Primary caregivers' experience of raising children with autism: a phenomenological perspective
- Authors: Swanepoel, Yolandi
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Autism in children Autistic children Autism in children -- Diagnosis Parents of autistic children
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3067 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002576
- Description: Autism occupies an extreme position among childhood pathologies due to its severity, duration and impact on the family. In this qualitative study, four primary caregivers of autistic children were interviewed regarding their experiences of the diagnostic process, their post-diagnostic adjustment, and how helping professionals can improve their service rendering to these families. This study utilised a phenomenological approach to look at primary caregivers as the best-informed authority to explore and describe their lived realities and experiences of raising their autistic children in South Africa. The rationale for a phenomenological approach in this study is that such an interpretative inquiry enables material to be collected and analysed within the specific context of the subjective realities of primary caregivers of autistic children in South Africa. The researcher utilised semi-structured, in-depth, face-to-face interviews as method of data collection. Each participant was interviewed over the course of three separate interviews. The themes and categories that resulted from a content analysis of the material were grouped into two broad fields of experience, namely: (1) experiences surrounding the diagnostic process; and (2) the pervasive influence of autism on different areas of family life. In terms of experiences surrounding children’s diagnosis, four themes were identified: (1) Being a new parent and making sense out of chaos; (2) Responsibility and blame; (3) Confusion and disillusionment during early experiences with helping professionals; and (4) Feelings about the diagnosis. The pervasive influence of autism on different areas of family life includes: (5) Strained family relationships; (6) Challenges of behaviour management and disciplining the autistic child; (7) Challenges of finding suitable resources for education and day-care; and (8) Maintaining the family unit and doing things as a family.
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- Date Issued: 2005
Producing and sharing ICT-based knowledge through English and African languages at a South African university
- Authors: Terzoli, Alfredo , Dalvit, Lorenzo , Murray, Sarah , Mini, Buyiswa , Zhao, Xiaogeng
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/428531 , vital:72518 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC37193
- Description: This article describes an intervention aimed at providing increased ac-cess to the study of information and communication technology (ICT) and computer literacy in Higher Education in South Africa. Our focus group is speakers of an African language from a previously disadvan-taged background in the extended studies programme at Rhodes Uni-versity. Preliminary investigation suggests that such students have dif-ficulties becoming computer literate partly because of their lack of Eng-lish proficiency. This might prevent them from furthering their studies of Computer Science (CS) up to the postgraduate level. Shifting away from the dominant approach to academic support in extended studies programmes in South Africa, in our research we focus primarily on the lexical rather than the discourse level. With the help of a web-based application, students collaboratively produce and share additional mate-rial in both English and the African languages. This allows them to inte-grate new concepts and knowledge about computers into their existing knowledge structures. With our intervention, we hope to improve the students' participation in the production and sharing of knowledge in the field of ICT.
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- Date Issued: 2005
Reclaiming the land: the resurgence of rural movements in Africa, Asia and Latin America
- Authors: Helliker, Kirk D
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: review essay , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/61017 , vital:27913 , http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/asr.v9i2.23268
- Description: In the early 1990s, Rehman Sobhan (1993) argued that after two decades in which agrarian reform was a global non-event, ‘[vjotaries of agrarian reform’ had been reduced to ‘a fringe group of romantic throwbacks left over from the 1950s and 1960s’ (1993: p.3) He offered a broad overview of post-Second World War experiences in Asia, Latin America and Africa, and distinguished between radical and non-egalitarian reforms in terms of their effect on eliminating class differentiation and modes of domination in the countryside. He concluded by arguing that ‘ [t]he political mobilization needed to realize radical reforms in the contemporary developing world remains elusive’’ (1993: p.133, my emphasis). Nearly ten years later, Deborah Bryceson (2000), after discussing the post-Second World War academic literature on the peasantry, suggested that '[pleasant theory is on the retreat’ (2000: p.29); that it was critical to bring peasants ‘back into theoretical and policy debates’ (2000: p.30); and that the ongoing reproduction of the peasantry in Latin America, Asia and Africa through contradictory processes of formation and dissolution seemed to give them an ‘enduringpresence’ (2000: p.6). She concluded also by referring to an elusiveness, speaking about the multifaceted survival strategies of the peasantry under conditions of global neo-liberalism that make the peasantry - conceptually - ‘more elusive than before’ (2000: p.30, my emphasis). These brief comments on the status of the peasantry and agrarian reform provide an important historical and theoretical backdrop to the volume under review.
