Dikalo
- Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal), Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars), Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar), Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar), Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard), Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus), Priscilia Ngando (composer), Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard), Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum), Moussa Haissam
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Priscilia Ngando (composer) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130836 , vital:36486 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-03
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Priscilia Ngando (composer) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130836 , vital:36486 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-03
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Divine
- Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal), Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars), Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar), Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar), Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard), Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus), Priscilia Ngando (composer), Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard), Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum), Moussa Haissam
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Priscilia Ngando (composer) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: English , French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130891 , vital:36495 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-09
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Priscilia Ngando (composer) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: English , French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130891 , vital:36495 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-09
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Je Chante
- Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal), Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars), Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar), Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar), Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard), Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus), Priscilia Ngando (composer), Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard), Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum), Moussa Haissam
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Priscilia Ngando (composer) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130896 , vital:36496 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-10
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Priscilia Ngando (composer) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130896 , vital:36496 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-10
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Nani Bwabongo
- Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal), Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars), Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar), Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar), Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard), Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus), Cyrille Baudoin Koudh (composer), Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard), Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum), Moussa Haissam
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Cyrille Baudoin Koudh (composer) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130792 , vital:36479 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-02
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Cyrille Baudoin Koudh (composer) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130792 , vital:36479 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-02
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Hi Life Asta
- Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal), Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars), Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar), Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar), Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard), Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus), Moussa Haissam (composer), Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard), Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum), Moussa Haissam
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Moussa Haissam (composer) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130851 , vital:36489 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-05
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Moussa Haissam (composer) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130851 , vital:36489 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-05
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Pour Mieux t'Aimer
- Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal), Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars), Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar), Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar), Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard), Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus), Moussa Haissam, Nana Mouskouri, Priscilia Ngando (composers), Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard), Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum), Moussa Haissam
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Moussa Haissam, Nana Mouskouri, Priscilia Ngando (composers) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130846 , vital:36488 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-04
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Moussa Haissam, Nana Mouskouri, Priscilia Ngando (composers) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130846 , vital:36488 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-04
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Mumi Na Muto
- Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal), Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars), Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar), Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar), Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard), Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus), Danger Ngando Konne, Moussa Haissam (composers), Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard), Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum), Moussa Haissam
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Danger Ngando Konne, Moussa Haissam (composers) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130873 , vital:36492 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-07
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Danger Ngando Konne, Moussa Haissam (composers) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130873 , vital:36492 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-07
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Osipope
- Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal), Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars), Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar), Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar), Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard), Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus), Moussa Haissam, Danger Ngando Konne (composers), Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard), Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum), Moussa Haissam
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Moussa Haissam, Danger Ngando Konne (composers) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130783 , vital:36478 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-01
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Moussa Haissam, Danger Ngando Konne (composers) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130783 , vital:36478 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-01
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Bomane Mba
- Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal), Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars), Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar), Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar), Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard), Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus), Danger Ngando Konne, Moussa Haissam (composers), Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard), Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum), Moussa Haissam
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Danger Ngando Konne, Moussa Haissam (composers) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130864 , vital:36490 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-06
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Danger Ngando Konne, Moussa Haissam (composers) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130864 , vital:36490 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-06
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
A Mbo Da Mondjo
- Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal), Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars), Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar), Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar), Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard), Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus), Moussa Haissam,Penda Dalle (composers), Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard), Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum), Moussa Haissam
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Moussa Haissam,Penda Dalle (composers) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130882 , vital:36494 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-08
