“Attitudes of community members on the professional behaviour displayed by nurses towards their clients in Mnquma Local Municipality, Dutywa
- Authors: Bomela, Nobantu
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Nursing ethics
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSW
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16199 , vital:40695
- Description: This study explored the attitudes of community members on the professional behaviour displayed by nurses towards their clients in Dutywa location of Mnquma local Municipality, Eastern Cape. The study endeavoured to achieve the following specific objectives: (i) to explore the community members’ perceptions towards the professional behaviour displayed by nurses towards their clients; (ii) to establish the community members’ perceptions on the impact of nurses’ professional behaviour towards the healing of patients; and lastly (iii) to establish strategies to enhance the nurses’ positive professional behaviour towards their clients. The study was premised on Socio-Ecological Model. Methodologically, the study used both qualitative and quantitative paradigm and was thus guided by mixed research designs, which were a case study and a mini survey. The data was collected through in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions in the qualitative aspect of the study. In addition, the quantitative data was gathered through the use of questionnaires. The study used both nonprobability and probability methods of sample selection. Specifically, purposive sampling for qualitative sample and cluster random sampling for quantitative sample was used. Using these techniques, ten (10) participants were selected for qualitative individual interviews, and two focus groups which comprised of five (5) members for each group. Furthermore, questionnaires were (30) individual respondents. Qualitative data was analysed using content thematic analysis, while descriptive statistics was used to analyse quantitative data. The study revealed the following: maltreatment of patients by the nurses; nurses’ behaviour revealed professional deficit; nurses manifested bias in treating their patients; the phenomenon of patients being arrogant and impulsive, negative v treatment dissuades patients from visiting the health-care services and a need for more training or holding workshops for in patient-nurse relationship. Based on the evidence gathered in this study, the following recommendations were made: nurses should revisit their nurses’ code of conduct; improving communication between both the nurses and the clients; and lastly increasing of staff members in the clinic. The study concluded that patient abuse has a long-standing history that can be traced back to ancient times, which is mostly common against women and children, in most cases; the client is often vulnerable because the nurse has more power than the client. Moreover, the nurse has influence, access to information, and specialized knowledge and skills, of which that alone can lead to the nurses mistreating their patients.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Bomela, Nobantu
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Nursing ethics
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSW
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16199 , vital:40695
- Description: This study explored the attitudes of community members on the professional behaviour displayed by nurses towards their clients in Dutywa location of Mnquma local Municipality, Eastern Cape. The study endeavoured to achieve the following specific objectives: (i) to explore the community members’ perceptions towards the professional behaviour displayed by nurses towards their clients; (ii) to establish the community members’ perceptions on the impact of nurses’ professional behaviour towards the healing of patients; and lastly (iii) to establish strategies to enhance the nurses’ positive professional behaviour towards their clients. The study was premised on Socio-Ecological Model. Methodologically, the study used both qualitative and quantitative paradigm and was thus guided by mixed research designs, which were a case study and a mini survey. The data was collected through in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions in the qualitative aspect of the study. In addition, the quantitative data was gathered through the use of questionnaires. The study used both nonprobability and probability methods of sample selection. Specifically, purposive sampling for qualitative sample and cluster random sampling for quantitative sample was used. Using these techniques, ten (10) participants were selected for qualitative individual interviews, and two focus groups which comprised of five (5) members for each group. Furthermore, questionnaires were (30) individual respondents. Qualitative data was analysed using content thematic analysis, while descriptive statistics was used to analyse quantitative data. The study revealed the following: maltreatment of patients by the nurses; nurses’ behaviour revealed professional deficit; nurses manifested bias in treating their patients; the phenomenon of patients being arrogant and impulsive, negative v treatment dissuades patients from visiting the health-care services and a need for more training or holding workshops for in patient-nurse relationship. Based on the evidence gathered in this study, the following recommendations were made: nurses should revisit their nurses’ code of conduct; improving communication between both the nurses and the clients; and lastly increasing of staff members in the clinic. The study concluded that patient abuse has a long-standing history that can be traced back to ancient times, which is mostly common against women and children, in most cases; the client is often vulnerable because the nurse has more power than the client. Moreover, the nurse has influence, access to information, and specialized knowledge and skills, of which that alone can lead to the nurses mistreating their patients.
