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An assessment of public participation strategies: the case of Nyandeni Local Municipality

  • Authors: Bambeni, Mbulelo
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Public administration -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Citizen participation Local government -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MPA
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/17470 , vital:28343
  • Description: This study assessed the public participation strategies from the perspective of local government governance in encouraging community participation with specific reference to the Nyandeni Local Municipality (NLM). The research was based on the assumption that one of the biggest challenges facing most municipalities in South Africa is the lack of effective public participation strategies which results in service delivery protest actions. As a local municipality, the NLM has been entrusted with the responsibility to promote and encourage community participation.. . The purpose of the research study was to investigate and observe the public participation strategies with specific reference to the Nyandeni Local Municipality. The assessment of the public participation strategies of the NLM will therefore be fundamentally descriptive, but highly exploratory in nature. This research employed the quantitative method. An empirical survey was employed for purposes of the study and the research findings are described, interpreted, and analysed. Data was collected by way of a suitably constructed questionnaire which was administered to the ward committee members. The research has established that there is a good public participation approach in place but its functioning is inadequate, the ward committee members have little understanding of their roles and responsibilities in terms of the implementation of the public participation strategy, and they have failed to facilitate communication between the Municipality and the community. There was also an indication that the service delivery protest actions were fuelled by political motives and certain challenges and not solely by a lack of an effective public participation. In addition, the language used by the Municipality is mostly not understandable to the community as a whole. This research also identifies the strengths and the weaknesses of the public participation strategies as these are regarded as critical in promoting successful local democracy. It is envisaged that this research will assist the Nyandeni Municipality, and other municipalities country-wide to identify challenges with which they are faced and to deal with these accordingly in terms of the objectives identified in the public participation strategies. Furthermore, this research study envisages promoting effective public participation strategies within the Nyandeni Local Municipality as well as improving the efficiency and effectiveness of service delivery that will ensure communities of their well-being and dignity. Various recommendations are presented, based on the findings, primarily from the literature review and empirical survey, on how the existing status quo of the NLM can be changed to enhance public participation. If these recommendations are adopted, the Nyandeni LM will be able to develop and implement effective public participation strategies.
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  • Date Issued: 2017

An assessment of public-private partnerships as a strategy for effective delivery of primary health care in the Eastern Cape - the case of Frere Hospital

  • Authors: Gqobana, Sicelo Hamilton
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Frere Hospital Public-private sector cooperation Primary health care
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MPA
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/12892 , vital:39388
  • Description: The development of public-private partnerships (PPPs) around the world has urged governments to look at alternative service delivery methods because of increased pressures on government budgets. Public-private partnerships present governments with means of generating private funds for health service delivery whilst government manages the relationship via a negotiated PPP agreement to monitor the quality of services rendered. Different PPP models are applied all over the world depending on the specific needs of countries. Different factors impact on the success of these partnerships and it is essential that government shares knowledge and best practices. This study has showed that in order for basic primary healthcare to be effective in terms of service delivery, PPPs should be considered. The legislative framework is a critical factor in the advancement of PPP procurement and the allocation of risk as an important consideration when pursuing this type of procurement. In the health sector of the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa, there are PPPs that exist; they were the first of their kind. The study examined a tertiary hospital in East London which does not necessarily provide basic healthcare but needs to improve service delivery, although there has been some improvement from 2013 to date. The hospital in question was the Frere Hospital and the study assessed a public-private partnership as a strategy for effective delivery of basic primary healthcare in this hospital in the Eastern Cape. Interviews with the sample participants comprising mainly of managers at Frere Hospital, revealed that Frere had been ‘in tatters’ with a bad reputation before 2013, and even though there were improvements afterwards, some targets were still not met. The study came up with the following recommendations: there should be training of managers and other officials on the importance of PPPs in improving service delivery at Frere; there should be some kind of a PPP at Frere to improve productivity; officials and not only managers must understand the importance of PPPs; certain methods/processes and mechanisms need to be developed to overcome challenges in terms of service delivery that the Department of Health and Frere are still facing; officials must understand that through a PPP service delivery can improve significantly; and a need exists for sound annual plans with targets that show how the annual targets will be achieved.
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  • Date Issued: 2017

An assessment of the implementation of human resource planning and development and its effect on service delivery in the ministry of health and social welfare in Tanzania

  • Authors: Rwiza, Edith
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Personnel management--Tanzania Civil service--Tanzania Public health--Tanzania
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , Public Administration
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/11861 , vital:39113
  • Description: Public health is a major concern to a number of countries, due to its ripple impact in the economy. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors that contribute to the implementation of HRP and D in the Tanzanian health sector. To achieve this, 22 respondents from the Ministry Secretariat and Directors were interviewed, and 355 questionnaires were administered to beneficiaries of the HRP and D. A mixed method approach was utilised to analyse the data collected from the respondents. The findings of the study pointed that males dominated the sample, with the majority holding postgraduate qualification. In terms of the implementation of the HRP, 49 percent of the respondents stated that it was satisfactory. While, in terms of capacity, 67 percent were of the view that there is a shortage of skilled staff. The challenges identified include inequality in the allocation of staff, lack of skills, knowledge and experience, and oversupply of staff in certain regions. Strategies proposed for enhancing the application of HRP and D include an overhaul in the organisation structure, solving staff welfare issues, ethics and values improvement, and management of staff. The study recommends that the government should allocate adequate budget to the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare to implement Human Resource Planning and Human Resource Development in all levels of the sector as directed by President’s Office, and the Public Service Management (PO-PSM). The study also recommends on the improvement of the Human Capital Management Information System (HCMIS) to assess health workers movement. Lastly, the study recommends that there should be good coordination, cooperation, and clear lines of authority between stakeholders of health system in supervision and regulation in the implementation of HRP and HRD plans.
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  • Date Issued: 2017

