Reaching sideways, writing our ways: the orientation of the arts of Africa discourse
- Simbao, Ruth K, Miko, William B, Ijisakin, Eyitayo T, Tchibozo, Romuald, Hwati, Masimba, NG-Yang, Kristin, Mudekereza, Patrick, Nalubowa, Aidah, Hyacinthe. Genevieve, Jason, Lee-Roy, Abdou, Eman, Chachage, Rehema, Tumusiime, Amanda, Sousa, Suzana, Muchemwa, Fadzai
- Authors: Simbao, Ruth K , Miko, William B , Ijisakin, Eyitayo T , Tchibozo, Romuald , Hwati, Masimba , NG-Yang, Kristin , Mudekereza, Patrick , Nalubowa, Aidah , Hyacinthe. Genevieve , Jason, Lee-Roy , Abdou, Eman , Chachage, Rehema , Tumusiime, Amanda , Sousa, Suzana , Muchemwa, Fadzai
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/145886 , vital:38475 , https://0-doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.1162/AFAR_a_00341
- Description: In Rehema Chachage's video installation, Kwa Baba Rithi Undugu (2010), sculptural objects representing old-fashioned transistor radios are mounted on the wall, side by side (Fig. 1). Embedded in each radio is a small video screen, which reveals a figure who stands in one place while the vertical line of the radio tuner crosses her body in search of the desired frequency (Figs. 2–3). A man's voice wafts in and out as it is periodically interrupted by unsolicited noise, revealing the difficulty of relating to others when sound is interrupted or there is an absence of voice. Voice, writes Chachage, is a “prerequisite for interlocution and the construction of discourse.” This work engages with the assertion that to “live means to participate in dialogue: to ask questions, to heed, to respond, to agree …” and to do so full heartedly with your “eyes, lips, hands, soul, spirit … whole body and deeds” (Bakhtin 1984:293).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Simbao, Ruth K , Miko, William B , Ijisakin, Eyitayo T , Tchibozo, Romuald , Hwati, Masimba , NG-Yang, Kristin , Mudekereza, Patrick , Nalubowa, Aidah , Hyacinthe. Genevieve , Jason, Lee-Roy , Abdou, Eman , Chachage, Rehema , Tumusiime, Amanda , Sousa, Suzana , Muchemwa, Fadzai
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/145886 , vital:38475 , https://0-doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.1162/AFAR_a_00341
- Description: In Rehema Chachage's video installation, Kwa Baba Rithi Undugu (2010), sculptural objects representing old-fashioned transistor radios are mounted on the wall, side by side (Fig. 1). Embedded in each radio is a small video screen, which reveals a figure who stands in one place while the vertical line of the radio tuner crosses her body in search of the desired frequency (Figs. 2–3). A man's voice wafts in and out as it is periodically interrupted by unsolicited noise, revealing the difficulty of relating to others when sound is interrupted or there is an absence of voice. Voice, writes Chachage, is a “prerequisite for interlocution and the construction of discourse.” This work engages with the assertion that to “live means to participate in dialogue: to ask questions, to heed, to respond, to agree …” and to do so full heartedly with your “eyes, lips, hands, soul, spirit … whole body and deeds” (Bakhtin 1984:293).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Reader in comedy
- Authors: Krueger, Anton
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/225684 , vital:49248 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1080/10137548.2017.1409523"
- Description: I really enjoyed this selection of excerpts on comedy. In 64 extracts, this comprehensive anthology covers 2375 years of mainly philosophical texts in 375 dense pages. From 360 BCE (Plato’s Philebus) to just the other day (Romanska’s Disability in Tragic and Comic Frame [2015]), this is an immense resource covering a lot of ground. The extracts don’t all apply specifically to theatre, though this is where the discussion begins, with the ancients. Later on, as new genres emerge, there are also entries relating to prose, film, story-telling and stand-up; but mainly, the writings have to do with laughter itself, and the role and function of comedy.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Krueger, Anton
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/225684 , vital:49248 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1080/10137548.2017.1409523"
- Description: I really enjoyed this selection of excerpts on comedy. In 64 extracts, this comprehensive anthology covers 2375 years of mainly philosophical texts in 375 dense pages. From 360 BCE (Plato’s Philebus) to just the other day (Romanska’s Disability in Tragic and Comic Frame [2015]), this is an immense resource covering a lot of ground. The extracts don’t all apply specifically to theatre, though this is where the discussion begins, with the ancients. Later on, as new genres emerge, there are also entries relating to prose, film, story-telling and stand-up; but mainly, the writings have to do with laughter itself, and the role and function of comedy.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Real-time audio spectrum analyser research, design, development and implementation using the 32 bit ARMR Cortex-M4 microcontroller
- Authors: Just, Stefan Antonio
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Spectrum analyzers , Sound -- Recording and reproducing -- Digital techniques , Real-time data processing
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/50536 , vital:25997
- Description: This thesis describes the design and testing of a low-cost hand-held real-time audio analyser (RTAA). This includes the design of an embedded system, the development of the firmware executed by the embedded system, and the implementation of a real-time signal processing algorithms. One of the objectives of this project was to design an alternative low-cost audio analyser to the current commercially available solutions. The device was tested with the audio standard test signal (pink noise) and was compared to the expected at-spectrum response corresponding to a balanced audio system. The design makes use of an 32-bit Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) processor core (ARM Cortex-M4), namely the STM32F4 family of microcontrollers. Due to the pin compatibility of the microcontroller (designed and manufactured by STMicroelectronics), the new development board can also be upgraded with the newly released Cortex-M7 microcontroller, namely the STM32F7 family of microcontrollers. Moreover, the low-cost hardware design features 256kB Random Access Memory (RAM); on-board Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) microphone; on-chip 12-bit Analogue-to-Digital (A/D) and Digital-to-Analogue (D/A) Converters; 3.2" Thin-Film-Transistor Liquid-Crystal Display (TFT-LCD) with a resistive touch screen sensor and SD-Card Socket. Furthermore, two additional expansion modules were designed and can extend the functionality of the designed real-time audio analyser. Firstly, an audio/video module featuring a professional 24-bit 192kHz sampling rate audio CODEC; balanced audio microphone input; unbalanced line output; three MEMS microphone inputs; headphone output; and a Video Graphics Array (VGA) controller allowing the display of the analysed audio spectrum on either a projector or monitor. The second expansion module features two external memories: 1MB Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) and 16MB Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SDRAM). While the two additional expansion modules were not completely utilised by the firmware presented in this thesis, upgrades of the real-time audio analyser firmware in future revisions will provide a higher performing and more accurate analysis of the audio spectrum. The full research and design process for the real-time audio analyser is discussed and both Problems and pitfalls with the final implemented design are highlighted and possible resolutions were investigated. The development costs (excluding labour) are given in the form of a bill of materials (BOM) with the total costs averaging around R1000. Moreover, the additional VGA controller could further decrease the overall costs with the removal of the TFT-LCD screen from the audio analyser and provided the external display was not included in the BOM.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Just, Stefan Antonio
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Spectrum analyzers , Sound -- Recording and reproducing -- Digital techniques , Real-time data processing
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/50536 , vital:25997
- Description: This thesis describes the design and testing of a low-cost hand-held real-time audio analyser (RTAA). This includes the design of an embedded system, the development of the firmware executed by the embedded system, and the implementation of a real-time signal processing algorithms. One of the objectives of this project was to design an alternative low-cost audio analyser to the current commercially available solutions. The device was tested with the audio standard test signal (pink noise) and was compared to the expected at-spectrum response corresponding to a balanced audio system. The design makes use of an 32-bit Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) processor core (ARM Cortex-M4), namely the STM32F4 family of microcontrollers. Due to the pin compatibility of the microcontroller (designed and manufactured by STMicroelectronics), the new development board can also be upgraded with the newly released Cortex-M7 microcontroller, namely the STM32F7 family of microcontrollers. Moreover, the low-cost hardware design features 256kB Random Access Memory (RAM); on-board Micro-Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) microphone; on-chip 12-bit Analogue-to-Digital (A/D) and Digital-to-Analogue (D/A) Converters; 3.2" Thin-Film-Transistor Liquid-Crystal Display (TFT-LCD) with a resistive touch screen sensor and SD-Card Socket. Furthermore, two additional expansion modules were designed and can extend the functionality of the designed real-time audio analyser. Firstly, an audio/video module featuring a professional 24-bit 192kHz sampling rate audio CODEC; balanced audio microphone input; unbalanced line output; three MEMS microphone inputs; headphone output; and a Video Graphics Array (VGA) controller allowing the display of the analysed audio spectrum on either a projector or monitor. The second expansion module features two external memories: 1MB Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) and 16MB Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SDRAM). While the two additional expansion modules were not completely utilised by the firmware presented in this thesis, upgrades of the real-time audio analyser firmware in future revisions will provide a higher performing and more accurate analysis of the audio spectrum. The full research and design process for the real-time audio analyser is discussed and both Problems and pitfalls with the final implemented design are highlighted and possible resolutions were investigated. The development costs (excluding labour) are given in the form of a bill of materials (BOM) with the total costs averaging around R1000. Moreover, the additional VGA controller could further decrease the overall costs with the removal of the TFT-LCD screen from the audio analyser and provided the external display was not included in the BOM.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Recent development concerning the unfair labour practice relating to promotion
