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Conservatism and change: the refashioning of gender relations from 1870 to 1914: a case study of East London

  • Authors: Vernon, Gillian Noël
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: Women -- South Africa -- East London , Women -- South Africa -- Social conditions , Women's rights -- South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:2567 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002420 , Women -- South Africa -- East London , Women -- South Africa -- Social conditions , Women's rights -- South Africa
  • Description: This is a case study of East London from 1870 to 1914 with gender as the critical analytical category. The focus is on change in the structure of gender relations, evaluated in terms of the recognition of the rights of women and their status in society and women of all race groups are dealt with. A feature of the source material has been the use made of oral history where interviews were conducted with the descendants of women who lived during the study period. There were many indirect factors which had a retrogressive influence on progressive change in the rights and position of women. The initial small size of the population and unbalanced gender ratios, the few natural resources, a small and limited port and periodic unpredictable natural disasters gave rise to a 'boom and burst' economy with very little industry. The result was that initially the women were very conservative and unwilling to make social changes. The military occupation and the outbreak of hostilities in the late 1870s affected social and racial attitudes detrimentally. The entrenched patriarchal system, under which both black and white women lived, and the legal controls, particularly in the marital situation, reinforced the subordination of women, making the system difficult to break. Further conservative forces were at work with the European class system being well entrenched, with most women working for upward mobility, gentrification and respectability. Wealth was critical in determining status and those women from the working class, who had achieved some degree of wealth and status, were not prepared to challenge the system. Religion was important for nearly all white women and converted black women, but was a retarding influence in the growth of feminist consciousness. Little progress was made in improving the condition of women who transgressed the law, the non-respectable women, and ethnicity made no difference. Progress was made in gender relations for women in some fields. The reduction in family size and the improvement in health, gave women more time and energy for public affairs. Participation in sport helped women discard the image of being weak and frail and also improved health. Educational opportunities allowed some to get tertiary training and obtain proper qualifications to earn a living for themselves. Xhosa women who came into the town, made a major break with traditional society and many became independent. The major impetus for change came through women's associations, where women actively worked together and achieved some positive results. Middle class white women could earn an independent living without losing respectability, although it was accepted that women should give up paid employment on marriage. Black women broke traditional ties and many urban women became independent. Conditions for working class and non-respectable women changed very little. A deduction is that many women, both white and black, had sympathy for one another and they created a fund of goodwill on both sides of the colour line.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1998

Countertransference in rape counselling

  • Authors: Whyle, Susan Lynn
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: Countertransference (Psychology) -- Therapeutic use , Rape victims -- Counseling of
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:3085 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002594 , Countertransference (Psychology) -- Therapeutic use , Rape victims -- Counseling of
  • Description: The study examined rape counselling, with particular emphasis on countertransference reactions experienced by the counsellors of rape survivors. Four subjects participated in semi-focused, open-ended interviews, which were taped and transcribed verbatim. The phenomenon of countertransference was discussed, and countertransference reactions identified and examined. The management of empathic strain, in order to sustain empathic inquiry and therapeutic efficacy, was discussed. The main results of the study included the identification of common victim themes, and the feelings evoked in the counsellor in the therapeutic relationship. These included feelings of anger, hopelessness, helplessness and sadness, particularly in the counselling of children, who may be HIV positive as a result of the attack, and victims of chronic abuse. Challenges of rape counselling included shortcomings in the system, and rape myths which trivialize the crime and blame the victim. The need for education and enlightenment of both the public and magistrates on the deleterious effects of rape was emphasized by all subjects.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

Crossing boundaries: facilitating conceptual development in relation to culture in an English for academic purposes course

