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Novas, eclipses and the English stage, 1598-1608

  • Authors: Butler, Guy F
  • Date: 1997
  • Subjects: To be catalogued
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/457738 , vital:75675 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/AJA1011582X_6
  • Description: In the sixteenth and early-seventeenth centuries very few kings, queens or councillors or, indeed, ordinary folk, made any important decisions without consulting their horoscopes. There is no reason to believe that Shakespeare was more sceptical about astrological prediction than his tough-minded Queen; but, even if he were sceptical, he could and did exploit his audience's susceptibility for dramatic ends. A reference to the stars could lift his action from the earthly to the cosmic. Astrological phenomena signalled the involvement of the Heavens with human affairs. In a sense, he and his fellow-dramatists had no option but to exploit the Heavens, because the canopy over half of the Elizabethan stage was referred to as 'the heavens.' It was adorned with paintings of the planets and the signs of the Zodiac. The heavens were built into his theatre, Let us start with eclipses of the sun and moon.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1997

Patterns of sexual size dimorphism in African cichlid fishes

  • Authors: Erlandsson, A , Ribbink, Anthony J
  • Date: 1997
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: vital:7135 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011778
  • Description: Although the Cichlidae is a well-studied family of African fishes, the evolution of sexual size dimorphism (SSD) and its relation to life-history, behaviour, feeding and habitat have not been comparatively examined. The investigation of SSD reported here was based on a study of the scientific literature. Prerequisites to such studies are records of maximum size of adult males and females. Disappointingly few authors published such measurements, so the data are fewer than anticipated given that the cichlids are such a species-rich group. Now that this omission has been noted, it is hoped that investigations of the future will include information on maximum size of adults of both sexes. Data from 215 species showed great variation in the degree and direction of SSD, without any really strong trends being evident. In the majority of species, males were larger than females or there was no size difference between the sexes. In 10% (21 species), females were larger than males. All of these are lacustrine, tend to live in deep water, often over muddy substrata and to feed to a greater extent than expected on non-defendable food sources. The degree of SSD increases with increasing body size in species where males are the larger sex and decreases in species where females are the larger In territorial species, in which competition between territorial males is intensive, males are the larger sex. The expectation that polygynous cichlids would show a more marked degree of SSD than monogamous species was not met. Larger size in females (with one exception) occurs in mouthbrooding species only. Males are the larger sex in substratum brooders. It seems that the degree and direction of sexual size dimorphism in cichlids is a consequence of a balance of natural and sexual selection, but there is a need to increase the sample size to understand the interplay of these selection pressures and to establish the validity of the emerging trends.
  • Full Text: false
  • Date Issued: 1997

Plasmodesmatal frequency in relation to short-distance transport and phloem loading in leaves of barley (Hordeum vulgare). Phloem is not loaded directly from the symplast

  • Authors: Botha, Christiaan E J , Cross, Robin H M
  • Date: 1997
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: vital:6504 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005928
  • Description: We investigated the phloem loading pathway in barley, by determining plasmodesmatal frequencies at the electron microscope level for both intermediate and small blade bundles of mature barley leaves. Lucifer yellow was injected intercellularly into bundle sheath, vascular parenchyma, and thin-walled sieve tubes. Passage of this symplastically transported dye was monitored with an epifluorescence microscope under blue light. Low plasmodesmatal frequencies endarch to the bundle sheath cells are relatively low for most interfaces terminating at the thin- and thick-walled sieve tubes within this C3 species. Lack of connections between vascular parenchyma and sieve tubes, and low frequencies (0.5% plasmodesmata per μm cell wall interface) of connections between vascular parenchyma and companion cells, as well as the very low frequency of pore-plasmodesmatal connections between companion cells and sieve tubes in small bundles (0.2% plasmodesmata per μm cell wall interface), suggest that the companion cell-sieve tube complex is symplastically isolated from other vascular parenchyma cells in small bundles. The degree of cellular connectivity and the potential isolation of the companion cell-sieve tube complex was determined electrophysiologically, using an electrometer coupled to microcapillary electrodes. The less negative cell potential {average -52 mV) from mesophyll to the vascular parenchyma cells contrasted sharply with the more negative potential (-122.5 mV) recorded for the companion cell-thin-walled sieve tube complex. Although intercellular injection of lucifer yellow clearly demonstrated rapid (0.75 μm s-1) longitudinal and radial transport in the bundle sheath-vascular parenchyma complex, as well as from the bundle sheath through transverse veins to adjacent longitudinal veins, we were neither able to detect nor present unequivocal evidence in support of the symplastic connectivity of the sieve tubes to the vascular parenchyma. Injection of the companion cell-sieve tube complex, did not demonstrate backward connectivity to the bundle sheath. We conclude that the low plasmodesmatal frequencies, coupled with a two-domain electropotential zonation configuration, and the negative transport experiments using lucifer yellow, precludes symplastic phloem loading in barley leaves.
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  • Date Issued: 1997