- Authors: Sotshononda, Ndomelele
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Unfair labor practices -- South Africa Promotions -- South Africa , Labor laws and legislation -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , LLM
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14400 , vital:27581
- Description: This treatise considers the promotion process in the workplace and focuses on the meaning of promotion and the provisions of the Labour Relations Act, 66 of 19951 (Hereinafter referred to as the LRA) relating to promotion. It also considers unfair labour practices from an employee’s perspective. Chapter 2 of this treatise discusses the processes employers should follow when dealing with promotions. Neither the LRA nor the Constitution provides employees with a right to be promoted. However, the Constitution2 provides that all workers have the right to fair labour practices. The concept of unfair labour practices was introduced in South Africa in 1979 following the recommendations of the Wiehahn Commission. For a long time in South Africa the concept of unfair labour practice was defined in broad terms and included unprotected strikes and lockouts. It was left to the Industrial Court to determine conduct which constituted an unfair labour practice. The promulgation of LRA (which took effect in 1996) provided a clear definition of what constitute unfair labour practice in the workplace. The LRA provided a closed list of practices which constitute an unfair labour practice which provided as follows: “(a) unfair conduct by the employer relating to the promotion, demotion, probation (excluding disputes about dismissals for a reason relating to probation) or training of an employee or relating to the provision of benefits to an employee; (b) unfair suspension of an employee or any other unfair disciplinary action short of dismissal in respect of an employee; (c) a failure or refusal by an employer to reinstate or re-employ a former employee in terms of any agreement; and (d) an occupational detriment, other than dismissal, in contravention of the Protected Disclosures Act, 2000 (Act No. 26 of 2000), on account of the employee having made a protected disclosure defined in that Act.”The LRA brought about significant changes including the exemption of trade unions from committing unfair labour practice to the employers as it was the position under the old Act. There are conflicting views amongst employers and employees as well as labour law experts regarding the determination of the remedies available to applicants when unfairness has been proven in promotion disputes. It is has been observed that many awards has been successfully reviewed by employers, particularly awards that involves protective promotion. Chapter one will be an introduction regarding unfair labour practice, the originality of the concept and the changes and developments the concept has gone through. Chapter two will investigate the meaning of promotion in the workplace. This chapter will focus on the definition of promotion. Elements that constitute promotion will also be addressed. Chapter three considers the provisions of the LRA relating to unfair labour practice: promotion. However, the focus will be narrowed down from the definition of unfair labour practice to the issue of promotion as it is central to the study. Chapter four will examine the manner in which the applicants are differentiated. Furthermore, this chapter will also address the issue of whether the internal applicant should be given preference on the basis that he or she has been working in the organisation but not in the advertised post. Chapter five discusses the importance of substantive and procedural fairness in promotion processes. Chapter six examine the appropriate remedies for aggrieved applicants during the promotion process. A disappointed candidate has a statutory right to approach the relevant bargaining council to seek recourse with regard to the matter. The dispute must be referred to the CCMA within 90 days by the aggrieved applicant.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Sotshononda, Ndomelele
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Unfair labor practices -- South Africa Promotions -- South Africa , Labor laws and legislation -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , LLM
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14400 , vital:27581
- Description: This treatise considers the promotion process in the workplace and focuses on the meaning of promotion and the provisions of the Labour Relations Act, 66 of 19951 (Hereinafter referred to as the LRA) relating to promotion. It also considers unfair labour practices from an employee’s perspective. Chapter 2 of this treatise discusses the processes employers should follow when dealing with promotions. Neither the LRA nor the Constitution provides employees with a right to be promoted. However, the Constitution2 provides that all workers have the right to fair labour practices. The concept of unfair labour practices was introduced in South Africa in 1979 following the recommendations of the Wiehahn Commission. For a long time in South Africa the concept of unfair labour practice was defined in broad terms and included unprotected strikes and lockouts. It was left to the Industrial Court to determine conduct which constituted an unfair labour practice. The promulgation of LRA (which took effect in 1996) provided a clear definition of what constitute unfair labour practice in the workplace. The LRA provided a closed list of practices which constitute an unfair labour practice which provided as follows: “(a) unfair conduct by the employer relating to the promotion, demotion, probation (excluding disputes about dismissals for a reason relating to probation) or training of an employee or relating to the provision of benefits to an employee; (b) unfair suspension of an employee or any other unfair disciplinary action short of dismissal in respect of an employee; (c) a failure or refusal by an employer to reinstate or re-employ a former employee in terms of any agreement; and (d) an occupational detriment, other than dismissal, in contravention of the Protected Disclosures Act, 2000 (Act No. 26 of 2000), on account of the employee having made a protected disclosure defined in that Act.”The LRA brought about significant changes including the exemption of trade unions from committing unfair labour practice to the employers as it was the position under the old Act. There are conflicting views amongst employers and employees as well as labour law experts regarding the determination of the remedies available to applicants when unfairness has been proven in promotion disputes. It is has been observed that many awards has been successfully reviewed by employers, particularly awards that involves protective promotion. Chapter one will be an introduction regarding unfair labour practice, the originality of the concept and the changes and developments the concept has gone through. Chapter two will investigate the meaning of promotion in the workplace. This chapter will focus on the definition of promotion. Elements that constitute promotion will also be addressed. Chapter three considers the provisions of the LRA relating to unfair labour practice: promotion. However, the focus will be narrowed down from the definition of unfair labour practice to the issue of promotion as it is central to the study. Chapter four will examine the manner in which the applicants are differentiated. Furthermore, this chapter will also address the issue of whether the internal applicant should be given preference on the basis that he or she has been working in the organisation but not in the advertised post. Chapter five discusses the importance of substantive and procedural fairness in promotion processes. Chapter six examine the appropriate remedies for aggrieved applicants during the promotion process. A disappointed candidate has a statutory right to approach the relevant bargaining council to seek recourse with regard to the matter. The dispute must be referred to the CCMA within 90 days by the aggrieved applicant.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Reconfiguring the OMWESO board game: performing narratives of Buganda material culture
- Authors: Kirumira, Rose Namubiru
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/146512 , vital:38532 , https://www.ru.ac.za/artsofafrica/latestnews/presentationreconfiguringtheomwesoboardgameperformingnarrativesofbug.html
- Description: As a Writer in Residence in the Fine Art Department at Rhodes, she is pursuing research on the omweso board game, which she has reinterpreted in her own sculptural work in recent years. As a sculptor, Dr. Kirumira has produced exhibitions such as “Faces” (1996) and “Personalities” (2010) at Tulifanya Art Gallery in Kampala. Her strength is creating monumental sculptures, and she has produced a number of public monuments and projects such as the sculptures for the Don Bosco Vocational School Chapel, Kamuli, 1997. Working under the renowned Prof. Francis Naggenda, she made the statue of “King Ronald Mutebi” at the Buganda Parliament and the work “Family” at Mulago Hospital Kampala. She also made the two famous sculptures "Mother Uganda" and "UNDP" at the former UNDP Headquarters, and has produced monumental sculptures in Canada, Denmark and China.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Kirumira, Rose Namubiru
