Van dagboek tot reisjoernaal : 'n literêre ondersoek na intertekstualiteit in Bidsprinkaan (2005) van André P. Brink
- Authors: Nagel, Amilinda
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: Brink, André Philippus, 1935-2015. Bidsprikaan , Afrikaans fiction -- 21st century -- History and criticism
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:8457 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1050 , Brink, André Philippus, 1935-2015. Bidsprikaan , Afrikaans fiction -- 21st century -- History and criticism
- Description: The dissertation offers a reception study followed by a critical analysis of Bidsprinkaan by André P. Brink [Praying Mantis, 2005], as well as a careful study of the relevant historical and anthropological intertexts pertaining to the text. This research adds to a fuller understanding of the history of Cupido Kakkerlak and the missionaries. Brink encoded the novel with certain historical and anthropological codes, well-hidden beneath the surface of his fictional writing, thus achieving a finely balanced interaction between fact and fiction in his novelistic construct. This novelistic amalgam of the imaginative world with the historical and anthropological material, gives multidimensionality to the text which is not visible at a first superficial reading. Failing to recognize the traces to these intertexts, would result in a lesser understanding of the conflicting fields in which the main character is positioned, specifically between indigenous belief and Christianity, as well as between indigenous culture and mythology on the one hand, and western culture on the other hand. The author ‘encodes’ the novel (to use the terminology of Jakobson’s communication model) with these historical and anthropological intertexts, which the reader has to ‘decode’ in order to unlock the novel. One central technique therefore, is that of interwoven fact and fiction. This is a technique employed in most of Brink’s novels, such as ‘n Oomblik in die wind, 1975 [An Instant in the Wind], Houd-den-Bek, 1982 [A chain of voices,], Die eerste lewe van Adamastor, 1986 [The First Life of Adamastor, 1993], Inteendeel, 1993 [On the Contrary, 1993] and Duiwelskloof, 1998 [Devil’s Valley, 1998]. Khoi and San history, culture and identity also figure centrally in these novels. A further aspect of my hypothesis is suggested by the politically correct Afrikaans title, Bidsprinkaan (the common nomenclature for the praying mantis is “hotnotsgot”, which roughly translates as “hottentots’ god”, with obvious racial pejorative suggestion). Brink’s use of “bidsprinkaan” for his title, alerts the reader to contemporary political sensitivity, thus contrasting the society of two centuries ago with the present. The more sophisticated reading process followed here compares colonial and postcolonial South African societies, and attempts to tease out the implied ideological facet embedded in the novel.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2009
- Authors: Nagel, Amilinda
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: Brink, André Philippus, 1935-2015. Bidsprikaan , Afrikaans fiction -- 21st century -- History and criticism
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:8457 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1050 , Brink, André Philippus, 1935-2015. Bidsprikaan , Afrikaans fiction -- 21st century -- History and criticism
- Description: The dissertation offers a reception study followed by a critical analysis of Bidsprinkaan by André P. Brink [Praying Mantis, 2005], as well as a careful study of the relevant historical and anthropological intertexts pertaining to the text. This research adds to a fuller understanding of the history of Cupido Kakkerlak and the missionaries. Brink encoded the novel with certain historical and anthropological codes, well-hidden beneath the surface of his fictional writing, thus achieving a finely balanced interaction between fact and fiction in his novelistic construct. This novelistic amalgam of the imaginative world with the historical and anthropological material, gives multidimensionality to the text which is not visible at a first superficial reading. Failing to recognize the traces to these intertexts, would result in a lesser understanding of the conflicting fields in which the main character is positioned, specifically between indigenous belief and Christianity, as well as between indigenous culture and mythology on the one hand, and western culture on the other hand. The author ‘encodes’ the novel (to use the terminology of Jakobson’s communication model) with these historical and anthropological intertexts, which the reader has to ‘decode’ in order to unlock the novel. One central technique therefore, is that of interwoven fact and fiction. This is a technique employed in most of Brink’s novels, such as ‘n Oomblik in die wind, 1975 [An Instant in the Wind], Houd-den-Bek, 1982 [A chain of voices,], Die eerste lewe van Adamastor, 1986 [The First Life of Adamastor, 1993], Inteendeel, 1993 [On the Contrary, 1993] and Duiwelskloof, 1998 [Devil’s Valley, 1998]. Khoi and San history, culture and identity also figure centrally in these novels. A further aspect of my hypothesis is suggested by the politically correct Afrikaans title, Bidsprinkaan (the common nomenclature for the praying mantis is “hotnotsgot”, which roughly translates as “hottentots’ god”, with obvious racial pejorative suggestion). Brink’s use of “bidsprinkaan” for his title, alerts the reader to contemporary political sensitivity, thus contrasting the society of two centuries ago with the present. The more sophisticated reading process followed here compares colonial and postcolonial South African societies, and attempts to tease out the implied ideological facet embedded in the novel.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2009
Aspekte van die prosa van André P Brink met spesifieke verwysing na Sandkastele (1995)
- Authors: Vermeulen, Liezel
- Date: 2003
- Subjects: Brink, André P (André Philippus), 1935-2015 -- Sandkastele Brink, André P (André Philippus), 1935-2015
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3605 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003809
- Description: Hierdie studie ondersoek aspekte van die prosa-oeuvre van die Suid-Afrikaanse outeur André P. Brink, met spesifieke verwysing na sy eerste post-apartheid roman Sandkastele (1995). Hierdie teks se feministiese hersiening van en alternatief tot die manlikgedomineerde en -gedokumenteerde amptelike geskiedenis van Suider-Afrika staan sentraal in die postmodernistiese, postkoloniale fase waarin die Brink prosa-oeuvre die verlede heroorweeg. Die pre-koloniale en koloniale verlede van die landstreek word herkaart deur die vertelling van stories van vroue van die verlede in 'n unieke vertelsituasie wat 'n her-verbeelde, tekstuele vrouegeskiedenis registreer. Die konsep "reimagination" wat ontwikkel in Brink se kritiese en literêr-teoretiese werke vanaf die publikasie van die essay "Imagining the real" in Mapmakers (1983) en Elleke Boehmer se konseptualisering van die tekstuele gevolge van dekolonisasie (1995) word ontgin. Spore van die magiese realisme, die postkolonialisme, die poststrukturalistiese postmodernisme en leeswyses en denkrigtings wat in die feminisme en genderstudies aandag geniet, word in Sandkastele se vertelling, narratiewe figure en ruimte ondersoek. Hierdie leesstrategie akkommodeer die Brink-oeuvre se voortdurende heroorweging en ontdekking van nuwe tekstuele moontlikhede, 'n proses wat gekenmerk word deur 'n reeks tematiese of konseptuele ontwikkelinge en die uit-en deurwerk van belangstellings van vorige Brinktekste. ABSTRACT: This study investigates aspects of the prose oeuvre of the South African author André P. Brink, with specific reference to his first post-apartheid novel Imaginings of Sand (1995). The feminist revisioning of the text as an alternative to the male-dominated and -documented official history of Southern Africa is central to the postmodernist, postcolonial phase of the Brink oeuvre in which the past is reconsidered. The pre-colonial and colonial past of the country is remapped through the stories of women of the past in a narrative construction which registers a re-imagined textual women's history. The concept "reimagination" which develops in Brink's critical and literary theoretical works from the publication of the essay "Imagining the real" in Mapmakers (1983) and Elleke Boehmer's conceptualisation of the textual effects of decolonisation (1995) is utilised. Traces of the magical realism, postcolonialism, poststructuralist postmodernism and approaches which are explored in feminism and gender studies are explored in Sandkastele's narrative construction, characters and space. This reading strategy accommodates the Brink oeuvre's continual re-evaluation and uncovering of new textual possibilities, a process that is characterised by a series of thematic or conceptual developments and the deployment of themes from previous Brink prose texts.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2003
- Authors: Vermeulen, Liezel
- Date: 2003
- Subjects: Brink, André P (André Philippus), 1935-2015 -- Sandkastele Brink, André P (André Philippus), 1935-2015
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3605 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003809
- Description: Hierdie studie ondersoek aspekte van die prosa-oeuvre van die Suid-Afrikaanse outeur André P. Brink, met spesifieke verwysing na sy eerste post-apartheid roman Sandkastele (1995). Hierdie teks se feministiese hersiening van en alternatief tot die manlikgedomineerde en -gedokumenteerde amptelike geskiedenis van Suider-Afrika staan sentraal in die postmodernistiese, postkoloniale fase waarin die Brink prosa-oeuvre die verlede heroorweeg. Die pre-koloniale en koloniale verlede van die landstreek word herkaart deur die vertelling van stories van vroue van die verlede in 'n unieke vertelsituasie wat 'n her-verbeelde, tekstuele vrouegeskiedenis registreer. Die konsep "reimagination" wat ontwikkel in Brink se kritiese en literêr-teoretiese werke vanaf die publikasie van die essay "Imagining the real" in Mapmakers (1983) en Elleke Boehmer se konseptualisering van die tekstuele gevolge van dekolonisasie (1995) word ontgin. Spore van die magiese realisme, die postkolonialisme, die poststrukturalistiese postmodernisme en leeswyses en denkrigtings wat in die feminisme en genderstudies aandag geniet, word in Sandkastele se vertelling, narratiewe figure en ruimte ondersoek. Hierdie leesstrategie akkommodeer die Brink-oeuvre se voortdurende heroorweging en ontdekking van nuwe tekstuele moontlikhede, 'n proses wat gekenmerk word deur 'n reeks tematiese of konseptuele ontwikkelinge en die uit-en deurwerk van belangstellings van vorige Brinktekste. ABSTRACT: This study investigates aspects of the prose oeuvre of the South African author André P. Brink, with specific reference to his first post-apartheid novel Imaginings of Sand (1995). The feminist revisioning of the text as an alternative to the male-dominated and -documented official history of Southern Africa is central to the postmodernist, postcolonial phase of the Brink oeuvre in which the past is reconsidered. The pre-colonial and colonial past of the country is remapped through the stories of women of the past in a narrative construction which registers a re-imagined textual women's history. The concept "reimagination" which develops in Brink's critical and literary theoretical works from the publication of the essay "Imagining the real" in Mapmakers (1983) and Elleke Boehmer's conceptualisation of the textual effects of decolonisation (1995) is utilised. Traces of the magical realism, postcolonialism, poststructuralist postmodernism and approaches which are explored in feminism and gender studies are explored in Sandkastele's narrative construction, characters and space. This reading strategy accommodates the Brink oeuvre's continual re-evaluation and uncovering of new textual possibilities, a process that is characterised by a series of thematic or conceptual developments and the deployment of themes from previous Brink prose texts.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2003
Drimia chalumnensis (Hyacinthaceae - Urgineoideae), a new species from Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Dold, Anthony P, Brink, Estelle
- Authors: Dold, Anthony P , Brink, Estelle
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6516 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005944
- Description: Drimia chalumnensis, a new inconspicuous dwarf species from the Albany Centre of Floristic Endemism in Eastern Cape, South Africa, is restricted to the coastal plains of the Chalumna river in small scattered aggregated colonies on exposed sandstone sheets in pockets of loose sandy soil. It is distinguished by its capitate inflorescence, separate, petiolate bulb scales, and prostrate, coriaceous, linear-lanceolate leaves with cartilaginous margins.
