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Rhodes University Graduation Ceremony 1998

- Rhodes University

  • Authors: Rhodes University
  • Date: 1998
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: vital:8132 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006777
  • Description: Rhodes University Graduation Ceremonies [at] 1820 Settlers National Monument Wednesday, 18 February 1998 at 6:00 p.m. [and] Friday, 17 April 1998 at 10:30 a.m., 18:00 p.m. [and] Saturday, 18 April 1998 at 10:30 a.m. , Rhodes University 1998 Graduation Ceremony City Hall, East London Friday, 8 May 1998 at 18:00 p.m.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1998

SACCAWU - Summer School

- SACCAWU

  • Authors: SACCAWU
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: SACCAWU
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/113880 , vital:33841
  • Description: The publication of this Green Paper is the first step taken by the Department of Labour in developing new legislation to regulate minimum employment standards in South Africa. The Department believes that the Basic Conditions of Employment Act (BCEA) 3 of 1933 and the Wage Act 5 of 1957 should be revised and replaced by a single law regulating statutory employment standards. This is needed to meet the country's social, political and economic goals as reflected in the Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) and adopted by the Government of National Unity. The purpose of the Green Paper is to promote a debate on the development of the law. It contains proposals and options for discussion. It also briefly describes important aspects of these Acts for people who may not be familiar with their contents. The Green Paper has been prepared by the Directorate: Minimum Standards of the Department of Labour which is responsible for enforcing the BCEA and the Wage Act. It does not represent an official government view. It has not been endorsed by the Cabinet. It awaits the outcome on certain issues of the Report of the Comprehensive Labour Market Commission. The Green Paper will be submitted to the social partners in the National Economic Development and Labour Advisory Council (NEDLAC) for consideration. It is published to obtain public comment and will be circulated to other government agencies to obtain their views. The Green Paper concentrates on the principles that will form the basis for the development of the new legislation. It draws the attention of the public and the social partners to aspects of the existing laws that often do not receive adequate attention.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

Sadioroule

- Kenza Batoma Diallo (author, composer, lead singer), Aliou Traore (violin), Benogo Diakite (ngoni, kangnan), Kabin Kaba Diakite (guitar, bass, yabara), Halima Sangare (chorus), Souleymane Dembele (balafon), Kalibou Diarra (djembe), MALI K7 S.A. Ali Furka Toure Associe, Bamako

Sexual dimorphism and tail-length in widowbirds and bishopbirds (Ploeeidae: Euplectes spp.): a reassessment

- Craig, Adrian J F K, Villet, Martin H

  • Authors: Craig, Adrian J F K , Villet, Martin H
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: To be catalogued
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/442306 , vital:73974 , https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919X.1998.tb04551.x
  • Description: No evidence for sexual selection in the evolution of tail‐length or wing‐length in widow birds and bishopbirds (genus Euplectes) was found when the methods used by previous authors were applied to a larger set of data. Nuptial tail‐length dimorphism scaled with body size dimorphism except in Euplectes progne, and interpopulation variation in taillength could be explained by genetic drift alone. Wing‐length appears to be under stabilizing selection and scales allometrically with body size, with no relation to tail‐length unless E. progne is included in the analysis.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

Shiy' abantwana belila

- Performer not specified, Group Composition, Dargie, Dave

Somagwaza

- Nolinethi, Composer not specified, Dargie, Dave

South African panorama: the novels of Daphne Rooke

- Coetzee, Paulette June

  • Authors: Coetzee, Paulette June
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: Rooke, Daphne, 1914- -- Criticism and interpretation
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:2222 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002265 , Rooke, Daphne, 1914- -- Criticism and interpretation
  • Description: This thesis covers Daphne Rooke's eight published "South African" novels: A Grove of Fever Trees, Mittee, Ratoons, Wizards' Country, A Lover for Estelle, The Greyling, Diamond Jo, and Margaretha de la Porte. It supports the recent revival of critical interest in Rooke, and argues for the continuing relevance of her work in post-apartheid South Africa. This study also broadens the scope of recent Rooke research by including lesser known works like The Greyling and Margaretha de la Porte in its analysis. Recent criticism has focused on Rooke's unusual blend of romance and realism. The first three chapters concentrate more on "realism", emphasising the depth and extent of Rooke's engagement with serious social issues. The novels are examined in terms of their handling of the themes of class (chapter one), race (chapter two) and gender (chapter three). The concluding chapter shifts in focus to "romance" and examines the question of generic_identity -- touching on Rooke's gothic, magical realist and "popular" qualities -within a consideration of the particular "South African-ness" of her work.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