An assessment of the implementation of performance management and development system: Department of Sport and Recreation South Africa

  • Authors: Zinganto, Nobulali
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Performance -- Management Local officials and employees -- South Africa , Employees -- Rating of -- South Africa Public administration --South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MPA
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/45826 , vital:39220
  • Description: Performance management and development in the South African Public Service is a critical aspect that engenders officials and management to be committed to the provision of efficient and effective service delivery. The Public Service Regulations (2001) as amended requires all spheres of government to develop and implement policy parameters that address measurable service delivery aligned to their strategic functions. The imperatives of these policy parameters allow employees’ performance with notch increments. The National Department of Sport and Recreation South Africa (SRSA) developed a performance management system that links Employee Performance Management and Development System (EPMDS) at salary levels 5 – 12 to notch increments and Human Resource Development programmes. This system aims to achieve consideration of the desired outputs; meaning the delivery of work required, which is emphasised in the setting of objectives and looking at the necessary inputs; meaning the knowledge, skills, training and resources needed, which are considered in the appraisal and reviewing of the progress that was made. The performance of Sport and Recreation South Africa has not been commensurate with the aims and objectives of the EPMDS system, as the results are not yielding the best outcome on this system. This study sought to investigate whether the EPMDS contributes to improve performance of the employees and that of the entire organisation in SRSA. It would examine whether the employees do get feedback on their performance after the performance assessment period. The study would establish whether those employees who under-performed do get remedial interventions like training, coaching, mentoring and development on the competencies they lack; so that their performance is improved. The study also sought to determined the perception of the employees regarding the effectiveness of the Performance Management and Development System in SRSA Knowledge of employees' perceptions of the performance management system will assist management to implement such a system more effectively. The findings of this study indicate that managers use performance management as a tool to control and discipline subordinates, whilst subordinates use performance management as a means of getting extra money through performance bonuses. This could be the reason that performance assessment period is viewed as a period of high tension between supervisors and subordinates. The main recommendation on the basis of this finding is that there should be a regular and thorough training of officials at all levels within SRSA about the EPMDS and how it influences productivity. Other additional recommendations include, inter alia, that the identification of gaps on unsatisfactory performance should be made immediately after each performance period. Remedial interventions to address those gaps like training, retraining, coaching and counselling should be formulated, agreed upon and implemented.
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  • Date Issued: 2017

An assessment of the Millennium Development Goal's poverty reduction target in Ogun State, Nigeria

  • Authors: Durokifa, Anuoluwapo Abosede
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Millennium Development Goals Economic development projects -- Nigeria Sustainable development -- Nigeria
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/4649 , vital:28483
  • Description: Nigeria, like many nations of the world, is confronted with a high level of poverty. Over the years the country has taken several initiatives to reduce the incidence of poverty. Nigeria was one of the earliest countries to adopt the Millennium Development Goals [MDGs] as a strategy in reducing poverty and promoting development across the vast nation. The federating states have also rolled out a number of poverty reduction programmes tailored along the millennium development goals. This study, therefore, evaluates the achievement of the millennium development poverty reduction target in Ogun State, South west Nigeria. The study seeks to ascertain whether the state was able to significantly reduce poverty with the introduction of the MDGs. The study also attempts to establish difference or similarity (if any) between past poverty reduction policies in the state and the MDGs poverty reduction strategies. In carrying out this study, related literature on poverty, development and poverty reduction efforts (strategies and programmes) implemented in the state were extensively reviewed and relevant information retrieved for the study. This study employed the mixed method research, comprising both the quantitative and qualitative data. Quantitative data through the administration of a questionnaire was obtained from 232 respondents. While in-depth interview with seven participants provided the qualitative data. Quantitative data was analyzed using Descriptive statistics, and chi-square statistical technique was used to analyze the quantitative data while qualitative data analysis was carried out using transcription and thematic clusters. The findings of the study, in general, revealed that the MDG poverty reduction strategy did not make any significant contribution in reducing poverty in the state. The MDG strategy was not any different from past poverty reduction strategies implemented in the state. The findings of the research also strongly indicated that there was low awareness regarding the MDGs poverty reduction strategies set up amongst the citizens of the state. The low awareness emerged as a major hindrance to the success of the MDG programme. Based on the findings of this study, a sustainable development poverty reduction model was developed. The model gives room for programme awareness; people’s consultation and participation. It emphasizes the need to consider the community setting or environment factors in the planning and execution of poverty reduction programme. This model contend that aligning strategies to the peculiar need of each environment is a critical component for the sustenance of any poverty reduction programme.
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  • Date Issued: 2017

An assessment of the National Credit Act 34 of 2005 as a vehicle for expanding financial inclusion in South Africa

