The relationship between inflation and financial development in South Africa
- Authors: Ninana, Amahle
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Inflation (Finance) -- South Africa South Africa -- Economic development
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Degree
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18643 , vital:42639
- Description: This study examined the relationship between inflation and financial development in South Africa using quarterly data (2005–2016). The study assessed whether theoretical and empirical propositions can be supported in South Africa. Co-integration tests utilising ARDL bounds testing method were employed to examine if there is a relationship between the variables of interest. As a proxy of financial sector development, stock market capitalisation and bank credit to the private sector were employed. Other variables that affect financial development such as money supply, interest rates, Gross Domestic Product, trade openness and net interest margin were also included in the model. The results of the study indicate that there exists a negative relationship between inflation and stock market capitalisation. Bank credit to the private sector showed a positive relationship with inflation both in the short run and long run.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Ninana, Amahle
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Inflation (Finance) -- South Africa South Africa -- Economic development
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Degree
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18643 , vital:42639
- Description: This study examined the relationship between inflation and financial development in South Africa using quarterly data (2005–2016). The study assessed whether theoretical and empirical propositions can be supported in South Africa. Co-integration tests utilising ARDL bounds testing method were employed to examine if there is a relationship between the variables of interest. As a proxy of financial sector development, stock market capitalisation and bank credit to the private sector were employed. Other variables that affect financial development such as money supply, interest rates, Gross Domestic Product, trade openness and net interest margin were also included in the model. The results of the study indicate that there exists a negative relationship between inflation and stock market capitalisation. Bank credit to the private sector showed a positive relationship with inflation both in the short run and long run.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
A sociological investigation of conflict and its effects on employees performance at the Windhoek training centre
- Authors: Van Wyk, Deria
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Conflict Management-- Namibia , Employee motivation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Degree
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/45734 , vital:38959
- Description: Conflicts are an inevitable part of organizational life since the goals of different stakeholders such as managers and staff are often incompatible. Conflict in the workplace can be detrimental to progress, efficiency and performance. In order to create a productive workforce, effective conflict resolution strategies need to be implemented. This has often led to workplace harmony and productivity. If not managed effectively and discreetly, workplace relationships will suffer and consequently will result in disunity and chaos. A cohesive work environment promotes employee performance and organizational effectiveness. Poorly managing conflicts in the workplace can have adverse effects on the level and frequency of future conflicts and can negatively affect productivity, job performance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the causes and effects of conflict at the Windhoek Vocational Training Centre and to find workable solutions to manage the conflict in an effort to improve job satisfaction and employee performance. Performance of Vocational Instructors at the WVTC are not always up to standard due to certain factors. This study aims to identify these factors and find solutions to address these problems. The study has followed a qualitative approach which included individual interviews using an interview guide. Secondary sources which ranges from journal articles and scholarly books were used as per social sciences research requirements
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Van Wyk, Deria
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Conflict Management-- Namibia , Employee motivation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Degree
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/45734 , vital:38959
- Description: Conflicts are an inevitable part of organizational life since the goals of different stakeholders such as managers and staff are often incompatible. Conflict in the workplace can be detrimental to progress, efficiency and performance. In order to create a productive workforce, effective conflict resolution strategies need to be implemented. This has often led to workplace harmony and productivity. If not managed effectively and discreetly, workplace relationships will suffer and consequently will result in disunity and chaos. A cohesive work environment promotes employee performance and organizational effectiveness. Poorly managing conflicts in the workplace can have adverse effects on the level and frequency of future conflicts and can negatively affect productivity, job performance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the causes and effects of conflict at the Windhoek Vocational Training Centre and to find workable solutions to manage the conflict in an effort to improve job satisfaction and employee performance. Performance of Vocational Instructors at the WVTC are not always up to standard due to certain factors. This study aims to identify these factors and find solutions to address these problems. The study has followed a qualitative approach which included individual interviews using an interview guide. Secondary sources which ranges from journal articles and scholarly books were used as per social sciences research requirements
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Local economic development through small businesses in Dimbaza
- Authors: Gantsho, Sixolile
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Economic development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Small business -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Economics -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape South Africa -- Economic conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42174 , vital:36632
- Description: This study was conducted in Dimbaza, a small town outside of King Williams Town. Dimbaza was created as a resettlement township during Apartheid in 1967. The study investigated local economic development through small businesses. The study described the state of the small business sector, it presented the contribution this sector has towards employment creation and income generation. Furthermore, it investigated the challenges that the small business sector in Dimbaza faces and the level of responsiveness from the local authorities in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality which Dimbaza falls under. The study was conducted using a survey questionnaire which was administered to small business entrepreneurs. Furthermore, a focus group with small business owners and semi-structured interviews were conducted with officials from the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality in the Business Development and Local Economic Development Directorate. The findings of the study suggest that Dimbaza has a large informal economy which has of survivalist entrepreneurs with small and micro businesses. It is evident from the study that the small business sector in Dimbaza is facing the following challenges: No access to funding opportunities, a lack of infrastructure, lack of proper running water and electricity and lack of economic development programmes from the municipality. There is a dire need for the intervention of local authorities in the small business sector in Dimbaza. Buffalo City Municipality needs to ensure the creation and implementation of programmes through Local Economic Development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Gantsho, Sixolile
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Economic development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Small business -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Economics -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape South Africa -- Economic conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/42174 , vital:36632
- Description: This study was conducted in Dimbaza, a small town outside of King Williams Town. Dimbaza was created as a resettlement township during Apartheid in 1967. The study investigated local economic development through small businesses. The study described the state of the small business sector, it presented the contribution this sector has towards employment creation and income generation. Furthermore, it investigated the challenges that the small business sector in Dimbaza faces and the level of responsiveness from the local authorities in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality which Dimbaza falls under. The study was conducted using a survey questionnaire which was administered to small business entrepreneurs. Furthermore, a focus group with small business owners and semi-structured interviews were conducted with officials from the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality in the Business Development and Local Economic Development Directorate. The findings of the study suggest that Dimbaza has a large informal economy which has of survivalist entrepreneurs with small and micro businesses. It is evident from the study that the small business sector in Dimbaza is facing the following challenges: No access to funding opportunities, a lack of infrastructure, lack of proper running water and electricity and lack of economic development programmes from the municipality. There is a dire need for the intervention of local authorities in the small business sector in Dimbaza. Buffalo City Municipality needs to ensure the creation and implementation of programmes through Local Economic Development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The contribution of the citrus sub-sector to the economy of Sundays River Valley Local Municipality
- Authors: Smith, Siphelele Ricardo
- Date: 2019
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M Agric (Agric Extension)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18861 , vital:42878
