Dikalo
- Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal), Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars), Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar), Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar), Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard), Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus), Priscilia Ngando (composer), Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard), Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum), Moussa Haissam
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Priscilia Ngando (composer) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130836 , vital:36486 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-03
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Priscilia Ngando (composer) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130836 , vital:36486 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-03
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Divine
- Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal), Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars), Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar), Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar), Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard), Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus), Priscilia Ngando (composer), Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard), Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum), Moussa Haissam
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Priscilia Ngando (composer) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: English , French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130891 , vital:36495 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-09
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Priscilia Ngando (composer) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: English , French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130891 , vital:36495 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-09
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Je Chante
- Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal), Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars), Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar), Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar), Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard), Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus), Priscilia Ngando (composer), Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard), Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum), Moussa Haissam
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Priscilia Ngando (composer) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130896 , vital:36496 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-10
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Priscilia Ngando (composer) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130896 , vital:36496 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-10
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Nani Bwabongo
- Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal), Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars), Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar), Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar), Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard), Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus), Cyrille Baudoin Koudh (composer), Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard), Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum), Moussa Haissam
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Cyrille Baudoin Koudh (composer) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130792 , vital:36479 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-02
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Cyrille Baudoin Koudh (composer) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130792 , vital:36479 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-02
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Hi Life Asta
- Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal), Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars), Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar), Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar), Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard), Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus), Moussa Haissam (composer), Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard), Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum), Moussa Haissam
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Moussa Haissam (composer) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130851 , vital:36489 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-05
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Moussa Haissam (composer) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130851 , vital:36489 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-05
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Pour Mieux t'Aimer
- Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal), Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars), Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar), Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar), Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard), Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus), Moussa Haissam, Nana Mouskouri, Priscilia Ngando (composers), Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard), Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum), Moussa Haissam
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Moussa Haissam, Nana Mouskouri, Priscilia Ngando (composers) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130846 , vital:36488 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-04
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Moussa Haissam, Nana Mouskouri, Priscilia Ngando (composers) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130846 , vital:36488 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-04
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Mumi Na Muto
- Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal), Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars), Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar), Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar), Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard), Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus), Danger Ngando Konne, Moussa Haissam (composers), Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard), Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum), Moussa Haissam
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Danger Ngando Konne, Moussa Haissam (composers) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130873 , vital:36492 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-07
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Danger Ngando Konne, Moussa Haissam (composers) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130873 , vital:36492 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-07
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Osipope
- Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal), Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars), Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar), Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar), Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard), Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus), Moussa Haissam, Danger Ngando Konne (composers), Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard), Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum), Moussa Haissam
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Moussa Haissam, Danger Ngando Konne (composers) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130783 , vital:36478 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-01
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Moussa Haissam, Danger Ngando Konne (composers) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130783 , vital:36478 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-01
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Bomane Mba
- Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal), Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars), Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar), Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar), Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard), Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus), Danger Ngando Konne, Moussa Haissam (composers), Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard), Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum), Moussa Haissam
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Danger Ngando Konne, Moussa Haissam (composers) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130864 , vital:36490 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-06
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Danger Ngando Konne, Moussa Haissam (composers) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130864 , vital:36490 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-06
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
A Mbo Da Mondjo
- Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal), Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars), Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar), Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar), Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard), Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus), Moussa Haissam,Penda Dalle (composers), Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard), Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum), Moussa Haissam
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Moussa Haissam,Penda Dalle (composers) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130882 , vital:36494 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-08
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Moussa Haissam,Penda Dalle (composers) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130882 , vital:36494 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-08
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Review of the African distribution of the brine shrimp genus Artemia
- Kaiser, Horst, Gordon, Andrew K, Paulet, T G
- Authors: Kaiser, Horst , Gordon, Andrew K , Paulet, T G
