Assessment Of Supply Chain Corruption In The Three Metropolitan Municipalities, Gauteng Province Of South Africa
- Authors: Sisi, Molebedi Gordon
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Government purchasing Political corruption| Municipal government
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD(Public Administration)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/8343 , vital:32300
- Description: The aim of the current study was to assess the supply chain corruption in the three metropolitan municipalities in the Gauteng Province of South Africa. Core to the assessment was to establish the causes and ramifications of supply chain corruption as well as the nature and extent of supply chain corruption in the three metropolitan municipalities. In order to meet the objectives of the current the study, a qualitative research approach underpinned by ethics and accountability theories was used. The study employed interviews and observation as a primary source of data collection as well as document review in a form of government documents, legislation and court case decisions as secondary source of data, which were then thematically analysed. The study pointed out that while supply chain corruption certainly negatively affects the day-to-day running of public affairs, it is actually the collapse of ethical behaviour together with the failure to uphold accountability and consequence management that has created fertile ground for supply chain corruption. It further, purported that in order to combat the scourge of supply chain corruption in all its manifestations, there is a need to install a Central Supplier Database application, which has been sufficiently tested to determine its effectiveness as blacklisted companies and their directors have a way of masquerading in another form, to do business with the state. South Africa needs the embodiment of ethical behaviour from its citizenry, along with anti-corruption policy enforcement and consequence management. The Kanyane Ethics Architecture should be launched in municipalities across the board as a comprehensive and all-encompassing mix model to prevent supply chain corruption, in its various manifestations, from taking place.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Sisi, Molebedi Gordon
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Government purchasing Political corruption| Municipal government
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD(Public Administration)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/8343 , vital:32300
- Description: The aim of the current study was to assess the supply chain corruption in the three metropolitan municipalities in the Gauteng Province of South Africa. Core to the assessment was to establish the causes and ramifications of supply chain corruption as well as the nature and extent of supply chain corruption in the three metropolitan municipalities. In order to meet the objectives of the current the study, a qualitative research approach underpinned by ethics and accountability theories was used. The study employed interviews and observation as a primary source of data collection as well as document review in a form of government documents, legislation and court case decisions as secondary source of data, which were then thematically analysed. The study pointed out that while supply chain corruption certainly negatively affects the day-to-day running of public affairs, it is actually the collapse of ethical behaviour together with the failure to uphold accountability and consequence management that has created fertile ground for supply chain corruption. It further, purported that in order to combat the scourge of supply chain corruption in all its manifestations, there is a need to install a Central Supplier Database application, which has been sufficiently tested to determine its effectiveness as blacklisted companies and their directors have a way of masquerading in another form, to do business with the state. South Africa needs the embodiment of ethical behaviour from its citizenry, along with anti-corruption policy enforcement and consequence management. The Kanyane Ethics Architecture should be launched in municipalities across the board as a comprehensive and all-encompassing mix model to prevent supply chain corruption, in its various manifestations, from taking place.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
Representation and use of indigenous heritage constructs : implications for the quality and relevance of heritage education in post colonial southern Africa
- Authors: Zazu, Cryton
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Albany Museum (Grahamstown, South Africa) Cultural property -- Conservation and restoration -- Research -- Africa, Southern Great Zimbabwe (Extinct city) Indigenous peoples -- Material culture -- Africa, Southern Anthropological museums and collections -- Management -- Research -- Africa, Southern Cultural property -- Management -- Research Ethnoscience -- Study and teaching -- Africa, Southern
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:1407 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002015
