The impact of alcohol on the sexual behaviour of adolescent males in Nkonkobe municipality
- Authors: Takatshana, Sinovuyo
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Risk-taking (Psychology) in adolescence , Teenagers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Teenagers -- Sexual behaviour -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Youth -- Alcohol use -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Teenagers -- Alcohol use -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Youth -- Sexual behaviour -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Alcoholism -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M Soc Sc (Psych)
- Identifier: vital:11612 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1005986 , Risk-taking (Psychology) in adolescence , Teenagers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Teenagers -- Sexual behaviour -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Youth -- Alcohol use -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Teenagers -- Alcohol use -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Youth -- Sexual behaviour -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Alcoholism -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Description: The study aimed at investigating the impact of alcohol on the sexual behaviour of male adolescents, with the purpose of establishing whether a relationship exists between alcohol use and risky sexual behaviour (i.e. multiple partners, unprotected, and unplanned sex) by adolescent males. Data was collected by means of an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire. The sample consisted of 176 male high school learners, aged between 14 and 25, from one school in the Nkonkobe Municipality, Eastern Cape Province. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to obtain data analyses which included descriptive statistics and cross-tabulation (with specific reference to Chi-square analysis), and all procedures were performed at 0.05 level of significance with 95% Confidence Interval. A relationship between alcohol use and risky sexual behaviour was found to exist. A statistically significant correlation was found in support of the alcohol/risky sex hypothesis. Another significant finding was the increase noted in safer sex practises among adolescents. Finally, the findings were correlated to implications.
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- Date Issued: 2013
An investigation of the atmospheric wave dynamics in the polar region using ground based instruments
- Authors: Khanyile, Bhekumuzi Sfundo
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Gravity waves , Atmospheric physics -- South Africa , Riometer , Gravity -- Measurement , Rossby waves
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc (Physics)
- Identifier: vital:11592 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/447 , Gravity waves , Atmospheric physics -- South Africa , Riometer , Gravity -- Measurement , Rossby waves
- Description: Abstract This study presents the characteristics of small-scale gravity waves in the mesosphere region as derived from the imaging riometer data at high altitude (~90 km) over SANAE (72˚S, 3˚W). Wavelet analysis and FFT (Fast Fourier transform) have been applied to extract short period gravity wave parameters for the year 2000. The horizontal wavelength, phase speed and observed period of gravity waves are typically 10-100 km, 5-60 m.s-1 and 3-60 minutes, respectively. The horizontal propagation direction is north-eastward throughout the year. This could probably be due to selective filtering by the zonal wind. Zonal and meridional winds in the region of the MLT (mesosphere and lower thermosphere) have been measured using HF radars at high latitudes in the southern hemisphere. Data from January 2000 to December 2003 have been used with the aim of investigating the characteristics of planetary wave activity at ~90 km. For SANAE and Halley stations, 2-, 5-, 10-, 16- and 20-day planetary waves are dominant in summer and winter. The results show the seasonal variations of the mean winds, which are caused by the internal variability of the quasi stationary planetary waves. Planetary wave coupling processes between UKMO assimilated and mesospheric data have also been investigated. The cross wavelet results show a strong coupling during winter months. The results suggest that planetary waves are generated at lower atmospheric heights and propagate upwards into mesospheric heights. However, not all observed disturbances in mesospheric heights can be explained by the propagation of planetary waves from lower atmospheric heights.