  • Authors: Wazvaremhaka, Tinashe
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: South Africa. -- National Credit Act, 2005 Credit -- Law and legislation Financial institutions -- Law and legislation -- South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , LLM
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/9045 , vital:34221
  • Description: The advancement of financial inclusion is at the top of the international development agenda for policy makers and development institutions. Empirical evidence indicates that households that participate in the mainstream financial services sector can start and grow businesses, manage risk, invest in education, save and absorb financial shocks. National Treasury recently recognised financial inclusion as a policy priority and emphasised the need to enhance it under the new twin peaks system of regulation. This study submits that a conducive legal and regulatory framework is an important key to unlocking the benefits of financial inclusion. More pointedly, it demonstrates that the National Credit Act 34 of 2005 (NCA) plays a central role in promoting financial inclusion since access to unsafe and exploitative credit can lead the poor to pay more, and thereby affecting their ability to access credit and other financial services. Although financial inclusion has been improving in South Africa, over-indebtedness remains pervasive. Access to credit has been exacerbating the financial exclusion of many historically disadvantaged and low income consumers in spite of the NCA. Therefore, this study undertakes a critical assessment of selected aspects of the NCA with a view to determining whether the Act is up to the task of expanding financial inclusion in South Africa. Arguments and suggestions have been made in this study to refine the NCA (and other related laws) such that it promotes access to safe and affordable credit for previously disadvantaged and low income population groups, encourages responsible lending and provides effective debt relief mechanisms.
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  • Date Issued: 2017

An assessment of the need for a monitoring model for public service training facilitators : the case of a training agency at an Eastern Cape university

  • Authors: Masha, Anthony Kambi
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Employees -- Training of Group facilitation Public administration
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13138 , vital:39468
  • Description: The purpose of this study was to assess the needs of a mentoring model for public service Training Facilitators. The study followed a qualitative interpretive research design whereby semi-structured interviews were used to gain answers from the three constructs addressing the research questions. The results of an assessment that was conducted by the researcher in this study indicate that there is a lack of a mentoring programme for FHS Training Facilitators and that the development of competencies and skills for Training Facilitators through mentoring is non-existent. It was through the findings that the need of mentoring was envisaged, leading to the creation of a comprehensive mentoring model for Leadership Development training. Findings relating to questions regarding the purpose of mentoring, knowledge of presenting training programmes on Leadership Development and requisite competencies and professionalism of Training Facilitators indicate that there is need for a mentoring programme for Leadership Development training at FHS. This study is therefore significant in that a mentoring model has been developed. The study is a new line of inquiry and will make an original contribution to literature on mentoring, proactive training methods and Leadership Development. There is little known on proactive training methods for Millenials on Leadership Development both in South Africa and internationally. This study had a bias towards the qualitative approach. It was conducted in the Eastern Cape Province. For this research, respondents were only Training Facilitators at FHS. The empirical study was limited to male or female Training Facilitators working for FHS and Training Facilitators who have worked for FHS for at least more than a year. The Management of FHS and administration staff members were excluded from the study since the study included only Training Facilitators from the Human Capital Training and Development Unit at FHS. The main focus of the study is mentoring, and does not include related aspects, such as career coaching, executive coaching, action learning and learnerships.
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  • Date Issued: 2017

An assessment of the perception of the role of the Christian religious leader in the political process: the case of the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality

  • Authors: Terblanche, Thomas Frank
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: South Africa -- Politics and government Church and state -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Christianity and politics -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality Holland Reformed Church -- Political aspects -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/20746 , vital:29385
  • Description: The Church and clergy, during Apartheid played a significant role in the South African political process. It was possible to divide the church into three distinct groups, pro-government, anti-government and neutral churches and clergy. The Dutch Reformed Church because of its close association to the National Party was often dubbed the “National Party of Prayer.” They played an important role in providing moral legitimacy for the regime. On the other hand, church leaders including Allan Boesak and Desmond Tutu were synonymous in their fight against apartheid. The Church still plays a significant role in a democratic South Africa. By virtue of Stats SA 2011 which states that just under eighty percent of South Africans have Christian affliations. However, democratic South Africa has secular constitution which clearly indicates the separation between church and government. Clergy find themselves in an ambiguous situation in a ‘secular state.’ What exactly is the broader role of the Church and in particular clergy in democratic ‘secular’ South Africa? The ambiguity is also fuelled by politicians who often request clergy’s participation in the political process and on other occasions state that clergy should keep to “church business” Part of this enquiry is be answered by asking clergy what they believe their role is. In 2014 a selection of Christian leaders in the Nelson Mandela Bay area decried the governance in the NMBM and South Africa in general. It is to be seen as awakening of clergy in the political process. The objectives of the study are as follows: to look at how Christian religious leaders construct their role in a post-apartheid context with a specific focus on the NMBM, to capture the views of government and political parties1 on what role the Church should play in post-apartheid South Africa, A comparative thematic analysis to determine if there are any similarities or differences in how the Church perceives their political role vis-à-vis the perception of government.
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  • Date Issued: 2017

An assessment of the relationship between clean audits and service delivery : a study of Amathole District Municipality in the Eastern Cape Province, for the 2013/2014 financial year

  • Authors: Mashalaba, Bongiwe
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Municipal finance -- South Africa -- Auditing Auditing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Finance, Public -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MPA
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/4638 , vital:28471
  • Description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the concept of clean audit reports in relation to service delivery. The study was conducted in the Amathole District Municipality in the Eastern Cape Province and centred on the audit outcome of the municipality for the 2013/2014 financial year. A qualitative research design was adopted in order to conduct the study and the data was collected through the conducting of semi-structured interviews. The research sample comprised officers who were employed by the Amathole District Municipality and one manager from the office of the Auditor-General. The key findings of the study revealed that, at present, the concept of a clean audit outcome is used by municipal officers to imply that the performance of an organisation is to be assessed mainly on the basis of evidence which is provided by financial indicators, to the exclusion of non-financial benchmarks. This assumption tends to encourage municipal officers to strive towards impressing auditors, rather than serving their communities through the providing of adequate service delivery. In addition, the auditing of municipalities does not assess their performance in relation to service delivery and the ways in which communities at the local level are affected by it. At present it appears to be beyond the remit of auditors to investigate the validity of the protests which erupt in communities in response to poor service delivery or whether the members of communities and other affected stakeholders are satisfied or dissatisfied with the manner in which services are rendered by their municipalities. Consequently, those who are tasked with the making of decisions in municipalities act upon the recommendations which are made in their audit outcomes and formulate plans in relation to service delivery or projects which do not necessarily accord with the needs of the communities which they are intended to serve. Consequently, on the basis of the findings of this study, it is proposed that assessments of the performance of organisations should incorporate non-financial indicators into the auditing process. Adopting this approach would minimise incidences of municipalities receiving clean audit outcomes while the members of the communities which they serve take to the streets to express their anger and frustration as a result of poor service delivery.
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  • Date Issued: 2017

