The role of the community policing forum initiative in fighting crime: a case study of Middledrift in the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Zazini, Buyelwa
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Community policing Crime prevention
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc (Criminology)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16440 , vital:40720
- Description: According to the South African Police Service Act 68 of 1995, a Community Policing Forum (CPF) is a forum established at each police station and it should be largely representative of the local community. The main objectives of the CPF is to promote communication and co-operation between the South African Police Service (SAPS) and the community. Above all it is aimed at improving the services rendered by the SAPS and identifying the problems encountered by communities in order to solve problems jointly. This study was aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of community policing in the initiative to fight crime in Middledrift. The study used interviews to gather the data. A total of 15 respondents, comprising of three groups, namely individuals from the SAPS, individuals from the CPF and community leaders were carefully chosen to access what they knew about the CPF in Middledrift. The findings highlighted that there was a need for awareness campaigns. Community leaders need to be involved especially in decision making. Necessary resources and training are also of great need for the CPF.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Zazini, Buyelwa
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Community policing Crime prevention
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc (Criminology)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16440 , vital:40720
- Description: According to the South African Police Service Act 68 of 1995, a Community Policing Forum (CPF) is a forum established at each police station and it should be largely representative of the local community. The main objectives of the CPF is to promote communication and co-operation between the South African Police Service (SAPS) and the community. Above all it is aimed at improving the services rendered by the SAPS and identifying the problems encountered by communities in order to solve problems jointly. This study was aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of community policing in the initiative to fight crime in Middledrift. The study used interviews to gather the data. A total of 15 respondents, comprising of three groups, namely individuals from the SAPS, individuals from the CPF and community leaders were carefully chosen to access what they knew about the CPF in Middledrift. The findings highlighted that there was a need for awareness campaigns. Community leaders need to be involved especially in decision making. Necessary resources and training are also of great need for the CPF.
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The sociology of police criminality and ill-discipline in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, South Africa
- Authors: Long, Amy Megan
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Police -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/17462 , vital:41078
- Description: Policing as a global concept, involves an exchange of trust between the public and a given police service, with the underlying basis of this exchange being an understanding that the police exist to protect citizens and their property, and to ensure that order is maintained in societies. The police services, by virtue of the nature of their role in society, can therefore be regarded as ‘protectors’. The South African Police Service are guided by the same philosophies as policing services globally. Recently in South Africa though, there has been an increase in reports accusing policemen of becoming involved in criminal activities themselves. With a focus on the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality policing district, this study presents and analyses incidences of undocumented police crimes; the causes thereof; and the role of disciplinary procedures (both internally and legally) in preventing such incidences of crime. This study utilised a qualitative methodology to gather and analyse data. A total of 60 serving police officers and 10 key informants were selected using purposive and snowball sampling. In-depth semi-structured interviews conducted with these police officers and key informants, reveal that police men and women are involved in violent and economic crimes in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality policing district. Most violent crimes include assault, and torture; whilst economic crimes include corruption and theft. Underlying reasons for such crimes include inadequate remuneration, frustration in respect of the efficacy of the criminal justice system, vigilantism within the policing services, and socially learned violence. Internal (within SAPS and IPID) and legal disciplinary measures (through the criminal and civil justice system) were established to be ineffective in managing and eradicating incidences of both violent and economic crimes. The consequences of incidences of police criminality are reduced legitimacy of the policing services to deliver on its mandate to protect and serve the people of the Republic of South Africa.
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- Authors: Long, Amy Megan
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Police -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/17462 , vital:41078
- Description: Policing as a global concept, involves an exchange of trust between the public and a given police service, with the underlying basis of this exchange being an understanding that the police exist to protect citizens and their property, and to ensure that order is maintained in societies. The police services, by virtue of the nature of their role in society, can therefore be regarded as ‘protectors’. The South African Police Service are guided by the same philosophies as policing services globally. Recently in South Africa though, there has been an increase in reports accusing policemen of becoming involved in criminal activities themselves. With a focus on the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality policing district, this study presents and analyses incidences of undocumented police crimes; the causes thereof; and the role of disciplinary procedures (both internally and legally) in preventing such incidences of crime. This study utilised a qualitative methodology to gather and analyse data. A total of 60 serving police officers and 10 key informants were selected using purposive and snowball sampling. In-depth semi-structured interviews conducted with these police officers and key informants, reveal that police men and women are involved in violent and economic crimes in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality policing district. Most violent crimes include assault, and torture; whilst economic crimes include corruption and theft. Underlying reasons for such crimes include inadequate remuneration, frustration in respect of the efficacy of the criminal justice system, vigilantism within the policing services, and socially learned violence. Internal (within SAPS and IPID) and legal disciplinary measures (through the criminal and civil justice system) were established to be ineffective in managing and eradicating incidences of both violent and economic crimes. The consequences of incidences of police criminality are reduced legitimacy of the policing services to deliver on its mandate to protect and serve the people of the Republic of South Africa.
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The state and local government joint account system and performance of local government councils in Nigeria: a case study of Awgu local council of Enugu state (1999-2016)
- Authors: Okafor, Chukwuemeka
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Local finance --Nigeria Local government-- Nigeria Intergovernmental fiscal relations|
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M.Admin
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13917 , vital:39727
- Description: The State and Local Government Joint Account system was introduced in the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria with the basic aim of pooling all the financial allocations due to the various local government councils from the Federation Account for onward distribution by the states to the local councils. This is to ensure that the state governments effectively control and monitor expenditure by the executives of the local government councils and also to ensure that the funds are properly allocated to various areas of need. This provision is contained in Section 162 (5) of the Constitution which states that “the amount standing to the credit of local government councils in the Federation Account shall also be allocated to the states for the benefit of their local government councils on such terms and in such manner as may be prescribed by the National Assembly”. Section 162 (7) also states that “each state shall pay to local government councils in its area of jurisdiction such proportion of its total revenue on such terms and in such manner as may be prescribed by the National Assembly”. However, this arrangement has not worked well as state governments continue to manipulate the joint account through illegal deductions, misappropriations, deliberate delays in disbursement and in failure to remit their 10% of internally generated revenue as stipulated in the Constitution. This study examines the State and Local Government Joint Account system in relation to the fiscal autonomy of local government councils and the impact of the joint account system on public service delivery at Awgu Local Government Council. The study used the qualitative methodology design with focus on case-study approach. Data was collected from both primary and secondary sources. Primary data was collected through interviews from stakeholders in the joint account system and secondary data collected from relevant textual sources. The study findings show that this relationship affects the fiscal autonomy of local councils and result in cases of illegal deductions, withholding of funds, refusal to remit statutory 10% of total revenue of states to local councils. In Awgu Local Government from 1999-2016, more than N3billion was withheld and this amounts to a deficit of about 22.5%. This has negatively affected the volume of service delivery to the various communities. Based on these findings, the study recommends for a constitutional review to strengthen the local government system to effectively function as the third tier of government in line with the “Guidelines for1976 Local Government Reforms”. The study also recommends the abolishing of the joint account system and granting local councils full fiscal autonomy. This is the desideratum for enhanced service delivery at Awgu Local Government and other local council areas of Enugu State.