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- Date Issued: 2011
Determinants of foreign direct investments in the motor industry in South Africa
- Authors: Onceya, Siyabulela
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Investments, Foreign -- South Africa , Automobile industry and trade -- South Africa , Motor industry -- South Africa , Industrial policy -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M Com
- Identifier: vital:11459 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/545 , Investments, Foreign -- South Africa , Automobile industry and trade -- South Africa , Motor industry -- South Africa , Industrial policy -- South Africa
- Description: The recent surge in foreign capital inflows into developing countries has generated interest among researchers wanting to analyse the major determinants of Foreign Direct Investments in the motor industry (FDIsm). This dissertation investigates the determinants of FDI in the motor industry in South Africa. The underpinning theoretical literature in this study is the Micro-level theory of FDI and the Eclectic theory as well as empirical literature from several authors. The study used quarterly time series data, which covers the period 1994q1- 2008q4. FDIs are modeled as the function of economic growth, interest rates, exchange rate, education and the openness of the country. The variables in the model are tested for stationarity. Cointegration analysis was also used to test for long run relationships between the variables. The trace and the maximum eigenvalue tests suggest that there are at least two cointegration relationships, an error correction modelling technique is used to establish the determinants of foreign direct investment. The error correction model was estimated which provided both long run and short run parameter estimates. The results show that economic growth, education and the openness of the country are positively related to foreign direct investment in the motor industry. Interest rates and exchange rates negatively affect foreign direct investment in the motor industry in South Africa. The results of this study are also supported by the impulse response and variance decomposition tests. The policy recommendation that emanate from this study is that efforts should be made to boost the level of economic growth in order to enhance and attract more foreign investors. It is therefore important for the government to purse policies that will encourage economic growth.
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- Date Issued: 2011
Gender perceptual differences and their effects on the implementation of policy in the prevention of HIV/AIDS in Makoni District, Zimbabwe
- Authors: Musabaeka, True Shame
- Date: 2006
- Subjects: AIDS (Disease) in women -- Zimbabwe , Sexually transmitted diseases -- Zimbabwe , Sexual consent -- Zimbabwe , Sexual behavior surveys -- Zimbabwe , Social perception -- Zimbabwe
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M Soc Sc (Dev)
- Identifier: vital:11406 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/308 , AIDS (Disease) in women -- Zimbabwe , Sexually transmitted diseases -- Zimbabwe , Sexual consent -- Zimbabwe , Sexual behavior surveys -- Zimbabwe , Social perception -- Zimbabwe
- Description: This study sought to establish gender perceptual differences and their effects on the implementation of Policy in the prevention of HIV/AIDS in Makoni District, Zimbabwe. The role of women as caregivers to HIV/AIDS sufferers is also highlighted and how this has deprived them towards social, political and economic development. The source of the data used was the World Health Organisation (WHO) project on Family Planning and AIDS. The sample of the study comprised of 100 men and women from Makoni District, Zimbabwe. In addition to the survey question, focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted. The FGD data complimented the survey results with qualitative information. The objectives of the study looked at people’s attitudes, cultural practices and sexual practices. These were analysed to determine how the gender issues within them affected the HIV/AIDS prevention strategies. The five major prevention strategies focused on in this study are: · promotion of condom use; · reduction of the number of sexual partners; · sticking to one sexual partner; · control and Treatment of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs); and · Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) for HIV to prevent vertical transmission of the disease. Although, the majority of the women indicated that it was acceptable for a married woman to ask her husband to use condoms, this was disputed by the findings from the FGDs. Issues of trust and fidelity were raised,but many men and women reported that they were not prepared to confront one another. The FGD results revealed that the men assert that it is normal for every man to have extra marital relationships, therefore they do not see anything wrong with it. It also came out that there are women who both have no income or partner to support them financially and are living in absolute poverty. These women, if anything, are more likely to increase the number of their sexual partners than reduce them so that they increase their economic base inorder to support their families. It has been established that for effective treatment and control of STDs, there is need for both partners to cooperate and seek treatment at the same time. However, the findings from this study revealed that lack of communication between sexual partners hampered the treatment of these diseases. On the other hand, the men indicated that talking to their wives about STDs would compel them to say where they got it. On the other hand the women reported that their men would accuse them of infidelity if they told them of an STD. FGD results however revealed that men and women were prepared to have HIV testing so that they would know of their status before planning a family. The gender perceptual differences on HIV/AIDS prevention have been identified as follows: · the need for male compliance to use condoms effectively; · the fear of losing trust by suggesting condom use; and · acceptance of male promiscuity by society that perpetuates that risky behaviour and exposure to HIV/AIDS infection and lack of communication between sexual partners, are a hindrance for effective control and treatment of STDs.
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- Date Issued: 2006