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- Date Issued: 2005
Reproductive biology of ningu, Labeo victorianus (pisces: cyprinidae), in the kagera and Sio rivers, Uganda
- Authors: Rutaisire, Justus , Booth, Anthony J
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/125864 , vital:35827 , https://doi.10.1007/s10641-004-5564-8
- Description: We investigated aspects of the reproductive biology of the cyprinid fish, Labeo victorianus, locally known as ningu, in the Kagera and Sio Rivers, Uganda. These rivers represent the last remaining refuges for this species within Uganda. L. victorianus is a highly fecund, potamodrometic fish that migrates upstream to spawn. Spawning is generally synchronised with the bimodal water level maxima observed within the rivers. There were, however, some deviations from this pattern. We caught sexually mature fish throughout the year in the Sio River, and noticed that spawing started before the second rainfall peak. Fish from the Kagera matured at significantly larger sizes than fish from the Sio River. Male and female fish, from both rivers, fed intensively during the non-breeding months accumulating significant fat reserves; a probable energy storage mechanism prior to their spawning migrations. The differences between the populations is probably a phenotypic response to differing abiotic factors such as river size, flow velocity and food availability.
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- Date Issued: 2005
Research on indigenous knowledge and its application: A case of wild food plants of Zimbabwe
- Authors: Shava, Soul
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/373809 , vital:66725 , xlink:href="https://www.ajol.info/index.php/sajee/article/view/122700"
- Description: Research on indigenous knowledge should go beyond documenting and interpreting it. Rather, it should stimulate inquiry into its application in present day community development and education settings. This study intends to steer indigenous knowledge research towards practical application initiatives. The study documents wild food plants of Zimbabwe, highlights some popular wild food plants, and cites some commercially marketed wild food plants and makes recommendations on the application of indigenous knowledge of wild food plants in community and educational settings.
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- Date Issued: 2005
Rhodes University Graduation Ceremony 2005
- Authors: Rhodes University
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: vital:8142 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007257
- Description: Rhodes University Graduation Ceremonies 1820 Settlers National Monument Thursday, 31 March 2005 at 18.00 [and] Friday, 1 April 2005 at 10:30; 14:30 & 18:00 [and] Saturday, 2 April 2005 at 10:30 , RU East London Graduation Ceremony Christian Centre, Wyse Street, East London Friday, 4 May 2005 at 18:00
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- Date Issued: 2005
Securing Real-time multimedia: A brief survey
- Authors: Cloran, Russell , Irwin, Barry V W , Terzoli, Alfredo
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/428887 , vital:72543 , https://digifors.cs.up.ac.za/issa/2005/Proceedings/Research/020_Article.pdf
- Description: Voice over IP (VoIP) enables cheaper and easier communication but can be less secure than the traditional TDM network. This paper is a guide to securing VoIP networks using current technologies and best practices. Physical and logical segregation of data and multimedia traf-fic is discussed. Current VoIP analysis tools are described with specific reference to their usefulness as a means of evaluating the quality of a secure VoIP system. Protocol enhancements, such as the Secure Re-al-time Transport Protocol and transport layer protection such as of-fered by IPSec, are discussed and evaluated. Finally, various secure VoIP implementation scenarios are discussed, with configurations combining these security solutions presented in the paper.
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- Date Issued: 2005
Shakespeare and Africa: the dark lady of his sonnets revamped and other Africa-related associations. Xlibris Corporation
- Authors: Glover, Jayne
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/457820 , vital:75681 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC48069
- Description: This slim volume produced by Robert F. Fleissner addresses some of the connections between Shakespeare and Africa. His lengthy Foreword, in which he sets out, chapter by chapter, the contents of the book (mainly discussions on the identity and race of Shakespeare’s Dark Lady), provides a cogent, flowing argument that, in many ways, presents a clearer picture of Fleissner’s work on race and Shakespeare than the work as a whole, which is pieced together from his many years of research.