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- Authors: Okafor, Chukwuemeka
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Local finance --Nigeria Local government-- Nigeria Intergovernmental fiscal relations|
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M.Admin
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13917 , vital:39727
- Description: The State and Local Government Joint Account system was introduced in the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria with the basic aim of pooling all the financial allocations due to the various local government councils from the Federation Account for onward distribution by the states to the local councils. This is to ensure that the state governments effectively control and monitor expenditure by the executives of the local government councils and also to ensure that the funds are properly allocated to various areas of need. This provision is contained in Section 162 (5) of the Constitution which states that “the amount standing to the credit of local government councils in the Federation Account shall also be allocated to the states for the benefit of their local government councils on such terms and in such manner as may be prescribed by the National Assembly”. Section 162 (7) also states that “each state shall pay to local government councils in its area of jurisdiction such proportion of its total revenue on such terms and in such manner as may be prescribed by the National Assembly”. However, this arrangement has not worked well as state governments continue to manipulate the joint account through illegal deductions, misappropriations, deliberate delays in disbursement and in failure to remit their 10% of internally generated revenue as stipulated in the Constitution. This study examines the State and Local Government Joint Account system in relation to the fiscal autonomy of local government councils and the impact of the joint account system on public service delivery at Awgu Local Government Council. The study used the qualitative methodology design with focus on case-study approach. Data was collected from both primary and secondary sources. Primary data was collected through interviews from stakeholders in the joint account system and secondary data collected from relevant textual sources. The study findings show that this relationship affects the fiscal autonomy of local councils and result in cases of illegal deductions, withholding of funds, refusal to remit statutory 10% of total revenue of states to local councils. In Awgu Local Government from 1999-2016, more than N3billion was withheld and this amounts to a deficit of about 22.5%. This has negatively affected the volume of service delivery to the various communities. Based on these findings, the study recommends for a constitutional review to strengthen the local government system to effectively function as the third tier of government in line with the “Guidelines for1976 Local Government Reforms”. The study also recommends the abolishing of the joint account system and granting local councils full fiscal autonomy. This is the desideratum for enhanced service delivery at Awgu Local Government and other local council areas of Enugu State.
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The use of the performance management system as management tool to accelerate service delivery in municipalities, case study Amathole District Municipality Eastern Cape
- Authors: Nako, Mkhululi
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Performance -- Management Public administration Local government
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13824 , vital:39715
- Description: In the recent years have been several public protests in our communities which was a result of slow pace in the provision of services by the municipalities in the district which has led to the use of the performance management system in order to accelerate the service delivery. The study focused on the usage of the system like performance management to accelerate service delivery in Amatole District Municipality (ADM) in the Eastern Cape Province. There is limited research regarding the usage of the system like performance management to accelerate service delivery in Amatole District Municipality. Mixed research methodology was used. The sample (n=10) comprised of individual involved in performance management systems. Data was collected through the questionnaire method and both qualitative and quantitative methods were used for data analysis. The study results show that while the performance management systems are being practiced at the municipality it is not done effectively and efficiently. In addition, not all municipal employees had the necessary knowledge and expertise to implement PMS. It can also be noted that every respondent in the study agreed that performance management systems do accelerate service delivery if done efficiently. The study recommends that local government should not only focus on their plans on dealing with backlogs but also on the rapid development taking place and the performance management system framework should cater for individual performance.
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- Authors: Nako, Mkhululi
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Performance -- Management Public administration Local government
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13824 , vital:39715
- Description: In the recent years have been several public protests in our communities which was a result of slow pace in the provision of services by the municipalities in the district which has led to the use of the performance management system in order to accelerate the service delivery. The study focused on the usage of the system like performance management to accelerate service delivery in Amatole District Municipality (ADM) in the Eastern Cape Province. There is limited research regarding the usage of the system like performance management to accelerate service delivery in Amatole District Municipality. Mixed research methodology was used. The sample (n=10) comprised of individual involved in performance management systems. Data was collected through the questionnaire method and both qualitative and quantitative methods were used for data analysis. The study results show that while the performance management systems are being practiced at the municipality it is not done effectively and efficiently. In addition, not all municipal employees had the necessary knowledge and expertise to implement PMS. It can also be noted that every respondent in the study agreed that performance management systems do accelerate service delivery if done efficiently. The study recommends that local government should not only focus on their plans on dealing with backlogs but also on the rapid development taking place and the performance management system framework should cater for individual performance.
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To explore the Reconstruction Development Programme housing system in South Africa and its full potential relating to the system itself, the design, government’s role and the challenges encountered in its implementation: The Case of Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Mvunge, Nathunathi Mvunge
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Housing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Human services -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13782 , vital:39711
- Description: The issue of housing in South Africa presents a challenge confronting many citizens. As such, this dissertation seeks to identify the challenges faced by the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality in its implementation of the RDP Housing Scheme, to assess how the housing challenges in the BCMM differ from those in other municipalities, to identify the measures taken by the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality to address the challenges encountered in the implementation of the RDP Housing Scheme and to give possible recommendations that address the challenges encountered in the implementation of the RDP Housing Scheme in BCMM. The study makes use of qualitative research in the form of in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, observations and relevant secondary literature to collect data from the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality and from citizens residing in Amalinda and Scenery Park RDP houses. The findings of the study show that the majority of the occupants of RDP houses in both Amalinda and Scenery Park are not satisfied with the quality of the houses mainly in terms of their sizes and space. The government has limited resources and is not able to provide enough good quality houses to the applicant’s needs. In addition, the study reveals that there are bureaucratic (red tape) delays in the implementation of the RDP and that the government does not work together with or consult with the beneficiaries of the RDP Housing scheme sufficiently. The study was anchored in the Neo-institutional and the growth pole theory. As to recommendations, the study has recommended that the government address the still extant barriers intiated by the apartheid government, by allowing public participation in the implementation of the RDP housing scheme and ensuring that effective screening measures be used to eligible RDP housing occupants.
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- Authors: Mvunge, Nathunathi Mvunge
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Housing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Human services -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13782 , vital:39711
- Description: The issue of housing in South Africa presents a challenge confronting many citizens. As such, this dissertation seeks to identify the challenges faced by the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality in its implementation of the RDP Housing Scheme, to assess how the housing challenges in the BCMM differ from those in other municipalities, to identify the measures taken by the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality to address the challenges encountered in the implementation of the RDP Housing Scheme and to give possible recommendations that address the challenges encountered in the implementation of the RDP Housing Scheme in BCMM. The study makes use of qualitative research in the form of in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, observations and relevant secondary literature to collect data from the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality and from citizens residing in Amalinda and Scenery Park RDP houses. The findings of the study show that the majority of the occupants of RDP houses in both Amalinda and Scenery Park are not satisfied with the quality of the houses mainly in terms of their sizes and space. The government has limited resources and is not able to provide enough good quality houses to the applicant’s needs. In addition, the study reveals that there are bureaucratic (red tape) delays in the implementation of the RDP and that the government does not work together with or consult with the beneficiaries of the RDP Housing scheme sufficiently. The study was anchored in the Neo-institutional and the growth pole theory. As to recommendations, the study has recommended that the government address the still extant barriers intiated by the apartheid government, by allowing public participation in the implementation of the RDP housing scheme and ensuring that effective screening measures be used to eligible RDP housing occupants.
