Attachment and the therapeutic relationship an elucidation of therapeutic process in a single child psychotherapy case
- Authors: Crafford, Melody
- Date: 2006
- Subjects: Child psychotherapy -- Case studies , Psychotherapist and patient , Attachment behavior in children
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2955 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002464 , Child psychotherapy -- Case studies , Psychotherapist and patient , Attachment behavior in children
- Description: The overall objective of this study was to delve into the intricacies of the therapeutic process and the therapeutic relationship from an attachment perspective. A single retrospective child case study was conducted, which entailed the construction of a narrative synopsis of the process. The hermeneutic approach of a Reading Guide Method was applied, and through a repeated re-reading of the narrative, pertinent themes emerged that shed light on therapy as a process in motion. Specifically, the motion of the therapeutic process manifested through a scrutiny of the therapeutic relationship in view of the participant’s attachment style. The results of this study revealed the capacity of the participant to move away from an avoidant and somewhat ambivalent organisation of defences by virtue of establishing a secure base and exercising her faculty for emotional and self-expression. Accordingly, it can be established that in view of psychotherapy from an attachment perspective, the seemingly imperceptible vicissitudes of change are indeed appreciable.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
- Authors: Crafford, Melody
- Date: 2006
- Subjects: Child psychotherapy -- Case studies , Psychotherapist and patient , Attachment behavior in children
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2955 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002464 , Child psychotherapy -- Case studies , Psychotherapist and patient , Attachment behavior in children
- Description: The overall objective of this study was to delve into the intricacies of the therapeutic process and the therapeutic relationship from an attachment perspective. A single retrospective child case study was conducted, which entailed the construction of a narrative synopsis of the process. The hermeneutic approach of a Reading Guide Method was applied, and through a repeated re-reading of the narrative, pertinent themes emerged that shed light on therapy as a process in motion. Specifically, the motion of the therapeutic process manifested through a scrutiny of the therapeutic relationship in view of the participant’s attachment style. The results of this study revealed the capacity of the participant to move away from an avoidant and somewhat ambivalent organisation of defences by virtue of establishing a secure base and exercising her faculty for emotional and self-expression. Accordingly, it can be established that in view of psychotherapy from an attachment perspective, the seemingly imperceptible vicissitudes of change are indeed appreciable.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
Challenges experienced by the Sarah Baartman District Municipality in the rendering of environmental health services
- Authors: Somi, Zoleka
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Environmental health -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Public health -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/35469 , vital:33735
- Description: This study highlights challenges experienced by the Sarah Baartman District Municipality in the rendering of environmental health services. Although the Sarah Baartman District Municipality (SBDM) is primarily responsible for the rendering of environmental health services, the local municipalities that have environmental health practitioners within their areas of jurisdiction were appointed to act as its agents in the rendering of municipal health services. Sarah Baartman District Municipality therefore currently utilises the external service delivery mechanism. In 2004 the Sarah Baartman District Municipality was allocated powers and functions for the rendering of municipal health services which were previously a shared responsibility between the Eastern Cape Department of Health, the district municipality and local municipalities. In terms of section 78 (1) of the Municipal Systems Act, 2000 (Act 32 of 2000), on the allocation of new powers and functions, a municipality is required to assess conditions and capacity to deliver the service. In 2008 Sarah Baartman District Municipality appointed the Klyveld, Peat, Marwick and Groerdeler (KPMG) accounting firm to assess these conditions. The assessment identified a number of challenges regarding the current external service delivery mechanism. Based on the outcomes of this section 78 assessment, it was quite clear that the current external service delivery mechanism is the foundation for challenges in the effective rendering of Environmental Health Services at Sarah Baartman District Municipality. The aim of this study was to identify, explore and describe the challenges experienced by the Sarah Baartman District Municipality in the rendering of environmental health services in terms of its current external service delivery mechanism. The study was qualitative, with explorative and descriptive designs by nature. It was conducted at Sarah Baartman District Municipality which is made up of seven local municipalities. The target population for this study was 21 environmental health practitioners practicing within the SBDM (N=21). A purposive sample of eight (n=8) environmental health practitioners were identified to participate in the study. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were used to collect data. A semi-structured interview guide was used to conduct the in-depth interviews and a focus group. Data was analysed using Tesch’s method of data analysis. The study revealed that the current external service delivery mechanism is the foundation for challenges in the effective rendering of environmental health services at SBDM. This study proposes that Sarah Baartman District Municipality should bring back the function of environmental health from the local municipalities and utilise the internal service delivery mechanism in the rendering of environmental health services.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Somi, Zoleka
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Environmental health -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Public health -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/35469 , vital:33735