  • Authors: Dison, Arona
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: Compensatory education -- South Africa , English language -- Study and teaching (Higher) -- Foreign speakers , English language -- Study and teaching (Higher) -- Foreign speakers -- Psychological aspects
  • Identifier: vital:2345 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002627 , Compensatory education -- South Africa , English language -- Study and teaching (Higher) -- Foreign speakers , English language -- Study and teaching (Higher) -- Foreign speakers -- Psychological aspects
  • Description: This research was undertaken as the first cycle of an action research project. The aim was to develop a course within the English Language 1 for Academic Purposes (ELAP) course at Rhodes University, which would facilitate the conceptual development of students in relation to the topic of Culture. The implementation of the course was researched, using students' writing, interviews, staff meeting discussions and video-taping of certain classes. Ten students volunteered to 'be researched'. The types of initial 'commonsense' understandings of culture held by students are outlined and the conceptual development which they underwent in relation to Culture is examined. Students' perceptions of the approaches to learning required in ELAP and the Culture course in particular are explored. The involvement of the ELAP tutors in the course and in the research was a learning experience for them, and this became-another focus of the research. The findings of the research support the argument for using challenging subject matter in English for Academic Purposes (EAP) courses, provided that the learning process is carefully scaffolded. An underlying assumption is that ways of thinking and learning in university courses need to be explicitly taught to students and the study concludes that lecturers of mainstream courses could also learn from the findings of research such as this. The study also shows the potential power of participatory action research to involve practitioners in research and enhance their understandings of aspects of their practice. Finally, it notes the need to value subtle developments in students and to see them as being part of a longer term process.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

Dagadjo Kone

Democratic South Africa and the Asian paragon: issues of foreign policy orientation

  • Authors: Bischoff, Paul, 1954-
  • Date: 1998
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/161420 , vital:40625 , https://www.jstor.org/stable/40180338
  • Description: Not unlike Spain after Franco in the 1970s, post-Apartheid South Africa in the 1990s, is a state whose democracy is built on a broad based effort to manage a transformation towards constitutionalism and the open rule of law. In what is still an ongoing process towards the transformation of public life, a democratising South Africa remains a prime example of one of the most hopeful democratic orders in the Southern hemisphere. How this state, engaged in transformation at home, projects itself in its relations with other, largely less democratic states abroad, represents a test for the evolution of a foreign policy which pays heed to both economic need as well as its newly won democratic credentials. In the country's relations with Asia, the attempt to strike a balance between the two concerns, is something which points, more than anything else, to the ongoing, evolving nature of South African foreign policy.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

Determining industries' environmental training needs, with special reference to the manufacturing and engineering industries in the Eastern Cape

  • Authors: Mabunda, Khensani
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: Manufacturing industries -- Employees -- Training of -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Environmental education -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
  • Identifier: vital:1900 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006217
  • Description: This paper presents the outcome of two case studies and a survey of manufacturing and engineering industries in the Eastern Cape, to explain their environmental education and / or training needs. The methods involved in case studies were interviews, observation and document analysis and for the survey a postal questionnaire. Respondents were generally able to identify their companies' environmental impacts and most thought that education and/training has a role to play in helping them deal with those impacts. While respondents identified environmental awareness for workers as the main role that education and / or training can play, it also has to help management understand its environmental role in dealing with environmental management systems and legislation, as well as supporting education and training. Education and/or training should take both managers and workers beyond the superficial understanding of the concept of environment. In-house and external trainers were identified as potential trainers as this would both overcome a current lack of capacity and make continuity possible when external trainers cease training. Trainers should be environmentally qualified. Respondents have mostly shown support for learning-on-the-job but less so on special environmental courses or including an environmental component in all training programmes. Some training sections consider their sections as already overladen and unable to accommodate other training programmes. The problem is therefore more logistic than environmental.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

