Cynical evictions and the possessory action in search of an appropriate remedy
- Phillips, Jeremy Alan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2046-0744
- Authors: Phillips, Jeremy Alan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2046-0744
- Date: 2021-11
- Subjects: Eviction
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22434 , vital:52285
- Description: A cynical eviction is an unlawful eviction where, in the course of the eviction, the evictee's home is destroyed. They are a notorious brand of eviction which has darkly coloured South Africa's history and social geography. And they persist still to this day. The cynicality of a cynical eviction lies in the fact that because the home, and its composite materials, are destroyed, application of the mandament van spolie is precluded. With the obvious remedy barred, there is academic and judicial disagreement about which remedy should be used instead. Some have argued that, despite the technical difficulties, the mandament van spolie should be relied on, while others insist that the extraordinary constitutional remedy, crafted in the Tswelopele case, is the best option. This dissertation argues that there are obvious shortcomings with both two remedies, and investigates whether a third remedy, the possessory action, might be better-suited. It finds that, while the possessory action has many benefits, it too is deficient in some respects. It ultimately concludes that all three remedies are only, at best, partially appropriate for addressing cynical evictions and that whichever remedy is the most appropriate in the instant cynical eviction should be preferred for that particular case. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-11
- Authors: Phillips, Jeremy Alan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2046-0744
- Date: 2021-11
- Subjects: Eviction
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22434 , vital:52285
- Description: A cynical eviction is an unlawful eviction where, in the course of the eviction, the evictee's home is destroyed. They are a notorious brand of eviction which has darkly coloured South Africa's history and social geography. And they persist still to this day. The cynicality of a cynical eviction lies in the fact that because the home, and its composite materials, are destroyed, application of the mandament van spolie is precluded. With the obvious remedy barred, there is academic and judicial disagreement about which remedy should be used instead. Some have argued that, despite the technical difficulties, the mandament van spolie should be relied on, while others insist that the extraordinary constitutional remedy, crafted in the Tswelopele case, is the best option. This dissertation argues that there are obvious shortcomings with both two remedies, and investigates whether a third remedy, the possessory action, might be better-suited. It finds that, while the possessory action has many benefits, it too is deficient in some respects. It ultimately concludes that all three remedies are only, at best, partially appropriate for addressing cynical evictions and that whichever remedy is the most appropriate in the instant cynical eviction should be preferred for that particular case. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-11
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the treatment options for dental caries among the adult patients for dental caries in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, in East London, Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Authors: Veleekizhakethil, Legy
- Date: 2021-11
- Subjects: Dental caries , Periodontics
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22968 , vital:53257
- Description: Dentistry offers several caries-preventive measures, some of which emphasise not only patient’s responsibility to manage their disease, but also how dental professionals should manage it. Consequently, this study aimed to examine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of adult patients towards treatment options relating to dental caries in the geographical context of Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, situated in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Purpose Firstly, this quantitative study set out to assess the existing oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices among an adult population visiting dental health facilities in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, in East London, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Secondly, it aimed to examine the prevalence of dental caries, periodontal diseases and tooth associated diseases in this specific setting. Furthermore, the study sought to provide baseline data in order to organise a successful dental prevention programme. The data obtained will determine the layout of policies to be put forward to the Department of Health. Methodology The researcher took a quantitative approach and conducted descriptive surveys from November 2019 to March 2020. A close-ended, structured questionnaire for data collection was designed based on the aspects of knowledge, attitudes, practices and behaviour pertaining to the area of dental caries. A clinical examination of dental status was performed using dental probes, dental mirrors and tooth air-drying. All decay, and missing, filled or restored teeth due to dental caries, along with the presence of calculus, gingival, and periodontal lesions were recorded. Results Participants had an average knowledge score of 80percent with a 95percent confidence interval of (76percent; 84percent). The majority knew the importance of cleaning their teeth (88.9percent), were aware of the effects of sugary diets (80.7percent), avoided sugary foods (64.6percent), and lastly were aware of the causes of dental caries (71.3percent). However it is concerning that most had never visited a dentist, as reflected by 69.1percent of participants agreeing or strongly agreeing. At least 70percent of those who responded were satisfied with their dentists in that they ( the dentists) freely share ideas and opinions and provide advice on options for dental care. The study revealed a high prevalence of dental caries with a ratio of 6.23. Conclusions The majority of the participants affirmed the importance of visiting the dentist for a routine dental examination. In addition, the majority are aware that sugary diets are associated with dental caries. However, there is a high prevalence of dental caries among participants in this setting. Therefore, dentists should provide preventive measures, along with professional restorative and plaque removal, to curb the burden of dental caries and periodontal diseases. The type and extent of preventive measures must be adjusted according to the patient’s individual needs. Dental health professionals must collaborate with other health-care providers to promote preventive dental health. , Thesis (MPH) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-11
- Authors: Veleekizhakethil, Legy
- Date: 2021-11
- Subjects: Dental caries , Periodontics
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22968 , vital:53257
- Description: Dentistry offers several caries-preventive measures, some of which emphasise not only patient’s responsibility to manage their disease, but also how dental professionals should manage it. Consequently, this study aimed to examine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of adult patients towards treatment options relating to dental caries in the geographical context of Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, situated in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Purpose Firstly, this quantitative study set out to assess the existing oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices among an adult population visiting dental health facilities in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, in East London, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Secondly, it aimed to examine the prevalence of dental caries, periodontal diseases and tooth associated diseases in this specific setting. Furthermore, the study sought to provide baseline data in order to organise a successful dental prevention programme. The data obtained will determine the layout of policies to be put forward to the Department of Health. Methodology The researcher took a quantitative approach and conducted descriptive surveys from November 2019 to March 2020. A close-ended, structured questionnaire for data collection was designed based on the aspects of knowledge, attitudes, practices and behaviour pertaining to the area of dental caries. A clinical examination of dental status was performed using dental probes, dental mirrors and tooth air-drying. All decay, and missing, filled or restored teeth due to dental caries, along with the presence of calculus, gingival, and periodontal lesions were recorded. Results Participants had an average knowledge score of 80percent with a 95percent confidence interval of (76percent; 84percent). The majority knew the importance of cleaning their teeth (88.9percent), were aware of the effects of sugary diets (80.7percent), avoided sugary foods (64.6percent), and lastly were aware of the causes of dental caries (71.3percent). However it is concerning that most had never visited a dentist, as reflected by 69.1percent of participants agreeing or strongly agreeing. At least 70percent of those who responded were satisfied with their dentists in that they ( the dentists) freely share ideas and opinions and provide advice on options for dental care. The study revealed a high prevalence of dental caries with a ratio of 6.23. Conclusions The majority of the participants affirmed the importance of visiting the dentist for a routine dental examination. In addition, the majority are aware that sugary diets are associated with dental caries. However, there is a high prevalence of dental caries among participants in this setting. Therefore, dentists should provide preventive measures, along with professional restorative and plaque removal, to curb the burden of dental caries and periodontal diseases. The type and extent of preventive measures must be adjusted according to the patient’s individual needs. Dental health professionals must collaborate with other health-care providers to promote preventive dental health. , Thesis (MPH) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-11