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Priscilia Ngando (lead vocal) , Mevio-Mayo, Dany Mouanga, Mouasso (rhythm guitars) , Aubin Sandjo, Scorpionkabambay, Mouche Bass (bass guitar) , Dany Mouanga, Eric Sefu (solo guitar) , Aubin Sandjo, Paul Balong (keyboard) , Abel Massock, Fabo Claude, Nono (chorus) , Moussa Haissam,Penda Dalle (composers) , Aubin Sandjo (drum, percussion, keyboard) , Alhadji Mallam Issa (talking drum) , Moussa Haissam
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Cameroon Yaounde f-cm
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/130882 , vital:36494 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC47-08
- Description: Popular songs from Cameroon, featuring female vocal accompanied by keyboard, chorus, guitar, percussion and talking drum, playing West and Central African rhythms
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Review of the African distribution of the brine shrimp genus Artemia
- Kaiser, Horst, Gordon, Andrew K, Paulet, T G
- Authors: Kaiser, Horst , Gordon, Andrew K , Paulet, T G
- Date: 2006
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6765 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007963
- Description: Brine shrimp (genus Artemia) are small (8 to 12 mm long) cosmopolitan crustaceans (Anostraca) found predominately in hypersaline water bodies such as inland salt lakes and pans, coastal lagoons, and salt works at salinity levels above 40 g(.)l[superscript(-1)]. They have been extensively studied due to their high monetary value as food for larval fish in aquaculture and their unique reproductive strategies. Brine shrimp occur as either bisexual species or as parthenogenetic populations. Despite published reviews of their world-wide distribution little is known about their occurrence in Africa. This review adds new information about 70 African Artemia sites and lists 26 potential sites and their coordinates. Sixteen sites in Southern Africa and Namibia were visited during a collecting trip, and new information on the reproductive mode of nine of these sites is given. Several South African populations exhibit bisexual reproduction. In Namibia there are two parthenogenetic populations (Walvis Bay and Swartkops) and an additional bisexual population (Hentie's Bay). A mixed population (bisexual and parthenogenetic reproduction at the same site) was found at Coega, South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
- Authors: Kaiser, Horst , Gordon, Andrew K , Paulet, T G
- Date: 2006
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6765 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007963
- Description: Brine shrimp (genus Artemia) are small (8 to 12 mm long) cosmopolitan crustaceans (Anostraca) found predominately in hypersaline water bodies such as inland salt lakes and pans, coastal lagoons, and salt works at salinity levels above 40 g(.)l[superscript(-1)]. They have been extensively studied due to their high monetary value as food for larval fish in aquaculture and their unique reproductive strategies. Brine shrimp occur as either bisexual species or as parthenogenetic populations. Despite published reviews of their world-wide distribution little is known about their occurrence in Africa. This review adds new information about 70 African Artemia sites and lists 26 potential sites and their coordinates. Sixteen sites in Southern Africa and Namibia were visited during a collecting trip, and new information on the reproductive mode of nine of these sites is given. Several South African populations exhibit bisexual reproduction. In Namibia there are two parthenogenetic populations (Walvis Bay and Swartkops) and an additional bisexual population (Hentie's Bay). A mixed population (bisexual and parthenogenetic reproduction at the same site) was found at Coega, South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
Review of the African distribution of the brine shrimp genus Artemia
- Kaiser, Horst, Gordon, A K, Paulet, T G
- Authors: Kaiser, Horst , Gordon, A K , Paulet, T G
- Date: 2006
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7081 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012335
- Description: Brine shrimp (genus Artemia) are small (8 to 12 mm long) cosmopolitan crustaceans (Anostraca) found predominately in hypersaline water bodies such as inland salt lakes and pans, coastal lagoons, and salt works at salinity levels above 40 g(.)l[superscript(-1)]. They have been extensively studied due to their high monetary value as food for larval fish in aquaculture and their unique reproductive strategies. Brine shrimp occur as either bisexual species or as parthenogenetic populations. Despite published reviews of their world-wide distribution little is known about their occurrence in Africa. This review adds new information about 70 African Artemia sites and lists 26 potential sites and their coordinates. Sixteen sites in Southern Africa and Namibia were visited during a collecting trip, and new information on the reproductive mode of nine of these sites is given. Several South African populations exhibit bisexual reproduction. In Namibia there are two parthenogenetic populations (Walvis Bay and Swartkops) and an additional bisexual population (Hentie's Bay). A mixed population (bisexual and parthenogenetic reproduction at the same site) was found at Coega, South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
- Authors: Kaiser, Horst , Gordon, A K , Paulet, T G
- Date: 2006
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7081 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012335
- Description: Brine shrimp (genus Artemia) are small (8 to 12 mm long) cosmopolitan crustaceans (Anostraca) found predominately in hypersaline water bodies such as inland salt lakes and pans, coastal lagoons, and salt works at salinity levels above 40 g(.)l[superscript(-1)]. They have been extensively studied due to their high monetary value as food for larval fish in aquaculture and their unique reproductive strategies. Brine shrimp occur as either bisexual species or as parthenogenetic populations. Despite published reviews of their world-wide distribution little is known about their occurrence in Africa. This review adds new information about 70 African Artemia sites and lists 26 potential sites and their coordinates. Sixteen sites in Southern Africa and Namibia were visited during a collecting trip, and new information on the reproductive mode of nine of these sites is given. Several South African populations exhibit bisexual reproduction. In Namibia there are two parthenogenetic populations (Walvis Bay and Swartkops) and an additional bisexual population (Hentie's Bay). A mixed population (bisexual and parthenogenetic reproduction at the same site) was found at Coega, South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
The role of microzooplankton in carbon cycling in the Southern Ocean
- Authors: Froneman, Pierre William
- Date: 1996
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:21066 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6234
- Description: A 3-year study was carried out on the role of microzooplankton in carbon cycling in the south Atlantic and the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. Microzooplankton grazing impact on phytoplankton was estimated during austral summer and winter employing the dilution technique. Carnivory by larger zooplankton on microzooplankton during summer was estimated using in vitro incubations. Microzooplankton assemblages were always dominated by protozoans comprising ciliates and dinoflagellates. In the ( 20 um chlorophyll fraction, microzooplankton grazing was sufficient to control the growth of the nano- and picophytoplankton suggesting that, where larger microphytoplankton cells dominate, micro zooplankton maintain the background concentrations of the nano- and picophytoplankton. During winter, when small nano- and picophytoplankton cells dominate total chlorophyll concentrations, the microzooplankton grazing impact on phytoplankton is dramatically increased. Microzooplankton removed on average 37% of the initial phytoplankton stock or 70% of the daily phytoplankton production. These results suggest that in winter, micro zooplankton are the main sink for phytoplankton production. Carnivory experiments conducted with selected meso- (copepods) and macro zooplankton (euphausiids and tunicates) showed that all species examined consumed micro zooplankton in the presence of substantial chlorophyll concentrations. Microzooplankton can, therefore, be regarded as trophic intermediates between bacterioplankton, small phytoplankton cells and larger zooplankton species in the Southern Ocean. The results of this investigation suggest a spatiotemporal shift in efficiency of the biological pump mediated by changes in the size composition of the phytoplankton assemblages. South of the Antarctic Polar Front (APF) large IV microphytoplankton cells dominate the summer chlorophyll biomass, suggesting that larger zooplankton grazers represent the main sink for phytoplankton production. Under these conditions, carbon flux to the interior of the ocean will be high due to diel vertical migrations by grazers and the production of large, fast sinking faecal pellets. The sedimentation of large phytoplankton cells also contributes to flux. In the permanently open waters south of the APF and throughout the Southern Ocean during winter, small phytoplankton cells dominate total chlorophyll, resulting in the microbial loop being the main sink for phytoplankton production. The close coupling between the micro zooplankton and the microbial loop dramatically reduces the transfer of organic carbon from the surface layers to depth. Carnivory by metazoans on microzooplankton may reduce the high grazing impact of micro zooplankton and, may also represent an important source of carbon flux originating from the microbial loop.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1996
