The auto/biography of the liberation struggle and public representation of its memory and heritage :1994 to 2008
- Solani, Noel Lungile Zwelidumile
- Authors: Solani, Noel Lungile Zwelidumile
- Date: 2013-03
- Subjects: Monuments , Reconciliation - - Political aspects -- South Africa , Museums
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23067 , vital:55380
- Description: This thesis is an analysis ofthe constructions and productions of new post apartheid identities and heritages of the liberation struggle with a specific reference on the Eastern Cape. It does this by examining the first 15 years ofdemocratic rule in South Africa. While there were many organisations that participated in the liberation struggle such as the African Peoples Organisation (APO). the lndian Congresses. the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC). Unity Movement as well as the African National Congress (ANC). the focus ofthis thesis is restricted to the ANC. In this case it examines what were the objectives and subjective reasons for the participation ofthe ANC in the liberation struggle. These questions are examined from the perspective ofthe ANC as one of the liberation movements that ultimately assumed power and had an opportunity to implement its vision and programmes in a new state. ln this way. this work shows that the objectives ofthe liberation struggle were aimed at replacing the apartheid racial order with a non-racial and non—sexist society where all its members are equal citizens. The thesis seeks to examine the feelings ofthe liberation struggle by looking at songs, poetry. photographs. documentary films. museums and monuments. I argue that, cultural practices and memory institutions such as museums. offers us useful complex methodologies in the narration ofthe auto/biography ofthe liberation struggle. I also argue that each of these does not only tell the narrative of the liberation struggle, trigger and promote the memory ofthat struggle and individuals within that struggle. but they also communicate the feelings ofthis struggle. its growth and maturity in ways that history as understood in the academy cannot The main question that is asked in this study is: what were the self—determined objectives ofthe National Democratic Struggle (NDS)? In this regard, I therefore examine two issues: first I look at the evolution ofthe national or native question in South Africa and the reaction or understanding ofthe liberation movements. especially the ANC. towards the national question. The thesis also examines the AN(“s attitude on this matter. Secondl). I attempt to analyse the “national question“ in a changed environment and the ways in which it is constructed through public memory and the means used for the "nation“ to where While not engaging on the merits or demerits of the national question. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Science and Humanities, 2013
- Full Text:
- Authors: Solani, Noel Lungile Zwelidumile
- Date: 2013-03
- Subjects: Monuments , Reconciliation - - Political aspects -- South Africa , Museums
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23067 , vital:55380
- Description: This thesis is an analysis ofthe constructions and productions of new post apartheid identities and heritages of the liberation struggle with a specific reference on the Eastern Cape. It does this by examining the first 15 years ofdemocratic rule in South Africa. While there were many organisations that participated in the liberation struggle such as the African Peoples Organisation (APO). the lndian Congresses. the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC). Unity Movement as well as the African National Congress (ANC). the focus ofthis thesis is restricted to the ANC. In this case it examines what were the objectives and subjective reasons for the participation ofthe ANC in the liberation struggle. These questions are examined from the perspective ofthe ANC as one of the liberation movements that ultimately assumed power and had an opportunity to implement its vision and programmes in a new state. ln this way. this work shows that the objectives ofthe liberation struggle were aimed at replacing the apartheid racial order with a non-racial and non—sexist society where all its members are equal citizens. The thesis seeks to examine the feelings ofthe liberation struggle by looking at songs, poetry. photographs. documentary films. museums and monuments. I argue that, cultural practices and memory institutions such as museums. offers us useful complex methodologies in the narration ofthe auto/biography ofthe liberation struggle. I also argue that each of these does not only tell the narrative of the liberation struggle, trigger and promote the memory ofthat struggle and individuals within that struggle. but they also communicate the feelings ofthis struggle. its growth and maturity in ways that history as understood in the academy cannot The main question that is asked in this study is: what were the self—determined objectives ofthe National Democratic Struggle (NDS)? In this regard, I therefore examine two issues: first I look at the evolution ofthe national or native question in South Africa and the reaction or understanding ofthe liberation movements. especially the ANC. towards the national question. The thesis also examines the AN(“s attitude on this matter. Secondl). I attempt to analyse the “national question“ in a changed environment and the ways in which it is constructed through public memory and the means used for the "nation“ to where While not engaging on the merits or demerits of the national question. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Science and Humanities, 2013
- Full Text:
The changing face of NEPAD and the challenges of facilitating sub-regional economic integration on the ECOWAS platform
- Authors: Agomuonso, Udo Robertson
- Date: 2013-03
- Subjects: New Partnership for Africa's Development , Economic Community of West African States , Sustainable development -- Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24783 , vital:63573
- Description: This research is intended to evaluate and study the challenges confronting NEPAD’s quest for sub regional economic integration in the ECOWAS domain. Political and economic integration has been part of African strategy to overcome fragmentation, marginalization and improve the continent’s position in the global political economy. Indeed, Africa needs integration more than any other continent or region in the world and this is why, it has had a fair share of regional integration arrangements all through her history. Unfortunately, these efforts have not paid off in the dimension of desired expectations. When NEPAD was established, it was given regional integration responsibilities, even though it was not a regional organization. It was mandated to drive regional integration in Africa by supporting the regional integration efforts of the regional economic institutions in Africa. After 10 years of existence, African leaders dissolved NEPAD and in its place, instituted the NEPAD Planning and Coordinating Agency (NPCA). This move was orchestrated by the seemingly slow progress made by NEPAD in this direction. NEPAD and ECOWAS has been working together to promote regional integration, but like in most parts of Africa, the challenges has been seemingly intractable. The study is anchored around the principles of integration as presented by the neo-functionalists theorists. Hence, the research attempted to provide an explanation of the performance and non-performance of NEPAD as a regional integration tool, within the confines of the theory. The findings show that while, there has been some level of success in this venture as evidenced by the projects that are on-going in the sub region, the fact remains that NEPAD did not deliver or actually delivered below expectations. However, this situation is reversible as the study submitted that, there is a future for regional integration in West Africa, Africa and the new NPCA, if the African Union pulls the right levers. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2013
- Full Text:
- Authors: Agomuonso, Udo Robertson
- Date: 2013-03
- Subjects: New Partnership for Africa's Development , Economic Community of West African States , Sustainable development -- Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24783 , vital:63573
- Description: This research is intended to evaluate and study the challenges confronting NEPAD’s quest for sub regional economic integration in the ECOWAS domain. Political and economic integration has been part of African strategy to overcome fragmentation, marginalization and improve the continent’s position in the global political economy. Indeed, Africa needs integration more than any other continent or region in the world and this is why, it has had a fair share of regional integration arrangements all through her history. Unfortunately, these efforts have not paid off in the dimension of desired expectations. When NEPAD was established, it was given regional integration responsibilities, even though it was not a regional organization. It was mandated to drive regional integration in Africa by supporting the regional integration efforts of the regional economic institutions in Africa. After 10 years of existence, African leaders dissolved NEPAD and in its place, instituted the NEPAD Planning and Coordinating Agency (NPCA). This move was orchestrated by the seemingly slow progress made by NEPAD in this direction. NEPAD and ECOWAS has been working together to promote regional integration, but like in most parts of Africa, the challenges has been seemingly intractable. The study is anchored around the principles of integration as presented by the neo-functionalists theorists. Hence, the research attempted to provide an explanation of the performance and non-performance of NEPAD as a regional integration tool, within the confines of the theory. The findings show that while, there has been some level of success in this venture as evidenced by the projects that are on-going in the sub region, the fact remains that NEPAD did not deliver or actually delivered below expectations. However, this situation is reversible as the study submitted that, there is a future for regional integration in West Africa, Africa and the new NPCA, if the African Union pulls the right levers. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2013
- Full Text:
An exploratory study of the impacts of climate variability on food production availability and access in Chivi district 6, Zimbabwe
- Authors: Gwindi, Raphael
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Climatic changes , Food security , Agricultural development projects
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26696 , vital:65852