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- Date Issued: 2005
Social epistemology and its politically correct words: Avoiding absolutism, relativism, consensualism, and vulgar pragmatism
- Authors: Price, Leigh
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/373833 , vital:66727 , xlink:href="https://hdl.handle.net/10520/ejc-cristal-v10-n1-a7"
- Description: Where social epistemology has been applied in environmental education research, certain words have come to be associated with it, such as, "social," "contextualized," "strategic," "political," "pragmatic," "democratic," and "participatory." In this paper, I first suggest interpretations of these words that potentially avoid absolutism, relativism, consensualism, and vulgar pragmatism. I then identify interpretations that succumb to these problems. To support my argument, I draw on Peircean scholars, critical realist scholars, and scholars who rely on a tranche of metaphor that evoke images of connections, partnerships, webs, and rhizomes. These writers suggest a social epistemology in which in which relationships, not objects, are primary.
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- Date Issued: 2005
Study South Africa
- Authors: International Education Association of South Africa (IEASA) , Kishun, Roshen
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: Education, Higher -- South Africa , Education and globalization -- South Africa Student mobility -- Africa International education -- South Africa Education, Higher -- International cooperation , Universities and colleges -- South Africa , Technical Institutes -- South Africa , Vocational guidance -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/65344 , vital:28751 , ISBN 0123218931
- Description: [Message from the President of IEASA, Dr Roshen Kishun]: We salute the thousands of South Africans From diverse racial backgrounds who 50 years ago put forward their vision, encapsulated in the Freedom Charter, to keep doors of education open. As we celebrate the 50th anniversary of this historic event we are aware of the Foundations laid then to allow us to reconnect to the world. In choosing “lessons in diversity' as the theme For the Sth edition of Study South Africa we support the need For South African higher education to keep its doors open in meeting the development challenges of Africa. The year 2005 has been described as critical For Africa because of a number of Factors that have come together. These include the New Partnership For Africa’s Development which spells out action plans to tackle some of the more intractable problems that Africa Faces, the Formation of the African Union with clear guidelines For governance and peace, and the Pan-African Parliament which promotes the concept of working together to solve the continent's problems. The launch of the Southern African Regional Universities Association in early 2005 by 45 of the region’s vice-chancellors recognised that the excellence and sustainability of university education, research and development will be a leading contributor to Future growth and poverty alleviation. Despite the tides of limited resources, external demands and internal policy challenges, the vice-chancellors were unequivocally committed to advancing the development agenda of higher education on the African continent. Critically, in recent years there has been acknowledgement of the ability of higher education to bring about economic and democratic reforms, as evidenced by the commitment and concerted efforts made by Foundations and funding agencies to support the improvement of higher education institutions in Africa. Most important from our perspective is the support for the ’’renewal’’ of higher education institutions as they are considered to be key vehicles For development on the continent. The Commission For Africa report, published in March 2005, endorses the Association of African Universities, Association of Commonwealth Universities and Higher Education South Africa’s joint 10-year partnership programme, Renewing the African University, The partnership programme calls, among other things, For constructive engagement between states and higher education institutions, increasing North-South and South-South collaboration, internationalisation of the curriculum and partnerships between universities and the corporate sector. The Commission makes clear its conviction that higher education's contribution to building professional skills and knowledge is key to achieving Fundamental development changes. The need for centres of excellence in science, technology and engineering is highlighted as key to Future development and growth. Higher education institutions need to be the “breeding ground For the skilled individuals whom the continent needs". The report stresses the need For urgent attention to be given to the management