- Full Text:
Assessing the implementation and effects of the Fetsa Tlala Food Initiative Programme in achieving its vision of eradicating household level food insecurity in Lukhanji Local Municipality, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
- Authors: Njara, L I
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Poverty -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Food security -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Households -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/10476 , vital:35484
- Description: Declining agrarian activities in significant parts of the country, even in the subsistence sector, has meant that access to food is increasingly a function of household cash income, hence low-income households experience inadequate access to food. Over 12 million people in South Africa are vulnerable to food insecurity. Since 2013, substantial efforts and large sums of money have been devoted to poverty reduction through government’s Fetsa Tlala Food Production Initiative. Fetsa Tlala was conceptualised as an integrated government framework that seeks to promote food and nutrition security and to address the structural causes of food insecurity, which continue to perpetuate inequality and social exclusion. The main objective of this study is to assess the implementation and effects of Fetsa Tlala. The specific objectives include: to measure the direct and indirect benefits of Fetsa Tlala; to assess the cost-effectiveness of the programme; to evaluate the model of the programme using a social systems approach; and to assess the implementation approach of Fetsa Tlala. A cross-sectional study was carried on a sample of 70 households and four Fetsa Tlala projects in the Eastern Cape. Households were selected using the simple random sampling procedure. Structured and semi-structured interviews using questionnaires were conducted. The research objectives were analysed using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Among the quantitative approaches used was a micro simulation exercise, which was performed to help understand the cost-effectiveness of the programme. The results show that the business model of the programme is not built with sustainability in mind and the systems approach was ignored when designing the programme. Furthermore, the cost of the programme outweighs its benefits. This study recommends that the programme should take into account human development and build a needs-based approach going forward. Further recommendations are that the government should target relevant partners, and prioritise agricultural insurance, infrastructure and agro-processing.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Njara, L I
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Poverty -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Food security -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Households -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/10476 , vital:35484
- Description: Declining agrarian activities in significant parts of the country, even in the subsistence sector, has meant that access to food is increasingly a function of household cash income, hence low-income households experience inadequate access to food. Over 12 million people in South Africa are vulnerable to food insecurity. Since 2013, substantial efforts and large sums of money have been devoted to poverty reduction through government’s Fetsa Tlala Food Production Initiative. Fetsa Tlala was conceptualised as an integrated government framework that seeks to promote food and nutrition security and to address the structural causes of food insecurity, which continue to perpetuate inequality and social exclusion. The main objective of this study is to assess the implementation and effects of Fetsa Tlala. The specific objectives include: to measure the direct and indirect benefits of Fetsa Tlala; to assess the cost-effectiveness of the programme; to evaluate the model of the programme using a social systems approach; and to assess the implementation approach of Fetsa Tlala. A cross-sectional study was carried on a sample of 70 households and four Fetsa Tlala projects in the Eastern Cape. Households were selected using the simple random sampling procedure. Structured and semi-structured interviews using questionnaires were conducted. The research objectives were analysed using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Among the quantitative approaches used was a micro simulation exercise, which was performed to help understand the cost-effectiveness of the programme. The results show that the business model of the programme is not built with sustainability in mind and the systems approach was ignored when designing the programme. Furthermore, the cost of the programme outweighs its benefits. This study recommends that the programme should take into account human development and build a needs-based approach going forward. Further recommendations are that the government should target relevant partners, and prioritise agricultural insurance, infrastructure and agro-processing.
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The influence of single parenting on the self-esteem and sexual behaviour of adolescent males in Raymond Mhlaba Municipality, Eastern Cape Province
- Authors: Magqamfana, Simnikiwe H
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Parenting -- Psychological aspects Self-esteem in children Youth -- Sexual behavior -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Psychology
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/10284 , vital:35388
- Description: The study aimed at investigating the influence of single parenting on the self-esteem and the sexual behaviour of adolescent males, with the aim to find out whether a relationship exists between single parenting, self-esteem and sexual behaviour or not by following a quantitative research method. Data was collected by means of self-administered questionnaire. The sample was made up of 226 adolescent males whom are high school learners and who aged between 12 and 21 from four schools around Raymond Mhlaba Municipality, Eastern Cape Province. For data analysis, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 18 was used and it included descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. All statistical procedures were performed at 0.05 level of significance with 95 percent Confidence Interval. The study found that adolescent males from single parent households have positive selfesteem and responsibly sexual behaviours. In the study, the alternative hypothesis which stated that there is a positive correlation between single parenting and the adolescent males’ negative self-esteem was repudiated. On the other hand, the nullhypothesis which stated that there is no positive correlation between single parenting and adolescent males’ negative self-esteem and sexual behaviour was confirmed in the this study. Lastly, recommendations for the parents were made which include a good parent-child relationship that will create a safe space for effective communication and sex education which will likely prevent early sex debut. The importance of African families was underscored in this study, as such, it is deemed necessary then to build on this protective factor that could be helpful during adversities.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Magqamfana, Simnikiwe H
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Parenting -- Psychological aspects Self-esteem in children Youth -- Sexual behavior -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Psychology
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/10284 , vital:35388
- Description: The study aimed at investigating the influence of single parenting on the self-esteem and the sexual behaviour of adolescent males, with the aim to find out whether a relationship exists between single parenting, self-esteem and sexual behaviour or not by following a quantitative research method. Data was collected by means of self-administered questionnaire. The sample was made up of 226 adolescent males whom are high school learners and who aged between 12 and 21 from four schools around Raymond Mhlaba Municipality, Eastern Cape Province. For data analysis, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 18 was used and it included descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. All statistical procedures were performed at 0.05 level of significance with 95 percent Confidence Interval. The study found that adolescent males from single parent households have positive selfesteem and responsibly sexual behaviours. In the study, the alternative hypothesis which stated that there is a positive correlation between single parenting and the adolescent males’ negative self-esteem was repudiated. On the other hand, the nullhypothesis which stated that there is no positive correlation between single parenting and adolescent males’ negative self-esteem and sexual behaviour was confirmed in the this study. Lastly, recommendations for the parents were made which include a good parent-child relationship that will create a safe space for effective communication and sex education which will likely prevent early sex debut. The importance of African families was underscored in this study, as such, it is deemed necessary then to build on this protective factor that could be helpful during adversities.