- Description: The impacts of climate variability have been of global concern for many years. These impacts are affecting economic, social, cultural, agricultural, health and political structures in different countries. Although the impacts of climate variability on agricultural production are being experienced globally, it is generally accepted that developing countries are the worst affected due to a variety of reasons. Given the high susceptibility of developing countries to climate variability, this study maps and analyses the impacts of climate variability on agricultural production, food production, availability and access in Chivi District, Zimbabwe. The study aimed at finding out experiences, so it used a qualitative approach. The study uses in-depth and focus group discussions to collect data. Chivi district is experiencing erratic weather patterns which are impacting agricultural production in general and food production in particular. Consequently, food availability and access is on the decline in the district. Even though smallholder farmers have devised coping and adaptation strategies, this is not sufficient to help them fully deal with the impacts of climate variability. This is due to their limited assets, inadequate technology and climate information among other things. In an attempt to assist these smallholder farmers cope and adapt to the impacts of climate variability, NGOs and Government Departments have instituted a number of community interventions. This assistance includes agricultural extension services, farming input support and provision of climate change information and a lot of other things. In view of these findings, the study recommends the universal adoption and growing of small grain drought resistant crops in climate variability affected Chivi. It further recommends that farmers adopt conservation agriculture, get into partnerships and co-operatives to practice irrigation gardening where those without water sources provide equipment, labour and knowledge. The study also recommends that more climate science research be conducted in Zimbabwe by both NGOs and Government Departments. Furthermore, government and NGOs should provide more support for farmers in the form of climate change related training, knowledge and technology transfer among other things. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2013
- Full Text:
- Authors: Gwindi, Raphael
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Climatic changes , Food security , Agricultural development projects
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26696 , vital:65852
- Description: The impacts of climate variability have been of global concern for many years. These impacts are affecting economic, social, cultural, agricultural, health and political structures in different countries. Although the impacts of climate variability on agricultural production are being experienced globally, it is generally accepted that developing countries are the worst affected due to a variety of reasons. Given the high susceptibility of developing countries to climate variability, this study maps and analyses the impacts of climate variability on agricultural production, food production, availability and access in Chivi District, Zimbabwe. The study aimed at finding out experiences, so it used a qualitative approach. The study uses in-depth and focus group discussions to collect data. Chivi district is experiencing erratic weather patterns which are impacting agricultural production in general and food production in particular. Consequently, food availability and access is on the decline in the district. Even though smallholder farmers have devised coping and adaptation strategies, this is not sufficient to help them fully deal with the impacts of climate variability. This is due to their limited assets, inadequate technology and climate information among other things. In an attempt to assist these smallholder farmers cope and adapt to the impacts of climate variability, NGOs and Government Departments have instituted a number of community interventions. This assistance includes agricultural extension services, farming input support and provision of climate change information and a lot of other things. In view of these findings, the study recommends the universal adoption and growing of small grain drought resistant crops in climate variability affected Chivi. It further recommends that farmers adopt conservation agriculture, get into partnerships and co-operatives to practice irrigation gardening where those without water sources provide equipment, labour and knowledge. The study also recommends that more climate science research be conducted in Zimbabwe by both NGOs and Government Departments. Furthermore, government and NGOs should provide more support for farmers in the form of climate change related training, knowledge and technology transfer among other things. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2013
- Full Text:
Characterization of bioflocculants produced by consortia of three marine bacteria belonging to the genera bacillus and cobetia previously isolated from the bottom sediment of Algoa Bay in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa
- Ugbenyen, Anthony Moses https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1381-3428
- Authors: Ugbenyen, Anthony Moses https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1381-3428
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Water -- Purification -- Flocculation , Water quality management , Flocculation
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24454 , vital:62804
- Description: The bioflocculant-producing potentials of three marine bacteria isolated from the sediment samples of Algoa Bay in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa were assessed. Analysis of the partial nucleotide sequence of the 16S rDNA of the bacteria revealed 99 percent, 99 percent, and 98 percent similarity to Cobetia sp. L222, Bacillus sp. A-5A, and Bacillus sp. HXG-C1 respectively and the sequence was deposited in GenBank as Cobetia sp. OAUIFE, Bacillus sp. MAYA and Bacillus sp. Gilbert (accession number JF799092, JF799093, and HQ537128 respectively). Cultivation condition studies for Cobetia sp. OAUIFE revealed that bioflocculant production was optimal with an inoculum size of 2 percent (v/v), initial pH of 6.0, Mn2+ as the metal ion, and glucose as the carbon source. Metal ions, including Na+, K+, Li+, Ca2+and Mg2+ stimulated bioflocculant production resulting in flocculating activity of above 90 percent. This crude bioflocculant is thermally stable, with about 78 percent of its flocculating activity remaining after heating at 100 oC for 25 min. Analysis of the purified bioflocculant revealed it to be an acidic extracellular polysaccharide. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of methoxyl, hydroxyl, and carboxyl - groups in the compound bioflocculant and SEM micrograph of the bioflocculant revealed a crystal-linear structure. On the other hand, bioflocculant production by Bacillus sp. MAYA was optimal when glucose (95.6 percent flocculating activity) and ammonium nitrate (83.3 percent flocculating activity) were used as carbon and nitrogen sources respectively; inoculum size was 2 percent (v/v); initial pH 6; and Ca2+ as coagulant aid. Chemical analysis of the purified bioflocculant shows that it is composed of uronic acid, neutral sugar and protein. FTIR analysis also revealed the presence of methoxyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino- groups in this bioflocculant. The bioflocculant is thermostable with about 65.6 percent residual flocculating activity retained after heating the bioflocculant at 100 oC for 25 min. However bioflocculant production by Bacillus sp. Gilbert was optimal when sodium carbonate (95.2 percent flocculating activity) and potassium nitrate (76.6 percent flocculating activity) were used as carbon and nitrogen sources respectively; inoculum size was 3 percent (v/v); initial pH 9; and Al3+ as cation. The crude bioflocculant retained 44.2 percent residual flocculating activity after heating at 100 oC for 15 min. FTIR analysis reveals the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and methylene - groups in the compound bioflocculant. SEM micrograph of the bioflocculant revealed an amorphous compound. The consortia of these bacteria strains also produced bioflocculants with high flocculating activities which were highly efficient in removing turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from brewery wastewater, diary wastewater and river water. The bioflocculants from the consortia seemed better than traditional flocculants such as alum . The characteristics of the bioflocculant produced by the consortium of Cobetia sp. OAUIFE and Bacillus sp. MAYA showed that this extracellular bioflocculant, composed of 66percent uronic acid and 31percent protein and an optimum flocculation (90 percent) of kaolin suspension, when the dosage concentration was 0.8 mg/ml, under weak alkaline pH of 8, and Ca2+ as a coagulant aid. The bioflocculant is thermally stable, with a high residual flocculating activity of 86.7 percent, 89.3 percent and 87.0 percent after heating at 50 oC, 80 oC and 100 oC for 25 min respectively. The FTIR analysis of the bioflocculant indicated the presence of hydroxyl, amino, carbonyl and carboxyl functional groups. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image revealed a crystal-linear spongy-like bioflocculant structure and EDX analysis of the purified bioflocculant showed that the elemental composition in mass proportion of C,N,O,S and P was 6.67:6.23:37.55:0.38:4.42 (percent w/w). However, the characteristics of the bioflocculant produced by the consortium of Cobetia sp OAUIFE and Bacillus sp. Gilbert showed an optimum flocculation (90 percent) of kaolin suspension when the dosage concentration was 0.2 mg/ml, under neutral pH of 7, and Ca2+ as a coagulant aid. The FTIR analysis of the bioflocculant indicated the presence of hydroxyl and carbonyl functional groups. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image revealed an amorphous morphology. On the other hand the bioflocculant produced by the consortium of Bacillus sp. MAYA and Bacillus sp. Gilbert showed similar characteristic with the bioflocculant from the consortium of Cobetia sp. OAUIFE and Bacillus sp. Gilbert except for Al3+ being the preferred coagulant aid. The characteristics of the bioflocculant produced by the consortium of Cobetia sp. OAUIFE, Bacillus sp. MAYA and Bacillus sp. Gilbert showed an optimum flocculation (87 percent) of kaolin suspension when the dosage concentration was 1.0 mg/ml. Under strong alkaline pH of 12, flocculating activity reached (95 percent) when Al3+ was the coagulant aid. The FTIR analysis of the bioflocculant indicated the presence of hydroxyl, amino, carbonyl and carboxyl and phosphoryl functional groups. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image revealed a flaky amorphous morphological structure. Due to the excellent COD and turbidity removal efficiencies of the bioflocculants produced by the consortia, these make those attractive candidates for use in water and wastewater treatment. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2013
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ugbenyen, Anthony Moses https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1381-3428
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Water -- Purification -- Flocculation , Water quality management , Flocculation
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24454 , vital:62804