- Description: This study highlights challenges experienced by the Sarah Baartman District Municipality in the rendering of environmental health services. Although the Sarah Baartman District Municipality (SBDM) is primarily responsible for the rendering of environmental health services, the local municipalities that have environmental health practitioners within their areas of jurisdiction were appointed to act as its agents in the rendering of municipal health services. Sarah Baartman District Municipality therefore currently utilises the external service delivery mechanism. In 2004 the Sarah Baartman District Municipality was allocated powers and functions for the rendering of municipal health services which were previously a shared responsibility between the Eastern Cape Department of Health, the district municipality and local municipalities. In terms of section 78 (1) of the Municipal Systems Act, 2000 (Act 32 of 2000), on the allocation of new powers and functions, a municipality is required to assess conditions and capacity to deliver the service. In 2008 Sarah Baartman District Municipality appointed the Klyveld, Peat, Marwick and Groerdeler (KPMG) accounting firm to assess these conditions. The assessment identified a number of challenges regarding the current external service delivery mechanism. Based on the outcomes of this section 78 assessment, it was quite clear that the current external service delivery mechanism is the foundation for challenges in the effective rendering of Environmental Health Services at Sarah Baartman District Municipality. The aim of this study was to identify, explore and describe the challenges experienced by the Sarah Baartman District Municipality in the rendering of environmental health services in terms of its current external service delivery mechanism. The study was qualitative, with explorative and descriptive designs by nature. It was conducted at Sarah Baartman District Municipality which is made up of seven local municipalities. The target population for this study was 21 environmental health practitioners practicing within the SBDM (N=21). A purposive sample of eight (n=8) environmental health practitioners were identified to participate in the study. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were used to collect data. A semi-structured interview guide was used to conduct the in-depth interviews and a focus group. Data was analysed using Tesch’s method of data analysis. The study revealed that the current external service delivery mechanism is the foundation for challenges in the effective rendering of environmental health services at SBDM. This study proposes that Sarah Baartman District Municipality should bring back the function of environmental health from the local municipalities and utilise the internal service delivery mechanism in the rendering of environmental health services.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Sarah Bartmann Memorial on Vergaderingskop at Hankey, Gamtoos Valley
- Authors: Skead, C J (Cuthbert John)
- Date: 2003-09-07
- Subjects: Gamtoos River Valley (South Africa) , Baartman, Sarah -- Death and burial
- Type: still image
- Identifier: vital:12528 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013935
- Description: Plaque at gravestone of Sarah Bartmann (1789 - 1815). Reburied on 9/8/2002.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2003-09-07
- Authors: Skead, C J (Cuthbert John)
- Date: 2003-09-07
- Subjects: Gamtoos River Valley (South Africa) , Baartman, Sarah -- Death and burial
- Type: still image
- Identifier: vital:12528 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013935
- Description: Plaque at gravestone of Sarah Bartmann (1789 - 1815). Reburied on 9/8/2002.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2003-09-07
Making sense of the lived and told experience of the 'ill' body : a phenomenological exploration into the storied and embodied nature of somatic or medically unexplained symtoms
- Authors: Haggard, Claire Louise
- Date: 2013-07-25
- Subjects: Psychological manifestations of general disease Somatization disorder Physician and patient -- Case studies
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3185 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008364
- Description: Despite a wealth of literature on the aetiology of somatic distress or somatization, somatic theory has failed to expand beyond a dualistic epistemology of causation. Within the primary health context where medically unexplained symptoms are characteristically articulated as literal, symbolic gestures of internal psychological processes, individuals' subjective accounts of somatic distress are reduced to objective phenomena and thus articulated on the grounds of absence. Within this context, the body as a lived, meaningful, perceiving subjectivity is silenced in favour of the corpse, thus rendering the somatizing individual's lived and subjective experience, expression and knowledge of somatic distress inaccessible. Instead, the somatizing individual is positioned within a domain of perturbed silence - a domain in which the professional's turning away or retreat from engaging somatization on the grounds of unique, subjective and corporeal experience, positions the patient/client as a passive, silent recipient whose somatic expressions as lived are overlooked. This study attempts to initiate a theoretical focus of departure from existing articulations of somatic distress through the development of a theoretical and epistemological framework that addresses some of the tensions inherent to contemporary somatic theory. In so doing, it employs embodiment philosophy and narrative methodology as a basis for a preliminary and critical investigation into a relatively neglected area of somatization research. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.54 Paper Capture Plug-in
- Full Text:
- Authors: Haggard, Claire Louise
- Date: 2013-07-25
- Subjects: Psychological manifestations of general disease Somatization disorder Physician and patient -- Case studies
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3185 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008364
- Description: Despite a wealth of literature on the aetiology of somatic distress or somatization, somatic theory has failed to expand beyond a dualistic epistemology of causation. Within the primary health context where medically unexplained symptoms are characteristically articulated as literal, symbolic gestures of internal psychological processes, individuals' subjective accounts of somatic distress are reduced to objective phenomena and thus articulated on the grounds of absence. Within this context, the body as a lived, meaningful, perceiving subjectivity is silenced in favour of the corpse, thus rendering the somatizing individual's lived and subjective experience, expression and knowledge of somatic distress inaccessible. Instead, the somatizing individual is positioned within a domain of perturbed silence - a domain in which the professional's turning away or retreat from engaging somatization on the grounds of unique, subjective and corporeal experience, positions the patient/client as a passive, silent recipient whose somatic expressions as lived are overlooked. This study attempts to initiate a theoretical focus of departure from existing articulations of somatic distress through the development of a theoretical and epistemological framework that addresses some of the tensions inherent to contemporary somatic theory. In so doing, it employs embodiment philosophy and narrative methodology as a basis for a preliminary and critical investigation into a relatively neglected area of somatization research. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.54 Paper Capture Plug-in
- Full Text:
Chris McGregor's Brotherhood of Breath: Our God is a consuming fire
- Unknown
- Authors: Unknown
- Subjects: McGregor, Chris--1936-1990 , Brotherhood of Breath (Musical group) , Jazz
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:13767 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012783
- Description: Original poster for March Jazz festival in London where Chris McGregor's Brotherhood of Breath is premiering "Our God is a Consuming Fire", Chris McGregor's new work, at the Queen Elizabeth Hall.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Unknown
- Subjects: McGregor, Chris--1936-1990 , Brotherhood of Breath (Musical group) , Jazz
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:13767 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012783
- Description: Original poster for March Jazz festival in London where Chris McGregor's Brotherhood of Breath is premiering "Our God is a Consuming Fire", Chris McGregor's new work, at the Queen Elizabeth Hall.