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Decolonising the regulation of the right to strike in South Africa : an analysis
- Authors: Tsanyau, Dauglous
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Right to strike Strikes and lockouts -- South Africa Strikes and lockouts -- Law and legislation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , LLM
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/8813 , vital:33615
- Description: This study develops a robust approach in addressing conceptual problems surrounding the implementation of the right to strike in South Africa. The South African labour regime recognises the right of workers to strike as protected in various international, national and regional instruments. The right is guaranteed by section 23 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa which bestows on every worker the right to strike. In order to give effect to the rights contained in section 23 of the Constitution, the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 (LRA) was enacted by the South African parliament. Presently, violent strikes have been noted as a prevailing feature of the South African labour landscape. The LRA has possibly perpetually failed to realise its critical objectives as labour unrest still stands as a dominant feature of South Africa. Certainly, the labour legislative framework in place has failed to quench violent strikes whose ugly incidences have continued to haunt South African labour relations. This study therefore intends to be a preliminary examination of these issues and interrogates the labour legislative framework which guarantees the right to strike. The study begins with an outline of the historical development of the right. It defines the right to strike and other related concepts. The study proceeds to unpack the international and regional legislative framework of the right to strike. Further, it explores the effects and consequences of violent strikes with reference to the Marikana labour dispute and other case laws. Finally, focusing on the Marikana strike case, deficiencies in the bargaining system, the use of replacement labour and trade Union Liability, the dissertation offers the practical recommendations for a progressive, peaceful and democratic labour system.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Tsanyau, Dauglous
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: Right to strike Strikes and lockouts -- South Africa Strikes and lockouts -- Law and legislation
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , LLM
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/8813 , vital:33615
- Description: This study develops a robust approach in addressing conceptual problems surrounding the implementation of the right to strike in South Africa. The South African labour regime recognises the right of workers to strike as protected in various international, national and regional instruments. The right is guaranteed by section 23 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa which bestows on every worker the right to strike. In order to give effect to the rights contained in section 23 of the Constitution, the Labour Relations Act 66 of 1995 (LRA) was enacted by the South African parliament. Presently, violent strikes have been noted as a prevailing feature of the South African labour landscape. The LRA has possibly perpetually failed to realise its critical objectives as labour unrest still stands as a dominant feature of South Africa. Certainly, the labour legislative framework in place has failed to quench violent strikes whose ugly incidences have continued to haunt South African labour relations. This study therefore intends to be a preliminary examination of these issues and interrogates the labour legislative framework which guarantees the right to strike. The study begins with an outline of the historical development of the right. It defines the right to strike and other related concepts. The study proceeds to unpack the international and regional legislative framework of the right to strike. Further, it explores the effects and consequences of violent strikes with reference to the Marikana labour dispute and other case laws. Finally, focusing on the Marikana strike case, deficiencies in the bargaining system, the use of replacement labour and trade Union Liability, the dissertation offers the practical recommendations for a progressive, peaceful and democratic labour system.
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Seasonal variations of essential oil composition and some biological evaluation of Pelargonium inquinans (L.) Ait. South Africa
- Authors: Tembeni, Babalwa
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Pelargoniums Essences and essential oils Medicinal plants
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/6281 , vital:29537
- Description: Pelargonium inquinans which belongs to the family Geraniaceae, is an essential oil yielding plant. P. inquinans was collected from two different sites in Grahamstown (wild) and Alice, at the University of Fort Hare botanical garden. Authentication of the plant was done by Dr. T. Dold at Schonland herbarium, and the voucher specimen being T01. This study is focused at determining the chemical constituents and biological properties of the essential oils of wild and cultivated P. inquinans across different seasons, as the plant grows throughout the year. Seasonal collection of wild and cultivated P. inquinans was achieved in a duration of 12 months. 32 essential oil samples of P. inquinans were obtained by extraction using hydro-distillation technique for 3-4 hours. The chemical composition of the essential oils was determined using GC/MS and GC/FID. Amongst the 32 essential oils only 4 samples wild ( fresh stem and leaf) and cultivated ( fresh stem and leaf) from summer season were evaluated for analgesic activity using acetic acid induced writhings and hot plate nociception models in mice, anti-inflammatory activity was determined on the egg albumin- induced rat paw oedema in rats. The results obtained from GC-MS revealed a total of 169 components obtained from the leafstem, fresh/dry wild and cultivated P. inquinans. These essential oils showed a great deal of chemotaxonomic variation and similarity in the major and minor components along the season. In spring season the essential oils of wild and cultivated P. inquinans had abundance of hydrogenated sesquiterpenes (20.6percent-66.7percent). The major components were found to be α-caryophyllene (9.1percent-26.8percent), p-xylene (23.3percent-27.5percent), β-caryophyllene (11.4percent-30.9percent), o-xylene (6.3percent-39.4percent), β-thujene (8.7percent), isocaryophyllene (13.9percent), isoborneol (14.2percent), β-myrcene (5.7percent), geranyl acetate (13.8percent), toluene (7.9percent), β-gurjunene (18.5percent), α-cadinene (15.8percent), β-farnesene (14.2percent), 3-carene (12.1percent) and camphene (9.0percent). In summer season the essential oils of wild and cultivated P. inquinans were found to have abundance of hydrogenated