- Authors: Froneman, Pierre William
- Date: 1996
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:21066 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6234
- Description: A 3-year study was carried out on the role of microzooplankton in carbon cycling in the south Atlantic and the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. Microzooplankton grazing impact on phytoplankton was estimated during austral summer and winter employing the dilution technique. Carnivory by larger zooplankton on microzooplankton during summer was estimated using in vitro incubations. Microzooplankton assemblages were always dominated by protozoans comprising ciliates and dinoflagellates. In the ( 20 um chlorophyll fraction, microzooplankton grazing was sufficient to control the growth of the nano- and picophytoplankton suggesting that, where larger microphytoplankton cells dominate, micro zooplankton maintain the background concentrations of the nano- and picophytoplankton. During winter, when small nano- and picophytoplankton cells dominate total chlorophyll concentrations, the microzooplankton grazing impact on phytoplankton is dramatically increased. Microzooplankton removed on average 37% of the initial phytoplankton stock or 70% of the daily phytoplankton production. These results suggest that in winter, micro zooplankton are the main sink for phytoplankton production. Carnivory experiments conducted with selected meso- (copepods) and macro zooplankton (euphausiids and tunicates) showed that all species examined consumed micro zooplankton in the presence of substantial chlorophyll concentrations. Microzooplankton can, therefore, be regarded as trophic intermediates between bacterioplankton, small phytoplankton cells and larger zooplankton species in the Southern Ocean. The results of this investigation suggest a spatiotemporal shift in efficiency of the biological pump mediated by changes in the size composition of the phytoplankton assemblages. South of the Antarctic Polar Front (APF) large IV microphytoplankton cells dominate the summer chlorophyll biomass, suggesting that larger zooplankton grazers represent the main sink for phytoplankton production. Under these conditions, carbon flux to the interior of the ocean will be high due to diel vertical migrations by grazers and the production of large, fast sinking faecal pellets. The sedimentation of large phytoplankton cells also contributes to flux. In the permanently open waters south of the APF and throughout the Southern Ocean during winter, small phytoplankton cells dominate total chlorophyll, resulting in the microbial loop being the main sink for phytoplankton production. The close coupling between the micro zooplankton and the microbial loop dramatically reduces the transfer of organic carbon from the surface layers to depth. Carnivory by metazoans on microzooplankton may reduce the high grazing impact of micro zooplankton and, may also represent an important source of carbon flux originating from the microbial loop.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1996
Ecological role of free-living bacteria in the microbial food web of the temporarily open/closed East Kleinemonde Estuary, South Africa
- Authors: Allan, Elizabeth Louise
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: Bacterial growth -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Estuarine ecology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Estuaries -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Microbial ecology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nutrient cycles -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Food chains (Ecology)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5666 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005351 , Bacterial growth -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Estuarine ecology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Estuaries -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Microbial ecology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nutrient cycles -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Food chains (Ecology)
- Description: The main aim of this study was to assess the “top-down” and “bottom-up” control of bacterial production in the small temporarily open/closed East Kleinemonde Estuary, situated on the south-eastern coastline of southern Africa. Spatial and temporal patterns in bacterial abundance, biomass and production and the importance of abiotic and biotic factors were investigated over the period May 2006 to April 2007. The trophic interactions between bacteria, phytoplankton, nanoflagellates (< 20 μm), microzooplankton (< 200 μm) and mesozooplankton (< 2 000 μm) were investigated during winter and summer. Bacterial abundance, biomass and production ranged between 1.00 × 10⁹ and 4.93 × 10⁹ cells 1⁻¹, 32.4 and 109 μg C 1⁻¹ and 0.01 and 1.99 μg C 1⁻¹ h⁻¹, respectively. With a few exceptions there were no spatial patterns in the values. Bacterial abundance, biomass and production, however, demonstrated a distinct temporal pattern with the lowest values consistently recorded during the winter months. Nanoflagellate and bacterial abundances were significantly correlated to one another (lower reaches: r = 0.818, p < 0.001; middle reaches: r = 0.628, p < 0.001; upper reaches: r = 0.484, p < 0.05) suggesting a strong predator-prey relationship. The frequency of visibly infected bacterial cells and the mean number of virus particles within each bacterial cell during this study demonstrated no temporal or spatial patterns and ranged from 0.5 to 6.1 % and 12.0 to 37.5 virus particles per bacterium, respectively. Viral infection and lysis was thus a constant source of bacterial mortality throughout the year. The estimated percentage of bacterial production removed by viral lysis ranged between 7.8 and 88.9% of the total which suggests that viral lysis represented a very important source of bacterial mortality during this study. The biological interactions between the selected components of the plankton community demonstrated that among the heterotrophic components of the plankton, the nanoflagellates were identified as the most important consumers of bacteria and small phytoplankton cells (< 20 μm). In the presence of microzooplankton the impact of the nanoflagellates on both the bacteria and phytoplankton was reduced, indicating that larger heterotrophs were preying upon the nanoflagellates. Mesozooplankton, however, appeared to exert the greatest impact on nanoflagellates. In the cascading experiments, the data suggest that mesozooplankton consume nanoflagellates, which resulted in a decrease in the predation impact of these organisms on the bacteria. This result is consistent with predator-prey cascades. The presence of the larger heterotrophs therefore, mediates the interactions between the primary bacterivores, the nanoflagellates, and the bacteria within the temporarily open/closed East Kleinemonde Estuary.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
- Authors: Allan, Elizabeth Louise
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: Bacterial growth -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Estuarine ecology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Estuaries -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Microbial ecology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nutrient cycles -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Food chains (Ecology)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5666 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005351 , Bacterial growth -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Estuarine ecology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Estuaries -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Microbial ecology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nutrient cycles -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Food chains (Ecology)
- Description: The main aim of this study was to assess the “top-down” and “bottom-up” control of bacterial production in the small temporarily open/closed East Kleinemonde Estuary, situated on the south-eastern coastline of southern Africa. Spatial and temporal patterns in bacterial abundance, biomass and production and the importance of abiotic and biotic factors were investigated over the period May 2006 to April 2007. The trophic interactions between bacteria, phytoplankton, nanoflagellates (< 20 μm), microzooplankton (< 200 μm) and mesozooplankton (< 2 000 μm) were investigated during winter and summer. Bacterial abundance, biomass and production ranged between 1.00 × 10⁹ and 4.93 × 10⁹ cells 1⁻¹, 32.4 and 109 μg C 1⁻¹ and 0.01 and 1.99 μg C 1⁻¹ h⁻¹, respectively. With a few exceptions there were no spatial patterns in the values. Bacterial abundance, biomass and production, however, demonstrated a distinct temporal pattern with the lowest values consistently recorded during the winter months. Nanoflagellate and bacterial abundances were significantly correlated to one another (lower reaches: r = 0.818, p < 0.001; middle reaches: r = 0.628, p < 0.001; upper reaches: r = 0.484, p < 0.05) suggesting a strong predator-prey relationship. The frequency of visibly infected bacterial cells and the mean number of virus particles within each bacterial cell during this study demonstrated no temporal or spatial patterns and ranged from 0.5 to 6.1 % and 12.0 to 37.5 virus particles per bacterium, respectively. Viral infection and lysis was thus a constant source of bacterial mortality throughout the year. The estimated percentage of bacterial production removed by viral lysis ranged between 7.8 and 88.9% of the total which suggests that viral lysis represented a very important source of bacterial mortality during this study. The biological interactions between the selected components of the plankton community demonstrated that among the heterotrophic components of the plankton, the nanoflagellates were identified as the most important consumers of bacteria and small phytoplankton cells (< 20 μm). In the presence of microzooplankton the impact of the nanoflagellates on both the bacteria and phytoplankton was reduced, indicating that larger heterotrophs were preying upon the nanoflagellates. Mesozooplankton, however, appeared to exert the greatest impact on nanoflagellates. In the cascading experiments, the data suggest that mesozooplankton consume nanoflagellates, which resulted in a decrease in the predation impact of these organisms on the bacteria. This result is consistent with predator-prey cascades. The presence of the larger heterotrophs therefore, mediates the interactions between the primary bacterivores, the nanoflagellates, and the bacteria within the temporarily open/closed East Kleinemonde Estuary.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