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Transport infrastructure investment and exports growth in South Africa
- Authors: Gengele , Nosiphelo
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Transportation -- South Africa Infrastructure (Economics) -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom (Transport Economics)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13370 , vital:39638
- Description: The transport sector is very important in facilitating trade and travel between and within nations. It is at the core of every country‟s economy. In order for transport to play this critical role, this research suggests that it is important for countries to invest in infrastructure. This study examined the impact of transport infrastructure investment on export growth in South Africa for the period of 1994 to 2017. The standard procedure in interpreting the long-run VECM results was applied. All the variables enter the long-run equation significantly, and the signs and magnitudes also appear reasonable. The long run results suggest that transport infrastructure investment have a positive effect on exports in South Africa. As indicated on the long-run equation, transport infrastructure investment is significant in specification; the positive coefficient of the variable in the regression suggests that an increase in investment in the transport infrastructure will lead to an increase in exports. A vector error correction model was estimated with exports, transport infrastructure investment, real effective exchange rate, world gross domestic product, export prices and consumer price index. The variance decompositions show that exports have a high level of inertia in the first year with most of the variations dependent on past export variations. In the second year, employment contributes significantly to variations in exports. Transport infrastructure investment makes very little contribution. Impulse responses show that a positive shock to infrastructure investments increases exports marginally. The results of the study have revealed a number of policy implications that affect transport infrastructure investment and exports. It is highly recommended that government should improve transport infrastructure for all modes of transport as this will lead to an increase in the level of exports in South Africa. Empirical evidence shows that transport infrastructure investment granger cause exports. Government expenditure in transport infrastructure has been considered s one of the means to enhance economic development and transport sector operates as the crucial engine of the economic growth in both developed and developing countries
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- Authors: Gengele , Nosiphelo
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Transportation -- South Africa Infrastructure (Economics) -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom (Transport Economics)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13370 , vital:39638
- Description: The transport sector is very important in facilitating trade and travel between and within nations. It is at the core of every country‟s economy. In order for transport to play this critical role, this research suggests that it is important for countries to invest in infrastructure. This study examined the impact of transport infrastructure investment on export growth in South Africa for the period of 1994 to 2017. The standard procedure in interpreting the long-run VECM results was applied. All the variables enter the long-run equation significantly, and the signs and magnitudes also appear reasonable. The long run results suggest that transport infrastructure investment have a positive effect on exports in South Africa. As indicated on the long-run equation, transport infrastructure investment is significant in specification; the positive coefficient of the variable in the regression suggests that an increase in investment in the transport infrastructure will lead to an increase in exports. A vector error correction model was estimated with exports, transport infrastructure investment, real effective exchange rate, world gross domestic product, export prices and consumer price index. The variance decompositions show that exports have a high level of inertia in the first year with most of the variations dependent on past export variations. In the second year, employment contributes significantly to variations in exports. Transport infrastructure investment makes very little contribution. Impulse responses show that a positive shock to infrastructure investments increases exports marginally. The results of the study have revealed a number of policy implications that affect transport infrastructure investment and exports. It is highly recommended that government should improve transport infrastructure for all modes of transport as this will lead to an increase in the level of exports in South Africa. Empirical evidence shows that transport infrastructure investment granger cause exports. Government expenditure in transport infrastructure has been considered s one of the means to enhance economic development and transport sector operates as the crucial engine of the economic growth in both developed and developing countries
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Tuberculosis knowledge, attitudes and health-seeking behaviour among tuberculosis patients in Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality, sub district C, South Africa
- Authors: Onyango, Peggy
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Tuberculosis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPH
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16780 , vital:40773
- Description: The aim of this study was to examine the knowledge and attitude of Tuberculosis (TB) patients regarding TB disease, causes, treatment adherence and health seeking behaviour in Nelson Mandela Bay, sub district C, South Africa. A cross-sectional study was done in three community health centres in Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality sub district C, South Africa. It involved 327 respondents aged eighteen years and above who were on TB treatment for more than one month who were conveniently selected from the three clinics. 54.1% of the patients were males and 45.9% of the patients were females. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Frequency counts and percentages were used to analyse the data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the influence of demographic variables on the knowledge, attitude and health seeking behaviour towards TB. None of the demographic variables was statistically significant to determine the TB patients’ knowledge and attitude of TB disease, causes, treatment and adherence. Only housing was statistically significant (p<0.05) as a variable determining the knowledge of TB causes, treatment and adherence. Compared with the reference group (informal housing scheme), the knowledge of TB patients with formal housing scheme were 0.556 (95% CI: 0.316-0.977) higher to determine the correct knowledge. Spearman correlation was used to determine the statistical significance between knowledge-attitude (K-A), Knowledge-Health seeking behaviour (K-HSB) and attitude-health seeking behaviour (A-HSB). There was statistical significance association among the variables. Results show that TB knowledge was generally good amongst the TB clients. However, there was misconception that TB is caused by cold air, dust and that TB disease can change into HIV. More than half of the respondents felt that TB treatment is difficult, takes a long time, unpleasant and interferes with work /marriage. Health seeking behaviour was fair amongst the participants.
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- Authors: Onyango, Peggy
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Tuberculosis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPH
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16780 , vital:40773
- Description: The aim of this study was to examine the knowledge and attitude of Tuberculosis (TB) patients regarding TB disease, causes, treatment adherence and health seeking behaviour in Nelson Mandela Bay, sub district C, South Africa. A cross-sectional study was done in three community health centres in Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality sub district C, South Africa. It involved 327 respondents aged eighteen years and above who were on TB treatment for more than one month who were conveniently selected from the three clinics. 54.1% of the patients were males and 45.9% of the patients were females. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Frequency counts and percentages were used to analyse the data. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine the influence of demographic variables on the knowledge, attitude and health seeking behaviour towards TB. None of the demographic variables was statistically significant to determine the TB patients’ knowledge and attitude of TB disease, causes, treatment and adherence. Only housing was statistically significant (p<0.05) as a variable determining the knowledge of TB causes, treatment and adherence. Compared with the reference group (informal housing scheme), the knowledge of TB patients with formal housing scheme were 0.556 (95% CI: 0.316-0.977) higher to determine the correct knowledge. Spearman correlation was used to determine the statistical significance between knowledge-attitude (K-A), Knowledge-Health seeking behaviour (K-HSB) and attitude-health seeking behaviour (A-HSB). There was statistical significance association among the variables. Results show that TB knowledge was generally good amongst the TB clients. However, there was misconception that TB is caused by cold air, dust and that TB disease can change into HIV. More than half of the respondents felt that TB treatment is difficult, takes a long time, unpleasant and interferes with work /marriage. Health seeking behaviour was fair amongst the participants.
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Uninformed medical intervention as a violation of the rights to dignity, bodily integrity and privacy in South Africa
- Authors: Silas, Patience Oluchi
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Medical personnel and patient Human rights
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , LAW
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16862 , vital:40780
- Description: South African society has changed from one that favoured medical paternalism to one that demands respect for patient autonomy. Some legislative provisions currently require respect for human rights in the sphere of medical treatment. These laws vest patients with the right to informed consent thereby conferring them with the rights to decide what should be done to their bodies in terms of healthcare. Irrespective of the laws emphasising the need to respect, protect and promote the doctrine of informed consent in South Africa, so many health practitioners still engage in uninformed healthcare practices. This study, therefore, examines the doctrine of informed consent in relation to the fundamental rights to bodily integrity, dignity and privacy to ascertain the legal implications of the failure to obtain informed consent for healthcare services. It is desktop research undertaken from the constitutional, legislative, common law and ethical perspective of informed consent. Its findings are based on both primary and secondary legal sources. It established that informed consent is a fundamental right in South Africa; rendering any healthcare service without obtaining the informed consent of a patient does not only breach the fundamental and ethical principle of autonomy, but also grossly violates their fundamental rights to dignity, bodily integrity and privacy. The study clears the age-long differing views as to whether failure to obtain informed consent before medical interventions amounts to an assault, negligence or the violation of some specific fundamental rights. It reveals that the major reason why health practitioners administer uninformed medical treatment in contemporary health practice is insufficient awareness of the legal requirements of the doctrine of informed consent. This is coupled with the fact that they believe the doctrine is alien to the African psyche and the process of obtaining informed consent is time-consuming. It thus recommends that health practitioners should have a positive attitude towards the doctrine because having been entrenched in the Constitution, codified in various national laws and upheld by Courts, every legal stipulation regarding the doctrine is binding on them. It also suggests that health practitioners should be abreast with the laws governing informed consent and strictly comply with their substantive and procedural stipulations. This would protect the fundamental rights of the patient and avert legal actions.
