Protecting Children’s Rights to Development and Culture by Re-Imagining “Ocean Literacies”
- Strand, Mia, Shields, Sophie, Morgera, Elisa, McGarry, Dylan K, Lancaster, Alana Malinde S N, Brown, Lindy, Snow, Bernadette
- Authors: Strand, Mia , Shields, Sophie , Morgera, Elisa , McGarry, Dylan K , Lancaster, Alana Malinde S N , Brown, Lindy , Snow, Bernadette
- Date: 2023
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/479083 , vital:78259 , https://brill.com/view/journals/chil/31/4/article-p941_008.xml
- Description: This paper explores the relevance of existing international legal standards on children’s human rights to a healthy ocean. In particular, we reflect on the still underestimated importance of a healthy ocean for children’s human right to development and cultural rights. Focusing on environmental education, we argue that the concept of ocean literacy should rather be conceptualised as a plurality of “ocean literacies”, better to account for multiple ocean knowledges. Ocean literacies in environmental education should be re-imagined to emphasise a systems approach to the ocean, integrating aspects of environmental justice and avoiding the psychological pressure on children to be responsible for the future of the environment. The paper concludes by providing specific recommendations for contextualising and re-imagining ocean literacies in a time where there is an increased global focus on ocean literacy through the UN Ocean Decade.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023
- Authors: Strand, Mia , Shields, Sophie , Morgera, Elisa , McGarry, Dylan K , Lancaster, Alana Malinde S N , Brown, Lindy , Snow, Bernadette
- Date: 2023
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/479083 , vital:78259 , https://brill.com/view/journals/chil/31/4/article-p941_008.xml
- Description: This paper explores the relevance of existing international legal standards on children’s human rights to a healthy ocean. In particular, we reflect on the still underestimated importance of a healthy ocean for children’s human right to development and cultural rights. Focusing on environmental education, we argue that the concept of ocean literacy should rather be conceptualised as a plurality of “ocean literacies”, better to account for multiple ocean knowledges. Ocean literacies in environmental education should be re-imagined to emphasise a systems approach to the ocean, integrating aspects of environmental justice and avoiding the psychological pressure on children to be responsible for the future of the environment. The paper concludes by providing specific recommendations for contextualising and re-imagining ocean literacies in a time where there is an increased global focus on ocean literacy through the UN Ocean Decade.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023
Linking people’s needs, preferences and values to ecosystem services provided by marine phytoplankton of Algoa Bay, South Africa
- Authors: Snow, Bernadette
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Marine phytoplankton -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Marine biology -- Research Biodiversity conservation -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/33363 , vital:32669
- Description: Marine, coastal and ocean development has gained impetus around the globe and in particular along Africa’s coastal states. A socio-ecological systems framework approach was adopted to explore marine and coastal socio-ecological systems in Algoa Bay, situated in the Eastern Cape, South Africa a Bay with a rich history steeped in culture and diversity. Phytoplankton biodiversity was determined for the Bay to characterise aspects of the marine environment in Algoa Bay. The policy landscape for South Africa was also analysed to characterise the governance landscape and identify if the policies, legislation and frameworks adopted and applied would support socio-ecological systems thinking and support equitable development of marine and coastal resources. Positives raised by manager are the general positive attitude and pro-environmental value system. To understand how people within the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality value the marine and coastal environment, their knowledge of phytoplankton and services provided, governance knowledge, attitudes towards the future of the socio-environment landscape and value positions that would identify pro-environmental behaviour of the communities surveyed. Loss of marine and coastal environments and services would be a direct threat to spiritual and cultural practices and beliefs of the amaXhosa. Further access was a driving theme in this study and therefore development and conservation efforts need to heed the value and importance of having access to the marine and coastal environment, not only for sustaining livelihoods but for religious and leisure experiences. Size fractionated biomass was determined to describe the contribution of different cell size assemblages to the overall productivity of Algoa Bay. The analysis showed a