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- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Dold, Anthony P , Brink, Estelle
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6516 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005944
- Description: Drimia chalumnensis, a new inconspicuous dwarf species from the Albany Centre of Floristic Endemism in Eastern Cape, South Africa, is restricted to the coastal plains of the Chalumna river in small scattered aggregated colonies on exposed sandstone sheets in pockets of loose sandy soil. It is distinguished by its capitate inflorescence, separate, petiolate bulb scales, and prostrate, coriaceous, linear-lanceolate leaves with cartilaginous margins.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
Die metaroman : dekonstruksie-ondersoek
- Authors: Hambidge, Joan, 1956-
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Fiction -- 20th century -- History and criticism Experimental fiction -- History and criticism
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3611 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005056
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Hambidge, Joan, 1956-
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: Fiction -- 20th century -- History and criticism Experimental fiction -- History and criticism
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3611 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005056
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
Aspekte van die erotiek in enkele romans van André P Brink
- Authors: Milton, Laura
- Date: 1987
- Subjects: Brink, André P (André Philippus), 1935-2015 -- Criticism and interpretation
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3571 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002094 , Brink, André P (André Philippus), 1935-2015 -- Criticism and interpretation
- Description: Die doel van hierdie studie is om ondersoek in te stel na aspekte van die erotiek in enkele romans van André P. Brink. Die studie bestaan uit twee afsonderlike dele: genoem 'teorie' en 'praktyk'. In die teoretiese deel sal daar eerstens kortliks gekyk word na 'n definiering van enkele kernbegrippe - onder andere 'seksualiteit', 'erotiek' en 'pornografie'. Daar word nie gepoog om algemeen-geldende definisies te formuleer nie, maar eerder definisies wat nuttig is vir die doel van hierdie studie. Daarna sal ondersoek ingestel word na Brink self se teoretiese formulerings met betrekking tot die erotiek. In die tweede deel sal gekonsentreer word op die erotiek in die praktyk van Brink se romans. Eerstens sal die keuse van romans verduidelik word en dan sal daar oorgegaan word tot 'n bespreking van drie romans: Die ambassadeur (1963), Kennis van die Aand (1973) en 'n Oomblik in die wind (1975). Ten slotte sal die gevolgtrekkings van die studie kortliks saamgevat word (Introduction, p. 1)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1987
- Authors: Milton, Laura
- Date: 1987
- Subjects: Brink, André P (André Philippus), 1935-2015 -- Criticism and interpretation
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3571 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002094 , Brink, André P (André Philippus), 1935-2015 -- Criticism and interpretation
- Description: Die doel van hierdie studie is om ondersoek in te stel na aspekte van die erotiek in enkele romans van André P. Brink. Die studie bestaan uit twee afsonderlike dele: genoem 'teorie' en 'praktyk'. In die teoretiese deel sal daar eerstens kortliks gekyk word na 'n definiering van enkele kernbegrippe - onder andere 'seksualiteit', 'erotiek' en 'pornografie'. Daar word nie gepoog om algemeen-geldende definisies te formuleer nie, maar eerder definisies wat nuttig is vir die doel van hierdie studie. Daarna sal ondersoek ingestel word na Brink self se teoretiese formulerings met betrekking tot die erotiek. In die tweede deel sal gekonsentreer word op die erotiek in die praktyk van Brink se romans. Eerstens sal die keuse van romans verduidelik word en dan sal daar oorgegaan word tot 'n bespreking van drie romans: Die ambassadeur (1963), Kennis van die Aand (1973) en 'n Oomblik in die wind (1975). Ten slotte sal die gevolgtrekkings van die studie kortliks saamgevat word (Introduction, p. 1)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1987
Knowledge of drowning risks amongst adolescents in the Nelson Mandela Metropole, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
- Authors: Isaacs, Imeraan
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Primary health care
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPH
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18422 , vital:42264
- Description: The purpose of this research study was to explore and describe the knowledge and the level of awareness of drowning risks amongst adolescents in the Nelson Mandela Metropole, Eastern Cape Province, and South Africa. Drowning is defined as the “process of experiencing respiratory impairment from either submersion or immersion into a water medium” (van Beeck et al 2005:853). Global statistics place drowning as being the third foremost cause of unintentional death worldwide (WHO 2013). The World Health Organization reports that more than 90% of the estimated 370 000 drowning fatalities recorded in 2012 occurred in low and middle income countries (WHO 2014). A qualitative descriptive explorative contextual design was employed in this research study. A non-probability convenience sampling method was used. Adolescents aged 10- 13 years old who attend a public primary school and model C primary school in Nelson Mandela Metropole area in the Eastern Cape Province were the target population who had the specific characteristics of interest and significance to the research phenomenon (Asiamah et al 2017). Four focus group interviews were conducted. The groups consisted of five to ten participants grouped together to discuss the matter. Field notes were also taken by the researcher on what was heard, observed, thought and experienced during the interview process (Streubert & Carpenter 2007). Ethical principles were maintained as well as the concepts of trustworthiness were applied throughout this study.Data analysis was done using Tesch’s approach to open coding in qualitative research. A total of six themes and seven sub-themes arose during the analysis of the data and were completely discussed. The findings suggest that most of the participants are quite aware and knowledgeable of the potential risks that predispose an individual to drowning. The consequences of what happens when a victim is exposed to drowning, however, requires more insight. The risk of being unsupervised as well as not being able to swim was echoed in most of the group interviews. vii A noteworthy finding was the fact that the participants who were involved with some form of water safety programme/s at school were very articulate in their responses to the questions. It was recommended that educational programmes ought to be aligned with current evidence which is reflective of the region’s demographics and dynamics. Even though all researchers do not share the sentiments that swim proficiencies heighten the safety of the individual in and around water, the need for ongoing research initiatives is a significant stimulus that will generate new evidence and inform current preventive strategies. Identification and awareness of drowning risks require a foundation of comprehension in order to better understand and interpret the consequences of these risks. Learn to swim or swim orientation initiatives could potentially assist at primary school level with the safety levels of learners.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Isaacs, Imeraan
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Primary health care
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPH
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18422 , vital:42264
- Description: The purpose of this research study was to explore and describe the knowledge and the level of awareness of drowning risks amongst adolescents in the Nelson Mandela Metropole, Eastern Cape Province, and South Africa. Drowning is defined as the “process of experiencing respiratory impairment from either submersion or immersion into a water medium” (van Beeck et al 2005:853). Global statistics place drowning as being the third foremost cause of unintentional death worldwide (WHO 2013). The World Health Organization reports that more than 90% of the estimated 370 000 drowning fatalities recorded in 2012 occurred in low and middle income countries (WHO 2014). A qualitative descriptive explorative contextual design was employed in this research study. A non-probability convenience sampling method was used. Adolescents aged 10- 13 years old who attend a public primary school and model C primary school in Nelson Mandela Metropole area in the Eastern Cape Province were the target population who had the specific characteristics of interest and significance to the research phenomenon (Asiamah et al 2017). Four focus group interviews were conducted. The groups consisted of five to ten participants grouped together to discuss the matter. Field notes were also taken by the researcher on what was heard, observed, thought and experienced during the interview process (Streubert & Carpenter 2007). Ethical principles were maintained as well as the concepts of trustworthiness were applied throughout this study.Data analysis was done using Tesch’s approach to open coding in qualitative research. A total of six themes and seven sub-themes arose during the analysis of the data and were completely discussed. The findings suggest that most of the participants are quite aware and knowledgeable of the potential risks that predispose an individual to drowning. The consequences of what happens when a victim is exposed to drowning, however, requires more insight. The risk of being unsupervised as well as not being able to swim was echoed in most of the group interviews. vii A noteworthy finding was the fact that the participants who were involved with some form of water safety programme/s at school were very articulate in their responses to the questions. It was recommended that educational programmes ought to be aligned with current evidence which is reflective of the region’s demographics and dynamics. Even though all researchers do not share the sentiments that swim proficiencies heighten the safety of the individual in and around water, the need for ongoing research initiatives is a significant stimulus that will generate new evidence and inform current preventive strategies. Identification and awareness of drowning risks require a foundation of comprehension in order to better understand and interpret the consequences of these risks. Learn to swim or swim orientation initiatives could potentially assist at primary school level with the safety levels of learners.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Clinical experiences of third-year student nurses in a public college in the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Tyanti, Mandisa
- Date: 2014
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc (Nursing Science)
- Identifier: vital:11912 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1016097
- Description: Clinical experience has always been an important part of nursing education. Nursing colleges require students to be placed in clinical areas in order to acquire new knowledge and skills. The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the clinical experiences during their clinical placement of the third-year student nurses at a public college in the Eastern Cape. The objectives of this study were: to explore and describe the experiences of the third-year student of a public nursing college in the Eastern Cape, and to describe strategies for the improvement of student learning during clinical practice. A qualitative, explorative and descriptive research design was used to describe the clinical experiences of these student nurses and the strategies for the improvement of student learning during clinical practice. Data were collected from focus group interviews, using a purposive and convenience sample from one college campus in the Eastern Cape. Tesch’s method of data analysis (in Creswell, 2003) was used to analyse data. Trustworthiness was ensured in this research by using Guba’s model (in Lincoln & Guba, 1985) of qualitative research. Ethical approval was obtained from the University of Fort Hare Research Ethics Committee, the Department of Health, Eastern Cape, the Head of the Nursing College, the Campus Head and the participants and ethical consideration was ensured throughout the research process. Themes and sub-themes emerged from data collected about the clinical experiences of the nurses. The study brought to light the experiences of third-year student nurses during allocation to clinical areas. The findings from this study revealed the need for proper clinical accompaniment by college staff to ensure that clinical learning is taking place. Strategies to improve learning in the clinical areas are described. and recommendations for nursing education and nursing practice are made. If this is applied, it will help the student nurses to be better professionals.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Tyanti, Mandisa
- Date: 2014
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc (Nursing Science)
- Identifier: vital:11912 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1016097