Dictature 8'10

Die diskoers van kerst en andere liefdesverhalen deur Kristien Hemmerechts

  • Authors: Du Plessis, W I
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: Hemmerechts, Kristien, 1955- -- Criticism and interpretation , Discourse analysis, Literary , Structuralism (Literary analysis)
  • Language: Afrikaans
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:3601 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002185
  • Description: Die doel van hierdie studie was om aan te toon hoe 'n linguistiese beskouing van 'n literere teks kan meehelp om tot gefundeerde insigte in 'n teks te kom en om langs hierdie weg die beskuldiging dat literatuurstudie grotendeels 'n 'anything-goes-dissipline' is, te omseil. Om hierdie rede is daar van die standpunt uitgegaan dat kennis oor die presiese aard van die tekslinguistiek kan meehelp in die toepassing daarvan. Dit dien as motivering vir die uitgebreide diachroniese situering van die tekslinguistiek van die eerste hoofstuk. Hier word geredeneer dat die tekslinguistiek iets soos 'n pseudo-literatuurteorie is wat kan meehelp in die lees en interpretasie van en kommentaar oor 'n literere teks. Daar is grotendeels gefokus op die literere benaderings wat die ontwikkeling van die tekslinguistiek voorafgegaan en be'invloed het. Daar was drie hoofstrominge t.o.v. tekstuele benadering, nl. (i) tekssentriese (outonomistiese), (ii) linguistiese (taalsentriese), en (iii) lesersentriese benaderings. Die vemaamste tekssentriese (outonomistiese) benaderings is die Russiese Formalisme, New Criticism en Stilistiek op taalkundige grondslag. In die bespreking van hierdie benaderings is dit tel kens in verband gebring met die bestaande teorie oor die tekslinguistiek ten einde die diachroniese aard van die ontwikkelingsgang daarvan, te karteer. Die vernaan1ste eksponente van die linguistiese (taalsentriese) benaderings is die Strukteralisme, Poststrukturalisme en die Semiotiek. Daar is in hierdie afdeling duidelik aangestip hoe die standaarde van tekstualiteit (De Beaugrande en Dressler, 1981), en spesifiek die standaard kohesie, terug te vind is in hierdie benadering tot teksstudie. Die Resepsie-estetika en Referensiele benadering is bespreek as eksponente van die sg. lesersentriese benadering. Die doel hiervan was om aan te dui hoe intertekstualiteit, kontekstualiteit en informatiwiteit as standaarde van tekstualiteit, in hierdie benadering terug te vind is. Met die diachroniese situering in gedagte, is daar in die tweede deel van Hoofstuk Een oorgegaan tot 'n sinchroniese karakterisering van wat die tekslinguistiek behels. In hierdie hoofstuk is daar voortgegaan met die beredenering dat die term diskoerslinguisliek • n meer akkurate benaming is vir 'n dissipline wat meer as net ' teks' in ag neem. Diskoers kan beskou word as 'n reeks taaluitinge wat 'n taalhandeling vorm. Hoewel diskoerslinguisliek die term tekslinguistiek in hierdie studie vervang, is daar duidelik aangetoon dat dit nie die doel het om aardskuddend veranderend te wees nie. Die werkswyse wat in hierdie studie gevolg is, is steeds die van die tekslinguistiek. Om hierdie rede is hierdie gedeelte van die studie grootliks teoreties, dit bespreek die interdissiplinere aard van tekslinguistiekldiskoerslinguistiek, definieer dit, en identifiseer die studieveld van 'teks'. Hierdie identifisering (sintaktiese eenheid, semantiese eenheid en pragmatiese eenheid) funksioneer breedweg as die hoofuiteensetting van hierdie studie. Tog word daar in hierdie studie aangetoon dat daar verskil word van die De Beaugrande en Dressler-aanname dat daar sewe standaarde van tekstualiteit bestaan, en word dit hier gereduseer tot twee superstandaarde, nl. kohesie en koherensie. Koherensie beskik oor sg. 'voorwilardes', nl. intensionaliteit, aanvaarbaarheid, informatiwiteit, kontekstualiteit en intertekstualiteit. Op hierdie wyse word die meganistiese indeling van die oorspronklike sewe standaarde oorkom. In Hoofstuk Twee word die teorie rondom die superstandaard kohesie toegepas op die Nederlandse teks deur Kristien Hemmerechts, Kerst en andere liefdesverhalen. Hierdie hoofstuk het die implisiete doel om aan te toon hoe 'n suiwer strukturalistiese ondersoek na 'n tekstuele gegewe kan meehelp in die identifisering van bepaalde linguistiese patrone wat, indien gesitueer in 'n pragmatiese milieu, bepaalde betekeniswaarde verkry. Verskeie aspekte rondom die konsep 'kohesie' word hier bespreek, o.a. 'n by trek van sg. storiegrammatika van die liefdesverhaal en sprokie ten einde bepaalde taalpatrone te identifiser wat pragmatiese betekenislading het. Hierbenewens word daar suiwer struktureel met die teks omgegaan met 'n identifisering van bepaalde patrone in die adjektief-aanwending, die gebruik van saakname, verwysing, polisemie, sinonimie, teenoorgesteldheid, antonimie, komplementeerbaarheid, ruimtelike opposisie en hiponimie. 'Hierbenewens word kohesiewe-bindingspatronesoos ellips, semantiese rolle en sg. tematiese kontinuHeit bespreek. Die daaropvolgende hoofstuk is 'n bye en bring van die ge"identi±iseerde talige patrone van Hoofstuk Twee en 'n situering daarvan in 'n pragmatiese raamwerk. Koherensie is die somtotaal van eenheid en betekenis soos wat dit in diskoers ervaar word. Dit het betrekking op dit wat bydra dat 'n teks vir taalgebruikers sin maak en samehang vertoon. Aangesien koherensie grootliks steun op die pragmatiek, is die fokus van hierdie afdeling van die studie grootliks pragmaties en word daar aangedui hoe die bestaan van bepaalde koordinate, 'n beginsel van samewerking en 'n spraakhandelingsteorie kan bydra tot gefundeerde insigte in die onderhawige teks.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