- Description: Neither the South African government, nor organised agriculture, nor the research community, has an accurate understanding of the role that the citrus sub-sector plays in the local economy of the main producing areas. There are in fact few studies in South Africa on the linkages between agriculture and other economic sectors at the local level. Through understanding the backward and forward linkages in the citrus sub-sector in Sundays River Valley, one of South Africa’s main citrus areas, it is possible to obtain a better understanding of how investment and expenditure in this sub-sector might influence other related subsectors. The main objective of the study is to assess and understand the citrus industry's contribution to the local economy of Sundays River Valley Local Municipality. This is done through the estimation of an input-output table which differentiates local from non-local economic linkages, and which also, given the labour intensity of the citrus subsector, is closed with respect to households, i.e. households are treated as an endogenous sector with interrelationships with the other sectors captured. The other sectors captured include agroprocessing, utilities, transport and retail. The input-out table, which is estimated based on primary surveys as well as secondary data, is thereafter used to perform input-output analysis on the basis of which the impact of different types of sectoral development are simulated. Results show that jobs can be created through expansion of area under citrus. In addition, more income to farm workers translates into higher income into the local retail sector. However, labour-saving technology could lead to job losses in both citrus and agroprocessing sectors.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Smith, Siphelele Ricardo
- Date: 2019
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M Agric (Agric Extension)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18861 , vital:42878
- Description: Neither the South African government, nor organised agriculture, nor the research community, has an accurate understanding of the role that the citrus sub-sector plays in the local economy of the main producing areas. There are in fact few studies in South Africa on the linkages between agriculture and other economic sectors at the local level. Through understanding the backward and forward linkages in the citrus sub-sector in Sundays River Valley, one of South Africa’s main citrus areas, it is possible to obtain a better understanding of how investment and expenditure in this sub-sector might influence other related subsectors. The main objective of the study is to assess and understand the citrus industry's contribution to the local economy of Sundays River Valley Local Municipality. This is done through the estimation of an input-output table which differentiates local from non-local economic linkages, and which also, given the labour intensity of the citrus subsector, is closed with respect to households, i.e. households are treated as an endogenous sector with interrelationships with the other sectors captured. The other sectors captured include agroprocessing, utilities, transport and retail. The input-out table, which is estimated based on primary surveys as well as secondary data, is thereafter used to perform input-output analysis on the basis of which the impact of different types of sectoral development are simulated. Results show that jobs can be created through expansion of area under citrus. In addition, more income to farm workers translates into higher income into the local retail sector. However, labour-saving technology could lead to job losses in both citrus and agroprocessing sectors.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
A critical appraisal of 21st century peacebuilding in post-colonial Africa
- Authors: Kepe, Lukhanyo
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Peace-building -- Africa -- 21st century , Conflict management -- Africa Africa -- Politics and government Peacekeeping forces -- Developing countries
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/30726 , vital:31035
- Description: This study presents a critical appraisal of 21st century peacebuilding in Africa predicated on the evasive nature of peace and development on the continent. Peacebuilding and development initiatives have tended to be unsustainable and post-conflict states have tended to revert to conflict shortly after transitions. This reversion is a cause for concern as the continent has made concerted efforts in establishing organisations and invested large sums of funds in ensuring that the prevalence of conflict and subsequent issues culminating from the instability of conflict-ridden nations diminish. Peacebuilding in Africa remains a field that is continually scrutinised due to the nuanced nature of conflict which occurs in the continent. These include, inter alia, the historically Eurocentric nature of conflict resolution endeavours of the contemporary society which subjects Africa towards being aspirants of modernity in perpetuity through peacebuilding efforts that embody conflict resolution methods that overlook the antecedents of the conflict; an endemic cycle that is erroneous to the efforts of bringing peace that is sustainable. Moreover, although there is an extensive body of work pertaining to understanding of sustainable peace, which focusses mostly on the political economy of conflict resolution and peacebuilding, it has been identified that not many studies have been done in a way which seeks to address the Eurocentric epistemologies, philosophies and practices which may affect peacebuilding in conflict ridden ‘post-colonial’ African states. Thus, the analytical perspective of the study will be to explore the orientation of ‘coloniality’ and ‘subjectivity’ in the field and attempt to bring in a decolonial perspective to the debates on conflict and peace in Africa. Quintessential to the author was the prevalence and reoccurrence of conflict in Africa, a pertinent feature which resulted to the development of this study. Moreover, the author undertook the journey which sought to unravel the nuanced nature in which conflict manifests in an African context, as well as seeking to establish sustainable methods of resolving conflict. By analysing various efforts and existing methods of peacebuilding, the author aims to find the problem to the cause which leads conflict ridden states to revert to conflict. The study is fundamentally premised on the theoretical and analytical critic of conflict resolution in Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Kepe, Lukhanyo
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Peace-building -- Africa -- 21st century , Conflict management -- Africa Africa -- Politics and government Peacekeeping forces -- Developing countries
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/30726 , vital:31035
- Description: This study presents a critical appraisal of 21st century peacebuilding in Africa predicated on the evasive nature of peace and development on the continent. Peacebuilding and development initiatives have tended to be unsustainable and post-conflict states have tended to revert to conflict shortly after transitions. This reversion is a cause for concern as the continent has made concerted efforts in establishing organisations and invested large sums of funds in ensuring that the prevalence of conflict and subsequent issues culminating from the instability of conflict-ridden nations diminish. Peacebuilding in Africa remains a field that is continually scrutinised due to the nuanced nature of conflict which occurs in the continent. These include, inter alia, the historically Eurocentric nature of conflict resolution endeavours of the contemporary society which subjects Africa towards being aspirants of modernity in perpetuity through peacebuilding efforts that embody conflict resolution methods that overlook the antecedents of the conflict; an endemic cycle that is erroneous to the efforts of bringing peace that is sustainable. Moreover, although there is an extensive body of work pertaining to understanding of sustainable peace, which focusses mostly on the political economy of conflict resolution and peacebuilding, it has been identified that not many studies have been done in a way which seeks to address the Eurocentric epistemologies, philosophies and practices which may affect peacebuilding in conflict ridden ‘post-colonial’ African states. Thus, the analytical perspective of the study will be to explore the orientation of ‘coloniality’ and ‘subjectivity’ in the field and attempt to bring in a decolonial perspective to the debates on conflict and peace in Africa. Quintessential to the author was the prevalence and reoccurrence of conflict in Africa, a pertinent feature which resulted to the development of this study. Moreover, the author undertook the journey which sought to unravel the nuanced nature in which conflict manifests in an African context, as well as seeking to establish sustainable methods of resolving conflict. By analysing various efforts and existing methods of peacebuilding, the author aims to find the problem to the cause which leads conflict ridden states to revert to conflict. The study is fundamentally premised on the theoretical and analytical critic of conflict resolution in Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Verstegniese aspekte van Daniel Hugo se poësie met spesifieke verwysing na Die Twaalde Letter
- Authors: De Wee, Magdalena
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Hugo, Daniel -- Criticism and interpretation , Afrikaans poetry -- 20th century -- History and criticism
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/29892 , vital:30790
- Description: This dissertation focuses in particular on the different poetic devices used by the Afrikaans poet Daniel Hugo when composing his collection of poems called Die Twaalfde Letter. At first an overview is given of Hugo’s extensive oeuvre, the recurring themes, motifs etc. and subsequently the reception of the collection under discussion. Close readings of poems to establish the rhyme patterns, the rhythm and metre, as well as the different poetic forms used by the poet will be discussed and analyse within the context of the collection as a whole. In the addendum to the dissertation the researcher will include a selection of her own poems based on an engagement with the poetic devices used by Hugo. This is one of the first dissertations dealing exclusively with Hugo’s poetry.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: De Wee, Magdalena
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Hugo, Daniel -- Criticism and interpretation , Afrikaans poetry -- 20th century -- History and criticism
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/29892 , vital:30790