- Description: Clinical experience has always been an important part of nursing education. Nursing colleges require students to be placed in clinical areas in order to acquire new knowledge and skills. The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the clinical experiences during their clinical placement of the third-year student nurses at a public college in the Eastern Cape. The objectives of this study were: to explore and describe the experiences of the third-year student of a public nursing college in the Eastern Cape, and to describe strategies for the improvement of student learning during clinical practice. A qualitative, explorative and descriptive research design was used to describe the clinical experiences of these student nurses and the strategies for the improvement of student learning during clinical practice. Data were collected from focus group interviews, using a purposive and convenience sample from one college campus in the Eastern Cape. Tesch’s method of data analysis (in Creswell, 2003) was used to analyse data. Trustworthiness was ensured in this research by using Guba’s model (in Lincoln & Guba, 1985) of qualitative research. Ethical approval was obtained from the University of Fort Hare Research Ethics Committee, the Department of Health, Eastern Cape, the Head of the Nursing College, the Campus Head and the participants and ethical consideration was ensured throughout the research process. Themes and sub-themes emerged from data collected about the clinical experiences of the nurses. The study brought to light the experiences of third-year student nurses during allocation to clinical areas. The findings from this study revealed the need for proper clinical accompaniment by college staff to ensure that clinical learning is taking place. Strategies to improve learning in the clinical areas are described. and recommendations for nursing education and nursing practice are made. If this is applied, it will help the student nurses to be better professionals.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
'n Ondersoek na die uitbeelding van Khoisan-karakters deur wit Afrikaanse prosateurs: 1994-2014
- Authors: December, Peter
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Khoikhoi (African people) -- South Africa -- History Khoikhoi (African people) -- Race identity -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/22070 , vital:29819
- Description: This dissertation offers a literary-thematic investigation based on a postcolonial approach to the representation of the Khoisan and their descendants. I restricted my scope to selected Afrikaans novels at the centre of critical attention between between 1994 and 2014. Earlier novels in this period under discussion are Dolf van Niekerk’s Koms van die hyreën (1994), Willem Kotze’s Tsats van die Kalahari (1994), Die spoorsnyer (1994), Olifantjagters (1997) and Gif (2001) by Piet van Rooyen, plus Karel Schoeman’s Verkenning (1996). Later texts in the focus are Duiwelskloof (1998) and Bidsprinkaan (2005) by André P. Brink, Dalene Matthee’s Pieternella van die Kaap (2000), Eben Venter’s Santa Gamka (2009) and most recently, the Hertzog prize winner of 2015, Buys by Willem Anker (2014). Themes central to South African literature will form the focus of the research, namely intercultural interaction between the first inhabitants of South Africa and missionaries, the question of land ownership, the language motif, and the role of religion (indigenous versus Western belief systems). Attention will also be on more specific issues such as the nature of the relationship between the Khoisan and the colonisers, the characterization of the Khoisan by the selected white authors, as well as other contemporary debates. The secondary objective of the study is to review the historical presence of the Khoisan and their descendants as reflected through the fictional lense of these authors writing over the last two decades, since democratization of the regime in 1994. My focus is particularly on the substantial cultural contribution of the Khoi and the San, as reflected through their representation in fictional works. The question will be posed whether the portrayal of Khoisan characters in novels after 1994 is different from the portrayal in fiction before 1994? My hypothesis is that in the fictional representation one finds a move towards restoration of their human dignity, yet the fact remains that all the authors are white. A different study of fictional works by coloured writers (whose numbers as Afrikaans authors grew substantially after 1994), investigating their representation of the descendants of the Khoi and the San, would in all probability yield radically different results, as the white authors imagine the characters and their consciousness from outside the community and the racial group, whereas the coloured writers belong to the community and the group that they portray.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: December, Peter
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Khoikhoi (African people) -- South Africa -- History Khoikhoi (African people) -- Race identity -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/22070 , vital:29819
- Description: This dissertation offers a literary-thematic investigation based on a postcolonial approach to the representation of the Khoisan and their descendants. I restricted my scope to selected Afrikaans novels at the centre of critical attention between between 1994 and 2014. Earlier novels in this period under discussion are Dolf van Niekerk’s Koms van die hyreën (1994), Willem Kotze’s Tsats van die Kalahari (1994), Die spoorsnyer (1994), Olifantjagters (1997) and Gif (2001) by Piet van Rooyen, plus Karel Schoeman’s Verkenning (1996). Later texts in the focus are Duiwelskloof (1998) and Bidsprinkaan (2005) by André P. Brink, Dalene Matthee’s Pieternella van die Kaap (2000), Eben Venter’s Santa Gamka (2009) and most recently, the Hertzog prize winner of 2015, Buys by Willem Anker (2014). Themes central to South African literature will form the focus of the research, namely intercultural interaction between the first inhabitants of South Africa and missionaries, the question of land ownership, the language motif, and the role of religion (indigenous versus Western belief systems). Attention will also be on more specific issues such as the nature of the relationship between the Khoisan and the colonisers, the characterization of the Khoisan by the selected white authors, as well as other contemporary debates. The secondary objective of the study is to review the historical presence of the Khoisan and their descendants as reflected through the fictional lense of these authors writing over the last two decades, since democratization of the regime in 1994. My focus is particularly on the substantial cultural contribution of the Khoi and the San, as reflected through their representation in fictional works. The question will be posed whether the portrayal of Khoisan characters in novels after 1994 is different from the portrayal in fiction before 1994? My hypothesis is that in the fictional representation one finds a move towards restoration of their human dignity, yet the fact remains that all the authors are white. A different study of fictional works by coloured writers (whose numbers as Afrikaans authors grew substantially after 1994), investigating their representation of the descendants of the Khoi and the San, would in all probability yield radically different results, as the white authors imagine the characters and their consciousness from outside the community and the racial group, whereas the coloured writers belong to the community and the group that they portray.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Experiences of midwives regarding the use of pharmacological and non-pharmacological labour pain interventions in Lejweleputswa district in Free State
- Parkies, Limakatso Elizabeth
- Authors: Parkies, Limakatso Elizabeth
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Anesthesia in obstetrics , Labor (Obstetrics) , Pain -- Treatment
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/27187 , vital:66387
- Description: Due to the disabling effects of severe labour pains, labour pain management remains an important topic in midwifery and needs to be reviewed more often. According to studies, various pain relief options, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological, are available to help women cope with pain, but midwives did not employ these techniques adequately because of various experiences. Studies further indicate that, though the limited number of these techniques were employed they were not effective on some women. Thus, the purpose of this research study was to explore and describe midwives’ experiences on pharmacological and non-pharmacological labour pain management in the Lejweleputswa District of the Free State Province. This study employed a qualitative, descriptive, explorative, and contextual design. A purposive sampling technique was used to select the participants. The target population was midwives who work in the maternity wards of the institutions under study with three to five years’ experience in midwifery. Individual, face-face, semi-structured interviews were conducted; these were recorded for the researcher’s reference purposes, so as not to overlook important information. In addition, the researcher made use of field notes, recording in them what was heard, observed, felt, experienced, and thought during the interview. Ethical principles and trustworthiness were maintained throughout this study. Data analysis was done using Tesch’s approach to open coding in qualitative research. Confidentiality and anonymity were ensured throughout the interviews. The nine themes and 19 sub-themes that emerged during data analysis were discussed comprehensively. The findings indicate that midwives use both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods in managing labour pain. Some methods are effective in relieving pain for certain mothers, while other methods proved ineffective. Midwives administer Pethidine and Phenergan as per doctors’ prescription; non-pharmacological methods, such as back massage, deep breathing exercises, mobilisation, and warm baths or showers are also employed. Midwives provide pharmacological methods to all women in labour, and routinely employ non-pharmacological methods. Although the midwives are willing to manage patients’ pain, they face certain challenges, such as shortage of staff, increased workload, as well as inadequate resources. This leads to inadequate provision of non-pharmacological care. In conclusion, the midwives’ experiences were that both pharmacological and non-pharmacological techniques were used for all labouring women and they had relaxing and calming effects on some women, resulting to them giving birth with ease, although for some they were not effective. In addition, the pharmacological interventions caused drowsiness to some women and babies. The findings will provide evidence-based information to the Free State Department of Health in order to assist policymakers and stakeholders in initiating and developing appropriate policies, guidelines, and interventions that can improve labour pain management. The Free State Department of Health should consider using other opioids and non-opioids in managing labour pain to broaden the scope of pain relief methods available to the midwives. , Thesis (MPH) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2019
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Parkies, Limakatso Elizabeth
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Anesthesia in obstetrics , Labor (Obstetrics) , Pain -- Treatment
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/27187 , vital:66387
- Description: Due to the disabling effects of severe labour pains, labour pain management remains an important topic in midwifery and needs to be reviewed more often. According to studies, various pain relief options, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological, are available to help women cope with pain, but midwives did not employ these techniques adequately because of various experiences. Studies further indicate that, though the limited number of these techniques were employed they were not effective on some women. Thus, the purpose of this research study was to explore and describe midwives’ experiences on pharmacological and non-pharmacological labour pain management in the Lejweleputswa District of the Free State Province. This study employed a qualitative, descriptive, explorative, and contextual design. A purposive sampling technique was used to select the participants. The target population was midwives who work in the maternity wards of the institutions under study with three to five years’ experience in midwifery. Individual, face-face, semi-structured interviews were conducted; these were recorded for the researcher’s reference purposes, so as not to overlook important information. In addition, the researcher made use of field notes, recording in them what was heard, observed, felt, experienced, and thought during the interview. Ethical principles and trustworthiness were maintained throughout this study. Data analysis was done using Tesch’s approach to open coding in qualitative research. Confidentiality and anonymity were ensured throughout the interviews. The nine themes and 19 sub-themes that emerged during data analysis were discussed comprehensively. The findings indicate that midwives use both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods in managing labour pain. Some methods are effective in relieving pain for certain mothers, while other methods proved ineffective. Midwives administer Pethidine and Phenergan as per doctors’ prescription; non-pharmacological methods, such as back massage, deep breathing exercises, mobilisation, and warm baths or showers are also employed. Midwives provide pharmacological methods to all women in labour, and routinely employ non-pharmacological methods. Although the midwives are willing to manage patients’ pain, they face certain challenges, such as shortage of staff, increased workload, as well as inadequate resources. This leads to inadequate provision of non-pharmacological care. In conclusion, the midwives’ experiences were that both pharmacological and non-pharmacological techniques were used for all labouring women and they had relaxing and calming effects on some women, resulting to them giving birth with ease, although for some they were not effective. In addition, the pharmacological interventions caused drowsiness to some women and babies. The findings will provide evidence-based information to the Free State Department of Health in order to assist policymakers and stakeholders in initiating and developing appropriate policies, guidelines, and interventions that can improve labour pain management. The Free State Department of Health should consider using other opioids and non-opioids in managing labour pain to broaden the scope of pain relief methods available to the midwives. , Thesis (MPH) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2019