A review of estuarine ichthyology in South Africa over the past 50 years

  • Authors: Whitfield, Alan K
  • Date: 1996
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Article
  • Identifier: vital:7155 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011873
  • Description: Progress in South African estuarine ichthyology between 1946 and 1995 is reviewed. The early estuary surveys of the 1950s and 1960s resulted in the compilation of species lists for individual systems, but contained very little biological or ecological information on fishes. These surveys were superseded by both autecological and synecological studies in the 1970s and 1980s, which yielded descriptive and process-orientated information on a wide variety of species. Estuarine research during the 1990s has focused increasingly at the community level, with several review papers on the life-history styles of groups of estuarine-associated fishes being published. The last decade has also seen the departure of a number of senior estuarine ichthyologists from the field. This decline in available expertise has coincided with increased demand for ichthyological information to be used in decision support systems for the wise management and conservation of estuaries. It is suggested that these demands be seen as a challenge, with studies being directed towards providing the type of information needed for the maintenance of vital ecological processes within these systems.
  • Full Text: false
  • Date Issued: 1996

Bleak future for multi-party elections in Kenya

  • Authors: Fox, Roddy C
  • Date: 1996
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: vital:6683 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006681
  • Description: With attention turning towards Kenya's second multi-party elections, due to be held before the end of 1997, it is imperative to look back to the flaws in the system which helped deliver President Daniel arap Moi and the Kenya African National Union (KANU) their victories in 1992. At present there is no sign of these defects being eradicated and the creation of new districts since then has demonstrated the Government's intention of enhancing an already biased structure. The underlying distribution of tribes and ethnic groups has had a fundamental impact on the electoral geography of Kenya, since they have controlled the delimitation of both the parliamentary constituencies and the administrative machinery of the whole country.
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  • Date Issued: 1996

Fifty years of ichthyology in Grahamstown

  • Authors: Skelton, Paul H
  • Date: 1996
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Article
  • Identifier: vital:7138 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011816
  • Description: In July 1946, the fledgling Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) awarded Dr J.L.B. (James Leonard Brierley) Smith of Rhodes University College a research fellowship of £800 to enable him to devote his energies to ichthyology. The university responded by providing accommodation, equipment and appointing Smith a research professor. These actions marked the beginning of what has become a major academic development in Grahamstown as represented by the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, the Department of Ichthyology and Fisheries Science (DIFS), and the Freshwater Fish Section at the Albany Museum. At present more than 40 people are employed in one way or other in these organizations, more than 20 of them professionals, in addition to whom there are 41 postgraduate students currently studying ichthyology or fisheries science through DIFS at Rhodes University. Altogether this represents a concentration of ichthyological expertise probably unmatched anywhere else in the world. It is opportune therefore to highlight a few of the more significant milestones in the history of ichthyology in Grahamstown and so illuminate some of the key factors behind this achievement.
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  • Date Issued: 1996