- Description: This dissertation focuses in particular on the different poetic devices used by the Afrikaans poet Daniel Hugo when composing his collection of poems called Die Twaalfde Letter. At first an overview is given of Hugo’s extensive oeuvre, the recurring themes, motifs etc. and subsequently the reception of the collection under discussion. Close readings of poems to establish the rhyme patterns, the rhythm and metre, as well as the different poetic forms used by the poet will be discussed and analyse within the context of the collection as a whole. In the addendum to the dissertation the researcher will include a selection of her own poems based on an engagement with the poetic devices used by Hugo. This is one of the first dissertations dealing exclusively with Hugo’s poetry.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Bank Competition and Economic Growth: The Case of South Africa, Russia and China
- Authors: Sokapase ,Zukile
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Banks and banking
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom (Economics)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/14120 , vital:39846
- Description: This study examined the relationship between bank competition and economic growth across South Africa, Russia and China. In this regard, the study conducted a comparative analysis which allowed for country differences and thus enhanced the provision of relevant policy guidance given how each of the country’s economic growth is reacting to changes in bank competition. To account for country differences, the study estimated a random coefficient panel (RCP) model using Swamy’s generalised least squares (GLS) estimators for the period 1999 – 2015. Across the three countries, bank competition and economic growth have been found to be positively related. In addition, bank competition has been found to be highly significant in influencing economic growth across the three countries. However, the extent of influence that bank competition has on economic growth differs in each country. Therefore, this study recommends that policies aimed at promoting competition in the banking sector of South Africa, Russia and China should be adopted in order to promote economic growth.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Sokapase ,Zukile
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Banks and banking
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom (Economics)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/14120 , vital:39846
- Description: This study examined the relationship between bank competition and economic growth across South Africa, Russia and China. In this regard, the study conducted a comparative analysis which allowed for country differences and thus enhanced the provision of relevant policy guidance given how each of the country’s economic growth is reacting to changes in bank competition. To account for country differences, the study estimated a random coefficient panel (RCP) model using Swamy’s generalised least squares (GLS) estimators for the period 1999 – 2015. Across the three countries, bank competition and economic growth have been found to be positively related. In addition, bank competition has been found to be highly significant in influencing economic growth across the three countries. However, the extent of influence that bank competition has on economic growth differs in each country. Therefore, this study recommends that policies aimed at promoting competition in the banking sector of South Africa, Russia and China should be adopted in order to promote economic growth.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Critical success factors for the implementation of an electronic health record system in the public health care sector of South Africa
- Katurura, Munyaradzi Caurage
- Authors: Katurura, Munyaradzi Caurage
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Medical records -- South Africa -- Data processing Public health -- South Africa Medical records -- Access control -- South Africa.
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13182 , vital:39472
- Description: South Africa intends to implement a National Health Insurance for its citizens, however, for this to be possible there is a need for registering and tracking all the patients who visit health care institutions. The use of EHRs was identified as the most suitable towards accomplishing the above-mentioned tasks. This study investigated other African countries’ EHR implementation efforts in order to identify the critical success factors for the implementation of EHR in South Africa’s public health system. The study conducted a structured literature review of articles written about EHR implementation in African countries and found that issues such as the high costs of implementation; resistance by health workers; a lack of suitable infrastructure; a lack of skills; political influence and poor government commitment were some of the challenges to the implementation of EHRs in African countries. The study then identified 6 critical factors that could address these challenges and ensure that EHR implementation is successful. Identified factors included Incentivising the health informatics career field to attract and retain ICT professionals; Encouraging participation of all stakeholders in the development process of EHR systems; Investigating and investing in alternative infrastructural facilities; Allocating separate budgets for E-health projects; Developing context relevant E-health implementation strategies and frameworks; and finally, Develop and implement Legislation specific to EHR implementation and continued use. Recommendations were also made on each factor regarding how it could be accomplished.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Katurura, Munyaradzi Caurage
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Medical records -- South Africa -- Data processing Public health -- South Africa Medical records -- Access control -- South Africa.
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13182 , vital:39472
- Description: South Africa intends to implement a National Health Insurance for its citizens, however, for this to be possible there is a need for registering and tracking all the patients who visit health care institutions. The use of EHRs was identified as the most suitable towards accomplishing the above-mentioned tasks. This study investigated other African countries’ EHR implementation efforts in order to identify the critical success factors for the implementation of EHR in South Africa’s public health system. The study conducted a structured literature review of articles written about EHR implementation in African countries and found that issues such as the high costs of implementation; resistance by health workers; a lack of suitable infrastructure; a lack of skills; political influence and poor government commitment were some of the challenges to the implementation of EHRs in African countries. The study then identified 6 critical factors that could address these challenges and ensure that EHR implementation is successful. Identified factors included Incentivising the health informatics career field to attract and retain ICT professionals; Encouraging participation of all stakeholders in the development process of EHR systems; Investigating and investing in alternative infrastructural facilities; Allocating separate budgets for E-health projects; Developing context relevant E-health implementation strategies and frameworks; and finally, Develop and implement Legislation specific to EHR implementation and continued use. Recommendations were also made on each factor regarding how it could be accomplished.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Exploring the importance of the mother/child relationship during maternal incarceration : a case study at Worcester female correctional centre
- Authors: Zill, Lizelle Jessie
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Mother and child Children of women prisoners--Effect of imprisonment on Mother-Child Relations
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Social Work
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16058 , vital:40660
- Description: The intention of this research was to explore and discuss the importance of the mother/child relationship during maternal incarceration for aiding a successful reunificationupon release. The Department of Correctional Services is committed to providing a needs-based approach to all offenders including female offenders, who are recognised as special category offenders. The study made use of a qualitative approach and the research design was based on a case study. Data was gathered by means of in-depth interviews with nineteen participants at the Worcester Female Correctional Centre. A literature study was conducted on the importance of strengthening and supporting the mother/child relationship during maternal incarceration, and the challenges experienced in maintaining the mother/child relationship. Thereafter, an empirical exploration was done and the results were purposefully processed and analysed. Through processing and analysing the results, the researcher was able to derive certain conclusions and make recommendations, which are presented in Chapter Five of this thesis. The most important conclusion resulting from the research study is the importance of the maintenance of the mother/child relationship during maternal incarceration. The study made various recommendations that the Department of Correctional Services can utilise to improve its services to female offenders, especially those with children.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Zill, Lizelle Jessie
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Mother and child Children of women prisoners--Effect of imprisonment on Mother-Child Relations
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Social Work
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16058 , vital:40660
- Description: The intention of this research was to explore and discuss the importance of the mother/child relationship during maternal incarceration for aiding a successful reunificationupon release. The Department of Correctional Services is committed to providing a needs-based approach to all offenders including female offenders, who are recognised as special category offenders. The study made use of a qualitative approach and the research design was based on a case study. Data was gathered by means of in-depth interviews with nineteen participants at the Worcester Female Correctional Centre. A literature study was conducted on the importance of strengthening and supporting the mother/child relationship during maternal incarceration, and the challenges experienced in maintaining the mother/child relationship. Thereafter, an empirical exploration was done and the results were purposefully processed and analysed. Through processing and analysing the results, the researcher was able to derive certain conclusions and make recommendations, which are presented in Chapter Five of this thesis. The most important conclusion resulting from the research study is the importance of the maintenance of the mother/child relationship during maternal incarceration. The study made various recommendations that the Department of Correctional Services can utilise to improve its services to female offenders, especially those with children.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