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Experiences of midwives regarding the use of pharmacological and non-pharmacological labour pain interventions in Lejweleputswa District in Free State
- Parkies, Limakatso Elizabeth
- Authors: Parkies, Limakatso Elizabeth
- Date: 2022-03
- Subjects: Pharmacology , Anesthesia in obstetrics
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23567 , vital:58166
- Description: Due to the disabling effects of severe labour pains, labour pain management remains an important topic in midwifery and needs to be reviewed more often. According to studies, various pain relief options, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological, are available to help women cope with pain, but midwives did not employ these techniques adequately because of various experiences. Studies further indicate that, though the limited number of these techniques were employed they were not effective on some women. Thus, the purpose of this research study was to explore and describe midwives’ experiences on pharmacological and non-pharmacological labour pain management in the Lejweleputswa District of the Free State Province. This study employed a qualitative, descriptive, explorative, and contextual design. A purposive sampling technique was used to select the participants. The target population was midwives who work in the maternity wards of the institutions under study with three to five years’ experience in midwifery. Individual, face-face, semi-structured interviews were conducted; these were recorded for the researcher’s reference purposes, so as not to overlook important information. In addition, the researcher made use of field notes, recording in them what was heard, observed, felt, experienced, and thought during the interview. Ethical principles and trustworthiness were maintained throughout this study. Data analysis was done using Tesch’s approach to open coding in qualitative research. Confidentiality and anonymity were ensured throughout the interviews. The nine themes and 19 sub-themes that emerged during data analysis were discussed comprehensively. The findings indicate that midwives use both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods in managing labour pain. Some methods are effective in relieving pain for certain mothers, while other methods proved ineffective. Midwives administer Pethidine and Phenergan as per doctors’ prescription; non-pharmacological methods, such as back massage, deep breathing exercises, mobilisation, and warm baths or showers are also employed. Midwives provide pharmacological methods to all women in labour, and routinely employ non- pharmacological methods. Although the midwives are willing to manage patients’ pain, they face certain challenges, such as shortage of staff, increased workload, as well as inadequate resources. This leads to inadequate provision of non-pharmacological care. In conclusion, the midwives’ experiences were that both pharmacological and non-pharmacological techniques were used for all labouring women and they had relaxing and calming effects on some women, resulting to them giving birth with ease, although for some they were not effective. In addition, the pharmacological interventions caused drowsiness to some women and babies. The findings will provide evidence-based information to the Free State Department of Health in order to assist policymakers and stakeholders in initiating and developing appropriate policies, guidelines, and interventions that can improve labour pain management. The Free State Department of Health should consider using other opioids and non-opioids in managing labour pain to broaden the scope of pain relief methods available to the midwives. , Thesis (MPH) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-03
- Authors: Parkies, Limakatso Elizabeth
- Date: 2022-03
- Subjects: Pharmacology , Anesthesia in obstetrics
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23567 , vital:58166
- Description: Due to the disabling effects of severe labour pains, labour pain management remains an important topic in midwifery and needs to be reviewed more often. According to studies, various pain relief options, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological, are available to help women cope with pain, but midwives did not employ these techniques adequately because of various experiences. Studies further indicate that, though the limited number of these techniques were employed they were not effective on some women. Thus, the purpose of this research study was to explore and describe midwives’ experiences on pharmacological and non-pharmacological labour pain management in the Lejweleputswa District of the Free State Province. This study employed a qualitative, descriptive, explorative, and contextual design. A purposive sampling technique was used to select the participants. The target population was midwives who work in the maternity wards of the institutions under study with three to five years’ experience in midwifery. Individual, face-face, semi-structured interviews were conducted; these were recorded for the researcher’s reference purposes, so as not to overlook important information. In addition, the researcher made use of field notes, recording in them what was heard, observed, felt, experienced, and thought during the interview. Ethical principles and trustworthiness were maintained throughout this study. Data analysis was done using Tesch’s approach to open coding in qualitative research. Confidentiality and anonymity were ensured throughout the interviews. The nine themes and 19 sub-themes that emerged during data analysis were discussed comprehensively. The findings indicate that midwives use both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods in managing labour pain. Some methods are effective in relieving pain for certain mothers, while other methods proved ineffective. Midwives administer Pethidine and Phenergan as per doctors’ prescription; non-pharmacological methods, such as back massage, deep breathing exercises, mobilisation, and warm baths or showers are also employed. Midwives provide pharmacological methods to all women in labour, and routinely employ non- pharmacological methods. Although the midwives are willing to manage patients’ pain, they face certain challenges, such as shortage of staff, increased workload, as well as inadequate resources. This leads to inadequate provision of non-pharmacological care. In conclusion, the midwives’ experiences were that both pharmacological and non-pharmacological techniques were used for all labouring women and they had relaxing and calming effects on some women, resulting to them giving birth with ease, although for some they were not effective. In addition, the pharmacological interventions caused drowsiness to some women and babies. The findings will provide evidence-based information to the Free State Department of Health in order to assist policymakers and stakeholders in initiating and developing appropriate policies, guidelines, and interventions that can improve labour pain management. The Free State Department of Health should consider using other opioids and non-opioids in managing labour pain to broaden the scope of pain relief methods available to the midwives. , Thesis (MPH) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-03
Palynology and palaeo-environment of Pleistocene hyaena coprolites from an open-air site at Oyster Bay, Eastern Cape coast, South Africa
- Carrion, J S, Brink, J S, Scott, Lucy E P, Binneman, J N F
- Authors: Carrion, J S , Brink, J S , Scott, Lucy E P , Binneman, J N F
- Date: 2000
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7000 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008357
- Description: Hyaena coprolites in a soil horizon at Oyster Bay, Eastern Cape coast, South Africa, were found associated with abundant, early Last Glacial vertebrate faunal remains that were apparently accumulated by brown hyaenas and prehistoric humans. Artefacts of the Howieson's Poort sub-stage of the Middle Stone Age occur in the same soil. Although direct association between the different finds cannot be demonstrated, there is evidence to suggest that they are broadly contemporaneous. Pollen assemblages in the coprolites were dominated by Myrica and, to a lesser extent, Stoebe-Elytropappus type and Poaceae. Comparison with the modern pollen spectrum suggests that the past environment differed markedly from the current. The presence of Stoebe-Elytropappus, in particular, is considered to indicate a displacement of vegetation zones to lower altitudes. Both fossil pollen and fauna suggest a landscape with a complex mosaic of vegetation indicative of overall cooler, more inland conditions than today.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
- Authors: Carrion, J S , Brink, J S , Scott, Lucy E P , Binneman, J N F
- Date: 2000
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:7000 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008357
- Description: Hyaena coprolites in a soil horizon at Oyster Bay, Eastern Cape coast, South Africa, were found associated with abundant, early Last Glacial vertebrate faunal remains that were apparently accumulated by brown hyaenas and prehistoric humans. Artefacts of the Howieson's Poort sub-stage of the Middle Stone Age occur in the same soil. Although direct association between the different finds cannot be demonstrated, there is evidence to suggest that they are broadly contemporaneous. Pollen assemblages in the coprolites were dominated by Myrica and, to a lesser extent, Stoebe-Elytropappus type and Poaceae. Comparison with the modern pollen spectrum suggests that the past environment differed markedly from the current. The presence of Stoebe-Elytropappus, in particular, is considered to indicate a displacement of vegetation zones to lower altitudes. Both fossil pollen and fauna suggest a landscape with a complex mosaic of vegetation indicative of overall cooler, more inland conditions than today.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Reasons for failure of students nurses to present themselves for assessment of clinical skills at a public nursing college in the Eastern cape province
- Senti, Nomandithini Innocent
- Authors: Senti, Nomandithini Innocent
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Nursing students -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- Attitudes -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- In-service training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- Rating of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- Supervision of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nursing -- Ability testing -- Examinations , Nursing -- Standards -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nursing assessment -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc (Nursing Science)
- Identifier: vital:11907 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1006828 , Nursing students -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- Attitudes -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- In-service training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- Rating of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- Supervision of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nursing -- Ability testing -- Examinations , Nursing -- Standards -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nursing assessment -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Description: The focus of this study was to explore reasons for the failure of student nurses to present themselves for assessment of clinical skills at a public nursing college in the Eastern Cape. The objectives were to explore and describe reasons why these student nurses were not presenting themselves for such assessment of clinical skills; to develop strategies to motivate them to present themselves for clinical skills assessment; and to make recommendations for assessment of clinical skills. The population of the study was the second and the third-year student nurses undergoing a four-year comprehensive diploma course at a public college of nursing in the Eastern Cape. Non-probability convenience sampling was used. The research questions were, firstly, why the student nurses were not presenting themselves for assessment of clinical skills? Secondly, what recommendations could be made to motivate the student nurses to present themselves for clinical skills assessment? A qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual research design was used. Focus group interviews with six participants per group were used to collect data. The total number of participants five focus groups was 30 by the time data saturation was reached. Data were collected following the research question, “Why are you not presenting yourselves for clinical skill assessment?” Their responses were recorded using audiotape and notes with the help of an experienced colleague. Data was analysed following Teschʼs method. Findings presented one theme, being the reason for students not presenting themselves for feedback or delaying to do so. Categories indicated that students were afraid and overwhelmed with anxiety; had too much work to do; unpreparedness for learnt skills; equipment and resources; lack of confidence; and busy ward schedules. Subcategories included lecturersʼ attitude; unfamiliarity to lecturers accompanying them; having to study to master a lot of theory; having to prepare for many tests; unavailability of lecturers to mentor them; unavailability of unit professional nurses to guide them; reluctance of patients to be used for practising skills; a tendency not to practise skills; too many students; being used as work force; placement objectives; use of dolls for demonstration; tools used to support learning making reference to obsolete equipment; all skills demonstrated at the same time; lecturers improvising when they are demonstrating some skills, and not being released for practising of skills. The focus of this study was to