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- Authors: Silas, Patience Oluchi
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Medical personnel and patient Human rights
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , LAW
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16862 , vital:40780
- Description: South African society has changed from one that favoured medical paternalism to one that demands respect for patient autonomy. Some legislative provisions currently require respect for human rights in the sphere of medical treatment. These laws vest patients with the right to informed consent thereby conferring them with the rights to decide what should be done to their bodies in terms of healthcare. Irrespective of the laws emphasising the need to respect, protect and promote the doctrine of informed consent in South Africa, so many health practitioners still engage in uninformed healthcare practices. This study, therefore, examines the doctrine of informed consent in relation to the fundamental rights to bodily integrity, dignity and privacy to ascertain the legal implications of the failure to obtain informed consent for healthcare services. It is desktop research undertaken from the constitutional, legislative, common law and ethical perspective of informed consent. Its findings are based on both primary and secondary legal sources. It established that informed consent is a fundamental right in South Africa; rendering any healthcare service without obtaining the informed consent of a patient does not only breach the fundamental and ethical principle of autonomy, but also grossly violates their fundamental rights to dignity, bodily integrity and privacy. The study clears the age-long differing views as to whether failure to obtain informed consent before medical interventions amounts to an assault, negligence or the violation of some specific fundamental rights. It reveals that the major reason why health practitioners administer uninformed medical treatment in contemporary health practice is insufficient awareness of the legal requirements of the doctrine of informed consent. This is coupled with the fact that they believe the doctrine is alien to the African psyche and the process of obtaining informed consent is time-consuming. It thus recommends that health practitioners should have a positive attitude towards the doctrine because having been entrenched in the Constitution, codified in various national laws and upheld by Courts, every legal stipulation regarding the doctrine is binding on them. It also suggests that health practitioners should be abreast with the laws governing informed consent and strictly comply with their substantive and procedural stipulations. This would protect the fundamental rights of the patient and avert legal actions.
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Using GIS and Remote Sensing to identify water-stressed areas in South Africa - A case study of the Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality, Eastern Cape Province
- Authors: Malunda, Kasongo Benjamin
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Water-supply Droughts
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/17238 , vital:40868
- Description: The main purpose of this study is to identify water stressed areas as a response to climate variability (Drought), Aridity, and water exploitation in the Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality (RMLM) using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS). This study focused on evaluating whether it is best to address the issue of drought and water stress as a municipal problem instead of a community-based problem. To achieve this, the study was attempting to establish four things: the climate condition of the municipality, whether the municipality is a drought prone area, how the surface water is being exploited in the municipality, and identify areas that should be considered water stressed areas. There are several indices used to compute water stress and the study opted for indices that can monitor climate variability, and surface water resources. Therefore, the de Martone Aridity Index (MA) was used to compute the aridity of the municipality the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) to compute drought, and the Water Exploitation Index (WEI) to measure population water exploitation. Data used was from 25 weather stations provided by the Meteoblue website and water data from the department of water and sanitation. Thereafter, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to determine the weights of each variables’ contribution to water stress. For validation, the Shapiro, Jarqua Bera and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests were used and results showed that the data was normally distributed and a two-sample t-test confirmed that there was no significant difference between the measured and simulated data. According to the de Martonne there are three main climatic regions in the Raymond Mhlaba Municipality namely: the Mediterranean, semi-humid and humid region. The Mediterranean region is equally prone to drought as the humid region while the semi-humid region was a wet prone. This was contradictory to literature that expected drier regions to experience more frequent drought. However, this may have been influenced by the number of weather points that cover the humid region that is far lower than the ones covering the Mediterranean region. In addition, the municipality is 50% drought prone and would experience extreme events about 30% of the time. The study discovered that towns such as Fort Beaufort, Alice, Adelaide, and Middle drift are water stressed areas. While most of the other regions are low water users. These challenges with water stress could be reduced with the implementation of water saving mechanisms such as water tanks and the avoidance of addressing water stress as municipal challenges as opposed to a town specific challenge.
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- Authors: Malunda, Kasongo Benjamin
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Water-supply Droughts
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/17238 , vital:40868
- Description: The main purpose of this study is to identify water stressed areas as a response to climate variability (Drought), Aridity, and water exploitation in the Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality (RMLM) using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS). This study focused on evaluating whether it is best to address the issue of drought and water stress as a municipal problem instead of a community-based problem. To achieve this, the study was attempting to establish four things: the climate condition of the municipality, whether the municipality is a drought prone area, how the surface water is being exploited in the municipality, and identify areas that should be considered water stressed areas. There are several indices used to compute water stress and the study opted for indices that can monitor climate variability, and surface water resources. Therefore, the de Martone Aridity Index (MA) was used to compute the aridity of the municipality the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) to compute drought, and the Water Exploitation Index (WEI) to measure population water exploitation. Data used was from 25 weather stations provided by the Meteoblue website and water data from the department of water and sanitation. Thereafter, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to determine the weights of each variables’ contribution to water stress. For validation, the Shapiro, Jarqua Bera and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests were used and results showed that the data was normally distributed and a two-sample t-test confirmed that there was no significant difference between the measured and simulated data. According to the de Martonne there are three main climatic regions in the Raymond Mhlaba Municipality namely: the Mediterranean, semi-humid and humid region. The Mediterranean region is equally prone to drought as the humid region while the semi-humid region was a wet prone. This was contradictory to literature that expected drier regions to experience more frequent drought. However, this may have been influenced by the number of weather points that cover the humid region that is far lower than the ones covering the Mediterranean region. In addition, the municipality is 50% drought prone and would experience extreme events about 30% of the time. The study discovered that towns such as Fort Beaufort, Alice, Adelaide, and Middle drift are water stressed areas. While most of the other regions are low water users. These challenges with water stress could be reduced with the implementation of water saving mechanisms such as water tanks and the avoidance of addressing water stress as municipal challenges as opposed to a town specific challenge.