Low uptake and early removal of Implanon NXT among women of reproductive age in Limpopo
- Magomani, Nandu Victoria https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-5473-9984
- Authors: Magomani, Nandu Victoria https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-5473-9984
- Date: 2021-11
- Subjects: Contraceptive drug implants
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21849 , vital:51829
- Description: Implanon NXT also referred to as subdermal Implant, is a long-acting subdermal contraceptive method available in the South African public health care system since 2014. The implant was introduced to broaden the choice for women of childbearing age to delay or prevent unwanted pregnancies. Following a surge in popularity, reports of early removals and frequent adverse effects led to a significant decrease in its uptake in the country. Insufficient knowledge on Implanon, poor management of side effects, poor counseling by health care workers, and lack of partner support were the main themes that were picked from the interview, influencing uptake or early removals of the Implanon. The major concerning side effect reported was uncontrolled and irregular heavy bleeding The purpose of the study was to explore the factors associated with low uptake and early removals of Implanon NXT among women of reproductive age in one district in Limpopo province. A qualitative research design was used, primarily as exploratory and descriptive in nature. Participants were identified using non-probable, purposeful voluntary sampling. Data collection was achieved using open-ended structured interviews with sixteen (16) women aged from18-49. Data was analysed using thematic method of organizing data into categories, followed by coding and sorting the data to identify patterns and interpret the meanings and responses. An independent consultant was involved to confirm the thematic areas identified after which consensus discussions took place to finalize the analysed data. From the results, it appeared that there was a need that Implanon should be marketed by use of digital platforms and print media for information sharing. These platforms should be utilized by DOH from the National, provincial, district, facility and community levels. There should be clear protocol on how to manage different kinds of side effects, and this information should be rolled out to the implementation level. Health Care workers should provide client education and counselling services to the clients about the effectiveness of the method. Male partner involvement is crucial to provide support for women on contraceptives and to support their contraceptive choices. Mentorship will help providers to attain their proficiency in Implanon counselling, insertions, and removals. Lastly, availing adequate and effective youth-friendly services to enable young people to open up more about challenges and options that can be explored. For the adolescents and youth, these services should be provided by trained providers not at the general unit, where there is a mixture of adult population and the elderly, but at youth zones to enhance the uptake of Implanon NXT. Recommendations are for clinical practice area, for generic student education as well as for further research. The conclusions confirm that the government need to revitalise the Implanon program, to drive the uptake and reduce early removals. Training of health workers and mentorship should emphasize more comprehensive counselling, provide adequate information on what is to be expected and more importantly, how to treat and manage the side effects. That early removals due to side effects become the last option as information need to be widely available to all users utilising the traditional methods and modern methods such as digital platforms to spread the correct information and create demand for the Implanon. The functional service-provision-based youth-friendly services which will cater for the needs of young women and adolescents is highlighted as it provides a comfortable and conducive environment to provide and receive a comprehensive sexual reproductive health and rights services. , Thesis (MPH) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-11
- Authors: Magomani, Nandu Victoria https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-5473-9984
- Date: 2021-11
- Subjects: Contraceptive drug implants
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21849 , vital:51829
- Description: Implanon NXT also referred to as subdermal Implant, is a long-acting subdermal contraceptive method available in the South African public health care system since 2014. The implant was introduced to broaden the choice for women of childbearing age to delay or prevent unwanted pregnancies. Following a surge in popularity, reports of early removals and frequent adverse effects led to a significant decrease in its uptake in the country. Insufficient knowledge on Implanon, poor management of side effects, poor counseling by health care workers, and lack of partner support were the main themes that were picked from the interview, influencing uptake or early removals of the Implanon. The major concerning side effect reported was uncontrolled and irregular heavy bleeding The purpose of the study was to explore the factors associated with low uptake and early removals of Implanon NXT among women of reproductive age in one district in Limpopo province. A qualitative research design was used, primarily as exploratory and descriptive in nature. Participants were identified using non-probable, purposeful voluntary sampling. Data collection was achieved using open-ended structured interviews with sixteen (16) women aged from18-49. Data was analysed using thematic method of organizing data into categories, followed by coding and sorting the data to identify patterns and interpret the meanings and responses. An independent consultant was involved to confirm the thematic areas identified after which consensus discussions took place to finalize the analysed data. From the results, it appeared that there was a need that Implanon should be marketed by use of digital platforms and print media for information sharing. These platforms should be utilized by DOH from the National, provincial, district, facility and community levels. There should be clear protocol on how to manage different kinds of side effects, and this information should be rolled out to the implementation level. Health Care workers should provide client education and counselling services to the clients about the effectiveness of the method. Male partner involvement is crucial to provide support for women on contraceptives and to support their contraceptive choices. Mentorship will help providers to attain their proficiency in Implanon counselling, insertions, and removals. Lastly, availing adequate and effective youth-friendly services to enable young people to open up more about challenges and options that can be explored. For the adolescents and youth, these services should be provided by trained providers not at the general unit, where there is a mixture of adult population and the elderly, but at youth zones to enhance the uptake of Implanon NXT. Recommendations are for clinical practice area, for generic student education as well as for further research. The conclusions confirm that the government need to revitalise the Implanon program, to drive the uptake and reduce early removals. Training of health workers and mentorship should emphasize more comprehensive counselling, provide adequate information on what is to be expected and more importantly, how to treat and manage the side effects. That early removals due to side effects become the last option as information need to be widely available to all users utilising the traditional methods and modern methods such as digital platforms to spread the correct information and create demand for the Implanon. The functional service-provision-based youth-friendly services which will cater for the needs of young women and adolescents is highlighted as it provides a comfortable and conducive environment to provide and receive a comprehensive sexual reproductive health and rights services. , Thesis (MPH) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-11
Mass media use and knowledge gap amongst Walter Sisulu University, public relations management students: a content analysis study.