- Description: The bioflocculant-producing potentials of three marine bacteria isolated from the sediment samples of Algoa Bay in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa were assessed. Analysis of the partial nucleotide sequence of the 16S rDNA of the bacteria revealed 99 percent, 99 percent, and 98 percent similarity to Cobetia sp. L222, Bacillus sp. A-5A, and Bacillus sp. HXG-C1 respectively and the sequence was deposited in GenBank as Cobetia sp. OAUIFE, Bacillus sp. MAYA and Bacillus sp. Gilbert (accession number JF799092, JF799093, and HQ537128 respectively). Cultivation condition studies for Cobetia sp. OAUIFE revealed that bioflocculant production was optimal with an inoculum size of 2 percent (v/v), initial pH of 6.0, Mn2+ as the metal ion, and glucose as the carbon source. Metal ions, including Na+, K+, Li+, Ca2+and Mg2+ stimulated bioflocculant production resulting in flocculating activity of above 90 percent. This crude bioflocculant is thermally stable, with about 78 percent of its flocculating activity remaining after heating at 100 oC for 25 min. Analysis of the purified bioflocculant revealed it to be an acidic extracellular polysaccharide. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of methoxyl, hydroxyl, and carboxyl - groups in the compound bioflocculant and SEM micrograph of the bioflocculant revealed a crystal-linear structure. On the other hand, bioflocculant production by Bacillus sp. MAYA was optimal when glucose (95.6 percent flocculating activity) and ammonium nitrate (83.3 percent flocculating activity) were used as carbon and nitrogen sources respectively; inoculum size was 2 percent (v/v); initial pH 6; and Ca2+ as coagulant aid. Chemical analysis of the purified bioflocculant shows that it is composed of uronic acid, neutral sugar and protein. FTIR analysis also revealed the presence of methoxyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino- groups in this bioflocculant. The bioflocculant is thermostable with about 65.6 percent residual flocculating activity retained after heating the bioflocculant at 100 oC for 25 min. However bioflocculant production by Bacillus sp. Gilbert was optimal when sodium carbonate (95.2 percent flocculating activity) and potassium nitrate (76.6 percent flocculating activity) were used as carbon and nitrogen sources respectively; inoculum size was 3 percent (v/v); initial pH 9; and Al3+ as cation. The crude bioflocculant retained 44.2 percent residual flocculating activity after heating at 100 oC for 15 min. FTIR analysis reveals the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and methylene - groups in the compound bioflocculant. SEM micrograph of the bioflocculant revealed an amorphous compound. The consortia of these bacteria strains also produced bioflocculants with high flocculating activities which were highly efficient in removing turbidity and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from brewery wastewater, diary wastewater and river water. The bioflocculants from the consortia seemed better than traditional flocculants such as alum . The characteristics of the bioflocculant produced by the consortium of Cobetia sp. OAUIFE and Bacillus sp. MAYA showed that this extracellular bioflocculant, composed of 66percent uronic acid and 31percent protein and an optimum flocculation (90 percent) of kaolin suspension, when the dosage concentration was 0.8 mg/ml, under weak alkaline pH of 8, and Ca2+ as a coagulant aid. The bioflocculant is thermally stable, with a high residual flocculating activity of 86.7 percent, 89.3 percent and 87.0 percent after heating at 50 oC, 80 oC and 100 oC for 25 min respectively. The FTIR analysis of the bioflocculant indicated the presence of hydroxyl, amino, carbonyl and carboxyl functional groups. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image revealed a crystal-linear spongy-like bioflocculant structure and EDX analysis of the purified bioflocculant showed that the elemental composition in mass proportion of C,N,O,S and P was 6.67:6.23:37.55:0.38:4.42 (percent w/w). However, the characteristics of the bioflocculant produced by the consortium of Cobetia sp OAUIFE and Bacillus sp. Gilbert showed an optimum flocculation (90 percent) of kaolin suspension when the dosage concentration was 0.2 mg/ml, under neutral pH of 7, and Ca2+ as a coagulant aid. The FTIR analysis of the bioflocculant indicated the presence of hydroxyl and carbonyl functional groups. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image revealed an amorphous morphology. On the other hand the bioflocculant produced by the consortium of Bacillus sp. MAYA and Bacillus sp. Gilbert showed similar characteristic with the bioflocculant from the consortium of Cobetia sp. OAUIFE and Bacillus sp. Gilbert except for Al3+ being the preferred coagulant aid. The characteristics of the bioflocculant produced by the consortium of Cobetia sp. OAUIFE, Bacillus sp. MAYA and Bacillus sp. Gilbert showed an optimum flocculation (87 percent) of kaolin suspension when the dosage concentration was 1.0 mg/ml. Under strong alkaline pH of 12, flocculating activity reached (95 percent) when Al3+ was the coagulant aid. The FTIR analysis of the bioflocculant indicated the presence of hydroxyl, amino, carbonyl and carboxyl and phosphoryl functional groups. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image revealed a flaky amorphous morphological structure. Due to the excellent COD and turbidity removal efficiencies of the bioflocculants produced by the consortia, these make those attractive candidates for use in water and wastewater treatment. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2013
- Full Text:
Investigation of institutions for the implementation of the Dutywa Agripark Project in Mbashe Local Municipality in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
- Authors: Ndita, Bongani Herschel
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Agricultural development projects , Rangelands
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24587 , vital:63210
- Description: The study investigated local institutions amongst Agri-park project beneficiaries: A case of Dutywa Agri-park in Mbashe Local Municipality. Specifically, the dissertation sought to: investigate formal and informal institutions pertaining to land, rangeland management and support services, extension services amongst Agri-park beneficiaries, and explore options with communities to strengthen these institutions for the application of the Agri-park projects. The role of local institutions in economic development has received steadily increasing attention from researchers, policy makers and development practitioners. , institutions can be defined as the formal and informal rules of the game that have been formulated to rule people‟s behaviour and transactions. Informal rules may include among others, customs, norms and standards, religion, indigenous law while formal rules may include laws, constitutions, policies, markets and firms. This study used a survey design, quantitative and qualitative research methodologies involving the use of questionnaire. The data for this study was collected from 114 households which are Agri-park project beneficiaries, the extension officer, project site manager and local economic development officer. The data were collected through face to face and telephonic interviews. Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 20.0) were used for descriptive analysis in order to identify the existing local institutions and how they should be strengthen. The results showed that a number of local institutions do exist. The main findings of this study were as follows: (1) Project beneficiaries were aware of their stakeholders and that they knew the roles and responsibilities of each stakeholder in the project. (2) Traditional leaders were aware about the project and that they have a major role to play. (3) Project beneficiaries have organized themselves into groups of co-operatives and their co-operatives are registered with the Department of Agriculture. (4) Project initiators are going to transfer the ownership of the project to these communities after it becomes well established. (5) There was a mutual agreement of youth employment rotation in the project between these four communities. (6) The condition of lease agreement for a land where the project currently running is 9 months renewable contract with the rental payment of R 6300.00 per annum. (7) The lease agreement gives the church a property right to reclaim the land should payments not be made. (8) Project beneficiaries possess some agricultural skills and that they have received various training. The study recommended that there is a need to strengthen these rules and regulation for the project to become more efficient and productive in the long-run. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2013
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ndita, Bongani Herschel
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Agricultural development projects , Rangelands
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24587 , vital:63210
- Description: The study investigated local institutions amongst Agri-park project beneficiaries: A case of Dutywa Agri-park in Mbashe Local Municipality. Specifically, the dissertation sought to: investigate formal and informal institutions pertaining to land, rangeland management and support services, extension services amongst Agri-park beneficiaries, and explore options with communities to strengthen these institutions for the application of the Agri-park projects. The role of local institutions in economic development has received steadily increasing attention from researchers, policy makers and development practitioners. , institutions can be defined as the formal and informal rules of the game that have been formulated to rule people‟s behaviour and transactions. Informal rules may include among others, customs, norms and standards, religion, indigenous law while formal rules may include laws, constitutions, policies, markets and firms. This study used a survey design, quantitative and qualitative research methodologies involving the use of questionnaire. The data for this study was collected from 114 households which are Agri-park project beneficiaries, the extension officer, project site manager and local economic development officer. The data were collected through face to face and telephonic interviews. Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 20.0) were used for descriptive analysis in order to identify the existing local institutions and how they should be strengthen. The results showed that a number of local institutions do exist. The main findings of this study were as follows: (1) Project beneficiaries were aware of their stakeholders and that they knew the roles and responsibilities of each stakeholder in the project. (2) Traditional leaders were aware about the project and that they have a major role to play. (3) Project beneficiaries have organized themselves into groups of co-operatives and their co-operatives are registered with the Department of Agriculture. (4) Project initiators are going to transfer the ownership of the project to these communities after it becomes well established. (5) There was a mutual agreement of youth employment rotation in the project between these four communities. (6) The condition of lease agreement for a land where the project currently running is 9 months renewable contract with the rental payment of R 6300.00 per annum. (7) The lease agreement gives the church a property right to reclaim the land should payments not be made. (8) Project beneficiaries possess some agricultural skills and that they have received various training. The study recommended that there is a need to strengthen these rules and regulation for the project to become more efficient and productive in the long-run. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2013
- Full Text:
Negotiating identity and belonging: perspectives of children living in a disadvantaged community in the Eastern Cape province
- Authors: Ridley, Tamerin Amy
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Group identity , Self-esteem
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24813 , vital:63598