- Full Text:
Utilisation of Teaching and Learning Centres in State Universities in Zimbabwe: implications for teaching and learning
- Authors: Machingura, Viola
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Active learning -- Zimbabwe , Education, Higher -- Zimbabwe
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/12848 , vital:39384
- Description: The purpose of this research was to examine the utilisation of Teaching and Learning Centres (TLC) in state universities in Zimbabwe and the role they are playing in the improvement of teaching and learning in the institutions of higher learning. The social constructivist paradigm was found most appropriate for this study and was the lens by which reality was examined. The study used the qualitative approach and case study design to examine the issue under study. The purposive sampling technique was used to select participants who were rich informants for the study and these included Pro Vice Chancellors, Directors of Teaching and Learning Centres, Deans, lecturers and students. Data were collected through face to face interviews and focus group discussions that were triangulated by analysis of institutional records. The study was also guided by the theoretical lenses of the Social Practice Theory and the Concerns Based Adoption Model that provided the framework for the investigation. The study employed the Tech‘s qualitative model of data analysis that led to the findings being grouped into five major themes. The study established that Teaching and Learning Centres were not being fully utilised, thus were not helping to improve teaching and learning in a meaningful way in state universities in Zimbabwe. Possible reasons for this were the fact that the unit was not fully understood and different players at different levels in groups and as individuals had varied interpretations of what the TLCs were and what their role in the university was supposed to be. This lack of understanding and the absence of a shared understanding of what TLCs are and what they stand for, coupled with other factors such as the freeze on recruitment on staff in state universities and the assumed superiority of research over teaching for tenure and viii promotion, led to the poor positioning and poor staffing of TLCs leading to their poor utilisation in state universities. Each of the staff levels also had concerns about the utilisation of the TLC that made them reluctant to utilise it. The absence of top management support for the TLC, and the perceived superiority of research over teaching again led to poor utilisation of the unit. The study recommends the hosting of symposia between and among state universities for the dissemination of knowledge and information on what the TLC is and what its role should be. Internal consultations by individual state universities on the functions, staffing and positioning of the TLC and exposure for the TLC staff to established units to raise their knowledge and information levels and confidence is encouraged. Removal of the freeze on recruitment of staff so that TLCs can be better positioned and staffed and review of ZIMCHE guidelines to align teaching, research and university service for tenure and promotion would also help. Acquisition of cutting edge technology for teaching and learning and top management to listen to individual and group concerns and act on those that impede on TLC utilisation is a must.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Machingura, Viola
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Active learning -- Zimbabwe , Education, Higher -- Zimbabwe
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/12848 , vital:39384
- Description: The purpose of this research was to examine the utilisation of Teaching and Learning Centres (TLC) in state universities in Zimbabwe and the role they are playing in the improvement of teaching and learning in the institutions of higher learning. The social constructivist paradigm was found most appropriate for this study and was the lens by which reality was examined. The study used the qualitative approach and case study design to examine the issue under study. The purposive sampling technique was used to select participants who were rich informants for the study and these included Pro Vice Chancellors, Directors of Teaching and Learning Centres, Deans, lecturers and students. Data were collected through face to face interviews and focus group discussions that were triangulated by analysis of institutional records. The study was also guided by the theoretical lenses of the Social Practice Theory and the Concerns Based Adoption Model that provided the framework for the investigation. The study employed the Tech‘s qualitative model of data analysis that led to the findings being grouped into five major themes. The study established that Teaching and Learning Centres were not being fully utilised, thus were not helping to improve teaching and learning in a meaningful way in state universities in Zimbabwe. Possible reasons for this were the fact that the unit was not fully understood and different players at different levels in groups and as individuals had varied interpretations of what the TLCs were and what their role in the university was supposed to be. This lack of understanding and the absence of a shared understanding of what TLCs are and what they stand for, coupled with other factors such as the freeze on recruitment on staff in state universities and the assumed superiority of research over teaching for tenure and viii promotion, led to the poor positioning and poor staffing of TLCs leading to their poor utilisation in state universities. Each of the staff levels also had concerns about the utilisation of the TLC that made them reluctant to utilise it. The absence of top management support for the TLC, and the perceived superiority of research over teaching again led to poor utilisation of the unit. The study recommends the hosting of symposia between and among state universities for the dissemination of knowledge and information on what the TLC is and what its role should be. Internal consultations by individual state universities on the functions, staffing and positioning of the TLC and exposure for the TLC staff to established units to raise their knowledge and information levels and confidence is encouraged. Removal of the freeze on recruitment of staff so that TLCs can be better positioned and staffed and review of ZIMCHE guidelines to align teaching, research and university service for tenure and promotion would also help. Acquisition of cutting edge technology for teaching and learning and top management to listen to individual and group concerns and act on those that impede on TLC utilisation is a must.
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Visual art education narratives in context: contribution by offenders in one correctional facility in the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Potelwa, Siphe
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Adult learning
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD (Education)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16665 , vital:40741
- Description: This study sought a solution to close the gap of visual art education narratives under recognition and not taken into consideration in correctional facilities. The researcher’s original contribution to knowledge was to provide the theoretical framework as the lens of this study. This research questions the universal objective of how visual art education narratives contribute to the context of the offender’s voice of selfexpression, self-worth, personal identity and human right in a democratic South African as citizens of society. The aim and objectives were to determine if transformation is evidenced through visual art education and ascertain personal identity as a human right and self-worth for an offender. This study was a qualitative research in which perceptions of offenders in visual art education programmes are investigated in-depth regarding the programmes addressing rehabilitation, selfexpression, self-fulfilment and personal development. Eight respondents participated in this study voluntarily. The selection of respondents in this study was through purposeful sampling. Individual interviews, focus group interviews, observation, document review, open-ended interviews, and website data of correctional services were conducted to collect data. The target participants for this qualitative study were permanent employees of Department of Correctional Services and offenders found guilty of murder and sexual abuse against women and children enrolled in a programme of art education. This study found no anticipated risks to voluntary participation in this research, and the study was free from psychological harm. The study contributed and found adult learners bringing their experience and knowledge into creative artwork skills as voice of self-expression, self-worth and rehabilitation. Analysis of data and interpretation of findings revealed the results that visual art education narratives programme brought self-worth, self-expression, selfdevelopment, self-fulfilment, discipline, prevents conflict, boredom and offender recidivism. This study conclusion stressed, an approach to the solution of the adult learning visual art education in correctional centre were problems identified. It is recommended that the correctional facility, interactive relationships with other departments, and commitment should be implemented without delay
- Full Text:
- Authors: Potelwa, Siphe
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Adult learning
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD (Education)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16665 , vital:40741
- Description: This study sought a solution to close the gap of visual art education narratives under recognition and not taken into consideration in correctional facilities. The researcher’s original contribution to knowledge was to provide the theoretical framework as the lens of this study. This research questions the universal objective of how visual art education narratives contribute to the context of the offender’s voice of selfexpression, self-worth, personal identity and human right in a democratic South African as citizens of society. The aim and objectives were to determine if transformation is evidenced through visual art education and ascertain personal identity as a human right and self-worth for an offender. This study was a qualitative research in which perceptions of offenders in visual art education programmes are investigated in-depth regarding the programmes addressing rehabilitation, selfexpression, self-fulfilment and personal development. Eight respondents participated in this study voluntarily. The selection of respondents in this study was through purposeful sampling. Individual interviews, focus group interviews, observation, document review, open-ended interviews, and website data of correctional services were conducted to collect data. The target participants for this qualitative study were permanent employees of Department of Correctional Services and offenders found guilty of murder and sexual abuse against women and children enrolled in a programme of art education. This study found no anticipated risks to voluntary participation in this research, and the study was free from psychological harm. The study contributed and found adult learners bringing their experience and knowledge into creative artwork skills as voice of self-expression, self-worth and rehabilitation. Analysis of data and interpretation of findings revealed the results that visual art education narratives programme brought self-worth, self-expression, selfdevelopment, self-fulfilment, discipline, prevents conflict, boredom and offender recidivism. This study conclusion stressed, an approach to the solution of the adult learning visual art education in correctional centre were problems identified. It is recommended that the correctional facility, interactive relationships with other departments, and commitment should be implemented without delay
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“Administration of socio-economic aspects of mine closure” a case study of Exxaro Tshikondeni coal mine in Limpopo Province: South Africa
- Authors: kone, Lufuno Reginald
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Organizational effectiveness Public administration
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD ( Public Administration)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13512 , vital:39675
- Description: Limpopo province is host to twenty-six different kinds of minerals and its coalfields have more than 76% of the remaining coal resources in South Africa. This study provided an investigation of the administration and management of the socioeconomic aspects of mine closure at Tshikondeni in Limpopo Province South Africa. A mixed method research or triangulation design was used in this study. Data was collected from former Exxaro Tshikondeni Mine employees, stakeholders, administrators and mine managers. Semi-structured interviews and questionnaires were used as data collection tools in this study. Data was analysed statistically by offering a descriptive analysis of the statistics gathered in this study. In this study, a Mine Closure Model (MCM) based on project management principles, including risk management and concurrent engineering was proposed to manage the closure process thereby assisting the responsible authorities with the evaluation of mine closures and rehabilitation objectives that can be achieved in closure. In this study, it was found out that the future of the mining industry is dependent on the legacy which it leaves (in as far as Exxaro Tshikondeni Mine is concerned), and industry reputation is grossly affected when mines are closed or abandoned without proper rehabilitation having been done. Usually this will lead to long term detrimental environmental impacts. In addressing the abnormalities and negative impacts of mine closure, the mining industry today in South Africa recognises that to gain access to future resources it needs to demonstrate that it can effectively control and manage the closure of mines with the support of the communities within which it operates. The data obtained in this study is deemed to be of utmost significance to the Department of Minerals, Mutale Local Municipality (MLM) in resolving the complexities in how to improve the livelihoods of people in former mining communities.