- Authors: Mva, Coceka
- Date: 2021-11
- Subjects: Education, Rural , Mass media--Social aspects , Mass media in education
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21036 , vital:46916
- Description: Walter Sisulu University recruits students from the deep rural areas as well as students from urban areas all over the Eastern Cape Province. Students coming from rural areas are completely different from students coming from urban areas. The difference is caused by the different quality of infrastructure each area is exposed to. Urban students are exposed to high quality education whereas rural students have very poor infrastructure that they can hardly use to better their education. Urban students are exposed to all kinds of mass media and they are taught how to use and manipulate them. For rural students the exposure to mass media is too rare to the point where only the minority is able to use them. Therefore, this research was done to find out if there are any differences in understanding social and current events between urban and rural students studying public relations management at Walter Sisulu University. The study therefore sought to find out if this came as a result of their differentiated exposure to the mass media. Literature collected shows that rural students do not benefit as much as urban students from the knowledge and information communicated by the mass media. This is because rural areas lack electricity for television and radio usage, they lack quality roads for newspapers to be delivered to rural areas. However, questionnaires and interviews show that when at university, rural students struggle to cope in their first year of studies but their performance becomes better in their second and final year of study. , Thesis (MSoc Sci) (Communication) -- University of Fort Hare, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-11
- Authors: Mva, Coceka
- Date: 2021-11
- Subjects: Education, Rural , Mass media--Social aspects , Mass media in education
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21036 , vital:46916
- Description: Walter Sisulu University recruits students from the deep rural areas as well as students from urban areas all over the Eastern Cape Province. Students coming from rural areas are completely different from students coming from urban areas. The difference is caused by the different quality of infrastructure each area is exposed to. Urban students are exposed to high quality education whereas rural students have very poor infrastructure that they can hardly use to better their education. Urban students are exposed to all kinds of mass media and they are taught how to use and manipulate them. For rural students the exposure to mass media is too rare to the point where only the minority is able to use them. Therefore, this research was done to find out if there are any differences in understanding social and current events between urban and rural students studying public relations management at Walter Sisulu University. The study therefore sought to find out if this came as a result of their differentiated exposure to the mass media. Literature collected shows that rural students do not benefit as much as urban students from the knowledge and information communicated by the mass media. This is because rural areas lack electricity for television and radio usage, they lack quality roads for newspapers to be delivered to rural areas. However, questionnaires and interviews show that when at university, rural students struggle to cope in their first year of studies but their performance becomes better in their second and final year of study. , Thesis (MSoc Sci) (Communication) -- University of Fort Hare, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-11
Retrospective analysis of factors contributing to parasuicide among youth in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Authors: Nganto, Yanga
- Date: 2021-11
- Subjects: Parasuicide -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22897 , vital:53181
- Description: Parasuicide is a problem that affects the youth locally and globally. Parasuicide has negative psychological impacts on youth. This study was designed to assess elements of parasuicide in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality of South Africa, using records of patients admitted to Frere and Cecilia Makiwane hospitals between 2016 and 2020. The purpose of the study was to conduct a descriptive retrospective review of parasuicide among youth to determine trends, causes, and contributing factors of committing parasuicide. Methods A retrospective, quantitative and descriptive study was conducted with 200 files of patients aged between 18 and 35 years conveniently sampled. These patients diagnosed as committed parasuicide and were admitted at Frere and Cecilia Makiwane hospitals over a period of four years from 1 April 2016 to 31 March 202. Only record files of patients’ residing in East London and Mdantsane catchment area were selected. Raw data was collected for a period of twelve weeks using a developed data collection tool developed in Ms Excel spreadsheet. Results In this sample, the large number of the patients were under 26 years (60.5%), female (57%), single (92.5%), and Black (99.5%). Furthermore, majority of the patients had attained secondary education (89.5%), were unemployed (83%) and living with their families (59%). There were different methods and agents used by participants to commit parasuicide and reasons differed from person to person. Among patients who reported a suicide attempt, organophosphates were most commonly used agent for self-poisoning (47%, n=94), followed by substances such as use of drugs and alcohol (n=57, 28.5%), violence (n=27, 13.5%), corrosive agents including bleach and Jik (n=11, 5.5%), and hydrogen peroxide including acidic sub-stances like battery acid (n=11, 5.5%). The common reason found in the study and indicates participants had psychiatric disorder (34.5%). Conclusion Limiting access to organophosphate agents and other lethal means is an effective strategy that should be adopted to prevent parasuicide among youth. Timely identification of risks or warning signs, social prevention and immediate intervention at the state level will play an important role in controlling parasuicide among youth. Moreover, improving health care services with psychotherapy support would empower youth with skills that would enhance their self-confidence, self-worth and resilience. Consequently, attainment of these attributes would result in the prevention and control of parasuicide amongst youth. , Thesis (MPH) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-11
- Authors: Nganto, Yanga
- Date: 2021-11
- Subjects: Parasuicide -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22897 , vital:53181
