The use of African languages in traditional courts: a Luyengweni case study
- Authors: Nyakambi, Ntombizethu
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: African languages South Africa Eastern Cape , Forensic linguistics South Africa Eastern Cape , Linguistic rights South Africa Eastern Cape , Communication in law South Africa Eastern Cape , Language planning South Africa Eastern Cape , Language policy South Africa Eastern Cape , Court interpreting and translating South Africa Eastern Cape , Customary law South Africa Eastern Cape , Customary law courts South Africa Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/188810 , vital:44788
- Description: Forensic linguistics is a relatively new field in South Africa. This field which forms part of the applied linguistic discipline seeks to look at the application of linguistic knowledge, methods and insights to the forensic context of the law. This is a forensic linguistic study that seeks to look at the use of African languages in the traditional courts. The researcher explored the traditional courts of Luyengweni, a rural area situated in KwaBhaca at Mount Frere in the Eastern Cape. The concept of African languages usage is explored within the boundaries of customary laws as outlined in Section 6 of the South African Constitution of 1996. To fully elicit the use of African languages in the traditional courts of Luyengweni this study employed an exploratory qualitative research design method. This research method allows for data to be collected from the participants using semi-structured interviews, observation and other qualitative methods of data instrumentation. Relevant community members of Luyengweni such as Chiefs and their councillors, ordinary members of the community and the court secretary were interviewed by the researcher and the data was translated, transcribed and analysed. The thesis made use of a thematic analysis. These themes showed that the use of African languages in traditional courts is still relevant, however, the imbalances of language use in both common and customary law need to be addressed. The study revealed that the traditional courts still serve as law institutions that people trust to bring about justice, therefore language use as one of the pivotal tools in the justice system needs to be considered for effective justice to be carried out. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Languages and Literatures, 2021
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- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
Physiological winners and losers in an ocean warming hotspot: a Case study on argyrosomus off the Namibian coast, with implications for their future management
- Authors: Pringle, Brett Andrew
- Date: 2021-10
- Subjects: Argyrosomus Benguela Current , Ocean temperature Benguela Current , Sciaenidae Benguela Current , Argyrosomus Physiology Benguela Current , Argyrosomus Geographical distribution Climatic factors Benguela Current , Argyrosomus Effect of temperature on Benguela Current , Sciaenidae fisheries Namibia , Fishery management Namibia , Sustainable fisheries Namibia
- Language: English
- Type: Masters theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/188987 , vital:44804
- Description: Anthropogenic-induced climate change is having a profound impact on aquatic ecosystems, and the resilience of fish populations will be determined by how they respond to these impacts. Changes in ocean water temperature is regarded as the most pervasive change, and affects the biological, physiological and distribution response of species, particularly ectotherms. The increasingly variable biological responses to a changing environment suggest that some species and populations will likely prove to be more tolerant than others. The northern Namibian coast is an ocean warming hotspot, with temperatures rising at approximately ten times the global average. These rapid changes are predicted to have a considerable impact on the marine fauna. One recently documented change in distribution is a southern extension of the sciaenid, Argyrosomus coronus, from southern Angola into northern Namibian waters, where it now overlaps with the closely related Namibian species, Argyrosomus inodorus. Understanding how these species perform at current and future temperatures and where they overlap is vital to optimise any adaptive management for the Argyrosomus species, which forms a large component of Namibia’s coastal commercial, recreational and subsistence fisheries. The aim of this study was to quantify the aerobic scope of both species (A. coronus and A. inodorus), to determine which Argyrosomus species will be a winner at the current and future climate predictions and to provide recommendations for the sustainable management of the Namibian Argyrosomus fishery. Intermittent flow-through respirometry was used to quantify standard and maximum metabolic rates for both species across a range of temperatures. Results showed that metabolic rates scaled positively with temperature. It appears that the aerobic scope of A. inodorus was notably higher at most temperatures (12, 15, 18 and 21˚C), while that of A. coronus was only higher at the warmest test temperature of 24˚C. This corresponded with the contemporary biogeographic patterns of each species. Based on these findings, it is likely that the warming ocean conditions in northern Namibia and the cold Lüdertiz upwelling cell south of Walvis Bay will constrain these fish to central Namibia. While both species demonstrated signs of resilience to high temperatures, it is likely that the warming conditions will increasingly favour A. coronus, and that the leading edge of their distribution will shift southward in Namibia. The distribution of A. inodorus is likely to contract, as the energy budget of those on the northern trailing edge will be compromised. To promote the sustainable utilisation of the complex Argyrosomus fishery, adaptive management strategies need to be implemented. This will only be possible with a comprehensive monitoring program, including the collection of genetic data to inform the changing proportions of the two species. To maintain the A. coronus population, the current regulations need to be re-assessed, and harvest slots should be introduced to protect juvenile A. coronus and the fecund large females of both species. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Ichthyology and Fisheries, 2021
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- Date Issued: 2021-10