- Full Text:
- Authors: kone, Lufuno Reginald
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Organizational effectiveness Public administration
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD ( Public Administration)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13512 , vital:39675
- Description: Limpopo province is host to twenty-six different kinds of minerals and its coalfields have more than 76% of the remaining coal resources in South Africa. This study provided an investigation of the administration and management of the socioeconomic aspects of mine closure at Tshikondeni in Limpopo Province South Africa. A mixed method research or triangulation design was used in this study. Data was collected from former Exxaro Tshikondeni Mine employees, stakeholders, administrators and mine managers. Semi-structured interviews and questionnaires were used as data collection tools in this study. Data was analysed statistically by offering a descriptive analysis of the statistics gathered in this study. In this study, a Mine Closure Model (MCM) based on project management principles, including risk management and concurrent engineering was proposed to manage the closure process thereby assisting the responsible authorities with the evaluation of mine closures and rehabilitation objectives that can be achieved in closure. In this study, it was found out that the future of the mining industry is dependent on the legacy which it leaves (in as far as Exxaro Tshikondeni Mine is concerned), and industry reputation is grossly affected when mines are closed or abandoned without proper rehabilitation having been done. Usually this will lead to long term detrimental environmental impacts. In addressing the abnormalities and negative impacts of mine closure, the mining industry today in South Africa recognises that to gain access to future resources it needs to demonstrate that it can effectively control and manage the closure of mines with the support of the communities within which it operates. The data obtained in this study is deemed to be of utmost significance to the Department of Minerals, Mutale Local Municipality (MLM) in resolving the complexities in how to improve the livelihoods of people in former mining communities.
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“Attitudes of community members on the professional behaviour displayed by nurses towards their clients in Mnquma Local Municipality, Dutywa
- Authors: Bomela, Nobantu
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Nursing ethics
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSW
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16199 , vital:40695
- Description: This study explored the attitudes of community members on the professional behaviour displayed by nurses towards their clients in Dutywa location of Mnquma local Municipality, Eastern Cape. The study endeavoured to achieve the following specific objectives: (i) to explore the community members’ perceptions towards the professional behaviour displayed by nurses towards their clients; (ii) to establish the community members’ perceptions on the impact of nurses’ professional behaviour towards the healing of patients; and lastly (iii) to establish strategies to enhance the nurses’ positive professional behaviour towards their clients. The study was premised on Socio-Ecological Model. Methodologically, the study used both qualitative and quantitative paradigm and was thus guided by mixed research designs, which were a case study and a mini survey. The data was collected through in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions in the qualitative aspect of the study. In addition, the quantitative data was gathered through the use of questionnaires. The study used both nonprobability and probability methods of sample selection. Specifically, purposive sampling for qualitative sample and cluster random sampling for quantitative sample was used. Using these techniques, ten (10) participants were selected for qualitative individual interviews, and two focus groups which comprised of five (5) members for each group. Furthermore, questionnaires were (30) individual respondents. Qualitative data was analysed using content thematic analysis, while descriptive statistics was used to analyse quantitative data. The study revealed the following: maltreatment of patients by the nurses; nurses’ behaviour revealed professional deficit; nurses manifested bias in treating their patients; the phenomenon of patients being arrogant and impulsive, negative v treatment dissuades patients from visiting the health-care services and a need for more training or holding workshops for in patient-nurse relationship. Based on the evidence gathered in this study, the following recommendations were made: nurses should revisit their nurses’ code of conduct; improving communication between both the nurses and the clients; and lastly increasing of staff members in the clinic. The study concluded that patient abuse has a long-standing history that can be traced back to ancient times, which is mostly common against women and children, in most cases; the client is often vulnerable because the nurse has more power than the client. Moreover, the nurse has influence, access to information, and specialized knowledge and skills, of which that alone can lead to the nurses mistreating their patients.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Bomela, Nobantu
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Nursing ethics
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSW
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16199 , vital:40695
- Description: This study explored the attitudes of community members on the professional behaviour displayed by nurses towards their clients in Dutywa location of Mnquma local Municipality, Eastern Cape. The study endeavoured to achieve the following specific objectives: (i) to explore the community members’ perceptions towards the professional behaviour displayed by nurses towards their clients; (ii) to establish the community members’ perceptions on the impact of nurses’ professional behaviour towards the healing of patients; and lastly (iii) to establish strategies to enhance the nurses’ positive professional behaviour towards their clients. The study was premised on Socio-Ecological Model. Methodologically, the study used both qualitative and quantitative paradigm and was thus guided by mixed research designs, which were a case study and a mini survey. The data was collected through in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions in the qualitative aspect of the study. In addition, the quantitative data was gathered through the use of questionnaires. The study used both nonprobability and probability methods of sample selection. Specifically, purposive sampling for qualitative sample and cluster random sampling for quantitative sample was used. Using these techniques, ten (10) participants were selected for qualitative individual interviews, and two focus groups which comprised of five (5) members for each group. Furthermore, questionnaires were (30) individual respondents. Qualitative data was analysed using content thematic analysis, while descriptive statistics was used to analyse quantitative data. The study revealed the following: maltreatment of patients by the nurses; nurses’ behaviour revealed professional deficit; nurses manifested bias in treating their patients; the phenomenon of patients being arrogant and impulsive, negative v treatment dissuades patients from visiting the health-care services and a need for more training or holding workshops for in patient-nurse relationship. Based on the evidence gathered in this study, the following recommendations were made: nurses should revisit their nurses’ code of conduct; improving communication between both the nurses and the clients; and lastly increasing of staff members in the clinic. The study concluded that patient abuse has a long-standing history that can be traced back to ancient times, which is mostly common against women and children, in most cases; the client is often vulnerable because the nurse has more power than the client. Moreover, the nurse has influence, access to information, and specialized knowledge and skills, of which that alone can lead to the nurses mistreating their patients.