- Full Text:
Taxation 3: ATA321E / ATV321E
- Authors: Stevens, N , Olivier, J
- Date: 2010-11
- Subjects: Taxation
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:17405 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1009766
- Description: Taxation 3: ATA321E / ATV321E, final assessment November 2010.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010-11
- Authors: Stevens, N , Olivier, J
- Date: 2010-11
- Subjects: Taxation
- Language: English
- Type: Examination paper
- Identifier: vital:17405 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1009766
- Description: Taxation 3: ATA321E / ATV321E, final assessment November 2010.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010-11
Internal service quality impacts on customer satisfaction in the Department of Roads and Public Works Sarah Baartman Region
- Authors: Mooi, Mzingisi
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Consumer satisfaction -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Customer services -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Quality control Total quality management -- Government Civil service -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/19146 , vital:28777
- Description: The main objective of this study is to determine the impacts of internal service quality on customer satisfaction with specific reference to Department of Roads and Public Works Sarah Baartman Region (DRPW-SBR). The provision of high quality internal services to customers through policies and systems that support service delivery has a huge impact on customer satisfaction. Public organisations are generally criticised for service delivery inefficiencies and poor quality services; the DRPW-SBR is not an exception from such criticism. A study of this nature can be considered as a valuable undertaking that provides valuable insight as to the important internal service quality factors hindering DRPW-SBR from delivering services and satisfying customers. The study was specifically looking at investigating internal service quality dimensions as measured by the way of professionalism, responsiveness, tangibility, flexibility and reliability, play in the achievement of perceived customer satisfaction within DRPW-SBR. The research was set up in such a way that internal customers who were employees of DRPW-SBR and external customers who were employees of other departments served by DRPW-SBR, constituted the sample participants. The methodology considered most suitable was a quantitative research whereby questionnaires were utilised to collect primary data. The questionnaires were based on a five-point Likert scale measuring instruments that ranged from (1) strongly disagree to (5) strongly agree. Questionnaires were distributed to those respondents selected of whom 101 respondents participated; the results were calculated using a STATISTICA program. The key findings indicated that internal service quality played a vital role in achieving perceived customer satisfaction. Important internal service dimensions that were found to be significant in increasing perceived customer satisfaction within DRPW -SBR were reliability, flexibility and professionalism. Responsiveness and tangibility were found not to exert positive influence on perceived customer satisfaction within DRPW-SBR.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Mooi, Mzingisi
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Consumer satisfaction -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Customer services -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Quality control Total quality management -- Government Civil service -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/19146 , vital:28777
- Description: The main objective of this study is to determine the impacts of internal service quality on customer satisfaction with specific reference to Department of Roads and Public Works Sarah Baartman Region (DRPW-SBR). The provision of high quality internal services to customers through policies and systems that support service delivery has a huge impact on customer satisfaction. Public organisations are generally criticised for service delivery inefficiencies and poor quality services; the DRPW-SBR is not an exception from such criticism. A study of this nature can be considered as a valuable undertaking that provides valuable insight as to the important internal service quality factors hindering DRPW-SBR from delivering services and satisfying customers. The study was specifically looking at investigating internal service quality dimensions as measured by the way of professionalism, responsiveness, tangibility, flexibility and reliability, play in the achievement of perceived customer satisfaction within DRPW-SBR. The research was set up in such a way that internal customers who were employees of DRPW-SBR and external customers who were employees of other departments served by DRPW-SBR, constituted the sample participants. The methodology considered most suitable was a quantitative research whereby questionnaires were utilised to collect primary data. The questionnaires were based on a five-point Likert scale measuring instruments that ranged from (1) strongly disagree to (5) strongly agree. Questionnaires were distributed to those respondents selected of whom 101 respondents participated; the results were calculated using a STATISTICA program. The key findings indicated that internal service quality played a vital role in achieving perceived customer satisfaction. Important internal service dimensions that were found to be significant in increasing perceived customer satisfaction within DRPW -SBR were reliability, flexibility and professionalism. Responsiveness and tangibility were found not to exert positive influence on perceived customer satisfaction within DRPW-SBR.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Intra- and interspecific brood recognition in pure and mixed-species honeybee colonies, Apis cerana and A. mellifera
- Tan, K, Yang, M-X, Radloff, Sarah E, Yu, Y, Pirk, C W W, Hepburn, H Randall
- Authors: Tan, K , Yang, M-X , Radloff, Sarah E , Yu, Y , Pirk, C W W , Hepburn, H Randall
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: Apis mellifera Apis cerana
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6837 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1010962 , http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/apido/2009003
- Description: We studied the effects of mixed honeybee colonies of Apis mellifera and Apis cerana on the intraspecific and interspecific recognition of female brood stages in the honeybees A. cerana and A. mellifera by transferring brood combs between queenright colonies. In the intraspecific tests, significantly more larvae were removed in A. cerana than in A. mellifera, whilst significantly fewer eggs and pupae were removed in A. cerana than in A. mellifera. In the interspecific tests, A. cerana colonies removed significantly more larvae and pupae of A. mellifera than the same brood stages of A. cerana were removed by A. mellifera. We show there are highly significant differences in both intraspecific and interspecific brood recognition between A. cerana and A. mellifera and that brood recognition operates with decreasing intensity with increasing developmental age within species. This suggests that worker policing in egg removal is a first line of defense against heterospecific social parasites.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2009
- Authors: Tan, K , Yang, M-X , Radloff, Sarah E , Yu, Y , Pirk, C W W , Hepburn, H Randall
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: Apis mellifera Apis cerana
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6837 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1010962 , http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/apido/2009003