- Description: Developing an identity with self-esteem and a sense of self-worth is a child’s fundamental right (Vandenbroek, 2001). To encourage identity formation children need to ask and answer questions such as: ‘Who am I?’, ‘Where do I belong?’ and ‘Is it ok to be who I am?’ A child’s identity is shaped largely by his/her experiences with regards to relationships and belonging within communities and familial structures. However, South Africa faces a host of problems, including poverty, violence, HIV/AIDS, all of which contribute to the breakdown of these familial and community structures. Utilising a participatory action framework, this research aims to provide insight into how children living in a disadvantaged community negotiate identity and belonging. This insight into children’s perceptions of identity and belonging is useful for identifying resources within the community which promote a positive sense of identity and belonging, and also to identify areas where support and intervention are required. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2013
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ridley, Tamerin Amy
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Group identity , Self-esteem
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24813 , vital:63598
- Description: Developing an identity with self-esteem and a sense of self-worth is a child’s fundamental right (Vandenbroek, 2001). To encourage identity formation children need to ask and answer questions such as: ‘Who am I?’, ‘Where do I belong?’ and ‘Is it ok to be who I am?’ A child’s identity is shaped largely by his/her experiences with regards to relationships and belonging within communities and familial structures. However, South Africa faces a host of problems, including poverty, violence, HIV/AIDS, all of which contribute to the breakdown of these familial and community structures. Utilising a participatory action framework, this research aims to provide insight into how children living in a disadvantaged community negotiate identity and belonging. This insight into children’s perceptions of identity and belonging is useful for identifying resources within the community which promote a positive sense of identity and belonging, and also to identify areas where support and intervention are required. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2013
- Full Text:
Opening up global food trade to developing countries: an evaluation of the World Trade Organisation's agreement on sanitary and phytosanitary measure
- Authors: Nyatsanza, Sharon
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: World Trade Organization , Food contamination , Food handling -- Safety measures
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/27413 , vital:67294
- Description: Food safety and consumer protection has been a major concern of regulators since the 12th century. Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) measures were therefore introduced to protect human, animal and plant safety. With the expansion of international trade came the increase in the use of SPS measures. However these increases in the use of SPS measures were accompanied with their misuse for protectionist purposes. SPS measures which had been created for legitimate purposes quickly became significant barriers to trade. The World Trade Organisation (WTO) adopted the WTO Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS Agreement) as a mechanism to regulate the use of SPS measures and avoid their potential use as protectionist tools. Trade liberalization and market access has been a primary aim of the WTO, therefore in principle the SPS Agreement is supposed to open up global food trade for all countries.Apart from opening up global food trade, another purpose of the SPS Agreement was to protect the developing countries, accommodate their special needs and in turn promote their economic development. Developing countries are heavily dependent on global food trade for their economic development. However developing states can only benefit from global food trade if they comply with SPS standards set in the importing countries. Considering their reliance on the agro – food sector the economic development of developing states is heavily reliant on the successful implementation of the SPS Agreement. According the SPS Agreement must avoid the use of illegitimate SPS measures and promote market access. It is therefore crucial that the SPS Agreement be analysed to determine whether its text, application and or interpretation satisfies the objective of opening up global food trade especially for developing states. The objective is to show the significance of a regulatory framework that is as much as possible devoid of any loopholes or shortcomings, which could frustrate the developmental interests. Inappropriate accommodation of developmental interests in the SPS Agreement could have adverse impacts on the development prospectus of developing countries. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, 2013
- Full Text:
- Authors: Nyatsanza, Sharon
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: World Trade Organization , Food contamination , Food handling -- Safety measures
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/27413 , vital:67294
- Description: Food safety and consumer protection has been a major concern of regulators since the 12th century. Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) measures were therefore introduced to protect human, animal and plant safety. With the expansion of international trade came the increase in the use of SPS measures. However these increases in the use of SPS measures were accompanied with their misuse for protectionist purposes. SPS measures which had been created for legitimate purposes quickly became significant barriers to trade. The World Trade Organisation (WTO) adopted the WTO Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS Agreement) as a mechanism to regulate the use of SPS measures and avoid their potential use as protectionist tools. Trade liberalization and market access has been a primary aim of the WTO, therefore in principle the SPS Agreement is supposed to open up global food trade for all countries.Apart from opening up global food trade, another purpose of the SPS Agreement was to protect the developing countries, accommodate their special needs and in turn promote their economic development. Developing countries are heavily dependent on global food trade for their economic development. However developing states can only benefit from global food trade if they comply with SPS standards set in the importing countries. Considering their reliance on the agro – food sector the economic development of developing states is heavily reliant on the successful implementation of the SPS Agreement. According the SPS Agreement must avoid the use of illegitimate SPS measures and promote market access. It is therefore crucial that the SPS Agreement be analysed to determine whether its text, application and or interpretation satisfies the objective of opening up global food trade especially for developing states. The objective is to show the significance of a regulatory framework that is as much as possible devoid of any loopholes or shortcomings, which could frustrate the developmental interests. Inappropriate accommodation of developmental interests in the SPS Agreement could have adverse impacts on the development prospectus of developing countries. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, 2013
- Full Text:
Production and characterization of a bioflocculant from a consortium of bacteria belonging to the halomonas and micrococcus genera
- Okaiyeto, Kunle (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7211-714X)
- Authors: Okaiyeto, Kunle (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7211-714X)
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Flocculents , Bacteria
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25822 , vital:64489
- Description: The physicochemical properties of two bioflocculant producing bacteria; Halomonas sp. Okoh and Micrococcus sp. Leo were investigated. The optimum culture conditions for the individual species were determined. All the growth conditions examined for the individual bacteria were similar. Glucose and ammonium sulphate as sole carbon and nitrogen sources respectively resulted in optimum production of bioflocculant. The flocculating activity of the bioflocculants was stimulated when Al3+ was used as the coagulating aid under acidic medium. The information obtained from individual strains was used to produce a bioflocculant from the consortium of the two bacteria. After purification, the bioflocculant yields from 1L fermentation broths were 1.213 g from Halomonas sp. Okoh, 0.738 g from Micrococcus sp. Leo and 3.51 g from the consortium. The chemical analyses of the purified bioflocculants showed that they were glycoproteins. The thermostability property of the bioflocculants was investigated between 50-100oC and the results revealed that they are heat-stable. Fourier transform infrared revealed the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino groups in the bioflocculant molecules. Scaning electron microscope (SEM) images showed the structure of each bioflocculant(s) and kaolin clay before and after flocculation. From the results obtained, the idea of using the two strains in consortium for bioflocculant production resulted in an improvement in terms of flocculating activity and yield. The bioflocculants appears to have promise as an alternative to chemical flocculants used in various industrial processes such as wastewater treatment and drinking water purification. , Thesis (MA) -- Science and Agriculture, 2013
- Full Text:
- Authors: Okaiyeto, Kunle (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7211-714X)
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Flocculents , Bacteria
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25822 , vital:64489
- Description: The physicochemical properties of two bioflocculant producing bacteria; Halomonas sp. Okoh and Micrococcus sp. Leo were investigated. The optimum culture conditions for the individual species were determined. All the growth conditions examined for the individual bacteria were similar. Glucose and ammonium sulphate as sole carbon and nitrogen sources respectively resulted in optimum production of bioflocculant. The flocculating activity of the bioflocculants was stimulated when Al3+ was used as the coagulating aid under acidic medium. The information obtained from individual strains was used to produce a bioflocculant from the consortium of the two bacteria. After purification, the bioflocculant yields from 1L fermentation broths were 1.213 g from Halomonas sp. Okoh, 0.738 g from Micrococcus sp. Leo and 3.51 g from the consortium. The chemical analyses of the purified bioflocculants showed that they were glycoproteins. The thermostability property of the bioflocculants was investigated between 50-100oC and the results revealed that they are heat-stable. Fourier transform infrared revealed the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino groups in the bioflocculant molecules. Scaning electron microscope (SEM) images showed the structure of each bioflocculant(s) and kaolin clay before and after flocculation. From the results obtained, the idea of using the two strains in consortium for bioflocculant production resulted in an improvement in terms of flocculating activity and yield. The bioflocculants appears to have promise as an alternative to chemical flocculants used in various industrial processes such as wastewater treatment and drinking water purification. , Thesis (MA) -- Science and Agriculture, 2013
- Full Text:
Production and characterization of a bioflocculant from a consortium of bacteria belonging to the halomonas and micrococcus genera.