- Description: Parasuicide is a problem that affects the youth locally and globally. Parasuicide has negative psychological impacts on youth. This study was designed to assess elements of parasuicide in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality of South Africa, using records of patients admitted to Frere and Cecilia Makiwane hospitals between 2016 and 2020. The purpose of the study was to conduct a descriptive retrospective review of parasuicide among youth to determine trends, causes, and contributing factors of committing parasuicide. Methods A retrospective, quantitative and descriptive study was conducted with 200 files of patients aged between 18 and 35 years conveniently sampled. These patients diagnosed as committed parasuicide and were admitted at Frere and Cecilia Makiwane hospitals over a period of four years from 1 April 2016 to 31 March 202. Only record files of patients’ residing in East London and Mdantsane catchment area were selected. Raw data was collected for a period of twelve weeks using a developed data collection tool developed in Ms Excel spreadsheet. Results In this sample, the large number of the patients were under 26 years (60.5%), female (57%), single (92.5%), and Black (99.5%). Furthermore, majority of the patients had attained secondary education (89.5%), were unemployed (83%) and living with their families (59%). There were different methods and agents used by participants to commit parasuicide and reasons differed from person to person. Among patients who reported a suicide attempt, organophosphates were most commonly used agent for self-poisoning (47%, n=94), followed by substances such as use of drugs and alcohol (n=57, 28.5%), violence (n=27, 13.5%), corrosive agents including bleach and Jik (n=11, 5.5%), and hydrogen peroxide including acidic sub-stances like battery acid (n=11, 5.5%). The common reason found in the study and indicates participants had psychiatric disorder (34.5%). Conclusion Limiting access to organophosphate agents and other lethal means is an effective strategy that should be adopted to prevent parasuicide among youth. Timely identification of risks or warning signs, social prevention and immediate intervention at the state level will play an important role in controlling parasuicide among youth. Moreover, improving health care services with psychotherapy support would empower youth with skills that would enhance their self-confidence, self-worth and resilience. Consequently, attainment of these attributes would result in the prevention and control of parasuicide amongst youth. , Thesis (MPH) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-11
Sediment characteristics and hydrodynamic conditions of the Swartkops estuary, Eastern Cape Province of South Africa
- Best, Lutho https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6400-9061
- Authors: Best, Lutho https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6400-9061
- Date: 2021-11
- Subjects: Geology, Stratigraphic , Estuarine oceanography , Swartkops River Estuary (South Africa)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22611 , vital:52596
- Description: This study is a part of an environmental research project aimed at providing assessment information to the grain-size distribution, mineral compositions, sedimentary structures and coastal erosion and rehabilitation methods along the Swartkops estuary, a recent developing industry area of South Africa. The methodologies used in this study comprise desk study of literature, field geological investigation and sampling, and laboratory analyses including grainsize analysis, thin section microscope study, XRD mineral composition study and SEM-EDX grain surface texture and composition analyses.The basement and surrounding areas of the Swartkops estuary consist of three formations: the Enon Formation of mainly conglomerate, the Kirkwood Formation of sandstone and mudstone, and the Sundays River Formation of dominantly mudstone with sandstone, which integrated as Uitenhage Group of Cretaceous sequence with modern estuarine sand and alluvial sediments filled in the entire basin. Grain size analysis is a useful tool to assess hydrodynamic environments. The grain size parameters showed that most of the Swartkops estuary sediments are moderately sorted with very few well and poorly sorted, coarse to fine skewed in grain size distribution.Whereas the Bluewater Bay beach sediments are mostly fine grained, well sorted, fine to coarse skewed in grain size distribution. The bivariate scatter plots are an indication of shallow marine environment by beach and coastal processes with the influence of water flow and wind influence during transportation and deposition processes. Mineralogy studies revealed that the Swartkops estuary sediments are dominantly composed of minerals such as: quartz, calcite, feldspar (orthoclase and plagioclase), aragonite, clay minerals (smectite and illite), and salts such as NaCl and MgCl2. Skeletal carbonate minerals (shell fragments) are more than chemical precipitated carbonate minerals. Quartz is the most abundant detrital mineral observed in all the sediments and it comes from inland and transported into the estuary and the beach by fluvial streams, whereas skeletal calcite/aragonite is the most abundant biogenic carbonate derived from sea side and transported by marine currents. The study shows that grain surface textures reveal the existence of several features that reflect the depositional environments. Observed grain surface textures by microscope and SEM include V-shape pits, upturned pits caused by mechanical crashing and corrosion during transportation; crystalline precipitation of calcite, quartz, salt and clay by chemical precipitation and crystallization; dissolution pits and pores formed by dissolution, and burrow and boring by biogenetic activities. The grain surface morphologies are closely linked to different formation mechanisms and depositional environments. Well-developed sedimentary structures have been found in the beach and estuary, including sand dune, sand ridge, straight and sinuous ripple, ripple marks, aeolian nail marks, high angle tabular cross bedding, antidune, rill mark, rhomboid mark, swash line, mud crack, gravel pavement, interfering ripples, flat topped ripple mark, linguiod mark, asymmetric sinuous ripples, dendritic pattern on sandy beach, boring and bioturbation, burrows desiccation cracks and water escape hole. Different sedimentary structures are reflective of different hydrodynamic conditions and depositional environments. Coastal erosion is a major problem for damage of road, bridge and properties in the industrial areas in Swartkops, which is also a task for this study. The author had suggested some practical mitigation-methods to local government, such as groins, revetments, shoreline hardening, planting of vegetation, and vertical walls, bulkheads, sills, which could be useful for the protection of coastal erosion. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-11
- Authors: Best, Lutho https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6400-9061
- Date: 2021-11