Southern African Journal of Gerontology, volume 7, number 1, April 1998

- Ferreira, Monica (editor), Moller, Valerie, HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology

  • Authors: Ferreira, Monica (editor) , Moller, Valerie , HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: Gerontology -- South Africa , Older people -- Care -- South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Text
  • Identifier: vital:8076 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012871
  • Description: [From Editorial] Each of the papers in this number of SAJG deals with dilemmas and issues in the matter of public and private care for older persons in southern Africa. Three papers deal explicitly with South Africa's social-security system·- specifically the old-age pension. Two papers deal with residential care models. And a sixth paper examines informal caregiving. In an expansive overview of public finance and ageing in South Africa, Van der Berg examines budgetary expenditure on the older population and places the magnitude and function of the social-pension system in perspective. The author briefly traces the historical evolution of the system. In a paper based on extensive archival research, Sagner details the history of the pension from 1920 to 1960 and shows that numerous contemporary pension-related issues are no different to issues of past decades. In her paper, Oakley examines the effects of recent changes in social-welfare policy on the residents and administrators of a home for marginalized older people in a remote South African town. She contends that new policy erroneously assumes that marginalized and historically disadvantaged older individuals are able to live self-sufficiently within the bosom of family - in a spirit of ubuntu. Ackermann and Matebesi report on a study of the experiences of carers of older family members in an African township and consider how these carers, who have few resources, could be assisted and supported in their care giving tasks. Mupedziswa describes the nature and functioning of an alternative residential care model in Zimbabwe - a cooperative living scheme specifically established to enable destitute and socially-impoverished older people to co-reside in a safe and mutually-supportive environment. Moller gives readers an insightful update and analysis of the January 1998 pension payment debacle in the Eastern Cape Province, when the payment of more than 600 000 pensioners was delayed because of provincial-government management errors. Finally, SAJG welcomes Wilson's announcement in a letter to the editor of the establishment of AFRIT A, whose aims are to promote and to co-ordinate linkages between training and research initiatives on ageing and policy structures in African countries.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

Southern African Journal of Gerontology, volume 7, number 2, October 1998

- Ferreira, Monica (editor), Moller, Valerie, HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology

  • Authors: Ferreira, Monica (editor) , Moller, Valerie , HSRC/UCT Centre for Gerontology
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: Gerontology -- South Africa , Older people -- Care -- South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Text
  • Identifier: vital:8077 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012911
  • Description: [From Editorial] Articles in this Special Issue on health and ageing in Africa come from a broad spectrum of disciplines and the articles reflect a wide range of topics. Three contributions deal with the maintenance of good health. Remaining active is a key component of successful ageing which minimizes the loss of functional independence in the elderly. An investigation of the role of gender in the analysis of gait of older people by Macfarlane, Nicholson and Muller provides important methodological information which may be applied in practical outcomes-based assessments. The development of a reliable tool to assess gait, as a measure of lower-extremity function, is thus pertinent. There is growing evidence that good nutritional status is an important determinant of optimal cognitive and physical functioning in older people and influences both quality of life and health status. In a study of institutionalized elderly women in Cape Town, Charlton, Joosen and Jaffer report a high prevalence of suboptimal vitamin C status. The authors make out a case for low-dose micro-nutrient supplementation in residents of homes for the aged, particularly in homes where a cook-chill catering system is operated. They suggest that ongoing nutritional assessment should be an integral part of the care of older residents. In keeping with the topic of nutrition, Walker, a prolific author on public health issues in Africa over the past 50 years, has contributed a guest column in which he addresses the nutrition-ageing paradigm from an epidemiological viewpoint. He highlights opportunities for high-quality research on the association between life-style factors and healthy ageing in the continent. Moving on to a specific form of health-care delivery, Makoni examines language practices in the care that is rendered to older residents of a Cape Town nursing home. He describes barriers in communication between nursing staff and residents from different ethnic backgrounds, which compromise the quality of care that is rendered and which may result in conflict and tension between staff and residents. In her article, Tlou evaluates a community-based programme in which older women who live in rural areas of Botswana are trained to educate members of their communities in the prevention of the spread of the HIV I AIDS virus. The findings demonstrate the benefits of targeting lay persons for health education activities in rural Africa and the utilization of older persons, in this case women, as a valuable resource. The special issue also includes two opinion pieces and an item which opens debate. In separate contributions, Wilson and Duodu examine challenges facing effective health-care service delivery systems for older persons in African countries and express their opinions in this regard. Wilson's suggestions for multidisciplinary specialist teams, including incontinence teams, nutrition teams and vision teams, and for the development of training for lay people to become generic " rehabilitation assistants," are examples of appropriate community-based African solutions to health service delivery needs of the older population. Duodo makes similar suggestions to those of Wilson, specifically regarding geriatric care service delivery in Ghana. He also highlights the common practice of traditional self-medication in rural-dwelling older Ghanaians. Readers are invited to comment on, and indeed to augment, the authors' opinions in Letters to the Editor. To date, very little work has been done in South Africa on biological aspects of ageing. In a short contribution on the free radical theory of ageing, Van Rensburg and Potocnik open debate on this topic. Once again, readers are invited to contribute to debate in this area in letters to the editor, for publication in the following number of the journal.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

