The distribution of the Pied Starling, and southern African biogeography
- Authors: Craig, Adrian J F K
- Date: 1985
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/447882 , vital:74681 , https://doi.org/10.1080/00306525.1985.9639580
- Description: The Pied Starling is restricted to South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland, but within this region it occupies a variety of habitats. Its modern distribution is certainly influenced by its association with man. However, a comparison with other vertebrate species, and with patterns of plant distribution, suggests that its geographical distribution has been determined primarily by its evolutionary history. A hypothesis for the origin of this species leads to several predictions concerning biogeography in southern Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1985
- Authors: Craig, Adrian J F K
- Date: 1985
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/447882 , vital:74681 , https://doi.org/10.1080/00306525.1985.9639580
- Description: The Pied Starling is restricted to South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland, but within this region it occupies a variety of habitats. Its modern distribution is certainly influenced by its association with man. However, a comparison with other vertebrate species, and with patterns of plant distribution, suggests that its geographical distribution has been determined primarily by its evolutionary history. A hypothesis for the origin of this species leads to several predictions concerning biogeography in southern Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1985
Speciation, adaptation and interspecific competition
- Walter, Grenville H, Hulley, Patrick E, Craig, Adrian J F K
- Authors: Walter, Grenville H , Hulley, Patrick E , Craig, Adrian J F K
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/465486 , vital:76613 , https://doi.org/10.2307/3544775
- Description: The species concept and current ideas on speciation are relevant to the debate on the significance of competition theory in community ecology. The speciation event and the subsequent post-speciation history of a species must be distinguished when applying competition theory. For post-speciation events we draw the important distinction between local and species-wide adaptations attributed to the action of competition. These ideas have the following consequences for community ecology. (1) Competition may have a limited evolutionary role at speciation. It is one of the possible factors that influence adaptation in the small isolated populations that are the major, or only, source of new species. This would occur where competition is sustained because of a consistent limiting resource such as space for sessile animals. (2) Once a new species comes under stabilising selection and expands, competition can produce only local and relatively minor adaptations. The acquisition of species-wide characteristics because of competition requires an improbable set of conditions. (3) The concept of an "organised" community, particularly if it carries evolutionary connotations, is unrealistic.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
- Authors: Walter, Grenville H , Hulley, Patrick E , Craig, Adrian J F K
- Date: 1984
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/465486 , vital:76613 , https://doi.org/10.2307/3544775
- Description: The species concept and current ideas on speciation are relevant to the debate on the significance of competition theory in community ecology. The speciation event and the subsequent post-speciation history of a species must be distinguished when applying competition theory. For post-speciation events we draw the important distinction between local and species-wide adaptations attributed to the action of competition. These ideas have the following consequences for community ecology. (1) Competition may have a limited evolutionary role at speciation. It is one of the possible factors that influence adaptation in the small isolated populations that are the major, or only, source of new species. This would occur where competition is sustained because of a consistent limiting resource such as space for sessile animals. (2) Once a new species comes under stabilising selection and expands, competition can produce only local and relatively minor adaptations. The acquisition of species-wide characteristics because of competition requires an improbable set of conditions. (3) The concept of an "organised" community, particularly if it carries evolutionary connotations, is unrealistic.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1984
A Pied Starling study
- Authors: Craig, Adrian J F K
- Date: 1983
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/465256 , vital:76587
- Description: After some years of ringing bishop birds Euplectes sp. and other weavers at reed beds in the western Cape and Natal, a move to Grahamstown seemed a good time to change birds. So I decided look at the Pied Starling Spreo bicolor, one of those conmon birds about which we know almost nothing.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1983
- Authors: Craig, Adrian J F K
- Date: 1983
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/465256 , vital:76587
- Description: After some years of ringing bishop birds Euplectes sp. and other weavers at reed beds in the western Cape and Natal, a move to Grahamstown seemed a good time to change birds. So I decided look at the Pied Starling Spreo bicolor, one of those conmon birds about which we know almost nothing.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1983
Moult in southern African passerine birds: a review
- Authors: Craig, Adrian J F K
- Date: 1983
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/447813 , vital:74676 , https://doi.org/10.1080/00306525.1983.9634475
- Description: In the most recent checklist 398 passerine species are recorded for southern Africa. This paper lists information on the moult of 114 species, of which 27 are Palaearctic migrants, or birds for which there are data from European populations only. For 65 additional species data of uncertain relevance to southern African populations are included in appendices. There is much interspecific variation in both pattern and timing, even between members of the same family and genus. Aspects requiring special attention in future studies are discussed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1983
- Authors: Craig, Adrian J F K
- Date: 1983
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/447813 , vital:74676 , https://doi.org/10.1080/00306525.1983.9634475
- Description: In the most recent checklist 398 passerine species are recorded for southern Africa. This paper lists information on the moult of 114 species, of which 27 are Palaearctic migrants, or birds for which there are data from European populations only. For 65 additional species data of uncertain relevance to southern African populations are included in appendices. There is much interspecific variation in both pattern and timing, even between members of the same family and genus. Aspects requiring special attention in future studies are discussed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1983
The timing of breeding and wing‐moult of four African Sturnidae
- Authors: Craig, Adrian J F K
- Date: 1983
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/465549 , vital:76619 , https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919X.1983.tb03120.x
- Description: Wing‐moult of the Cape Glossy Starling, Red‐winged Starling, Pale‐winged Starling and Pied Starling was examined primarily from speci-mens in southern African museums. Breeding data were obtained from nest record cards. The Cape Glossy Starling breeds from October to March, with the moult period from December to May. There is no evi-dence of moult‐breeding overlap in individual birds. The Red‐winged Starling breeds from September to March, while the moult takes place between November and April, overlapping with the second broods. The Pale‐winged Starling breeds from October to April and moults between November and May. The Pied Starling moults between November and April, while breeding varies regionally, occurring concurrently with moulting in some areas.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1983
- Authors: Craig, Adrian J F K
- Date: 1983
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/465549 , vital:76619 , https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919X.1983.tb03120.x
- Description: Wing‐moult of the Cape Glossy Starling, Red‐winged Starling, Pale‐winged Starling and Pied Starling was examined primarily from speci-mens in southern African museums. Breeding data were obtained from nest record cards. The Cape Glossy Starling breeds from October to March, with the moult period from December to May. There is no evi-dence of moult‐breeding overlap in individual birds. The Red‐winged Starling breeds from September to March, while the moult takes place between November and April, overlapping with the second broods. The Pale‐winged Starling breeds from October to April and moults between November and May. The Pied Starling moults between November and April, while breeding varies regionally, occurring concurrently with moulting in some areas.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1983