general dominance of microplankton cell sizes with the picoplankton not contributing much towards the overall biomass of the period analysed. Cell size of the phytoplankton species provides an indication of the environmental changes, together with contribution towards biomass. Species that bloom also change the productivity of the system, for example a diatom bloom will increase productivity more so than a dinoflagellate bloom. Cell size will influence response of phytoplankton to environmental changes and how phytoplankton adapts physiologically to stressors such as climate change. However in the context of studies linking biodiversity to a socio-ecological framework, size fractionated data is not required and overall productivity and diversity of the system is better suited for this type of study. The direct link between the ecological and social data is the application of the information for management of the ecosystem and as an early warning system. The information learnt from the managers and community also highlights the need for a shared approach to gathering knowledge and learning about the world around us.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Snow, Bernadette
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Marine phytoplankton -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Marine biology -- Research Biodiversity conservation -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/33363 , vital:32669
- Description: Marine, coastal and ocean development has gained impetus around the globe and in particular along Africa’s coastal states. A socio-ecological systems framework approach was adopted to explore marine and coastal socio-ecological systems in Algoa Bay, situated in the Eastern Cape, South Africa a Bay with a rich history steeped in culture and diversity. Phytoplankton biodiversity was determined for the Bay to characterise aspects of the marine environment in Algoa Bay. The policy landscape for South Africa was also analysed to characterise the governance landscape and identify if the policies, legislation and frameworks adopted and applied would support socio-ecological systems thinking and support equitable development of marine and coastal resources. Positives raised by manager are the general positive attitude and pro-environmental value system. To understand how people within the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality value the marine and coastal environment, their knowledge of phytoplankton and services provided, governance knowledge, attitudes towards the future of the socio-environment landscape and value positions that would identify pro-environmental behaviour of the communities surveyed. Loss of marine and coastal environments and services would be a direct threat to spiritual and cultural practices and beliefs of the amaXhosa. Further access was a driving theme in this study and therefore development and conservation efforts need to heed the value and importance of having access to the marine and coastal environment, not only for sustaining livelihoods but for religious and leisure experiences. Size fractionated biomass was determined to describe the contribution of different cell size assemblages to the overall productivity of Algoa Bay. The analysis showed a general dominance of microplankton cell sizes with the picoplankton not contributing much towards the overall biomass of the period analysed. Cell size of the phytoplankton species provides an indication of the environmental changes, together with contribution towards biomass. Species that bloom also change the productivity of the system, for example a diatom bloom will increase productivity more so than a dinoflagellate bloom. Cell size will influence response of phytoplankton to environmental changes and how phytoplankton adapts physiologically to stressors such as climate change. However in the context of studies linking biodiversity to a socio-ecological framework, size fractionated data is not required and overall productivity and diversity of the system is better suited for this type of study. The direct link between the ecological and social data is the application of the information for management of the ecosystem and as an early warning system. The information learnt from the managers and community also highlights the need for a shared approach to gathering knowledge and learning about the world around us.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Working together for our oceans: a marine spatial plan for Algoa Bay, South Africa
- Dorrington, Rosemary A, Lombard, Amanda T, Bornman, Thomas G, Adams, Janine B, Cawthra, Hayley C, Deyzel, Shaun H P, Goschen, Wayne S, Liu, Kenneth, Mahler-Coetzee, Jacques, Matcher, Gwynneth F, McQuaid, Christopher D, Parker-Nance, Shirley, Paterson, Angus W, Perissinotto, Renzo, Porri, Francesca, Roberts, Michael J, Snow, Bernadette, Vrancken, Patrick