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/146512 , vital:38532 , https://www.ru.ac.za/artsofafrica/latestnews/presentationreconfiguringtheomwesoboardgameperformingnarrativesofbug.html
- Description: As a Writer in Residence in the Fine Art Department at Rhodes, she is pursuing research on the omweso board game, which she has reinterpreted in her own sculptural work in recent years. As a sculptor, Dr. Kirumira has produced exhibitions such as “Faces” (1996) and “Personalities” (2010) at Tulifanya Art Gallery in Kampala. Her strength is creating monumental sculptures, and she has produced a number of public monuments and projects such as the sculptures for the Don Bosco Vocational School Chapel, Kamuli, 1997. Working under the renowned Prof. Francis Naggenda, she made the statue of “King Ronald Mutebi” at the Buganda Parliament and the work “Family” at Mulago Hospital Kampala. She also made the two famous sculptures "Mother Uganda" and "UNDP" at the former UNDP Headquarters, and has produced monumental sculptures in Canada, Denmark and China.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Recovering AES-128 encryption keys from a Raspberry Pi
- Frieslaar, Ibraheem, Irwin, Barry V W
- Authors: Frieslaar, Ibraheem , Irwin, Barry V W
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/427740 , vital:72459 , https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ibraheem-Frieslaar/publication/320102039_Recovering_AES-128_Encryption_Keys_from_a_Raspberry_Pi/links/59ce34f1aca272b0ec1a4d96/Recovering-AES-128-Encryption-Keys-from-a-Raspberry-Pi.pdf
- Description: This research is the first of its kind to perform a successful side channel analysis attack on a symmetric encryption algorithm executing on a Raspberry Pi. It is demonstrated that the AES-128 encryption algorithm of the Crypto++ library is vulnerable against the Correlation Power Analysis (CPA) attack. Furthermore, digital processing techniques such as dynamic time warping and filtering are used to recovery the full encryption key. In Addition, it is illustrated that the area above and around the CPU of the Raspberry Pi leaks out critical and secret information.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Frieslaar, Ibraheem , Irwin, Barry V W
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/427740 , vital:72459 , https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ibraheem-Frieslaar/publication/320102039_Recovering_AES-128_Encryption_Keys_from_a_Raspberry_Pi/links/59ce34f1aca272b0ec1a4d96/Recovering-AES-128-Encryption-Keys-from-a-Raspberry-Pi.pdf
- Description: This research is the first of its kind to perform a successful side channel analysis attack on a symmetric encryption algorithm executing on a Raspberry Pi. It is demonstrated that the AES-128 encryption algorithm of the Crypto++ library is vulnerable against the Correlation Power Analysis (CPA) attack. Furthermore, digital processing techniques such as dynamic time warping and filtering are used to recovery the full encryption key. In Addition, it is illustrated that the area above and around the CPU of the Raspberry Pi leaks out critical and secret information.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Recovering AES-128 encryption keys from a Raspberry Pi
- Frieslaar, Ibraheem, Irwin, Barry V W
- Authors: Frieslaar, Ibraheem , Irwin, Barry V W
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/428383 , vital:72507 , https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ibraheem-Frieslaar/publication/320102039_Recovering_AES-128_Encryption_Keys_from_a_Raspberry_Pi/links/59ce34f1aca272b0ec1a4d96/Recovering-AES-128-Encryption-Keys-from-a-Raspberry-Pi.pdf
- Description: This research is the first of its kind to perform a successful side channel analysis attack on a symmetric encryption algorithm executing on a Raspberry Pi. It is demonstrated that the AES-128 encryption algorithm of the Crypto++ library is vulnerable against the Correlation Power Analysis (CPA) attack. Furthermore, digital processing techniques such as dynamic time warping and filtering are used to recovery the full en-cryption key. In Addition, it is illustrated that the area above and around the CPU of the Raspberry Pi leaks out critical and secret information.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Frieslaar, Ibraheem , Irwin, Barry V W
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/428383 , vital:72507 , https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Ibraheem-Frieslaar/publication/320102039_Recovering_AES-128_Encryption_Keys_from_a_Raspberry_Pi/links/59ce34f1aca272b0ec1a4d96/Recovering-AES-128-Encryption-Keys-from-a-Raspberry-Pi.pdf
- Description: This research is the first of its kind to perform a successful side channel analysis attack on a symmetric encryption algorithm executing on a Raspberry Pi. It is demonstrated that the AES-128 encryption algorithm of the Crypto++ library is vulnerable against the Correlation Power Analysis (CPA) attack. Furthermore, digital processing techniques such as dynamic time warping and filtering are used to recovery the full en-cryption key. In Addition, it is illustrated that the area above and around the CPU of the Raspberry Pi leaks out critical and secret information.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Recreational resource management in Nelson Mandela Bay: a choice experiment application
- Authors: Ntshangase, Sindiswa
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Beaches -- Recreational use -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Recreational surveys -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Recreation areas -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/19608 , vital:28904
- Description: This dissertation represents one of the limited South African studies that attempts to estimate the recreational value of the identified set of bathing beaches within the local municipal area of the Nelson Mandela Bay (NMB). More formally, this research presents the findings of selected stated preference study used for the monetary measurement of the benefits of the improvements to the NMB bathing coastlines. Using the choice experiment method, this dissertation examines the beach users’ preferences for beach management at various beaches in NMB. The choice experiment analysis was designed to elicit individuals’ willingness to pay for the selected changes. The results are used to assess the relative importance of each beach characteristic identified. The survey is implemented on the users of beaches in NMB. The beach characteristics or attributes by focus group discussions were namely (1) bathing water quality (2) public safety by means of visible policing (3) the presence of dog mess on beaches and (4) availability of lifeguards on duty. The monetary attribute selected by focus groups as most appropriate was an additional environmental water charge. The five attributes had varying levels, one corresponding to the current scenario (status quo) and the other levels to the marginal change. These attributes and their levels were combined to generate different management options, each associated with a 'monetary price'. Respondents were asked to choose their preferred alternative within the choice sets, each consisting of three management options where one alternative was the status quo. The estimation strategy consisted of estimating a conditional logit model. Results revealed that people are willing to pay to (1) keep the water quality at the excellent current level (2) for improvements in public safety through visible policing (3) the continued of the presence of dogs on beaches and (4) for an increase in the number of lifesavers on the bathing beaches. The findings of the analysis are used to inform the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality (NMBM) on the improvements most preferred by beach users in the context of beach management.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Ntshangase, Sindiswa
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Beaches -- Recreational use -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Recreational surveys -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Recreation areas -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/19608 , vital:28904
- Description: This dissertation represents one of the limited South African studies that attempts to estimate the recreational value of the identified set of bathing beaches within the local municipal area of the Nelson Mandela Bay (NMB). More formally, this research presents the findings of selected stated preference study used for the monetary measurement of the benefits of the improvements to the NMB bathing coastlines. Using the choice experiment method, this dissertation examines the beach users’ preferences for beach management at various beaches in NMB. The choice experiment analysis was designed to elicit individuals’ willingness to pay for the selected changes. The results are used to assess the relative importance of each beach characteristic identified. The survey is implemented on the users of beaches in NMB. The beach characteristics or attributes by focus group discussions were namely (1) bathing water quality (2) public safety by means of visible policing (3) the presence of dog mess on beaches and (4) availability of lifeguards on duty. The monetary attribute selected by focus groups as most appropriate was an additional environmental water charge. The five attributes had varying levels, one corresponding to the current scenario (status quo) and the other levels to the marginal change. These attributes and their levels were combined to generate different management options, each associated with a 'monetary price'. Respondents were asked to choose their preferred alternative within the choice sets, each consisting of three management options where one alternative was the status quo. The estimation strategy consisted of estimating a conditional logit model. Results revealed that people are willing to pay to (1) keep the water quality at the excellent current level (2) for improvements in public safety through visible policing (3) the continued of the presence of dogs on beaches and (4) for an increase in the number of lifesavers on the bathing beaches. The findings of the analysis are used to inform the Nelson Mandela Bay Metropolitan Municipality (NMBM) on the improvements most preferred by beach users in the context of beach management.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Red cotton