Soze ndikwale

- Nogcinile, Composer not specified, Dargie, Dave

Spatial and temporal variability in recruitment of intertidal mussels around the coast of southern Africa

- Harris, Jean M, Branch, George M, Elliot, Bridget L, Currie, Bronwen, Dye, Arthur H, McQuaid, Christopher D, Tomalin, Bruce J, Velasquez, Claudio

  • Authors: Harris, Jean M , Branch, George M , Elliot, Bridget L , Currie, Bronwen , Dye, Arthur H , McQuaid, Christopher D , Tomalin, Bruce J , Velasquez, Claudio
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: To be catalogued
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/447579 , vital:74658 , https://www.ajol.info/index.php/az/article/view/154717
  • Description: Intensity of intertidal mussel recruitment was compared across a range of different spatial and temporal scales around the coast of southern Africa between June 1995 and October 1996. Comparison of the east and west coasts revealed significantly higher recruit densities on the west coast, corresponding to larger adult densities. This difference between the two coasts reflects biogeographic disparities in mussel species composition, growth rates and spawning intensities, oceanographic conditions and productivity. Significant spatial variations in recruitment were recorded between regions 100–1000 km apart and between localities 1–25 km apart. Results suggest that the influence of dispersal processes on recruitment patterns acts at a relatively small scale, and may affect the distribution and abundance of adults among shores only a few kilometres apart.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

Successes and challenges of the NUMSA Gender Committee

- National Union of Metalworkers of South Africa

  • Authors: National Union of Metalworkers of South Africa
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: Uncatalogued
  • Language: eng
  • Type: text , pamphlet
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/${Handle} , vital:32406
  • Description: This session will try to cover policies adopted at the Congress and Central committee and will be divided in the following sections: collective bargaining, campaigns, gender structures/coordination, education, recommendations for discussion.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

Surface distribution of microphytoplankton of the south-west Indian Ocean along a repeat transect between Cape Town and the Prince Edward Islands

- Froneman, P William, Pakhomov, Evgeny A, Meaton, V

  • Authors: Froneman, P William , Pakhomov, Evgeny A , Meaton, V
  • Date: 1998
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Article
  • Identifier: vital:6933 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011953
  • Description: Surface chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentrations, microphytoplankton (>20 μm) species composition and distribution along a repeat transect between Cape Town and the Prince Edward Islands were investigated in early austral autumn (April/May) 1996. Samples were collected at approximately 30 nautical mile intervals for the analysis of size-fractionated chl-a and the identification and enumeration of microphytoplankton species. Peaks in total chl-a (>1 μg 1 [superscript -1]) were recorded at the Subtropical Convergence (STC), at the Sub-Antarctic Front (SAF) and in the waters surrounding the Prince Edward Islands. In addition, a minor peak in chl-a concentration was recorded in the continental shelf waters. At stations where elevated chl-a concentrations were recorded, microphytoplankton generally formed a substantial contribution (-10%) to total chlorophyll. Outside these regions, total chlorophyll concentrations were lower (<0.9 μg 1 [superscript -1]) and almost entirely dominated by nano- and picophytoplankton, which contributed >95% of the total. Microphytoplankton species composition along both transects were dominated by chain-forming species of the genera Chaetoceros (mainly C. neglectum, C. peruvianus and C. constrictus), Nitzschia spp. and Pseudoeunotia doliolus. Cluster and ordination analysis based on species composition identified five distinct microphytoplankton assemblages, which were closely associated with the different water masses in the region between Cape Town and the Prince Edward Islands. The microphytoplankton species composition and biogeographic zones identified during this investigation are in general agreement with similar studies conducted in the south-west Indian Ocean during the austral summer, which suggests that there are little seasonal trends in both the microphytoplankton species composition and biogeographic zonation.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