Assessment of the physicochemical and microbiological qualities of Tyume River in Amathole District in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
- Sibanda, Timothy https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6864-3796
- Authors: Sibanda, Timothy https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6864-3796
- Date: 2013-05
- Subjects: Water -- Purification , Sewage -- Purification
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24465 , vital:62812
- Description: The bioflocculant-producing potentials of three marine bacteria isolated from the sediment samples of Algoa Bay in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa were assessed. Analysis of the partial nucleotide sequence of the 16S rDNA of the bacteria revealed 99 percent, 99 percent, and 98 percent similarity to Cobetia sp. L222, Bacillus sp. A-5A, and Bacillus sp. HXG-C1 respectively and the sequence was deposited in GenBank as Cobetia sp. OAUIFE, Bacillus sp. MAYA and Bacillus sp. Gilbert (accession number JF799092, JF799093, and HQ537128 respectively). Cultivation condition studies for Cobetia sp. OAUIFE revealed that bioflocculant production was optimal with an inoculum size of 2 percent (v/v), initial pH of 6.0, Mn2+ as the metal ion, and glucose as the carbon source. Metal ions, including Na+, K+, Li+, Ca2+and Mg2+ stimulated bioflocculant production resulting in flocculating activity of above 90 percent. This crude bioflocculant is thermally stable, with about 78 percent of its flocculating activity remaining after heating at 100 oC for 25 min. Analysis of the purified bioflocculant revealed it to be an acidic extracellular polysaccharide. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of methoxyl, hydroxyl, and carboxyl - groups in the compound bioflocculant and SEM micrograph of the bioflocculant revealed a crystal-linear structure. On the other hand, bioflocculant production by Bacillus sp. MAYA was optimal when glucose (95.6 percent flocculating activity) and ammonium nitrate (83.3 percent flocculating activity) were used as carbon and nitrogen sources respectively; inoculum size was 2 percent (v/v); initial pH 6; and Ca2+ as coagulant aid. Chemical analysis of the purified bioflocculant shows that it is composed of uronic acid, neutral sugar and protein. FTIR analysis also revealed the presence of methoxyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino- groups in this bioflocculant. The bioflocculant is thermostable with about 65.6 percent residual flocculating activity retained after heating the bioflocculant at 100 oC for 25 min. However bioflocculant production by Bacillus sp. Gilbert was optimal when sodium carbonate (95.2 percent flocculating activity) and potassium nitrate (76.6 percent flocculating activity) were used as carbon and nitrogen sources respectively; inoculum size was 3 percent (v/v); initial pH 9; and Al3+ as cation. The crude bioflocculant retained 44.2 percent residual flocculating activity after heating at 100 oC for 15 min. FTIR analysis reveals the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and methylene - groups in the compound bioflocculant. SEM micrograph of the bioflocculant revealed an amorphous compound. The consortia of these bacteria strains also produced bioflocculants with high flocculating activities which were highly efficient in removing turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from brewery wastewater, diary wastewater and river water. The bioflocculants from the consortia seemed better than traditional flocculants such as alum . The characteristics of the bioflocculant produced by the consortium of Cobetia sp. OAUIFE and Bacillus sp. MAYA showed that this extracellular bioflocculant, composed of 66percent uronic acid and 31percent protein and an optimum flocculation (90 percent) of kaolin suspension, when the dosage concentration was 0.8 mg/ml, under weak alkaline pH of 8, and Ca2+ as a coagulant aid. The bioflocculant is thermally stable, with a high residual flocculating activity of 86.7 percent, 89.3 percent and 87.0 percent after heating at 50 oC, 80 oC and 100 oC for 25 min respectively. The FTIR analysis of the bioflocculant indicated the presence of hydroxyl, amino, carbonyl and carboxyl functional groups. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image revealed a crystal-linear spongy-like bioflocculant structure and EDX analysis of the purified bioflocculant showed that the elemental composition in mass proportion of C,N,O,S and P was 6.67:6.23:37.55:0.38:4.42 (percent w/w). However, the characteristics of the bioflocculant produced by the consortium of Cobetia sp OAUIFE and Bacillus sp. Gilbert showed an optimum flocculation (90 percent) of kaolin suspension when the dosage concentration was 0.2 mg/ml, under neutral pH of 7, and Ca2+ as a coagulant aid. The FTIR analysis of the bioflocculant Tyume River water samples were collected monthly, over a 12-month period starting from August 2010 and ending in July 2011, and transported on ice to the Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG) Laboratory at the University of Fort Hare, Alice for analyses within 6 h of collection. Electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) of water samples were determined in situ using a multi-parameter ion-specific meter. Concentrations of orthophosphate and total nitrogen (nitrate + nitrite) were determined by standard photometric methods. Total coliforms (TC), faecal coliforms (FC) and enterococci were determined by the membrane filtration method. Viruses in water samples were concentrated using the adsorption-elution method, followed by extraction of viral nucleic acids and purification done using commercially available kits. The concentrations of human enteric viruses in the river-water samples were estimated using quantitative PCR. RNA viruses were quantified in a two-step protocol where RNA was first transcribed into cDNA in a separate reverse-transcription step. Adenovirus species and serotypes were simultaneously detected using serotype-specific multiplex PCR. Norovirus genogroups GI and GII were detected by semi-nested PCR. The risk of infection associated with recreational and domestic use of the water was also estimated. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) levels fell within the stipulated BOD guideline of 10 mg/ℓ for surface waters where full contact use is allowed and ≤ 30 mg/ℓ where public access is prohibited, restricted, or infrequent. DO concentrations generally ranged between 7.47 mg/ℓ and 10.42 mg/ℓ, well within the target water quality requirements. The temperature regime ranged between 6°C and 28°C and for most sampling sites, the temperature regimes were within the acceptable limit of no risk (≤ 25°C) for domestic water uses in South Africa. EC ranged between 47 μS/cm and 408 μS/cm well within the South African target water quality EC guideline of 700 μS/cm though it was observed to increase as the river flowed through settlements. The pH in the period beginning September 2010 through to January 2011 was consistently below pH 9, but from February 2011 to June 2011 the pH significantly increased to between pH 10 and pH 11 at most sampling sites. Unpolluted waters normally show a pH of between 6.5 and 8.5. Most of the pH values observed in this study lie between pH 8.5 and pH 10.8 levels which are not far off from the upper level guideline of pH 9.0 for domestic use. Turbidity ranged between 6 NTU and 281 and fell short of the target water quality range (0 NTU to 1 NTU) of no risk for domestic water uses in South Africa. Monthly TDS values and EC values showed direct proportionality. TDS concentrations at all sites fell within the acceptable guideline of 0 mg/ℓ to 450 mg/ℓ of TDS for domestic use. Nutrient profiles were as follows: nitrate (0.18 mg/ℓ to 4.21 mg/ℓ); nitrite (0.02 mg/ℓ to 2.35 mg/ℓ); and orthophosphate (0.06 mg/ℓ to 2.72 mg/ℓ). The bacteriological qualities of the water were poor, exceeding the guideline of 200 CFU/100 mℓ and 33 CFU/100 mℓ for FC and enterococci respectively, for recreational water. FC counts also exceeded the 1 000 CFU/100 mℓ guideline for water used in fresh produce irrigation. Generally, higher counts of TC, FC and enterococci were recorded at the sampling sites located at the lower reaches of the river compared to the upper reaches. Adenovirus was detected in 31percent of the river samples in concentrations ranging between 1.0×100 genome copies/ℓ and 8.49×104 genome copies/ℓ. Serotyping showed the presence of species C adenovirus serotypes 1, 2, 6 and 7, and species F adenovirus serotype 41. The prevalence of norovirus was 4percent while rotavirus was detected in 4percent of river samples in concentrations ranging between 9×100 genome copies/ℓ and 5.64×103 genome copies/ℓ. Hepatitis A virus was detected in 13percent of river samples in concentrations ranging between1.67×103 and 1.64×104 genome copies/ℓ while enteroviruses were not detected. Detection of enteric viruses