- Subjects: Geology, Stratigraphic , Estuarine oceanography , Swartkops River Estuary (South Africa)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22611 , vital:52596
- Description: This study is a part of an environmental research project aimed at providing assessment information to the grain-size distribution, mineral compositions, sedimentary structures and coastal erosion and rehabilitation methods along the Swartkops estuary, a recent developing industry area of South Africa. The methodologies used in this study comprise desk study of literature, field geological investigation and sampling, and laboratory analyses including grainsize analysis, thin section microscope study, XRD mineral composition study and SEM-EDX grain surface texture and composition analyses.The basement and surrounding areas of the Swartkops estuary consist of three formations: the Enon Formation of mainly conglomerate, the Kirkwood Formation of sandstone and mudstone, and the Sundays River Formation of dominantly mudstone with sandstone, which integrated as Uitenhage Group of Cretaceous sequence with modern estuarine sand and alluvial sediments filled in the entire basin. Grain size analysis is a useful tool to assess hydrodynamic environments. The grain size parameters showed that most of the Swartkops estuary sediments are moderately sorted with very few well and poorly sorted, coarse to fine skewed in grain size distribution.Whereas the Bluewater Bay beach sediments are mostly fine grained, well sorted, fine to coarse skewed in grain size distribution. The bivariate scatter plots are an indication of shallow marine environment by beach and coastal processes with the influence of water flow and wind influence during transportation and deposition processes. Mineralogy studies revealed that the Swartkops estuary sediments are dominantly composed of minerals such as: quartz, calcite, feldspar (orthoclase and plagioclase), aragonite, clay minerals (smectite and illite), and salts such as NaCl and MgCl2. Skeletal carbonate minerals (shell fragments) are more than chemical precipitated carbonate minerals. Quartz is the most abundant detrital mineral observed in all the sediments and it comes from inland and transported into the estuary and the beach by fluvial streams, whereas skeletal calcite/aragonite is the most abundant biogenic carbonate derived from sea side and transported by marine currents. The study shows that grain surface textures reveal the existence of several features that reflect the depositional environments. Observed grain surface textures by microscope and SEM include V-shape pits, upturned pits caused by mechanical crashing and corrosion during transportation; crystalline precipitation of calcite, quartz, salt and clay by chemical precipitation and crystallization; dissolution pits and pores formed by dissolution, and burrow and boring by biogenetic activities. The grain surface morphologies are closely linked to different formation mechanisms and depositional environments. Well-developed sedimentary structures have been found in the beach and estuary, including sand dune, sand ridge, straight and sinuous ripple, ripple marks, aeolian nail marks, high angle tabular cross bedding, antidune, rill mark, rhomboid mark, swash line, mud crack, gravel pavement, interfering ripples, flat topped ripple mark, linguiod mark, asymmetric sinuous ripples, dendritic pattern on sandy beach, boring and bioturbation, burrows desiccation cracks and water escape hole. Different sedimentary structures are reflective of different hydrodynamic conditions and depositional environments. Coastal erosion is a major problem for damage of road, bridge and properties in the industrial areas in Swartkops, which is also a task for this study. The author had suggested some practical mitigation-methods to local government, such as groins, revetments, shoreline hardening, planting of vegetation, and vertical walls, bulkheads, sills, which could be useful for the protection of coastal erosion. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-11
Study on the effect of shade net on internal and external quality parameters and chilling injury of fruits of citrus species in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa
- Moabelo, Phillipine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9040-1390
- Authors: Moabelo, Phillipine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9040-1390
- Date: 2021-11
- Subjects: Fruit-culture , Horticulture , Citrus fruits
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22622 , vital:52600
- Description: Pre-harvest technology of shade net is environmental friendly and was found previously to improve fruit growth and yield. In addition, it reduces wind blemishes and sunburn, and effectively act as a buffer against climate fluctuations, such as excessive light, wind and hail damages. However, commercial shade nets are capital intensive; therefore, it is important for farmers to understand its impact on fruit quality that is desired for export market and assess whether the investment is profitable to the industry or not. It was brought to attention that several citrus cultivars grown in Addo, Eastern Cape under 20percent commercial shade net shows sensitivity to chilling injury (CI); however. no information is yet documented about the impact of this technology on fruit quality. To determine the efficacy of 20percent-shade net technology in relation to the control (no shade net), the present study was designed with the objective to compare internal and external quality parameters of ‘Washington and Cambria’ navels, ‘Valley Gold’ mandarin, and ‘Eureka’ lemon fruit grown in shade netted orchards and stored at low temperatures (4 and -0.6°C) for 30 days in Addo area, Eastern Cape. Internal quality attributes assessed includes juice content, °Brixpercent, titratable acid (TA), °Brix:acid ratio and average number of seeds. External quality data assessed include rind colour, and fruit size, firmness/texture and fresh weight loss. For chilling injury, fruits were evaluated by examining the degree of rind pitting and assigning levels of severity namely 0, 1, 2 or 3 where 0 = no pitting detected, 1 = 1 pit, 2 = 2 or more pitting detected and 3 = severe pitting detected. The post-harvest experiments were done on fruits harvested from commercial citrus orchards in Sundays River Valley, between Kirkwood and Addo (33° 34' 0" South, 25° 41' 0" East), in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, over two harvesting seasons (2018 and 2019). The ‘Eureka’ lemon and ‘Washington navel’ fruit were collected from Allendale farm; the ‘Cambria’ navel fruits from the Nuwelande and Olifantsbos farms; and the ‘Valley Gold’ mandarin fruits from the Dunbrody/Unifruitti farm. The quality attributes were recorded in the Laboratory of the Citrus Research International (CRI), Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape, South Africa during Season 1, and in the Horticulture lab of the University of Fort Hare (UFH), Alice, Eastern