Symplastic solute transport and avocado fruit development : a decline in cytokinin/ABA ratio is related to appearance of the Hass small fruit variant

- Moore-Gordon, Clive S, Cowan, Keith A, Bertling, Isa, Botha, Christiaan E J, Cross, Robin H M

  • Authors: Moore-Gordon, Clive S , Cowan, Keith A , Bertling, Isa , Botha, Christiaan E J , Cross, Robin H M
  • Date: 1998
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: vital:6525 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005959
  • Description: Studies on the effect of fruit size on endogenous ABA and isopentenyladenine (iP) in developing avocado (Persea americana Mill. cv. Hass) fruit revealed that ABA content was negatively correlated with fruit size whilst the iP/ABA ratio showed a linear relationship with increasing size of fruit harvested 226 d after full bloom. The effect of this change in hormone balance on the relationship between symplastic solute transport and appearance of the small fruit variant was examined following manipulation of the endogenous cytokinin (CK)/ABA ratio. Application of ABA caused seed coat senescence and retarded fruit growth but these effects were absent in fruit treated with equal amounts of ABA plus iP. Thus, the underlying physiological mechanisms associated with ABA-induced retardation of Hass avocado fruit growth appeared to be inextricably linked to a decline in CK content and included: diminution of mesocarp and seed coat plasmodesmatal branching, gating of mesocarp and seed coat plasmodesmata by deposition of electron dense material in the neck region, abolishment of the electrochemical gradient between mesocarp and seed coat parenchyma, and arrest of cell-to-cell chemical communication.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

Telkom Substantive Negotiations

- CWU

  • Authors: CWU
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: CWU
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/175666 , vital:42604
  • Description: During the financial presentation of the company, the impression was created that the attributable income is unrealistic due to the fact that capital expenditure for the first six months were way below budget.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

Testing Guidano's model of psychopathology in eating-disordered individuals : a multiple case study

- Hajayiannis, Helen

  • Authors: Hajayiannis, Helen
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: Psychology, Pathological Eating disorders -- Case studies Guidano, V F Eating disorders -- Etiology
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
  • Identifier: vital:3192 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008557
  • Description: This thesis sets out to critically examine Guidano's model of psychopathology in eating-disordered individuals . The literature review highlights the diverse etiological approaches that have been taken in understanding eating disorders. Guidano's model is presented as an alternative to traditional approaches . It is a developmental, unitary model of psychopathology, conceptualised within a systems/process-oriented approach to organised complexity. Within a qualitative framework, case study methodology is utilised to test the viability and limitations of Guidano's model. Four in-depth case histories are presented which offer appropriate material for the testing of the model. The data is analysed using the reading guide method and presented in terms of the four features of Guidano's model: (1) dysfunctional patterns of attachment; (2) sense of self; (3) major themes on systemic coherence; (4) common coping strategies. The findings of the research support Guidano's model of psychopathology in eating-disordered individuals. The findings are: (1) attachment styles are ambiguous, "intrusive, and enmeshed; participants experience a disappointment in the preferential attachment relationship; (2) that participants' sense of self is blurred and wavering; (3) the major theme on systemic coherence is the oscillation between seeking and avoiding intimacy; (4) common coping strategies are: the seeking of supportive intimacy with minimal self-exposure; withdrawal into the self; perfectionism; the development of an eating disorder; continuous thoughts about food, eating, and weight which prevents participants from becoming aware of the real issues confronting them. An evaluation of Guidano's model in terms of its specific contribution to knowledge and research on the role of father in child and adolescent psychopathology, as well as how father effects evidence in eating disorders, demonstrates the model's value as an explanatory tool and raises implications for future treatment, theory, and research practices of eating-disordered individuals.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

The Anglican Church's mission to the Muslims in Cape Town during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries : a study in the changes of missiological methods and attitudes

