An Empirical Investigation of Trade Liberalization and Trade Patterns in South Africa
- Authors: Khumalo, Sibanisezwe A , Tsegaye, Asrat
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/470606 , vital:77378 , https://doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v10i5(J).2503
- Description: The study made use of the gravity model to analyze the behavior of South Africa’ s trade patterns at industry level. Using SIC 2-digit level data for the period 1996-2013 based on two sub-samples, 1996-2004 and 2005-2013, the study found that trade liberalization was not universally influential on trade patterns. Some industries did not exhibit significant behavior changes as a result of tariff liberalization. The results show that Agriculture, mining ores, crude oil, machinery and transport are the only industries from the selected sample of nine that are significantly influenced by trade liberalization policy. Furthermore, empirical results indicate that trade liberalization hinders extensive margins and does not encourage intensive margins.
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- Date Issued: 2018
Constructing a cardinal measure of democratic development in a transition polity: the Nigerian example
- Authors: Dinneya, Godson E , Tsegaye, Asrat
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6076 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003837
- Description: Existing measures of the level of democracy present in a given state treat democracy as a product and therefore place undue emphasis on actual freedoms enjoyed by the citizens of the country. In transition polities where the actual levels of freedom are low despite continuing efforts to democratize, democracy should be seen as a process rather than a product. A measure that dilutes the end product to capture today's struggles against undemocratic structures and policies does so in order to recognize the foundations these inputs lay for future democratic development. Nigeria exemplifies the many polities in transition on the African continent. This essay looks at the major political events that typify the processes of power change, quality of governance, political environment and democratic dividends, and uses them to construct democratization indices to determine the pattern and level of democratization in Nigeria since political independence. This exercise sets the stage for assessing the impacts of various dimensions of democratization on the performance of the Nigerian economy.
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- Date Issued: 2004