- Description: We studied the effects of mixed honeybee colonies of Apis mellifera and Apis cerana on the intraspecific and interspecific recognition of female brood stages in the honeybees A. cerana and A. mellifera by transferring brood combs between queenright colonies. In the intraspecific tests, significantly more larvae were removed in A. cerana than in A. mellifera, whilst significantly fewer eggs and pupae were removed in A. cerana than in A. mellifera. In the interspecific tests, A. cerana colonies removed significantly more larvae and pupae of A. mellifera than the same brood stages of A. cerana were removed by A. mellifera. We show there are highly significant differences in both intraspecific and interspecific brood recognition between A. cerana and A. mellifera and that brood recognition operates with decreasing intensity with increasing developmental age within species. This suggests that worker policing in egg removal is a first line of defense against heterospecific social parasites.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2009
Cooperative wasp-killing by mixed-species colonies of honeybees, Apis cerana and Apis mellifera
- Tan, K, Yang, M-Y, Li, H, Zhang, Z-L, Radloff, Sarah E, Hepburn, H Randall
- Authors: Tan, K , Yang, M-Y , Li, H , Zhang, Z-L , Radloff, Sarah E , Hepburn, H Randall
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6838 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1010979 , http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13592-011-0098-5
- Description: The cooperative defensive behaviour of mixed-species colonies of honeybees, Apis cerana and Apis mellifera, were tested against a predatory wasp, Vespa velutina. When vespine wasps hawk honeybees at their nest entrances, the difference in the numbers of bees involved in heat-balling among pure species and mixed-species colonies was not significantly different. However, in the mixed colonies, the numbers of A. cerana and A. mellifera workers involved in heat-balling were significantly different. The duration of heat-balling among these three groups was significantly different. During heat-balling, guard bees of both species in mixed colonies raised their thoracic temperatures and the core temperatures of the heat-balls were about 45°C, which is not significantly different from that of the pure species. These results suggest that the two species of honeybees can cooperate in joint heat-balling against the wasps, but A. cerana was more assertive in such defence.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2012
- Authors: Tan, K , Yang, M-Y , Li, H , Zhang, Z-L , Radloff, Sarah E , Hepburn, H Randall
- Date: 2012
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6838 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1010979 , http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13592-011-0098-5
- Description: The cooperative defensive behaviour of mixed-species colonies of honeybees, Apis cerana and Apis mellifera, were tested against a predatory wasp, Vespa velutina. When vespine wasps hawk honeybees at their nest entrances, the difference in the numbers of bees involved in heat-balling among pure species and mixed-species colonies was not significantly different. However, in the mixed colonies, the numbers of A. cerana and A. mellifera workers involved in heat-balling were significantly different. The duration of heat-balling among these three groups was significantly different. During heat-balling, guard bees of both species in mixed colonies raised their thoracic temperatures and the core temperatures of the heat-balls were about 45°C, which is not significantly different from that of the pure species. These results suggest that the two species of honeybees can cooperate in joint heat-balling against the wasps, but A. cerana was more assertive in such defence.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2012
Un Langage, des Visions, une Passerelle:
- Authors: Tshilumba Mukendi, J S
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/146177 , vital:38502 , ISBN 9789074816496 , https://books.google.co.za/books?id=QDSdAQAACAAJanddq=Creer+en+postcolonie:+Voix+et+dissidences+belgo-congolaise+2010-2015andhl=enandsa=Xandved=0ahUKEwjts_Si_b_pAhXvShUIHWXwCd4Q6AEIJzAA
- Description: Book abstract. The authors and artists (Baloji, Toma Muteba Luntumbue, Nganji Laeh, Nina Miskina, Joëlle Sambi, Sarah Arens, Heleen Debeuckelaere, Bénédicte Kumbi ...) who contributed to the work to debate the Belgian postcolonial question and it will be punctuated by poetic and musical stops.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Tshilumba Mukendi, J S
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/146177 , vital:38502 , ISBN 9789074816496 , https://books.google.co.za/books?id=QDSdAQAACAAJanddq=Creer+en+postcolonie:+Voix+et+dissidences+belgo-congolaise+2010-2015andhl=enandsa=Xandved=0ahUKEwjts_Si_b_pAhXvShUIHWXwCd4Q6AEIJzAA
- Description: Book abstract. The authors and artists (Baloji, Toma Muteba Luntumbue, Nganji Laeh, Nina Miskina, Joëlle Sambi, Sarah Arens, Heleen Debeuckelaere, Bénédicte Kumbi ...) who contributed to the work to debate the Belgian postcolonial question and it will be punctuated by poetic and musical stops.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Hop/STIP1 depletion alters nuclear structure via depletion of nuclear structural protein emerin:
- Kituyi, Sarah N, Edkins, Adrienne L
- Authors: Kituyi, Sarah N , Edkins, Adrienne L
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/164435 , vital:41118 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.073
- Description: Hop/STIP1 is a co-chaperone of Hsp70 and Hsp90 that regulates a number of cell biology processes via interactions with cellular proteins. Here we report a new relationship between Hop and the nuclear structural protein emerin in maintenance of nuclear morphology. Depletion or overexpression of Hop resulted in the reduction of emerin protein levels via proteasomal and lysosomal pathways.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Kituyi, Sarah N , Edkins, Adrienne L
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/164435 , vital:41118 , https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.073
- Description: Hop/STIP1 is a co-chaperone of Hsp70 and Hsp90 that regulates a number of cell biology processes via interactions with cellular proteins. Here we report a new relationship between Hop and the nuclear structural protein emerin in maintenance of nuclear morphology. Depletion or overexpression of Hop resulted in the reduction of emerin protein levels via proteasomal and lysosomal pathways.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Synthesis and characterization of quantum dots designed for biomedical use
- Kuzyniak, Weronika, Adegoke, Oluwasesan, Sekhosana, Kutloana E, D'Souza, Sarah, Tshangana, Sesethu Charmaine, Hoffmann, Björn, Ermilov, Eugeny A, Nyokong, Tebello, Höpfner, Michael
- Authors: Kuzyniak, Weronika , Adegoke, Oluwasesan , Sekhosana, Kutloana E , D'Souza, Sarah , Tshangana, Sesethu Charmaine , Hoffmann, Björn , Ermilov, Eugeny A , Nyokong, Tebello , Höpfner, Michael
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/241516 , vital:50946 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.03.037"
