The design of the Nelson Mandela presidential library on constitutional hill
- Authors: Diesel, Devon
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Library architecture -- South Africa -- Johannesburg , Library buildings -- South Africa -- Johannesburg
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MArch
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/40435 , vital:36165
- Description: The ideology of society can be argued to the main generation of the spatal coding and structuring of the city. it is thus spatal and physical remnants of past ideologies that form the ideological legacy as a product. The product with determines the lived experience of society in the city today. this study examines the nature of space as a socio-spatial construct of the ideological legacy of society and how in turn this legacy affects the physical and spatal manifestation of the lived experience of a society with a contrasting ideology, within the city of current Johannesburg.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Diesel, Devon
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Library architecture -- South Africa -- Johannesburg , Library buildings -- South Africa -- Johannesburg
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MArch
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/40435 , vital:36165
- Description: The ideology of society can be argued to the main generation of the spatal coding and structuring of the city. it is thus spatal and physical remnants of past ideologies that form the ideological legacy as a product. The product with determines the lived experience of society in the city today. this study examines the nature of space as a socio-spatial construct of the ideological legacy of society and how in turn this legacy affects the physical and spatal manifestation of the lived experience of a society with a contrasting ideology, within the city of current Johannesburg.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Contour plan of the city of Grahamstown, 1934
- AWM, Hodge, W M
- Authors: AWM , Hodge, W M
- Date: 1934
- Subjects: f-sa , 1 inch = 10 miles 30.5595° S, 22.9375° E , Grahamstown (South Africa) Maps , South Africa History 1909-1961 Maps
- Language: English
- Type: maps , digital maps , cartographic
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/105746 , vital:32564 , Cory Library for Humanities Research, Rhodes University Library, Grahamstown, South Africa , MP240
- Description: Contour plan of the City of Grahamstown; drawn by A.W.M. Checked by W.A. Hodge, June 1934
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1934
- Authors: AWM , Hodge, W M
- Date: 1934
- Subjects: f-sa , 1 inch = 10 miles 30.5595° S, 22.9375° E , Grahamstown (South Africa) Maps , South Africa History 1909-1961 Maps
- Language: English
- Type: maps , digital maps , cartographic
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/105746 , vital:32564 , Cory Library for Humanities Research, Rhodes University Library, Grahamstown, South Africa , MP240
- Description: Contour plan of the City of Grahamstown; drawn by A.W.M. Checked by W.A. Hodge, June 1934
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1934
Kent Villa, Rondebosch by W.L.
- Subjects: Rondebosch (South Africa)-- History -- Photographs
- Type: Image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/28682 , vital:23672 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017. , PIC/A 2718_22
- Description: Album of photographs,[collected by W.L. (?) perhaps W. Lawrence (?)] covering the following subjects: (1) Rhodesia; (2) Cape Town; (3) Cape Colony; (4) Mines; (5) Ships; (6) Misc.; (7) People. 1897-1899. , Gold Fields of South Africa Ltd. (donor)
- Full Text: false
- Subjects: Rondebosch (South Africa)-- History -- Photographs
- Type: Image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/28682 , vital:23672 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017. , PIC/A 2718_22
- Description: Album of photographs,[collected by W.L. (?) perhaps W. Lawrence (?)] covering the following subjects: (1) Rhodesia; (2) Cape Town; (3) Cape Colony; (4) Mines; (5) Ships; (6) Misc.; (7) People. 1897-1899. , Gold Fields of South Africa Ltd. (donor)
- Full Text: false
Plan of the City of Grahamstown
- Grahamstown (South Africa). City Engineer's Department, Marshall, A W
- Authors: Grahamstown (South Africa). City Engineer's Department , Marshall, A W
- Date: 1934
- Subjects: unavailable 30.5595° S, 22.9375° E , Grahamstown (South Africa) Maps , South Africa History 1910-1961 Maps
- Language: English
- Type: maps , digital maps , cartographic
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/115902 , vital:34265 , Cory Library for Humanities Research, Rhodes University Library, Grahamstown, South Africa , MP1802
- Description: Plan of the City of Grahamstown, 1934 prepared by A W Marshall, City Engineer's Department.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1934
- Authors: Grahamstown (South Africa). City Engineer's Department , Marshall, A W
- Date: 1934
- Subjects: unavailable 30.5595° S, 22.9375° E , Grahamstown (South Africa) Maps , South Africa History 1910-1961 Maps
- Language: English
- Type: maps , digital maps , cartographic