- Authors: Gantsho, Vangile
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Creative writing (Higher education) South Africa , South African poetry (English) 21st century , South African poetry (English) Black authors , Lesbians, Black Poetry
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/7213 , vital:21229
- Description: My collection of poetry is a deeply personal exploration of what it means to be black, queer, and woman in modern-day South Africa. I interrogate being non-conformist in both a traditional-cultural upbringing and a more liberal yet equally-oppressive urban socialisation. I question what we are taught about the body and the feminine sexual space, while also addressing the mother-daughter relationship as the first and most constant reference of womanhood. The collection moves fluidly between the erotic, the uncomfortable and grotesque, what is painful, and what is beautiful and longed-for. Working promiscuously across forms, I employ prose poetry, interspersed with lyrical interludes, in an attempt at a narrative effect similar to what Claudia Rankine achieves in Don't Let Me Be Lonely. I also draw from writers such as Calixthe Beyala (Your Name Shall Be Tanga), and Janice Lee (Damnation), as well as sex guides, women's blogs, and feminist poetry.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Gantsho, Vangile
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Creative writing (Higher education) South Africa , South African poetry (English) 21st century , South African poetry (English) Black authors , Lesbians, Black Poetry
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/7213 , vital:21229
- Description: My collection of poetry is a deeply personal exploration of what it means to be black, queer, and woman in modern-day South Africa. I interrogate being non-conformist in both a traditional-cultural upbringing and a more liberal yet equally-oppressive urban socialisation. I question what we are taught about the body and the feminine sexual space, while also addressing the mother-daughter relationship as the first and most constant reference of womanhood. The collection moves fluidly between the erotic, the uncomfortable and grotesque, what is painful, and what is beautiful and longed-for. Working promiscuously across forms, I employ prose poetry, interspersed with lyrical interludes, in an attempt at a narrative effect similar to what Claudia Rankine achieves in Don't Let Me Be Lonely. I also draw from writers such as Calixthe Beyala (Your Name Shall Be Tanga), and Janice Lee (Damnation), as well as sex guides, women's blogs, and feminist poetry.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Refocusing the traumatic past (an essay in two parts):
- Authors: de Jager, Maureen
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/147380 , vital:38631 , https://0-hdl.handle.net.wam.seals.ac.za/10520/EJC-a867f5bb0
- Description: In the greater landscape of South Africa’s traumatic past, the South African War of 1899-1902 is arguably “old history”, surpassed in time and importance by more pressing traumas. Moreover, because it was usurped by Afrikaner nationalism as a myth of national origin and used to justify claims of Afrikaner sovereignty, it is also often seen as “old Afrikaner history”: at best, an episode of limited relevance to the many South Africans effectively written out of this narrative; at worst, a platform for nostalgic hankering by a conservative few.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: de Jager, Maureen
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/147380 , vital:38631 , https://0-hdl.handle.net.wam.seals.ac.za/10520/EJC-a867f5bb0
- Description: In the greater landscape of South Africa’s traumatic past, the South African War of 1899-1902 is arguably “old history”, surpassed in time and importance by more pressing traumas. Moreover, because it was usurped by Afrikaner nationalism as a myth of national origin and used to justify claims of Afrikaner sovereignty, it is also often seen as “old Afrikaner history”: at best, an episode of limited relevance to the many South Africans effectively written out of this narrative; at worst, a platform for nostalgic hankering by a conservative few.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Reform-based approaches in the learning and teaching for conceptual understanding of calculus for diploma studies at south african university
- Authors: Coetzee, Johanna
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Calculus Mathematics -- Study and teaching
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/4959 , vital:28878
- Description: This research tested whether Reform-Based Approaches (RBAs) in the learning and teaching of calculus could lead to improved conceptual understanding. The study adopted positivistic paradigm, quantitative approach and pre- and post-test in a quasi-experimental design. The theoretical framework was Constructivism. The interventions were grounded on learner-centred RBAs including Interactive Engagement (IE), Peer Discussion (PD) and Good Questions (GQ). The experimental group comprised 119 volunteering students from a population of 461 registered for Mathematics as a service subject for the National Diploma (ND) in science or engineering at a South African university. Those not in the experimental group were taught through teacher-centred traditional approaches which have been the norm. However, only 71 out of those in the traditionally taught cohort volunteered to write both Pre- and Post-tests. As such, the total number of subjects in the study was 190, i.e., 119 from the Reform-Based cohort and 71 from the Traditional cohort. The instrument, the Calculus Concept Inventory for Technicians (CCIT), consisted of 19 questions on functions, differentiation and integration. Based on a pilot test, the instrument was improved. The Reform-Based cohort did not receive any participation reward and test scores did not contribute to promotion scores. The students wrote Pre-tests in the second week after commencement of lectures and Post-tests during the last week of lectures. The data were analysed using various statistical tools, tests and measures such as Chi-squares, Student t-tests, Pearson’s Product Moment correlation, Cronbach alpha, KR-20, the Difficulty Index, and Item Discrimination Point Biserial Index (PBI). The raw gain and normalised gains were also employed in data analyses. The main finding of this study was that RBA made a significant impact on the conceptual understanding of calculus of the experimental group. The gain achieved by the experimental group was in a low range and corresponded to the low use of IE (25% of contact time). A combination of RBA with Traditional teaching is recommended. Also, RBA will be most successfully introduced if supplemented and complemented through supportive environments.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Coetzee, Johanna
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Calculus Mathematics -- Study and teaching
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/4959 , vital:28878
- Description: This research tested whether Reform-Based Approaches (RBAs) in the learning and teaching of calculus could lead to improved conceptual understanding. The study adopted positivistic paradigm, quantitative approach and pre- and post-test in a quasi-experimental design. The theoretical framework was Constructivism. The interventions were grounded on learner-centred RBAs including Interactive Engagement (IE), Peer Discussion (PD) and Good Questions (GQ). The experimental group comprised 119 volunteering students from a population of 461 registered for Mathematics as a service subject for the National Diploma (ND) in science or engineering at a South African university. Those not in the experimental group were taught through teacher-centred traditional approaches which have been the norm. However, only 71 out of those in the traditionally taught cohort volunteered to write both Pre- and Post-tests. As such, the total number of subjects in the study was 190, i.e., 119 from the Reform-Based cohort and 71 from the Traditional cohort. The instrument, the Calculus Concept Inventory for Technicians (CCIT), consisted of 19 questions on functions, differentiation and integration. Based on a pilot test, the instrument was improved. The Reform-Based cohort did not receive any participation reward and test scores did not contribute to promotion scores. The students wrote Pre-tests in the second week after commencement of lectures and Post-tests during the last week of lectures. The data were analysed using various statistical tools, tests and measures such as Chi-squares, Student t-tests, Pearson’s Product Moment correlation, Cronbach alpha, KR-20, the Difficulty Index, and Item Discrimination Point Biserial Index (PBI). The raw gain and normalised gains were also employed in data analyses. The main finding of this study was that RBA made a significant impact on the conceptual understanding of calculus of the experimental group. The gain achieved by the experimental group was in a low range and corresponded to the low use of IE (25% of contact time). A combination of RBA with Traditional teaching is recommended. Also, RBA will be most successfully introduced if supplemented and complemented through supportive environments.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Regulation of cell biology by extracellular species of the Hsp90- Hsp70 organising protein (Hop)
- Authors: Höft, Maxine Allison
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/59199 , vital:27465
- Description: Expected release date-April 2019
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Höft, Maxine Allison
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/59199 , vital:27465
- Description: Expected release date-April 2019
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Reimag [in] ing the village as a portrait of a nation-state in Uganda:
- Authors: Kakande, Angelo