Factors that prevent black South Africans from attaining adequate levels of saving
- Authors: Mantashe, Zuko Nathi
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Saving and investment -- Blacks -- South Africa Finance, Personal -- Blacks -- South Africa , Economic development -- Blacks -- South Africa Economics -- Blacks -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/18551 , vital:28676
- Description: South Africa is trailing behind its BRICS counterparts in terms of Gross national Savings rates. South Africa stands at around 16% of gross domestic product, fellow BRICS members China and Russia are standing at approximately 52% and 22% respectively. South Africa saw a decline from approximately 30% GDP to savings ratio before 1994 to the current level of approximately 16%. The trend has been very similar in comparison with India. The other similarity between these BRICS countries is that they all have seen very rapid growth. All economic indicators have indicated that the economies of the BRICS nations are very strong and have been performing at a superior level to South Africa. South Africa compares even worse with regards to household savings versus its BRICS counterparts. Various arguments and explanations as to why this is so come up on a number of social, government and corporate platforms. The “aspirational” culture is widely blamed for the poor showing of South African households when it comes to savings. The South African financial sector is very sophisticated and is widely blamed for the encouraging consumption and even worse credit consumption. An analysis done by Ecnometrics found that amongst the significant determinants of household saving rates are: uncertainty (inflation), income level, public sector savings, development’s in the global economy and government economic policy. The study revealed that the above factors were very influential in the rapid economic growth and increased per capita net worth seen of the most BRICS countries. The correlation between saving/investment and consumption/irresponsible consumer behavior is indicated to be a very strong one and takes a very longtime to evolve. This requires outrooting certain societal norms, attitudes and culture and replacing it with a brand new behavior, beliefs and aspirations. Role players that emerge as strong drivers in this phenomena is the societal culture however the other role player who prove to be prominent are the policy makers. In most cases the economic and gross national saving rates coincided with major economic policy reforms in the countries that have performed well.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Mantashe, Zuko Nathi
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Saving and investment -- Blacks -- South Africa Finance, Personal -- Blacks -- South Africa , Economic development -- Blacks -- South Africa Economics -- Blacks -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MBA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/18551 , vital:28676
- Description: South Africa is trailing behind its BRICS counterparts in terms of Gross national Savings rates. South Africa stands at around 16% of gross domestic product, fellow BRICS members China and Russia are standing at approximately 52% and 22% respectively. South Africa saw a decline from approximately 30% GDP to savings ratio before 1994 to the current level of approximately 16%. The trend has been very similar in comparison with India. The other similarity between these BRICS countries is that they all have seen very rapid growth. All economic indicators have indicated that the economies of the BRICS nations are very strong and have been performing at a superior level to South Africa. South Africa compares even worse with regards to household savings versus its BRICS counterparts. Various arguments and explanations as to why this is so come up on a number of social, government and corporate platforms. The “aspirational” culture is widely blamed for the poor showing of South African households when it comes to savings. The South African financial sector is very sophisticated and is widely blamed for the encouraging consumption and even worse credit consumption. An analysis done by Ecnometrics found that amongst the significant determinants of household saving rates are: uncertainty (inflation), income level, public sector savings, development’s in the global economy and government economic policy. The study revealed that the above factors were very influential in the rapid economic growth and increased per capita net worth seen of the most BRICS countries. The correlation between saving/investment and consumption/irresponsible consumer behavior is indicated to be a very strong one and takes a very longtime to evolve. This requires outrooting certain societal norms, attitudes and culture and replacing it with a brand new behavior, beliefs and aspirations. Role players that emerge as strong drivers in this phenomena is the societal culture however the other role player who prove to be prominent are the policy makers. In most cases the economic and gross national saving rates coincided with major economic policy reforms in the countries that have performed well.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
A longitudinal study of DNS traffic: understanding current DNS practice and abuse
- Authors: Van Zyl, Ignus
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/3707 , vital:20537
- Description: This thesis examines a dataset spanning 21 months, containing 3,5 billion DNS packets. Traffic on TCP and UDP port 53, was captured on a production /24 IP block. The purpose of this thesis is twofold. The first is to create an understanding of current practice and behavior within the DNS infrastructure, the second to explore current threats faced by the DNS and the various systems that implement it. This is achieved by drawing on analysis and observations from the captured data. Aspects of the operation of DNS on the greater Internet are considered in this research with reference to the observed trends in the dataset, A thorough analysis of current DNS TTL implementation is made with respect to all response traffic, as well as sections looking at observed DNS TTL values for ,za domain replies and NX DOMAIN flagged replies. This thesis found that TTL values implemented are much lower than has been recommended in previous years, and that the TTL decrease is prevalent in most, but not all EE TTL implementation. With respect to the nature of DNS operations, this thesis also concerns itself with an analysis of the geoloeation of authoritative servers for local (,za) domains, and offers further observations towards the latency generated by the choice of authoritative server location for a given ,za domain. It was found that the majority of ,za domain authoritative servers are international, which results in latency generation that is multiple times greater than observed latencies for local authoritative servers. Further analysis is done with respect to NX DOM AIN behavior captured across the dataset. These findings outlined the cost of DNS miseonfiguration as well as highlighting instances of NXDOMAIN generation through malicious practice. With respect to DNS abuses, original research with respect to long-term scanning generated as a result of amplification attack activity on the greater Internet is presented. Many instances of amplification domain scans were captured during the packet capture, and an attempt is made to correlate that activity temporally with known amplification attack reports. The final area that this thesis deals with is the relatively new field of Bitflipping and Bitsquatting, delivering results on bitflip detection and evaluation over the course of the entire dataset. The detection methodology is outlined, and the final results are compared to findings given in recent bitflip literature.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Van Zyl, Ignus
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/3707 , vital:20537
- Description: This thesis examines a dataset spanning 21 months, containing 3,5 billion DNS packets. Traffic on TCP and UDP port 53, was captured on a production /24 IP block. The purpose of this thesis is twofold. The first is to create an understanding of current practice and behavior within the DNS infrastructure, the second to explore current threats faced by the DNS and the various systems that implement it. This is achieved by drawing on analysis and observations from the captured data. Aspects of the operation of DNS on the greater Internet are considered in this research with reference to the observed trends in the dataset, A thorough analysis of current DNS TTL implementation is made with respect to all response traffic, as well as sections looking at observed DNS TTL values for ,za domain replies and NX DOMAIN flagged replies. This thesis found that TTL values implemented are much lower than has been recommended in previous years, and that the TTL decrease is prevalent in most, but not all EE TTL implementation. With respect to the nature of DNS operations, this thesis also concerns itself with an analysis of the geoloeation of authoritative servers for local (,za) domains, and offers further observations towards the latency generated by the choice of authoritative server location for a given ,za domain. It was found that the majority of ,za domain authoritative servers are international, which results in latency generation that is multiple times greater than observed latencies for local authoritative servers. Further analysis is done with respect to NX DOM AIN behavior captured across the dataset. These findings outlined the cost of DNS miseonfiguration as well as highlighting instances of NXDOMAIN generation through malicious practice. With respect to DNS abuses, original research with respect to long-term scanning generated as a result of amplification attack activity on the greater Internet is presented. Many instances of amplification domain scans were captured during the packet capture, and an attempt is made to correlate that activity temporally with known amplification attack reports. The final area that this thesis deals with is the relatively new field of Bitflipping and Bitsquatting, delivering results on bitflip detection and evaluation over the course of the entire dataset. The detection methodology is outlined, and the final results are compared to findings given in recent bitflip literature.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Eye of a needle