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/115902 , vital:34265 , Cory Library for Humanities Research, Rhodes University Library, Grahamstown, South Africa , MP1802
- Description: Plan of the City of Grahamstown, 1934 prepared by A W Marshall, City Engineer's Department.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1934
View of the new waterworks, Cradock, 22 April 1928
- Authors: Lidbetter, William Walpole
- Date: 1928-04-22
- Subjects: Water treatment plants -- South Africa -- Cradock -- Photographs Cradock (South Africa) -- History -- Photographs
- Type: still image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/56483 , vital:26796 , This glass negative is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. , PIC/S 4657
- Description: Glass negative : Views of the new waterworks, Cradock, 22 April 1928.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1928-04-22
- Authors: Lidbetter, William Walpole
- Date: 1928-04-22
- Subjects: Water treatment plants -- South Africa -- Cradock -- Photographs Cradock (South Africa) -- History -- Photographs
- Type: still image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/56483 , vital:26796 , This glass negative is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. , PIC/S 4657
- Description: Glass negative : Views of the new waterworks, Cradock, 22 April 1928.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1928-04-22
Visit of JBM Hertzog to Cradock on 22 October 1937
- Authors: Lidbetter, William Walpole
- Date: 1937-10-22
- Subjects: Cradock (South Africa) -- History -- Photographs Hertzog, James Barry Munnik, 1866-1942
- Type: still image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/56557 , vital:26804 , This glass negative is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. , PIC/S 4695
- Description: Negatives : Four views taken during the visit of J. B .M. Hertzog to Cradock on 22 October 1937.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1937-10-22
- Authors: Lidbetter, William Walpole
- Date: 1937-10-22
- Subjects: Cradock (South Africa) -- History -- Photographs Hertzog, James Barry Munnik, 1866-1942
- Type: still image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/56557 , vital:26804 , This glass negative is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. , PIC/S 4695
- Description: Negatives : Four views taken during the visit of J. B .M. Hertzog to Cradock on 22 October 1937.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1937-10-22
View of the new waterworks, Cradock, 22 April 1928
- Authors: Lidbetter, William Walpole
- Date: 1928-04-22
- Subjects: Water treatment plants -- South Africa -- Cradock -- Photographs Cradock (South Africa) -- History -- Photographs
- Type: still image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/56493 , vital:26797 , This glass negative is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. , PIC/S 4657
- Description: Glass negative : Views of the new waterworks, Cradock, 22 April 1928.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1928-04-22
- Authors: Lidbetter, William Walpole
- Date: 1928-04-22
- Subjects: Water treatment plants -- South Africa -- Cradock -- Photographs Cradock (South Africa) -- History -- Photographs
- Type: still image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/56493 , vital:26797 , This glass negative is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. , PIC/S 4657
- Description: Glass negative : Views of the new waterworks, Cradock, 22 April 1928.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1928-04-22
Report writing manual
- LACOM
- Authors: LACOM
- Subjects: LACOM
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/139508 , vital:37745
- Description: For a number of years the Cape Town branch of the LACOM project has conducted workshops on report-writing, notetaking and minute-taking. Through this manual we hope to share our experience in these areas with a wider group of people. We know that a number of manuals already exist on these topics, so why have we decided to write yet another one? This manual is different. It is especially helpful for facilitators who are organising and conducting report-writing and note-taking workshops. This is because this manual gives practical details on how to help people write reports and what methods to use in workshops. But this manual can also be used as a reference and follow-up for people who have attended these workshops.
- Full Text:
- Authors: LACOM
- Subjects: LACOM
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/139508 , vital:37745
- Description: For a number of years the Cape Town branch of the LACOM project has conducted workshops on report-writing, notetaking and minute-taking. Through this manual we hope to share our experience in these areas with a wider group of people. We know that a number of manuals already exist on these topics, so why have we decided to write yet another one? This manual is different. It is especially helpful for facilitators who are organising and conducting report-writing and note-taking workshops. This is because this manual gives practical details on how to help people write reports and what methods to use in workshops. But this manual can also be used as a reference and follow-up for people who have attended these workshops.