of natural resources, of Forests and water, improving sanitation and strengthening health systems to deal with pandemics such as malaria, tuberculosis and HIV-Aids. Other important developments needed are building the human and institutional capacity for good governance and strengthening leadership in public life, civil society and business. In Focusing on the theme “lessons in diversity’ the Guide captures the richness of the various “diversities ' in the South African higher education landscape. It describes the radical transformation of higher education in South Africa over more than a decade. It identifies South Africa's research system as being “by Far the biggest in Africa” and demonstrates the important role South African higher education can play in meeting the challenges of Africa. I hope that the information provided will allow those interested in South African education to make informed choices. , 5th Edition
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- Date Issued: 2005
Surface electrochemistry of iron phthalocyanine axially ligated to 4-mercaptopyridine self-assembled monolayers at gold electrode
- Authors: Ozoemena, Kenneth I , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/289282 , vital:56615 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2005.02.018"
- Description: Surface electrochemical behaviour of a self-immobilised iron phthalocyanine (FePc) ultrathin film, via axial ligation reaction, onto a preformed 4-mercaptopyridine self-assembled monolayer on gold electrode has been described. Electrochemical evidence for the sensor clearly suggested surface-confined, flat “umbrella”-oriented and densely-packed monolayer film structure. The proposed electrochemical sensor exhibited good catalytic activity towards the oxidation of thiocyanate in pH 4.0 medium over a linear range of three decades of concentration (ca. 10−6–10−3 mol dm−3) with a detection limit in the order of ∼10−7 mol dm−3. The sensor exhibited useful potential for the analysis of thiocyanate in human urine and saliva samples. The advantageous properties of this type of electrode as a sensor for thiocyanate lie in its ease of fabrication, excellent catalytic activity, stability, sensitivity and simplicity.
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- Date Issued: 2005
Synthesis and photophysical properties of a covalently linked porphyrin-phthalocyanine conjugate
- Authors: Zhao, Zhixin , Ogunsipe, Abimbola O , Maree, M David , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/300358 , vital:57922 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1142/S1088424605000253"
- Description: The synthesis of a phthalocyanine-porphyrin heteropentamer (zinc(II) tetra(5-phenoxy-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin)) zinc(II) phthalocyanine, (ZnPc-(ZnTPP)4), containing four units of zinc tetraphenylporphyrin linked to a central zinc phthalocyanine macrocycle via an ether linkage is reported. The photophysical parameters of the pentamer are reported in toluene and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The observed differences in the fluorescence behavior of the pentamer in the two solvents is explained in terms of emission from different states; charge transfer state in DMSO and locally excited state in toluene. The rate constants for fluorescence, intersystem crossing, internal conversion, and of charge and energy transfer are reported for the pentamer. Quantum yields for fluorescence, internal conversion, triplet state and of charge and energy transfer are also reported for the pentamer, ZnPc-(ZnTPP)4 and the mixture of ZnPc and ZnTPP. The latter two parameters are higher in the pentamer compared to a mixture containing ZnPc and ZnTPP.
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- Date Issued: 2005
Synthesis, electrochemical and electrocatalytic behaviour of thiophene-appended cobalt, manganese and zinc phthalocyanine complexes
- Authors: Obirai, Joseph , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/286103 , vital:56238 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2005.03.024"
- Description: This work reports on the syntheses of new thiophene tetra substituted cobalt, manganese and zinc phthalocyanine (CoTETPc, (Cl)MnTETPc and ZnTETPc) complexes. The redox processes due to the thiophene substituent on the ring of the metallophthalocyanines (MPcs) were observed, in addition to Pc ring and metal (for Co and Mn complexes) based redox activity. The electrocatalytic activity of the CoTETPc complex adsorbed on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by drop/dry-thermal annealing was investigated using L-cysteine. The modified electrode was stable to repetitive use without any signs of deactivation by oxidation products and was used to determine L-cysteine at concentrations between 0.0015 and 1 mM in pH 4 aqueous conditions.