- Authors: Fick, Cornelia
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:6003 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1021210
- Description: Most of my stories are about interpersonal relationships between the sexes, as well as intrapersonal processes, such as growing old. I have a deep connection to such themes because of my background as a general nurse and midwife; meeting too many abused women in hospitals, and the broader community. Because patterns of abuse tend to become invisible, I use experimental forms of storytelling as well as sharp, ironic and dark humour as a way to make this side of life more visible. My reading has shown me how experimental forms can render seemingly timeless or ageless topics in a fresh, vital way.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Fick, Cornelia
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:6003 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1021210
- Description: Most of my stories are about interpersonal relationships between the sexes, as well as intrapersonal processes, such as growing old. I have a deep connection to such themes because of my background as a general nurse and midwife; meeting too many abused women in hospitals, and the broader community. Because patterns of abuse tend to become invisible, I use experimental forms of storytelling as well as sharp, ironic and dark humour as a way to make this side of life more visible. My reading has shown me how experimental forms can render seemingly timeless or ageless topics in a fresh, vital way.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Goeie maniere en etiket
- Authors: Van Staden, Antoinique
- Date: 2016
- Language: Afrikaans , English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:6011 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1021226
- Description: This bilingual collection of short stories combines the fairy tale form and the Bizarro genre to explore the value system ingrained in me at a very early age via my conservative Afrikaans upbringing. To my mind the four characteristics of the fairy tale form as identified by Kate Bernheimer (in her path-breaking essay “Fairy Tale is form, Form is Fairy Tale”) namely flatness, abstraction, intuitive logic and normalized magic, also apply to the Bizarro genre. This intersection is exemplified by some of Bernheimer's own fiction, as well as the fiction of Aimee Bender and Lucy Corin, among others, all of whom have influenced my writing. , Hierdie tweetalige versameling kortverhale kombineer sprokieselemente met die van die Bizarro-genre, om die waardesisteem wat van kleins af deur my konserwatiewe Afrikaanse opvoeding by my ingeprent is, te ondersoek. Die vier eienskappe van die sprokie word deur Kate Bernheimer in haar baanbrekende opstel Fairy tale is form, Form is fairy tale uitgelê as: ’n onbetrokke verteller, abstraksie, instinktiewe logika en genormaliseerde towerkuns. Na my mening is dié vier eienskappe ook op die Bizarro-genre van toepassing. Hierdie oorvleuling is sigbaar in Bernheimer se fiksie en ook onder andere Lucy Corin en Aimee Bender s'n – skrywers wat my werk beïnvloed het. , This thesis is presented in two parts: Afrikaans and English.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Van Staden, Antoinique
- Date: 2016
- Language: Afrikaans , English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:6011 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1021226
- Description: This bilingual collection of short stories combines the fairy tale form and the Bizarro genre to explore the value system ingrained in me at a very early age via my conservative Afrikaans upbringing. To my mind the four characteristics of the fairy tale form as identified by Kate Bernheimer (in her path-breaking essay “Fairy Tale is form, Form is Fairy Tale”) namely flatness, abstraction, intuitive logic and normalized magic, also apply to the Bizarro genre. This intersection is exemplified by some of Bernheimer's own fiction, as well as the fiction of Aimee Bender and Lucy Corin, among others, all of whom have influenced my writing. , Hierdie tweetalige versameling kortverhale kombineer sprokieselemente met die van die Bizarro-genre, om die waardesisteem wat van kleins af deur my konserwatiewe Afrikaanse opvoeding by my ingeprent is, te ondersoek. Die vier eienskappe van die sprokie word deur Kate Bernheimer in haar baanbrekende opstel Fairy tale is form, Form is fairy tale uitgelê as: ’n onbetrokke verteller, abstraksie, instinktiewe logika en genormaliseerde towerkuns. Na my mening is dié vier eienskappe ook op die Bizarro-genre van toepassing. Hierdie oorvleuling is sigbaar in Bernheimer se fiksie en ook onder andere Lucy Corin en Aimee Bender s'n – skrywers wat my werk beïnvloed het. , This thesis is presented in two parts: Afrikaans and English.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Impact of smallholder irrigation schemes on rural livelihoods of farmers in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa: the case of Melani Irrigation Scheme
- Authors: Magqibelo, Sinovuyo
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Irrigation farming -- Economic aspects Irrigation -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Farms, Small -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Rural development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Agriculture -- Economic aspects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/1774 , vital:27557
- Description: Irrigation farming is one of the most important rural development investments that can have both direct and indirect impacts on poverty and food security. The irregular and unreliable rainfall in the Eastern Cape Province has caused the smallholder farmers to deepen the irrigation farming systems as a strategy to cope with food shortage, income and poverty. South Africa has invested substantially in smallholder irrigation to benefit smallholder farmers in the less developed areas. Although the investment on small scale irrigation was to improve the welfare of the people, the performance and welfare impact of smallholder irrigation schemes has been poor and fall far short of the expectations of many stakeholders. The broad objective of the study was to examine the contribution of smallholder irrigation scheme on rural livelihoods of smallholder farmers at the project area. The null hypothesis was that smallholder irrigation schemes have no impact on farmer’s livelihoods. The alternative hypothesis for this study was that Melani irrigation scheme is contributing in improving rural livelihoods of smallholder farmers in the area. Cross study research design was used in the methodology. The purposive sampling was applied in order to choose a sample of 107 respondents that were interviewed using questionnaires, including both irrigating and non-irrigating farmers. A multiple linear regression analysis was used to find out whether the performance of the two groups of farmers is different and to what extent. To determine the specific role of irrigation an Independent T-Test was ran. Out of the selected sample 68 percent of households were farmers, 7.5 percent informal employed and 27 percent unemployed. It was found that the majority of participants were males and were uneducated. They depended on social grants for a living. The findings from the study showed that 84 percent of the respondents agreed that there is no market available in the village and farmers had limited access to credits. The crop income was the most contributing factor to household income. The results showed that whether the farmer is a non-irrigator or an irrigator the performance is not significant. Irrigation scheme improvement attained by smallholder farmers need to be maintained.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Magqibelo, Sinovuyo
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Irrigation farming -- Economic aspects Irrigation -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Farms, Small -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Rural development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Agriculture -- Economic aspects -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/1774 , vital:27557
- Description: Irrigation farming is one of the most important rural development investments that can have both direct and indirect impacts on poverty and food security. The irregular and unreliable rainfall in the Eastern Cape Province has caused the smallholder farmers to deepen the irrigation farming systems as a strategy to cope with food shortage, income and poverty. South Africa has invested substantially in smallholder irrigation to benefit smallholder farmers in the less developed areas. Although the investment on small scale irrigation was to improve the welfare of the people, the performance and welfare impact of smallholder irrigation schemes has been poor and fall far short of the expectations of many stakeholders. The broad objective of the study was to examine the contribution of smallholder irrigation scheme on rural livelihoods of smallholder farmers at the project area. The null hypothesis was that smallholder irrigation schemes have no impact on farmer’s livelihoods. The alternative hypothesis for this study was that Melani irrigation scheme is contributing in improving rural livelihoods of smallholder farmers in the area. Cross study research design was used in the methodology. The purposive sampling was applied in order to choose a sample of 107 respondents that were interviewed using questionnaires, including both irrigating and non-irrigating farmers. A multiple linear regression analysis was used to find out whether the performance of the two groups of farmers is different and to what extent. To determine the specific role of irrigation an Independent T-Test was ran. Out of the selected sample 68 percent of households were farmers, 7.5 percent informal employed and 27 percent unemployed. It was found that the majority of participants were males and were uneducated. They depended on social grants for a living. The findings from the study showed that 84 percent of the respondents agreed that there is no market available in the village and farmers had limited access to credits. The crop income was the most contributing factor to household income. The results showed that whether the farmer is a non-irrigator or an irrigator the performance is not significant. Irrigation scheme improvement attained by smallholder farmers need to be maintained.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
The role of leadership in shaping organisational culture in a school in Namibia.