- Full Text:
Effect of a low density dust shell on the propagation of gravitational waves:
- Bishop, Nigel T, van der Walt, Petrus J, Naidoo, Monos
- Authors: Bishop, Nigel T , van der Walt, Petrus J , Naidoo, Monos
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/159935 , vital:40357 , https://0-doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.1007/s10714-020-02740-9
- Description: Using the Bondi-Sachs formalism, the problem of a gravitational wave source surrounded by a spherical dust shell is considered. Using linearized perturbation theory, the geometry is found in the regions: in the shell, exterior to the shell, and interior to the shell. It is found that the dust shell causes the gravitational wave to be modified both in magnitude and phase, but without any energy being transferred to or from the dust.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Bishop, Nigel T , van der Walt, Petrus J , Naidoo, Monos
- Date: 2020
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/159935 , vital:40357 , https://0-doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.1007/s10714-020-02740-9
- Description: Using the Bondi-Sachs formalism, the problem of a gravitational wave source surrounded by a spherical dust shell is considered. Using linearized perturbation theory, the geometry is found in the regions: in the shell, exterior to the shell, and interior to the shell. It is found that the dust shell causes the gravitational wave to be modified both in magnitude and phase, but without any energy being transferred to or from the dust.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Zilo
- Mozula Manzali with chief Gatanga Mongonika and Zande men (Performer), Composer not specified
- Authors: Mozula Manzali with chief Gatanga Mongonika and Zande men (Performer) , Composer not specified
- Subjects: Topical , Folk , Vertical angular harp , Kundi , handclapping , Chief Gataga's village , Nguru , Buta , Northern Congo , Belgian Congo (Democratic Republic of Congo)
- Type: Sound , Music
- Identifier: vital:15294 , MOA22-13 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017440 , MOA22
- Description: Topical folk by Mozula Manzali, with chief Gatanga, Mongonika and Zande men, accompanied by Kundi 5-stringed vertical angular harp and handclapping , This recording is held at the International Library of African Music. For further information contact ilamlibrary@ru.ac.za , This recording was digitised by the International Library of African Music , Original format: 15ips reel , Equipment used in digitisation: Studer B 67 Tape Recorder; Nagra III , Software: Sound Forge V.6 , Sample rate: 44100Hz 16Bit Stereo
- Full Text: false
- Authors: Mozula Manzali with chief Gatanga Mongonika and Zande men (Performer) , Composer not specified
- Subjects: Topical , Folk , Vertical angular harp , Kundi , handclapping , Chief Gataga's village , Nguru , Buta , Northern Congo , Belgian Congo (Democratic Republic of Congo)
- Type: Sound , Music
- Identifier: vital:15294 , MOA22-13 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017440 , MOA22
- Description: Topical folk by Mozula Manzali, with chief Gatanga, Mongonika and Zande men, accompanied by Kundi 5-stringed vertical angular harp and handclapping , This recording is held at the International Library of African Music. For further information contact ilamlibrary@ru.ac.za , This recording was digitised by the International Library of African Music , Original format: 15ips reel , Equipment used in digitisation: Studer B 67 Tape Recorder; Nagra III , Software: Sound Forge V.6 , Sample rate: 44100Hz 16Bit Stereo
- Full Text: false
Studies in carangid fishes no. 4: the identity of Scomber Sansun Forsskal, 1775
- Smith, J.L.B. (James Leonard Brierley), 1897-1968
- Authors: Smith, J.L.B. (James Leonard Brierley), 1897-1968
- Date: 1986
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:15050 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020232
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1986
- Authors: Smith, J.L.B. (James Leonard Brierley), 1897-1968
- Date: 1986
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:15050 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020232
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1986
Woman in traditional clothes
- Subjects: African people -- Photographs
- Type: Image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/22460 , vital:23035 , PIC/A 2722_22 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017.
- Full Text: false
- Subjects: African people -- Photographs
- Type: Image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/22460 , vital:23035 , PIC/A 2722_22 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017.