- Okaiyeto, Kunle (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7211-714X)
- Authors: Okaiyeto, Kunle (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7211-714X)
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Flocculants , Bacteria
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26119 , vital:64917
- Description: The physicochemical properties of two bioflocculant producing bacteria; Halomonas sp. Okoh and Micrococcus sp. Leo were investigated. The optimum culture conditions for the individual species were determined. All the growth conditions examined for the individual bacteria were similar. Glucose and ammonium sulphate as sole carbon and nitrogen sources respectively resulted in optimum production of bioflocculant. The flocculating activity of the bioflocculants was stimulated when Al3+ was used as the coagulating aid under acidic medium. The information obtained from individual strains was used to produce a bioflocculant from the consortium of the two bacteria. After purification, the bioflocculant yields from 1L fermentation broths were 1.213 g from Halomonas sp. Okoh, 0.738 g from Micrococcus sp. Leo and 3.51 g from the consortium. The chemical analyses of the purified bioflocculants showed that they were glycoproteins. The thermostability property of the bioflocculants was investigated between 50-100oC and the results revealed that they are heat-stable. Fourier transform infrared revealed the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino groups in the bioflocculant molecules. Scaning electron microscope (SEM) images showed the structure of each bioflocculant(s) and kaolin clay before and after flocculation. From the results obtained, the idea of using the two strains in consortium for bioflocculant production resulted in an improvement in terms of flocculating activity and yield. The bioflocculants appears to have promise as an alternative to chemical flocculants used in various industrial processes such as wastewater treatment and drinking water purification. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty Science and Agriculture, 2013
- Full Text:
- Authors: Okaiyeto, Kunle (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7211-714X)
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Flocculants , Bacteria
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26119 , vital:64917
- Description: The physicochemical properties of two bioflocculant producing bacteria; Halomonas sp. Okoh and Micrococcus sp. Leo were investigated. The optimum culture conditions for the individual species were determined. All the growth conditions examined for the individual bacteria were similar. Glucose and ammonium sulphate as sole carbon and nitrogen sources respectively resulted in optimum production of bioflocculant. The flocculating activity of the bioflocculants was stimulated when Al3+ was used as the coagulating aid under acidic medium. The information obtained from individual strains was used to produce a bioflocculant from the consortium of the two bacteria. After purification, the bioflocculant yields from 1L fermentation broths were 1.213 g from Halomonas sp. Okoh, 0.738 g from Micrococcus sp. Leo and 3.51 g from the consortium. The chemical analyses of the purified bioflocculants showed that they were glycoproteins. The thermostability property of the bioflocculants was investigated between 50-100oC and the results revealed that they are heat-stable. Fourier transform infrared revealed the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino groups in the bioflocculant molecules. Scaning electron microscope (SEM) images showed the structure of each bioflocculant(s) and kaolin clay before and after flocculation. From the results obtained, the idea of using the two strains in consortium for bioflocculant production resulted in an improvement in terms of flocculating activity and yield. The bioflocculants appears to have promise as an alternative to chemical flocculants used in various industrial processes such as wastewater treatment and drinking water purification. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty Science and Agriculture, 2013
- Full Text:
The impact of the exchange rate volatility on unemployment in South Africa
- Nyahokwe, Olivia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2903-1014
- Authors: Nyahokwe, Olivia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2903-1014
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Foreign exchange rates -- South Africa , Unemployment -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25580 , vital:64336
- Description: Real exchange rate volatility have important effects on production, employment and trade, so it is crucial to understand its impact on unemployment especially on a country like South Africa.This study analyses the impact of the real exchange rate volatility on unemployment and the dynamic adjustment of unemployment rate following shocks to its determinants using quarterly South African data covering the period 2000 to 2010. It begins with a review of literature on the impact of exchange rate volatility on unemployment and provides a brief updated background on the exchange rate and unemployment in South Africa. An empirical model linking the real exchange rate to unemployment is then specified. In contrast to previous analyses, this study augments the cointegration and vector autoregression (VAR) and the GARCH model including analysis with impulse response and variance decomposition analyses to provide robust long run effects and short run dynamic effects on the unemployment rate. The empirical analysis using a variety of specifications,estimation techniques, and robustness tests suggests that exchange rate volatility has a statistically and economically significant impact on employment. The variables that have been found to have a long run relationship with unemployment rate include the real exchange rate, exports ,real interest rate and the gross domestic product.The impulse response functions broadly corroborate the theoretical predictions, but only real interest rate and exports have a significant impact on unemployment in the short run. Results from the variance decompositions are largely similar to those from the impulse response analysis. The real exchange rate and exports are the only variables found to significantly explain the variation in the unemployment. The most interesting result that emerged from this analysis and is supported by previous research is that among other determinants, the real exchange rate explain the largest proportion of the variation in unemployment rate. On balance, the evidence therefore suggests that unemployment rate fluctuations are predominantly equilibrium responses to real exchange rate shocks in comparison with interest rates, economic growth and exports. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2013
- Full Text:
- Authors: Nyahokwe, Olivia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2903-1014
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Foreign exchange rates -- South Africa , Unemployment -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25580 , vital:64336
- Description: Real exchange rate volatility have important effects on production, employment and trade, so it is crucial to understand its impact on unemployment especially on a country like South Africa.This study analyses the impact of the real exchange rate volatility on unemployment and the dynamic adjustment of unemployment rate following shocks to its determinants using quarterly South African data covering the period 2000 to 2010. It begins with a review of literature on the impact of exchange rate volatility on unemployment and provides a brief updated background on the exchange rate and unemployment in South Africa. An empirical model linking the real exchange rate to unemployment is then specified. In contrast to previous analyses, this study augments the cointegration and vector autoregression (VAR) and the GARCH model including analysis with impulse response and variance decomposition analyses to provide robust long run effects and short run dynamic effects on the unemployment rate. The empirical analysis using a variety of specifications,estimation techniques, and robustness tests suggests that exchange rate volatility has a statistically and economically significant impact on employment. The variables that have been found to have a long run relationship with unemployment rate include the real exchange rate, exports ,real interest rate and the gross domestic product.The impulse response functions broadly corroborate the theoretical predictions, but only real interest rate and exports have a significant impact on unemployment in the short run. Results from the variance decompositions are largely similar to those from the impulse response analysis. The real exchange rate and exports are the only variables found to significantly explain the variation in the unemployment. The most interesting result that emerged from this analysis and is supported by previous research is that among other determinants, the real exchange rate explain the largest proportion of the variation in unemployment rate. On balance, the evidence therefore suggests that unemployment rate fluctuations are predominantly equilibrium responses to real exchange rate shocks in comparison with interest rates, economic growth and exports. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2013
- Full Text:
The role and impact of trade unions on service delivery in Lukhanji Municipality (Eastern Cape)
- Authors: Brown, Gregory Simon
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Municipal services , Labor unions , Service industries workers -- Labor unions
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26537 , vital:65578
- Description: The role and impact of trade unions on service delivery is such a pertinent question to research given the times our young democracy goes through. This was an inevitable piece of study to undertake especially from the point of view to examine which form and philosophy of unionism suits the public sector best. The wildcat strikes and unprotected industrial action that grip municipalities at 10 o’clock early in the day needs deeper thinking and new ground-breaking solutions. Very fundamental questions have to be examined to determine the extent of control SAMWU as a union have over the strategic management environment of the local sphere of state. Lukhanji municipality, given its strategic location happened to host many regional offices of all COSATU affiliated unions happens to be an inconvenient choice of the nucleus of radical trade unionism in Queenstown fall victim and the study examines that. Subsequently to that the municipality fell victim to rigid and radical forms of trade union operations that has strangled it to the point of it losing its character and role of a developmentalist institution in the communities it served. The study also highlights the severe service delivery backlogs in both former Transkei Ezibeleni and Ciskei Whittlesea and how transformation and integration of these two areas have been neglected as shown by the socio-economic profile. The study in the last Chapter makes particular recommendations on how the Strategic Management environment and corporate principles should be prioritised for Performance Management to be introduced and routinely implemented. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2013
- Full Text:
- Authors: Brown, Gregory Simon
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Municipal services , Labor unions , Service industries workers -- Labor unions
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26537 , vital:65578
- Description: The role and impact of trade unions on service delivery is such a pertinent question to research given the times our young democracy goes through. This was an inevitable piece of study to undertake especially from the point of view to examine which form and philosophy of unionism suits the public sector best. The wildcat strikes and unprotected industrial action that grip municipalities at 10 o’clock early in the day needs deeper thinking and new ground-breaking solutions. Very fundamental questions have to be examined to determine the extent of control SAMWU as a union have over the strategic management environment of the local sphere of state. Lukhanji municipality, given its strategic location happened to host many regional offices of all COSATU affiliated unions happens to be an inconvenient choice of the nucleus of radical trade unionism in Queenstown fall victim and the study examines that. Subsequently to that the municipality fell victim to rigid and radical forms of trade union operations that has strangled it to the point of it losing its character and role of a developmentalist institution in the communities it served. The study also highlights the severe service delivery backlogs in both former Transkei Ezibeleni and Ciskei Whittlesea and how transformation and integration of these two areas have been neglected as shown by the socio-economic profile. The study in the last Chapter makes particular recommendations on how the Strategic Management environment and corporate principles should be prioritised for Performance Management to be introduced and routinely implemented. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2013