was inversely correlated to temperature. Risk analysis showed that both hepatitis A virus and adenovirus presented significantly higher risk of infection values compared to rotavirus in the case of ingestion of 10 mℓ or 100 mℓ of water from Tyume River while enteroviruses did not present any significant risk of infection. Tyume River water samples also did not conform to the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) bacterial criteria of 200 CFU/100 mℓ faecal coliforms and 33 CFU/100 mℓ enterococci for bathing waters. Whereas the physicochemical parameters showed that Tyume River water was relatively clean, the bacteriological water quality was poor. Most of the microbiological contamination observed in this study (especially FIBs) can be blamed on inadequate sanitary infrastructure as we observed that open defecation is commonplace in this catchment, which also serves as a conduit for effluent discharges from wastewater-treatment facilities. Enteric viruses were detected along the course of the river in a sporadic pattern, generally not related to natural hydrological cycles and so we conclude that the presence of enteric viruses in the river is suggestive of the dynamics of the same in the host population. Even though the proportion of infective viruses was estimated in this study, fact remains that there is considerable risk of infection posed by the use of raw surface water for either domestic or recreational use. This study further confirmed the lack of correlation between faecal indicator bacteria and enteric virus occurrence in environmental waters, showing that assaying for enteric viruses in environmental waters remains the best method for determining the health risks associated with the use of faecally contaminated water. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2013
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013-05
- Authors: Sibanda, Timothy https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6864-3796
- Date: 2013-05
- Subjects: Water -- Purification , Sewage -- Purification
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24465 , vital:62812
- Description: The bioflocculant-producing potentials of three marine bacteria isolated from the sediment samples of Algoa Bay in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa were assessed. Analysis of the partial nucleotide sequence of the 16S rDNA of the bacteria revealed 99 percent, 99 percent, and 98 percent similarity to Cobetia sp. L222, Bacillus sp. A-5A, and Bacillus sp. HXG-C1 respectively and the sequence was deposited in GenBank as Cobetia sp. OAUIFE, Bacillus sp. MAYA and Bacillus sp. Gilbert (accession number JF799092, JF799093, and HQ537128 respectively). Cultivation condition studies for Cobetia sp. OAUIFE revealed that bioflocculant production was optimal with an inoculum size of 2 percent (v/v), initial pH of 6.0, Mn2+ as the metal ion, and glucose as the carbon source. Metal ions, including Na+, K+, Li+, Ca2+and Mg2+ stimulated bioflocculant production resulting in flocculating activity of above 90 percent. This crude bioflocculant is thermally stable, with about 78 percent of its flocculating activity remaining after heating at 100 oC for 25 min. Analysis of the purified bioflocculant revealed it to be an acidic extracellular polysaccharide. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of methoxyl, hydroxyl, and carboxyl - groups in the compound bioflocculant and SEM micrograph of the bioflocculant revealed a crystal-linear structure. On the other hand, bioflocculant production by Bacillus sp. MAYA was optimal when glucose (95.6 percent flocculating activity) and ammonium nitrate (83.3 percent flocculating activity) were used as carbon and nitrogen sources respectively; inoculum size was 2 percent (v/v); initial pH 6; and Ca2+ as coagulant aid. Chemical analysis of the purified bioflocculant shows that it is composed of uronic acid, neutral sugar and protein. FTIR analysis also revealed the presence of methoxyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino- groups in this bioflocculant. The bioflocculant is thermostable with about 65.6 percent residual flocculating activity retained after heating the bioflocculant at 100 oC for 25 min. However bioflocculant production by Bacillus sp. Gilbert was optimal when sodium carbonate (95.2 percent flocculating activity) and potassium nitrate (76.6 percent flocculating activity) were used as carbon and nitrogen sources respectively; inoculum size was 3 percent (v/v); initial pH 9; and Al3+ as cation. The crude bioflocculant retained 44.2 percent residual flocculating activity after heating at 100 oC for 15 min. FTIR analysis reveals the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and methylene - groups in the compound bioflocculant. SEM micrograph of the bioflocculant revealed an amorphous compound. The consortia of these bacteria strains also produced bioflocculants with high flocculating activities which were highly efficient in removing turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from brewery wastewater, diary wastewater and river water. The bioflocculants from the consortia seemed better than traditional flocculants such as alum . The characteristics of the bioflocculant produced by the consortium of Cobetia sp. OAUIFE and Bacillus sp. MAYA showed that this extracellular bioflocculant, composed of 66percent uronic acid and 31percent protein and an optimum flocculation (90 percent) of kaolin suspension, when the dosage concentration was 0.8 mg/ml, under weak alkaline pH of 8, and Ca2+ as a coagulant aid. The bioflocculant is thermally stable, with a high residual flocculating activity of 86.7 percent, 89.3 percent and 87.0 percent after heating at 50 oC, 80 oC and 100 oC for 25 min respectively. The FTIR analysis of the bioflocculant indicated the presence of hydroxyl, amino, carbonyl and carboxyl functional groups. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image revealed a crystal-linear spongy-like bioflocculant structure and EDX analysis of the purified bioflocculant showed that the elemental composition in mass proportion of C,N,O,S and P was 6.67:6.23:37.55:0.38:4.42 (percent w/w). However, the characteristics of the bioflocculant produced by the consortium of Cobetia sp OAUIFE and Bacillus sp. Gilbert showed an optimum flocculation (90 percent) of kaolin suspension when the dosage concentration was 0.2 mg/ml, under neutral pH of 7, and Ca2+ as a coagulant aid. The FTIR analysis of the bioflocculant Tyume River water samples were collected monthly, over a 12-month period starting from August 2010 and ending in July 2011, and transported on ice to the Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG) Laboratory at the University of Fort Hare, Alice for analyses within 6 h of collection. Electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) of water samples were determined in situ using a multi-parameter ion-specific meter. Concentrations of orthophosphate and total nitrogen (nitrate + nitrite) were determined by standard photometric methods. Total coliforms (TC), faecal coliforms (FC) and enterococci were determined by the membrane filtration method. Viruses in water samples were concentrated using the adsorption-elution method, followed by extraction of viral nucleic acids and purification done using commercially available kits. The concentrations of human enteric viruses in the river-water samples were estimated using quantitative PCR. RNA viruses were quantified in a two-step protocol where RNA was first transcribed into cDNA in a separate reverse-transcription step. Adenovirus species and serotypes were simultaneously detected using serotype-specific multiplex PCR. Norovirus genogroups GI and GII were detected by semi-nested PCR. The risk of infection associated with recreational and domestic use of the water was also estimated. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) levels fell within the stipulated BOD guideline of 10 mg/ℓ for surface waters where full contact use is allowed and ≤ 30 mg/ℓ where public access is prohibited, restricted, or infrequent. DO concentrations generally ranged between 7.47 mg/ℓ and 10.42 mg/ℓ, well within the target water quality requirements. The temperature regime ranged between 6°C and 28°C and for most sampling sites, the temperature regimes were within the acceptable limit of no risk (≤ 25°C) for domestic water uses in South Africa. EC ranged between 47 μS/cm and 408 μS/cm well within the South African target water quality EC guideline of 700 μS/cm though it was observed to increase as the river flowed through settlements. The pH in the period beginning September 2010 through to January 2011 was consistently below pH 9, but from February 2011 to June 2011 the pH significantly increased to between pH 10 and pH 11 at most sampling sites. Unpolluted waters normally show a pH of between 6.5 and 8.5. Most of the pH values observed in this study lie between pH 8.5 and pH 10.8 levels which are not far off from the upper level guideline of pH 9.0 for domestic use. Turbidity ranged between 6 NTU and 281 and fell short of the target water quality range (0 NTU to 1 NTU) of no risk for domestic water uses in South Africa. Monthly TDS values and EC values showed direct proportionality. TDS concentrations at all sites fell within the acceptable guideline of 0 mg/ℓ to 450 mg/ℓ of TDS for domestic use. Nutrient profiles were as follows: nitrate (0.18 mg/ℓ to 4.21 mg/ℓ); nitrite (0.02 mg/ℓ to 2.35 mg/ℓ); and orthophosphate (0.06 mg/ℓ to 2.72 mg/ℓ). The bacteriological qualities of the water were poor, exceeding the guideline of 200 CFU/100 mℓ and 33 CFU/100 mℓ for FC and enterococci respectively, for recreational water. FC counts also exceeded the 1 000 CFU/100 mℓ guideline for water used in fresh produce irrigation. Generally, higher counts of TC, FC and enterococci were recorded at the sampling sites located at the lower reaches of the river compared to the upper