- Description: Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have become promising nanoparticles for a wide variety of biomedical applications. However, the major drawback of QDs is their potential toxicity. Here, we determined possible cytotoxic effects of a set of QDs by systematic photophysical evaluation in vitro as well as in vivo. QDs were synthesized by the hydrothermal aqueous route with sizes in the range of 2.0–3.5 nm. Cytotoxic effects of QDs were studied in the human pancreatic carcinoid cell line BON. Cadmium telluride QDs with or without zinc sulfide shell and coated with 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) were highly cytotoxic even at nanomolar concentrations. Capping with L-glutathione (GSH) or thioglycolic acid (TGA) reduced the cytotoxicity of cadmium telluride QDs and cadmium selenide QDs. Determination of the toxicity of QDs revealed IC50 values in the micromolar range. In vivo studies showed good tolerability of CdSe QDs with ZnS shell and GSH capping. We could demonstrate that QDs with ZnS shell and GSH capping exhibit low toxicity and good tolerability in cell models and living organisms. These QDs appear to be promising candidates for biomedical applications such as drug delivery for enhanced chemotherapy or targeted delivery of light sensitive substances for photodynamic therapy.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Kuzyniak, Weronika , Adegoke, Oluwasesan , Sekhosana, Kutloana E , D'Souza, Sarah , Tshangana, Sesethu Charmaine , Hoffmann, Björn , Ermilov, Eugeny A , Nyokong, Tebello , Höpfner, Michael
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/241516 , vital:50946 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.03.037"
- Description: Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have become promising nanoparticles for a wide variety of biomedical applications. However, the major drawback of QDs is their potential toxicity. Here, we determined possible cytotoxic effects of a set of QDs by systematic photophysical evaluation in vitro as well as in vivo. QDs were synthesized by the hydrothermal aqueous route with sizes in the range of 2.0–3.5 nm. Cytotoxic effects of QDs were studied in the human pancreatic carcinoid cell line BON. Cadmium telluride QDs with or without zinc sulfide shell and coated with 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) were highly cytotoxic even at nanomolar concentrations. Capping with L-glutathione (GSH) or thioglycolic acid (TGA) reduced the cytotoxicity of cadmium telluride QDs and cadmium selenide QDs. Determination of the toxicity of QDs revealed IC50 values in the micromolar range. In vivo studies showed good tolerability of CdSe QDs with ZnS shell and GSH capping. We could demonstrate that QDs with ZnS shell and GSH capping exhibit low toxicity and good tolerability in cell models and living organisms. These QDs appear to be promising candidates for biomedical applications such as drug delivery for enhanced chemotherapy or targeted delivery of light sensitive substances for photodynamic therapy.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
Condolence letter to Sheila Burnett from Fred, Sarah and Robert
- Date: 1994-08-24
- Subjects: Burnett, Bill Bendyshe -- 1917-1994 Condolence notes Burnett family
- Type: Image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/38753 , vital:24819 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017. , MS 20 0083
- Description: This collection contains the letters of condolences, addressed to Sheila Burnett on the death of her husband Bill Bendyshe Burnett, who died on the 23rd of August 1994.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1994-08-24
- Date: 1994-08-24
- Subjects: Burnett, Bill Bendyshe -- 1917-1994 Condolence notes Burnett family
- Type: Image
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/38753 , vital:24819 , This image is held at the Cory Library for Humanities Research at Rhodes University. For further information contact cory@ru.ac.za. The digitisation of this image was made possible through a generous grant received from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation 2014-2017. , MS 20 0083
- Description: This collection contains the letters of condolences, addressed to Sheila Burnett on the death of her husband Bill Bendyshe Burnett, who died on the 23rd of August 1994.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1994-08-24
Vergaderingskop, Hankey, Gamtoos Valley, Port Elizabeth
- Authors: Skead, C J (Cuthbert John)
- Date: 2003-09-07
- Subjects: Gamtoos River Valley (South Africa) , Baartman, Sarah -- Death and burial
- Type: still image
- Identifier: vital:12529 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013936
- Description: Behind smoke the remains of Sarah Bartmann (ca.1789-1815) were reintered on 9/8/2002. The kop so-called because the earliest Hankey settlers held public meetings there.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2003-09-07
- Authors: Skead, C J (Cuthbert John)
- Date: 2003-09-07
- Subjects: Gamtoos River Valley (South Africa) , Baartman, Sarah -- Death and burial
- Type: still image
- Identifier: vital:12529 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013936
- Description: Behind smoke the remains of Sarah Bartmann (ca.1789-1815) were reintered on 9/8/2002. The kop so-called because the earliest Hankey settlers held public meetings there.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2003-09-07
The effects of gold coated and uncoated zinc oxide nanohexagons on the photophysicochemical properties of the low symmetry zinc phthalocyanine
- D'Souza, Sarah, Ogbodu, Rachael, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: D'Souza, Sarah , Ogbodu, Rachael , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/189077 , vital:44814 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.06.088"
- Description: A new low symmetry, Zn phthalocyanine monosubstituted with diethylaminoethanethiol (mDEAET ZnPc) was synthesized and characterized. This work reports on its photophysical and photochemical properties of mDEAET ZnPc alone and when conjugated to gold coated and uncoated zinc oxide nanohexagons (ZnO NHXs). The photophysicochemical properties generally improved in the presence of the ZnO NHXs. These complexes were also tested for their photodynamic antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The Pc alone showed remarkable growth inhibition even at concentrations as low as 0.05 mg/mL. The conjugates showed a high photoinactivation of S. aureus after 30 min at a fluence of 90 mW cm−2 at a concentration of 0.05 mg/mL. The ZnPc-ZnO NHX conjugates produced the best antimicrobial results.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: D'Souza, Sarah , Ogbodu, Rachael , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/189077 , vital:44814 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.06.088"
- Description: A new low symmetry, Zn phthalocyanine monosubstituted with diethylaminoethanethiol (mDEAET ZnPc) was synthesized and characterized. This work reports on its photophysical and photochemical properties of mDEAET ZnPc alone and when conjugated to gold coated and uncoated zinc oxide nanohexagons (ZnO NHXs). The photophysicochemical properties generally improved in the presence of the ZnO NHXs. These complexes were also tested for their photodynamic antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The Pc alone showed remarkable growth inhibition even at concentrations as low as 0.05 mg/mL. The conjugates showed a high photoinactivation of S. aureus after 30 min at a fluence of 90 mW cm−2 at a concentration of 0.05 mg/mL. The ZnPc-ZnO NHX conjugates produced the best antimicrobial results.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
An exploration of absence and presence through the mediums of bronze, glass and resin figurative sculpture, within a narrative of memory
- Authors: Walmsley, Sarah-Anne
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Dualism in art
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42439 , vital:36656