- Pratt, Derek Alfred

  • Authors: Pratt, Derek Alfred
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: Missions to Muslims -- South Africa -- Cape Town Mission of the church Anglican Communion -- South Africa -- Cape Town Christianity and other religions -- Islam
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MTh
  • Identifier: vital:1236 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007592
  • Description: When Bishop Robert Gray arrived at the Cape in 1848, he was concerned at the large percentage of the former slave population who had been attracted to the Muslim faith. He appointed Michael Angelo Camilleri (1848-1854) as a missionary to the Muslims of Cape Town. Camilleri's tenure was short and he was frequently used to fill other ecclesiastical posts. From 1854 until 1911 the responsibility of mission to the Muslims was given to priests whose parishes had large Muslims populations. In 1911 a fulltime missionary was once again appointed. Thomas Fothergill Lightfoot, arrived at the Cape in 1858 and served at St Paul's, Bree Street until his death in 1904. His was a ministry of love and caring. He was greatly respected for his work by all sections of the population. John Mühleissen Arnold worked in the parish of St Mary's, Woodstock. His aggressive missiological technique broke down much of the religious tolerance which had existed. His publication of a pamphlet supposedly written by a Muslim, raises doubts about his integrity as a missionary and his ethical stance as a Christian. In 1907 the Diocesan Mission Board took control of the Muslim mission and in 1911 appointed Stephen Garabedian as director. Under Garabedian the policy of the mission was aimed primarily at preventing Christian women 'lapsing' from Christianity and becoming Muslims through marriage. After his resignation in 1922, the work continued under numerous women workers who concentrated on Muslim women and children through sewing guilds and childrens' clubs. In 1960, George Swartz was appointed as director. Swartz was the first Coloured and South African-born priest to hold the post of director. Swartz served as director until he was appointed to Bonteheuwel as parish priest. He subsequently chaired the board until it ceased to meet in 1976. Throughout its one hundred twenty eight years of active existence, the Anglican mission to the Muslims failed to attract a large number of converts. Initially this could be attributed to the attraction the Muslims had to those seeking a strong community life. Later, outside influences from the Islamic world strengthened the faith of the Muslim community against any Christian conversion attempts. During the latter part of the twentieth century the mission viewed its tasks as preventing the conversion of Christians who wished to marry Muslims and informing and educating Christians on the Islamic faith. In the late 1960s, the Board encouraged dialogue rather than confrontation. It changed its name to the Board of Muslim Relationship. Apartheid was seen as the common enemy of both Christians and Muslims and they worked together against its evils. The need for a Mission Board was seen as redundant and from 1976 it ceased to be active.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

The biology of Tilapia rendalli and Oreochromis mossambicus (Pisces: Cichlidae) in a subtropical lake in Mozambique

- Weyl, Olaf L F, Hecht, Thomas

  • Authors: Weyl, Olaf L F , Hecht, Thomas
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: To be catalogued
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/446944 , vital:74572 , https://www.ajol.info/index.php/az/article/view/154744
  • Description: This study of age and growth, reproduction and juvenile recruitment of Tilapia rendalli and Oreochromis mossambicus was undertaken in Lake Chicamba, a large, clear subtropical lake in central Mozambique. Sectioned otoliths were used to estimate age. Marginal zone analysis showed that annulus formation occurred during winter, in July and August. Maximum age estimates for T. rendalli and O. mossambicus were 16 and 10 years, respectively. Growth was described by the 3 parameter von Bertalanffy model as Lt= 238.74 (1-e-0,636 (1+ 00905)) mm TL for T. rendalli and Lt= 266.06 (1-e-0 70904 (1+ 0269)) mm TL for O. mossambicus. The length-at-50% maturity (Lm 50) of male T. rendalli was 218 mm total lenglh (TL) and 205 mm TL in females. In O. mossambicus the Lm 50 for males was 251 mm TL and for females 223 mm TL. Both species spawned throughout summer. Lake level was found to have no effect on spawning periodicity although recruitment was flood dependent.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

The biotechnology of high rate algal ponding systems in the treatment of saline tannery wastewaters