- Authors: Dorrington, Rosemary A , Lombard, Amanda T , Bornman, Thomas G , Adams, Janine B , Cawthra, Hayley C , Deyzel, Shaun H P , Goschen, Wayne S , Liu, Kenneth , Mahler-Coetzee, Jacques , Matcher, Gwynneth F , McQuaid, Christopher D , Parker-Nance, Shirley , Paterson, Angus W , Perissinotto, Renzo , Porri, Francesca , Roberts, Michael J , Snow, Bernadette , Vrancken, Patrick
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/480806 , vital:78478 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC-df3d267ab
- Description: Southern Africa occupies a critical position within the southern hemisphere for the study of broadscale global change and the three oceans around South Africa (the Atlantic, Indian and Southern Oceans) play a vital role in determining local and regional climate and weather patterns. Oceans and coasts also provide various resources and services (e.g. food and carbon sequestration), but these services are threatened by human activities. Uncertainty of the impact and consequences of these anthropogenic activities makes it problematic to manage marine resources. Given the recent global emphasis on the development of ‘ocean economies’, the exploitation of living (fisheries, aquaculture and tourism) and non-living (oil and gas, minerals, energy) marine resources should be on a scale that is socially and economically justifiable and ecologically sustainable. In 2014, ‘Operation Phakisa’ was launched in South Africa as an initiative to accelerate execution of the National Development Plan. The primary focus of Phakisa is to unlock the economic potential of South Africa’s oceans. This will be achieved through the ‘implementation of an overarching, integrated ocean governance framework for sustainable growth of the ocean economy that will maximise socio-economic benefits while ensuring adequate ocean environmental protection’ by 2019. Marine spatial planning (MSP) is a key component of this integrated governance framework, and the development of MSP legislation during 2016 was prioritised as ‘critical’ to achieving the Operation Phakisa objectives. Accordingly, the Department of Environmental Affairs (DEA) published the Marine Spatial Planning Bill (2017) ‘to provide a framework for marine spatial planning in South Africa’s waters; to provide for the development of the marine spatial plan; to provide for institutional arrangements for the implementation of the marine spatial plan and governance of the use of the ocean by multiple sectors; and to provide for matters connected therewith’.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Dorrington, Rosemary A , Lombard, Amanda T , Bornman, Thomas G , Adams, Janine B , Cawthra, Hayley C , Deyzel, Shaun H P , Goschen, Wayne S , Liu, Kenneth , Mahler-Coetzee, Jacques , Matcher, Gwynneth F , McQuaid, Christopher D , Parker-Nance, Shirley , Paterson, Angus W , Perissinotto, Renzo , Porri, Francesca , Roberts, Michael J , Snow, Bernadette , Vrancken, Patrick
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/480806 , vital:78478 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC-df3d267ab
- Description: Southern Africa occupies a critical position within the southern hemisphere for the study of broadscale global change and the three oceans around South Africa (the Atlantic, Indian and Southern Oceans) play a vital role in determining local and regional climate and weather patterns. Oceans and coasts also provide various resources and services (e.g. food and carbon sequestration), but these services are threatened by human activities. Uncertainty of the impact and consequences of these anthropogenic activities makes it problematic to manage marine resources. Given the recent global emphasis on the development of ‘ocean economies’, the exploitation of living (fisheries, aquaculture and tourism) and non-living (oil and gas, minerals, energy) marine resources should be on a scale that is socially and economically justifiable and ecologically sustainable. In 2014, ‘Operation Phakisa’ was launched in South Africa as an initiative to accelerate execution of the National Development Plan. The primary focus of Phakisa is to unlock the economic potential of South Africa’s oceans. This will be achieved through the ‘implementation of an overarching, integrated ocean governance framework for sustainable growth of the ocean economy that will maximise socio-economic benefits while ensuring adequate ocean environmental protection’ by 2019. Marine spatial planning (MSP) is a key component of this integrated governance framework, and the development of MSP legislation during 2016 was prioritised as ‘critical’ to achieving the Operation Phakisa objectives. Accordingly, the Department of Environmental Affairs (DEA) published the Marine Spatial Planning Bill (2017) ‘to provide a framework for marine spatial planning in South Africa’s waters; to provide for the development of the marine spatial plan; to provide for institutional arrangements for the implementation of the marine spatial plan and governance of the use of the ocean by multiple sectors; and to provide for matters connected therewith’.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
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