explore reasons for the failure of student nurses to present themselves for assessment of clinical skills at a public nursing college in the Eastern Cape. The objectives were to explore and describe reasons why these student nurses were not presenting themselves for such assessment of clinical skills; to develop strategies to motivate them to present themselves for clinical skills assessment; and to make recommendations for assessment of clinical skills. The population of the study was the second and the third-year student nurses undergoing a four-year comprehensive diploma course at a public college of nursing in the Eastern Cape. Non-probability convenience sampling was used. The research questions were, firstly, why the student nurses were not presenting themselves for assessment of clinical skills? Secondly, what recommendations could be made to motivate the student nurses to present themselves for clinical skills assessment? A qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual research design was used. Focus group interviews with six participants per group were used to collect data. The total number of participants five focus groups was 30 by the time data saturation was reached. Data were collected following the research question, “Why are you not presenting yourselves for clinical skill assessment?” Their responses were recorded using audiotape and notes with the help of an experienced colleague. Data was analysed following Teschʼs method. Findings presented one theme, being the reason for students not presenting themselves for feedback or delaying to do so. Categories indicated that students were afraid and overwhelmed with anxiety; had too much work to do; unpreparedness for learnt skills; equipment and resources; lack of confidence; and busy ward schedules. Subcategories included lecturersʼ attitude; unfamiliarity to lecturers accompanying them; having to study to master a lot of theory; having to prepare for many tests; unavailability of lecturers to mentor them; unavailability of unit professional nurses to guide them; reluctance of patients to be used for practising skills; a tendency not to practise skills; too many students; being used as work force; placement objectives; use of dolls for demonstration; tools used to support learning making reference to obsolete equipment; all skills demonstrated at the same time; lecturers improvising when they are demonstrating some skills, and not being released for practising of skills. The researcher concluded that students had valid reasons for not presenting themselves for assessment of clinical skills but this could be rectified through the involvement of lectures, ward staff as well as students themselves. The researcher recommended that effective communication between the staff in clinical areas and the college is needed. Clinical laboratories needed laboratory managers and had to be well equipped. A revision of the student-lecturer ratio form feed-back on skills is also suggested.The researcher concluded that students had valid reasons for not presenting themselves for assessment of clinical skills but this could be rectified through the involvement of lectures, ward staff as well as students themselves. The researcher recommended that effective communication between the staff in clinical areas and the college is needed. Clinical laboratories needed laboratory managers and had to be well equipped. A revision of the student-lecturer ratio for feed-back on skills is also suggested.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Senti, Nomandithini Innocent
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Nursing students -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- Attitudes -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- In-service training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- Rating of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- Supervision of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nursing -- Ability testing -- Examinations , Nursing -- Standards -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nursing assessment -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc (Nursing Science)
- Identifier: vital:11907 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1006828 , Nursing students -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- Attitudes -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- In-service training -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- Rating of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nurses -- Supervision of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nursing -- Ability testing -- Examinations , Nursing -- Standards -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Nursing assessment -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Description: The focus of this study was to explore reasons for the failure of student nurses to present themselves for assessment of clinical skills at a public nursing college in the Eastern Cape. The objectives were to explore and describe reasons why these student nurses were not presenting themselves for such assessment of clinical skills; to develop strategies to motivate them to present themselves for clinical skills assessment; and to make recommendations for assessment of clinical skills. The population of the study was the second and the third-year student nurses undergoing a four-year comprehensive diploma course at a public college of nursing in the Eastern Cape. Non-probability convenience sampling was used. The research questions were, firstly, why the student nurses were not presenting themselves for assessment of clinical skills? Secondly, what recommendations could be made to motivate the student nurses to present themselves for clinical skills assessment? A qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual research design was used. Focus group interviews with six participants per group were used to collect data. The total number of participants five focus groups was 30 by the time data saturation was reached. Data were collected following the research question, “Why are you not presenting yourselves for clinical skill assessment?” Their responses were recorded using audiotape and notes with the help of an experienced colleague. Data was analysed following Teschʼs method. Findings presented one theme, being the reason for students not presenting themselves for feedback or delaying to do so. Categories indicated that students were afraid and overwhelmed with anxiety; had too much work to do; unpreparedness for learnt skills; equipment and resources; lack of confidence; and busy ward schedules. Subcategories included lecturersʼ attitude; unfamiliarity to lecturers accompanying them; having to study to master a lot of theory; having to prepare for many tests; unavailability of lecturers to mentor them; unavailability of unit professional nurses to guide them; reluctance of patients to be used for practising skills; a tendency not to practise skills; too many students; being used as work force; placement objectives; use of dolls for demonstration; tools used to support learning making reference to obsolete equipment; all skills demonstrated at the same time; lecturers improvising when they are demonstrating some skills, and not being released for practising of skills. The focus of this study was to explore reasons for the failure of student nurses to present themselves for assessment of clinical skills at a public nursing college in the Eastern Cape. The objectives were to explore and describe reasons why these student nurses were not presenting themselves for such assessment of clinical skills; to develop strategies to motivate them to present themselves for clinical skills assessment; and to make recommendations for assessment of clinical skills. The population of the study was the second and the third-year student nurses undergoing a four-year comprehensive diploma course at a public college of nursing in the Eastern Cape. Non-probability convenience sampling was used. The research questions were, firstly, why the student nurses were not presenting themselves for assessment of clinical skills? Secondly, what recommendations could be made to motivate the student nurses to present themselves for clinical skills assessment? A qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual research design was used. Focus group interviews with six participants per group were used to collect data. The total number of participants five focus groups was 30 by the time data saturation was reached. Data were collected following the research question, “Why are you not presenting yourselves for clinical skill assessment?” Their responses were recorded using audiotape and notes with the help of an experienced colleague. Data was analysed following Teschʼs method. Findings presented one theme, being the reason for students not presenting themselves for feedback or delaying to do so. Categories indicated that students were afraid and overwhelmed with anxiety; had too much work to do; unpreparedness for learnt skills; equipment and resources; lack of confidence; and busy ward schedules. Subcategories included lecturersʼ attitude; unfamiliarity to lecturers accompanying them; having to study to master a lot of theory; having to prepare for many tests; unavailability of lecturers to mentor them; unavailability of unit professional nurses to guide them; reluctance of patients to be used for practising skills; a tendency not to practise skills; too many students; being used as work force; placement objectives; use of dolls for demonstration; tools used to support learning making reference to obsolete equipment; all skills demonstrated at the same time; lecturers improvising when they are demonstrating some skills, and not being released for practising of skills. The researcher concluded that students had valid reasons for not presenting themselves for assessment of clinical skills but this could be rectified through the involvement of lectures, ward staff as well as students themselves. The researcher recommended that effective communication between the staff in clinical areas and the college is needed. Clinical laboratories needed laboratory managers and had to be well equipped. A revision of the student-lecturer ratio form feed-back on skills is also suggested.The researcher concluded that students had valid reasons for not presenting themselves for assessment of clinical skills but this could be rectified through the involvement of lectures, ward staff as well as students themselves. The researcher recommended that effective communication between the staff in clinical areas and the college is needed. Clinical laboratories needed laboratory managers and had to be well equipped. A revision of the student-lecturer ratio for feed-back on skills is also suggested.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
A technical survey of the South African harvesting machine population
- Authors: Mathelele, Ouma Florah
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Harvesting -- South Africa , Energy harvesting -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/40999 , vital:36281
- Description: South Africa adopted the practice of conducting technical surveys from Austria three decades ago. The Austrian technical survey was used to model the South African technical survey. The survey was conducted with the aim of providing the forestry industry with a detailed analysis of the state of timber harvesting operations. The first technical survey in South Africa was conducted in 1987, and the second one in 1998. The most recent study was carried out in 2007. Since 2007, there has been no other technical survey of a similar nature conducted on harvesting and transport operations. There is no recent information quantifying the volumes harvested, identifying harvesting systems and methods used, and determining volumes harvested using these systems and methods. Furthermore, no updated information exists on the type and quantities of timber trucks transporting the volume. A fourth technical survey that quantifies and analyses these aspects in harvesting operations, therefore, was due. The fourth technical survey aimed at quantifying the number of harvesting machines and timber trucks. The survey further investigated the drivers behind the mechanisation and system preference. The four technical surveys were compared to identify trends in harvesting machines and methods. The data were collected from grower companies, harvesting and transport contractors and small-scale timber growers. Questionnaires were sent to all potential respondents from the three target groups, and interviews were later conducted with selected respondents. The harvesting machines were quantified per function i.e. felling, extraction, processing and loading. The results showed that some machines were more common compared to other machines performing the same function. Mechanised felling machines sampled had more units in the fourth survey than the previous surveys had. Of the 10.6 million m3 volume surveyed in 2017, chainsaws had 1 048 units, and their number had decreased from the 5 000 sampled in the first technical survey in 1987 that sampled about 12.8 million m3. Harvesters and feller bunchers also increased from zero in the first technical survey to 94 and 13, respectively in the fourth survey. The drivers towards the increased use of mechanised equipment were identified as safety and health, ergonomics, productivity, labour issues, operational costs, terrain, and company policies. Despite the introduction of mechanisation, however, the use of manual labour was evident in hardwood processing and loading operations. Manual debarking was more common than mechanised debarking in the fourth technical survey. When comparing all four technical surveys, the cut to length (CTL) harvesting method was dominant in hardwood; harvesting 79% of the volume sampled in the 2017 survey. The full tree method was barely applied in the first three technical surveys and in the 2007 survey, it was absent. It was only in the fourth technical survey that the method was applied, felling 27% and 9% of the sampled volumes in softwood and hardwood, respectively. The technical survey provides information to the different stakeholders in the forest industry. Such include harvesting managers and contractors, grower companies, machine distributors and researchers. The information will bring awareness to harvesting managers and contractors about the different machine options available to assist in decision making when selecting systems. Machine distributors will know the number of machines, where machines are operating and their target market. A gap in knowledge will be bridged between the different provinces regarding the different types of harvesting machines out there.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Mathelele, Ouma Florah