- Full Text:
Understanding the sexual risk behaviours of people living with different mental illnesses and their vulnerability to HIV infection
- Authors: Ndlovu, Deogracious
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Health -- Social aspects , HIV infections
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25037 , vital:63899
- Description: This study was primarily carried out in order to assess the sexual risk behaviours of people living with mental illnesses as well as their vulnerability to HIV infection. It sets out the basic realities of the interaction between mental illness and HIV/AIDS and its impact on individuals and communities. This study explores the implications for health policy and practice, and suggests how to provide better support and assistance in the empowerment of people living with mental illness as far as HIV and AIDS is concerned, including community support. It was also the aim of this study to look into the factors that expose this group of people to HIV infection as well as to understand the link between HIV/AIDS and mental illness. It also tested the inclusion of people with mental disabilities in HIV and AIDS prevention and education programmes. The research was conducted on the basis of a qualitative research design. A semi-structured interview schedule was used in broad based interviews to gather information from caregivers or guardians of people with mental disabilities as well as the professionals in the mental health sector. The results of the research revealed that people who are living with mental illnesses are a vulnerable group as regards HIV infection. It also conveys that this group of people presents with sexual risk behaviours, which increase their vulnerability to HIV and AIDS. In addition, there are many barriers against the inclusion of this group of people in HIV and AIDS prevention and education programmes and, as a result, they are often excluded from participating in such programmes. Importantly, the findings of this study acknowledge that there is a two-fold relationship between mental illness and HIV/AIDS. It indicates that mental illnesses are still regarded as mysterious in the community and there is much stigma and discrimination towards the mentally ill, increasing their vulnerability to HIV infection. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2013
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ndlovu, Deogracious
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Health -- Social aspects , HIV infections
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25037 , vital:63899
- Description: This study was primarily carried out in order to assess the sexual risk behaviours of people living with mental illnesses as well as their vulnerability to HIV infection. It sets out the basic realities of the interaction between mental illness and HIV/AIDS and its impact on individuals and communities. This study explores the implications for health policy and practice, and suggests how to provide better support and assistance in the empowerment of people living with mental illness as far as HIV and AIDS is concerned, including community support. It was also the aim of this study to look into the factors that expose this group of people to HIV infection as well as to understand the link between HIV/AIDS and mental illness. It also tested the inclusion of people with mental disabilities in HIV and AIDS prevention and education programmes. The research was conducted on the basis of a qualitative research design. A semi-structured interview schedule was used in broad based interviews to gather information from caregivers or guardians of people with mental disabilities as well as the professionals in the mental health sector. The results of the research revealed that people who are living with mental illnesses are a vulnerable group as regards HIV infection. It also conveys that this group of people presents with sexual risk behaviours, which increase their vulnerability to HIV and AIDS. In addition, there are many barriers against the inclusion of this group of people in HIV and AIDS prevention and education programmes and, as a result, they are often excluded from participating in such programmes. Importantly, the findings of this study acknowledge that there is a two-fold relationship between mental illness and HIV/AIDS. It indicates that mental illnesses are still regarded as mysterious in the community and there is much stigma and discrimination towards the mentally ill, increasing their vulnerability to HIV infection. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2013
- Full Text:
A Feminist Analysis of Lyman Frank Baum’s The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Lucy Maud Montgomery’s Anne of Green Gables and Frances Hodgson Burnett’s The Secret Garden
- Authors: Becker, Bonnie
- Date: 2013-01
- Subjects: Fiction , Children , Orphans
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23214 , vital:55905
- Description: The primary aim of this project is to provide a close contextual and textual analysis of the selected children’s classics: The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Anne of Green Gables and The Secret Garden using the feminist literary theory. From this perspective I have shown how the selected works of Lyman Frank Baum, Lucy Maud Montgomery and Frances Hodgson Burnett’s writing have contributed to women’s stereotypical roles within society and perpetuated their subjugated position. I have also conducted an examination of the extent to which the female protagonists attempt to emancipate themselves from gender oppression. A comparative study of the selected children’s texts has not yet been conducted and therefore this project serves as a significant contribution to this field of study. An exploration of the historical background of the authors and children’s literature is conducted to provide an overview into the inner workings of the writers’ lives and the historical significance of children’s literature as a genre. The theoretical framework of feminist literary theory is used in the analysis of the selected texts. The connection between feminist literary theory and children’s literature is highlighted and provides further understanding of the purpose of this study. The history of feminism as both a movement and a contemporary literary criticism is explored. Simone de Beauvoir’s The Second Sex is used when analysing the texts’ characters and how they are based on society’s stereotypical gender roles. Luce Irigaray’s Speculum of the Other Woman and This Sex Which is Not One is examined to aid in an exploration of psychological female oppression through feminine and masculine discourse evident in the creation of the novels’ female and male characters. Hélène Cixous’ “The Laugh of the Medusa” and The Newly Born Woman is interrogated according to the stereotypical ideology surrounding the terms masculinity and femininity and how these terms are interpreted in the selected works. Judith Butler’s Gender Trouble and Undoing Gender are additionally explored to assist in the understanding of the concept of gender performativity and through the lens of Butler’s interpolation of gender the move towards the emancipation of women is seen in the selected children’s texts. The close textual feminist analysis focuses on the female protagonists: Dorothy, Anne and Mary as well as the secondary female characters: the wicked witches, Aunt Em, the Queen of the Field-Mice, the princess made from china, Glinda’s female soldiers from The Wonderful Wizard of Oz; Marilla Cuthbert, Rachel Lynde and Diana Barry from Anne of Green Gables and Martha, Mrs Sowerby and Mrs Craven from The Secret Garden. The portrayal of the secondary male characters are additionally explored according to feminist literary theory: The Scarecrow, the Tin Woodman, the Lion and the wizard Oz from The Wonderful Wizard of Oz; Matthew Cuthbert and Gilbert Blythe from Anne of the Green Gables’ and Mr Craven, Colin Craven and Dickon Sowerby from The Secret Garden. The comparison of these children’s classics by Baum, Montgomery and Burnett provides insight into the selected works of all three writers, through the lens offered by feminist literary theory. Through the interrogation of these representative female protagonists found in early children’s literature, an understanding of not only the subordination of women, as evident in literature during this era, is illustrated but also the comprehension that women’s liberation was foreshadowed in these early children’s novels. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2013
- Full Text:
- Authors: Becker, Bonnie
- Date: 2013-01
- Subjects: Fiction , Children , Orphans
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23214 , vital:55905
- Description: The primary aim of this project is to provide a close contextual and textual analysis of the selected children’s classics: The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, Anne of Green Gables and The Secret Garden using the feminist literary theory. From this perspective I have shown how the selected works of Lyman Frank Baum, Lucy Maud Montgomery and Frances Hodgson Burnett’s writing have contributed to women’s stereotypical roles within society and perpetuated their subjugated position. I have also conducted an examination of the extent to which the female protagonists attempt to emancipate themselves from gender oppression. A comparative study of the selected children’s texts has not yet been conducted and therefore this project serves as a significant contribution to this field of study. An exploration of the historical background of the authors and children’s literature is conducted to provide an overview into the inner workings of the writers’ lives and the historical significance of children’s literature as a genre. The theoretical framework of feminist literary theory is used in the analysis of the selected texts. The connection between feminist literary theory and children’s literature is highlighted and provides further understanding of the purpose of this study. The history of feminism as both a movement and a contemporary literary criticism is explored. Simone de Beauvoir’s The Second Sex is used when analysing the texts’ characters and how they are based on society’s stereotypical gender roles. Luce Irigaray’s Speculum of the Other Woman and This Sex Which is Not One is examined to aid in an exploration of psychological female oppression through feminine and masculine discourse evident in the creation of the novels’ female and male characters. Hélène Cixous’ “The Laugh of the Medusa” and The Newly Born Woman is interrogated according to the stereotypical ideology surrounding the terms masculinity and femininity and how these terms are interpreted in the selected works. Judith Butler’s Gender Trouble and Undoing Gender are additionally explored to assist in the understanding of the concept of gender performativity and through the lens of Butler’s interpolation of gender the move towards the emancipation of women is seen in the selected children’s texts. The close textual feminist analysis focuses on the female protagonists: Dorothy, Anne and Mary as well as the secondary female characters: the wicked witches, Aunt Em, the Queen of the Field-Mice, the princess made from china, Glinda’s female soldiers from The Wonderful Wizard of Oz; Marilla Cuthbert, Rachel Lynde and Diana Barry from Anne of Green Gables and Martha, Mrs Sowerby and Mrs Craven from The Secret Garden. The portrayal of the secondary male characters are additionally explored according to feminist literary theory: The Scarecrow, the Tin Woodman, the Lion and the wizard Oz from The Wonderful Wizard of Oz; Matthew Cuthbert and Gilbert Blythe from Anne of the Green Gables’ and Mr Craven, Colin Craven and Dickon Sowerby from The Secret Garden. The comparison of these children’s classics by Baum, Montgomery and Burnett provides insight into the selected works of all three writers, through the lens offered by feminist literary theory. Through the interrogation of these representative female protagonists found in early children’s literature, an understanding of not only the subordination of women, as evident in literature during this era, is illustrated but also the comprehension that women’s liberation was foreshadowed in these early children’s novels. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2013
- Full Text:
Children’s Grants and Social Security Communities in the Eastern Cape : The Case of Nqabarha Administrative Area
- Authors: Mwangolela, Tafadzwa Fungay
- Date: 2013-01