sesquiterpenes (50.3percent- 63.0percent), oxygenated monoterpenes (30.4percent) and hydrogenated monoterpenes (20.8percent- 61.0percent). The major components were found to be α-caryophyllene (12.3percent-25.8percent), β-caryophyllene (15.1percent- 31.7percent), trans-caryophyllene (10.3percent- 17.8percent), phytol (14.2percent- 20.2percent), camphor (46.5percent), sabinene (27.8percent), elemol (18.1percent), z3-hexenyl isobutyrate (16.3percent), limonene (12.1percent), menthone (12.1percent)< E.E-β-farnesene (14.7percent), palmitic acid (9.6percent), eugenol (9.4percent), cis- β-ocimene (8.7percent), α-terpineol (8.7percent), geranyl acetone (7.8percent), β- humulene (7.5percent). linoleic acid (7.4percent), trans-linalool oxide (7.4percent), β-bisabolene (7.1percent), cis- linalool oxide (7.1percent), ionone (6.9percent), caryophyllene oxide (6.9percent) and germacrene d (6.3percent). In autumn season the essential oils of wild and cultivated P. inquinans were found to be rich in hydrogenated sesquiterpenes (29.3percent- 65.2percent) and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (22.8percent- 31.4percent). The major components were found to be α-caryophyllene (15.5percent- 23.4percent), β-caryophyllene (15.2percent- 17.2percent), β-myrcene (7.7percent-13.8percent), β-humulene (8.7percent- 15.2percent), caryophyllene oxide (9.8- 16.2percent), trans- caryophyllene (16.7percent- 23.3percent), α-humulene (11.8percent- 18.6percent), linoleic acid (11.2percent), palmitic acid (10.4percent), phytol acetate (8.5percent), -longipinene (8.3percent) and citronellol (7.8percent). In winter season the essential oils of wild and cultivated P. inquinans were found to have abundance of hydrogenated sesquiterpenes (25.1percent- 48.6percent), oxygenated monoterpenes (47.6percent), oxygenated sesquiterpenes (22.2percent- 28.0percent). The major components were found to be β-caryophyllene (14.6percent- 23.0percent), α-caryophyllene (9.4percent- 18.0percent), trans- caryophyllene (12.2percent- 14.6percent), α-cedrene (26.2percent), germacrene –d-4-ol (16.8percent), 2,6-dihydroxyacetophenone (15.6percent), (+) epibicyclosesquiphellandrene (15.3percent), E-β- farnesene (13.0percent), β-phellandrene (11.7percent), 2-nitrophenol (9.5percent), palatinol (8.4percent), geranyl acetate (7.7percent) and linoleic acid (7.4percent). The oils from the wild and cultivated sources showed significant (p<0.05-0.001) decrease in number of writhes induced by the acetic acid compared to vehicle; caused significant (p<0.05-0.001) delay in reaction time on the hot plate at 60 and 90 min post-treatment and significantly (p<0.05-0.001) reduced oedema size caused by the egg albumin injection compared to the vehicle. The oils from the wild plant showed more potency compared to the cultivated. The essential oils of wild and cultivated P. inquinans showed qualitative, quantitative and chemotaxonomic variation with analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. These essential oils need to be explored for further biological analysis because of the major components they contain.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Tembeni, Babalwa
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Pelargoniums Essences and essential oils Medicinal plants
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/6281 , vital:29537
- Description: Pelargonium inquinans which belongs to the family Geraniaceae, is an essential oil yielding plant. P. inquinans was collected from two different sites in Grahamstown (wild) and Alice, at the University of Fort Hare botanical garden. Authentication of the plant was done by Dr. T. Dold at Schonland herbarium, and the voucher specimen being T01. This study is focused at determining the chemical constituents and biological properties of the essential oils of wild and cultivated P. inquinans across different seasons, as the plant grows throughout the year. Seasonal collection of wild and cultivated P. inquinans was achieved in a duration of 12 months. 32 essential oil samples of P. inquinans were obtained by extraction using hydro-distillation technique for 3-4 hours. The chemical composition of the essential oils was determined using GC/MS and GC/FID. Amongst the 32 essential oils only 4 samples wild ( fresh stem and leaf) and cultivated ( fresh stem and leaf) from summer season were evaluated for analgesic activity using acetic acid induced writhings and hot plate nociception models in mice, anti-inflammatory activity was determined on the egg albumin- induced rat paw oedema in rats. The results obtained from GC-MS revealed a total of 169 components obtained from the leafstem, fresh/dry wild and cultivated P. inquinans. These essential oils showed a great deal of chemotaxonomic variation and similarity in the major and minor components along the season. In spring season the essential oils of wild and cultivated P. inquinans had abundance of hydrogenated sesquiterpenes (20.6percent-66.7percent). The major components were found to be α-caryophyllene (9.1percent-26.8percent), p-xylene (23.3percent-27.5percent), β-caryophyllene (11.4percent-30.9percent), o-xylene (6.3percent-39.4percent), β-thujene (8.7percent), isocaryophyllene (13.9percent), isoborneol (14.2percent), β-myrcene (5.7percent), geranyl acetate (13.8percent), toluene (7.9percent), β-gurjunene (18.5percent), α-cadinene (15.8percent), β-farnesene (14.2percent), 3-carene (12.1percent) and camphene (9.0percent). In summer season the essential oils of wild and cultivated P. inquinans were found to have abundance of hydrogenated sesquiterpenes (50.3percent- 63.0percent), oxygenated monoterpenes (30.4percent) and hydrogenated monoterpenes (20.8percent- 61.0percent). The major components were found to be α-caryophyllene (12.3percent-25.8percent), β-caryophyllene (15.1percent- 31.7percent), trans-caryophyllene (10.3percent- 17.8percent), phytol (14.2percent- 20.2percent), camphor (46.5percent), sabinene (27.8percent), elemol (18.1percent), z3-hexenyl isobutyrate (16.3percent), limonene (12.1percent), menthone (12.1percent)< E.E-β-farnesene (14.7percent), palmitic acid (9.6percent), eugenol (9.4percent), cis- β-ocimene (8.7percent), α-terpineol (8.7percent), geranyl acetone (7.8percent), β- humulene (7.5percent). linoleic acid (7.4percent), trans-linalool oxide (7.4percent), β-bisabolene (7.1percent), cis- linalool oxide (7.1percent), ionone (6.9percent), caryophyllene oxide (6.9percent) and germacrene d (6.3percent). In autumn season the essential oils of wild and cultivated P. inquinans were found to be rich in hydrogenated sesquiterpenes (29.3percent- 65.2percent) and oxygenated sesquiterpenes (22.8percent- 31.4percent). The major components were found to be α-caryophyllene (15.5percent- 23.4percent), β-caryophyllene (15.2percent- 17.2percent), β-myrcene (7.7percent-13.8percent), β-humulene (8.7percent- 15.2percent), caryophyllene oxide (9.8- 16.2percent), trans- caryophyllene (16.7percent- 23.3percent), α-humulene (11.8percent- 18.6percent), linoleic acid (11.2percent), palmitic acid (10.4percent), phytol acetate (8.5percent), -longipinene (8.3percent) and citronellol (7.8percent). In winter season the essential oils of wild and cultivated P. inquinans were found to have abundance of hydrogenated sesquiterpenes (25.1percent- 48.6percent), oxygenated monoterpenes (47.6percent), oxygenated sesquiterpenes (22.2percent- 28.0percent). The major components were found to be β-caryophyllene (14.6percent- 23.0percent), α-caryophyllene (9.4percent- 18.0percent), trans- caryophyllene (12.2percent- 14.6percent), α-cedrene (26.2percent), germacrene –d-4-ol (16.8percent), 2,6-dihydroxyacetophenone (15.6percent), (+) epibicyclosesquiphellandrene (15.3percent), E-β- farnesene (13.0percent), β-phellandrene (11.7percent), 2-nitrophenol (9.5percent), palatinol (8.4percent), geranyl acetate (7.7percent) and linoleic acid (7.4percent). The oils from the wild and cultivated sources showed significant (p<0.05-0.001) decrease in number of writhes induced by the acetic acid compared to vehicle; caused significant (p<0.05-0.001) delay in reaction time on the hot plate at 60 and 90 min post-treatment and significantly (p<0.05-0.001) reduced oedema size caused by the egg albumin injection compared to the vehicle. The oils from the wild plant showed more potency compared to the cultivated. The essential oils of wild and cultivated P. inquinans showed qualitative, quantitative and chemotaxonomic variation with analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. These essential oils need to be explored for further biological analysis because of the major components they contain.
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A pastoral theological response to post-traumatic experiences of family members of murdered victims : a case study of Mbizana Local Municipality in the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Ncama, Nomonde Patience
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Murder victims--South Africa Pastoral counseling Bereavement--Religious aspects--Christianity
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Theology
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/17428 , vital:40967
- Description: The researcher wish to shed light on the health of the victims’ family members, who had in common, the traumatic experience of having one or more of their family members brutally murdered by a serial killers, and that they numbered fourteen people, who were residents in Wards 23 and 24. Nine of the fourteen victims were females and five were males, young and old. Some victims worked at Mzamba Wild Coast Cassino Hotel, one of those workers originally came from Kwa Zulu Natal at Umzimkhulu local municipality. Serial killers either attacked the victims in their homes, whilst they were fast asleep, many of the atrocities were witnessed by their children, or they were attacked in an open field when they were dropped-off from their place of work at midnight. The serial killers, used tools like hammers, to knock victims on the heads, thereby rendering them unconscious; bush knives were then used for the removal of certain body parts. Most victims were residents of Ward 24 which is nearer Mzamba Wild Coast Cassino Hotel. Many of the victims’ bodies showed evidence of head injuries, mutilation of body parts or ‘genital mutilation’, it is alleged that private parts were used for muti purposes. There was evidence that females had been raped. Post trauma was an experience that left many in the villages of Mbizana marked by fear and anxiety. When a serial murder occurred it demanded the attention of all South Africans for several reasons, especially because it dramatically threatens and profoundly challenges our sense of safety, in particular our sense of personal safety. The serial killing as a phenomenon, challenges the larger society throughout the country, it is an emotive subject. The study is concern with prolonged soul suffering without healing, a pastoral counselling services was rendered to victims’ family members with recommendation of reconciliation and forgiveness as therapeutic measures. The study concludes by calling upon the Church as congregation to include to her programmes the topic of serial killing. The study makes recommendations to the Church to empower, make awareness, teach, and offer counselling to the congregation, that denominations must approach theological institutions for an introduction of modules that cover the concept of serial killing.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ncama, Nomonde Patience
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Murder victims--South Africa Pastoral counseling Bereavement--Religious aspects--Christianity
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , Theology
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/17428 , vital:40967
- Description: The researcher wish to shed light on the health of the victims’ family members, who had in common, the traumatic experience of having one or more of their family members brutally murdered by a serial killers, and that they numbered fourteen people, who were residents in Wards 23 and 24. Nine of the fourteen victims were females and five were males, young and old. Some victims worked at Mzamba Wild Coast Cassino Hotel, one of those workers originally came from Kwa Zulu Natal at Umzimkhulu local municipality. Serial killers either attacked the victims in their homes, whilst they were fast asleep, many of the atrocities were witnessed by their children, or they were attacked in an open field when they were dropped-off from their place of work at midnight. The serial killers, used tools like hammers, to knock victims on the heads, thereby rendering them unconscious; bush knives were then used for the removal of certain body parts. Most victims were residents of Ward 24 which is nearer Mzamba Wild Coast Cassino Hotel. Many of the victims’ bodies showed evidence of head injuries, mutilation of body parts or ‘genital mutilation’, it is alleged that private parts were used for muti purposes. There was evidence that females had been raped. Post trauma was an experience that left many in the villages of Mbizana marked by fear and anxiety. When a serial murder occurred it demanded the attention of all South Africans for several reasons, especially because it dramatically threatens and profoundly challenges our sense of safety, in particular our sense of personal safety. The serial killing as a phenomenon, challenges the larger society throughout the country, it is an emotive subject. The study is concern with prolonged soul suffering without healing, a pastoral counselling services was rendered to victims’ family members with recommendation of reconciliation and forgiveness as therapeutic measures. The study concludes by calling upon the Church as congregation to include to her programmes the topic of serial killing. The study makes recommendations to the Church to empower, make awareness, teach, and offer counselling to the congregation, that denominations must approach theological institutions for an introduction of modules that cover the concept of serial killing.