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Harvesting -- South Africa , Energy harvesting -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/40999 , vital:36281
- Description: South Africa adopted the practice of conducting technical surveys from Austria three decades ago. The Austrian technical survey was used to model the South African technical survey. The survey was conducted with the aim of providing the forestry industry with a detailed analysis of the state of timber harvesting operations. The first technical survey in South Africa was conducted in 1987, and the second one in 1998. The most recent study was carried out in 2007. Since 2007, there has been no other technical survey of a similar nature conducted on harvesting and transport operations. There is no recent information quantifying the volumes harvested, identifying harvesting systems and methods used, and determining volumes harvested using these systems and methods. Furthermore, no updated information exists on the type and quantities of timber trucks transporting the volume. A fourth technical survey that quantifies and analyses these aspects in harvesting operations, therefore, was due. The fourth technical survey aimed at quantifying the number of harvesting machines and timber trucks. The survey further investigated the drivers behind the mechanisation and system preference. The four technical surveys were compared to identify trends in harvesting machines and methods. The data were collected from grower companies, harvesting and transport contractors and small-scale timber growers. Questionnaires were sent to all potential respondents from the three target groups, and interviews were later conducted with selected respondents. The harvesting machines were quantified per function i.e. felling, extraction, processing and loading. The results showed that some machines were more common compared to other machines performing the same function. Mechanised felling machines sampled had more units in the fourth survey than the previous surveys had. Of the 10.6 million m3 volume surveyed in 2017, chainsaws had 1 048 units, and their number had decreased from the 5 000 sampled in the first technical survey in 1987 that sampled about 12.8 million m3. Harvesters and feller bunchers also increased from zero in the first technical survey to 94 and 13, respectively in the fourth survey. The drivers towards the increased use of mechanised equipment were identified as safety and health, ergonomics, productivity, labour issues, operational costs, terrain, and company policies. Despite the introduction of mechanisation, however, the use of manual labour was evident in hardwood processing and loading operations. Manual debarking was more common than mechanised debarking in the fourth technical survey. When comparing all four technical surveys, the cut to length (CTL) harvesting method was dominant in hardwood; harvesting 79% of the volume sampled in the 2017 survey. The full tree method was barely applied in the first three technical surveys and in the 2007 survey, it was absent. It was only in the fourth technical survey that the method was applied, felling 27% and 9% of the sampled volumes in softwood and hardwood, respectively. The technical survey provides information to the different stakeholders in the forest industry. Such include harvesting managers and contractors, grower companies, machine distributors and researchers. The information will bring awareness to harvesting managers and contractors about the different machine options available to assist in decision making when selecting systems. Machine distributors will know the number of machines, where machines are operating and their target market. A gap in knowledge will be bridged between the different provinces regarding the different types of harvesting machines out there.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Narratiewe strategieë by die ondersoek van die verlede in twee romans, naamlik Lijken op liefde (1997) deur Astrid H. Roemer en Duiwelskloof (1998) deur André P. Brink
- Authors: Potgieter, Maretha
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Roemer, Astrid. Lijken op liefde , Brink, André Philippus, 1935- Duiwelskloof
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3578 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002151 , Roemer, Astrid. Lijken op liefde , Brink, André Philippus, 1935- Duiwelskloof
- Description: This study investigates some of the narrative strategies used by two novels, namely Lijken op Liefde (1997) by the Surinam born author Astrid H. Roemer and Duiwelskloof (1998) by the South African André P. Brink, in their exploration of and dialogue with traumatic pasts. Both texts are written within so-called postcolonial time frames, delve into the personal and collective past and attempt to provide a corrective on knowledges that used to be deemed not useful, unimportant or have been forgotten by official historiography. The theoretical base of the study is an eclectic mixture of both postcolonial and postmodern theories, throwing light on the strategies employed by these novels in order to understand, problematise and creatively exploit the past. , Hierdie studie kyk na sommige van die narratiewe strategieë binne twee romans, naamlik Lijken op Liefde (1997) deur die Surinaams-gebore outeur Astrid H. Roemer en Duiwelskloof (1998) deur die Suid-Afrikaner André P. Brink, in hulle ondersoek na en dialoog met die traumatiese verlede. Beide tekste is geskryf binne sogenaamde postkoloniale tydvakke, delf in die persoonlike en kollektiewe verlede, en verskaf ’n korrektief op die dinge wat as onbruikbaar of onbelangrik beskou is, of vergete geraak het binne die offisiële historiografie. Die teoretiese basis van die studie is ’n eklektiese mengsel van beide postkoloniale en postmoderne teorieë wat lig werp op die strategieë wat hierdie tekste gebruik om die verlede te verstaan, te problematiseer en kreatief te ontgin.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
- Authors: Potgieter, Maretha
- Date: 2002
- Subjects: Roemer, Astrid. Lijken op liefde , Brink, André Philippus, 1935- Duiwelskloof
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3578 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002151 , Roemer, Astrid. Lijken op liefde , Brink, André Philippus, 1935- Duiwelskloof
- Description: This study investigates some of the narrative strategies used by two novels, namely Lijken op Liefde (1997) by the Surinam born author Astrid H. Roemer and Duiwelskloof (1998) by the South African André P. Brink, in their exploration of and dialogue with traumatic pasts. Both texts are written within so-called postcolonial time frames, delve into the personal and collective past and attempt to provide a corrective on knowledges that used to be deemed not useful, unimportant or have been forgotten by official historiography. The theoretical base of the study is an eclectic mixture of both postcolonial and postmodern theories, throwing light on the strategies employed by these novels in order to understand, problematise and creatively exploit the past. , Hierdie studie kyk na sommige van die narratiewe strategieë binne twee romans, naamlik Lijken op Liefde (1997) deur die Surinaams-gebore outeur Astrid H. Roemer en Duiwelskloof (1998) deur die Suid-Afrikaner André P. Brink, in hulle ondersoek na en dialoog met die traumatiese verlede. Beide tekste is geskryf binne sogenaamde postkoloniale tydvakke, delf in die persoonlike en kollektiewe verlede, en verskaf ’n korrektief op die dinge wat as onbruikbaar of onbelangrik beskou is, of vergete geraak het binne die offisiële historiografie. Die teoretiese basis van die studie is ’n eklektiese mengsel van beide postkoloniale en postmoderne teorieë wat lig werp op die strategieë wat hierdie tekste gebruik om die verlede te verstaan, te problematiseer en kreatief te ontgin.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2002
Experiences of professional nurses working in rural primary health care clinics regarding the nursing management of mentally ill clients in the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Tuswa, Bulelwa Martha
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Psychiatric nursing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Community health nursing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Mentally ill -- Patients -- Care
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/18507 , vital:28652
- Description: In South Africa, mental health care is being integrated into primary health care services. The integration of services was aimed at increasing the accessibility and availability of all health care services at primary health care level. The integration was well intentioned, and it was hoped that mentally ill clients would benefit from having a service near their homes. However, the process of integration is fraught with challenges, for instance, staff shortages, which lead to ineffective nursing management of mentally ill clients at the primary health care clinics. As a result, one professional nurse is often allocated to manage the clinic services on a daily basis with the assistance of an enrolled nurse or auxiliary nurse. The professional nurses therefore experience high levels of stress due to gross staff shortages and lack of time to conduct proper nursing assessments. This led to the research question: “What are the experiences of professional nurses with regards to the nursing management of mentally ill clients in rural primary health care clinics in the O.R. Tambo District in the Eastern Cape?’’ The proposed objectives of the study were to explore and describe the experiences of professional nurses working in rural primary health care clinics with regard to the nursing management of mentally ill clients. The researcher thereafter made recommendations to the district managers regarding effective nursing management of mentally ill clients in rural primary health care clinics. A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual design was used. The research population comprised of professional nurses working in rural primary health care clinics in the O.R. Tambo District in the Eastern Cape. Purposive sampling was used to identify participants and the sample number was determined by data saturation. Unstructured interviews and observation notes were used to collect data. The eight steps of data analysis suggested by Tesch were utilized to analyze the data. The researcher conducted an in-depth literature review in order to identify research gaps pertaining to the study. To ensure that a high level of validity and reliability was exercised throughout the study, the researcher conformed to Lincoln and Guba’s model of trustworthiness. The study was conducted in an ethical manner and ethical principles were adhered to. Findings: Three themes with subthemes emerged. The study showed that professional nurses experienced challenges related to the nursing management of mentally ill clients. These challenges included shortage of staff, a heavy workload, and lack of resources, lack of in-service training and workshops related to mental health issues coupled with lack of support from the supervisors. Due to the challenges, the mentally ill clients were not getting quality nursing care leading to complications and relapse. Conclusion: It emerged from the study that matters pertaining to mental illness and mental discomfort were still a serious problem in rural areas. The problems were related to the challenges which prevented professional nurses from providing quality nursing care to mentally ill clients with subsequent complications and relapse. Recommendations: Recommendations were made as an effort to ensure that the nursing management of mentally ill clients in rural primary health care clinics is improved. These recommendations were categorized as related to nursing practice, nursing education and nursing research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Tuswa, Bulelwa Martha
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Psychiatric nursing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Community health nursing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Mentally ill -- Patients -- Care
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/18507 , vital:28652