reaches. Adenovirus was detected in 31percent of the river samples in concentrations ranging between 1.0×100 genome copies/ℓ and 8.49×104 genome copies/ℓ. Serotyping showed the presence of species C adenovirus serotypes 1, 2, 6 and 7, and species F adenovirus serotype 41. The prevalence of norovirus was 4percent while rotavirus was detected in 4percent of river samples in concentrations ranging between 9×100 genome copies/ℓ and 5.64×103 genome copies/ℓ. Hepatitis A virus was detected in 13percent of river samples in concentrations ranging between1.67×103 and 1.64×104 genome copies/ℓ while enteroviruses were not detected. Detection of enteric viruses was inversely correlated to temperature. Risk analysis showed that both hepatitis A virus and adenovirus presented significantly higher risk of infection values compared to rotavirus in the case of ingestion of 10 mℓ or 100 mℓ of water from Tyume River while enteroviruses did not present any significant risk of infection. Tyume River water samples also did not conform to the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) bacterial criteria of 200 CFU/100 mℓ faecal coliforms and 33 CFU/100 mℓ enterococci for bathing waters. Whereas the physicochemical parameters showed that Tyume River water was relatively clean, the bacteriological water quality was poor. Most of the microbiological contamination observed in this study (especially FIBs) can be blamed on inadequate sanitary infrastructure as we observed that open defecation is commonplace in this catchment, which also serves as a conduit for effluent discharges from wastewater-treatment facilities. Enteric viruses were detected along the course of the river in a sporadic pattern, generally not related to natural hydrological cycles and so we conclude that the presence of enteric viruses in the river is suggestive of the dynamics of the same in the host population. Even though the proportion of infective viruses was estimated in this study, fact remains that there is considerable risk of infection posed by the use of raw surface water for either domestic or recreational use. This study further confirmed the lack of correlation between faecal indicator bacteria and enteric virus occurrence in environmental waters, showing that assaying for enteric viruses in environmental waters remains the best method for determining the health risks associated with the use of faecally contaminated water. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2013
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013-05
Assessing growth response patterns of microalgae to varying environmental conditions using sediments from ephemeral wetlands
- Authors: Mazwane, Sixolile
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Microalgae -- South Africa , Wetland conservation -- South Africa Landscape ecology -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/22398 , vital:29966
- Description: Ephemeral wetlands serve as habitats for different fauna and flora. Microalgae make up a bulk of primary production in newly inundated wetlands and have a big influence on the aquatic community structure. As ephemeral wetlands have cyclical drying and wetting phases, algal species found in these habitats have evolved adaptations (i.e. dormancy and cysts) to survive during dry periods and become productive upon inundation. Algae have been used as ecological indicators in many aquatic ecosystems including wetlands, particularly associated with water quality and with varying inundation states. Whilst temperature and water level have been shown to affect microalgal biomass independently, this study aims to assess the effects of these two factors simultaneously on microalgal biomass, species diversity and community changes. The aim of the study was to investigate microalgal dynamics using two ephemeral wetlands in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. The growth response patterns of microalgal communities to varying temperatures and inundation levels through experiments using dry temporary wetland sediments was also assessed. Dry sediments were collected from two depression wetlands with different sediment characteristics (1592 and Elephant Wallow (EW)). The study consisted of replicated treatments with three different surface area: volume ratios (SA:V) (Low surface area: volume (LSAV), Medium (MSAV) and High (HSAV)), inundated with distilled water. The microcosms were placed inside a Conviron environmental growth chamber and illuminated at between 106 to 138 μmol.m-2s-1, with a 12:12 light-dark cycle at constant temperatures of 12 °C (mean winter) and 22 °C (mean summer). Physicochemical data were recorded, and biological samples were collected every 4 days over a 28-day inundation period. In the field, Electrical conductivity (EC) and pH showed a gradual increase over the inundation period. The systems were well oxygenated (6-10 mg L-1). Overall, phytoplankton biomass in the field was ~10 μg L-1 whereas benthic biomass (MPB) was significantly higher 10 – 300 mg L-1. Within the experiments, the phytoplankton biomass showed a pattern while MPB biomass increased gradually for both experiments. There were no significant (p>0.05) differences between the 1592 and EW phytoplankton biomass. However, the MPB biomass showed significant (p<0.05) differences between the two sediments (EW high, 1592 low) and the experiments, respectively. In the winter experiment, the 1592 sediment had high phytoplankton biomass compared to EW, the reverse was observed for the MPB biomass. In summer experiment, similar results were observed in terms of phytoplankton biomass. For the MPBs, 1592 had greater biomass for all treatments compared to EW. The phytoplankton community for both field samples and experiments was dominated by chlorophytes (>50 %), followed by cyanophytes and euglenophytes (with cryptophytes in summer experiment) for both field and experiments. The MPB community was dominated by bacillariophytes (55 %) and chlorophytes (25 %) in the 1592 sediments and this was also the case with EW sediments bacillariophytes (70 %), although cyanophytes (15 %) made up the remainder of the MPB community. The 1592 sediments supported higher diatom abundances under the HSAV compared to the same treatment from the EW wetland suggesting that possibly grain size or texture might be responsible. In contrast, sediments from EW under LSAV conditions showed higher diatom cell numbers possibly indicating that increased water depth has the propensity to support greater diatom assemblages compared with the same water level for sediments from 1592. The results indicate that microalgae community is influenced by sediment type more than it is by water level. From this study it was also established that microalgae were able to reemerge from their dormancy state upon inundation and that tank experiments were successful in simulating natural ephemeral wetland conditions. The findings from this study will add to the available baseline data on microalgal dynamics in the ephemeral wetlands in South Africa, especially in semi-arid areas. This information can be valuable in enhancing our understanding regarding the role of microalgae in ephemeral wetlands in order to conserve them.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Mazwane, Sixolile
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Microalgae -- South Africa , Wetland conservation -- South Africa Landscape ecology -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/22398 , vital:29966
- Description: Ephemeral wetlands serve as habitats for different fauna and flora. Microalgae make up a bulk of primary production in newly inundated wetlands and have a big influence on the aquatic community structure. As ephemeral wetlands have cyclical drying and wetting phases, algal species found in these habitats have evolved adaptations (i.e. dormancy and cysts) to survive during dry periods and become productive upon inundation. Algae have been used as ecological indicators in many aquatic ecosystems including wetlands, particularly associated with water quality and with varying inundation states. Whilst temperature and water level have been shown to affect microalgal biomass independently, this study aims to assess the effects of these two factors simultaneously on microalgal biomass, species diversity and community changes. The aim of the study was to investigate microalgal dynamics using two ephemeral wetlands in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. The growth response patterns of microalgal communities to varying temperatures and inundation levels through experiments using dry temporary wetland sediments was also assessed. Dry sediments were collected from two depression wetlands with different sediment characteristics (1592 and Elephant Wallow (EW)). The study consisted of replicated treatments with three different surface area: volume ratios (SA:V) (Low surface area: volume (LSAV), Medium (MSAV) and High (HSAV)), inundated with distilled water. The microcosms were placed inside a Conviron environmental growth chamber and illuminated at between 106 to 138 μmol.m-2s-1, with a 12:12 light-dark cycle at constant temperatures of 12 °C (mean winter) and 22 °C (mean summer). Physicochemical data were recorded, and biological samples were collected every 4 days over a 28-day inundation period. In the field, Electrical conductivity (EC) and pH showed a gradual increase over the inundation period. The systems were well oxygenated (6-10 mg L-1). Overall, phytoplankton biomass in the field was ~10 μg L-1 whereas benthic biomass (MPB) was significantly higher 10 – 300 mg L-1. Within the experiments, the phytoplankton biomass showed a pattern while MPB biomass increased gradually for both experiments. There were no significant (p>0.05) differences between the 1592 and EW phytoplankton biomass. However, the MPB biomass showed significant (p<0.05) differences between the two sediments (EW high, 1592 low) and the experiments, respectively. In