- Dunn, Kevin Matthew

  • Authors: Dunn, Kevin Matthew
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: Sewage lagoons Tanneries -- Waste disposal Saline waters
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: vital:4006 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004066
  • Description: Salinisation has been identified as a major cause of the progressive deterioration in the public water system in South Africa. To deal with this problem Waste Stabilisation Ponding systems have been used by the Leather Processing Industry as zero-dischaJ;ge wastewater evaporation disposal processes in water-limited inland regions of the country. While effective in the evaporation disposal function these systems are plagued by the generation of serious odour nuisance creating intractable environmental problems relating to adjacent residential communities. High loading to ponds of organic compounds, sulphides and ammonia results in strongly reducing anaerobic conditions prevailing in early parts of pond cascades. These are characterised by bright red colours due to the predominance of purple photosynthetic bacteria. Sporadic micro algal blooms of Spirulina sp. and Dunaliella sp. had been previously noted to occur on the latter ponds in these cascades, and were associated with their conversion to facultative function, with aerobic surface layers, and a marked reduction in odour release. This research programme undertook an investigation of the microbial ecology of a tannery waste stabilisation ponding system to describe factors which give rise to these blooms, and to determine whether microalgal growth may be manipulated to achieve a reliable oxygengenerating capping of the anaerobic ponds. The predominance of near pure cultures of Spin/lina platensis was demonstrated for the blooms and factors restricting its growth in the system were described. These include the interaction of ammonia and sulphide toxic effects and laboratory studies were undertaken to show how effluent loading may be regulated to enable effective growth of the cyanobacterium. At appropriate dilutions of tannery effluent an enhancement of growth was noted, compared to growth in defined mineral medium. An investigation of this phenomenon provided preliminary evidence for organic uptake by the pond micro algae and a possible contribution to heterotrophic nutrition. The manipulation of Spirulina sp. growth in a High Rate Algal Pond raceway was undertaken in outdoor pilot plant studies and the effect of microalgal capping of the anaerobic ponds in the cascade was demonstrated by activating a recycle loop from a blooming facultative pond. Heavy metal contaminants were effectively eliminated by an optimisation of the primary anaerobic pond function and precipitation as metal sulphides. Biomass was harvested and dried, during which a range of methods were evaluated. Toxicological studies were undertaken on the dried biomass using Artemia and chick assays, and feed studies showed its useful application in rations for the abalone Haliotlls midae and rainbow trout Onchorhynchlls mykiss. Based on positive independent assessment of research outcomes, a decision was made by the tanning company operating the Waste Stabilisation Ponding system, to proceed to the construction of a full-scale 2 500 m2 High Rate Algal Pond raceway. This would be used for controlled Spirlilina biomass production to effect a practical capping of the anaerobic ponds in the system, and to evaluate its commercial potential in the feed market. The Advanced Integrated Wastewater Ponding System described by Oswald (1991) provided the conceptual basis for the Algal Biotechnology process development undertaken. The studies of the microbial ecology and the biotechnological potential of this system have shown that a Spirulina-based High Rate Algal Ponding process can be engineered in such a way that saline tannery effluents may be treated to effect a significant reduction in overall pollution load, that biomass may be recovered as a value added product of the treatment process and that the operational performance of Waste Stabilisation Ponding systems, and hence their immediate environment, may be improved by the use of the High Rate Algal Pond as a retrofitted upgrading unit operation.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

The child witness in the accusatorial system

- Müller, Karen, 1964-

  • Authors: Müller, Karen, 1964-
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: Child witnesses , Children -- Legal status, laws, etc. , Child witnesses -- South Africa , Evidence (Law)
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: vital:3715 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007708 , Child witnesses , Children -- Legal status, laws, etc. , Child witnesses -- South Africa , Evidence (Law)
  • Description: For the purpose of this study tbe child witness in the accusatorial system will be viewed as a source of information. When a witness gives evidence in court, the function of the witness is to provide the court with certain information. A number of crucial questions arise when the witness is a child. Do children bave the ability to remember and relate an event accurately? Are children prone to suggestion and fantasy? What effect, if any, does the court environment have on a child 's ability to convey information? What perceptions do children have about the legal process, and how do these perceptions affect their ability to testify? Do adults influence the information which children impart by the techniques they employ to obtain such information? Accepting the hypothesis that child witnesses are sources of information, the purpose of this study is to evaluate all aspects of the criminal justice system relating to child witnesses as well as available research on children to determine whether it is possible to obtain reliable and accurate information from children. Proposals will be formulated regarding the most successful methods of obtaining reliable and accurate information from children, and how these can be adapted for use by the legal system. The purpose of the study is to develop an approach to children in the legal system that will be fair to children while at the same time protecting the rights of the accused, and which will lead to a successful method of obtaining accurate information.
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  • Date Issued: 1998
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