Late Devonian charophytes from the Witteberg Group, South Africa

  • Authors: Gess, Robert W , Hiller, Norton
  • Date: 1995
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/72742 , vital:30106 , https://doi.org/10.1016/0034-6667(95)00007-8
  • Description: The first record of Palaeozoic charophytes from southern Africa allows the establishment of two new genera to which are assigned four new species, Octochara crassa, O. gracilis. Hexachara setacea, and H. riniensis. Each species is represented by both vegetative and reproductive structures and suggested reconstructions are presented. Associated plant and animal remains, and the sedimentology and geochemistry of the containing rocks indicate that the charophytes probably grew in the shallow parts of a brackish coastal lagoon.
  • Full Text: false
  • Date Issued: 1995

Patterns of distribution and conservation status of freshwater fishes in South Africa

  • Authors: Skelton, Paul H , Cambray, James A , Lombard A , Benn, G
  • Date: 1995
  • Subjects: To be catalogued
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/447318 , vital:74610 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/AJA00445096_904
  • Description: The combined fish collection databases of the Albany Museum and the J.l.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology are used to identify hotspots of endemism and threatened fish distributions in South Africa. Hotspots of fish species richness occur in the north-eastern lowveld sectors of South Africa and along the ecotone between the tropical/ subtropical and temperate faunal zones. Hotspots of endemic fish richness occur within both the tropical and temperate faunal regions, notably in the Olifants River system, Western Cape and in areas of high relief such as the Cape Fold Mountains, the Amatola-Winterberg (Eastern Cape), and the Drakensberg Escarpment (Kwazulu/ Natal-Eastern Transvaal). Threatened taxa are concentrated in the hotspots of endemic species richness which coincide largely with areas of major river conservation concern. There is limited scope for fish conservation within the ambit of formal (or informal) declared reserves, and the survival of the fauna depends on the success of river catchment conservation management. The value of museum collections in identifying areas of conservation concern for freshwater fishes is emphasized, and highlights the importance of well-preserved voucher specimens for biodiversity conservation.
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  • Date Issued: 1995

A comparison of the ichthyofaunas in two permanently open eastern Cape estuaries

  • Authors: Whitfield, Alan K , Paterson, Angus W , Bok, Anton H , Kok, H M
  • Date: 1994
  • Subjects: To be catalogued
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/447364 , vital:74618 , https://www.ajol.info/index.php/az/article/view/154297
  • Description: The Kowie and Great Fish estuaries are situated less than 30 km apart, yet they differ considerably in terms of riverine inflow, turbidity, food resources and habitat availability. The ichthyofauna of the two estuaries were sampled using plankton, seine and gill nets. A greater ichthyofaunal richness (R) was recorded in the Kowie estuary and this is attributed to the wider range of habitats and greater degree of marine influence in this system. In contrast, all three sampling gears revealed an approximate 3:1 ratio between fish abundance in the Great Fish and Kowie estuaries.
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  • Date Issued: 1994

Fishing Policy development consultative meeting

  • Authors: FAWU
  • Date: Dec 1994
  • Subjects: FAWU
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/118446 , vital:34632
  • Description: On 27 October 1994 we met at the Good Hope Centre with the purpose of launching a process for developing a fisheries policy. The call of the meeting was driven by the problems and the situation faced by Fisher folk. Communities in the coastal areas are starving and living under bad conditions. These resources are not utilised to address these problems at present as stated in the RDP. The present system creates conflict between individuals and between regions. Since the appointment of Mandla Gxanyana at the Good hope centre meeting lots of things have happened, consultation with regions, forums, organisation and individuals on how to take up this process and the formation of the committee. There was final agreement of bottom up approach. This approach encouraged region like Eastern Cape to take up the process and reported into the siting of the legislature of the Eastern Cape region. In KwaZulu Natal process of creating forum have started which include all the players. I hope this process will create a national Fishing Forum, which shall have committee in the different coastal communities, because RDP outline how our resource should be managed, that our communities are great pillar for the management of our resources.
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  • Date Issued: Dec 1994