An assessment of the strategies for implementing inclusive education in teacher education in Zimbabwe

  • Authors: Makiwa, Ellen
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Inclusive education -- Zimbabwe
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/5025 , vital:29013
  • Description: Inclusive education has become a global trend in the 21st century and is seen as a way of addressing barriers to learning for children with diverse backgrounds, needs, abilities and learning styles. The key to the success of the implementation of inclusive education lies in teacher education as this is where teachers are trained. Teacher education is thus expected to equip pre-service teacher trainees with relevant and effective strategies to enable them to implement inclusive education effectively in the schools in response to learner diversity. This study therefore focused on assessing the strategies for implementing inclusive education that teacher educators equip their pre-service trainees with in the primary teacher training colleges in Zimbabwe. The research was grounded in the pragmatist paradigm and the mixed method approach was employed. Data were collected from two primary teacher training colleges in Zimbabwe and in primary schools in the Harare Metropolitan Province. The participants were lecturers (teacher educators), pre-service trainees in the final phase of the course and qualified teachers who trained with the two colleges and are teaching in the Mbare-Hatfield District of the Harare Metropolitan Province. The study found out that most of the lecturers, pre-service teacher trainees and qualified teachers knew about inclusive education although some had a narrow view of the extent to which learner diversity entails. Therefore, this could affect the way these educators perceive inclusive teaching strategies in the implementation of inclusive education. The main finding was that the teaching strategies that pre-service trainees were equipped with were not quite effective for inclusive classrooms. The study also unveiled that lecturers in the primary teacher training colleges were aware of different teaching strategies with which pre-service trainees can be equipped and exposed to in order for effective teaching and learning to take place. They, however, did not differentiate between those strategies for regular classes and those for inclusive ones. Although the lecturers were aware of inclusive teaching strategies, they did not do much to equip their trainees with these due to challenges which include lack of coordinated programmes in lecturing in the different subject areas; lack of integration in topics taught in the different subject areas; loaded timetables in the teacher education curriculum; the nature of the teacher education curriculum which is not flexible as it focuses on examinations; inadequate resources and high lecturer-student ratio in the colleges; and high teacher-pupil ratio in the primary schools where the pre-service trainees do their teaching practice. The researcher made some recommendations from the conclusions drawn from the research findings. The recommendations included that there is need for adequate teacher preparation and training to enable teachers to be flexible, accommodative and reflective in their practice in terms of employing teaching strategies. The researcher also recommended a review of the primary teacher education curriculum in its entirety to accommodate fully the teaching of inclusive education.
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  • Date Issued: 2017

An energy, water and disease disaster management module: a technoeconomic feasibility analysis

  • Authors: Nicholson, Thomas J
  • Date: 2017
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Thesis , Masters , MSC
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/65167 , vital:28700
  • Description: Intermittent energy and water supply are current challenges faced by many residents in South Africa. South Africa is one of the more water scarce countries in the world; this coupled with the lack of infrastructure makes it challenging to provide every citizen with their right to basic water and sanitation. With millennium development goal 7C not being addressed in many areas, residents experience sub-standard living conditions, which drastically increases the vulnerability of marginalised groups to epidemics. In the sustainable development goals improving sanitation and drinking water has been identified as one of the most effective and least expensive means of reducing fatalities and increasing public health. There is a need for a mobile laboratory that demonstrates power and water self-sufficiency, which is capable of on-site diagnosis and water treatment. The unit will have the ability to perform independent compliance monitoring of municipal water supply, treat inadequate water and provide surplus electricity to surrounding areas. A literature-based study was performed utilizing several scientific databases to identify current methods of power and water production in previous disaster management and humanitarian relief situations. Based on findings three example laboratories were theoretically designed; structural modelling, systems simulation and optimization and sensitivity analyses were performed with HOMER Pro, PackVol and SketchUp. A cost benefit analysis was performed with the social return on investment methodology. Novel human waste processing was performed with fly ash and simulated faeces. Bacterial species identification in ice samples was performed with the API 20E protocol and limited equipment as a proof of concept for field deployment. A hybrid system consisting of PV panels, a wind turbine and biomass generator showed promise for displaced humanitarian relief camps; with every 1 ZAR capital invested resulting in 3.13 ZAR social benefit. A system consisting of PV panels and a battery bank proved to have the least environmental impact and the grid supply laboratory showed a cheaper cost of energy alternative for needs provision. Fly ash showed potential as in nutrient recovery and as a fertility aid to soil. The units developed function as a means to increase disaster preparedness and humanitarian relief as well a means to improve quality of life for rural marginalize populations.
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  • Date Issued: 2017