- Full Text:
Through the Burtonesque looking-glass : interrogating the psychoanalytic in Tim Burton's adaptation of selected children's texts
- Authors: Van Zyl, Simone
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Burton, Tim, -- 1958 Children's literature Psychoanalysis and literature
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/12304 , vital:39251
- Description: The primary aim of this thesis is to interrogate existing psychoanalytical theory, as well as to conduct research on ‘the Burtonesque’ in order to examine two of Tim Burton's filmic adaptations of classic literary works for children, namely: Alice in Wonderland (2010), an adaptation inspired by Lewis Carroll's Alice books, and Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005), based on Roald Dahl's novel of the same title. Firstly, the chapters will explore the psychological elements found in the original texts, which Burton amplifies in his onscreen adaptations by means of various stylistic and thematic techniques that have become known as ‘the Burtonesque’. Secondly, the ‘Burtonesque’ itself will be explored, and thirdly, by means of comparative analysis, the investigation will focus on the manner in which such aesthetics aid Burton in highlighting psychological concerns in his films, as well as interrogate his cinematic alterations to existing texts in order to further his purpose. As a keen enthusiast of psychology and having won awards within the field, Tim Burton, a foremost contemporary Hollywood filmmaker, in his adaptations of children’s classics, deliberately magnifies the psychoanalytic components that are often found in the tales. Through his unique interpretation, Burton brings the psychoanalytic approach to children’s stories to a new level. He explores certain themes such as death, childhood fantasies, psychological development and parental relationships, and makes use of specific artistic techniques that create a sense of the uncanny and defamiliarisation in the viewer. Due to his gothic cinematic approach, Burton is one of the most recognisable artists in his field, with a consistent vision that is concerned with cinematic and thematic aspects of his work, branding his films with a unique ‘Burtonesque’ quality that has become instantly identifiable. As a result of Burton’s psychological interest in children’s stories, Tim Burton’s film adaptations of the Dahl and Carroll classic children’s stories can be interrogated under a psychoanalytic lens. Psychoanalytic literary criticism is a method of literary analysis that is informed by the tradition of psychoanalysis established by Freud. In Burton scholarship, critical exploration should take the form of not only a close reading of the original text and analysis of the film version in order to come to a psychoanalytic interpretation, but by means of comparison of film and text, highlight the methods applied by psychoanalytic theory. A close comparative analysis of original literary works by Roald Dahl and Lewis Carroll, and Tim Burton’s filmic adaptations will be conducted in this study. Thereby, the manner in which Tim Burton employs specific techniques in order to emphasise the stories’ psychological components will be explored. Biographical information of Dahl and Lewis, as well as a short synopsis of their stories will be included in order to provide the context for psychoanalytical criticism. A discussion of ‘the Burtonesque’ will be provided, as well as a brief exploration of his adaptation history and Burton’s specific interest in psychology. Research methods to be applied in the analysis of the original texts and their film versions are psychoanalytic literary theory, drawing predominantly on the work of theorists: Sigmund Freud, Jacques Lacan and Carl Jung. A close examination of auteur theory, the unique voice Burton has established through his iconic cinematic techniques, now coined ‘the Burtonesque’, will also be applied to provide a fuller and rounder interrogation. The focus of this project is to investigate thempsychoanalytical elements found in the texts and films, in order to clearly illustrate how Tim Burton’s cinematic approach serves to highlight a psychoanalytic interpretation.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Van Zyl, Simone
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Burton, Tim, -- 1958 Children's literature Psychoanalysis and literature
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/12304 , vital:39251
- Description: The primary aim of this thesis is to interrogate existing psychoanalytical theory, as well as to conduct research on ‘the Burtonesque’ in order to examine two of Tim Burton's filmic adaptations of classic literary works for children, namely: Alice in Wonderland (2010), an adaptation inspired by Lewis Carroll's Alice books, and Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005), based on Roald Dahl's novel of the same title. Firstly, the chapters will explore the psychological elements found in the original texts, which Burton amplifies in his onscreen adaptations by means of various stylistic and thematic techniques that have become known as ‘the Burtonesque’. Secondly, the ‘Burtonesque’ itself will be explored, and thirdly, by means of comparative analysis, the investigation will focus on the manner in which such aesthetics aid Burton in highlighting psychological concerns in his films, as well as interrogate his cinematic alterations to existing texts in order to further his purpose. As a keen enthusiast of psychology and having won awards within the field, Tim Burton, a foremost contemporary Hollywood filmmaker, in his adaptations of children’s classics, deliberately magnifies the psychoanalytic components that are often found in the tales. Through his unique interpretation, Burton brings the psychoanalytic approach to children’s stories to a new level. He explores certain themes such as death, childhood fantasies, psychological development and parental relationships, and makes use of specific artistic techniques that create a sense of the uncanny and defamiliarisation in the viewer. Due to his gothic cinematic approach, Burton is one of the most recognisable artists in his field, with a consistent vision that is concerned with cinematic and thematic aspects of his work, branding his films with a unique ‘Burtonesque’ quality that has become instantly identifiable. As a result of Burton’s psychological interest in children’s stories, Tim Burton’s film adaptations of the Dahl and Carroll classic children’s stories can be interrogated under a psychoanalytic lens. Psychoanalytic literary criticism is a method of literary analysis that is informed by the tradition of psychoanalysis established by Freud. In Burton scholarship, critical exploration should take the form of not only a close reading of the original text and analysis of the film version in order to come to a psychoanalytic interpretation, but by means of comparison of film and text, highlight the methods applied by psychoanalytic theory. A close comparative analysis of original literary works by Roald Dahl and Lewis Carroll, and Tim Burton’s filmic adaptations will be conducted in this study. Thereby, the manner in which Tim Burton employs specific techniques in order to emphasise the stories’ psychological components will be explored. Biographical information of Dahl and Lewis, as well as a short synopsis of their stories will be included in order to provide the context for psychoanalytical criticism. A discussion of ‘the Burtonesque’ will be provided, as well as a brief exploration of his adaptation history and Burton’s specific interest in psychology. Research methods to be applied in the analysis of the original texts and their film versions are psychoanalytic literary theory, drawing predominantly on the work of theorists: Sigmund Freud, Jacques Lacan and Carl Jung. A close examination of auteur theory, the unique voice Burton has established through his iconic cinematic techniques, now coined ‘the Burtonesque’, will also be applied to provide a fuller and rounder interrogation. The focus of this project is to investigate thempsychoanalytical elements found in the texts and films, in order to clearly illustrate how Tim Burton’s cinematic approach serves to highlight a psychoanalytic interpretation.