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/145642 , vital:38454 , https://doi.org/10.1162/AFAR_a_00343
- Description: In this article I reexamine the ways in which certain contemporary artists based in Uganda problematize the narrative that the ruling National Resistance Movement (the NRM) party is the party of the rural poor (Cheeseman, Lynch, and Willis 2016) in their work while using it as a metaphor to inform their visual expression. I focus on the contest between tradition (imagined as a village) and modernity (imagined as a modern state), as well as the dilemma such a contest causes for a contemporary artist. Cornelius Adepegba (1995) argues that this dilemma influenced the African novel. Agreeing with Adepegba, Freeborn Odiboh (2009) observes that the same dilemma has shaped African visual artists, such as Abayomi Barber, and formal art education institutions like the Barber School in Nigeria; Odiboh then assesses the historical context in which this dilemma evolved as African nationalists struggled to forge postcolonial states based on a national consciousness amid competing ethnic, religious, and ideological interests.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Kakande, Angelo
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/145642 , vital:38454 , https://doi.org/10.1162/AFAR_a_00343
- Description: In this article I reexamine the ways in which certain contemporary artists based in Uganda problematize the narrative that the ruling National Resistance Movement (the NRM) party is the party of the rural poor (Cheeseman, Lynch, and Willis 2016) in their work while using it as a metaphor to inform their visual expression. I focus on the contest between tradition (imagined as a village) and modernity (imagined as a modern state), as well as the dilemma such a contest causes for a contemporary artist. Cornelius Adepegba (1995) argues that this dilemma influenced the African novel. Agreeing with Adepegba, Freeborn Odiboh (2009) observes that the same dilemma has shaped African visual artists, such as Abayomi Barber, and formal art education institutions like the Barber School in Nigeria; Odiboh then assesses the historical context in which this dilemma evolved as African nationalists struggled to forge postcolonial states based on a national consciousness amid competing ethnic, religious, and ideological interests.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Reimagining our missing histories: Eria Nsubuga SANE and Sikhumbuzo Makandula in conversational partnership
- Makandula, Sikhumbuzo, Nsubuga, Eria
- Authors: Makandula, Sikhumbuzo , Nsubuga, Eria
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/145620 , vital:38452 , https://0-doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.1162/AFAR_a_00345
- Description: While an interview could be described as a view among, between, betwixt, or in the midst of two subjects—from s'entrevoir (see each other); entre (between) and vue (view)—many interviews in art history are hierarchical not only in the sense of an interviewer “authoring” the material received from the respondent, but also in the sense of the theorist or writer shaping the ideas of the practitioner. As discussed in the First Word, “Situating Africa,” there is a tendency for writers in the “north” to theorize the professional practice of artists in the “south,” developing what Gordon Lewis (2006) refers to as a geography of reason. In their book Qualitative Interviewing: The Art of Hearing Data, Herbert J. Rubin and Irene S. Rubin (2012:7) develop the term “conversational partnership” to describe two or more participants who play an active role in shaping content as they cocreate meaning. This conversational partnership between two artists—one based in Uganda and the other based in South Africa—developed out of the publishing workshop at Rhodes University in June 2016, which aimed to approach the creation of knowledge from the perspective of “sideways learning” (see “Reaching Sideways, Writing Our Ways” in this issue). —Ruth Simbao.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Makandula, Sikhumbuzo , Nsubuga, Eria
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/145620 , vital:38452 , https://0-doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.1162/AFAR_a_00345
- Description: While an interview could be described as a view among, between, betwixt, or in the midst of two subjects—from s'entrevoir (see each other); entre (between) and vue (view)—many interviews in art history are hierarchical not only in the sense of an interviewer “authoring” the material received from the respondent, but also in the sense of the theorist or writer shaping the ideas of the practitioner. As discussed in the First Word, “Situating Africa,” there is a tendency for writers in the “north” to theorize the professional practice of artists in the “south,” developing what Gordon Lewis (2006) refers to as a geography of reason. In their book Qualitative Interviewing: The Art of Hearing Data, Herbert J. Rubin and Irene S. Rubin (2012:7) develop the term “conversational partnership” to describe two or more participants who play an active role in shaping content as they cocreate meaning. This conversational partnership between two artists—one based in Uganda and the other based in South Africa—developed out of the publishing workshop at Rhodes University in June 2016, which aimed to approach the creation of knowledge from the perspective of “sideways learning” (see “Reaching Sideways, Writing Our Ways” in this issue). —Ruth Simbao.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Relationship between migraine triggers, auras and treatment
- Authors: Louwrens, Bernadette
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Migraine -- Treatment Headache -- Treatment , Insomnia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPharm
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/18266 , vital:28611
- Description: Background: Migraine trigger factors are precipitating factors that can contribute to an attack by increasing the probability of a migraine occurring. For some migraineurs, the headache phase is preceded by a transient disturbance in neurological function (an aura). An aura could be visual or sensory in nature. There are medications that can be used to treat a migraine attack when it occurs (acute medication) and medication that can be used to reduce frequency and severity of migraine attacks (prophylactic medication). Objectives: The primary aim of the study was to identify if there was a relationship between migraine trigger factors, auras and treatment. Methods: The study was conducted in 2014 in Port Elizabeth and consisted of two self-administered questionnaire-based surveys, one for pharmacists and one for migraine patients. Migraine patient questionnaires were distributed to migraine patients who frequented pharmacies, physiotherapy practices and health shops. A total of 18 pharmacist questionnaires and 173 migraine patient questionnaires were analysed. Results: Experiencing an aura before a migraine attack was reported by 43.9% of respondents and only “sometimes” by 22.5% of respondents. Visual auras were experienced by 92.0% of respondents who indicated that they suffered from migraine with aura and sensory auras were experienced by 71.5% of respondents, with 62.8% of respondents experiencing both visual and sensory auras. Trigger factors were experienced by 89.0% of respondents. There was no statistical relationship between aura and trigger factors, but there was a statistical relationship between trigger factors and visual aura at the 5% level (Chi-square = 7.966, d.f. = 1, p-value = 0.005). Cramér’s V showed a small practical significance at 0.218. About 80.0% of respondents used over-the-counter (OTC) medication and only 12.6% used migraine specific medication to abort a migraine attack. There was no statistical relationship between aura (visual or sensory) and abortive medication. There was a statistical relationship between abortive medication and the presence of trigger factors (Chi-square = 8.775, d.f. = 3, p-value = 0.032). Cramér’s V showed a small practical significance at 0.244. There was no statistical relationship in the presence of trigger factors between aura and abortive medication. Conclusion: Migraine is a complex disease which affects people of all ages. There appears to be a statistical relationship between visual auras and trigger factors and between abortive medication and trigger factors. There was, however, no statistical relationship between aura and abortive medication in the presence of trigger factors. Further studies need to be conducted to substantiate these findings.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Louwrens, Bernadette
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Migraine -- Treatment Headache -- Treatment , Insomnia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPharm
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/18266 , vital:28611