the winter experiment, the 1592 sediment had high phytoplankton biomass compared to EW, the reverse was observed for the MPB biomass. In summer experiment, similar results were observed in terms of phytoplankton biomass. For the MPBs, 1592 had greater biomass for all treatments compared to EW. The phytoplankton community for both field samples and experiments was dominated by chlorophytes (>50 %), followed by cyanophytes and euglenophytes (with cryptophytes in summer experiment) for both field and experiments. The MPB community was dominated by bacillariophytes (55 %) and chlorophytes (25 %) in the 1592 sediments and this was also the case with EW sediments bacillariophytes (70 %), although cyanophytes (15 %) made up the remainder of the MPB community. The 1592 sediments supported higher diatom abundances under the HSAV compared to the same treatment from the EW wetland suggesting that possibly grain size or texture might be responsible. In contrast, sediments from EW under LSAV conditions showed higher diatom cell numbers possibly indicating that increased water depth has the propensity to support greater diatom assemblages compared with the same water level for sediments from 1592. The results indicate that microalgae community is influenced by sediment type more than it is by water level. From this study it was also established that microalgae were able to reemerge from their dormancy state upon inundation and that tank experiments were successful in simulating natural ephemeral wetland conditions. The findings from this study will add to the available baseline data on microalgal dynamics in the ephemeral wetlands in South Africa, especially in semi-arid areas. This information can be valuable in enhancing our understanding regarding the role of microalgae in ephemeral wetlands in order to conserve them.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Ecophysiology and nutrient uptake mechanisms facilitating the prolonged bloom persistence by Cyanothece sp. in Lake St Lucia, South Africa
- Authors: Du Plooy, Schalk Jacobus
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Cyanobacterial blooms , Cyanobacteria -- Physiology , Cyanobacteria
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/7344 , vital:21324
- Description: Cyanobacterial blooms are becoming more frequent worldwide, with possible negative effects on human health. The effects of climate change and eutrophication have been associated with persistent cyanobacterial blooms becoming more frequent. Altered water characteristics, salinity in particular, influence ecosystem dynamics that may lead to conditions conducive to cyanobacterial blooms. The occurrence of an 18-month long Cyanothece sp. bloom (the longest for any cyanobacterium recorded so far worldwide and the first of the genus) from June 2009 to December 2010 in Africa’s largest estuarine lake, St Lucia, highlighted the susceptibility of ecosystems to anthropogenic alterations. This study investigated the long-term survival and physiological adaptations of Cyanothece sp. to various and dynamic environmental conditions that contributed towards its bloom persistence. The main findings are the high salinities at which Cyanothece sp. could perform important physiological processes such as N uptake, N2 fixation and photosynthesis. Nutrient uptake (both nitrogen and phosphorus) was observed over the full experimental salinity range (0-300) while N2 fixation was only observed up to a salinity of 120. Nutrient uptake rates significantly decreased at this threshold salinity of 120. Interestingly, photosystem II activity was not observed in Cyanothece sp. during this study, but photosystem I activity was robust. Salinity had a minor influence on electron transport rates by photosystem I, high temperature (> 30°C) did however increase electron transport rates. Rapid responses to hypo-osmotic shock (i.e. osmotic downshift during freshening events) by Cyanothece sp. cells also helped minimize cell rupture due to high turgor pressure. Zooplankton abundance within the St Lucia system was negatively correlated with salinity, while grazing experiments indicated that the typical estuarine zooplankton species are able to graze on Cyanothece sp. cells. Therefore, the disappearance of zooplankton at salinities above 60 must have been an important factor in the bloom persistence. Apart from the ecological factors that were at play in St Lucia during the bloom period, the persistence of the Cyanothece sp. bloom can be attributed to the robust nature of their nutrient uptake, nitrogen fixation and photosynthetic systems to maintain activity despite extreme hypersalinity levels.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Du Plooy, Schalk Jacobus
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Cyanobacterial blooms , Cyanobacteria -- Physiology , Cyanobacteria
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/7344 , vital:21324
- Description: Cyanobacterial blooms are becoming more frequent worldwide, with possible negative effects on human health. The effects of climate change and eutrophication have been associated with persistent cyanobacterial blooms becoming more frequent. Altered water characteristics, salinity in particular, influence ecosystem dynamics that may lead to conditions conducive to cyanobacterial blooms. The occurrence of an 18-month long Cyanothece sp. bloom (the longest for any cyanobacterium recorded so far worldwide and the first of the genus) from June 2009 to December 2010 in Africa’s largest estuarine lake, St Lucia, highlighted the susceptibility of ecosystems to anthropogenic alterations. This study investigated the long-term survival and physiological adaptations of Cyanothece sp. to various and dynamic environmental conditions that contributed towards its bloom persistence. The main findings are the high salinities at which Cyanothece sp. could perform important physiological processes such as N uptake, N2 fixation and photosynthesis. Nutrient uptake (both nitrogen and phosphorus) was observed over the full experimental salinity range (0-300) while N2 fixation was only observed up to a salinity of 120. Nutrient uptake rates significantly decreased at this threshold salinity of 120. Interestingly, photosystem II activity was not observed in Cyanothece sp. during this study, but photosystem I activity was robust. Salinity had a minor influence on electron transport rates by photosystem I, high temperature (> 30°C) did however increase electron transport rates. Rapid responses to hypo-osmotic shock (i.e. osmotic downshift during freshening events) by Cyanothece sp. cells also helped minimize cell rupture due to high turgor pressure. Zooplankton abundance within the St Lucia system was negatively correlated with salinity, while grazing experiments indicated that the typical estuarine zooplankton species are able to graze on Cyanothece sp. cells. Therefore, the disappearance of zooplankton at salinities above 60 must have been an important factor in the bloom persistence. Apart from the ecological factors that were at play in St Lucia during the bloom period, the persistence of the Cyanothece sp. bloom can be attributed to the robust nature of their nutrient uptake, nitrogen fixation and photosynthetic systems to maintain activity despite extreme hypersalinity levels.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Towards the bioremediation of the hypertrophic Swartkops Solar Salt-works
- Authors: Difford, Mark
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: Salt industry and trade -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Bioremediation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:10606 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1506 , Salt industry and trade -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Bioremediation
- Description: This thesis presents the results of three studies aimed at improving brine-quality at the Swartkops solar salt-works (Swartkops Sea Salt [Pty] Ltd) on the outskirts of Port Elizabeth, South Africa. This is a highly eutrophic salt-works, the management of which has become increasingly difficult in recent years. The fundamental problem is how best to operate the system at maximum capacity while limiting nutrient inputs from the nutrient-rich microtidal Swartkops Estuary. In the first study, brine-quality at several sites along the axis of the Swartkops Estuary, and the extent to which it is affected by a variety of factors, is compared. Sites were sampled on micro- and macrotidal time scales, and were selected by the management of the salt-works as possible locations for a new pump-house (for extracting brine from the estuary) for their salt-work operations at Swartkops and Missionvale. The study showed that there are incremental benefits to be had from moving the site of extraction downstream from its present position to a site closer to the mouth of the estuary, where the concentration of nutrients usually is lower and where salinity usually is higher. There is little to be gained from moving the site of extraction laterally, to the mouth of the Inlet from which brine currently is extracted, so that brine is extracted directly from the estuary itself. A set of models relating the concentrations of NH+ 4 , NO{u100000}3 , and PO34{u100000} to salinity is proposed. These take into account the influences of site and season and may be used to estimate the concentration of these nutrients from a measurement of salinity. The model for PO34{u100000} shows that it would be more damaging to the salt-works’ operations to pump “low”-salinity brine during the early months of summer than during autumn. Evidence is also presented to show that Wylde Bridge has no influence on nutrient concentrations in the estuary, with tidal flushing generally passing beyond the Wylde-Bridge break-point. The exceptionally heavy flooding of the estuary that occurred in September 2002 may, however, have biased this conclusion, because