APDUSA Views

CWIU Congress resolutions 1993 - Draft

  • Authors: Chemical Workers Industrial Union (CWIU)
  • Date: 1993
  • Subjects: CWIU
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/170159 , vital:41863
  • Description: The CWIU recognises the need to develop a long term organisational vision, develop and implement creative and effective strategies, prioritise campaigns/activities in order to be able to sustain these, adapt and change by a process of restructuring, deal effectively with political and economic issues. Development of a long term Vision Congress reaffirms our objective of a socialist future Our programmes must therefore reflect this vision. The trade union movement as a working class organisation has a major role in any socialist programme. The labour movement must remain independent. This independence must not be compromised. Overall strategy for trade union movement The current direction of Cosatu towards so called "Strategic Unionism" must be thoroughly discussed. A progamme of discussion on this must be implemented in the Union. We confirm our belief in the following principles and any strategy must be based on these: worker control, accountability of leadership a combination of negotiations,mass action and struggle as the means to achieve our goals/demands.
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  • Date Issued: 1993

SADTU - Teachers strike back

  • Authors: SADTU
  • Date: June 1993
  • Subjects: SADTU
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/134635 , vital:37185
  • Description: During the past few months, we experienced the mass mobilisation of 70 000 teachers, nationally. This collective showing of unity and strength forced the State to listen to the grievances of teachers. In the Western Cape, militant teachers took to the streets to picket, held successful sit-ins at Regional Offices, participated in mass marches and rallies. We saw unprecedented mass mobilisation of teachers on three occasions. Firstly, a SADTU meeting at the Athlone Civic Centre where a resolution was adopted to intensify ttie campaign against unilateral restructuring and retrenchments. Secondly, after consultations with other teacher organisations in the Western Cape, we embarked on an ‘ambitious’ plan of uniting all organisations against rationalisation, merit awards and our fight for a Living Wage. This culminated in the historic meeting at the Good Hope Centre which drew approx. 10 000 teachers together to demonstrate the anger of teachers at the racist education departments and the intransigent State. Thirdly, The Western Cape Region of SADTU supported the call by National to suspend the strike regarding the Living Wage demand but agreed to continue with strike action, 24 25 May, around the issue of rationalisation and retrenchments. This was in accordance with SADTU National position. On the 26 May, at a SADTU mass rally at the Athlone Stadium, (psst! the Civic Centre was too small !) approx. 9 000 teachers, from as far as Bredasdorp, Swellendam, Ceres, Tulbagh, Vredendal, Malmesbury and Atlantis braved the inclement weather to hear a report-back from our comrade chairperson, Vivienne Carelse who was part of the SADTU National Negotiating Team with the Department of National Education
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  • Date Issued: June 1993

SADTU Western Cape Bulletin - Vol 2

  • Authors: SADTU
  • Date: June 1993
  • Subjects: SADTU
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/134624 , vital:37184
  • Description: During the past few months, we experienced the mass mobilisation of 70 000 teachers, nationally. This collective showing of unity and strength forced the State to listen to the grievances of teachers. In the Western Cape, militant teachers took to the streets to picket, held successful sit-ins at Regional Offices, participated in mass marches and rallies. We saw unprecedented mass mobilisation of teachers on three occasions. Firstly, a SADTU meeting at the Athlone Civic Centre where a resolution was adopted to intensify the campaign against unilateral restructuring and retrenchment. Secondly after consultations with other teacher organisations in the Western Cape, we embarked on an ‘ambitious’ plan of uniting all organisations against rationalisation, merit awards and our fight for a Living Wage, This culminated in the historic meeting at the Good Hope Centre which drew approx. 10 000 teachers together to demonstrate the anger of teachers* at the racist education departments and the intransigent State.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: June 1993