- Full Text: false
Photos St Peter Claver's Nursery.22
- Subjects: Foster children -- South Africa , St Peter Claver's Nursery School (Grahamstown, South Africa) , Fingo Village (Grahamstown, South Africa) -- Social conditions , Child welfare
- Type: still image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/46617 , vital:25629 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017. , PIC/M 7229
- Full Text: false
- Subjects: Foster children -- South Africa , St Peter Claver's Nursery School (Grahamstown, South Africa) , Fingo Village (Grahamstown, South Africa) -- Social conditions , Child welfare
- Type: still image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/46617 , vital:25629 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017. , PIC/M 7229
- Full Text: false
Floweday family, Ted in sailor suit, ca. 1910
- Subjects: Butler, Guy, 1918-2001 -- Photographs Butler family -- Photographs
- Type: still image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/43124 , vital:25269 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017. , PIC/M 4943/11.22
- Full Text: false
- Subjects: Butler, Guy, 1918-2001 -- Photographs Butler family -- Photographs
- Type: still image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/43124 , vital:25269 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017. , PIC/M 4943/11.22
- Full Text: false
Jean Butler, nee Satchwell, with Peggy Sutherns, 1937
- Date: 1937
- Subjects: Butler, Guy, 1918-2001 -- Photographs Butler family -- Photographs Butler, Jean -- Photographs
- Type: Image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/41780 , vital:25129 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017. , PIC/M 4943/10.22
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1937
- Date: 1937
- Subjects: Butler, Guy, 1918-2001 -- Photographs Butler family -- Photographs Butler, Jean -- Photographs
- Type: Image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/41780 , vital:25129 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017. , PIC/M 4943/10.22
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1937
Map of Stellaland
- Authors: Lavertine, R A
- Date: 1842
- Subjects: f-sa , Scale 1 inch = 10 English miles 30.5595° S, 22.9375° E , Stellaland (South Africa) Maps , South Africa History 1836-1909 Maps
- Language: English
- Type: maps , digital maps , cartographic
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/105218 , vital:32478 , Cory Library for Humanities Research, Rhodes University Library, Grahamstown, South Africa , MP416a
- Description: Map of Stellaland showing the surrounding territories signed by R.A. Lavertine,[1884]
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1842
- Authors: Lavertine, R A
- Date: 1842
- Subjects: f-sa , Scale 1 inch = 10 English miles 30.5595° S, 22.9375° E , Stellaland (South Africa) Maps , South Africa History 1836-1909 Maps
- Language: English
- Type: maps , digital maps , cartographic
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/105218 , vital:32478 , Cory Library for Humanities Research, Rhodes University Library, Grahamstown, South Africa , MP416a
- Description: Map of Stellaland showing the surrounding territories signed by R.A. Lavertine,[1884]
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1842
Unidentified man wearing a suit, reading a paper at a house
- Subjects: Butler, Guy, 1918-2001 -- Photographs Butler family -- Photographs
- Type: still image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/43867 , vital:25347 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017. , PIC/M 4943/12.22
- Full Text: false
- Subjects: Butler, Guy, 1918-2001 -- Photographs Butler family -- Photographs
- Type: still image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/43867 , vital:25347 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017. , PIC/M 4943/12.22
- Full Text: false
Photograph entitled "Women and children flee in cattle trucks"
- Nicholls, Horace W. (Horace Walter), 1867-1941
- Authors: Nicholls, Horace W. (Horace Walter), 1867-1941
- Date: 1895?
- Subjects: Transvaal (South Africa) -- History -- 1880-1910 -- Photographs Jameson's Raid, 1895-1896 -- Photographs
- Type: Image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/22862 , vital:23078 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017. , PIC/A 2715-22
- Description: Photograph entitled "Women and children flee in cattle trucks" showing a number of women and children on a train ; there are three men in the foreground. , Gold Fields of South Africa Ltd. (Donor)
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1895?
- Authors: Nicholls, Horace W. (Horace Walter), 1867-1941
- Date: 1895?
- Subjects: Transvaal (South Africa) -- History -- 1880-1910 -- Photographs Jameson's Raid, 1895-1896 -- Photographs
- Type: Image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/22862 , vital:23078 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017. , PIC/A 2715-22
- Description: Photograph entitled "Women and children flee in cattle trucks" showing a number of women and children on a train ; there are three men in the foreground. , Gold Fields of South Africa Ltd. (Donor)
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1895?
Basotho servants
- Subjects: Zululand -- History -- Photographs Sotho (African people) -- Social life and customs
- Type: still image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/26341 , vital:23432 , PIC/A 4291 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017.