- Date: 2006
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6765 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007963
- Description: Brine shrimp (genus Artemia) are small (8 to 12 mm long) cosmopolitan crustaceans (Anostraca) found predominately in hypersaline water bodies such as inland salt lakes and pans, coastal lagoons, and salt works at salinity levels above 40 g(.)l[superscript(-1)]. They have been extensively studied due to their high monetary value as food for larval fish in aquaculture and their unique reproductive strategies. Brine shrimp occur as either bisexual species or as parthenogenetic populations. Despite published reviews of their world-wide distribution little is known about their occurrence in Africa. This review adds new information about 70 African Artemia sites and lists 26 potential sites and their coordinates. Sixteen sites in Southern Africa and Namibia were visited during a collecting trip, and new information on the reproductive mode of nine of these sites is given. Several South African populations exhibit bisexual reproduction. In Namibia there are two parthenogenetic populations (Walvis Bay and Swartkops) and an additional bisexual population (Hentie's Bay). A mixed population (bisexual and parthenogenetic reproduction at the same site) was found at Coega, South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
- Authors: Kaiser, Horst , Gordon, Andrew K , Paulet, T G
- Date: 2006
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6765 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007963
- Description: Brine shrimp (genus Artemia) are small (8 to 12 mm long) cosmopolitan crustaceans (Anostraca) found predominately in hypersaline water bodies such as inland salt lakes and pans, coastal lagoons, and salt works at salinity levels above 40 g(.)l[superscript(-1)]. They have been extensively studied due to their high monetary value as food for larval fish in aquaculture and their unique reproductive strategies. Brine shrimp occur as either bisexual species or as parthenogenetic populations. Despite published reviews of their world-wide distribution little is known about their occurrence in Africa. This review adds new information about 70 African Artemia sites and lists 26 potential sites and their coordinates. Sixteen sites in Southern Africa and Namibia were visited during a collecting trip, and new information on the reproductive mode of nine of these sites is given. Several South African populations exhibit bisexual reproduction. In Namibia there are two parthenogenetic populations (Walvis Bay and Swartkops) and an additional bisexual population (Hentie's Bay). A mixed population (bisexual and parthenogenetic reproduction at the same site) was found at Coega, South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
Review of the African distribution of the brine shrimp genus Artemia
- Kaiser, Horst, Gordon, A K, Paulet, T G
- Authors: Kaiser, Horst , Gordon, A K , Paulet, T G
- Date: 2006
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7081 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012335
- Description: Brine shrimp (genus Artemia) are small (8 to 12 mm long) cosmopolitan crustaceans (Anostraca) found predominately in hypersaline water bodies such as inland salt lakes and pans, coastal lagoons, and salt works at salinity levels above 40 g(.)l[superscript(-1)]. They have been extensively studied due to their high monetary value as food for larval fish in aquaculture and their unique reproductive strategies. Brine shrimp occur as either bisexual species or as parthenogenetic populations. Despite published reviews of their world-wide distribution little is known about their occurrence in Africa. This review adds new information about 70 African Artemia sites and lists 26 potential sites and their coordinates. Sixteen sites in Southern Africa and Namibia were visited during a collecting trip, and new information on the reproductive mode of nine of these sites is given. Several South African populations exhibit bisexual reproduction. In Namibia there are two parthenogenetic populations (Walvis Bay and Swartkops) and an additional bisexual population (Hentie's Bay). A mixed population (bisexual and parthenogenetic reproduction at the same site) was found at Coega, South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
- Authors: Kaiser, Horst , Gordon, A K , Paulet, T G
- Date: 2006
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7081 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012335
- Description: Brine shrimp (genus Artemia) are small (8 to 12 mm long) cosmopolitan crustaceans (Anostraca) found predominately in hypersaline water bodies such as inland salt lakes and pans, coastal lagoons, and salt works at salinity levels above 40 g(.)l[superscript(-1)]. They have been extensively studied due to their high monetary value as food for larval fish in aquaculture and their unique reproductive strategies. Brine shrimp occur as either bisexual species or as parthenogenetic populations. Despite published reviews of their world-wide distribution little is known about their occurrence in Africa. This review adds new information about 70 African Artemia sites and lists 26 potential sites and their coordinates. Sixteen sites in Southern Africa and Namibia were visited during a collecting trip, and new information on the reproductive mode of nine of these sites is given. Several South African populations exhibit bisexual reproduction. In Namibia there are two parthenogenetic populations (Walvis Bay and Swartkops) and an additional bisexual population (Hentie's Bay). A mixed population (bisexual and parthenogenetic reproduction at the same site) was found at Coega, South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
Assessment of the physicochemical and microbiological qualities of Tyume River in Amathole District in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
- Sibanda, Timothy https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6864-3796
- Authors: Sibanda, Timothy https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6864-3796
- Date: 2013-05
- Subjects: Water -- Purification , Sewage -- Purification
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24465 , vital:62812
- Description: The bioflocculant-producing potentials of three marine bacteria isolated from the sediment samples of Algoa Bay in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa were assessed. Analysis of the partial nucleotide sequence of the 16S rDNA of the bacteria revealed 99 percent, 99 percent, and 98 percent similarity to Cobetia sp. L222, Bacillus sp. A-5A, and Bacillus sp. HXG-C1 respectively and the sequence was deposited in GenBank as Cobetia sp. OAUIFE, Bacillus sp. MAYA and Bacillus sp. Gilbert (accession number JF799092, JF799093, and HQ537128 respectively). Cultivation condition studies for Cobetia sp. OAUIFE revealed that bioflocculant production was optimal with an inoculum size of 2 percent (v/v), initial pH of 6.0, Mn2+ as the metal ion, and glucose as the carbon source. Metal ions, including Na+, K+, Li+, Ca2+and Mg2+ stimulated bioflocculant production resulting in flocculating activity of above 90 percent. This crude bioflocculant is thermally stable, with about 78 percent of its flocculating activity remaining after heating at 100 oC for 25 min. Analysis of the purified bioflocculant revealed it to be an acidic extracellular polysaccharide. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of methoxyl, hydroxyl, and carboxyl - groups in the compound bioflocculant and SEM micrograph of the bioflocculant revealed a crystal-linear structure. On the other hand, bioflocculant production by Bacillus sp. MAYA was optimal when glucose (95.6 percent flocculating activity) and ammonium nitrate (83.3 percent flocculating activity) were used as carbon and nitrogen sources respectively; inoculum size was 2 percent (v/v); initial pH 6; and Ca2+ as coagulant aid. Chemical analysis of the purified bioflocculant shows that it is composed of uronic acid, neutral sugar and protein. FTIR analysis also revealed the presence of methoxyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino- groups in this bioflocculant. The bioflocculant is thermostable with about 65.6 percent residual flocculating activity retained after heating the bioflocculant at 100 oC for 25 min. However bioflocculant production by Bacillus sp. Gilbert was optimal when sodium carbonate (95.2 percent flocculating activity) and potassium nitrate (76.6 percent flocculating activity) were used as carbon and nitrogen sources respectively; inoculum size was 3 percent (v/v); initial pH 9; and Al3+ as cation. The crude bioflocculant retained 44.2 percent residual flocculating activity after heating at 100 oC for 15 min. FTIR analysis reveals the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and methylene - groups in the compound bioflocculant. SEM micrograph of the bioflocculant revealed an amorphous compound. The consortia of these bacteria strains also produced bioflocculants with high flocculating activities which were highly efficient in removing turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from brewery wastewater, diary wastewater and river water. The bioflocculants from the consortia seemed better than traditional flocculants such as alum . The characteristics of the bioflocculant produced by the consortium of Cobetia sp. OAUIFE and Bacillus sp. MAYA showed that this extracellular bioflocculant, composed of 66percent uronic acid and 31percent protein and an optimum flocculation (90 percent) of kaolin suspension, when the dosage concentration was 0.8 mg/ml, under weak alkaline pH of 8, and Ca2+ as a coagulant aid. The bioflocculant is thermally stable, with a high residual flocculating activity of 86.7 percent, 89.3 percent and 87.0 percent after heating at 50 oC, 80 oC and 100 oC for 25 min respectively. The FTIR analysis of the bioflocculant indicated the presence of hydroxyl, amino, carbonyl and carboxyl functional groups. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image revealed a crystal-linear spongy-like bioflocculant structure and EDX analysis of the purified bioflocculant showed that the elemental composition in mass proportion of C,N,O,S and P was 6.67:6.23:37.55:0.38:4.42 (percent w/w). However, the characteristics of the bioflocculant produced by the consortium of Cobetia sp OAUIFE and Bacillus sp. Gilbert showed an optimum flocculation (90 percent) of kaolin suspension when the dosage concentration was 0.2 mg/ml, under neutral pH of 7, and Ca2+ as a coagulant aid. The FTIR analysis of the bioflocculant Tyume River water samples were collected monthly, over a 12-month period starting from August 2010 and ending in July 2011, and transported on ice to the Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG) Laboratory at the University of Fort Hare, Alice for analyses within 6 h of collection. Electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) of water samples were determined in situ using a multi-parameter ion-specific meter. Concentrations of orthophosphate and total nitrogen (nitrate + nitrite) were determined by standard photometric methods. Total coliforms (TC), faecal coliforms (FC) and enterococci were determined by the membrane filtration method. Viruses in water samples were concentrated using the adsorption-elution method, followed by extraction of viral nucleic acids and purification done using commercially available kits. The concentrations of human enteric viruses in the river-water samples were estimated using quantitative PCR. RNA viruses were quantified in a two-step protocol where RNA was first transcribed into cDNA in a separate reverse-transcription step. Adenovirus species and serotypes were simultaneously detected using serotype-specific multiplex PCR. Norovirus genogroups GI and GII were detected by semi-nested PCR. The risk of infection associated with recreational and domestic use of the water was also estimated. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) levels fell within the stipulated BOD guideline of 10 mg/ℓ for surface waters where full contact use is allowed and ≤ 30 mg/ℓ where public access is prohibited, restricted, or infrequent. DO concentrations generally ranged between 7.47 mg/ℓ and 10.42 mg/ℓ, well within the target water quality requirements. The temperature regime ranged between 6°C and 28°C and for most sampling sites, the temperature regimes were within the acceptable limit of no risk (≤ 25°C) for domestic water uses in South Africa. EC ranged between 47 μS/cm and 408 μS/cm well within the South African target water quality EC guideline of 700 μS/cm though it was observed to increase as the river flowed through settlements. The pH in the period beginning September 2010 through to January 2011 was consistently below pH 9, but from February 2011 to June 2011 the pH significantly increased to between pH 10 and pH 11 at most sampling sites. Unpolluted waters normally show a pH of between 6.5 and 8.5. Most of the pH values observed in this study lie between pH 8.5 and pH 10.8 levels which are not far off from the upper level guideline of pH 9.0 for domestic use. Turbidity ranged between 6 NTU and 281 and fell short of the target water quality range (0 NTU to 1 NTU) of no risk for domestic water uses in South Africa. Monthly TDS values and EC values showed direct proportionality. TDS concentrations at all sites fell within the acceptable guideline of 0 mg/ℓ to 450 mg/ℓ of TDS for domestic use. Nutrient profiles were as follows: nitrate (0.18 mg/ℓ to 4.21 mg/ℓ); nitrite (0.02 mg/ℓ to 2.35 mg/ℓ); and orthophosphate (0.06 mg/ℓ to 2.72 mg/ℓ). The bacteriological qualities of the water were poor, exceeding the guideline of 200 CFU/100 mℓ and 33 CFU/100 mℓ for FC and enterococci respectively, for recreational water. FC counts also exceeded the 1 000 CFU/100 mℓ guideline for water used in fresh produce irrigation. Generally, higher counts of TC, FC and enterococci were recorded at the sampling sites located at the lower reaches of the river compared to the upper reaches. Adenovirus was detected in 31percent of the river samples in concentrations ranging between 1.0×100 genome copies/ℓ and 8.49×104 genome copies/ℓ. Serotyping showed the presence of species C adenovirus serotypes 1, 2, 6 and 7, and species F adenovirus serotype 41. The prevalence of norovirus was 4percent while rotavirus was detected in 4percent of river samples in concentrations ranging between 9×100 genome copies/ℓ and 5.64×103 genome copies/ℓ. Hepatitis A virus was detected in 13percent of river samples in concentrations ranging between1.67×103 and 1.64×104 genome copies/ℓ while enteroviruses were not detected. Detection of enteric viruses was inversely correlated to temperature. Risk analysis showed that both hepatitis A virus and adenovirus presented significantly higher risk of infection values compared to rotavirus in the case of ingestion of 10 mℓ or 100 mℓ of water from Tyume River while enteroviruses did not present any significant risk of infection. Tyume River water samples also did not conform to the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) bacterial criteria of 200 CFU/100 mℓ faecal coliforms and 33 CFU/100 mℓ enterococci for bathing waters. Whereas the physicochemical parameters showed that Tyume River water was relatively clean, the bacteriological water quality was poor. Most of the microbiological contamination observed in this study (especially FIBs) can be blamed on inadequate sanitary infrastructure as we observed that open defecation is commonplace in this catchment, which also serves as a conduit for effluent discharges from wastewater-treatment facilities. Enteric viruses were detected along the course of the river in a sporadic pattern, generally not related to natural hydrological cycles and so we conclude that the presence of enteric viruses in the river is suggestive of the dynamics of the same in the host population. Even though the proportion of infective viruses was estimated in this study, fact remains that there is considerable risk of infection posed by the use of raw surface water for either domestic or recreational use. This study further confirmed the lack of correlation between faecal indicator bacteria and enteric virus occurrence in environmental waters, showing that assaying for enteric viruses in environmental waters remains the best method for determining the health risks associated with the use of faecally contaminated water. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2013
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013-05
- Authors: Sibanda, Timothy https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6864-3796
- Date: 2013-05
- Subjects: Water -- Purification , Sewage -- Purification
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24465 , vital:62812
- Description: The bioflocculant-producing potentials of three marine bacteria isolated from the sediment samples of Algoa Bay in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa were assessed. Analysis of the partial nucleotide sequence of the 16S rDNA of the bacteria revealed 99 percent, 99 percent, and 98 percent similarity to Cobetia sp. L222, Bacillus sp. A-5A, and Bacillus sp. HXG-C1 respectively and the sequence was deposited in GenBank as Cobetia sp. OAUIFE, Bacillus sp. MAYA and Bacillus sp. Gilbert (accession number JF799092, JF799093, and HQ537128 respectively). Cultivation condition studies for Cobetia sp. OAUIFE revealed that bioflocculant production was optimal with an inoculum size of 2 percent (v/v), initial pH of 6.0, Mn2+ as the metal ion, and glucose as the carbon source. Metal ions, including Na+, K+, Li+, Ca2+and Mg2+ stimulated bioflocculant production resulting in flocculating activity of above 90 percent. This crude bioflocculant is thermally stable, with about 78 percent of its flocculating activity remaining after heating at 100 oC for 25 min. Analysis of the purified bioflocculant revealed it to be an acidic extracellular polysaccharide. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of methoxyl, hydroxyl, and carboxyl - groups in the compound bioflocculant and SEM micrograph of the bioflocculant revealed a crystal-linear structure. On the other hand, bioflocculant production by Bacillus sp. MAYA was optimal when glucose (95.6 percent flocculating activity) and ammonium nitrate (83.3 percent flocculating activity) were used as carbon and nitrogen sources respectively; inoculum size was 2 percent (v/v); initial pH 6; and Ca2+ as coagulant aid. Chemical analysis of the purified bioflocculant shows that it is composed of uronic acid, neutral sugar and protein. FTIR analysis also revealed the presence of methoxyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino- groups in this bioflocculant. The bioflocculant is thermostable with about 65.6 percent residual flocculating activity retained after heating the bioflocculant at 100 oC for 25 min. However bioflocculant production by Bacillus sp. Gilbert was optimal when sodium carbonate (95.2 percent flocculating activity) and potassium nitrate (76.6 percent flocculating activity) were used as carbon and nitrogen sources respectively; inoculum size was 3 percent (v/v); initial pH 9; and Al3+ as cation. The crude bioflocculant retained 44.2 percent residual flocculating activity after heating at 100 oC for 15 min. FTIR analysis reveals the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and methylene - groups in the compound bioflocculant. SEM micrograph of the bioflocculant revealed an amorphous compound. The consortia of these bacteria strains also produced bioflocculants with high flocculating activities which were highly efficient in removing turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from brewery wastewater, diary wastewater and river water. The bioflocculants from the consortia seemed better than traditional flocculants such as alum . The characteristics of the bioflocculant produced by the consortium of Cobetia sp. OAUIFE and Bacillus sp. MAYA showed that this extracellular bioflocculant, composed of 66percent uronic acid and 31percent protein and an optimum flocculation (90 percent) of kaolin suspension, when the dosage concentration was 0.8 mg/ml, under weak alkaline pH of 8, and Ca2+ as a coagulant aid. The bioflocculant is thermally stable, with a high residual flocculating activity of 86.7 percent, 89.3 percent and 87.0 percent after heating at 50 oC, 80 oC and 100 oC for 25 min respectively. The FTIR analysis of the bioflocculant indicated the presence of hydroxyl, amino, carbonyl and carboxyl functional groups. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image revealed a crystal-linear spongy-like bioflocculant structure and EDX analysis of the purified bioflocculant showed that the elemental composition in mass proportion of C,N,O,S and P was 6.67:6.23:37.55:0.38:4.42 (percent w/w). However, the characteristics of the bioflocculant produced by the consortium of Cobetia sp OAUIFE and Bacillus sp. Gilbert showed an optimum flocculation (90 percent) of kaolin suspension when the dosage concentration was 0.2 mg/ml, under neutral pH of 7, and Ca2+ as a coagulant aid. The FTIR analysis of the bioflocculant Tyume River water samples were collected monthly, over a 12-month period starting from August 2010 and ending in July 2011, and transported on ice to the Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG) Laboratory at the University of Fort Hare, Alice for analyses within 6 h of collection. Electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) of water samples were determined in situ using a multi-parameter ion-specific meter. Concentrations of orthophosphate and total nitrogen (nitrate + nitrite) were determined by standard photometric methods. Total coliforms (TC), faecal coliforms (FC) and enterococci were determined by the membrane filtration method. Viruses in water samples were concentrated using the adsorption-elution method, followed by extraction of viral nucleic acids and purification done using commercially available kits. The concentrations of human enteric viruses in the river-water samples were estimated using quantitative PCR. RNA viruses were quantified in a two-step protocol where RNA was first transcribed into cDNA in a separate reverse-transcription step. Adenovirus species and serotypes were simultaneously detected using serotype-specific multiplex PCR. Norovirus genogroups GI and GII were detected by semi-nested PCR. The risk of infection associated with recreational and domestic use of the water was also estimated. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) levels fell within the stipulated BOD guideline of 10 mg/ℓ for surface waters where full contact use is allowed and ≤ 30 mg/ℓ where public access is prohibited, restricted, or infrequent. DO concentrations generally ranged between 7.47 mg/ℓ and 10.42 mg/ℓ, well within the target water quality requirements. The temperature regime ranged between 6°C and 28°C and for most sampling sites, the temperature regimes were within the acceptable limit of no risk (≤ 25°C) for domestic water uses in South Africa. EC ranged between 47 μS/cm and 408 μS/cm well within the South African target water quality EC guideline of 700 μS/cm though it was observed to increase as the river flowed through settlements. The pH in the period beginning September 2010 through to January 2011 was consistently below pH 9, but from February 2011 to June 2011 the pH significantly increased to between pH 10 and pH 11 at most sampling sites. Unpolluted waters normally show a pH of between 6.5 and 8.5. Most of the pH values observed in this study lie between pH 8.5 and pH 10.8 levels which are not far off from the upper level guideline of pH 9.0 for domestic use. Turbidity ranged between 6 NTU and 281 and fell short of the target water quality range (0 NTU to 1 NTU) of no risk for domestic water uses in South Africa. Monthly TDS values and EC values showed direct proportionality. TDS concentrations at all sites fell within the acceptable guideline of 0 mg/ℓ to 450 mg/ℓ of TDS for domestic use. Nutrient profiles were as follows: nitrate (0.18 mg/ℓ to 4.21 mg/ℓ); nitrite (0.02 mg/ℓ to 2.35 mg/ℓ); and orthophosphate (0.06 mg/ℓ to 2.72 mg/ℓ). The bacteriological qualities of the water were poor, exceeding the guideline of 200 CFU/100 mℓ and 33 CFU/100 mℓ for FC and enterococci respectively, for recreational water. FC counts also exceeded the 1 000 CFU/100 mℓ guideline for water used in fresh produce irrigation. Generally, higher counts of TC, FC and enterococci were recorded at the sampling sites located at the lower reaches of the river compared to the upper reaches. Adenovirus was detected in 31percent of the river samples in concentrations ranging between 1.0×100 genome copies/ℓ and 8.49×104 genome copies/ℓ. Serotyping showed the presence of species C adenovirus serotypes 1, 2, 6 and 7, and species F adenovirus serotype 41. The prevalence of norovirus was 4percent while rotavirus was detected in 4percent of river samples in concentrations ranging between 9×100 genome copies/ℓ and 5.64×103 genome copies/ℓ. Hepatitis A virus was detected in 13percent of river samples in concentrations ranging between1.67×103 and 1.64×104 genome copies/ℓ while enteroviruses were not detected. Detection of enteric viruses was inversely correlated to temperature. Risk analysis showed that both hepatitis A virus and adenovirus presented significantly higher risk of infection values compared to rotavirus in the case of ingestion of 10 mℓ or 100 mℓ of water from Tyume River while enteroviruses did not present any significant risk of infection. Tyume River water samples also did not conform to the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) bacterial criteria of 200 CFU/100 mℓ faecal coliforms and 33 CFU/100 mℓ enterococci for bathing waters. Whereas the physicochemical parameters showed that Tyume River water was relatively clean, the bacteriological water quality was poor. Most of the microbiological contamination observed in this study (especially FIBs) can be blamed on inadequate sanitary infrastructure as we observed that open defecation is commonplace in this catchment, which also serves as a conduit for effluent discharges from wastewater-treatment facilities. Enteric viruses were detected along the course of the river in a sporadic pattern, generally not related to natural hydrological cycles and so we conclude that the presence of enteric viruses in the river is suggestive of the dynamics of the same in the host population. Even though the proportion of infective viruses was estimated in this study, fact remains that there is considerable risk of infection posed by the use of raw surface water for either domestic or recreational use. This study further confirmed the lack of correlation between faecal indicator bacteria and enteric virus occurrence in environmental waters, showing that assaying for enteric viruses in environmental waters remains the best method for determining the health risks associated with the use of faecally contaminated water. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2013
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013-05
The role of microzooplankton in carbon cycling in the Southern Ocean
- Authors: Froneman, Pierre William
- Date: 1996
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:21066 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6234
- Description: A 3-year study was carried out on the role of microzooplankton in carbon cycling in the south Atlantic and the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. Microzooplankton grazing impact on phytoplankton was estimated during austral summer and winter employing the dilution technique. Carnivory by larger zooplankton on microzooplankton during summer was estimated using in vitro incubations. Microzooplankton assemblages were always dominated by protozoans comprising ciliates and dinoflagellates. In the ( 20 um chlorophyll fraction, microzooplankton grazing was sufficient to control the growth of the nano- and picophytoplankton suggesting that, where larger microphytoplankton cells dominate, micro zooplankton maintain the background concentrations of the nano- and picophytoplankton. During winter, when small nano- and picophytoplankton cells dominate total chlorophyll concentrations, the microzooplankton grazing impact on phytoplankton is dramatically increased. Microzooplankton removed on average 37% of the initial phytoplankton stock or 70% of the daily phytoplankton production. These results suggest that in winter, micro zooplankton are the main sink for phytoplankton production. Carnivory experiments conducted with selected meso- (copepods) and macro zooplankton (euphausiids and tunicates) showed that all species examined consumed micro zooplankton in the presence of substantial chlorophyll concentrations. Microzooplankton can, therefore, be regarded as trophic intermediates between bacterioplankton, small phytoplankton cells and larger zooplankton species in the Southern Ocean. The results of this investigation suggest a spatiotemporal shift in efficiency of the biological pump mediated by changes in the size composition of the phytoplankton assemblages. South of the Antarctic Polar Front (APF) large IV microphytoplankton cells dominate the summer chlorophyll biomass, suggesting that larger zooplankton grazers represent the main sink for phytoplankton production. Under these conditions, carbon flux to the interior of the ocean will be high due to diel vertical migrations by grazers and the production of large, fast sinking faecal pellets. The sedimentation of large phytoplankton cells also contributes to flux. In the permanently open waters south of the APF and throughout the Southern Ocean during winter, small phytoplankton cells dominate total chlorophyll, resulting in the microbial loop being the main sink for phytoplankton production. The close coupling between the micro zooplankton and the microbial loop dramatically reduces the transfer of organic carbon from the surface layers to depth. Carnivory by metazoans on microzooplankton may reduce the high grazing impact of micro zooplankton and, may also represent an important source of carbon flux originating from the microbial loop.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1996
- Authors: Froneman, Pierre William
- Date: 1996
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:21066 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6234