- Subjects: Children -- Services for -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Grants in aid , Social Security -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23159 , vital:55664
- Description: This study examines the impact of children’s grants on household access to food, education and health care. In the face of increased poverty and socio-economic inequalities, social grants are a critical poverty alleviation intervention implemented by the government of South Africa. The children’s grants are offered as part of the social security system which is provided for in the Republic of South Africa Constitution of 1996 and the Social Assistance Act of 2004. The basic needs conceptual framework is the lens informing the focus of the study. Among other major findings, the study reveals that (a) childrens grants play a critical role in improvement of access to food, health care and education, (b) childrens grants are used as collateral, to access short term loans, and (c) social networks and home gardens play a significant role in aiding children’s grants to ensure household access to food, education and health care. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty Social Sciences and Humanities, 2013
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mwangolela, Tafadzwa Fungay
- Date: 2013-01
- Subjects: Children -- Services for -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Grants in aid , Social Security -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23159 , vital:55664
- Description: This study examines the impact of children’s grants on household access to food, education and health care. In the face of increased poverty and socio-economic inequalities, social grants are a critical poverty alleviation intervention implemented by the government of South Africa. The children’s grants are offered as part of the social security system which is provided for in the Republic of South Africa Constitution of 1996 and the Social Assistance Act of 2004. The basic needs conceptual framework is the lens informing the focus of the study. Among other major findings, the study reveals that (a) childrens grants play a critical role in improvement of access to food, health care and education, (b) childrens grants are used as collateral, to access short term loans, and (c) social networks and home gardens play a significant role in aiding children’s grants to ensure household access to food, education and health care. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty Social Sciences and Humanities, 2013
- Full Text:
Group 12 metal chalcogenides as single source molecular precursors for the preparation of metal sulfide nanoparticles
- Osuntokun, Jejenija https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0886-2732
- Authors: Osuntokun, Jejenija https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0886-2732
- Date: 2013-01
- Subjects: Ligands , Chalcogenides , Chemistry, Inorganic
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/27428 , vital:67295
- Description: Twelve Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) complexes of mixed ligands: alkyl thiourea, 1-ethoxylcarbonyl-1-cyanoethylene-2,2-dithiolate and tetramethylthiuram disulfide were synthesized by the reaction between the ligands and the respective metal salts. The compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared (IR), 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. Four coordinate geometries were proposed for the compounds based on elemental and spectroscopic analyses. The metal complexes were at best sparingly soluble in polar coordinating solvents such as DMSO and DMF and insoluble in most organic solvents. This makes it practically impossible to grow single crystals suitable for X-ray crystallographic analysis and also resulted in extremely poor 13C-NMR spectra for some of the complexes. Thermogravimetric analysis on some of the complexes showed that they decomposed to their respective metal sulfides and thus suitable as single molecular precursors for the preparation of metal sulfide nanoparticles. Nine of the complexes with good yield were thermolysed and used as single source precursors to synthesized hexadexylamine capped metal sulfide nanoparticles. The optical and structural properties of the nanoparticles were studied using UV-Visible, photoluminescence (PL), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX). The absorption and emission spectra of the nanoparticles show quantum confinement. The SEM showed the morphology of the particles as nearly spherical, the EDX spectra revealed peaks corresponding to respective metal and sulfur with traces of contaminants being phosphorus from tri-n-octylphosphine (TOP). , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2013
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- Authors: Osuntokun, Jejenija https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0886-2732
- Date: 2013-01
- Subjects: Ligands , Chalcogenides , Chemistry, Inorganic
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/27428 , vital:67295
- Description: Twelve Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) complexes of mixed ligands: alkyl thiourea, 1-ethoxylcarbonyl-1-cyanoethylene-2,2-dithiolate and tetramethylthiuram disulfide were synthesized by the reaction between the ligands and the respective metal salts. The compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared (IR), 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. Four coordinate geometries were proposed for the compounds based on elemental and spectroscopic analyses. The metal complexes were at best sparingly soluble in polar coordinating solvents such as DMSO and DMF and insoluble in most organic solvents. This makes it practically impossible to grow single crystals suitable for X-ray crystallographic analysis and also resulted in extremely poor 13C-NMR spectra for some of the complexes. Thermogravimetric analysis on some of the complexes showed that they decomposed to their respective metal sulfides and thus suitable as single molecular precursors for the preparation of metal sulfide nanoparticles. Nine of the complexes with good yield were thermolysed and used as single source precursors to synthesized hexadexylamine capped metal sulfide nanoparticles. The optical and structural properties of the nanoparticles were studied using UV-Visible, photoluminescence (PL), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX). The absorption and emission spectra of the nanoparticles show quantum confinement. The SEM showed the morphology of the particles as nearly spherical, the EDX spectra revealed peaks corresponding to respective metal and sulfur with traces of contaminants being phosphorus from tri-n-octylphosphine (TOP). , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2013
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Leaners' perceptions of factors contributing to poor academic performance in rural high schools of the Fort Beaufort Education District
- Authors: Tom, Lusu Lennox
- Date: 2013-01
- Subjects: Education, Higher , School management and organization , Teacher effectiveness
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25272 , vital:64137
- Description: This research investigates learners’ perceptions of factors which they believe contribute to their poor academic performance in high schools. The study focuses on four schools in Fort Beaufort district of the Eastern Cape. Twenty-four learners (6 from each school) participated in this study. Using a theoretical framework drawn from Bandura (1977) the study explored the views of learners in both under and high performing schools. One main research question was posed, answered and discussed for the purpose of the study. Data was collected through individual interviews, focus group discussions and document analyses. The findings of the study revealed a number of factors contributing to poor academic performance. These were learner factors, teacher factors, home factors and teaching resources. Regarding learner factors, the study revealed that while learners were committed and motivated to do their work in order to avoid low income jobs, this did not always happen as they found themselves getting distracted during class time and this affected their performance. The study revealed that some of the teachers lacked commitment, and were very unprofessional and incompetent. This, according to the learners, contributed to poor learner performance in the various subjects. Home factors also played a role in learner performance. The study revealed that home factors were seen to be enabling when parents were supportive and helpful to their children. At the same time, home factors tended to impede learning when learners were given household chores to do and this impinged on their study time. Some parents were also illiterate and as a result were not able to help their children with homework or supervise them while they were busy with their homework. The lack of teaching and learning resources such as textbooks, computers and laboratories as well as overcrowded classrooms also contributed to poor learner performance. This study makes the following recommendations: Teachers should be closely monitored by principals to ensure that they come to class regularly and are punctual so that learners do not lose time necessary to cover the content on their syllabus. Teachers should plan and prepare for lessons thoroughly. Lessons must cover a wide range of activities during their teaching to actively engage learners and prepare them adequately for their assessment tasks, including examinations. Teachers should be work-shopped regularly in order to capacitate them on the latest trends and pedagogies in education as well as rejuvenate their professionalism. It is important that teachers be active researchers in class in order to appraise themselves their learners’ needs and how they can, from the learners’ point of view, improve service delivery. From time to time teachers should work closely with parents to develop strategies they can jointly use to monitor and support children’s learning effectively. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, 2013
- Full Text:
- Authors: Tom, Lusu Lennox
- Date: 2013-01
- Subjects: Education, Higher , School management and organization , Teacher effectiveness
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25272 , vital:64137
- Description: This research investigates learners’ perceptions of factors which they believe contribute to their poor academic performance in high schools. The study focuses on four schools in Fort Beaufort district of the Eastern Cape. Twenty-four learners (6 from each school) participated in this study. Using a theoretical framework drawn from Bandura (1977) the study explored the views of learners in both under and high performing schools. One main research question was posed, answered and discussed for the purpose of the study. Data was collected through individual interviews, focus group discussions and document analyses. The findings of the study revealed a number of factors contributing to poor academic performance. These were learner factors, teacher factors, home factors and teaching resources. Regarding learner factors, the study revealed that while learners were committed and motivated to do their work in order to avoid low income jobs, this did not always happen as they found themselves getting distracted during class time and this affected their performance. The study revealed that some of the teachers lacked commitment, and were very unprofessional and incompetent. This, according to the learners, contributed to poor learner performance in the various subjects. Home factors also played a role in learner performance. The study revealed that home factors were seen to be enabling when parents were supportive and helpful to their children. At the same time, home factors tended to impede learning when learners were given household chores to do and this impinged on their study time. Some parents were also illiterate and as a result were not able to help their children with homework or supervise them while they were busy with their homework. The lack of teaching and learning resources such as textbooks, computers and laboratories as well as overcrowded classrooms also contributed to poor learner performance. This study makes the following recommendations: Teachers should be closely monitored by principals to ensure that they come to class regularly and are punctual so that learners do not lose time necessary to cover the content on their syllabus. Teachers should plan and prepare for lessons thoroughly. Lessons must cover a wide range of activities during their teaching to actively engage learners and prepare them adequately for their assessment tasks, including examinations. Teachers should be work-shopped regularly in order to capacitate them on the latest trends and pedagogies in education as well as rejuvenate their professionalism. It is important that teachers be active researchers in class in order to appraise themselves their learners’ needs and how they can, from the learners’ point of view, improve service delivery. From time to time teachers should work closely with parents to develop strategies they can jointly use to monitor and support children’s learning effectively. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, 2013