- Description: Album relating to the Zulu people of Zululand in the Natal Province during the years 1930-31 and 1934, taken at various places, including Chads College, Ladysmith; Springfield, Mooirivier; the Leytown Pohams House ("Hemrock"), Nottingham Road; Umlazi Mission; Etalaneni; Kwamagwaza; on the way to Biyela : mainly photographs, some original, some photocopies, with descriptive text in some cases / photographer unknown. 50 Hhotographs in one album : b+w (some sepia), 22 cm x 10 cm or less.
- Full Text: false
- Subjects: Zululand -- History -- Photographs Sotho (African people) -- Social life and customs
- Type: still image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/26341 , vital:23432 , PIC/A 4291 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017.
- Description: Album relating to the Zulu people of Zululand in the Natal Province during the years 1930-31 and 1934, taken at various places, including Chads College, Ladysmith; Springfield, Mooirivier; the Leytown Pohams House ("Hemrock"), Nottingham Road; Umlazi Mission; Etalaneni; Kwamagwaza; on the way to Biyela : mainly photographs, some original, some photocopies, with descriptive text in some cases / photographer unknown. 50 Hhotographs in one album : b+w (some sepia), 22 cm x 10 cm or less.
- Full Text: false
The application of rheological techniques in the characterization of semisolids in the pharmaceutical industry
- Authors: Jaganath, Nelesh
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: Drugs -- Dosage forms , Rheology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:10128 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/380 , Drugs -- Dosage forms , Rheology
- Description: Rheological characterization of pharmaceutical semisolids is of importance as it provides fundamental information required for the assessment of some of the final properties of a product such as viscosity, elasticity, quality and storage stability. The effect of formulation variables on product characteristics such as consistency and correlation of consumer evaluation of consistency can also be attained. (Ramachandran et al., 1999) This study focussed on using rheological techniques to fully characterize the properties of various semisolid formulations being developed or produced at a South African-based generic pharmaceutical company. Various tests were employed to characterize the semisolid dosage forms (creams and ointments), including continuous shear tests such as flow and viscosity curves and yield point measurements, oscillatory tests such as amplitude and frequency sweeps, as well as step and temperature ramp tests. A method to determine justifiable and meaningful viscosity specifications was developed, where excellent reproducibility of results were obtained when compared to the single-point viscosity determinations usually used. An evaluation as to whether rheology can be utilized as an assessment tool for product stability revealed varying results, with the oscillation-frequency sweep test displaying modest predictive capabilities. Observable differences in rheological character were found when evaluating ointment formulations exhibiting deviating quality characteristics. When analysing the effect of varying processing parameters, namely, cooling rate and mixing speed, during the manufacture of a cream, statistically significant rheological differences were obtained, while a thorough characterization of a scale-up procedure was also achieved upon analysis of various rheological properties.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Jaganath, Nelesh
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: Drugs -- Dosage forms , Rheology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:10128 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/380 , Drugs -- Dosage forms , Rheology
- Description: Rheological characterization of pharmaceutical semisolids is of importance as it provides fundamental information required for the assessment of some of the final properties of a product such as viscosity, elasticity, quality and storage stability. The effect of formulation variables on product characteristics such as consistency and correlation of consumer evaluation of consistency can also be attained. (Ramachandran et al., 1999) This study focussed on using rheological techniques to fully characterize the properties of various semisolid formulations being developed or produced at a South African-based generic pharmaceutical company. Various tests were employed to characterize the semisolid dosage forms (creams and ointments), including continuous shear tests such as flow and viscosity curves and yield point measurements, oscillatory tests such as amplitude and frequency sweeps, as well as step and temperature ramp tests. A method to determine justifiable and meaningful viscosity specifications was developed, where excellent reproducibility of results were obtained when compared to the single-point viscosity determinations usually used. An evaluation as to whether rheology can be utilized as an assessment tool for product stability revealed varying results, with the oscillation-frequency sweep test displaying modest predictive capabilities. Observable differences in rheological character were found when evaluating ointment formulations exhibiting deviating quality characteristics. When analysing the effect of varying processing parameters, namely, cooling rate and mixing speed, during the manufacture of a cream, statistically significant rheological differences were obtained, while a thorough characterization of a scale-up procedure was also achieved upon analysis of various rheological properties.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004