- Description: Background: Migraine trigger factors are precipitating factors that can contribute to an attack by increasing the probability of a migraine occurring. For some migraineurs, the headache phase is preceded by a transient disturbance in neurological function (an aura). An aura could be visual or sensory in nature. There are medications that can be used to treat a migraine attack when it occurs (acute medication) and medication that can be used to reduce frequency and severity of migraine attacks (prophylactic medication). Objectives: The primary aim of the study was to identify if there was a relationship between migraine trigger factors, auras and treatment. Methods: The study was conducted in 2014 in Port Elizabeth and consisted of two self-administered questionnaire-based surveys, one for pharmacists and one for migraine patients. Migraine patient questionnaires were distributed to migraine patients who frequented pharmacies, physiotherapy practices and health shops. A total of 18 pharmacist questionnaires and 173 migraine patient questionnaires were analysed. Results: Experiencing an aura before a migraine attack was reported by 43.9% of respondents and only “sometimes” by 22.5% of respondents. Visual auras were experienced by 92.0% of respondents who indicated that they suffered from migraine with aura and sensory auras were experienced by 71.5% of respondents, with 62.8% of respondents experiencing both visual and sensory auras. Trigger factors were experienced by 89.0% of respondents. There was no statistical relationship between aura and trigger factors, but there was a statistical relationship between trigger factors and visual aura at the 5% level (Chi-square = 7.966, d.f. = 1, p-value = 0.005). Cramér’s V showed a small practical significance at 0.218. About 80.0% of respondents used over-the-counter (OTC) medication and only 12.6% used migraine specific medication to abort a migraine attack. There was no statistical relationship between aura (visual or sensory) and abortive medication. There was a statistical relationship between abortive medication and the presence of trigger factors (Chi-square = 8.775, d.f. = 3, p-value = 0.032). Cramér’s V showed a small practical significance at 0.244. There was no statistical relationship in the presence of trigger factors between aura and abortive medication. Conclusion: Migraine is a complex disease which affects people of all ages. There appears to be a statistical relationship between visual auras and trigger factors and between abortive medication and trigger factors. There was, however, no statistical relationship between aura and abortive medication in the presence of trigger factors. Further studies need to be conducted to substantiate these findings.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Relative features of the principal and secondary luminescence lifetimes in quartz
- Chithambo, Makaiko L, Ogundare, F O
- Authors: Chithambo, Makaiko L , Ogundare, F O
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/125821 , vital:35820 , https://doi.10.1002/pssc.200673721
- Description: Quartz is a common natural mineral with properties that make it amenable for application in radiation dosimetry using luminescence methods [1]. The luminescence properties of quartz including its sensitivity and luminescence lifetimes undergo notable changes when the quartz is annealed, and in particular, near its phase inversion temperatures of 573 and 867 oC [2, 3]. The physical processes leading up to the emission of luminescence in quartz may be investigated using time-resolved optical stimulation. The aim of this method is to separate in time the stimulation and emission of luminescence to enable measurement of time-resolved luminescence spectra which may be resolved into associated lifetimes, defined in this sense as the delay between stimulation and emission of luminescence [4, 5]. A number of such studies show that annealing defines the detailed distribution of lifetimes with measurement temperature as well as the irradiation-dependent characteristics of the lifetimes [3, 6]. In particular, it was noted [3] that spectra measured at certain temperatures could be accurately resolved into more than one component, a scenario that pointed to the possibility of involvement of multiple luminescence centers in the emission of luminescence from quartz. The aim of this work is to build on the findings described, specifically to study the influence of measurement temperature and irradiation on the principal and subsidiary luminescence lifetimes in natural quartz.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Chithambo, Makaiko L , Ogundare, F O
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/125821 , vital:35820 , https://doi.10.1002/pssc.200673721
- Description: Quartz is a common natural mineral with properties that make it amenable for application in radiation dosimetry using luminescence methods [1]. The luminescence properties of quartz including its sensitivity and luminescence lifetimes undergo notable changes when the quartz is annealed, and in particular, near its phase inversion temperatures of 573 and 867 oC [2, 3]. The physical processes leading up to the emission of luminescence in quartz may be investigated using time-resolved optical stimulation. The aim of this method is to separate in time the stimulation and emission of luminescence to enable measurement of time-resolved luminescence spectra which may be resolved into associated lifetimes, defined in this sense as the delay between stimulation and emission of luminescence [4, 5]. A number of such studies show that annealing defines the detailed distribution of lifetimes with measurement temperature as well as the irradiation-dependent characteristics of the lifetimes [3, 6]. In particular, it was noted [3] that spectra measured at certain temperatures could be accurately resolved into more than one component, a scenario that pointed to the possibility of involvement of multiple luminescence centers in the emission of luminescence from quartz. The aim of this work is to build on the findings described, specifically to study the influence of measurement temperature and irradiation on the principal and subsidiary luminescence lifetimes in natural quartz.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Release success of captive bred Cape Vultures (Gyps coprotheres) in the Magaliesberg Mountains, South Africa
- Authors: Hirschauer, Maggie
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Vultures -- South Africa -- Magaliesburg , Vultures -- South Africa -- Behavior
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/4743 , vital:20720
- Description: The Cape Vulture, Gyps coprotheres, is currently classified as ‘endangered’. Endemic to southern Africa, its population has declined continuously over the past 40 years. The species is facing multiple anthropogenic threats. Notably, birds frequently collide with power lines and some cannot be released after treatment. This has led to the establishment of a captive breeding population with the hope that captive bred young can supplement wild populations and re-establish a now- abandoned breeding colony in the Magaliesberg Mountains, South Africa. This study aimed to follow the breeding behaviours of the captive colony and assess the appropriateness of chick rearing conditions. The study also aimed to monitor the behaviour, physical condition and dispersal of ten captive bred vultures after release in relation to their age. Behavioural observations of captive adult breeding and parental behaviours were conducted to establish whether chicks developed under comparable conditions to wild chicks. A high percentage of total colony copulation attempts (22 %) were extra-pair copulations. Four paired males formed ephemeral extra-pair relationships, two of which were homosexual. Chicks fledged earlier than wild chicks, on average at 128 days old. Wild and captive bred birds were observed at carcasses to compare competitive and feeding behaviours. Older birds, both wild and captive, fed the most efficiently. Preliminary evidence suggests females are more dominant and have higher display rates than males. Captive bred juvenile and four year old birds’ competitive and feeding behaviours (interaction rate, feeding rate, display rate, dominance, aggressiveness, and feeding efficiency) were the closest to, but still generally below, average values for same-aged wild birds. An index of body condition, body mass, and the prevalence of fault bars on the rectrices were used to assess their physical condition. After eight months, none of the ten birds had moved more than 8 km from the release site, nor had they foraged away from the vulture restaurant on site. Although altitude records of > 3100 m were recorded, their flight skills seemed inadequate. Future management considerations include the initiation of a pre-release exercise regime, the establishment of an acclimatization enclosure removed from the breeding site, and a varied or reduced post-release feeding schedule. Fledglings should be relocated and housed at the release enclosure until they are four years old.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Hirschauer, Maggie
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Vultures -- South Africa -- Magaliesburg , Vultures -- South Africa -- Behavior
- Language: English
- Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/4743 , vital:20720
- Description: The Cape Vulture, Gyps coprotheres, is currently classified as ‘endangered’. Endemic to southern Africa, its population has declined continuously over the past 40 years. The species is facing multiple anthropogenic threats. Notably, birds frequently collide with power lines and some cannot be released after treatment. This has led to the establishment of a captive breeding population with the hope that captive bred young can supplement wild populations and re-establish a now- abandoned breeding colony in the Magaliesberg Mountains, South Africa. This study aimed to follow the breeding behaviours of the captive colony and assess the appropriateness of chick rearing conditions. The study also aimed to monitor the behaviour, physical condition and dispersal of ten captive bred vultures after release in relation to their age. Behavioural observations of captive adult breeding and parental behaviours were conducted to establish whether chicks developed under comparable conditions to wild chicks. A high percentage of total colony copulation attempts (22 %) were extra-pair copulations. Four paired males formed ephemeral extra-pair relationships, two of which were homosexual. Chicks fledged earlier than wild chicks, on average at 128 days old. Wild and captive bred birds were observed at carcasses to compare competitive and feeding behaviours. Older birds, both wild and captive, fed the most efficiently. Preliminary evidence suggests females are more dominant and have higher display rates than males. Captive bred juvenile and four year old birds’ competitive and feeding behaviours (interaction rate, feeding rate, display rate, dominance, aggressiveness, and feeding efficiency) were the closest to, but still generally below, average values for same-aged wild birds. An index of body condition, body mass, and the prevalence of fault bars on the rectrices were used to assess their physical condition. After eight months, none of the ten birds had moved more than 8 km from the release site, nor had they foraged away from the vulture restaurant on site. Although altitude records of > 3100 m were recorded, their flight skills seemed inadequate. Future management considerations include the initiation of a pre-release exercise regime, the establishment of an acclimatization enclosure removed from the breeding site, and a varied or reduced post-release feeding schedule. Fledglings should be relocated and housed at the release enclosure until they are four years old.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Reliability analysis: assessment of hardware and human reliability