- Description: A 3-year study was carried out on the role of microzooplankton in carbon cycling in the south Atlantic and the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. Microzooplankton grazing impact on phytoplankton was estimated during austral summer and winter employing the dilution technique. Carnivory by larger zooplankton on microzooplankton during summer was estimated using in vitro incubations. Microzooplankton assemblages were always dominated by protozoans comprising ciliates and dinoflagellates. In the ( 20 um chlorophyll fraction, microzooplankton grazing was sufficient to control the growth of the nano- and picophytoplankton suggesting that, where larger microphytoplankton cells dominate, micro zooplankton maintain the background concentrations of the nano- and picophytoplankton. During winter, when small nano- and picophytoplankton cells dominate total chlorophyll concentrations, the microzooplankton grazing impact on phytoplankton is dramatically increased. Microzooplankton removed on average 37% of the initial phytoplankton stock or 70% of the daily phytoplankton production. These results suggest that in winter, micro zooplankton are the main sink for phytoplankton production. Carnivory experiments conducted with selected meso- (copepods) and macro zooplankton (euphausiids and tunicates) showed that all species examined consumed micro zooplankton in the presence of substantial chlorophyll concentrations. Microzooplankton can, therefore, be regarded as trophic intermediates between bacterioplankton, small phytoplankton cells and larger zooplankton species in the Southern Ocean. The results of this investigation suggest a spatiotemporal shift in efficiency of the biological pump mediated by changes in the size composition of the phytoplankton assemblages. South of the Antarctic Polar Front (APF) large IV microphytoplankton cells dominate the summer chlorophyll biomass, suggesting that larger zooplankton grazers represent the main sink for phytoplankton production. Under these conditions, carbon flux to the interior of the ocean will be high due to diel vertical migrations by grazers and the production of large, fast sinking faecal pellets. The sedimentation of large phytoplankton cells also contributes to flux. In the permanently open waters south of the APF and throughout the Southern Ocean during winter, small phytoplankton cells dominate total chlorophyll, resulting in the microbial loop being the main sink for phytoplankton production. The close coupling between the micro zooplankton and the microbial loop dramatically reduces the transfer of organic carbon from the surface layers to depth. Carnivory by metazoans on microzooplankton may reduce the high grazing impact of micro zooplankton and, may also represent an important source of carbon flux originating from the microbial loop.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1996
Agreement and coordination in XiTsonga, SeSotho and IsiXhosa: an optimality theoretic perspective
- Authors: Mitchley, Hazel
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/3423 , vital:20491
- Description: This thesis provides a unified Optimality Theoretic analysis of subject-verb agreement with coordinated preverbal subjects in three Southern Bantu languages: Xitsonga (S53), Sesotho (S33), and isiXhosa (S41). This analysis is then used to formulate a typology of agreement resolution strategies and the contexts which trigger them. Although some accounts in the Bantu literature suggest that agreement with coordinate structures is avoided by speakers (e.g. Schadeberg 1992, Voeltz 1971) especially when conjuncts are from different noun classes, I show that there is ample evidence to the contrary, and that the subject marker used is dependent on several factors, including (i) the [-HUMAN] specification on the conjuncts, (ii) whether the conjuncts are singular or plural, (iii) whether or not the conjuncts both carry the same noun class feature, and (iv) the order of the conjuncts. This thesis shows that there are various agreement resolution strategies which can beused: 1) agreement with the [+HUMAN] feature on the conjuncts, 2) agreement with the[-HUMAN] feature on the conjuncts, 3) agreement with the noun class feature on both conjuncts, 4) agreement with the noun class feature on the conjunct closest to the verb, and 5) agreement with the noun class feature on the conjunct furthest from the verb. Not all of these strategies are used by all languages, nor are these strategies interchangeable in the languages which do use them – instead, multiple factors conspire to trigger the use of a specific agreement strategy within a specific agreement featural context. I show that these effects can be captured using Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky 2004). The analysis makes use of seven constraints: RES#, MAX[+H], MAX[-H], DEP[-H], MAXNC, DEPNC, and AGREECLOSEST. The hierarchical ranking of these constraints not only accounts for the confinement of particular strategies to specific agreement featural contexts within a language, but also accounts for the cross-linguistic differences in the use of these strategies. I end off by examining the typological implications which follow from the OT analysis provided in this thesis.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Mitchley, Hazel
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/3423 , vital:20491
- Description: This thesis provides a unified Optimality Theoretic analysis of subject-verb agreement with coordinated preverbal subjects in three Southern Bantu languages: Xitsonga (S53), Sesotho (S33), and isiXhosa (S41). This analysis is then used to formulate a typology of agreement resolution strategies and the contexts which trigger them. Although some accounts in the Bantu literature suggest that agreement with coordinate structures is avoided by speakers (e.g. Schadeberg 1992, Voeltz 1971) especially when conjuncts are from different noun classes, I show that there is ample evidence to the contrary, and that the subject marker used is dependent on several factors, including (i) the [-HUMAN] specification on the conjuncts, (ii) whether the conjuncts are singular or plural, (iii) whether or not the conjuncts both carry the same noun class feature, and (iv) the order of the conjuncts. This thesis shows that there are various agreement resolution strategies which can beused: 1) agreement with the [+HUMAN] feature on the conjuncts, 2) agreement with the[-HUMAN] feature on the conjuncts, 3) agreement with the noun class feature on both conjuncts, 4) agreement with the noun class feature on the conjunct closest to the verb, and 5) agreement with the noun class feature on the conjunct furthest from the verb. Not all of these strategies are used by all languages, nor are these strategies interchangeable in the languages which do use them – instead, multiple factors conspire to trigger the use of a specific agreement strategy within a specific agreement featural context. I show that these effects can be captured using Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky 2004). The analysis makes use of seven constraints: RES#, MAX[+H], MAX[-H], DEP[-H], MAXNC, DEPNC, and AGREECLOSEST. The hierarchical ranking of these constraints not only accounts for the confinement of particular strategies to specific agreement featural contexts within a language, but also accounts for the cross-linguistic differences in the use of these strategies. I end off by examining the typological implications which follow from the OT analysis provided in this thesis.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Ecological role of free-living bacteria in the microbial food web of the temporarily open/closed East Kleinemonde Estuary, South Africa
- Authors: Allan, Elizabeth Louise
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: Bacterial growth -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Estuarine ecology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Estuaries -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Microbial ecology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nutrient cycles -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Food chains (Ecology)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5666 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005351 , Bacterial growth -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Estuarine ecology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Estuaries -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Microbial ecology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nutrient cycles -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Food chains (Ecology)
- Description: The main aim of this study was to assess the “top-down” and “bottom-up” control of bacterial production in the small temporarily open/closed East Kleinemonde Estuary, situated on the south-eastern coastline of southern Africa. Spatial and temporal patterns in bacterial abundance, biomass and production and the importance of abiotic and biotic factors were investigated over the period May 2006 to April 2007. The trophic interactions between bacteria, phytoplankton, nanoflagellates (< 20 μm), microzooplankton (< 200 μm) and mesozooplankton (< 2 000 μm) were investigated during winter and summer. Bacterial abundance, biomass and production ranged between 1.00 × 10⁹ and 4.93 × 10⁹ cells 1⁻¹, 32.4 and 109 μg C 1⁻¹ and 0.01 and 1.99 μg C 1⁻¹ h⁻¹, respectively. With a few exceptions there were no spatial patterns in the values. Bacterial abundance, biomass and production, however, demonstrated a distinct temporal pattern with the lowest values consistently recorded during the winter months. Nanoflagellate and bacterial abundances were significantly correlated to one another (lower reaches: r = 0.818, p < 0.001; middle reaches: r = 0.628, p < 0.001; upper reaches: r = 0.484, p < 0.05) suggesting a strong predator-prey relationship. The frequency of visibly infected bacterial cells and the mean number of virus particles within each bacterial cell during this study demonstrated no temporal or spatial patterns and ranged from 0.5 to 6.1 % and 12.0 to 37.5 virus particles per bacterium, respectively. Viral infection and lysis was thus a constant source of bacterial mortality throughout the year. The estimated percentage of bacterial production removed by viral lysis ranged between 7.8 and 88.9% of the total which suggests that viral lysis represented a very important source of bacterial mortality during this study. The biological interactions between the selected components of the plankton community demonstrated that among the heterotrophic components of the plankton, the nanoflagellates were identified as the most important consumers of bacteria and small phytoplankton cells (< 20 μm). In the presence of microzooplankton the impact of the nanoflagellates on both the bacteria and phytoplankton was reduced, indicating that larger heterotrophs were preying upon the nanoflagellates. Mesozooplankton, however, appeared to exert the greatest impact on nanoflagellates. In the cascading experiments, the data suggest that mesozooplankton consume nanoflagellates, which resulted in a decrease in the predation impact of these organisms on the bacteria. This result is consistent with predator-prey cascades. The presence of the larger heterotrophs therefore, mediates the interactions between the primary bacterivores, the nanoflagellates, and the bacteria within the temporarily open/closed East Kleinemonde Estuary.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