Diet of two Antarctic dragonfish (Pisces: Bathydraconidae) from the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean

  • Authors: Pakhomov, Evgeny A
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: Antarctica Bathydraconidae
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: vital:6943 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011970 , http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S095410209800008X
  • Description: The diet of Cygnodraco mawsoni Waite 1916 and Gymnodraco acuticeps Boulenger 1902 (Pisces: Bathydraconidae) was studied in the Cooperation and Cosmonaut seas in the depth range 200–400 m during the summer 1988. Stomach content analysis showed that both species are piscivorous predators but with different feeding habits. Cygnodraco mawsoni fed mostly on young notothenioid fish, regularly complementing these with pelagic, Euphausia superba, and benthic crustaceans, such as amphipod gammarids and mysids. In contrast, G. acuticeps relied mostly on mesopelagic fish of the family Myctophidae. Although C. mawsoni and G. acuticeps occupy similar depths in the Cosmonaut Sea, different feeding habits appear to limit the probability of interspecific competition for food.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

Disabling myth or writing for the world: the secondary schools language project in the Eastern Province, South Africa

  • Authors: Bleach, Jean
  • Date: 1998
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: vital:7016 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007170
  • Description: The majority of learners in South African schools are black, and they learn through English as a second language (L2). This contrasts with white students who learn through their first language (L1), English or Afrikaans. Most black students in South Africa are multilingual, and new developments in the curriculum promise to value this achievement. Even now, young black students display considerable competence in their written English when they use electronic links to communicate with fellow students and adults worldwide. Computers motivate students as writers and language learners. One of the many disabling myths that threatens to impede progress towards equity in educational outcomes in South Africa is the myth that teachers of writing in historically black schools will wait a very long time for the technologies of word processing and e-mail to be available to them. In the Eastern Province many schools have no telephones or electricity. The ANC Government is struggling to meet basic needs quickly and computers could then be used to promote equity among learners. In this study, students had only limited access to keyboard and e-mail facilities, yet the enthusiasm and concentration computers generated meant that they could leapfrog many hours of classroom instruction.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

Djourou

Ecological and morphological differentiation of the honeybees. Apis mellitera linnaeus (Hymenoptera: Apidae). of West Africa