- Description: This research study was based upon three critical components. These include absence and presence, memory and the female nude. The problem statement aimed to determine how compositionally sound pairings and groupings of bronze, glass and resin figurative sculptures may be manipulated to create visual equilibrium in a work and communicate an inherent conceptual element. This necessitated the following research question which explored what the role of memory and the imago is within dualistic representations of the absent and present, as represented in the mediums of bronze, glass and resin. The creative and research processes culminate in the body of artwork, entitled Absence and Presence: in Search of Memory and the Imago, which is presented as a narrative installation and exhibition of sculptural work. This body of work was driven by the creation of a signifier and allegory for an absent presence or present absence which will always evoke the contemplation of this interplay between these two terms and the ways in which they define and become one another within the narrative of personal memory. Personal memories will always collide with the present and bring with them the memories of absence, but encourage the subject to make tangible this absence in order to confront it and in doing so, realise that it cannot be addressed separately from the presence which defines it
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Walmsley, Sarah-Anne
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Dualism in art
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MTech
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42439 , vital:36656
- Description: This research study was based upon three critical components. These include absence and presence, memory and the female nude. The problem statement aimed to determine how compositionally sound pairings and groupings of bronze, glass and resin figurative sculptures may be manipulated to create visual equilibrium in a work and communicate an inherent conceptual element. This necessitated the following research question which explored what the role of memory and the imago is within dualistic representations of the absent and present, as represented in the mediums of bronze, glass and resin. The creative and research processes culminate in the body of artwork, entitled Absence and Presence: in Search of Memory and the Imago, which is presented as a narrative installation and exhibition of sculptural work. This body of work was driven by the creation of a signifier and allegory for an absent presence or present absence which will always evoke the contemplation of this interplay between these two terms and the ways in which they define and become one another within the narrative of personal memory. Personal memories will always collide with the present and bring with them the memories of absence, but encourage the subject to make tangible this absence in order to confront it and in doing so, realise that it cannot be addressed separately from the presence which defines it
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Reliability analysis: assessment of hardware and human reliability
- Authors: Mafu, Masakheke
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Bayesian statistical decision theory , Reliability (Engineering) , Human machine systems , Probabilities , Markov processes
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6280 , vital:21077
- Description: Most reliability analyses involve the analysis of binary data. Practitioners in the field of reliability place great emphasis on analysing the time periods over which items or systems function (failure time analyses), which make use of different statistical models. This study intends to introduce, review and investigate four statistical models for modeling failure times of non-repairable items, and to utilise a Bayesian methodology to achieve this. The exponential, Rayleigh, gamma and Weibull distributions will be considered. The performance of the two non-informative priors will be investigated. An application of two failure time distributions will be carried out. To meet these objectives, the failure rate and the reliability functions of failure time distributions are calculated. Two non-informative priors, the Jeffreys prior and the general divergence prior, and the corresponding posteriors are derived for each distribution. Simulation studies for each distribution are carried out, where the coverage rates and credible intervals lengths are calculated and the results of these are discussed. The gamma distribution and the Weibull distribution are applied to failure time data.The Jeffreys prior is found to have better coverage rate than the general divergence prior. The general divergence shows undercoverage when used with the Rayleigh distribution. The Jeffreys prior produces coverage rates that are conservative when used with the exponential distribution. These priors give, on average, the same average interval lengths and increase as the value of the parameter increases. Both priors perform similar when used with the gamma distribution and the Weibull distribution. A thorough discussion and review of human reliability analysis (HRA) techniques will be considered. Twenty human reliability analysis (HRA) techniques are discussed; providing a background, description and advantages and disadvantages for each. Case studies in the nuclear industry, railway industry, and aviation industry are presented to show the importance and applications of HRA. Human error has been shown to be the major contributor to system failure.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Mafu, Masakheke
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Bayesian statistical decision theory , Reliability (Engineering) , Human machine systems , Probabilities , Markov processes
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6280 , vital:21077
- Description: Most reliability analyses involve the analysis of binary data. Practitioners in the field of reliability place great emphasis on analysing the time periods over which items or systems function (failure time analyses), which make use of different statistical models. This study intends to introduce, review and investigate four statistical models for modeling failure times of non-repairable items, and to utilise a Bayesian methodology to achieve this. The exponential, Rayleigh, gamma and Weibull distributions will be considered. The performance of the two non-informative priors will be investigated. An application of two failure time distributions will be carried out. To meet these objectives, the failure rate and the reliability functions of failure time distributions are calculated. Two non-informative priors, the Jeffreys prior and the general divergence prior, and the corresponding posteriors are derived for each distribution. Simulation studies for each distribution are carried out, where the coverage rates and credible intervals lengths are calculated and the results of these are discussed. The gamma distribution and the Weibull distribution are applied to failure time data.The Jeffreys prior is found to have better coverage rate than the general divergence prior. The general divergence shows undercoverage when used with the Rayleigh distribution. The Jeffreys prior produces coverage rates that are conservative when used with the exponential distribution. These priors give, on average, the same average interval lengths and increase as the value of the parameter increases. Both priors perform similar when used with the gamma distribution and the Weibull distribution. A thorough discussion and review of human reliability analysis (HRA) techniques will be considered. Twenty human reliability analysis (HRA) techniques are discussed; providing a background, description and advantages and disadvantages for each. Case studies in the nuclear industry, railway industry, and aviation industry are presented to show the importance and applications of HRA. Human error has been shown to be the major contributor to system failure.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
An analysis of the internship programme in the Sarah Baartman Health District of the Eastern Cape: a model for effective implementation
- Authors: Feni, Monde Ludick
- Date: 2022-03
- Subjects: Internship programs , Public service employment , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23359 , vital:57617