- Authors: Nangolo, Filemon
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:2075 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1021303
- Description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of leadership in shaping the culture of a rural combined school in Oshikoto Region, northern Namibia. This school had previously performed poorly in terms of Grade 10 examination statistics for many years. However, after the appointment of a new Principal, the academic performance of the school has improved tremendously over for the past five years. Having been a teacher, Head of Department, Deputy Principal, Principal, and later an Inspector of Education, I had long held the view that the academic performance of the school depended entirely on the type of leadership the school had. Equally, I have always been aware of the negative impact of the past segregation and the discriminatory education provided by the colonial masters in South Africa and South West Africa/Namibia. The poor education provided to South Africans and the then South West Africa /Namibia posed a serious challenge to the leadership and management of schools as the majority of Principals, if not all, were poorly and inadequately trained to provide the necessary skills needed for one to be a successful Principal. Given this background, I tried to use a case study to explore the role of leadership in shaping the culture of the organisation. Research suggests that there is a strong relationship between organisational culture and school effectiveness. This study was guided by Schein’s three levels of organisational culture namely artifacts, espoused values and basic assumptions (Schein, 1992, p. 17). From these arise the following research questions: What do artifacts (symbols, structures, procedures and policies) reveal about the school culture? What are the espoused values shaping the school culture? What basic assumptions underpin the leadership of the school culture? How does leadership contribute to the creation and maintenance of a positive organisational culture at a school? The data was collected by using three different data collection methods namely, observation, document analysis and interviewing different people who hold leadership positions in the school. These were the Principal, a Head of Department, School Board chairperson, a teacher in the school management team (SMT) and a class monitor. With regard to data analysis, I first immersed myself in the data and I developed themes that formed the basis of my discussion with my research questions in mind. The analysis revealed that leadership plays a pivotal role in shaping the culture at the case study school. However, it emerged that despite the existence of a strong culture at the case study school, as with all other organisations, there are some challenges that limit the school to realise its goal of 100 % A-B symbols in all subjects.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Nangolo, Filemon
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:2075 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1021303
- Description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of leadership in shaping the culture of a rural combined school in Oshikoto Region, northern Namibia. This school had previously performed poorly in terms of Grade 10 examination statistics for many years. However, after the appointment of a new Principal, the academic performance of the school has improved tremendously over for the past five years. Having been a teacher, Head of Department, Deputy Principal, Principal, and later an Inspector of Education, I had long held the view that the academic performance of the school depended entirely on the type of leadership the school had. Equally, I have always been aware of the negative impact of the past segregation and the discriminatory education provided by the colonial masters in South Africa and South West Africa/Namibia. The poor education provided to South Africans and the then South West Africa /Namibia posed a serious challenge to the leadership and management of schools as the majority of Principals, if not all, were poorly and inadequately trained to provide the necessary skills needed for one to be a successful Principal. Given this background, I tried to use a case study to explore the role of leadership in shaping the culture of the organisation. Research suggests that there is a strong relationship between organisational culture and school effectiveness. This study was guided by Schein’s three levels of organisational culture namely artifacts, espoused values and basic assumptions (Schein, 1992, p. 17). From these arise the following research questions: What do artifacts (symbols, structures, procedures and policies) reveal about the school culture? What are the espoused values shaping the school culture? What basic assumptions underpin the leadership of the school culture? How does leadership contribute to the creation and maintenance of a positive organisational culture at a school? The data was collected by using three different data collection methods namely, observation, document analysis and interviewing different people who hold leadership positions in the school. These were the Principal, a Head of Department, School Board chairperson, a teacher in the school management team (SMT) and a class monitor. With regard to data analysis, I first immersed myself in the data and I developed themes that formed the basis of my discussion with my research questions in mind. The analysis revealed that leadership plays a pivotal role in shaping the culture at the case study school. However, it emerged that despite the existence of a strong culture at the case study school, as with all other organisations, there are some challenges that limit the school to realise its goal of 100 % A-B symbols in all subjects.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
An analysis of "self-determination" in international law : the case of South Sudan
- Authors: Zimuto, Prince Charles
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Self-determination, National Decolonization -- South Sudan Sudan -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , LLM
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/5697 , vital:29364
- Description: This research intends to investigate the scope and applicability of the concept of ‘self-determination’ outside the context of decolonisation using South Sudan as a case study. Demands for the exercise of the right to self-determination are widespread. These are vehemently resisted by states who view the concept of ‘self-determination’ as a potential source of territorial disintegration. International instruments which provide for the right to self-determination also discourage the impairment of the territorial integrity of states in the name of self-determination. The problem faced in international law is therefore how to balance the right to self-determination with the principle of territorial integrity. The study reveals that the general understanding is that outside the context of decolonisation the right to self-determination may be exercised within the territorial boundaries of a state without compromising the territorial integrity of a state. The internal exercise of the right to self-determination entails human rights protection, participation in the political affairs of the state and autonomy arrangements. This general understanding is however problematic where a state systemically violates the rights of its people and denies them political participation in the affairs of the state. The people of South Sudan found themselves in such a situation from the time when Sudan gained independence from British colonial rule. Despite a number of negotiations with the government of Sudan, the people of South Sudan continued to be marginalised and their rights violated with impunity. They then demanded to exercise their right to self-determination externally and eventually they seceded from Sudan through the framework created by the Comprehensive Peace Agreement of 2005. In the light of the secession of South Sudan from Sudan this study proposes a remedial self-determination approach to the understanding of post-colonial self-determination. In terms of this approach when people are denied the right to exercise their right to self-determination internally, or their rights are deliberately and systemically violated, they may exercise their right to self-determination externally and secede.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Zimuto, Prince Charles
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Self-determination, National Decolonization -- South Sudan Sudan -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , LLM
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/5697 , vital:29364
- Description: This research intends to investigate the scope and applicability of the concept of ‘self-determination’ outside the context of decolonisation using South Sudan as a case study. Demands for the exercise of the right to self-determination are widespread. These are vehemently resisted by states who view the concept of ‘self-determination’ as a potential source of territorial disintegration. International instruments which provide for the right to self-determination also discourage the impairment of the territorial integrity of states in the name of self-determination. The problem faced in international law is therefore how to balance the right to self-determination with the principle of territorial integrity. The study reveals that the general understanding is that outside the context of decolonisation the right to self-determination may be exercised within the territorial boundaries of a state without compromising the territorial integrity of a state. The internal exercise of the right to self-determination entails human rights protection, participation in the political affairs of the state and autonomy arrangements. This general understanding is however problematic where a state systemically violates the rights of its people and denies them political participation in the affairs of the state. The people of South Sudan found themselves in such a situation from the time when Sudan gained independence from British colonial rule. Despite a number of negotiations with the government of Sudan, the people of South Sudan continued to be marginalised and their rights violated with impunity. They then demanded to exercise their right to self-determination externally and eventually they seceded from Sudan through the framework created by the Comprehensive Peace Agreement of 2005. In the light of the secession of South Sudan from Sudan this study proposes a remedial self-determination approach to the understanding of post-colonial self-determination. In terms of this approach when people are denied the right to exercise their right to self-determination internally, or their rights are deliberately and systemically violated, they may exercise their right to self-determination externally and secede.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Geomorphic and ambient environmental impacts on lichen distribution on two inland Nunataks in western Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica
- Authors: Dwight, Rosemary Anne
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Lichens -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Lichen communities -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Lichens -- Climatic factors -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Lichens -- Effect of environment on -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Biotic communities -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Biotic communities -- Climatic factors -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Biodiversity -- Climatic factors -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4889 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018189
- Description: Feedbacks between abiotic variables and community structure in Antarctica are poorly understood. Research is, therefore, required to elucidate the patterns of biodiversity that exist and the factors that influence them, particularly under changing climates. Landscape processes affect environmental heterogeneity, which in turn affect patterns of biodiversity. Two inland Antarctic nunataks, Robertskollen and the Northern Buttress of Vesleskarvet, were selected for investigation to determine the potential impact of selected environmental factors on lichen distribution and abundance, at the intra- and inter-nunatak scales. Lichens were found to prefer rock faces with dips between 1° and 45°, and northern/southern aspects. Lichen colonisation was mostly in microtopographical features that result from rock weathering. The distribution of lichens was found to be regular at the intra- and inter-nunatak scale, whereas lichen abundance was found to be mostly influenced by temperature. On the Northern Buttress, rock hardness displays a similar pattern to lichen abundance, both of which are suggested to be a function of exposure time, which is dependent on deglaciation. The two nunataks serve as excellent laboratories that can potentially be used as proxies for investigating the possible impacts of climate change
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Dwight, Rosemary Anne
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Lichens -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Lichen communities -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Lichens -- Climatic factors -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Lichens -- Effect of environment on -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Biotic communities -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Biotic communities -- Climatic factors -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land , Biodiversity -- Climatic factors -- Antarctica -- Queen Maud Land
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:4889 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018189
- Description: Feedbacks between abiotic variables and community structure in Antarctica are poorly understood. Research is, therefore, required to elucidate the patterns of biodiversity that exist and the factors that influence them, particularly under changing climates. Landscape processes affect environmental heterogeneity, which in turn affect patterns of biodiversity. Two inland Antarctic nunataks, Robertskollen and the Northern Buttress of Vesleskarvet, were selected for investigation to determine the potential impact of selected environmental factors on lichen distribution and abundance, at the intra- and inter-nunatak scales. Lichens were found to prefer rock faces with dips between 1° and 45°, and northern/southern aspects. Lichen colonisation was mostly in microtopographical features that result from rock weathering. The distribution of lichens was found to be regular at the intra- and inter-nunatak scale, whereas lichen abundance was found to be mostly influenced by temperature. On the Northern Buttress, rock hardness displays a similar pattern to lichen abundance, both of which are suggested to be a function of exposure time, which is dependent on deglaciation. The two nunataks serve as excellent laboratories that can potentially be used as proxies for investigating the possible impacts of climate change
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Journalism sourcing and credibility: a study of Raia Mwema’s use of anonymous sources
- Authors: Mkoko, Egbert
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Raia Mwema , Newspapers -- Tanzania , Journalism -- Tanzania , Attribution of news -- Tanzania
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3529 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013219
- Description: This study analyses how readers impute credibility to the Tanzanian investigative newspaper Raia Mwema which, as a matter of routine journalistic practice, uses a high number of anonymous sources. Against the backdrop of a strong theoretical position, espoused by media studies theorists in both Western media contexts and in Africa, in which this practice is deemed to diminish the credibility of both journalists and their stories, the study’s main purpose is to examine how readers make sense of this very prevalent practice in a country that has recently opened up to media plurality. It also investigates where they locate the source of credibility for this high-selling newspaper, if not in the traditional way through its named sources of information. The study surveys the frequency of appearance of anonymous sources in this newspaper for the period of one year from January 2011 to December 2011. Then the study considered how this practice is viewed and understood by the wider journalistic community in Tanzania as well as looking into how the journalists and owners of Raia Mwema make choices about attributing their journalism. Lastly, the study engaged with particular readers to understand what sense they make of this practice in the wider landscape of Tanzanian media and the post-repressive political situation. The study makes use of theories of the sociology of news production so as to understand the context in which Raia Mwema has routinised the practice of anonymous attribution and whether the journalistic community and newspaper readers find the practice credible. The study also employs reception analysis in order to understand to what extent Raia Mwema readers negotiate and make sense of the mainly political, and often critical, media messages they get from newspaper. In this way, it introduces the importance of the reader in the production of meaning and of assessment of credibility of journalism. The interviews – ranging from journalists working at the paper, through the wider journalistic community and taking in the readership of the paper – show that theoretical considerations of journalistic credibility must take into account the political, social and media context in which journalism is produced. Pronouncements on the overuse of anonymous sources, without understanding the way readers and journalists negotiate the complexities of an actual situation, do not tell us much about credibility and how readers understand the messages they are given. From this study, it is clear that in African countries embarking on opening media systems, credibility involves more factors than have been discussed in the literature and that readers and journalists are sophisticated consumers and producers of media messages in countries that place a host of obstacles in the way of investigative journalism and open political communication.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Mkoko, Egbert
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Raia Mwema , Newspapers -- Tanzania , Journalism -- Tanzania , Attribution of news -- Tanzania
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3529 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013219
- Description: This study analyses how readers impute credibility to the Tanzanian investigative newspaper Raia Mwema which, as a matter of routine journalistic practice, uses a high number of anonymous sources. Against the backdrop of a strong theoretical position, espoused by media studies theorists in both Western media contexts and in Africa, in which this practice is deemed to diminish the credibility of both journalists and their stories, the study’s main purpose is to examine how readers make sense of this very prevalent practice in a country that has recently opened up to media plurality. It also investigates where they locate the source of credibility for this high-selling newspaper, if not in the traditional way through its named sources of information. The study surveys the frequency of appearance of anonymous sources in this newspaper for the period of one year from January 2011 to December 2011. Then the study considered how this practice is viewed and understood by the wider journalistic community in Tanzania as well as looking into how the journalists and owners of Raia Mwema make choices about attributing their journalism. Lastly, the study engaged with particular readers to understand what sense they make of this practice in the wider landscape of Tanzanian media and the post-repressive political situation. The study makes use of theories of the sociology of news production so as to understand the context in which Raia Mwema has routinised the practice of anonymous attribution and whether the journalistic community and newspaper readers find the practice credible. The study also employs reception analysis in order to understand to what extent Raia Mwema readers negotiate and make sense of the mainly political, and often critical, media messages they get from newspaper. In this way, it introduces the importance of the reader in the production of meaning and of assessment of credibility of journalism. The interviews – ranging from journalists working at the paper, through the wider journalistic community and taking in the readership of the paper – show that theoretical considerations of journalistic credibility must take into account the political, social and media context in which journalism is produced. Pronouncements on the overuse of anonymous sources, without understanding the way readers and journalists negotiate the complexities of an actual situation, do not tell us much about credibility and how readers understand the messages they are given. From this study, it is clear that in African countries embarking on opening media systems, credibility involves more factors than have been discussed in the literature and that readers and journalists are sophisticated consumers and producers of media messages in countries that place a host of obstacles in the way of investigative journalism and open political communication.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