- Authors: Mafu, Masakheke
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Bayesian statistical decision theory , Reliability (Engineering) , Human machine systems , Probabilities , Markov processes
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6280 , vital:21077
- Description: Most reliability analyses involve the analysis of binary data. Practitioners in the field of reliability place great emphasis on analysing the time periods over which items or systems function (failure time analyses), which make use of different statistical models. This study intends to introduce, review and investigate four statistical models for modeling failure times of non-repairable items, and to utilise a Bayesian methodology to achieve this. The exponential, Rayleigh, gamma and Weibull distributions will be considered. The performance of the two non-informative priors will be investigated. An application of two failure time distributions will be carried out. To meet these objectives, the failure rate and the reliability functions of failure time distributions are calculated. Two non-informative priors, the Jeffreys prior and the general divergence prior, and the corresponding posteriors are derived for each distribution. Simulation studies for each distribution are carried out, where the coverage rates and credible intervals lengths are calculated and the results of these are discussed. The gamma distribution and the Weibull distribution are applied to failure time data.The Jeffreys prior is found to have better coverage rate than the general divergence prior. The general divergence shows undercoverage when used with the Rayleigh distribution. The Jeffreys prior produces coverage rates that are conservative when used with the exponential distribution. These priors give, on average, the same average interval lengths and increase as the value of the parameter increases. Both priors perform similar when used with the gamma distribution and the Weibull distribution. A thorough discussion and review of human reliability analysis (HRA) techniques will be considered. Twenty human reliability analysis (HRA) techniques are discussed; providing a background, description and advantages and disadvantages for each. Case studies in the nuclear industry, railway industry, and aviation industry are presented to show the importance and applications of HRA. Human error has been shown to be the major contributor to system failure.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Mafu, Masakheke
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Bayesian statistical decision theory , Reliability (Engineering) , Human machine systems , Probabilities , Markov processes
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6280 , vital:21077
- Description: Most reliability analyses involve the analysis of binary data. Practitioners in the field of reliability place great emphasis on analysing the time periods over which items or systems function (failure time analyses), which make use of different statistical models. This study intends to introduce, review and investigate four statistical models for modeling failure times of non-repairable items, and to utilise a Bayesian methodology to achieve this. The exponential, Rayleigh, gamma and Weibull distributions will be considered. The performance of the two non-informative priors will be investigated. An application of two failure time distributions will be carried out. To meet these objectives, the failure rate and the reliability functions of failure time distributions are calculated. Two non-informative priors, the Jeffreys prior and the general divergence prior, and the corresponding posteriors are derived for each distribution. Simulation studies for each distribution are carried out, where the coverage rates and credible intervals lengths are calculated and the results of these are discussed. The gamma distribution and the Weibull distribution are applied to failure time data.The Jeffreys prior is found to have better coverage rate than the general divergence prior. The general divergence shows undercoverage when used with the Rayleigh distribution. The Jeffreys prior produces coverage rates that are conservative when used with the exponential distribution. These priors give, on average, the same average interval lengths and increase as the value of the parameter increases. Both priors perform similar when used with the gamma distribution and the Weibull distribution. A thorough discussion and review of human reliability analysis (HRA) techniques will be considered. Twenty human reliability analysis (HRA) techniques are discussed; providing a background, description and advantages and disadvantages for each. Case studies in the nuclear industry, railway industry, and aviation industry are presented to show the importance and applications of HRA. Human error has been shown to be the major contributor to system failure.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Removal rate of endocrine disruptors (phthalates and phenolic compounds) in effluents of selected wastewater treatment plants operated under different treatment technologies in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Authors: Salaudeen, Taofeek Gbenga
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Water -- Purification Phenols
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/8552 , vital:33113
- Description: The presence of phthalate esters (PAEs) and certain phenolic compounds widely known as endocrine disruptors in environmental waters such as treated wastewaters constitutes health hazard to human and aquatic lives. Unfortunately, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) only partially remove these synthetic chemical compounds from wastewater. In order to forestall the health challenge faced by rural dwellers, which rely on surface water for their daily needs, the present study embarked on investigating these endocrine disruptors in Municipal wastewater in the Amathole and Buffalo Districts in the Eastern Cape, South Africa and their removal rate by different WWTP technologies. One WWTP each from Adelaide, Alice, Bedford, Berlin and Seymour, using activated sludge (AS), trickling filter (TF), and oxidation pond (OP) technology were randomly selected. Some physicochemical parameters of these wastewaters were determined on-site using standard methods and the extraction method for endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in water was validated using solid phase extraction (SPE). Extracts were analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Nine phenolic compounds; phenol (PH), 2-chlorophenol (2-CP), 2,4-dimethylphenol (2,4-DMP), 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), 4-chloro-3-methylphenol (4-C-3MP), 2-nitrophenol (2-NP), 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), pentachlorophenol (PCP), 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) and six priority PAEs namely; dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), di(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and di-n-octyl phthalate (DOP) were the investigated EDCs. PAEs were extracted from dried sludge samples in an ultrasonic bath using dichloromethane. Some physicochemical parameters of the wastewater assessed revealed that treatment processes of AS, TF, and OP reduced turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), and electrical conductivity (EC) while dissolved oxygen (DO) was increased. There was no significant influence on temperature and pH across the sampling points. Except for turbidity, the quality of effluent released mostly falls within South Africa standard limits for domestic and recreational water. The nine phenolic compounds were detected across the sampling points for all the WWTPs at different frequencies. The prominent phenolic compounds were 2-NP, 4-C-3MP, PCP, and 2,4-DMP with concentrations ranging from 3.3 (2,4-DMP) – 83.0 μgL-1 (4-C-3MP) in the influents. However, their concentrations in the effluents and receiving water bodies were below tolerable limits of 5 μgL-1 set by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and the European Union (EU) for domestic use. The removal capacities of the WWTPs varied between 33 and 96 percent. The six PAEs were detected in all water samples from all the WWTPs. DBP was the most abundant compound in all the sampling points and sometimes DEHP in some receiving waters. The maximum detection for DBP in influent, effluent, downstream and sludge were 2,488 μgL-1 (Alice), 26.47 μgL-1 (Adelaide), 115.3 μgL-1 (Seymour) and 1,249 μg/g dw (Alice), respectively. DEHP was the highest detected PAE in the upstream 17.53 μgL-1 (Seymour). There was a notable reduction of all PAEs in the final effluent with a removal efficiency which varied as much as 61.9 – 99.5 percent except for AS in Seymour which operated a single tank system (27.3 - 93.7 percent). Removal mechanisms continued more on adsorption on settling particles and sludge than biodegradation as this study found a high positive correlation between TSS, turbidity and PAEs removal. The concentrations of PAEs detected in the receiving waters were above 1.3 and 3μgL-1 limit standard set by the EU and USEPA, respectively for DEHP in surface water. Similarly, the average concentrations of DBP, BBP, DEHP and DOP which vary as much as 25.97 (BBP) – 1249 μg/g d.w (DBP) in sludge samples were above EU legislation of 100 μg/g d.w. for agricultural use. AS technology, showed a better performance in the removal of PAEs (77 – 99 percent), followed by TF (76 – 98 percent) and OP (61 – 98 percent). In conclusion, the PAE concentration in the WWTP effluents impacted negatively on the receiving water bodies and sewage sludge unlike the phenolic compounds that were notably reduced below the acceptable limits. Perhaps, due to the meagre amounts of the phenolic compounds that was detected entering the WWTPs. In order to avert the potential health risk to aquatic organisms’ and rural dwellers, it is exigent that constituted authorities gather more information on micro-pollutants in the environment as a basis for regulations on the use of these dangerous chemicals in industries.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Salaudeen, Taofeek Gbenga