- Full Text:
Factors influencing the choice of religion studies as a subject in the further education and training band: a case study of two schools within the Uitenhage District of the Eastern Cape Province
- Authors: Chetty, P K
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Religion -- Study and teaching -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Universities and colleges -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Education -- Curricula -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Curriculum evaluation -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M Ed
- Identifier: vital:16205 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1016087 , Religion -- Study and teaching -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Universities and colleges -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Education -- Curricula -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Curriculum evaluation -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Description: In 2006, a new subject, Religion Studies (RS), was introduced in Grade 10 as an optional subject. It represents a major paradigm shift in education of religion at the public school level. Minimal research has been conducted on the factors influencing the choice of RS in Grade 10 by the learners, subject advisors, principal and educators. This subject might constitute an “easy option” to boost the learner’s performance. Former or “recycled Biblical Studies” educators may be available or even volunteer to teach this subject or they may have to be absorbed within the system. Ethics, morals, cross cultural respect and non-discrimination are critical for the development of the South African democracy. While RS is optional, it could play a critical role towards achieving these outcomes. This study restricted its focus to the Uitenhage District of the Province of the Eastern Cape. After careful consideration, the interpretive approach seemed to offer the best access to the kind of knowledge the researcher desired. A theoretical framework, that narrowly links rational choice with cultural reproduction theory, can prove to be inadequate. This study would be deficient if it was restricted to the family or home factors. Peer influence, self-efficacy or ability, utility value, motivation and teacher or school factors have to be included. The case study approach was used for this research.Semi-structured interviews were used to obtain qualitative responses from learners, from principals and educators whose schools are offering Religion Studies, and from subject advisors with oversight of this subject. This study discovered, inter alia, that learners did not have a real choice but were led to believe that RS was compulsory. The school has an influential role on a learner’s subject choice. Parental participation fluctuated from active to passive guidance. Learners saw RS as an easy subject and an aggregate booster. The school community both informs and influences the subject choice of learners. The peer influence of friends and fellow learners also featured in subject choice. RS teaches about religion and culture, respect, catalyses moral development, is enjoyable and easy to study but requires extensive reading. The limited diversity in RS classes did not allow for this respect to be tested. RS can catalyse the development of moral values. Despite this subject being an aggregate booster, learners enjoyed RS and therefore do well. After balancing the “costs and benefits,” according to rational choice theory, learners choose subjects with a utility value for their future career. RS opens the possibilities directly and indirectly. The majority of learners said that RS will assist them in their career path, not only narrowly in religious and pedagogical vocations but also more widely. RS could assist in careers with constituencies of religious diversity, in the medical field, human resources and journalism. RS fosters citizenship, non-discrimination and the rounded development of the learner and these objectives have attracted educators to teach RS. Learners enjoy RS, have self-efficacy, their performance ranges from good to well. Educators have a positive view of RS and contend that RS fosters respect, analytical, critical, constructive and lateral thinking. Principals were introduced to RS when it replaced Biblical Studies and much confusion between the two has ensued. RS is inclusive and also catalyses the development of morals. Principals emphasised the ongoing need for retraining of teachers through refresher courses, workshops and seminars and an involved role of the Department. Retraining would prevent the RS educator from being an “ad hoc teacher.” The Department has failed to act proactively in the introduction of RS as a new subject. Challenges lie in the integration of learning, essay writing skills and developing good model assessment tasks. Understanding RS terminology, confusion of RS with Biblical Studies, a shortage of resources, the vast content and the subject related methodology of RS are other concerns. All the stakeholder groups confirm this misperception. Researchers also concur with this finding. Biblical Studies educators have no advantage in RS but rather also necessitate retraining. RS, as a new subject with low intake, was not afforded all the requisite support. The number of schools offering RS is static. Provincial officials also reflect confusion of RS and Biblical Studies. The lack of staffing of the subject specialist at the National or Provincial level office is perturbing. Based on this study of the factors influencing the choice of Religious Studies in the FET Band, the following recommendations were made: Steps should be taken to ensure that learners be given a real choice Sharing of detailed information about the unique nature and outcomes of RS including its critical engagement Informed stakeholder groupings e.g. parents, educators, principal, SGB, community, Provincial and National Department of Education should not abuse their influential role of support by overt or covert compulsion Clarity between spiritual formation and catalysing moral development Educators should continue to foster enjoyment of RS Steps to be taken to facilitate integration of learning, developing essay writing skills and encourage good assessment tasks Increase diversity in class so that respect can be tested More information be given about direct and indirect career pathing Need for continual re-training through refresher courses, workshops and seminars Steps to be taken to address inadequate resources of RS Despite the “flattering” results for RS, efforts need to be taken by all the stakeholder groupings to ensure that learner’s competencies become a means in which RS markets itself Concerted on-going effort be made to clarify the confusion between RS and Biblical Studies That the Department assumes a more engaged role in RS Steps be taken by all the stakeholder groupings to encourage religious diversity in the RS class The National Department of Education has to staff both the National and Provincial Offices with well-equipped and highly motivated leaders.