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- Date Issued: 2005
Synthesis, photophysicochemical studies of adjacently tetrasubstituted binaphthalo-phthalocyanines
- Authors: Seotsanyana-Mokhosi, Itumeleng , Chen, Ji-Yao , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/289294 , vital:56616 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1142/S108842460500040X"
- Description: Adjacent binaphthalo-phthalocyanines tetra-substituted with phenoxy (4a), 4-carboxyphenoxy (4b) and 4-t-butylphenoxy (4c) groups, as well as the di-substituted 4-carboxyphenoxy (5b) have been synthesized and characterized. The photophysical and photochemical behavior of 4a-c, were compared with those of the corresponding di-substituted derivatives, (5a-c). The secondary substituents on the phenoxy ring have an influence on the aggregation of the molecules and hence on their photophysical properties. All of the complexes exhibit a relatively good conversion of energy from the triplet-excited state to the singlet oxygen. The less aggregated molecule (4c), has the highest singlet oxygen quantum yield. For all the molecules, fluorescence yields are low and they all have relatively shorter triplet lifetimes compared with the unsubstituted zinc phthalocyanine. Increasing the number of ring substituents on these rigid MPc complexes (from complexes 5 to 4) showed a general increase in the triplet state lifetimes and singlet oxygen quantum yields, and a decrease in stability.
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- Date Issued: 2005
The contribution and direct-use value of livestock to rural livelihoods in the Sand River catchment, South Africa
- Authors: Shackleton, Charlie M , Shackleton, Sheona E , Netshiluvhi, T R , Mathabela, F R
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/181335 , vital:43720 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.2989/10220110509485870"
- Description: The productive functions of livestock ownership in communal areas are multipurpose in character, comprising a mix of stock types and a range of goods and services used. When all these multiple uses are accounted for, the cash and direct-use returns of livestock in communal areas can be comparable to commercial systems, although temporally and spatially variable. Yet previous work has generally excluded small stock from such analyses, as well as benefits and costs to non-owning households. This paper presents empirical results of a study in the Sand River catchment, assessing the benefits and costs accruing to owners and non-owners for both cattle and goats within a livelihoods analysis framework. Results indicate that cattle are used for a greater variety of goods and services than are goats. The savings value represented the most important function, followed by milk and then manure. Even if savings value was excluded, cattle ownership made a significant contribution to local livelihoods. Goats also provided a net positive benefit, represented largely by the savings value, followed by meat and cash sales. Non-owners also benefited through donations of manure, milk, draught and meat for free, or at a cheaper rate than alternatives. The majority of non-owners aspired to livestock ownership, although the risk of theft of animals was of growing concern. Averaged across the whole catchment, the net value of goods and services from livestock was just over R400 per hectare, with an annual return to capital of 36%. Cattle contributed the bulk of the value by virtue of their greater numbers and larger size, but on a per kilogramme basis goats provided higher value. Many of the goods and services obtained from livestock were not enumerated in regional or national economic statistics.
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- Date Issued: 2005
The Dassie and the Hunter: A South African Meeting
- Authors: Kaschula, Russell H
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/175147 , vital:42547 , https://doi.org/10.4314/tvl.v43i1.29727
- Description: This book does not resemble any of Jeff Opland’s previous academic works. There is no similarity in style, and to some extent content. His previous books, namely, Xhosa oral poetry: Aspects of a black South African tradition (Cambridge University Press, 1983), and Xhosa poets and poetry (David Philip, 1998), were written as purely scientific, academic works. The Dassie and the Hunter amounts to a subtle snub of academia and its restrictive rules. Though written by Opland, it is as if he and his research subject, Manisi, have colluded to make this work different and special, in a personal mystical way, disregarding academic etiquette, weaving a more creative, poetic tapestry. This makes the book an interesting read. In style and content, it is neither rigorously academic, solely biographical, nor purely creative. It evades classification. It is individualistic.