- Description: The study’s main purpose was to evaluate the processes for Internship Programme Implementation in the Sarah Baartman Health District of the Eastern Cape Department of Health, to determine a Model that can be postulated for improving the Internship Programme Implementation in the Sarah Baartman Health District, wide Public Service and Private Sector. An empirical Study reveals the process for the Internship Programme Implementation has been marred with a significant number of challenges. As part of the recommendations, it was highly stressed that the Sarah Baartman Health District must adopt and embrace the Internship Programme Implementation Model in Figure 6.1 to effectively implement the Internship Programme as a means to deal with the challenges. Data was collected by the investigator from four main groups within the Sarah Baartman Health District. These were Senior Managers, Corporate Services Managers, Mentors, current and past interns. All these groups were directly involved in the internships in the Sarah Baartman Health District Health Department. The investigator got accurate and verified reflections, experiences and understandings of four constructs surrounding the internship programme and they include recruitment and employment of Interns using Best Practices, Training and Development Programmes for Interns Training, Performance Management and Development System for Interns and Mentoring as a Tool to Transfer Knowledge, Skills, Competencies and Attitudes required to Perform Optimally. During interviews, the researcher requested permission from the participants to record their responses digitally. This was done to make sure that no data was lost during the writing of responses from the participants. The questionnaires that were distributed to the interns and mentors had closed-ended questions, but the validity of the questionnaire was ensured by having a space for comments under each question to allow participants to support their answers. An analysis of the questionnaire was done by employing Microsoft Excel and statistics that are descriptive and inferential. The study findings revealed that the recruitment and employment of interns using best practices had a mean score above the required mean of 3, meaning that it is applied acceptably. As much as the construct is acceptable and meets the standard, the item in the construct that pertained to security checks for interns was not done and this is a worrying factor, meaning that the recruitment and employment of interns might be at risk of bringing in interns into the programme who are risky for the organisation. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-03
- Authors: Feni, Monde Ludick
- Date: 2022-03
- Subjects: Internship programs , Public service employment , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23359 , vital:57617
- Description: The study’s main purpose was to evaluate the processes for Internship Programme Implementation in the Sarah Baartman Health District of the Eastern Cape Department of Health, to determine a Model that can be postulated for improving the Internship Programme Implementation in the Sarah Baartman Health District, wide Public Service and Private Sector. An empirical Study reveals the process for the Internship Programme Implementation has been marred with a significant number of challenges. As part of the recommendations, it was highly stressed that the Sarah Baartman Health District must adopt and embrace the Internship Programme Implementation Model in Figure 6.1 to effectively implement the Internship Programme as a means to deal with the challenges. Data was collected by the investigator from four main groups within the Sarah Baartman Health District. These were Senior Managers, Corporate Services Managers, Mentors, current and past interns. All these groups were directly involved in the internships in the Sarah Baartman Health District Health Department. The investigator got accurate and verified reflections, experiences and understandings of four constructs surrounding the internship programme and they include recruitment and employment of Interns using Best Practices, Training and Development Programmes for Interns Training, Performance Management and Development System for Interns and Mentoring as a Tool to Transfer Knowledge, Skills, Competencies and Attitudes required to Perform Optimally. During interviews, the researcher requested permission from the participants to record their responses digitally. This was done to make sure that no data was lost during the writing of responses from the participants. The questionnaires that were distributed to the interns and mentors had closed-ended questions, but the validity of the questionnaire was ensured by having a space for comments under each question to allow participants to support their answers. An analysis of the questionnaire was done by employing Microsoft Excel and statistics that are descriptive and inferential. The study findings revealed that the recruitment and employment of interns using best practices had a mean score above the required mean of 3, meaning that it is applied acceptably. As much as the construct is acceptable and meets the standard, the item in the construct that pertained to security checks for interns was not done and this is a worrying factor, meaning that the recruitment and employment of interns might be at risk of bringing in interns into the programme who are risky for the organisation. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-03
Rethinking urban green infrastructure and ecosystem services from the perspective of sub-Saharan African cities
- Lindley, Sarah, Pauleit, Stephan, Yeshitela, Kumelachew, Cilliers, Sarel, Shackleton, Charlie M
- Authors: Lindley, Sarah , Pauleit, Stephan , Yeshitela, Kumelachew , Cilliers, Sarel , Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/398357 , vital:69403 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.08.016"
- Description: Urban green infrastructure and its ecosystem services are often conceptualised in terms of a predominantly western perspective of cities and their wider social, economic and environmental challenges. However, the benefits which are derived from urban ecosystems are equally – if not more – important in the cities of the developing world. Cities in sub-Saharan Africa are well known to be facing severe pressures. Nevertheless, despite the challenges of rapid population change, high levels of poverty and seemingly chaotic urban development processes, there are also tremendous opportunities. Realising the opportunities around urban green infrastructure and its benefits requires harnessing the inherent local knowledge and community innovation associated with a multitude of inter-connected urban social-ecological systems. Such systems are a powerful driving force shaping urban realities. Associated planning regimes are frequently lambasted as being either absent, weakly enforced, corrupt or wholly inappropriate. Much of this criticism is justified. However, it must also be recognised that decision-makers are frequently working in contexts which lack the scientific foundations through which their decision-making might be made more effective and complementary to bottom-up initiatives. The paucity of research into urban ecosystems in sub-Saharan Africa and the lack of development of context-specific conceptual, theoretical and empirical foundations is a problem which must be addressed. Drawing on papers from a Special Issue centred on urban green infrastructure and urban ecosystem services in sub-Saharan Africa, we consider what concepts and frameworks are in use and what needs to be considered when framing future research. We also synthesise key messages from the Special Issue and draw together themes to help create a new research agenda for the international research community.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Lindley, Sarah , Pauleit, Stephan , Yeshitela, Kumelachew , Cilliers, Sarel , Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/398357 , vital:69403 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.08.016"