- Authors: Allan, Elizabeth Louise
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: Bacterial growth -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Estuarine ecology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Estuaries -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Microbial ecology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nutrient cycles -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Food chains (Ecology)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5666 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005351 , Bacterial growth -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Estuarine ecology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Estuaries -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Microbial ecology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nutrient cycles -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Food chains (Ecology)
- Description: The main aim of this study was to assess the “top-down” and “bottom-up” control of bacterial production in the small temporarily open/closed East Kleinemonde Estuary, situated on the south-eastern coastline of southern Africa. Spatial and temporal patterns in bacterial abundance, biomass and production and the importance of abiotic and biotic factors were investigated over the period May 2006 to April 2007. The trophic interactions between bacteria, phytoplankton, nanoflagellates (< 20 μm), microzooplankton (< 200 μm) and mesozooplankton (< 2 000 μm) were investigated during winter and summer. Bacterial abundance, biomass and production ranged between 1.00 × 10⁹ and 4.93 × 10⁹ cells 1⁻¹, 32.4 and 109 μg C 1⁻¹ and 0.01 and 1.99 μg C 1⁻¹ h⁻¹, respectively. With a few exceptions there were no spatial patterns in the values. Bacterial abundance, biomass and production, however, demonstrated a distinct temporal pattern with the lowest values consistently recorded during the winter months. Nanoflagellate and bacterial abundances were significantly correlated to one another (lower reaches: r = 0.818, p < 0.001; middle reaches: r = 0.628, p < 0.001; upper reaches: r = 0.484, p < 0.05) suggesting a strong predator-prey relationship. The frequency of visibly infected bacterial cells and the mean number of virus particles within each bacterial cell during this study demonstrated no temporal or spatial patterns and ranged from 0.5 to 6.1 % and 12.0 to 37.5 virus particles per bacterium, respectively. Viral infection and lysis was thus a constant source of bacterial mortality throughout the year. The estimated percentage of bacterial production removed by viral lysis ranged between 7.8 and 88.9% of the total which suggests that viral lysis represented a very important source of bacterial mortality during this study. The biological interactions between the selected components of the plankton community demonstrated that among the heterotrophic components of the plankton, the nanoflagellates were identified as the most important consumers of bacteria and small phytoplankton cells (< 20 μm). In the presence of microzooplankton the impact of the nanoflagellates on both the bacteria and phytoplankton was reduced, indicating that larger heterotrophs were preying upon the nanoflagellates. Mesozooplankton, however, appeared to exert the greatest impact on nanoflagellates. In the cascading experiments, the data suggest that mesozooplankton consume nanoflagellates, which resulted in a decrease in the predation impact of these organisms on the bacteria. This result is consistent with predator-prey cascades. The presence of the larger heterotrophs therefore, mediates the interactions between the primary bacterivores, the nanoflagellates, and the bacteria within the temporarily open/closed East Kleinemonde Estuary.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
Petrographic and geochemical characterisation of the hangingwall and the footwall rocks (the Dipeta and R.A.T. stratigraphic units) to the Kinsevere and Nambulwa copper ore deposits of the Lufilian Arc, southern Democratic Republic of Congo
- Authors: Nkulu, Robert Kankomba
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Petrogenesis -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Analytical geochemistry -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Copper ores -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Ore deposits -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Katangan Sequence , Geological mapping -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Central African Copperbelt (Congo and Zambia) , Lufilian Arc , Neoproterozoic Katangan R.A.T. (Roches Argilo Talqueuse) Subgroup , Dipeta Subgroup
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/142772 , vital:38115
- Description: The Kinsevere and Nambulwa copper deposits in the Democratic Republic of Congo (D.R.C.) are set in the eastern side of the Neoproterozoic Katanga Supergroup, forming the Lufilian Arc, resulting from a cratonic collision between the Congo and the Kalahari Cratons (ca.620-570_Ma). The Katanga Supergroup was deposited in an extensional rift setting with a sedimentary thickness succession ranging between 7 to 10 km, sub-divided into: − the Roan, the Nguba and the Kundelungu Groups. The stratigraphic column of the Roan Group consists of the R.A.T. (Roche Argilo Talqueuse), the Mines, the Dipeta and the Mwashya Subgroups. Three major deformation phases have been described characterised by complex multiphase tectonics related to a curved superposition of folded, thrust and sheared blocks. The rocks of the R.A.T., Mines and Dipeta Subgroups are recognised as blocks that occur within a stratiform to discordant and diapiritic megabreccia. The blocks were rafted upward with salt tectonics, resulting in the juxtaposition with the hangingwall and the footwall terranes. Therefore, in that context it has been found that the Dipeta may appear overlying the R.A.T. Subgroup through the unconformity decollement surface of heterogeneous breccia. The petrographic observations made of the R.A.T. and Dipeta samples indicates in both units the presence of detrital quartz and feldspar that have been altered and replaced by sericite and muscovite minerals. Gypsum is intimately associated with magnesite, showing an evaporitic environment domain, while magnesite is common as alteration phase both in the R.A.T. and Dipeta Subgroups. Pyrophyllite has been observed in the Dipeta, resulting from reaction of silica with the Kaolinite at low temperature. Accessory detrital minerals include zircon, as well as xenotime intergrown with altered Fe-Ti-oxide hematite, forming complex textures with disseminated Ti-oxides both in R.A.T. and Dipeta units. Major and trace element geochemistry indicates that the Dipeta is more dolomitic and magnesite while the R.A.T. is clay-rich. The Ti2O value of Dipeta and R.A.T samples is relatively low, ranging between 0.36 and 0.69 wt.% respectively, which suggest highly evolved felsic material in the protolith. This is consistent with interpretation based on the Al2O3/TiO2 ratio, which ranges between 18 and 23 for the R.A.T. and Dipeta respectively, indicating an intermediate to felsic granitoids as the protolith of R.A.T. and Dipeta siltstones. The Ti/Zr ratio of R.A.T. and Dipeta samples of less than 10, while, the higher La/Sc ratio of between 2.6 and 5.5 (for the R.A.T. and Dipeta respectively) indicate that both the R.A.T. and Dipeta are active continental and passive margin tectonic setting. Based on the geochemical variation with depth across the R.A.T. and Dipeta and their contact zone, a geochemical fingerprinting suggests that the ratio TiO2/Al2O3 appears to be useful and could be considered as a stratigraphic geochemical maker able to discriminate the R.A.T. and the Dipeta Subgroups during the geological mapping.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Nkulu, Robert Kankomba
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Petrogenesis -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Analytical geochemistry -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Copper ores -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Ore deposits -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Katangan Sequence , Geological mapping -- Congo (Democratic Republic) , Central African Copperbelt (Congo and Zambia) , Lufilian Arc , Neoproterozoic Katangan R.A.T. (Roches Argilo Talqueuse) Subgroup , Dipeta Subgroup
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/142772 , vital:38115
- Description: The Kinsevere and Nambulwa copper deposits in the Democratic Republic of Congo (D.R.C.) are set in the eastern side of the Neoproterozoic Katanga Supergroup, forming the Lufilian Arc, resulting from a cratonic collision between the Congo and the Kalahari Cratons (ca.620-570_Ma). The Katanga Supergroup was deposited in an extensional rift setting with a sedimentary thickness succession ranging between 7 to 10 km, sub-divided into: − the Roan, the Nguba and the Kundelungu Groups. The stratigraphic column of the Roan Group consists of the R.A.T. (Roche Argilo Talqueuse), the Mines, the Dipeta and the Mwashya Subgroups. Three major deformation phases have been described characterised by complex multiphase tectonics related to a curved superposition of folded, thrust and sheared blocks. The rocks of the R.A.T., Mines and Dipeta Subgroups are recognised as blocks that occur within a stratiform to discordant and diapiritic megabreccia. The blocks were rafted upward with salt tectonics, resulting in the juxtaposition with the hangingwall and the footwall terranes. Therefore, in that context it has been found that the Dipeta may appear overlying the R.A.T. Subgroup through the unconformity decollement surface of heterogeneous breccia. The petrographic observations made of the R.A.T. and Dipeta samples indicates in both units the presence of detrital quartz and feldspar that have been altered and replaced by sericite and muscovite minerals. Gypsum is intimately associated with magnesite, showing an evaporitic environment domain, while magnesite is common as alteration phase both in the R.A.T. and Dipeta Subgroups. Pyrophyllite has been observed in the Dipeta, resulting from reaction of silica with the Kaolinite at low temperature. Accessory detrital minerals include zircon, as well as xenotime intergrown with altered Fe-Ti-oxide hematite, forming complex textures with disseminated Ti-oxides both in R.A.T. and Dipeta units. Major and trace element geochemistry indicates that the Dipeta is more dolomitic and magnesite while the R.A.T. is clay-rich. The Ti2O value of Dipeta and R.A.T samples is relatively low, ranging between 0.36 and 0.69 wt.% respectively, which suggest highly evolved felsic material in the protolith. This is consistent with interpretation based on the Al2O3/TiO2 ratio, which ranges between 18 and 23 for the R.A.T. and Dipeta respectively, indicating an intermediate to felsic granitoids as the protolith of R.A.T. and Dipeta siltstones. The Ti/Zr ratio of R.A.T. and Dipeta samples of less than 10, while, the higher La/Sc ratio of between 2.6 and 5.5 (for the R.A.T. and Dipeta respectively) indicate that both the R.A.T. and Dipeta are active continental and passive margin tectonic setting. Based on the geochemical variation with depth across the R.A.T. and Dipeta and their contact zone, a geochemical fingerprinting suggests that the ratio TiO2/Al2O3 appears to be useful and could be considered as a stratigraphic geochemical maker able to discriminate the R.A.T. and the Dipeta Subgroups during the geological mapping.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