  • Authors: Radloff, Sarah E , Hepburn, H Randall , Fuchs, S
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: To be catalogued
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/451832 , vital:75080 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/AJA10213589_253
  • Description: Morphometric characters of worker honeybees, Apis mellifera Linnaeus, were analysed by multivariate methods to characterize their populations in the sahelian, dry and wet tropical and equatorial regions of western and eastern Africa (mainly between 0 and 15 N latitude, 18 W and 39""E longitude). Two distinct morphocIusters and azoneof hybridization between them were identified. The bees are identified as Apis mellifera adansonii Latreille and A. m. jemenitica Ruttrter. The former subspecies is distributed in the equatorial and wet tropical regions, the latter in the dry tropical and sahelian eco-climatic zones. The hybrid zone extends into the two tropical and savanna biomes and it is suggested that the stability of the hybridization zone is largely the effect of extensive annual fire in the region.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

Ecological interactions on a rocky shore : the control of macroalgal distribution by intertidal grazers

  • Authors: Whittington-Jones, Kevin John
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: Limpets -- South Africa , Mollusks -- Ecology , Mollusks -- Feeding and feeds , Mollusks -- South Africa , Cryptogams , Cryptogams -- South Africa , Algae -- Control , Algae -- South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: vital:5665 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005350 , Limpets -- South Africa , Mollusks -- Ecology , Mollusks -- Feeding and feeds , Mollusks -- South Africa , Cryptogams , Cryptogams -- South Africa , Algae -- Control , Algae -- South Africa
  • Description: The aim of the present study was to determine the potential impact of intertidal grazers on the distribution of macro algae on the south coast of South Africa. Particular attention was paid to the large patellid limpet, Patella oculus, which is found thoughout the intertidal zone. Studies of gut contents revealed that Patella oculus was capable of ingesting not only the thallus of foliose (eg. Ulva spp.) and encrusting coralline macroalgae, but also spores and diatoms. The inclusion of these relatively small particles in the diet was surprising, as electron micrographs of the radula of P.oculus revealed that it is typically docoglossan in structure. Such radulae are thought to be poorly suited for collecting small food particles. Sand made up a significantly higher proportion of the gut contents than other particles at all shore heights, which suggests that P.oculus might be capable of excavating the rocky substratum, or of sweeping up sand, while searching for food. Analysis of the gut contents of other local herbivorous molluscs, was also carried out. These species included the winkles, Oxystele variegata and O.sinensis, and the small pulmonate limpets, Siphonaria concinna, S.capensis, and S.serrata. The guts of all species contained mainly spores and diatoms, although small fragments of Ulva sp. were found. The population structure of Patella oculus was investigated at two sites, Cannon Rocks and Old Woman's River. At Cannon Rocks, mean shell length of low-shore animals was significantly lower than that of both mid- and high-shore animals, while at Old Woman's River, no significant difference was found among shore heights. A regression equation for In (shell length) vs In (dry weight) was calculated, and based on length data, the biomass density (g dry mass.m⁻²) of P.oculus at Old Woman's River was estimated. Values ranged from 2.8 on the low- and midshore to 0.37 on the high-shore. A manipulative field experiment was used to determine the impact of mesograzers and macrograzers (such as Patella oculus) on the distribution of intertidal macro algae on the mid- and low-shore at Old Woman's River. Grazers were excluded using mesh cages (mesh size = 3mm), in two separate experiments, one in winter and the other in spring. Percentage cover of macroalgal species and sessile invertebrates was estimated at approximately 6 week intervals for up to 3 months. MANOV A showed that treatments did not significantly affect cover of macroalgae or barnacles during winter. However, towards the end of the spring experiment (midshore only) cover of barnacles and green foliose turfs did increase in those plots from which mesograzers and/or macro grazers were excluded. The failure of the statistical tests to detect significant differences at some time intervals may have been caused by high levels of variation among replicates. This suggests that factors other than grazing are of overriding importance in determining the distribution of local macroalgae. The existence of a possible symbiotic relationship between Patella oculus and the red foliose alga, Gelidium pristoides, was investigated. The availability of various substratum types, including rock, limpet shells, barnacles etc., and the proportion of the total cover of G.pristoides on each, was calculated. It was shown that a significantly higher proportion of the alga grew on limpet shells, although the availability of this substratum type was low. It is thought that the aggressive behaviour of P.oculus prevents all but juvenile Patella longicosta from grazing on its shell, thus providing a refuge from grazing for G.pristoides.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