of its scouring effect. The second study concentrated on monitoring the effect of (1) decreasing pond depth and (2) increasing pond salinity—two readily available management tools—on brine quality at the salt-works. Pond depth throughout the salt-works was decreased by 40 cm, and the salinity of Pond 5, a pond in the middle of the system, was increased to 175 S. Both measures were kept in place for the duration of the study (Nov. 2002–Aug. 2004). The pond-depth experiment did not have the expected result, there being no evidence of the increase in microalgal growth in the water column that was predicted based on previous research. There was, however, a significant increase in benthic chlorophyll-a, and there was a general improvement in the condition of the sedimentary system of the salt-works. There was also a substantial decrease in particulate organic matter in the water column, with clear evidence that the remaining fraction was closely associated with living forms of particulate matter rather than with detritus. The pond-salinity experiment proves that there is a flourishing, and resilient, population of brine shrimp (Artemia salina L.) at the salt-works. Restocking the salina, or stocking it with a different strain of brine shrimp, is therefore not necessary. The results of this study show that the brine shrimp population at the salt-works needs salinities of greater than about 65–70 S to survive. As a living force they almost certainly need a protective salinity that is greater than about 120–140 S, perhaps even as great as 160 S. Brine shrimp thrived in the high salinity milieu of the experimental pond for the duration of the study, but dwindled from three other ponds of the system once their salinities fell to below 90 S, eventually to disappear from them, apparently completely, once salinity fell to below 65 S. The third and final study concentrated on establishing whether the products released by decomposing barley straw could be used in a solar salt-works to control macroalgal blooms without detrimentally affecting the benthic-mat. Previous research has shown that these products are effective inhibitors of macroalgal growth and that they remain effective under saline conditions. The results presented here show that the same products, or products released under similar conditions of decomposition, adversely effect both the structure and the function of the mat. Consequently, their use in a solar salt-works cannot be recommended.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
- Authors: Difford, Mark
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: Salt industry and trade -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Bioremediation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:10606 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1506 , Salt industry and trade -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Bioremediation
- Description: This thesis presents the results of three studies aimed at improving brine-quality at the Swartkops solar salt-works (Swartkops Sea Salt [Pty] Ltd) on the outskirts of Port Elizabeth, South Africa. This is a highly eutrophic salt-works, the management of which has become increasingly difficult in recent years. The fundamental problem is how best to operate the system at maximum capacity while limiting nutrient inputs from the nutrient-rich microtidal Swartkops Estuary. In the first study, brine-quality at several sites along the axis of the Swartkops Estuary, and the extent to which it is affected by a variety of factors, is compared. Sites were sampled on micro- and macrotidal time scales, and were selected by the management of the salt-works as possible locations for a new pump-house (for extracting brine from the estuary) for their salt-work operations at Swartkops and Missionvale. The study showed that there are incremental benefits to be had from moving the site of extraction downstream from its present position to a site closer to the mouth of the estuary, where the concentration of nutrients usually is lower and where salinity usually is higher. There is little to be gained from moving the site of extraction laterally, to the mouth of the Inlet from which brine currently is extracted, so that brine is extracted directly from the estuary itself. A set of models relating the concentrations of NH+ 4 , NO{u100000}3 , and PO34{u100000} to salinity is proposed. These take into account the influences of site and season and may be used to estimate the concentration of these nutrients from a measurement of salinity. The model for PO34{u100000} shows that it would be more damaging to the salt-works’ operations to pump “low”-salinity brine during the early months of summer than during autumn. Evidence is also presented to show that Wylde Bridge has no influence on nutrient concentrations in the estuary, with tidal flushing generally passing beyond the Wylde-Bridge break-point. The exceptionally heavy flooding of the estuary that occurred in September 2002 may, however, have biased this conclusion, because of its scouring effect. The second study concentrated on monitoring the effect of (1) decreasing pond depth and (2) increasing pond salinity—two readily available management tools—on brine quality at the salt-works. Pond depth throughout the salt-works was decreased by 40 cm, and the salinity of Pond 5, a pond in the middle of the system, was increased to 175 S. Both measures were kept in place for the duration of the study (Nov. 2002–Aug. 2004). The pond-depth experiment did not have the expected result, there being no evidence of the increase in microalgal growth in the water column that was predicted based on previous research. There was, however, a significant increase in benthic chlorophyll-a, and there was a general improvement in the condition of the sedimentary system of the salt-works. There was also a substantial decrease in particulate organic matter in the water column, with clear evidence that the remaining fraction was closely associated with living forms of particulate matter rather than with detritus. The pond-salinity experiment proves that there is a flourishing, and resilient, population of brine shrimp (Artemia salina L.) at the salt-works. Restocking the salina, or stocking it with a different strain of brine shrimp, is therefore not necessary. The results of this study show that the brine shrimp population at the salt-works needs salinities of greater than about 65–70 S to survive. As a living force they almost certainly need a protective salinity that is greater than about 120–140 S, perhaps even as great as 160 S. Brine shrimp thrived in the high salinity milieu of the experimental pond for the duration of the study, but dwindled from three other ponds of the system once their salinities fell to below 90 S, eventually to disappear from them, apparently completely, once salinity fell to below 65 S. The third and final study concentrated on establishing whether the products released by decomposing barley straw could be used in a solar salt-works to control macroalgal blooms without detrimentally affecting the benthic-mat. Previous research has shown that these products are effective inhibitors of macroalgal growth and that they remain effective under saline conditions. The results presented here show that the same products, or products released under similar conditions of decomposition, adversely effect both the structure and the function of the mat. Consequently, their use in a solar salt-works cannot be recommended.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
Ndishiya bazali behlupeka
- De Brown Darkies, performer not specified, Composer not specified, Tracey, Hugh
- Authors: De Brown Darkies , performer not specified , Composer not specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1951
- Subjects: Folk Music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Zimbabwe Bulawayo f-rh
- Language: Ndebele
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/386281 , vital:68126 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , AC0709-E2A29
- Description: Indigenous music
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1951
- Authors: De Brown Darkies , performer not specified , Composer not specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1951
- Subjects: Folk Music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Zimbabwe Bulawayo f-rh
- Language: Ndebele
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/386281 , vital:68126 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , AC0709-E2A29
- Description: Indigenous music
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1951
Paisekele
- Botha, Karika (Recorded by), Sesotho children (Performer), Composer unknown
- Authors: Botha, Karika (Recorded by) , Sesotho children (Performer) , Composer unknown
- Subjects: Shongoane village , Lephalale , Transvaal (Limpopo) , South Africa , Indigenous music , Love song , Clapping
- Type: Music , Sound
- Identifier: vital:15699 , JKC17b-29 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008888 , Tape number: JKC17 , Original tape number: 17 , Track number: 29
- Description: English translation of title: 'Bicycle' , Love song with clapping accompaniment about a damaged bicycle used for visiting a lover , Refer to last page of Jaco Kruger recording card book II
- Full Text: false
- Authors: Botha, Karika (Recorded by) , Sesotho children (Performer) , Composer unknown
- Subjects: Shongoane village , Lephalale , Transvaal (Limpopo) , South Africa , Indigenous music , Love song , Clapping
- Type: Music , Sound
- Identifier: vital:15699 , JKC17b-29 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008888 , Tape number: JKC17 , Original tape number: 17 , Track number: 29
- Description: English translation of title: 'Bicycle' , Love song with clapping accompaniment about a damaged bicycle used for visiting a lover , Refer to last page of Jaco Kruger recording card book II
- Full Text: false