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“Culture” as an Agent of Societal Regeneration: A Study of Selected Dramatic Literature by Soyinka, Osofisan and Rotimi
- Authors: Megbowon, Funmilola Kemi
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Literature English drama
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/15826 , vital:40530
- Description: Contemporary Yoruba society is laden with the burden of diverse societal misconducts and perversions which are seen to be entrenched in the fabric of the individuals’ daily lives and the society. These misconducts have alarming patterns and worrisome future implications. In this study, it is argued that while all-round forward progress is essential in a society, a simultaneous disconnect with some conventional and traditional element stimulates these aforementioned delinquencies. This therefore calls for societal regeneration of the contemporary Yoruba society in view of achieving a sustainable future. The study further argued that societal regeneration could only be achieved by looking backward into some indigenous cultural elements that made the traditional society a relatively non-perverted society. This argument is presented by examining contemporary dramatic works by Nigerian playwrights whose writings are done in the light of the past. Their works are imperatives because literature is viewed as one of the means of preserving and educating the society of their history, culture and beliefs, and also mirroring the present and projecting into the future. Specifically, the objectives of this study are: 1) To evaluate the levels of cultural and moral values in contemporary Yoruba Society; 2) To examine the key moral and cultural paradigms of the traditional Yoruba tribe of Nigeria; 3) To examine the position of the writers as vanguard of moral and cultural values in contemporary and future Nigerian Society; 4) To examine challenges that arise against their efforts to resuscitate traditional morals and culture among the Yoruba people of Nigeria. These objectives were achieved using textual and interpretative analytical procedures in the texts written by Soyinka, Osofisan and Rotimi. These texts which includeThe Swamp Dwellers, Death and the King’s Horseman, The Trials of Brother vi Jero, The Women of Owu, Kurunmi and The Gods are not to Blame, are all examined within the context of postcolonial theory. The historical endowment of examined playwrights motivated their desire to assert their cultural identity and to preserve their traditional values. The playwrights reflect common concern of the need to appreciate and where necessary to retain traditional cultural values as well as the need to rid society of those traditions that hinder human and society's growth. Each author approaches these concerns from a cultural perspective, they emphasise the rationality and need of establishing their national identity, thereby stressing the importance of traditional values in the process. In a society like the Yoruba where each segment has been affected by extended agents of colonisation, the hope of restoration also lies in the hand of the playwrights who have constantly emphasised through their writings the role of the essentials of Yoruba culture in societal development. The examination of the key moral and cultural paradigms of the traditional Yoruba people of Nigeria, which is objective two of this thesis, is presented within the context of each of the six selected texts. They are discussed in Chapters three to five of the study with respect to each of the authors of the play and the identified relevant sociocultural issues. From the examined literary texts, it is seen that the traditional Yoruba moral and cultural paradigms are distinctive and diverse. Some of these key paradigms represented in the texts include religious practices, language, clothing, respect for elders, chastity before marriage, marriage, justice, marital fidelity, hard work, and leadership accountability. All these key paradigms centre on interpersonal relationships and communal interaction together with the irreplaceable position of the vii gods which are observed to have been imperative in the workings of the traditional Yoruba society, making it a less perverse one. In Chapter six, inferences on the inferred pivotal position of playwright as vanguard of indigenous culture and the conflicts that arise against playwrights’ efforts to resuscitate a moral culture in the Yoruba society of Nigeria which are the objectives three and four of the study are explored. It is identified in the chapter that the battle for lost identity and cultural values is being fought on numerous fronts. Some of the key issues identified as confronting and silencing playwrights’ influences in the society include evolving diversities in ideologies, education, technology, the entertainment industry, and urbanisation. This study recommends the necessity of looking into the economic, social, and cultural development of the Yoruba people in the process of cultural recovery via dramatic literary writings and presentations. The playwrights should use their knowledge to spur the people into action, and foster through his writings the hope of a better future. The playwrights are not only responsible to their national culture, but to the nation as a whole, whose culture is, after all, but one aspect. This is also believed to be relevant in the fight against several social anomalies in the African community, thereby aiding the continent’s development
- Full Text:
- Authors: Megbowon, Funmilola Kemi
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Literature English drama
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/15826 , vital:40530
- Description: Contemporary Yoruba society is laden with the burden of diverse societal misconducts and perversions which are seen to be entrenched in the fabric of the individuals’ daily lives and the society. These misconducts have alarming patterns and worrisome future implications. In this study, it is argued that while all-round forward progress is essential in a society, a simultaneous disconnect with some conventional and traditional element stimulates these aforementioned delinquencies. This therefore calls for societal regeneration of the contemporary Yoruba society in view of achieving a sustainable future. The study further argued that societal regeneration could only be achieved by looking backward into some indigenous cultural elements that made the traditional society a relatively non-perverted society. This argument is presented by examining contemporary dramatic works by Nigerian playwrights whose writings are done in the light of the past. Their works are imperatives because literature is viewed as one of the means of preserving and educating the society of their history, culture and beliefs, and also mirroring the present and projecting into the future. Specifically, the objectives of this study are: 1) To evaluate the levels of cultural and moral values in contemporary Yoruba Society; 2) To examine the key moral and cultural paradigms of the traditional Yoruba tribe of Nigeria; 3) To examine the position of the writers as vanguard of moral and cultural values in contemporary and future Nigerian Society; 4) To examine challenges that arise against their efforts to resuscitate traditional morals and culture among the Yoruba people of Nigeria. These objectives were achieved using textual and interpretative analytical procedures in the texts written by Soyinka, Osofisan and Rotimi. These texts which includeThe Swamp Dwellers, Death and the King’s Horseman, The Trials of Brother vi Jero, The Women of Owu, Kurunmi and The Gods are not to Blame, are all examined within the context of postcolonial theory. The historical endowment of examined playwrights motivated their desire to assert their cultural identity and to preserve their traditional values. The playwrights reflect common concern of the need to appreciate and where necessary to retain traditional cultural values as well as the need to rid society of those traditions that hinder human and society's growth. Each author approaches these concerns from a cultural perspective, they emphasise the rationality and need of establishing their national identity, thereby stressing the importance of traditional values in the process. In a society like the Yoruba where each segment has been affected by extended agents of colonisation, the hope of restoration also lies in the hand of the playwrights who have constantly emphasised through their writings the role of the essentials of Yoruba culture in societal development. The examination of the key moral and cultural paradigms of the traditional Yoruba people of Nigeria, which is objective two of this thesis, is presented within the context of each of the six selected texts. They are discussed in Chapters three to five of the study with respect to each of the authors of the play and the identified relevant sociocultural issues. From the examined literary texts, it is seen that the traditional Yoruba moral and cultural paradigms are distinctive and diverse. Some of these key paradigms represented in the texts include religious practices, language, clothing, respect for elders, chastity before marriage, marriage, justice, marital fidelity, hard work, and leadership accountability. All these key paradigms centre on interpersonal relationships and communal interaction together with the irreplaceable position of the vii gods which are observed to have been imperative in the workings of the traditional Yoruba society, making it a less perverse one. In Chapter six, inferences on the inferred pivotal position of playwright as vanguard of indigenous culture and the conflicts that arise against playwrights’ efforts to resuscitate a moral culture in the Yoruba society of Nigeria which are the objectives three and four of the study are explored. It is identified in the chapter that the battle for lost identity and cultural values is being fought on numerous fronts. Some of the key issues identified as confronting and silencing playwrights’ influences in the society include evolving diversities in ideologies, education, technology, the entertainment industry, and urbanisation. This study recommends the necessity of looking into the economic, social, and cultural development of the Yoruba people in the process of cultural recovery via dramatic literary writings and presentations. The playwrights should use their knowledge to spur the people into action, and foster through his writings the hope of a better future. The playwrights are not only responsible to their national culture, but to the nation as a whole, whose culture is, after all, but one aspect. This is also believed to be relevant in the fight against several social anomalies in the African community, thereby aiding the continent’s development
- Full Text:
“Examining mentors’ practices in facilitating career development and providing psychosocial support to trainee teachers during teaching practice: A case study of one teachers’ college in Zimbabwe”
- Authors: Madzore, Rosemary
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Mentoring in education Mentoring
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD (Education)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16621 , vital:40737