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- Date Issued: 2005
The development of water quality methods within ecological Reserve assessments, and links to environmental flows
- Authors: Palmer, Carolyn G , Rossouw, N , Muller, Nikite W J , Scherman, Patricia A
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , report
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/438033 , vital:73430 , ISBN 0378-4738 , https://wrcwebsite.azurewebsites.net/wp-content/uploads/mdocs/WaterSA_2005_02_1634.pdf
- Description: In the South African National Water Act (NWA, No 36 of 1998), the eco-logical Reserve is defined as the quality and quantity of water required to ensure appropriate protection of water resources, so as to secure ecologically sustainable development and use. Aquatic ecosystems are recognised as the core location of water resources, and although con-siderable progress has been made in developing methods for quantify-ing environmental flow requirements, this paper describes and discuss-es the first agreed method for quantifying environmental water quality requirements in an ecological Reserve assessment. Integration of flow and water quality is emphasised, and is based on the philosophy that environmental flows should be motivated to provide ecologically im-portant flow-related habitat, or geomorphological function, but should not be motivated to solve water quality problems by dilution. Water qual-ity is multivariate, and not all variables can be considered in an ecologi-cal Reserve assessment, but core water quality variables include: sys-tem variables (salts, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, temperature), nutrients (phosphate, nitrite, nitrate) and toxic substances (those listed in the South African Water Quality Guidelines for Aquatic Ecosystems, includ-ing toxic metal ions, toxic organic substances, and/or substances from a chemical inventory of an effluent or discharge). In addition, biological indicator data (eg SASS data), chlorophyll-a (eg phytoplankton and pe-riphyton data) and toxicity test data may be used. For each variable, a concentration range or response is linked to a class within a water re-source classification system, where classes range from minimally to severely modified.
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- Date Issued: 2005
The economic impact of Rhodes University students on the Grahamstown economy
- Authors: Snowball, Jeanette D , Antrobus, Geoffrey G
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/67475 , vital:29099
- Description: Publisher version , From Executive Summary: This study compares the spending patterns and economic impact of three groups of Rhodes University students: South Africans (SA), Other Africans and students from the Rest of the World (RoW). Data was collected via self-completion questionnaires and the final sample size was 163. Despite differences in spending patterns, total spending was found to be remarkably similar across groups, the major differences being between those students in university residence and those in digs (rented accommodation in town). Total monthly spending for those in residence was highest for SA students (R1034), then Other Africans (R850) and finally RoW (R777). For those in digs, total monthly spending was very similar, but again highest for SA students (R2495), then RoW (R2480) and then students from Other African countries (R2461). SA students have a considerably lower average unearned income than other groups, with students from the RoW having the highest unearned income (R1060 for those in residence and R2300 for those in digs). However, 55% of SA students, compared to 47% of foreign students, have sources of earned income, usually related to the university. Monthly income also tended to be higher for SA students (R654) than for other groups (Other Africa = R557; RoW = R575). The general conclusion that can be drawn is that there is very little difference in total spending between groups, although SA students have a somewhat higher average than others. A straight line ordinary least squares regression showed that, holding all else constant, SA students spent on average R169 more per month than foreign students (significant at the 10% level).
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- Date Issued: 2005
The effect of structure on the electrochemical properties of 14 marine pyrroloquinoline metabolites
- Authors: Antunes, Edith M , Maree, Suzanne E , Nyokong, Tebello , Davies-Coleman, Michael T , Maree, M David
- Date: 2005
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/286126 , vital:56242 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.3184/030823405775146915"
- Description: The electrochemical properties of 14 structurally related pyrroloquinoline metabolites (compounds 1–14) isolated from marine sponges were studied in pH-varied experiments using cyclic and square wave voltammetry. In general both substitution patterns and pH were observed to influence the reduction potentials of these molecules.
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- Date Issued: 2005
The environmental Kuznets curve: a literature survey
- Authors: Nahman, Anton , Antrobus, Geoffrey G
- Date: 2005
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/143191 , vital:38209 , DOI: 10.1111/j.1813-6982.2005.00008.x
- Description: Literature on the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) is examined, focussing on the possibility that the EKC may be explained by trade patterns. If significant, this trade effect would cast doubt on the oft‐stated conclusion that economic growth automatically leads to environmental improvement. Research has been insufficient, although a number of promising approaches have been developed. Although evidence on the pollution‐haven hypothesis is mixed, there is enough to suggest that the EKC development path may not be available to today's developing countries. Other problems cast doubt on whether the EKC exists in any relevant sense at all.
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- Date Issued: 2005