An assessment of the performance appraisal system utilised for junior and middle level management within the South African National Defence Force
- Authors: Terblanche, Graham Martin
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: Middle managers -- Rating of -- South Africa , South Africa. National Defence Force Officials and employees Rating of
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:10884 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/148 , Middle managers -- Rating of -- South Africa , South Africa. National Defence Force Officials and employees Rating of
- Description: The research problem of this study was to assess the extent to which the appraisal system for junior and middle level managers in the South African National Defence Force (SANDF) met the requirements and guidelines for performance appraisal as stipulated in the literature. To achieve this objective, the following procedure was followed: · A survey of existing literature, related to performance appraisal, was conducted. The literature study focused on the requirements for an effective performance appraisal system, appraisal methods and appraisal errors. Attention was also focused on who should take responsibility for performance appraisal and the importance of regularly evaluating the performance appraisal system to meet the demands of a changing environment. The second part of the literature study dealt with the guidelines for establishing an effective appraisal system as well as performance management processes and cycles that are critical for the effectiveness of an appraisal system. The theoretical study formed the basis for the development of a survey questionnaire to establish the extent to which junior and middle level managers in the SANDF agreed with the theoretical guidelines. The survey was administered to a randomly selected group of junior and middle level managers who were representative of the South African Army, Airforce and Medical Services. The empirical results indicated that there was concurrence with many of the guidelines in the literature, but that there were areas that could be improved. It became evident that many respondents felt that the current system was not entirely fair and was not adapted to meet the needs of the integrated SANDF. Specifically, results indicated that the system should be re-evaluated to eliminate bias and to enhance the development of clear standards, both on a quantitative and qualitative level. It became clear that training and communication were important to the successful development and utilisation of a performance appraisal system. An effective performance appraisal system that is integrated with the overall performance management system of an organisation will enhance productivity, satisfaction and the attainment of goals.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Terblanche, Graham Martin
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: Middle managers -- Rating of -- South Africa , South Africa. National Defence Force Officials and employees Rating of
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: vital:10884 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/148 , Middle managers -- Rating of -- South Africa , South Africa. National Defence Force Officials and employees Rating of
- Description: The research problem of this study was to assess the extent to which the appraisal system for junior and middle level managers in the South African National Defence Force (SANDF) met the requirements and guidelines for performance appraisal as stipulated in the literature. To achieve this objective, the following procedure was followed: · A survey of existing literature, related to performance appraisal, was conducted. The literature study focused on the requirements for an effective performance appraisal system, appraisal methods and appraisal errors. Attention was also focused on who should take responsibility for performance appraisal and the importance of regularly evaluating the performance appraisal system to meet the demands of a changing environment. The second part of the literature study dealt with the guidelines for establishing an effective appraisal system as well as performance management processes and cycles that are critical for the effectiveness of an appraisal system. The theoretical study formed the basis for the development of a survey questionnaire to establish the extent to which junior and middle level managers in the SANDF agreed with the theoretical guidelines. The survey was administered to a randomly selected group of junior and middle level managers who were representative of the South African Army, Airforce and Medical Services. The empirical results indicated that there was concurrence with many of the guidelines in the literature, but that there were areas that could be improved. It became evident that many respondents felt that the current system was not entirely fair and was not adapted to meet the needs of the integrated SANDF. Specifically, results indicated that the system should be re-evaluated to eliminate bias and to enhance the development of clear standards, both on a quantitative and qualitative level. It became clear that training and communication were important to the successful development and utilisation of a performance appraisal system. An effective performance appraisal system that is integrated with the overall performance management system of an organisation will enhance productivity, satisfaction and the attainment of goals.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
Assessing growth response patterns of microalgae to varying environmental conditions using sediments from ephemeral wetlands
- Authors: Mazwane, Sixolile
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Microalgae -- South Africa , Wetland conservation -- South Africa Landscape ecology -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/22398 , vital:29966
- Description: Ephemeral wetlands serve as habitats for different fauna and flora. Microalgae make up a bulk of primary production in newly inundated wetlands and have a big influence on the aquatic community structure. As ephemeral wetlands have cyclical drying and wetting phases, algal species found in these habitats have evolved adaptations (i.e. dormancy and cysts) to survive during dry periods and become productive upon inundation. Algae have been used as ecological indicators in many aquatic ecosystems including wetlands, particularly associated with water quality and with varying inundation states. Whilst temperature and water level have been shown to affect microalgal biomass independently, this study aims to assess the effects of these two factors simultaneously on microalgal biomass, species diversity and community changes. The aim of the study was to investigate microalgal dynamics using two ephemeral wetlands in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. The growth response patterns of microalgal communities to varying temperatures and inundation levels through experiments using dry temporary wetland sediments was also assessed. Dry sediments were collected from two depression wetlands with different sediment characteristics (1592 and Elephant Wallow (EW)). The study consisted of replicated treatments with three different surface area: volume ratios (SA:V) (Low surface area: volume (LSAV), Medium (MSAV) and High (HSAV)), inundated with distilled water. The microcosms were placed inside a Conviron environmental growth chamber and illuminated at between 106 to 138 μmol.m-2s-1, with a 12:12 light-dark cycle at constant temperatures of 12 °C (mean winter) and 22 °C (mean summer). Physicochemical data were recorded, and biological samples were collected every 4 days over a 28-day inundation period. In the field, Electrical conductivity (EC) and pH showed a gradual increase over the inundation period. The systems were well oxygenated (6-10 mg L-1). Overall, phytoplankton biomass in the field was ~10 μg L-1 whereas benthic biomass (MPB) was significantly higher 10 – 300 mg L-1. Within the experiments, the phytoplankton biomass showed a pattern while MPB biomass increased gradually for both experiments. There were no significant (p>0.05) differences between the 1592 and EW phytoplankton biomass. However, the MPB biomass showed significant (p<0.05) differences between the two sediments (EW high, 1592 low) and the experiments, respectively. In the winter experiment, the 1592 sediment had high phytoplankton biomass compared to EW, the reverse was observed for the MPB biomass. In summer experiment, similar results were observed in terms of phytoplankton biomass. For the MPBs, 1592 had greater biomass for all treatments compared to EW. The phytoplankton community for both field samples and experiments was dominated by chlorophytes (>50 %), followed by cyanophytes and euglenophytes (with cryptophytes in summer experiment) for both field and experiments. The MPB community was dominated by bacillariophytes (55 %) and chlorophytes (25 %) in the 1592 sediments and this was also the case with EW sediments bacillariophytes (70 %), although cyanophytes (15 %) made up the remainder of the MPB community. The 1592 sediments supported higher diatom abundances under the HSAV compared to the same treatment from the EW wetland suggesting that possibly grain size or texture might be responsible. In contrast, sediments from EW under LSAV conditions showed higher diatom cell numbers possibly indicating that increased water depth has the propensity to support greater diatom assemblages compared with the same water level for sediments from 1592. The results indicate that microalgae community is influenced by sediment type more than it is by water level. From this study it was also established that microalgae were able to reemerge from their dormancy state upon inundation and that tank experiments were successful in simulating natural ephemeral wetland conditions. The findings from this study will add to the available baseline data on microalgal dynamics in the ephemeral wetlands in South Africa, especially in semi-arid areas. This information can be valuable in enhancing our understanding regarding the role of microalgae in ephemeral wetlands in order to conserve them.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Mazwane, Sixolile