Cape, South, Africa during Season 2. The experimental layout was a typical pseudo randomised completely block design (RCBD) (not truly randomised) whereby treatments tested were subjected over time (pre-test, post-test). The two treatments i.e. shade vs. control (no shade net) could not be randomly allocated to orchards due to the practical issue of working on a commercial farm, . The sub-factor consisted of three postharvest treatments: Ambiemt temperature (at 0 days storage), 4°C and -0.6°C storages for 30 days. Secondly, an experiment to evaluate the impact of petroleum-based wax mixed with 2-(4-thiazolyl) benzimidazole [thiabendazole (TBZ)] (TBZ: 500 mg.L-1) on shade net vs control fruits was conducted. The fruits were stored at 4°C and - 0.6°C (coated) for 30 days and were evaluated after 7 days storage at room temperature. Shade net did not significantly affect the internal quality attributes of citrus fruits. The 20percent- shade net promoted size of ‘Washington’, ‘Cambria’ navels and ‘Valley Gold’ mandarin, whilst rind colour was not affect. Firmness loss was higher on ‘Eureka’ lemon and ‘Washington’ navel, regardless of the growing conditions and cold storage duration. Rind firmness of ‘Cambria’ navel and ‘Valley Gold’ mandarin were not significantly affected by shade net and storage duration. ‘Eureka’ lemon was found to be more sensitive to CI. However, the application of wax+ TBZ eliminated CI on all 4-cultivars. Therefore, it is recommended to apply wax+ TBZ in packline to eliminate CI and fungal development. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-11
- Authors: Moabelo, Phillipine https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9040-1390
- Date: 2021-11
- Subjects: Fruit-culture , Horticulture , Citrus fruits
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22622 , vital:52600
- Description: Pre-harvest technology of shade net is environmental friendly and was found previously to improve fruit growth and yield. In addition, it reduces wind blemishes and sunburn, and effectively act as a buffer against climate fluctuations, such as excessive light, wind and hail damages. However, commercial shade nets are capital intensive; therefore, it is important for farmers to understand its impact on fruit quality that is desired for export market and assess whether the investment is profitable to the industry or not. It was brought to attention that several citrus cultivars grown in Addo, Eastern Cape under 20percent commercial shade net shows sensitivity to chilling injury (CI); however. no information is yet documented about the impact of this technology on fruit quality. To determine the efficacy of 20percent-shade net technology in relation to the control (no shade net), the present study was designed with the objective to compare internal and external quality parameters of ‘Washington and Cambria’ navels, ‘Valley Gold’ mandarin, and ‘Eureka’ lemon fruit grown in shade netted orchards and stored at low temperatures (4 and -0.6°C) for 30 days in Addo area, Eastern Cape. Internal quality attributes assessed includes juice content, °Brixpercent, titratable acid (TA), °Brix:acid ratio and average number of seeds. External quality data assessed include rind colour, and fruit size, firmness/texture and fresh weight loss. For chilling injury, fruits were evaluated by examining the degree of rind pitting and assigning levels of severity namely 0, 1, 2 or 3 where 0 = no pitting detected, 1 = 1 pit, 2 = 2 or more pitting detected and 3 = severe pitting detected. The post-harvest experiments were done on fruits harvested from commercial citrus orchards in Sundays River Valley, between Kirkwood and Addo (33° 34' 0" South, 25° 41' 0" East), in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, over two harvesting seasons (2018 and 2019). The ‘Eureka’ lemon and ‘Washington navel’ fruit were collected from Allendale farm; the ‘Cambria’ navel fruits from the Nuwelande and Olifantsbos farms; and the ‘Valley Gold’ mandarin fruits from the Dunbrody/Unifruitti farm. The quality attributes were recorded in the Laboratory of the Citrus Research International (CRI), Port Elizabeth, Eastern Cape, South Africa during Season 1, and in the Horticulture lab of the University of Fort Hare (UFH), Alice, Eastern Cape, South, Africa during Season 2. The experimental layout was a typical pseudo randomised completely block design (RCBD) (not truly randomised) whereby treatments tested were subjected over time (pre-test, post-test). The two treatments i.e. shade vs. control (no shade net) could not be randomly allocated to orchards due to the practical issue of working on a commercial farm, . The sub-factor consisted of three postharvest treatments: Ambiemt temperature (at 0 days storage), 4°C and -0.6°C storages for 30 days. Secondly, an experiment to evaluate the impact of petroleum-based wax mixed with 2-(4-thiazolyl) benzimidazole [thiabendazole (TBZ)] (TBZ: 500 mg.L-1) on shade net vs control fruits was conducted. The fruits were stored at 4°C and - 0.6°C (coated) for 30 days and were evaluated after 7 days storage at room temperature. Shade net did not significantly affect the internal quality attributes of citrus fruits. The 20percent- shade net promoted size of ‘Washington’, ‘Cambria’ navels and ‘Valley Gold’ mandarin, whilst rind colour was not affect. Firmness loss was higher on ‘Eureka’ lemon and ‘Washington’ navel, regardless of the growing conditions and cold storage duration. Rind firmness of ‘Cambria’ navel and ‘Valley Gold’ mandarin were not significantly affected by shade net and storage duration. ‘Eureka’ lemon was found to be more sensitive to CI. However, the application of wax+ TBZ eliminated CI on all 4-cultivars. Therefore, it is recommended to apply wax+ TBZ in packline to eliminate CI and fungal development. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-11
The design of a training centre for female Artisans in Motherwell, Gqeberha
- Authors: Kelsley, Chanel
- Date: 2021-11
- Subjects: Continuing education centers -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth -- Designs and plans , Artisans -- Training of -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58694 , vital:60003