Editorial

  • Authors: Irwin, Patrick R
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: To be catalogued
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/438730 , vital:73495 , xlink:href="https://www.ajol.info/index.php/sajee/article/view/137406"
  • Description: The 1998 EEASA Conference-and-Workshops meeting was a sound success. The Botswana organisers must be congratulated on convening such a convivial and stimulating event. The conference gave exposure to some of the environmental education research in progress in the region. While there is an exciting level of regional research activity, this is not adequately represented in the Southern African Journal of Environmental Education, or any other published forum for that matter. The SAJEE receives a rather small number of research papers from southern Africans for review; in addition the journal's referees and editors judge an even smaller number of these as suitable for publication. What this reflects, inter alia, is the need for environmental educators in the region to write more vigorously about their research.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

Employment equity - An 1 Introductory Workshop for Trade Unionists Organised by the COSATU Education Department

  • Authors: COSATU
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: COSATU
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/171887 , vital:42135
  • Description: This workshop is designed to give you a reliable introduction the Employment Equity Act. It is based on hard information and on ACTIVITIES or discussion exercises that will help you to understand how the Act works, who it covers, and what the implications are for trade unionists. Each of the Activities is complemented with information that will help you to understand the Act in more detail. Sections have been added to help you find further information, and to understand the terms that are used in the Act itself. In a two day programme, you are not going to be an 'expert' on the Employment Equity Act, but we hope that you will feel more confident about using the Act, especially in ensuring that it is used to address a wide range of discriminatory practices at the workplace. As with most legislation, the more that you begin to use it, the more its strengths and weaknesses will emerge. It is very important that any weaknesses in the practical application of the Act are reported through your Union to the Federation. This will help the Federation to campaign for improvements in the legislation, and to close any loopholes that allow employers to avoid their responsibilities.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

Employment Equity - An Introductory Workshop for Trade Unionists Organised by the COSATU Education Department

  • Authors: COSATU
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: COSATU
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/137128 , vital:37490
  • Description: This workshop is designed to give you a reliable introduction the Employment Equity Act. It is based on hard information and on ACTIVITIES or discussion exercises that will help you to understand how the Act works, who it covers , and what the implications are for trade unionists. Each of the Activities is complemented with information that will help you to understand the Act in more detail. Sections have been added to help you find further information, and to understand the terms that are used in the Act itself. In a two day programme, you are not going to be an 'expert' on the Employment Equity Act, but we hope that you will feel more confident about using the Act, especially in ensuring that it is used to address a wide range of discriminatory practices at the workplace. As with most legislation, the more that you begin to use it, the more its strengths and weaknesses will emerge. It is very important that any weaknesses in the practical application of the Act are reported through your Union to the Federation. This will help the Federation to campaign for improvements in t he legislation, and to close any loopholes that allow employers to avoid their responsibilities.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

English communication in the hospitality industry: the employees' perspective

  • Authors: Hobson, Josephine Mary
  • Date: 1998
  • Subjects: Hospitality industry -- Employees -- Training of -- South Africa , English language -- Study and teaching -- South Africa -- Foreign speakers
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MSocSc
  • Identifier: vital:2992 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002501 , Hospitality industry -- Employees -- Training of -- South Africa , English language -- Study and teaching -- South Africa -- Foreign speakers
  • Description: The purpose of this research project was to explore the English communicative competency of management and supervisory level employees within the South Mrican hospitality industry. The Pro lit English Written Assessment, a competency-based assessment tool, was used to establish a relatively objective measure of the English communicative competency of nineteen managers and supervisors. Thereafter thirteen of these respondents were interviewed to determine their perceptions of their English communicative competency and the impact thereof on their work situation, as well as their perceptions of their learning needs and recommendations for intervention. The researcher selected a multi-method approach to the investigation and sought both quantitative and qualitative data. The assessment revealed that the English reading and writing ability of the respondents is distinctly lower than their recorded education level and inadequate in relation to the tasks they are expected to perform at work. The interviews indicated that the respondents are not aware of their lack of English communicative competency or the implications thereof. However, the respondents expressed important insights into the factors that should be taken into account when planning an educational intervention III an organization. These included the need to incorporate English second language learning principles, to treat the learner as an individual, to involve the learner in the decision-making process, to consider the practical concerns of the learner and to ensure that the programme content is appropriate. Recommendations for human resource practices and research in the hospitality industry are presented.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