- Description: This study explores representation and use of indigenous heritage constructs with a view to identifying implications thereof for the quality and relevance of heritage education practices in post colonial southern Africa. Framed within a critical hermeneutic research paradigm under-laboured by critical realist ontology, the study was conducted using a multiple case study research design. The data collection protocol was three-phased, starting with a process of contextual profiling, within which insights were gained into discourses shaping the constitution and orientation of heritage education practices at the Albany Museum in South Africa, the Great Zimbabwe Monument in Zimbabwe and the Supa Ngwao Museum in Botswana. The second phase of data collection entailed modelling workshops in which educators engaged in discussion around the status of heritage education in post apartheid South Africa. This highlighted, through modelled lessons, some of the tensions, challenges and implications for working with notions of social transformation and inclusivity in heritage education. The third phase of data collection involved in-depth interviews. Twelve purposively selected research participants were interviewed between 2010 and 2011. Data generated across the study was processed and subjected to different levels of critical discourse analysis. Besides noting how heritage education in post colonial southern Africa is poorly framed and under-researched, this study revealed that current forms of representing indigenous heritage constructs are influenced more by socio-political discourses than the need to protect and conserve local heritage resources. The study also noted that the observed heritage education practices are oriented more towards addressing issues related to marginalisation and alienation of indigenous cultures and practices, than enhancing learners’ agency to manage and utilise local heritage resources in a more sustainable ways. Based on these findings the study recommends re-positioning heritage education within the framework of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). ESD acknowledges both issues of social justice and the dialectical interplay between nature and culture; as such, it may allow for representation and use of indigenous heritage constructs in ways that expand current political orientations to include sustainability as an additional objective of heritage education. Given that little research focusing on heritage education has been undertaken within southern Africa, the findings of this study provide a basis upon which future research may emerge.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Zazu, Cryton
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Albany Museum (Grahamstown, South Africa) Cultural property -- Conservation and restoration -- Research -- Africa, Southern Great Zimbabwe (Extinct city) Indigenous peoples -- Material culture -- Africa, Southern Anthropological museums and collections -- Management -- Research -- Africa, Southern Cultural property -- Management -- Research Ethnoscience -- Study and teaching -- Africa, Southern
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:1407 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002015
- Description: This study explores representation and use of indigenous heritage constructs with a view to identifying implications thereof for the quality and relevance of heritage education practices in post colonial southern Africa. Framed within a critical hermeneutic research paradigm under-laboured by critical realist ontology, the study was conducted using a multiple case study research design. The data collection protocol was three-phased, starting with a process of contextual profiling, within which insights were gained into discourses shaping the constitution and orientation of heritage education practices at the Albany Museum in South Africa, the Great Zimbabwe Monument in Zimbabwe and the Supa Ngwao Museum in Botswana. The second phase of data collection entailed modelling workshops in which educators engaged in discussion around the status of heritage education in post apartheid South Africa. This highlighted, through modelled lessons, some of the tensions, challenges and implications for working with notions of social transformation and inclusivity in heritage education. The third phase of data collection involved in-depth interviews. Twelve purposively selected research participants were interviewed between 2010 and 2011. Data generated across the study was processed and subjected to different levels of critical discourse analysis. Besides noting how heritage education in post colonial southern Africa is poorly framed and under-researched, this study revealed that current forms of representing indigenous heritage constructs are influenced more by socio-political discourses than the need to protect and conserve local heritage resources. The study also noted that the observed heritage education practices are oriented more towards addressing issues related to marginalisation and alienation of indigenous cultures and practices, than enhancing learners’ agency to manage and utilise local heritage resources in a more sustainable ways. Based on these findings the study recommends re-positioning heritage education within the framework of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD). ESD acknowledges both issues of social justice and the dialectical interplay between nature and culture; as such, it may allow for representation and use of indigenous heritage constructs in ways that expand current political orientations to include sustainability as an additional objective of heritage education. Given that little research focusing on heritage education has been undertaken within southern Africa, the findings of this study provide a basis upon which future research may emerge.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