- Description: Urban green infrastructure and its ecosystem services are often conceptualised in terms of a predominantly western perspective of cities and their wider social, economic and environmental challenges. However, the benefits which are derived from urban ecosystems are equally – if not more – important in the cities of the developing world. Cities in sub-Saharan Africa are well known to be facing severe pressures. Nevertheless, despite the challenges of rapid population change, high levels of poverty and seemingly chaotic urban development processes, there are also tremendous opportunities. Realising the opportunities around urban green infrastructure and its benefits requires harnessing the inherent local knowledge and community innovation associated with a multitude of inter-connected urban social-ecological systems. Such systems are a powerful driving force shaping urban realities. Associated planning regimes are frequently lambasted as being either absent, weakly enforced, corrupt or wholly inappropriate. Much of this criticism is justified. However, it must also be recognised that decision-makers are frequently working in contexts which lack the scientific foundations through which their decision-making might be made more effective and complementary to bottom-up initiatives. The paucity of research into urban ecosystems in sub-Saharan Africa and the lack of development of context-specific conceptual, theoretical and empirical foundations is a problem which must be addressed. Drawing on papers from a Special Issue centred on urban green infrastructure and urban ecosystem services in sub-Saharan Africa, we consider what concepts and frameworks are in use and what needs to be considered when framing future research. We also synthesise key messages from the Special Issue and draw together themes to help create a new research agenda for the international research community.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
HIV and metaphor: an imaginative response to illness
- Authors: Cardo, Julia Claire
- Date: 1998
- Subjects: HIV infections , Metaphor -- Psychological aspects , Imagery (Psychology) -- Therapeutic use
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2945 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002454 , HIV infections , Metaphor -- Psychological aspects , Imagery (Psychology) -- Therapeutic use
- Description: The medical model has been criticised for its failure to attend to individuals' experience of illness and the meaning they attribute to illness. HIV / AIDS has challenged its adequacy and brought the question of meaning in illness into sharp focus. This study aimed to understand what it means to live with HIV by exploring the fantasies, images and metaphors that make up the depth of such an experience. Phenomenology was deemed the appropriate approach, as it assigns epistemological significance to metaphor and ontological primacy to the lifeworld. An interview guide was fashioned from existing phenomenological literature and in-depth interviews were conducted with eight HIV -infected individuals. Five protocols were selected to constitute the study. In addition, an audio tape recording of one individual's metaphorical dialogue with HIV was obtained and transcribed. The three protocols with the richest content of imagery and metaphor were subjected to phenomenological explication. The remaining two protocols were used to support and clarify emergent meaning. A phenomenological explication of the data revealed a number of salient metaphors and themes. Upon being diagnosed with HIV, individuals were confronted with a socially and institutionally prescribed understanding of the disease; HIV as synonymous with AIDS and immediate death, HIV as sexual deviance, and HIV as myth. These metaphors influenced their conceptualisation and handling of HIV. Individual embodied metaphors included: embodying a heart of stone to live with HIV and perceiving HIV as a punishment from God, a demon from the Devil, a death sentence and a torture. Affectively, the experience of HIV was constituted as fear of physical disfigurement and exposure, anxiety, vulnerability, anger, betrayal, injustice and isolation. In a process of resolution and transformation, individuals imbibed positive metaphors with which to continue living with HIV. In order to cope with HIV, individuals seemed to negotiate a metaphorical space in which to dwell with their virus. This entailed establishing some form of dialogue with HIV or a Higher Power. This study revealed that metaphorical thinking about HIV /AIDS has a powerful impact on individuals' embodiment of their world. Metaphor is also an effective means Clf conveying and eliciting meaning in the experience of illness. Based upon these findings, it was suggested that metaphor be a prime focus for future research endeavours.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1998
- Authors: Cardo, Julia Claire
- Date: 1998
- Subjects: HIV infections , Metaphor -- Psychological aspects , Imagery (Psychology) -- Therapeutic use
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2945 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002454 , HIV infections , Metaphor -- Psychological aspects , Imagery (Psychology) -- Therapeutic use
- Description: The medical model has been criticised for its failure to attend to individuals' experience of illness and the meaning they attribute to illness. HIV / AIDS has challenged its adequacy and brought the question of meaning in illness into sharp focus. This study aimed to understand what it means to live with HIV by exploring the fantasies, images and metaphors that make up the depth of such an experience. Phenomenology was deemed the appropriate approach, as it assigns epistemological significance to metaphor and ontological primacy to the lifeworld. An interview guide was fashioned from existing phenomenological literature and in-depth interviews were conducted with eight HIV -infected individuals. Five protocols were selected to constitute the study. In addition, an audio tape recording of one individual's metaphorical dialogue with HIV was obtained and transcribed. The three protocols with the richest content of imagery and metaphor were subjected to phenomenological explication. The remaining two protocols were used to support and clarify emergent meaning. A phenomenological explication of the data revealed a number of salient metaphors and themes. Upon being diagnosed with HIV, individuals were confronted with a socially and institutionally prescribed understanding of the disease; HIV as synonymous with AIDS and immediate death, HIV as sexual deviance, and HIV as myth. These metaphors influenced their conceptualisation and handling of HIV. Individual embodied metaphors included: embodying a heart of stone to live with HIV and perceiving HIV as a punishment from God, a demon from the Devil, a death sentence and a torture. Affectively, the experience of HIV was constituted as fear of physical disfigurement and exposure, anxiety, vulnerability, anger, betrayal, injustice and isolation. In a process of resolution and transformation, individuals imbibed positive metaphors with which to continue living with HIV. In order to cope with HIV, individuals seemed to negotiate a metaphorical space in which to dwell with their virus. This entailed establishing some form of dialogue with HIV or a Higher Power. This study revealed that metaphorical thinking about HIV /AIDS has a powerful impact on individuals' embodiment of their world. Metaphor is also an effective means Clf conveying and eliciting meaning in the experience of illness. Based upon these findings, it was suggested that metaphor be a prime focus for future research endeavours.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1998