An evaluation and estimation of risk factors associated with cholera : case study of registered patients in Raymond Mhlaba local municipality, South Africa

  • Authors: Osuji, Georgeleen O
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Cholera -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Risk assessment -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/15562 , vital:40459
  • Description: Background: Cholera is an acute infectious disease of the small intestine caused by the bacterium called Vibrio cholerae, which has two serogroups01and 0139which is also known as choleragenic V. cholerae. This disease is characterized by profuse watery diarrhoea and severe dehydration which can lead to death of both adult and children if treatment is not promptly given. Cholera is spread through ingestion of V. cholera contaminated water and food. Cholera has displayed global presence more than seven times and caused tremendous disaster to humankind. Method: This was a retrospective study among patients with cholera within the period of ten years (2005 to 2015) and the total number of patients was 106. The target population for this study were patients at Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality who attended Victoria hospital and were diagnosed with Vibrio cholerae species with respect to sources of water and non-water sources during the mentioned period. A multivariate Logistic regression was used to determine the risk factors of cholera and comparison was made in the treatment of cholera outcomes for factors which were statistically significant at P < 0.05. Results: The median age was 24.5 (IQR: 7.0-44.8) for all respondents with cholera. Patients within the age range of 26-40 and 41-55 were found to have a higher risk of cholera (2.20, 95percent CI: 1.51, 4.22) and (1.13, 95percent CI: 0.61, 2.01) respectively. The risk of cholera was considerably higher among the black race (2.51, 95percent CI: 1.52, 4.31) compared to the coloured (1.33, 95percent CI: 0.75, 3.713). Patients who used source of water supply from carrier/Tanker and Dam/River had higher increased risk of contracting cholera (1.71, 95percent CI: 0.92, 3.62) and (2.61, 95percent CI: 1.38, 4.25) respectively compared to patients that used other sources of water. Home, party and restaurant as places patients had eaten 24 hours earlier before the onset of cholera were associated with increased risk of severe cholera. Patients who shared toilet facilities had increased risk of cholera (0.91, 95percent CI: 0.47, 1.62) compared to the ones who used private toilet. Those patients who did not practice hand washing had an increased risk of contracting cholera (1.45, 95percent CI: 0.88, 2.12) compared to the ones who washed their hands. When Logistic regression was carried out, the following risk factors were found to be statistically significant in causing cholera at 5percent significance level; Age ( 26-40), gender, level of education, marital status, sources of water supply, place eaten in the last 24 hours before onset of cholera, type of toilet used and hand washing. Conclusion: Improvement in level of education, sources of water supply, place of last eaten before cholera sickness, toilet facilities, hand washing practices are key risk factors for cholera disease and hospitalization among patients in Raymond Mhlaba local Municipality, Eastern Cape. The strong association between water and sanitation highlights the need for a more thorough assessment of potential waterborne exposures and the risk faced by family members suffering from cholera infection cases and may warrant renewed research regarding the use of targeted chemoprophylaxis in endemic rural settings.
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  • Date Issued: 2017

An evaluation into the organisational culture at a selected South African state owned enterprise

  • Authors: Ngubane, Nombulelo
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Corporate culture -- South Africa Government business enterprises -- South Africa , Government corporations -- South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/48035 , vital:40465
  • Description: The purpose of this research was to evaluate and to develop a theoretical model for a sustainable organisational culture within the South African Post Office (SAPO) RSA. The goal of this study research was to evaluate the organisational culture within the SA Post Office, to develop a theoretical model of the sustainable organisational culture through literature review and analysis of the respondents‟ survey questionnaires. In addition, the study sought to investigate the perceived success of organisational transformation for sustainable organisational culture by examining the key factors that are believed impact sustainable organisational culture. Based on the above, to determine how SAPO measures up to the requirements for a sustainable organisational culture. This study research provides useful insight into the factors that contribute to a sustainable organisational culture for the South African Post Office. This research looks into the current organisational culture at SAPO.
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  • Date Issued: 2017

An evaluation of affirmative action in public sector

  • Authors: Myoli, Vuyiseka Marly
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Affirmative action programs -- Law and legislation -- South Africa , Human rights -- South Africa , Affirmative action programs -- South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , LLM
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14190 , vital:27443
  • Description: The South African public service has been undergoing fundamental transformation since 1994. The new government has had to build a democratic, inclusive and responsive public sector to the extent that the last two decades have witnessed the most dramatic shifts in public reform. After 1994, the public sector had to be transformed so that it could be representative of the nation’s racial composition, caters for the needs of all citizens irrespective of their racial, ethnic, gender, sexual persuasion and orientation. The government agenda of reconstructing and developing a democratic state depends on the willingness, capabilities and patriotism of the public service. As part of its transformation agenda, the government had to introduce policies that were focusing on promoting affirmative action and employment equity. Through this policy and other related employment equity measures, the South African public sector had to be transformed in terms of racial and gender representivity. This study assesses and evaluates whether the policies and legislation that were geared towards the transformation and democratization of public sector have yielded positive or negative results. By way of a literature review and comparative analysis, this study examines the objectives of affirmative action and analyses the approaches that have been taken since the adoption of this policy in the workplace. It looks at public sector and argues that there are still flaws relating to the implementation of affirmative action in public sector. The extent to which affirmative action programs attempt to implement affirmative action differs if South Africa and the United States of America can be taken as examples. The study considers some of the challenges faced by the new South African government in transforming public sector and interrogates the courts’ application and interpretation of affirmative action legislation. It concludes with recommendations that could be put in place in order to position affirmative action policies in line with the objectives of the South African Constitution, labour laws and American approach where the policy was adopted from.
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  • Date Issued: 2017