The Lumwana Copper Prospect in Zambia
- Authors: McGregor, James Archibald
- Date: 1965
- Subjects: Copper -- Zambia , Copper ores -- Zambia -- Analysis , Copper mines and mining -- Zambia , Mineralogy -- Zambia , Geology, Economic -- Zambia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5072 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013507
- Description: The Lumwana copper orebody is situated 170 miles west of the Copperbelt. It is stratiform and occurs in schists regarded as part of the Katanga System older than the lower-most Copperbelt quartzite. The discovery of copper at the Lumwana Prospect was a text book example of the success of the R.S.T. Mines Services Limited prospecting techniques. These include partial geochemical analyses of soil and drainage samples, pitting, drilling and radiometric, self potential, magnetic, resistivity and induced polarization methods of geophysical exploration. The copper-bearing formations at the Lumwana Prospect occur in the inverted limb of a great recumbent fold within the Mombezhi Dome. Three periods of folding are recognized from the study of regional foliations and lineation, and the attitude of fold elements in individual folds. Each period of folding is regarded as a major pulse in the Lufilian Orogeny. The first-formed folds are isoclinal and have axial planes which strike at 160°, and dip southwest at 15°; the plunge is 11° in a direction 212° . The formation of first folds was accompanied by thrust faulting and the development of nappe structures including the great Lumwana recumbent fold. The second folds have axial planes which strike at 170° and dip west at 44°, the plunge is 12° in a direction of 192°, and the folds tend to be overturned. The third folds cut across the earlier folds at variable angles, they are overturned to the north and have axial planes which dip gently to the south. The formation of third folds was such that northward-acting stress was rotated from southeast to southwest, and relaxation of this stress resulted in the development in competent strata of joints which strike at 120° and dip steeply. At the Lumwana Prospect the northward-acting Lufilian stress is thought to have been resolved into eastward acting stress during first and second folding as a result of compression near the centre of the Lufilian Arc. The third folds are the normal Lufilian folds sub-parallel to the Lufilian Arc. Normal faulting and intrusion of gabbro along planes of these faults and the earlier thrust faults eccurred in a post-Lufilian tensional phase. In recent times warping of the formations at Lumwana has occurred on east-west axes. Statistical examination of chemical data on fifty-four composite samples of mineralized rock from drill-holes reveals that the distribution of copper, iron and sulphur is related to that of potash and soda. These relationships can be explained on sedimentological grounds since the examination of the distribution of soda and potash in these and other horizons yields no evidence of metasomatism in the mineralized horizon. Intrusive into the mineralized schists, though not found in the ore, are thin amphibolites and a large serpentinite which contains relict olivine and bronzite. This is the first recorded occurrence of ultrabasic rocks in the Lower Roan Group of the Katanga System in this part of Zambia. Study of all formations at the Lumwana Prospect reveals that they have been metamorphosed in the epidote-amphibolite facies of regional metamorphism. Mineral assemblages indicative of the amphibolite facies are found in sheared rocks, and metamorphism in competent parts of the Upper Roan-Mwashia has been confined to the greenschist facies. Temperatures of metamorphism are estimated to have been between 250° and 280°C, and pressures are likely to have exceeded 6 kilobars. Evidence of metasomatism, absent in the Lower Roan, is found in the examination of the Upper Roan-Mwashia formations. Metasomatism includes scapolitization and albitization and is related to the intrusion of gabbro into these sediments, but does not necessarily involve exogenous material. The sulphide minerals identified are bornite, chalcocite, digenite, covellite, chalcopyrite, cubanite, valleriite, carrollite, pyrite and pyrrhotite. Intergrowths of these minerals have resulted from metamorphism at temperatures slightly in excess of 235°C. The copper sulphides are distributed zonally in the orebody with chalcocite- bornite ore where the mineralized schist is thin, and chalcopyrite- cubanite-pyrite ore where it is thick. Vertically the body contains horizons with sulphides relatively rich in copper at the top and bottom, and an intermediate zone with sulphides leaner in copper. This zonal distribution is considered to be evidence for syngenetic deposition of copper during successive cycles of transgression and regression. Ore genesis at Lumwana is closely related to genesis of the Copperbelt and Katanga orebodies. The Zambia-Katanga province is considered to have been enriched in copper epigenetically prior to the formation of the present-day orebodies. Reworking of these cupriferous rocks and some early-formed syngenetic deposits of which Lumwana is one, is considered to have played a major role in producing the present-day copper orebodies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1965