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Microalgae -- South Africa , Wetland conservation -- South Africa Landscape ecology -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/22398 , vital:29966
- Description: Ephemeral wetlands serve as habitats for different fauna and flora. Microalgae make up a bulk of primary production in newly inundated wetlands and have a big influence on the aquatic community structure. As ephemeral wetlands have cyclical drying and wetting phases, algal species found in these habitats have evolved adaptations (i.e. dormancy and cysts) to survive during dry periods and become productive upon inundation. Algae have been used as ecological indicators in many aquatic ecosystems including wetlands, particularly associated with water quality and with varying inundation states. Whilst temperature and water level have been shown to affect microalgal biomass independently, this study aims to assess the effects of these two factors simultaneously on microalgal biomass, species diversity and community changes. The aim of the study was to investigate microalgal dynamics using two ephemeral wetlands in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. The growth response patterns of microalgal communities to varying temperatures and inundation levels through experiments using dry temporary wetland sediments was also assessed. Dry sediments were collected from two depression wetlands with different sediment characteristics (1592 and Elephant Wallow (EW)). The study consisted of replicated treatments with three different surface area: volume ratios (SA:V) (Low surface area: volume (LSAV), Medium (MSAV) and High (HSAV)), inundated with distilled water. The microcosms were placed inside a Conviron environmental growth chamber and illuminated at between 106 to 138 μmol.m-2s-1, with a 12:12 light-dark cycle at constant temperatures of 12 °C (mean winter) and 22 °C (mean summer). Physicochemical data were recorded, and biological samples were collected every 4 days over a 28-day inundation period. In the field, Electrical conductivity (EC) and pH showed a gradual increase over the inundation period. The systems were well oxygenated (6-10 mg L-1). Overall, phytoplankton biomass in the field was ~10 μg L-1 whereas benthic biomass (MPB) was significantly higher 10 – 300 mg L-1. Within the experiments, the phytoplankton biomass showed a pattern while MPB biomass increased gradually for both experiments. There were no significant (p>0.05) differences between the 1592 and EW phytoplankton biomass. However, the MPB biomass showed significant (p<0.05) differences between the two sediments (EW high, 1592 low) and the experiments, respectively. In the winter experiment, the 1592 sediment had high phytoplankton biomass compared to EW, the reverse was observed for the MPB biomass. In summer experiment, similar results were observed in terms of phytoplankton biomass. For the MPBs, 1592 had greater biomass for all treatments compared to EW. The phytoplankton community for both field samples and experiments was dominated by chlorophytes (>50 %), followed by cyanophytes and euglenophytes (with cryptophytes in summer experiment) for both field and experiments. The MPB community was dominated by bacillariophytes (55 %) and chlorophytes (25 %) in the 1592 sediments and this was also the case with EW sediments bacillariophytes (70 %), although cyanophytes (15 %) made up the remainder of the MPB community. The 1592 sediments supported higher diatom abundances under the HSAV compared to the same treatment from the EW wetland suggesting that possibly grain size or texture might be responsible. In contrast, sediments from EW under LSAV conditions showed higher diatom cell numbers possibly indicating that increased water depth has the propensity to support greater diatom assemblages compared with the same water level for sediments from 1592. The results indicate that microalgae community is influenced by sediment type more than it is by water level. From this study it was also established that microalgae were able to reemerge from their dormancy state upon inundation and that tank experiments were successful in simulating natural ephemeral wetland conditions. The findings from this study will add to the available baseline data on microalgal dynamics in the ephemeral wetlands in South Africa, especially in semi-arid areas. This information can be valuable in enhancing our understanding regarding the role of microalgae in ephemeral wetlands in order to conserve them.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Cytogenetic studies of Pseudobarbus and selected Barbus (Pisces: Cyprinidae) of southern Africa
- Authors: Naran, Daksha
- Date: 1997
- Subjects: Cyprinidae
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5252 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005095 , Cyprinidae
- Description: The aim of this study was to explore the karyology of temperate southern African barbine species in order to determine the extent and significance of polyploidy within the species. The study presents an optimised in vivo karyological protocol for the small barbines. The analysis of chromosomal data was explored using two approaches; measured (quantitative) and visual (qualitative). The karyology of 16 species of Barbus and six species of Pseudobarbus (Pisces: Cyprinidae) is reported. The study represents an almost complete (22/23 species) karyological survey of the temperate barbines. Chromosome number, arm numbers (NF) are recorded and karyotype morphology described for all species. Nucleolar organiser regions (NOR)s of 18 species have been examined by silver staining. Seven different AgNOR phenotypes occur among the species examined. Chromosome complements of the different species indicate at least three ploidy levels; diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid. Higher ploidy levels are represented in 78% (18/23) of species within the temperate fauna. This finding is remarkable, in the light of global proportions of cyprinid karyotypes, and provides an opportunity to shed further light on the evolution of polyploidy in barbine cyprinids. Results show that morphologically defined species complexes have distinct karyotypes, and most probably form cohesive phyletic clades. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using traditional morphological characters and tested against karyological data. The results suggests that similar ploidy states do not necessarily indicate close relationship between species. This supports a hypothesis of polyphyly for the African barbine cyprinids and also provides independent support for species complexes such as the "chubbyhead barb group" and the Pseudobarbus lineage. The broader implications of karyological findings are discussed within the context of African barbines and recommendations for further cytogenetic research are provided.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1997
- Authors: Naran, Daksha
- Date: 1997
- Subjects: Cyprinidae
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5252 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005095 , Cyprinidae
- Description: The aim of this study was to explore the karyology of temperate southern African barbine species in order to determine the extent and significance of polyploidy within the species. The study presents an optimised in vivo karyological protocol for the small barbines. The analysis of chromosomal data was explored using two approaches; measured (quantitative) and visual (qualitative). The karyology of 16 species of Barbus and six species of Pseudobarbus (Pisces: Cyprinidae) is reported. The study represents an almost complete (22/23 species) karyological survey of the temperate barbines. Chromosome number, arm numbers (NF) are recorded and karyotype morphology described for all species. Nucleolar organiser regions (NOR)s of 18 species have been examined by silver staining. Seven different AgNOR phenotypes occur among the species examined. Chromosome complements of the different species indicate at least three ploidy levels; diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid. Higher ploidy levels are represented in 78% (18/23) of species within the temperate fauna. This finding is remarkable, in the light of global proportions of cyprinid karyotypes, and provides an opportunity to shed further light on the evolution of polyploidy in barbine cyprinids. Results show that morphologically defined species complexes have distinct karyotypes, and most probably form cohesive phyletic clades. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using traditional morphological characters and tested against karyological data. The results suggests that similar ploidy states do not necessarily indicate close relationship between species. This supports a hypothesis of polyphyly for the African barbine cyprinids and also provides independent support for species complexes such as the "chubbyhead barb group" and the Pseudobarbus lineage. The broader implications of karyological findings are discussed within the context of African barbines and recommendations for further cytogenetic research are provided.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1997