- Full Text:
- Authors: Chetty, P K
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Religion -- Study and teaching -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Universities and colleges -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Education -- Curricula -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Curriculum evaluation -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M Ed
- Identifier: vital:16205 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1016087 , Religion -- Study and teaching -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Universities and colleges -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Education -- Curricula -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Curriculum evaluation -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Description: In 2006, a new subject, Religion Studies (RS), was introduced in Grade 10 as an optional subject. It represents a major paradigm shift in education of religion at the public school level. Minimal research has been conducted on the factors influencing the choice of RS in Grade 10 by the learners, subject advisors, principal and educators. This subject might constitute an “easy option” to boost the learner’s performance. Former or “recycled Biblical Studies” educators may be available or even volunteer to teach this subject or they may have to be absorbed within the system. Ethics, morals, cross cultural respect and non-discrimination are critical for the development of the South African democracy. While RS is optional, it could play a critical role towards achieving these outcomes. This study restricted its focus to the Uitenhage District of the Province of the Eastern Cape. After careful consideration, the interpretive approach seemed to offer the best access to the kind of knowledge the researcher desired. A theoretical framework, that narrowly links rational choice with cultural reproduction theory, can prove to be inadequate. This study would be deficient if it was restricted to the family or home factors. Peer influence, self-efficacy or ability, utility value, motivation and teacher or school factors have to be included. The case study approach was used for this research.Semi-structured interviews were used to obtain qualitative responses from learners, from principals and educators whose schools are offering Religion Studies, and from subject advisors with oversight of this subject. This study discovered, inter alia, that learners did not have a real choice but were led to believe that RS was compulsory. The school has an influential role on a learner’s subject choice. Parental participation fluctuated from active to passive guidance. Learners saw RS as an easy subject and an aggregate booster. The school community both informs and influences the subject choice of learners. The peer influence of friends and fellow learners also featured in subject choice. RS teaches about religion and culture, respect, catalyses moral development, is enjoyable and easy to study but requires extensive reading. The limited diversity in RS classes did not allow for this respect to be tested. RS can catalyse the development of moral values. Despite this subject being an aggregate booster, learners enjoyed RS and therefore do well. After balancing the “costs and benefits,” according to rational choice theory, learners choose subjects with a utility value for their future career. RS opens the possibilities directly and indirectly. The majority of learners said that RS will assist them in their career path, not only narrowly in religious and pedagogical vocations but also more widely. RS could assist in careers with constituencies of religious diversity, in the medical field, human resources and journalism. RS fosters citizenship, non-discrimination and the rounded development of the learner and these objectives have attracted educators to teach RS. Learners enjoy RS, have self-efficacy, their performance ranges from good to well. Educators have a positive view of RS and contend that RS fosters respect, analytical, critical, constructive and lateral thinking. Principals were introduced to RS when it replaced Biblical Studies and much confusion between the two has ensued. RS is inclusive and also catalyses the development of morals. Principals emphasised the ongoing need for retraining of teachers through refresher courses, workshops and seminars and an involved role of the Department. Retraining would prevent the RS educator from being an “ad hoc teacher.” The Department has failed to act proactively in the introduction of RS as a new subject. Challenges lie in the integration of learning, essay writing skills and developing good model assessment tasks. Understanding RS terminology, confusion of RS with Biblical Studies, a shortage of resources, the vast content and the subject related methodology of RS are other concerns. All the stakeholder groups confirm this misperception. Researchers also concur with this finding. Biblical Studies educators have no advantage in RS but rather also necessitate retraining. RS, as a new subject with low intake, was not afforded all the requisite support. The number of schools offering RS is static. Provincial officials also reflect confusion of RS and Biblical Studies. The lack of staffing of the subject specialist at the National or Provincial level office is perturbing. Based on this study of the factors influencing the choice of Religious Studies in the FET Band, the following recommendations were made: Steps should be taken to ensure that learners be given a real choice Sharing of detailed information about the unique nature and outcomes of RS including its critical engagement Informed stakeholder groupings e.g. parents, educators, principal, SGB, community, Provincial and National Department of Education should not abuse their influential role of support by overt or covert compulsion Clarity between spiritual formation and catalysing moral development Educators should continue to foster enjoyment of RS Steps to be taken to facilitate integration of learning, developing essay writing skills and encourage good assessment tasks Increase diversity in class so that respect can be tested More information be given about direct and indirect career pathing Need for continual re-training through refresher courses, workshops and seminars Steps to be taken to address inadequate resources of RS Despite the “flattering” results for RS, efforts need to be taken by all the stakeholder groupings to ensure that learner’s competencies become a means in which RS markets itself Concerted on-going effort be made to clarify the confusion between RS and Biblical Studies That the Department assumes a more engaged role in RS Steps be taken by all the stakeholder groupings to encourage religious diversity in the RS class The National Department of Education has to staff both the National and Provincial Offices with well-equipped and highly motivated leaders.
- Full Text:
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