- Description: The treatise deals with the design of an Artisans’ Training Centre for the women in thetownship of Motherwell, Port Elizabeth. The aim of the building is to provide a safe civic space for teaching the women of Motherwell the necessary artisan skills. By teaching the women these skills, pov - erty amongst women in current township conditions can be improved by providing them with a sustainable income. Furthermore, the aim is to promote a sense of unity amongst these women as they enter a male-dominated field. South Africa’s skills shortages are widely regarded as key factors preventing the achievement of targeted economic growth rates. The decline and massive shortage in artisan trades has been attributed to the sharp decline of the apprenticeship system and the failure of substitute inter - ventions. By getting more women involved in the artisans’ field it will assist in gender equality and the current skills shortages. The treatise explores the issues and methods involved in the design of an Artisans Training Cen - tre for women. The research starts with an investigation into the nature of public space and civic facilities within a South African township context and how to create a more suitable environment for women, before exploring the development of an educational typology, while exploring the is - sues and processes involved in the design of a civic building in a township environment. The archi - tectural design is seen as an appropriate response to the identified architectural issues. Relevant precedents are chosen based on the nature of these issues and the context in which they are situated. The buildings are analysed in terms of these key issues and will thereby provide an understanding of the architectural identity of the civic and educational building archetype. An understanding of the architectural typology and an analysis of relevant precedents lead to the identification of a set of site selection criteria which can be used to select an appropriate site within the Motherwell precinct. The nature of Motherwell and the identified issues related to the selected site are then investigated in order to develop a set of informants and constraints. Specific elements which are unique to the selected site are then investigated individually while using relevant precedents to establish an appropriate response to the issues involved. An appropriate architectural response is subsequently developed through an understanding of the physical and spatial qualities of the building typology while also responding to the specific issues related to the site. , Thesis (MArch) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment and Technology, School of Architecture, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-11
- Authors: Kelsley, Chanel
- Date: 2021-11
- Subjects: Continuing education centers -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth -- Designs and plans , Artisans -- Training of -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58694 , vital:60003
- Description: The treatise deals with the design of an Artisans’ Training Centre for the women in thetownship of Motherwell, Port Elizabeth. The aim of the building is to provide a safe civic space for teaching the women of Motherwell the necessary artisan skills. By teaching the women these skills, pov - erty amongst women in current township conditions can be improved by providing them with a sustainable income. Furthermore, the aim is to promote a sense of unity amongst these women as they enter a male-dominated field. South Africa’s skills shortages are widely regarded as key factors preventing the achievement of targeted economic growth rates. The decline and massive shortage in artisan trades has been attributed to the sharp decline of the apprenticeship system and the failure of substitute inter - ventions. By getting more women involved in the artisans’ field it will assist in gender equality and the current skills shortages. The treatise explores the issues and methods involved in the design of an Artisans Training Cen - tre for women. The research starts with an investigation into the nature of public space and civic facilities within a South African township context and how to create a more suitable environment for women, before exploring the development of an educational typology, while exploring the is - sues and processes involved in the design of a civic building in a township environment. The archi - tectural design is seen as an appropriate response to the identified architectural issues. Relevant precedents are chosen based on the nature of these issues and the context in which they are situated. The buildings are analysed in terms of these key issues and will thereby provide an understanding of the architectural identity of the civic and educational building archetype. An understanding of the architectural typology and an analysis of relevant precedents lead to the identification of a set of site selection criteria which can be used to select an appropriate site within the Motherwell precinct. The nature of Motherwell and the identified issues related to the selected site are then investigated in order to develop a set of informants and constraints. Specific elements which are unique to the selected site are then investigated individually while using relevant precedents to establish an appropriate response to the issues involved. An appropriate architectural response is subsequently developed through an understanding of the physical and spatial qualities of the building typology while also responding to the specific issues related to the site. , Thesis (MArch) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment and Technology, School of Architecture, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-11
The experiences of youth foster care leavers in Makanda town, Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Maselana, Tembisa https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-6959-0895
- Authors: Maselana, Tembisa https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-6959-0895
- Date: 2021-11
- Subjects: Foster children -- Services for , Foster home care
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22368 , vital:52031
- Description: This study sought to explore the experiences of foster care youth who had exited the system within a period of three years in Makhanda Town, Eastern Cape. The coping mechanisms employed by foster care youth after exiting the system, and the policies, legislations and support services available were explored. The study adopted a qualitative research method. Non-probability sampling was employed to recruit 23 foster care youth who had exited the system within three years in Makhanda Town. In addition, 6 professionals dealing with statutory cases, three (3) foster parents and one (1) key informant were selected. Data was collected through the use of face-to-face semistructured individual interviews with foster care youth who had exited the system. The focus group discussion was held with professionals dealing with statutory cases and the ward councillor. The researcher analysed the data thematically. The study findings revealed that long term and comprehensive planning was important so as to provide a consistent and all round support to the fostered youth during the pre and post foster care phases. It was established that for most foster care children, the lack of a complete plan affects their transition from their biological home through the foster care system. Consequently, they come out more vulnerable than when there were initially placed in foster care. The study highlighted the serious need for training and job placement for the youths, a structure that is currently non-existent. The study recommended that the Department of Social Development (DSD) should make it compulsory for statutory social workers within the foster care domain to come up with individualized and personalized plans that outline the needs and deliverables for each child placed in the foster care system. Importantly, DSD must create a framework that is endorsed and accepted by all stakeholders so as to achieve the best interest of the child in all situations. Furthermore, the study recommends that DSD should employ more social workers to address the current human resources shortages in foster care units. Lastly, the study recommends restructuring of placement system to be less paper-work for effective and efficient, integrity, and quality of the service provision. , Thesis (MSW) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-11