An evaluation of appreciative inquiry as an alternative organisation development approach

  • Authors: Van der Merwe, Schalk Willem
  • Date: 2017
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/5925 , vital:20990
  • Description: The research provides an insight into the main challenges of previous Organisation Development processes, and Appreciative Inquiry is explored to establish the value it can offer as an alternative which minimises these challenges in today’s organisations. Organisation Development originated during the early 1950s and has evolved, adapted and changed dramatically since then. Two classical Organisation Development processes, Lewin’s 3-Step model and the Action Research spiral, are described, and typical challenges of applying them in today’s organisations are outlined. To remain competitive, organisations need to identify, adjust, and adapt to changing circumstances. These changing circumstances are constant and are due to increasingly complex demands from technological, economic, managerial, and cultural needs. Appreciative Inquiry as an approach is explored as an alternative Organisation Development process: it shifts the question from ‘what is going wrong’ to ‘what is going right in the organisation’. Appreciative Inquiry consists of the Discovery, Dream, Design and Destiny stages, and searches for the best in people and their organisations. In accordance with the constructionist paradigm, the research offers conclusions through the confirmation of past practices, conversations and relationships combined with creative new methods or experimentation of a positive intended future. The One- Group Pretest-Posttest, as a design, was selected to explore the effect of the variable (the Appreciative Inquiry intervention) in relation to the pre- and post-experimental evaluation. The design consists of an initial engagement (Pretest), the influencing variable (an Appreciative Inquiry intervention) and final engagement (Posttest) with the same group. The research was supported by a mixed method approach, with qualitative data supported by quantitative data. The quantitative data provided a general understanding of how participants experienced the change interventions. The qualitative data provided the information on how respondents experienced Organisation Development before an Appreciative Inquiry intervention and their views after an Appreciative Inquiry intervention. A South African secondary school was selected as a research site. Limited research is available regarding the application of Organisation Development and especially Appreciative Inquiry as a process in schools in general, and in South African schools in particular. A survey questionnaire was the instrument for collecting the quantitative data regarding the participants’ biographical information and change process perceptions. For the collection of qualitative data, interview questionnaires were used. The findings indicate that whereas previous change processes appear to have regarded the various staff levels of the school as separate entities, during the Appreciative Inquiry approach all staff were included as being an integral part of the organisation. The main finding after completion of the Appreciative Inquiry intervention was that collectively discussing and defining issues in a positive light instead of a problem to be solved changes the perspective of participants. Through the application of the Appreciative Inquiry’s four stages, participants were invited to think in a new way by applying innovation, enhancing participation, maintaining a positive core, and providing practical solutions through provocative statements. Conclusions reached from the research are that Appreciative Inquiry is a viable alternative for minimising Organisation Development challenges in contemporary organisations. The conclusions are based on factors such as understanding the reason for change; strong leadership; defining what is a successful intervention; understanding the Appreciative Inquiry process, the value of provocative statements; and the sustainability of change.
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  • Date Issued: 2017

An evaluation of clinical governance within a private radiology organisation in Durban KwaZulu-Natal

  • Authors: Wedderburn-Maxwell, Morgan Keir
  • Date: 2017
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/40884 , vital:25036
  • Description: South African health care organisations are required to adhere to the National Health Act, 61 of 2003 which contains the national core standards. Clinical governance is a key domain within the national core standards and is directly involved with a health care organisation’s ability to deliver quality care services. It can be described as a framework that ensures doctors and health care employees collaborate to provide superior quality health care services and create clinical accountability. The aim of this research was to evaluate the role of clinical governance within a private radiology organisation in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal (KZN). The goals of this research was to identify and explore the challenges that are associated with clinical governance within a private health care organisation in Durban, KZN. Furthermore, to evaluate the importance and implications of clinical governance for a private radiology organisation in Durban, KZN. The objectives of this research was to investigate how the private radiology organisation is managing clinical governance and to identify whether there is a common understanding of the concept among its members. The research adopted a qualitative approach where semi-structured interviews were conducted to obtain the data that enabled the goals and objectives of this research to be attained. The results indicated that clinical governance is a key factor to the private radiology organisations long-term sustainability. Clinical governance is vital for health care organisations to deliver quality health care services. The private radiology organisation places a significant emphasis among its members to deliver superior quality health care services. As a result, the organisation utilises the key elements within the clinical governance framework to continuously increase the quality of care that it provides and abide to the legally binding standards. The results support the notion that there is a need for the clarity of the definition, roles and responsibilities of clinical governance. The findings of this research suggest that further research is required to identify the contribution that clinical governance makes to improving the quality of care within South African health care organisations. Furthermore, research identifying employees’ perceptions of clinical governance within the private health care sector in South Africa is recommended.
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  • Date Issued: 2017

An evaluation of government housing projects against the breaking new ground principles in Wells estate in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality

  • Authors: Songelwa, Thuthuka Siphumezile
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Low-income housing -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality , Housing development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Public housing -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Housing -- Developing countries Housing policy -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14378 , vital:27578
  • Description: Despite the array of polices adopted to address the housing issue in South Africa in the post ’94’ dispensation, South Africa in 2015 remains riddled with the same housing challenges as at 1994 even despite the significant improvements that have been achieved. Subsidised housing projects completed between 1994 and 2004 are characterised by poor design, poor quality, late delivery, poor location, and spatial marginalisation. To address these shortfalls, the Department of Human Settlements adopted the Breaking New Ground (BNG) principles in 2004 and the housing code of 2009 to mitigate shortfalls in the provision of low cost housing and thereby creating sustainable human settlements. It was in such context that this study sought to assess whether the BNG and housing code of 2009 was implemented in the building of the low-cost houses of the Wells Estate Human Settlement in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (NMBM), constructed post-2004. An exploratory study using both the quantitative and qualitative data collection methods was used to conduct the study. A questionnaire with open and closed questions was used to collect data. To complement the use of the questionnaire, transect walks were also undertaken. The findings of the study were that; firstly: The majority of the beneficiaries belonged to the productive age that is between 18 and 60; Wells Estate depicts a pre ‘94 spatial planning given its peripheral location there by affecting cost to work and job searching; The quality of houses complied with the tenets of the BNG and housing code of 2009; Access to services and facilities like police station, community halls, clinics, and schools remained a challenge because their availability is determined by the population size and utilisation rate, and Access to socio economic opportunities was still a challenge. The beneficiaries of Wells Estate even in the case for businesses owned this; these were for subsistence only such as street vending, shoe repairing, and painting. Given the above findings, the study recommends that: There is need to focus on human capital development through skill development to the productive age group which is unemployed. With skills, the unemployed have an opportunity to look for employment thereby improving their livelihoods; The provision of housing alone cannot alleviate the socio-economic challenges affecting the poor, however there is a need for a multi-pronged approach to address other socioeconomic determinants such as access to employment and education, and There is need to for a collaboration approach between the NMBM and other government departments for instance with the Department of Basic Education for scholar transport.
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  • Date Issued: 2017

An evaluation of how ABSA retail branch management experience change at ABSA Eastern Cape

  • Authors: Ramjee, Keeran
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Banks and banking -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Leadership , Leadership -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Financial services industry -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Organizational change -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Management
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/19949 , vital:29011
  • Description: Organisational leaders often assume that change (large or small) is straightforward and the approach to solve the problems is done rationally and logically. Thereafter a strategy is developed and a plan is implemented to make the improvement a reality. It comes as a shock to organisational leadership that those improvement plans, initially envisioned, do not deliver on expectations. As mentioned in The effective change managers’ handbook (Smith, et al., 2014), a greater shock awaits organisational leadership that after convincing colleagues of the necessity for the change to solution and the need to resolve the issue, in reality, it does not always work or achieve the desired outcomes. Improvement plans are often met with resistance by various stakeholders within the organisation. As a result, these improvement plans are abandoned and the organisation is relegated to business as usual. Literature reviewed in the field of organisational change management reveals a failure rate of 70% to 80% when it comes to the implementation of change initiatives and more so where change initiatives have a low expected return on value. Organisational change and organisational change management literature is constantly evolving as variable criteria and measures are researched, revealing deeper insight and impact on organisations. Therefore, according to literature, a greater knowledge of organisational change management within a global context would provide relevance and richness in the manner in which organisations go about implementing change initiatives. The key challenges and management issue at hand are to explore, understand and comprehend the variables that influence the branch manager’s positive reaction to change. This will guide organisational leadership and improve the success rate of change initiatives implemented in the organisation.For Absa to maintain a competitive advantage and ensure sustainability, a comprehensive understanding of the variables that influence the branch managers’ positive reaction to change is an imperative for Absa’s organisational leadership. Organisational change and organisational change management have all the key elements for the implementation of change within organisations. If executed effectively, this would result in a positive reaction by employees when change initiatives are introduced into the organisation. By studying past experiences and outcomes from empirical studies on organisational change and organisational change management, it was possible to draw lessons and experience about the discipline of organisational change management and factors influencing effective implementation of change initiatives resulting in a greater degree of success. The study may be of significance to other organisations across industries looking at improving the success rate in terms of implementing change initiatives within the managerial level of an organisation. Factors that come to the fore are creativity in influencing leadership behaviour, due diligence about investment opportunities, return on change initiatives, etc. These need to be explored in order for the organisation to achieve the objectives of remaining competitive and ensuring the sustainability of the organisation. Therefore creative strategies and thinking of ways to circumvent challenges in organisational change and organisational change management needs to be employed. The following independent variables were tested: training, effective communication, employee inclusion, trust, decreasing fear of the unknown and finally, decreasing fear of failure. Results revealed from the quantitative research that trust and decreasing fear of the unknown are essential factors influencing branch managers’ positive reaction to change though the importance of the other independent variables tested must not be considered to be of lesser importance. This study therefore concluded that utilisation of the framework, with emphasis on trust and decreasing fear of the unknown will result in the positive reaction by Absa branch managers to change and this will ultimately influence the success rate of change initiatives implemented. Recommendations were also made for future research studies that can contribute to organisational change and change management literature with emphasis on positive reaction to change, as well as the improvement and success rate of change initiatives implemented within organisations.
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  • Date Issued: 2017

An evaluation of the expanded public works programme in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, Eastern Cape Province