Eva's men : gender and power in the establishment of the Cape of Good Hope, 1652–74

  • Authors: Wells, Julia C
  • Date: 1998
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: vital:6148 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006811 , http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0021853798007300
  • Description: This article offers a fresh interpretation of the life of Krotoa/Eva, the famous Khoena interpreter of Jan Van Riebeeck, whose gender gave her a unique position in relation to both Dutch and Khoena society. It appears that her own people sent her to work for the Dutch as a young girl, both to serve as a token of goodwill, to gain prestige as the protegee of the household of a powerful leader and to become familiar with Dutch ways. The Dutch received her comfortably as a servant, child minder and companion for Van Riebeeck's young nieces. When Eva learned Dutch expertly, she quickly became their most trusted interpreter. The evidence also hints at an especially close and sensitive, possibly sexual, relationship between her and Van Riebeeck. When military conflicts left Eva identified as a Dutch collaborator, she contacted her sister's husband, chief Oedasoa. Her direct mediation enabled the Dutch to open up a profitable new trading enterprise with Oedasoa, who in turn used Eva as his personal agent within the Dutch community. Her unique position attracted the attention of a bright young employee of the Company, Pieter Van Meerhoff, who became her lover soon after his arrival at the Cape in 1659. Pieter became actively involved in northern expeditions of exploration and prided himself on his sensitivity and capacity to get on well with various Khoena chiefs. Eva continued as an interpreter, intermediary with Oedasoa and the couple had two children together. Eva and Pieter married only after Van Riebeeck left the Cape. Their decision to conform to the norms of Dutch society disappointed Oedasoa who had offered them enough livestock to establish an independent lifestyle but brought both much higher levels of respect from the Dutch, including significant promotions for Pieter. When Pieter was killed in 1666, heading up a trading mission to Mauritius, Eva's life sharply deteriorated. She died in 1674, accused of having become a drunken pest and prostitute. Eva's story exemplifies how an African woman in an early colonial encounter could manipulate a variety of gender roles. Seen as a safe intermediary by both Africans and Europeans, she built herself a unique career and formed a durable liaison with a spirited young man. However, as the nature of contact between the races deteriorated, her role as intermediary diminished in importance. Ultimately, without Pieter, she could not sustain her pivotal place in Dutch society, dying a miserable death. Her life reflects the rapidly changing nature of early colonial contacts.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

Evaluation of the proposed FDA pilot-dose response methodology for topical corticosteroid bioeqivalence testing [authors' reply in Letters to the Editor]

  • Authors: Smith, Eric W , Walker, Roderick B , Haigh, John M , Kanfer, Isadore
  • Date: 1998
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Article
  • Identifier: vital:6423 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006558
  • Description: Reply to: Letter to the Editor by Singh GJ; Fleischer N; Lesko L; Williams R - relating to original article in Pharmaceutical Research (USA), Mar 1997, vol. 14, pp. 303-308.
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  • Date Issued: 1998

Excursion to Granitberg and the Klinghardt Mountains, southern Namibia

  • Authors: Marsh, Julian S
  • Date: 1998
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , field guide
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/132118 , vital:36801
  • Description: Three small subvolcanic intrusions (Granitberg, Pomona and Drachenberg) and associated dykes of Cretaceous age, occur between Bogenfels and Prinzen Bucht, S of Luderitz, Namibia. This field trip will chiefly be concerned with rocks that have crystallized from magmas of nepheline syenite composition.
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  • Date Issued: 1998
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