New Economic Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) and Africa's quest for regional economic integration: the case of Southern African Development Community (SADC)
- Authors: Chigombe, Courage
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: New Partnership for Africa's Development , Southern African Development Community , Sustainable development -- Africa, Southern , Africa, Southern -- Economic conditions , Africa -- Economic policy
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/2072 , vital:27604
- Description: Despite according high priority to regional economic integration and being clustered by regional economic schemes, Africa’s regional economic integration record is not inspiring. With the transformation of the OAU to the African Union (AU), the New Partnership for Africa`s Development (NEPAD) was adopted as the development program of the continent to drive the impetus of economic integration through trade. At the time NEPAD was adopted, regional integration schemes in Africa were facing problems of low intra-regional trade levels despite trade being identified as the engine of activity and economic growth for regional economic integration. The study was centered on Southern Africa with precise attention on SADC. Even though trade is accepted as a vital engine of economic growth and development, this is not the case with SADC. The study was looking at the contribution of NEPAD in intra-regional trade in Africa with special focus on SADC. This was prompted by the fact that regional integration is business as usual within the sub region while problems that have been confronting regional schemes are continuing unabated after the adoption of NEPAD. The study used the historical approach because it provides the study with an advantage of accessing existing literature with regards to what is really stalling intra-regional trade in SADC. The study findings noted that NEPAD has not fully addressed the problems of intra-regional trade within SADC and the continent at large. The study lastly concludes by giving a way forward for NEPAD to respond to the specific needs of SADC for the promotion of intra-regional and equitable trade.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Chigombe, Courage
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: New Partnership for Africa's Development , Southern African Development Community , Sustainable development -- Africa, Southern , Africa, Southern -- Economic conditions , Africa -- Economic policy
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/2072 , vital:27604
- Description: Despite according high priority to regional economic integration and being clustered by regional economic schemes, Africa’s regional economic integration record is not inspiring. With the transformation of the OAU to the African Union (AU), the New Partnership for Africa`s Development (NEPAD) was adopted as the development program of the continent to drive the impetus of economic integration through trade. At the time NEPAD was adopted, regional integration schemes in Africa were facing problems of low intra-regional trade levels despite trade being identified as the engine of activity and economic growth for regional economic integration. The study was centered on Southern Africa with precise attention on SADC. Even though trade is accepted as a vital engine of economic growth and development, this is not the case with SADC. The study was looking at the contribution of NEPAD in intra-regional trade in Africa with special focus on SADC. This was prompted by the fact that regional integration is business as usual within the sub region while problems that have been confronting regional schemes are continuing unabated after the adoption of NEPAD. The study used the historical approach because it provides the study with an advantage of accessing existing literature with regards to what is really stalling intra-regional trade in SADC. The study findings noted that NEPAD has not fully addressed the problems of intra-regional trade within SADC and the continent at large. The study lastly concludes by giving a way forward for NEPAD to respond to the specific needs of SADC for the promotion of intra-regional and equitable trade.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
Psychiatric in-patients’ experiences of an art group : with a focus on the self
- Authors: Holtzhausen, Minnon
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Art therapy -- Case studies , Group psychotherapy -- Case studies , Cognitive therapy -- Case studies , Self-actualization (Psychology) , Self-perception , Mental illness -- Treatment , Psychotherapy patients -- Treatment
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3232 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013146
- Description: Aims: It is argued that one’s sense of self is threatened and eroded by mental illness. According to the narrative perspective, one’s personal life narrative is displaced and maintained by a story of illness. However, dialogical self theorists argue that mental illness limits the number of ‘I’ positions available within an individual, resulting in the positions/voices becoming rigid and being dominated by a singular, monological position. The aims of this qualitative study are to attempt to understand and examine psychiatric inpatients’ personal lived experiences of an art group. The goal of the study is to focus on the impact of the art-making process on these patients with regards to the construction of their sense of self. Design: A qualitative research design was used in the study. Method: Four psychiatric in-patient art group members – three male and one female, between the ages of 27 and 40 – were interviewed. A semi-structured interview schedule consisting of sixteen questions focusing on the interviewees’ experiences of the art group was used. The interviews were analysed using an interpretive phenomenological analysis. Results: Three superordinate themes emerged: What the Participants Gained From the Art Group, Sense of Community and Leaving a Mark, and The Experience of Self in the Art group. All three Superordinate themes fall within the participants’ experience of the art group. Conclusion: All four of the participants expressed positive feelings and enjoyment towards the art group. Participation in the art group provided the participants with a sense of pride, achievement and hope within their lives. As a result of participation on the art group, one of the four participants was able to construct a thin alternative experience and sense of self.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Holtzhausen, Minnon
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Art therapy -- Case studies , Group psychotherapy -- Case studies , Cognitive therapy -- Case studies , Self-actualization (Psychology) , Self-perception , Mental illness -- Treatment , Psychotherapy patients -- Treatment
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3232 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013146
- Description: Aims: It is argued that one’s sense of self is threatened and eroded by mental illness. According to the narrative perspective, one’s personal life narrative is displaced and maintained by a story of illness. However, dialogical self theorists argue that mental illness limits the number of ‘I’ positions available within an individual, resulting in the positions/voices becoming rigid and being dominated by a singular, monological position. The aims of this qualitative study are to attempt to understand and examine psychiatric inpatients’ personal lived experiences of an art group. The goal of the study is to focus on the impact of the art-making process on these patients with regards to the construction of their sense of self. Design: A qualitative research design was used in the study. Method: Four psychiatric in-patient art group members – three male and one female, between the ages of 27 and 40 – were interviewed. A semi-structured interview schedule consisting of sixteen questions focusing on the interviewees’ experiences of the art group was used. The interviews were analysed using an interpretive phenomenological analysis. Results: Three superordinate themes emerged: What the Participants Gained From the Art Group, Sense of Community and Leaving a Mark, and The Experience of Self in the Art group. All three Superordinate themes fall within the participants’ experience of the art group. Conclusion: All four of the participants expressed positive feelings and enjoyment towards the art group. Participation in the art group provided the participants with a sense of pride, achievement and hope within their lives. As a result of participation on the art group, one of the four participants was able to construct a thin alternative experience and sense of self.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014