- Description: In South Africa, mental health care is being integrated into primary health care services. The integration of services was aimed at increasing the accessibility and availability of all health care services at primary health care level. The integration was well intentioned, and it was hoped that mentally ill clients would benefit from having a service near their homes. However, the process of integration is fraught with challenges, for instance, staff shortages, which lead to ineffective nursing management of mentally ill clients at the primary health care clinics. As a result, one professional nurse is often allocated to manage the clinic services on a daily basis with the assistance of an enrolled nurse or auxiliary nurse. The professional nurses therefore experience high levels of stress due to gross staff shortages and lack of time to conduct proper nursing assessments. This led to the research question: “What are the experiences of professional nurses with regards to the nursing management of mentally ill clients in rural primary health care clinics in the O.R. Tambo District in the Eastern Cape?’’ The proposed objectives of the study were to explore and describe the experiences of professional nurses working in rural primary health care clinics with regard to the nursing management of mentally ill clients. The researcher thereafter made recommendations to the district managers regarding effective nursing management of mentally ill clients in rural primary health care clinics. A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual design was used. The research population comprised of professional nurses working in rural primary health care clinics in the O.R. Tambo District in the Eastern Cape. Purposive sampling was used to identify participants and the sample number was determined by data saturation. Unstructured interviews and observation notes were used to collect data. The eight steps of data analysis suggested by Tesch were utilized to analyze the data. The researcher conducted an in-depth literature review in order to identify research gaps pertaining to the study. To ensure that a high level of validity and reliability was exercised throughout the study, the researcher conformed to Lincoln and Guba’s model of trustworthiness. The study was conducted in an ethical manner and ethical principles were adhered to. Findings: Three themes with subthemes emerged. The study showed that professional nurses experienced challenges related to the nursing management of mentally ill clients. These challenges included shortage of staff, a heavy workload, and lack of resources, lack of in-service training and workshops related to mental health issues coupled with lack of support from the supervisors. Due to the challenges, the mentally ill clients were not getting quality nursing care leading to complications and relapse. Conclusion: It emerged from the study that matters pertaining to mental illness and mental discomfort were still a serious problem in rural areas. The problems were related to the challenges which prevented professional nurses from providing quality nursing care to mentally ill clients with subsequent complications and relapse. Recommendations: Recommendations were made as an effort to ensure that the nursing management of mentally ill clients in rural primary health care clinics is improved. These recommendations were categorized as related to nursing practice, nursing education and nursing research.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Sculpting with fire: celebrating ephemerality at AfrikaBurn 2015 in the Tankwa Karoo, South Africa
- Authors: Steele, John
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/957 , vital:30075
- Description: Land art, and some installation art, is usually aimed at relatively temporarily manipulating the surface of the earth. AfrikaBurn takes place annually in the near-desert of the Tankwa Karoo, South Africa. It is a communal event unique to Africa, and manifests as a fleeting week-long series of interventions in the natural environment, partially aimed at creating and then actively destroying free-standing public sculptures, some of which are huge and intricate. AfrikaBurn gives any one of the thousands of participants an opportunity to be inspired on any scale to generate artworks that take into account a principle that no debris whatsoever is left behind on the surface of the earth after a week-long celebration of creative energies. Unlike, for instance, an artwork built on the edge of the Indian Ocean in the Eastern Cape, where rough tidal seas would ensure gradual destruction, at AfrikaBurn, the sacrificial method of choice is controlled rapid burning, under the direction of a specified firemaster. This paper seeks to unbundle some aspects of land and installation art in Southern Africa with specific reference to AfrikaBurn 2015 events and anti-fracking initiatives. This is within a context that takes into account recognition that even seemingly durable public sculptures are subject to change and may even physically disappear with the passing of time.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Steele, John
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/11260/957 , vital:30075
- Description: Land art, and some installation art, is usually aimed at relatively temporarily manipulating the surface of the earth. AfrikaBurn takes place annually in the near-desert of the Tankwa Karoo, South Africa. It is a communal event unique to Africa, and manifests as a fleeting week-long series of interventions in the natural environment, partially aimed at creating and then actively destroying free-standing public sculptures, some of which are huge and intricate. AfrikaBurn gives any one of the thousands of participants an opportunity to be inspired on any scale to generate artworks that take into account a principle that no debris whatsoever is left behind on the surface of the earth after a week-long celebration of creative energies. Unlike, for instance, an artwork built on the edge of the Indian Ocean in the Eastern Cape, where rough tidal seas would ensure gradual destruction, at AfrikaBurn, the sacrificial method of choice is controlled rapid burning, under the direction of a specified firemaster. This paper seeks to unbundle some aspects of land and installation art in Southern Africa with specific reference to AfrikaBurn 2015 events and anti-fracking initiatives. This is within a context that takes into account recognition that even seemingly durable public sculptures are subject to change and may even physically disappear with the passing of time.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Factors enhancing readmission of mental health care users to a mental health unit in East London as described by their caregivers
- Authors: Mahashe, Nozizwe Patricia
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc (Psychiatric Nursing Science)
- Identifier: vital:11925 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1021067
- Description: Readmission of mental healthcare users is a global challenge and concern which is associated with high costs. Readmission has negative effects as it is believed to promote dependency, demoralize patients and cause workload for staff. Re-admissions also bring a burden to caregivers and affect the caregiver’s health. In the light of this background, the aim of the study was to explore and describe factors enhancing readmission of mental health care users (MHCUs) to a mental health unit in East London as described by their caregivers. The objectives of the study were to: explore factors enhancing readmission of mental health care users in a mental health unit in East London as described by their caregivers and to document recommendations elicited from the findings of the study. A qualitative approach was used to collect and analyze data. The study used a descriptive and explorative design. Sampling was done using the purposive non-probability method. Unstructured face- to- face interviews were conducted using an interview guide. Fifteen (15) caregivers of MHCUs who had been readmitted to a mental health unit in East London were interviewed .The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The findings of this study suggest that non adherence to treatment, refusing to take treatment, defaulting treatment, denial, indulging in substance abuse, stigma, effects of disease, violence and aggressive behavior are the factors enhancing readmission of MCHUs to a mental health unit in East London. A better understanding of readmission of MHCUs can lead to early intervention and early planning of care. It is envisaged that psycho education, home visits and collaboration of clinic staff with hospital staff may decrease readmission of mental health care users in this unit.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Mahashe, Nozizwe Patricia
- Date: 2015
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc (Psychiatric Nursing Science)
- Identifier: vital:11925 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1021067
- Description: Readmission of mental healthcare users is a global challenge and concern which is associated with high costs. Readmission has negative effects as it is believed to promote dependency, demoralize patients and cause workload for staff. Re-admissions also bring a burden to caregivers and affect the caregiver’s health. In the light of this background, the aim of the study was to explore and describe factors enhancing readmission of mental health care users (MHCUs) to a mental health unit in East London as described by their caregivers. The objectives of the study were to: explore factors enhancing readmission of mental health care users in a mental health unit in East London as described by their caregivers and to document recommendations elicited from the findings of the study. A qualitative approach was used to collect and analyze data. The study used a descriptive and explorative design. Sampling was done using the purposive non-probability method. Unstructured face- to- face interviews were conducted using an interview guide. Fifteen (15) caregivers of MHCUs who had been readmitted to a mental health unit in East London were interviewed .The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The findings of this study suggest that non adherence to treatment, refusing to take treatment, defaulting treatment, denial, indulging in substance abuse, stigma, effects of disease, violence and aggressive behavior are the factors enhancing readmission of MCHUs to a mental health unit in East London. A better understanding of readmission of MHCUs can lead to early intervention and early planning of care. It is envisaged that psycho education, home visits and collaboration of clinic staff with hospital staff may decrease readmission of mental health care users in this unit.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Knowledge, attitudes and practises of professional nurses working with patients with tuberculosis in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District
- Authors: Nxumalo, Avela
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Tuberculosis -- Patients -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Tuberculosis -- Treatment -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Primary health care -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Professional Nursing -- Dissertations
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/33715 , vital:32994
- Description: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major public health problems worldwide, and includes the development of drug resistant TB. Tuberculosis is reportedly the second most common infectious cause of death worldwide and thus a global threat. In 2014, 9.6 million people were estimated to have TB and 1.5 million people died of the disease worldwide. South Africa is one of the African countries with the highest burden of TB with 1% of the population of about 50 000 000 who develop the TB disease each year. The research study explored and described the knowledge, attitudes and practices of professional nurses working with patients with TB in primary health care clinics in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District (NMBHD). A quantitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design was used to operationalise the research objectives. The target population comprised professional nurses in primary health care clinics. Consecutive sampling, a type of non-probability sampling, was used in this study. Descriptive data analysis was applied to analyse and describe the data using the data analysis software programme Statistica Version 11. The majority of the participants (99%) had a high level of knowledge about the cause of TB as well as the question about contracting TB (94.9%). On the TB diagnostic tests: biopsy and sputum culture and sensitivity scored the lowest (22.2% and 36.4% respectively). Regarding the duration of TB treatment and the drug used to prevent TB most participants responded positively (97% and 91.9% respectively). Most of the participants had a positive attitude regarding TB (79.8%) confirming their willingness to wear masks although it makes them uncomfortable. Furthermore, most participants (99%) would like to be screened for TB if they have signs and symptoms suggestive of TB. The majority of participants (99%) responded positively to completing TB treatment if they were to be diagnosed with TB. The practices of professional nurses regarding TB were generally low (18.2%) in the areas of when to wear a mask, ventilation in the clinics and infection control. The results are displayed graphically using bar graphs and tables. Recommendations to the NMBHD were made and also for nursing practice, education, and research. Ethical principles have been maintained throughout the study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Nxumalo, Avela
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Tuberculosis -- Patients -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Tuberculosis -- Treatment -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Primary health care -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Professional Nursing -- Dissertations
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/33715 , vital:32994