- Authors: McGregor, James Archibald
- Date: 1965
- Subjects: Copper -- Zambia , Copper ores -- Zambia -- Analysis , Copper mines and mining -- Zambia , Mineralogy -- Zambia , Geology, Economic -- Zambia
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5072 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013507
- Description: The Lumwana copper orebody is situated 170 miles west of the Copperbelt. It is stratiform and occurs in schists regarded as part of the Katanga System older than the lower-most Copperbelt quartzite. The discovery of copper at the Lumwana Prospect was a text book example of the success of the R.S.T. Mines Services Limited prospecting techniques. These include partial geochemical analyses of soil and drainage samples, pitting, drilling and radiometric, self potential, magnetic, resistivity and induced polarization methods of geophysical exploration. The copper-bearing formations at the Lumwana Prospect occur in the inverted limb of a great recumbent fold within the Mombezhi Dome. Three periods of folding are recognized from the study of regional foliations and lineation, and the attitude of fold elements in individual folds. Each period of folding is regarded as a major pulse in the Lufilian Orogeny. The first-formed folds are isoclinal and have axial planes which strike at 160°, and dip southwest at 15°; the plunge is 11° in a direction 212° . The formation of first folds was accompanied by thrust faulting and the development of nappe structures including the great Lumwana recumbent fold. The second folds have axial planes which strike at 170° and dip west at 44°, the plunge is 12° in a direction of 192°, and the folds tend to be overturned. The third folds cut across the earlier folds at variable angles, they are overturned to the north and have axial planes which dip gently to the south. The formation of third folds was such that northward-acting stress was rotated from southeast to southwest, and relaxation of this stress resulted in the development in competent strata of joints which strike at 120° and dip steeply. At the Lumwana Prospect the northward-acting Lufilian stress is thought to have been resolved into eastward acting stress during first and second folding as a result of compression near the centre of the Lufilian Arc. The third folds are the normal Lufilian folds sub-parallel to the Lufilian Arc. Normal faulting and intrusion of gabbro along planes of these faults and the earlier thrust faults eccurred in a post-Lufilian tensional phase. In recent times warping of the formations at Lumwana has occurred on east-west axes. Statistical examination of chemical data on fifty-four composite samples of mineralized rock from drill-holes reveals that the distribution of copper, iron and sulphur is related to that of potash and soda. These relationships can be explained on sedimentological grounds since the examination of the distribution of soda and potash in these and other horizons yields no evidence of metasomatism in the mineralized horizon. Intrusive into the mineralized schists, though not found in the ore, are thin amphibolites and a large serpentinite which contains relict olivine and bronzite. This is the first recorded occurrence of ultrabasic rocks in the Lower Roan Group of the Katanga System in this part of Zambia. Study of all formations at the Lumwana Prospect reveals that they have been metamorphosed in the epidote-amphibolite facies of regional metamorphism. Mineral assemblages indicative of the amphibolite facies are found in sheared rocks, and metamorphism in competent parts of the Upper Roan-Mwashia has been confined to the greenschist facies. Temperatures of metamorphism are estimated to have been between 250° and 280°C, and pressures are likely to have exceeded 6 kilobars. Evidence of metasomatism, absent in the Lower Roan, is found in the examination of the Upper Roan-Mwashia formations. Metasomatism includes scapolitization and albitization and is related to the intrusion of gabbro into these sediments, but does not necessarily involve exogenous material. The sulphide minerals identified are bornite, chalcocite, digenite, covellite, chalcopyrite, cubanite, valleriite, carrollite, pyrite and pyrrhotite. Intergrowths of these minerals have resulted from metamorphism at temperatures slightly in excess of 235°C. The copper sulphides are distributed zonally in the orebody with chalcocite- bornite ore where the mineralized schist is thin, and chalcopyrite- cubanite-pyrite ore where it is thick. Vertically the body contains horizons with sulphides relatively rich in copper at the top and bottom, and an intermediate zone with sulphides leaner in copper. This zonal distribution is considered to be evidence for syngenetic deposition of copper during successive cycles of transgression and regression. Ore genesis at Lumwana is closely related to genesis of the Copperbelt and Katanga orebodies. The Zambia-Katanga province is considered to have been enriched in copper epigenetically prior to the formation of the present-day orebodies. Reworking of these cupriferous rocks and some early-formed syngenetic deposits of which Lumwana is one, is considered to have played a major role in producing the present-day copper orebodies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1965
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