- Title
- Anti-oxidant and cytotoxicity activity against the HCC70 Breast cancer cell line of aqueous and methanolic extracts of two red algae species from the Eastern Cape Coast, South Africa
- Creator
- Basera, Afra Tsitsi
- Subject
- Drug resistance in cancer cells
- Subject
- Oxidative stress
- Date
- 2021
- Type
- Master's theses
- Type
- text
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22589
- Identifier
- vital:52586
- Description
- Cancer, despite extensive research, remains one of the leading causes of mortality. Research into plant-derived compounds has gained traction, as some are not cytotoxic towards healthy cells and pose fewer side effects. Marine algae produce secondary metabolites, protecting them from oxidative stress, which causes cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and diabetes. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the anticancer potential of selected red algae species, collected from Humewood Beach, Gqeberha in South Africa, against HCC70 (human breast adenocarcinoma) cancer cells. Identification of the species was made through DNA barcoding of the rbcL gene. Methanolic and aqueous extracts of Gelidium pristoides and Laurencia natalensis were evaluated for antioxidant activity, phytochemical content, and anticancer potential. The phytochemical composition was determined using the phenol, flavonoid, flavonol, tannin, and proanthocyanidin content assays. Antioxidant potential was evaluated using the Ferric reducing antioxidant potential, Diphenyl-1- Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), nitric oxide, 2, 2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assays. The resazurin assay was used to determine the antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity of the methanolic extracts and solid-phase extraction fractions against the HCC70 breast cancer cells. The red algae species were identified as G. pristoides and L. natalensis. The aqueous extract of G. pristoides exhibited significantly higher phenols (24.0 mg/g GAE), tannins (31.6 mg/g TAE), and flavonols content (20.5 mg/g RE) than its methanolic extract, or the aqueous and methanolic extracts of L. natalensis. Methanolic extracts of G. pristoides and L. natalensis exhibited significantly higher proanthocyanidin contents (19.4 mg/g and 15.7 mg/g CE) than their respective aqueous extracts (13.0 mg/g and 11.8 mg/g CE). Flavonoids, however, were absent in both species. The aqueous and methanol extracts of Laurencia natalensis and Gelidium pristoides exhibited low inhibitory activities (less than 50%) against DPPH, ABTS, and nitric oxide radicals. Both species also showed low ferric reducing power. All the extracts were antiproliferative and cytotoxic against the HCC70 breast cancer cells, with L. natalensis exhibiting more significant inhibitory activity. However, its Solid Phase Extraction fractions did not display antiproliferative potential, unlike fraction 4 of G. pristoides. The study results suggest that both G. pristoides and L. natalensis possess bioactive compounds with potential anticancer activity.
- Description
- Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2021
- Format
- computer
- Format
- online resource
- Format
- application/pdf
- Format
- 1 online resource (113 leaves)
- Format
- Publisher
- University of Fort Hare
- Publisher
- Faculty of Science and Agriculture
- Language
- English
- Rights
- University of Fort Hare
- Rights
- All Rights Reserved
- Rights
- Open Access
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UFH Department of Biochemistry & Microbiology
| Thumbnail | File | Description | Size | Format | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| View Details Download | SOURCE1 | Afra Basera dissertation final.pdf | 1 MB | Adobe Acrobat PDF | View Details Download |