Building CWIU locals in our branch

  • Authors: CWIU
  • Date: 1991
  • Subjects: CWIU
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/152470 , vital:39281
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1991

Job creation scheme in the United States in the depression

  • Authors: NUM
  • Date: 1991
  • Subjects: NUM
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/169055 , vital:41679
  • Description: During the 1930's the world experienced the most wide-spread and severe economic depression in its history. The beginning of the Great Depression was signalled by the great crash on the New York Stock Exchange in 1929.
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  • Date Issued: 1991

ROB report to the COSATU Western Cape Regional Congress

  • Authors: COSATU
  • Date: Mar 1991
  • Subjects: COSATU
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/135365 , vital:37261
  • Description: In this report we have focused more on policy issues than on an assessment of problems in the region, as we need to use our Regional Congresses in preparation for the issues which will be debated at National Congress. The government and the bosses are also trying to stop us making further gains. How do we respond? STATE OF THE NATION In the past year, a number of gains have been made by COSATU, some demands have been won, but many new areas of struggle have opened up. In the past year, a number of gains have been made by COSATU, some demands have been won, but many new areas of struggle have opened up. In October 1990, the SCN accord was signed, which gave us back the old Unfair Labour Practice definition, and also set the scene for introducing new legislation for farm, domestic and public sector workers. Since then, a number of unions have been meeting with sub-committees of the National Manpower Commission as well as the Commision for Administration (CFA) to argue for basic rights and legislation for these workers. COSATU now has a national Public Sector Forum under the COSATU Organising Department, and we are gearing up for this struggle as well as the struggle for an entirely and progressive Labour Relations Act.
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  • Date Issued: Mar 1991

The Behaviour Of Palewinged Starlings And A Comparison With Other Onychognathvs Species

  • Authors: Craig, Adrian J F K , Hulley, Patrick E , Walter, Grenville H
  • Date: 1991
  • Subjects: To be catalogued
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , article
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/447868 , vital:74680 , https://doi.org/10.1080/00306525.1991.9639648
  • Description: Pairs of Palewinged Starlings associate throughout the year and roost at the nest sites. Flock sizes are generally small, even during the non-breeding season. Allofeeding and allopreening have not been recorded. Wing displays emphasize the white region of the primaries. The territory appears to be restricted to the nest site. Interspecific aggression occurred between Redwinged and Palewinged Starlings, and was also directed at other Ed species frequenting the cliff. A form of ceremonial gathering occurs re in Palewinged Starlings. A review of the literature suggests that on behavioural grounds the Palewinged Starling shows no close affinity to the Redwinged Starfng or to any other member of the genus.
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  • Date Issued: 1991

APDUSA Views

Epinephelus suborbitalis, a new species of grouper (Perciformes: Serranidae) from the Kyushu-Palau ridge, western Pacific

  • Authors: Amaoka, Kunio , Randall, John E, 1924- , J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology
  • Date: 1990-04
  • Subjects: Epinephelus suborbitalis , Serranidae -- Classification
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , book
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/70335 , vital:29646 , Margaret Smith Library (South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB)) Periodicals Margaret Smith Library (South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB))
  • Description: Online version of original print edition of the Special Publication of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology; No. 49 , The grouper Epineplielus suborbitalis is described from a single specimen 950 mm in standard length collected in deep water on the Kyushu-Palau Ridge in the Western Pacific Ocean. It is characterized as follows: dorsal fin rays XI,14; anal fin rays III,8; pectoral fin rays 19; lateral-line scales about 63; ctenoid scales; no auxiliary scales; naked maxilla; 3 rows of teeth on midside of lower jaw; enlarged posterior nostril; deeply incised spinous dorsal membranes, slightly rounded caudal fin, and uniform colour.
  • Full Text:
  • Date Issued: 1990-04
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