- Authors: Maselana, Tembisa https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-6959-0895
- Date: 2021-11
- Subjects: Foster children -- Services for , Foster home care
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22368 , vital:52031
- Description: This study sought to explore the experiences of foster care youth who had exited the system within a period of three years in Makhanda Town, Eastern Cape. The coping mechanisms employed by foster care youth after exiting the system, and the policies, legislations and support services available were explored. The study adopted a qualitative research method. Non-probability sampling was employed to recruit 23 foster care youth who had exited the system within three years in Makhanda Town. In addition, 6 professionals dealing with statutory cases, three (3) foster parents and one (1) key informant were selected. Data was collected through the use of face-to-face semistructured individual interviews with foster care youth who had exited the system. The focus group discussion was held with professionals dealing with statutory cases and the ward councillor. The researcher analysed the data thematically. The study findings revealed that long term and comprehensive planning was important so as to provide a consistent and all round support to the fostered youth during the pre and post foster care phases. It was established that for most foster care children, the lack of a complete plan affects their transition from their biological home through the foster care system. Consequently, they come out more vulnerable than when there were initially placed in foster care. The study highlighted the serious need for training and job placement for the youths, a structure that is currently non-existent. The study recommended that the Department of Social Development (DSD) should make it compulsory for statutory social workers within the foster care domain to come up with individualized and personalized plans that outline the needs and deliverables for each child placed in the foster care system. Importantly, DSD must create a framework that is endorsed and accepted by all stakeholders so as to achieve the best interest of the child in all situations. Furthermore, the study recommends that DSD should employ more social workers to address the current human resources shortages in foster care units. Lastly, the study recommends restructuring of placement system to be less paper-work for effective and efficient, integrity, and quality of the service provision. , Thesis (MSW) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-11
Aloe
- Authors: Sauls, Aloysius Albeus
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Creative writing (Higher education) South Africa , Nama language , Nama poetry 21st century , Lyric poetry 21st century , Diaries Authorship , Lyric poetry History and criticism , Fiction History and criticism
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/190673 , vital:45017
- Description: My thesis, ‘Aloe’, isse poetry collection, wat focus op modern Khoekhoegowab. Die opgittiekkinne wēke van my Ancestry se mēnse van mēnse, |xam-poets: Diä!kwain, Kweiten-ta-ǁken, |a!kúnta, |Hanǂkass’o, en oek ǁKabbo, deērie Dytse filoloog, Wilhelm Bleek, dien asse guide, moerrie vēse gisoak in combinations van Ancient Indigenous, en modern Goema-klangke. Die purpose vannie collection is ommie use van Khoekhoegowab innie Afrikaans literature asse integral component te view, ennie iets foreign nie, diessèlle way wat Arabic, Indonesian, Malay en Dutch languages, die culture ennie language gishape en givorrim-it. Deēl vannie skryf-style wat ek employ in my thesis isse fusion vannie lyric poetry van Linton Kwesi Johnson, Gill Scott Heron ennie praāt-poems van Peter Snyders, oa. Music, assie primal connection toerrie past, speēlle central rōl in my wēk asse 21st-century Indigenous writer. Die thesis reference die works van veteran cultural en linguistic aātisse en lyrical poets; in echoes van marginalised en displaced creatives soes Tinariwen, wattie stōrie vannie Tuareg vocalise in woōdt en klang, ennie Chamorro poet, Craig Santos Perez van Guam, innie Western Pacific Ocean, wierrie indigenizing mandate se vlag lat wappe, bínne innie gisig vannie American presence daā. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Languages and Literatures, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
- Authors: Sauls, Aloysius Albeus
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Creative writing (Higher education) South Africa , Nama language , Nama poetry 21st century , Lyric poetry 21st century , Diaries Authorship , Lyric poetry History and criticism , Fiction History and criticism
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/190673 , vital:45017
- Description: My thesis, ‘Aloe’, isse poetry collection, wat focus op modern Khoekhoegowab. Die opgittiekkinne wēke van my Ancestry se mēnse van mēnse, |xam-poets: Diä!kwain, Kweiten-ta-ǁken, |a!kúnta, |Hanǂkass’o, en oek ǁKabbo, deērie Dytse filoloog, Wilhelm Bleek, dien asse guide, moerrie vēse gisoak in combinations van Ancient Indigenous, en modern Goema-klangke. Die purpose vannie collection is ommie use van Khoekhoegowab innie Afrikaans literature asse integral component te view, ennie iets foreign nie, diessèlle way wat Arabic, Indonesian, Malay en Dutch languages, die culture ennie language gishape en givorrim-it. Deēl vannie skryf-style wat ek employ in my thesis isse fusion vannie lyric poetry van Linton Kwesi Johnson, Gill Scott Heron ennie praāt-poems van Peter Snyders, oa. Music, assie primal connection toerrie past, speēlle central rōl in my wēk asse 21st-century Indigenous writer. Die thesis reference die works van veteran cultural en linguistic aātisse en lyrical poets; in echoes van marginalised en displaced creatives soes Tinariwen, wattie stōrie vannie Tuareg vocalise in woōdt en klang, ennie Chamorro poet, Craig Santos Perez van Guam, innie Western Pacific Ocean, wierrie indigenizing mandate se vlag lat wappe, bínne innie gisig vannie American presence daā. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Languages and Literatures, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29