- Description: This study examined mentors’ practices in facilitating career development and providing psychosocial support to trainee teachers during teaching practice in one teachers’ college in Zimbabwe. The study employed the interpretive paradigm and used the qualitative approach and case study research design. Purposive sampling was used to select 27 participants who were perceived to be rich informants. These participants included 6 mentors, 15 trainee teachers, 5 college lecturers, 2 lecturers from the teaching practice office, 3 senior lecturers in charge and 1 university lecturer who is a link person between the college and the Department of Teacher Education. Data were obtained through face to face interviews, focus groups and document analysis. The study revealed that mentors performed both career development and psychosocial support roles during teaching practice, although the psychosocial roles were not very prominent. The interviewed mentors and trainee teachers also indicated that, although mentors knew how they should perform their duties, they encountered various challenges which hindered the effectiveness of the mentorship programme. The participants from the three schools revealed that mentors employed both good and bad strategies to provide career development and psychosocial support to trainee teachers during teaching practice. There was also evidence that colleges and schools use different mentoring mechanisms in facilitating career development and providing psychosocial support to trainee teachers during teaching practice.The data also revealed that there were challenges encountered in the use of these mentoring mechanisms. The participants also acknowledged that, despite these challenges, there were good practices and benefits of mentorship. However, there were gaps noted in the mentors’ practices in facilitating career development and providing psychosocial support. It emerged that there was lack of qualified school mentors resulting in inadequate provision of career development and psychosocial support. It was also established that financial constraints affected the effectiveness of mentorship. The study found that there were loopholes in mentor selection. Financial constraints also hindered capacity building programmes for mentors. The study established strategies that can be used to improve mentorship. Teachers’ colleges and schools should be adequately resourced to ensure effective mentorship during teaching practice. This could be done through adequate material resources, workshops, updates of schools and college activities supervision, review of mentorship iii programmes, incentives, orientation and induction for mentors. The study also recommended that the Ministry of Higher and Tertiary Education Science and Technology Development (MoHTESTD), the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education (MoPSE), colleges and schools consider a mentorship policy that fuses global and national trends. Resources should also be mobilised by all the stakeholders involved who include the MoHTEST, MoPSE, teacher training colleges and secondary schools, for effective mentorship.The study recommended considering alternative mentorship models with regard to the provision of career development and psychosocial support to trainee teachers from secondary teacher-training colleges in Zimbabwe.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Madzore, Rosemary
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Mentoring in education Mentoring
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD (Education)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16621 , vital:40737
- Description: This study examined mentors’ practices in facilitating career development and providing psychosocial support to trainee teachers during teaching practice in one teachers’ college in Zimbabwe. The study employed the interpretive paradigm and used the qualitative approach and case study research design. Purposive sampling was used to select 27 participants who were perceived to be rich informants. These participants included 6 mentors, 15 trainee teachers, 5 college lecturers, 2 lecturers from the teaching practice office, 3 senior lecturers in charge and 1 university lecturer who is a link person between the college and the Department of Teacher Education. Data were obtained through face to face interviews, focus groups and document analysis. The study revealed that mentors performed both career development and psychosocial support roles during teaching practice, although the psychosocial roles were not very prominent. The interviewed mentors and trainee teachers also indicated that, although mentors knew how they should perform their duties, they encountered various challenges which hindered the effectiveness of the mentorship programme. The participants from the three schools revealed that mentors employed both good and bad strategies to provide career development and psychosocial support to trainee teachers during teaching practice. There was also evidence that colleges and schools use different mentoring mechanisms in facilitating career development and providing psychosocial support to trainee teachers during teaching practice.The data also revealed that there were challenges encountered in the use of these mentoring mechanisms. The participants also acknowledged that, despite these challenges, there were good practices and benefits of mentorship. However, there were gaps noted in the mentors’ practices in facilitating career development and providing psychosocial support. It emerged that there was lack of qualified school mentors resulting in inadequate provision of career development and psychosocial support. It was also established that financial constraints affected the effectiveness of mentorship. The study found that there were loopholes in mentor selection. Financial constraints also hindered capacity building programmes for mentors. The study established strategies that can be used to improve mentorship. Teachers’ colleges and schools should be adequately resourced to ensure effective mentorship during teaching practice. This could be done through adequate material resources, workshops, updates of schools and college activities supervision, review of mentorship iii programmes, incentives, orientation and induction for mentors. The study also recommended that the Ministry of Higher and Tertiary Education Science and Technology Development (MoHTESTD), the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education (MoPSE), colleges and schools consider a mentorship policy that fuses global and national trends. Resources should also be mobilised by all the stakeholders involved who include the MoHTEST, MoPSE, teacher training colleges and secondary schools, for effective mentorship.The study recommended considering alternative mentorship models with regard to the provision of career development and psychosocial support to trainee teachers from secondary teacher-training colleges in Zimbabwe.
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- Authors: Mugedya, Samuel
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Juvenile delinquency
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSW
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/17685 , vital:41136
- Description: This study explored the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency in grandparent headed families in Hill Crest, Alice township, Eastern Cape. The study endeavoured to achieve the following specific objectives: (I) to determine the factors associated with juvenile delinquency in grandparent headed family environments; (ii) to ascertain the experiences encountered by grandparent headed families due to juvenile delinquency. (iii) to establish the support system provided by the relevant stakeholders (probation officers, police, school officials and grandparents) to address juvenile delinquency in grandparent headed families. The study was premised on theoretical lenses of the social bond theory, social learning theory and general strain theory. Methodologically, the study used the qualitative approach guided by the exploratory-descriptive research design and phenomenology was adopted as the specific research design. The data was collected through in-depth one-on-one interviews, focus group discussions and key informant method. Also, the study used non-probability method sample selection, specifically purposive sampling technique was used. Using this technique, nineteen (19) participants were selected comprised of five (5) grandchildren, eighty (8) grandparents, two (2) probation officers, two (2) police officers, one (1) community committee member and one (1) school official. Data were analysed through thematic analysis. The study revealed the following findings: the grandparent household have unique factors that are contributing to juvenile delinquency these include old age, overprotection, backgrounds of grandchildren to mention but just a few; delinquency by grandchildren has spill over effects that are adversely affecting the lives of grandparents for instance health deterioration, victimisation and loss of property; ii grandparents have their own means of addressing juvenile delinquency such as corporal punishment, emotional attachment and religion; the department of social development has programmes in place to assist grandparents, however, they are facing some challenges in effectively execute them; relevant stakeholders such as police and schools shown reluctance in addressing juvenile delinquency in grandparent headed families. Based on the evidence gathered, this study made the following recommendations: development of programmes to assist grandparent headed households on parenting; mentoring programmes for vulnerable children; the appointment and active involvement of youth workers; social development need to need to regard probation as a specialised area and policies should be developed protecting old aged persons from taking full custody of children. The study concluded that grandparent headed households are contributing to juvenile delinquency and old age was determined to be the central key factor giving birth to this quagmire.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mugedya, Samuel
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Juvenile delinquency
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSW
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/17685 , vital:41136
- Description: This study explored the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency in grandparent headed families in Hill Crest, Alice township, Eastern Cape. The study endeavoured to achieve the following specific objectives: (I) to determine the factors associated with juvenile delinquency in grandparent headed family environments; (ii) to ascertain the experiences encountered by grandparent headed families due to juvenile delinquency. (iii) to establish the support system provided by the relevant stakeholders (probation officers, police, school officials and grandparents) to address juvenile delinquency in grandparent headed families. The study was premised on theoretical lenses of the social bond theory, social learning theory and general strain theory. Methodologically, the study used the qualitative approach guided by the exploratory-descriptive research design and phenomenology was adopted as the specific research design. The data was collected through in-depth one-on-one interviews, focus group discussions and key informant method. Also, the study used non-probability method sample selection, specifically purposive sampling technique was used. Using this technique, nineteen (19) participants were selected comprised of five (5) grandchildren, eighty (8) grandparents, two (2) probation officers, two (2) police officers, one (1) community committee member and one (1) school official. Data were analysed through thematic analysis. The study revealed the following findings: the grandparent household have unique factors that are contributing to juvenile delinquency these include old age, overprotection, backgrounds of grandchildren to mention but just a few; delinquency by grandchildren has spill over effects that are adversely affecting the lives of grandparents for instance health deterioration, victimisation and loss of property; ii grandparents have their own means of addressing juvenile delinquency such as corporal punishment, emotional attachment and religion; the department of social development has programmes in place to assist grandparents, however, they are facing some challenges in effectively execute them; relevant stakeholders such as police and schools shown reluctance in addressing juvenile delinquency in grandparent headed families. Based on the evidence gathered, this study made the following recommendations: development of programmes to assist grandparent headed households on parenting; mentoring programmes for vulnerable children; the appointment and active involvement of youth workers; social development need to need to regard probation as a specialised area and policies should be developed protecting old aged persons from taking full custody of children. The study concluded that grandparent headed households are contributing to juvenile delinquency and old age was determined to be the central key factor giving birth to this quagmire.
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