- Description: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major public health problems worldwide, and includes the development of drug resistant TB. Tuberculosis is reportedly the second most common infectious cause of death worldwide and thus a global threat. In 2014, 9.6 million people were estimated to have TB and 1.5 million people died of the disease worldwide. South Africa is one of the African countries with the highest burden of TB with 1% of the population of about 50 000 000 who develop the TB disease each year. The research study explored and described the knowledge, attitudes and practices of professional nurses working with patients with TB in primary health care clinics in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District (NMBHD). A quantitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design was used to operationalise the research objectives. The target population comprised professional nurses in primary health care clinics. Consecutive sampling, a type of non-probability sampling, was used in this study. Descriptive data analysis was applied to analyse and describe the data using the data analysis software programme Statistica Version 11. The majority of the participants (99%) had a high level of knowledge about the cause of TB as well as the question about contracting TB (94.9%). On the TB diagnostic tests: biopsy and sputum culture and sensitivity scored the lowest (22.2% and 36.4% respectively). Regarding the duration of TB treatment and the drug used to prevent TB most participants responded positively (97% and 91.9% respectively). Most of the participants had a positive attitude regarding TB (79.8%) confirming their willingness to wear masks although it makes them uncomfortable. Furthermore, most participants (99%) would like to be screened for TB if they have signs and symptoms suggestive of TB. The majority of participants (99%) responded positively to completing TB treatment if they were to be diagnosed with TB. The practices of professional nurses regarding TB were generally low (18.2%) in the areas of when to wear a mask, ventilation in the clinics and infection control. The results are displayed graphically using bar graphs and tables. Recommendations to the NMBHD were made and also for nursing practice, education, and research. Ethical principles have been maintained throughout the study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Prevalence and molecular epidemiology of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing and carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae, acinetobacter baumannii and pseudomonas aeruginosa in Port Elizabeth
- Authors: Gqunta, Kwanele
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Beta lactamases , Enterobacteriaceae -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:10353 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020944
- Description: Multidrug resistant (MDR) extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria have become an international health issue limiting treatment options. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of carbapenem-susceptible (CS) and carbapenem-resistant (CR) Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and investigate clinical isolates for their resistant genes/ determinants. A total of 98 bacterial isolates (59 CS and 39 CR) were collected between February 2012 and February 2013 at NHLS, after being recovered from various clinical specimens from PE hospital complex. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the VITEK 2® system, E-test and microbroth dilution method. PCR and DNA sequencing were used to investigate: (i) ESBLs: CTX-M, TEM, SHV and OXA-1; (ii) plasmidmediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes: qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD, qnrS, qepA and aac(6’)-lb-cr; (iii) Escherichia coli sequence type 131 (ST131); (iv) carbapenemases: NDM, VIM, IMP, KPC, BIC, SME, IMI, NMC-A, GES, OXA-23, OXA-24, OXA-48, OXA-51 and OXA-58; and (v) insertion sequence ISAba1 upstream blaOXA-23/-24/-51/-58 genes. Porin loss in CR isolates was determined by SDSPAGE while genetic relatedness between E. coli ST131 isolates was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). MDR ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (mainly K. pneumoniae) and CR A. baumannii isolates were recovered from neonatal/ infant specimens. The majority of CS and CR isolates were MDR, possessing multiple ESBL genotypes (CTX-M, TEM, SHV and OXA-1). ESBL variants identified included: CTX-M-1, CTX-M-3, CTX-M-15, CTX-M-22, CTX-M-9, CTX-M-14, TEM-1, SHV-1, SHV-11 and OXA-1. PMQRs identified included: aac(6’)- lb-cr, qnrB1, qnrB2, qnrB13 and qnrS1. Twelve of 21 (57.1 percent) E. coli isolates belonged to the ST131 clonal complex and were genetically diverse, mainly producing CTX-M-15. Carbapenem resistance mechanisms identified included: (i) OXA-23 preceded by ISAba1 in 10 A. baumannii and 2 P. aeruginosa isolates; (ii) IMI-2 carbapenemase in an E. asburiae isolate; and (iii) combination of porin loss and ESBL production in 1 K. pneumoniae and 1 E. coli isolate. This is the first report in South Africa describing the occurrence of CTX-M-9, CTX-M-22 and IMI-2 among Enterobacteriaceae; CTX-M-15 in A. baumannii; and OXA-23 in combination with OXA-51 in P. aeruginosa. However, resistance determinants could not be detected for 24 carbapenem-resistant isolates which requires further investigation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Gqunta, Kwanele
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Beta lactamases , Enterobacteriaceae -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:10353 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020944
- Description: Multidrug resistant (MDR) extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria have become an international health issue limiting treatment options. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of carbapenem-susceptible (CS) and carbapenem-resistant (CR) Enterobacteriaceae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and investigate clinical isolates for their resistant genes/ determinants. A total of 98 bacterial isolates (59 CS and 39 CR) were collected between February 2012 and February 2013 at NHLS, after being recovered from various clinical specimens from PE hospital complex. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the VITEK 2® system, E-test and microbroth dilution method. PCR and DNA sequencing were used to investigate: (i) ESBLs: CTX-M, TEM, SHV and OXA-1; (ii) plasmidmediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes: qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD, qnrS, qepA and aac(6’)-lb-cr; (iii) Escherichia coli sequence type 131 (ST131); (iv) carbapenemases: NDM, VIM, IMP, KPC, BIC, SME, IMI, NMC-A, GES, OXA-23, OXA-24, OXA-48, OXA-51 and OXA-58; and (v) insertion sequence ISAba1 upstream blaOXA-23/-24/-51/-58 genes. Porin loss in CR isolates was determined by SDSPAGE while genetic relatedness between E. coli ST131 isolates was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). MDR ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (mainly K. pneumoniae) and CR A. baumannii isolates were recovered from neonatal/ infant specimens. The majority of CS and CR isolates were MDR, possessing multiple ESBL genotypes (CTX-M, TEM, SHV and OXA-1). ESBL variants identified included: CTX-M-1, CTX-M-3, CTX-M-15, CTX-M-22, CTX-M-9, CTX-M-14, TEM-1, SHV-1, SHV-11 and OXA-1. PMQRs identified included: aac(6’)- lb-cr, qnrB1, qnrB2, qnrB13 and qnrS1. Twelve of 21 (57.1 percent) E. coli isolates belonged to the ST131 clonal complex and were genetically diverse, mainly producing CTX-M-15. Carbapenem resistance mechanisms identified included: (i) OXA-23 preceded by ISAba1 in 10 A. baumannii and 2 P. aeruginosa isolates; (ii) IMI-2 carbapenemase in an E. asburiae isolate; and (iii) combination of porin loss and ESBL production in 1 K. pneumoniae and 1 E. coli isolate. This is the first report in South Africa describing the occurrence of CTX-M-9, CTX-M-22 and IMI-2 among Enterobacteriaceae; CTX-M-15 in A. baumannii; and OXA-23 in combination with OXA-51 in P. aeruginosa. However, resistance determinants could not be detected for 24 carbapenem-resistant isolates which requires further investigation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
Perceptions and experiences of ward based outreach teams in implementation of primary health care reengineering at Mhlontlo and Nyandeni Sub District in OR Tambo Health District in the Eastern Cape Province- South Africa
- Authors: Jack, Nomfanelo Mirriam
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Primary health care Nurses--South Africa--Eastern Cape Primary health care--South Africa--Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Public Health
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/11085 , vital:37127
- Description: This study focused on perceptions and experiences of Ward-Based Outreach Teams in implementing Primary Health Care Re-engineering at Nyandeni and Mhlontlo Sub-Districts in OR Tambo District. Primary Health Care (PHC) is defined as essential health care, devised to be universally accessible to the community through means acceptable to them, with their full involvement and at costs that the community can afford. The National Department of Health (NDoH) introduced the new strategy of Ward-Based Outreach Teams (WBOTs) that are regarded as the key stakeholders in this effort, as they render health services at households. WBOTs are allocated in different municipal wards and are supposed to visit the population, irrespective of race, socio-economic status and geographical setting. The aim of the study was to explore and describe the perceptions and experiences of Ward-Based Outreach Teams in implementing the RPHC at Mhlontlo and Nyandeni sub-districts. The qualitative research design was employed to reach the objectives of the study. The sample used was all WBOTs who had been working for more than one year and had undergone WBOTs training for ten days. Self- structured questionnaires, one-on-one interviews and a focus group were used to collect data from different categories of WBOTs. The researcher adhered to the ethical standards of nursing research as explained by the Democratic Nursing Organization of South Africa, such as anonymity, confidentiality, privacy and quality research. Participant’s names were not written on the questionnaires. The data was analyzed using themes, categories and sub categories, the statistical package for social sciences. Bar graphs and tables were used to communicate data. The results of the study showed that WBOTs are essential to needy households and individuals. The study revealed that the job of Community Health Workers (CHWs) involved community mapping, giving health education talks, household registration, tracing of defaulters, referring needy clients to health facilities depending on severity of illnesses and building relations with other government organizations, namely the Department of Home Affairs, to help clients obtain birth certificates and identity documents, the Department of Social Development, for social problems within households, and the Department of Education, acting as partner for the overall welfare of students. The results of the study revealed that shortage of outreach teams, limited resources, inconsistence in recruitment of Health Promoters and Community Health Workers causes psychological distress, frustration, absenteeism, less concentration when serving communities and impacts on the service delivery system. Therefore,it is recommended that the Department of health should provide outreach teams with medical equipment, dedicated transport, trainings and improve recruitment and retention strategy. In conclusion, the findings of this study indicated that the department of Health has taken the right direction with this programme and that some cooperation does exist between health and other departments.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Jack, Nomfanelo Mirriam
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Primary health care Nurses--South Africa--Eastern Cape Primary health care--South Africa--Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Public Health
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/11085 , vital:37127
- Description: This study focused on perceptions and experiences of Ward-Based Outreach Teams in implementing Primary Health Care Re-engineering at Nyandeni and Mhlontlo Sub-Districts in OR Tambo District. Primary Health Care (PHC) is defined as essential health care, devised to be universally accessible to the community through means acceptable to them, with their full involvement and at costs that the community can afford. The National Department of Health (NDoH) introduced the new strategy of Ward-Based Outreach Teams (WBOTs) that are regarded as the key stakeholders in this effort, as they render health services at households. WBOTs are allocated in different municipal wards and are supposed to visit the population, irrespective of race, socio-economic status and geographical setting. The aim of the study was to explore and describe the perceptions and experiences of Ward-Based Outreach Teams in implementing the RPHC at Mhlontlo and Nyandeni sub-districts. The qualitative research design was employed to reach the objectives of the study. The sample used was all WBOTs who had been working for more than one year and had undergone WBOTs training for ten days. Self- structured questionnaires, one-on-one interviews and a focus group were used to collect data from different categories of WBOTs. The researcher adhered to the ethical standards of nursing research as explained by the Democratic Nursing Organization of South Africa, such as anonymity, confidentiality, privacy and quality research. Participant’s names were not written on the questionnaires. The data was analyzed using themes, categories and sub categories, the statistical package for social sciences. Bar graphs and tables were used to communicate data. The results of the study showed that WBOTs are essential to needy households and individuals. The study revealed that the job of Community Health Workers (CHWs) involved community mapping, giving health education talks, household registration, tracing of defaulters, referring needy clients to health facilities depending on severity of illnesses and building relations with other government organizations, namely the Department of Home Affairs, to help clients obtain birth certificates and identity documents, the Department of Social Development, for social problems within households, and the Department of Education, acting as partner for the overall welfare of students. The results of the study revealed that shortage of outreach teams, limited resources, inconsistence in recruitment of Health Promoters and Community Health Workers causes psychological distress, frustration, absenteeism, less concentration when serving communities and impacts on the service delivery system. Therefore,it is recommended that the Department of health should provide outreach teams with medical equipment, dedicated transport, trainings and improve recruitment and retention strategy. In conclusion, the findings of this study indicated that the department of Health has taken the right direction with this programme and that some cooperation does exist between health and other departments.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018