  • Authors: Ntwasa, Andisa
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: Public works -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Poverty -- Government policy -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MPA
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/8802 , vital:33599
  • Description: The evaluation of the EPWP within the BCMM will assist the municipality in enhancing the metropolitan’s capacity to deliver the services of the EPWP by ensuring that challenges are addressed, an integrated approach is adopted and that the programme implementation receives the necessary support in order to develop communities. Cabinet has adopted the EPWP as its main tool for creating job opportunities. It has been approved as a conceptual framework with a specific role and targets for each municipality programme. The EPWP also engages the creation of job opportunities for unemployed people which enables them to participate in the economy; eventually they will make a contribution to their communities’ development and to the country as a whole. (National EPWP Guidelines, 2003:4). The EPWP is significant because it aims to expand the creation of temporary job opportunities which will give unemployed and poor people some income. The BCMM has focused on strengthening and expanding its EPWP, predominantly in the infrastructure sector. The emphasis has been on job creation through intensive methods in housing and infrastructure projects, as well as on improving reporting, monitoring and evaluation. Thus, the decision was taken to house the EPWP unit within the Directorate of Infrastructure Services for efficient administration, as most infrastructure projects are implemented within the directorate. To improve the implementation of the EPWP, and to be effective within the metropolitan, the programme should incorporate all activities within the municipality. Therefore, every project implemented, as per the municipality’s Integrated Development Plan (IDP), should be required to promote all possible EPWP opportunities. All existing projects should be restructured in order to promote greater employment opportunities. The municipality needs to increase emphasis on labour intensive construction methods, the rollout of the EPWP in the social and environmental and culture sectors, and the municipality should evince a greater level of EPWP participation.
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  • Date Issued: 2017

An evaluation of the impact of the Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008 on the relationship between franchisors and franchisees

  • Authors: Biggs, Lynn
  • Date: 2017
  • Subjects: South Africa -- Consumer Protection Act, 2008 Consumer protection -- Law and legislation -- South Africa , Franchises (Retail trade) -- South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14642 , vital:27810
  • Description: The franchising business model is an attractive option for both franchisors and franchisees. Franchisors grant the rights to use their intellectual property and business system to franchisees for a fee. Franchisees buy into the tried-and-tested business system, receive ongoing training and support and operate under an established trade mark or trade name. Fundamental characteristics of the franchise relationship include: the contractual nature thereof, the use of the franchisor‘s intellectual property by the franchisee, operating the franchise outlet according to the franchisor‘s business system, providing training and support to the franchisee, and paying for the use of the franchisor‘s intellectual property and business system. These characteristics have resulted in inherent tensions between franchisors and franchisees, which arise by virtue of, inter alia, the control exercised by the franchisor over the use of its intellectual property, franchisor opportunism, poor franchisee selection, franchisee free-riding, inadequate training and support, or the sunk investments made by the franchisee. The franchisor and franchisee generally use a franchise agreement to regulate their relationship. However, the franchise agreement itself can also lead to conflict between the parties, such as that arising from poor drafted clauses relating to territorial rights, renewal, payment, termination, restraint of trade, or confidentiality. The franchise agreement is typically drafted in the standard-form, resulting in franchisees faced with unequal bargaining power. The common law of contract is based on principles of freedom of contract and sanctity of contract and is, therefore, limited in its ability to resolve the tensions between the parties. Various models for regulating the franchising industry can be adopted, for example, self-regulation, statutory regulation, or co-regulation. Australia and Canada have adopted the statutory model by enacting franchise-specific legislation and New Zealand has followed the self-regulation model with no legislation regulating its franchising industry. South Africa did not formally regulate the franchise relationship through legislation until the enactment of its consumer protection legislation, the Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008 (CPA), which includes a franchisee within the definition of consumer. This entails that all franchisees enjoy the protection of the CPA and all franchise agreements must comply with the provisions of the CPA. The South African economy is unique in that it is burdened by the social ills of its discriminatory past, such as high levels of unemployment, illiteracy and inequality. The country is faced with a slow growing economy with little development and promotion of entrepreneurship among small businesses. Despite the burdensome economy within which the franchising industry is required to operate, the industry‘s contribution to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country has remained stable. The South African government has identified the franchising industry as an opportunity for job creation, economic empowerment and promotion of entrepreneurship. The aim of the study is to ascertain whether the CPA is the correct legislative vehicle to regulate the franchise relationship, while enhancing the growth and development of the franchising industry. This thesis concludes that the introduction of fundamental consumer rights and rights of redress for franchisees through the provisions of the CPA has contributed to, or assisted in, the removal of the tensions inherent in the franchise relationship. In particular, the CPA has adequately addressed the lack of formal regulation of the franchise relationship through its disclosure requirements and its regulations. The thesis also proposes amendments to some of the CPA regulations, which will further enhance the disclosure requirements, and aid in curtailing the conflict caused by the terms of the franchise agreement. The thesis further proposes that the application of the CPA to franchise agreements should be limited to small, inexperienced or unsophisticated franchisees that are in need of the protection. An essential premise is that the CPA aims to protect ordinary consumers, including juristic persons, in day-to-day transactions (up to the threshold amount), to avoid suppliers taking advantage of them. Larger, more sophisticated or experienced franchisees, with stronger bargaining power and access to legal advice, do not necessarily require the protection of the CPA. The criteria relating to the size of class of micro-, very small and small enterprises, but not medium enterprises, within the different sectors or sub-sectors in terms of the National Small Enterprises Act, 102 of 1996, should be considered and used as a guide to determine whether the CPA applies to a franchise agreement. The development, growth and success of the franchising industry depends on the education of prospective franchisees wanting to adopt the franchising business model and invest in the industry. The CPA does not recognise or promote the roles of the various stakeholders (franchisors, franchisees and the government) with regard to the provision of education, training, ongoing support and assistance to prospective franchisees. This thesis proposes that mechanisms to enhance the education of prospective franchisees should be promoted, such as tandem franchising, obtaining advice undertakings from prospective franchisees before concluding franchise agreements, and increasing the role of the Consumer Commission in providing franchising education.
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  • Date Issued: 2017
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