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Water -- Purification Phenols
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/8552 , vital:33113
- Description: The presence of phthalate esters (PAEs) and certain phenolic compounds widely known as endocrine disruptors in environmental waters such as treated wastewaters constitutes health hazard to human and aquatic lives. Unfortunately, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) only partially remove these synthetic chemical compounds from wastewater. In order to forestall the health challenge faced by rural dwellers, which rely on surface water for their daily needs, the present study embarked on investigating these endocrine disruptors in Municipal wastewater in the Amathole and Buffalo Districts in the Eastern Cape, South Africa and their removal rate by different WWTP technologies. One WWTP each from Adelaide, Alice, Bedford, Berlin and Seymour, using activated sludge (AS), trickling filter (TF), and oxidation pond (OP) technology were randomly selected. Some physicochemical parameters of these wastewaters were determined on-site using standard methods and the extraction method for endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in water was validated using solid phase extraction (SPE). Extracts were analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Nine phenolic compounds; phenol (PH), 2-chlorophenol (2-CP), 2,4-dimethylphenol (2,4-DMP), 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), 4-chloro-3-methylphenol (4-C-3MP), 2-nitrophenol (2-NP), 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), pentachlorophenol (PCP), 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) and six priority PAEs namely; dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), di(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and di-n-octyl phthalate (DOP) were the investigated EDCs. PAEs were extracted from dried sludge samples in an ultrasonic bath using dichloromethane. Some physicochemical parameters of the wastewater assessed revealed that treatment processes of AS, TF, and OP reduced turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), and electrical conductivity (EC) while dissolved oxygen (DO) was increased. There was no significant influence on temperature and pH across the sampling points. Except for turbidity, the quality of effluent released mostly falls within South Africa standard limits for domestic and recreational water. The nine phenolic compounds were detected across the sampling points for all the WWTPs at different frequencies. The prominent phenolic compounds were 2-NP, 4-C-3MP, PCP, and 2,4-DMP with concentrations ranging from 3.3 (2,4-DMP) – 83.0 μgL-1 (4-C-3MP) in the influents. However, their concentrations in the effluents and receiving water bodies were below tolerable limits of 5 μgL-1 set by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and the European Union (EU) for domestic use. The removal capacities of the WWTPs varied between 33 and 96 percent. The six PAEs were detected in all water samples from all the WWTPs. DBP was the most abundant compound in all the sampling points and sometimes DEHP in some receiving waters. The maximum detection for DBP in influent, effluent, downstream and sludge were 2,488 μgL-1 (Alice), 26.47 μgL-1 (Adelaide), 115.3 μgL-1 (Seymour) and 1,249 μg/g dw (Alice), respectively. DEHP was the highest detected PAE in the upstream 17.53 μgL-1 (Seymour). There was a notable reduction of all PAEs in the final effluent with a removal efficiency which varied as much as 61.9 – 99.5 percent except for AS in Seymour which operated a single tank system (27.3 - 93.7 percent). Removal mechanisms continued more on adsorption on settling particles and sludge than biodegradation as this study found a high positive correlation between TSS, turbidity and PAEs removal. The concentrations of PAEs detected in the receiving waters were above 1.3 and 3μgL-1 limit standard set by the EU and USEPA, respectively for DEHP in surface water. Similarly, the average concentrations of DBP, BBP, DEHP and DOP which vary as much as 25.97 (BBP) – 1249 μg/g d.w (DBP) in sludge samples were above EU legislation of 100 μg/g d.w. for agricultural use. AS technology, showed a better performance in the removal of PAEs (77 – 99 percent), followed by TF (76 – 98 percent) and OP (61 – 98 percent). In conclusion, the PAE concentration in the WWTP effluents impacted negatively on the receiving water bodies and sewage sludge unlike the phenolic compounds that were notably reduced below the acceptable limits. Perhaps, due to the meagre amounts of the phenolic compounds that was detected entering the WWTPs. In order to avert the potential health risk to aquatic organisms’ and rural dwellers, it is exigent that constituted authorities gather more information on micro-pollutants in the environment as a basis for regulations on the use of these dangerous chemicals in industries.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Representing the unrepresentable: an exploration of gendered experiences of mental disorder
- Authors: Futcher, Charis Catheryn
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Mental illness in art , Women -- Mental health , Art, South African -- 21st century -- Exhibitions , Sculpture, South African -- 21st century -- Exhibitions , Women in art
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/42957 , vital:25252
- Description: Inspired by personal lived experiences of mental disorder; this thesis attempts to explore the representation of these complex conditions as they are deeply embedded in trauma, guilt, and stigma. The accompanying exhibition, The Inheritance, figures my own tendencies to contain and conceal my disorder, through the assembling of sculptural containers and their disordered contents. The work, presented as something surreal, comments on the complexities of being a woman with a disorder, as well as on the disease I experience in relation to a history of patriarchal ideologies and psychiatric containment that has informed understandings of ‘female madness’. Grounded in my interests in abjection and containment, the artistic processes of trying to express deeply personal experiences of distress allow for the resurfacing of underlying trauma, in regards to the memory of my mother’s struggle with Bipolar disorder and her subsequent estrangement. Instead of catharsis, the exhibition represents an inevitable failure to represent the unrepresentable, an experience inextricably bound to the history of gendered oppression and the repression of subjectivity by dominant powers of belief and control. Through my practice as research, I have ultimately grappled with my reluctance to represent my experience, precisely because the topic of mental disorder, though pervasive, is lived and felt by varying groups of people in different ways. As such, my intention is to avoid a reductive and narrow framing of what mental disorder entails. Similarly, I aim to avoid restrictive and presumptuous definitions of gender – recognizing that, historically, femininity is a contested category that has silenced many individuals who are not white, heterosexual or gender conforming. My literary research has been limited by these norms and silences, in that most texts detailing the historical visual treatment of disordered subjects fail to recognise the possibility of gender categories that transcend the binary masculinity and femininity. With these limitations in mind, my practice has allowed me to reflect upon the distress of generations of people who have been pathologised based on gender.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Futcher, Charis Catheryn
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Mental illness in art , Women -- Mental health , Art, South African -- 21st century -- Exhibitions , Sculpture, South African -- 21st century -- Exhibitions , Women in art
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/42957 , vital:25252
- Description: Inspired by personal lived experiences of mental disorder; this thesis attempts to explore the representation of these complex conditions as they are deeply embedded in trauma, guilt, and stigma. The accompanying exhibition, The Inheritance, figures my own tendencies to contain and conceal my disorder, through the assembling of sculptural containers and their disordered contents. The work, presented as something surreal, comments on the complexities of being a woman with a disorder, as well as on the disease I experience in relation to a history of patriarchal ideologies and psychiatric containment that has informed understandings of ‘female madness’. Grounded in my interests in abjection and containment, the artistic processes of trying to express deeply personal experiences of distress allow for the resurfacing of underlying trauma, in regards to the memory of my mother’s struggle with Bipolar disorder and her subsequent estrangement. Instead of catharsis, the exhibition represents an inevitable failure to represent the unrepresentable, an experience inextricably bound to the history of gendered oppression and the repression of subjectivity by dominant powers of belief and control. Through my practice as research, I have ultimately grappled with my reluctance to represent my experience, precisely because the topic of mental disorder, though pervasive, is lived and felt by varying groups of people in different ways. As such, my intention is to avoid a reductive and narrow framing of what mental disorder entails. Similarly, I aim to avoid restrictive and presumptuous definitions of gender – recognizing that, historically, femininity is a contested category that has silenced many individuals who are not white, heterosexual or gender conforming. My literary research has been limited by these norms and silences, in that most texts detailing the historical visual treatment of disordered subjects fail to recognise the possibility of gender categories that transcend the binary masculinity and femininity. With these limitations in mind, my practice has allowed me to reflect upon the distress of generations of people who have been pathologised based on gender.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017