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Perspectives of communities on use of alcohol among children in rural areas
- Authors: Noganta, Nandi
- Date: 2013-01
- Subjects: Children -- Alcohol use , Youth -- Alcohol use -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25382 , vital:64234
- Description: Globalisation raises hopes that communities will become self reliant through development success and thus become an integrated whole (Offiong 2001). But the creation of global village leads to fragmentation of communities, a loss of norms and local values. This study focuses on communities of the Eastern Cape Province, exploring the nature of and extent to which children use alcohol as a consequence of cultural rituals. The researcher aims to develop a culturally sensitive psycho-social approach to address alcohol use among children. The purpose of the research was to investigate the extent to which certain cultural practices contribute towards alcohol use among children in the rural areas of the Eastern Cape Province. Thus exploring the nature and extent to which children use alcohol as a consequence of cultural rituals and to explore whether families and communities are aware of the impact of alcohol use by children in the community. The research was qualitative in nature and through semi-structured interview schedules the researcher was able to gain insight in the area of substance use amongst children in the rural areas of the Eastern Cape Province. Community members, learners from schools, educators and probation officers formed part of the research sample. The research findings suggest that community members are aware that the traditional rituals that are carried out in the rural areas have been contributing to the issue of children using alcohol. However, the community members feel challenged as they become conflicted by their traditional rituals and this impacts upon children using alcohol. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2013
- Full Text:
- Authors: Noganta, Nandi
- Date: 2013-01
- Subjects: Children -- Alcohol use , Youth -- Alcohol use -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25382 , vital:64234
- Description: Globalisation raises hopes that communities will become self reliant through development success and thus become an integrated whole (Offiong 2001). But the creation of global village leads to fragmentation of communities, a loss of norms and local values. This study focuses on communities of the Eastern Cape Province, exploring the nature of and extent to which children use alcohol as a consequence of cultural rituals. The researcher aims to develop a culturally sensitive psycho-social approach to address alcohol use among children. The purpose of the research was to investigate the extent to which certain cultural practices contribute towards alcohol use among children in the rural areas of the Eastern Cape Province. Thus exploring the nature and extent to which children use alcohol as a consequence of cultural rituals and to explore whether families and communities are aware of the impact of alcohol use by children in the community. The research was qualitative in nature and through semi-structured interview schedules the researcher was able to gain insight in the area of substance use amongst children in the rural areas of the Eastern Cape Province. Community members, learners from schools, educators and probation officers formed part of the research sample. The research findings suggest that community members are aware that the traditional rituals that are carried out in the rural areas have been contributing to the issue of children using alcohol. However, the community members feel challenged as they become conflicted by their traditional rituals and this impacts upon children using alcohol. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2013
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Perspectives of communities on use of alcohol among children in rural areas
- Noganta, Nandi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7115-3261
- Authors: Noganta, Nandi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7115-3261
- Date: 2013-01
- Subjects: Alcohol use , Substance abuse , Children
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23192 , vital:55893
- Description: Globalisation raises hopes that communities will become self reliant through development success and thus become an integrated whole (Offiong 2001). But the creation of global village leads to fragmentation of communities, a loss of norms and local values. This study focuses on communities of the Eastern Cape Province, exploring the nature of and extent to which children use alcohol as a consequence of cultural rituals. The researcher aims to develop a culturally sensitive psycho-social approach to address alcohol use among children. The purpose of the research was to investigate the extent to which certain cultural practices contribute towards alcohol use among children in the rural areas of the Eastern Cape Province. Thus exploring the nature and extent to which children use alcohol as a consequence of cultural rituals and to explore whether families and communities are aware of the impact of alcohol use by children in the community. The research was qualitative in nature and through semi-structured interview schedules the researcher was able to gain insight in the area of substance use amongst children in the rural areas of the Eastern Cape Province. Community members, learners from schools, educators and probation officers formed part of the research sample. The research findings suggest that community members are aware that the traditional rituals that are carried out in the rural areas have been contributing to the issue of children using alcohol. However, the community members feel challenged as they become conflicted by their traditional rituals and this impacts upon children using alcohol. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2013
- Full Text:
- Authors: Noganta, Nandi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7115-3261
- Date: 2013-01
- Subjects: Alcohol use , Substance abuse , Children
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23192 , vital:55893
- Description: Globalisation raises hopes that communities will become self reliant through development success and thus become an integrated whole (Offiong 2001). But the creation of global village leads to fragmentation of communities, a loss of norms and local values. This study focuses on communities of the Eastern Cape Province, exploring the nature of and extent to which children use alcohol as a consequence of cultural rituals. The researcher aims to develop a culturally sensitive psycho-social approach to address alcohol use among children. The purpose of the research was to investigate the extent to which certain cultural practices contribute towards alcohol use among children in the rural areas of the Eastern Cape Province. Thus exploring the nature and extent to which children use alcohol as a consequence of cultural rituals and to explore whether families and communities are aware of the impact of alcohol use by children in the community. The research was qualitative in nature and through semi-structured interview schedules the researcher was able to gain insight in the area of substance use amongst children in the rural areas of the Eastern Cape Province. Community members, learners from schools, educators and probation officers formed part of the research sample. The research findings suggest that community members are aware that the traditional rituals that are carried out in the rural areas have been contributing to the issue of children using alcohol. However, the community members feel challenged as they become conflicted by their traditional rituals and this impacts upon children using alcohol. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2013
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Pregnant teenagers' readiness for motherhood: a quantitative investigation in Nkonkobe Municipality, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Pitso, Tsolo Joseph
- Date: 2013-01
- Subjects: Teenage mothers -- South Africa , Teenage pregnancy -- South Africa , Motherhood -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/27440 , vital:67298
- Description: The issue of teenage motherhood has been a concern, globally, continentally and locally. The quantitative study assessed whether the pregnant teenagers were ready for motherhood. This report analysed the current positions of women whose first child was to be born when they were teenagers in the rural Eastern Cape setting. The structured questionnaires were given to 106 pregnant teenagers who visited the War Memorial clinic for pregnancy check-up and convenient sampling was used to select these respondents. The items of the questionnaire were divided into the following sub-topics: prenatal and postnatal challenges and roles and responsibilities of motherhood. The study found that most of the pregnant teenagers were aware of the prenatal and postnatal challenges but they were not ready to perform the roles and responsibilities associated with motherhood. The analysis of data was divided in terms of descriptive and inferential statistics. The binary regression model was used to assess the factors affecting the pregnant teenagers’ readiness for motherhood. The finding of this study indicated that most (about 79%) of the pregnant teenagers were not aware of the roles and responsibilities of motherhood In addition to being not ready to face the psycho-social challenges of motherhood. Hence they indicated low level of readiness to motherhood. The psycho-social theory of Erikson posited that children who had strong and intact psycho-social relationships with the caregivers might have a high possibility of acquiring their identity during adolescent stage and this will help them to interact both effectively and efficiently with their peers and the society at large. While those do had negative psycho-social development have a high chance of facing identity crisis/confusion. As a result, they might lead them to being victims of psycho-social interaction such as early pregnancy. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2013
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- Authors: Pitso, Tsolo Joseph
- Date: 2013-01
- Subjects: Teenage mothers -- South Africa , Teenage pregnancy -- South Africa , Motherhood -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/27440 , vital:67298
- Description: The issue of teenage motherhood has been a concern, globally, continentally and locally. The quantitative study assessed whether the pregnant teenagers were ready for motherhood. This report analysed the current positions of women whose first child was to be born when they were teenagers in the rural Eastern Cape setting. The structured questionnaires were given to 106 pregnant teenagers who visited the War Memorial clinic for pregnancy check-up and convenient sampling was used to select these respondents. The items of the questionnaire were divided into the following sub-topics: prenatal and postnatal challenges and roles and responsibilities of motherhood. The study found that most of the pregnant teenagers were aware of the prenatal and postnatal challenges but they were not ready to perform the roles and responsibilities associated with motherhood. The analysis of data was divided in terms of descriptive and inferential statistics. The binary regression model was used to assess the factors affecting the pregnant teenagers’ readiness for motherhood. The finding of this study indicated that most (about 79%) of the pregnant teenagers were not aware of the roles and responsibilities of motherhood In addition to being not ready to face the psycho-social challenges of motherhood. Hence they indicated low level of readiness to motherhood. The psycho-social theory of Erikson posited that children who had strong and intact psycho-social relationships with the caregivers might have a high possibility of acquiring their identity during adolescent stage and this will help them to interact both effectively and efficiently with their peers and the society at large. While those do had negative psycho-social development have a high chance of facing identity crisis/confusion. As a result, they might lead them to being victims of psycho-social interaction such as early pregnancy. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2013
- Full Text:
Pregnant teenagers’ readiness for motherhood:A quantitative investigation in Nkonkobe Municipality, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Pitso, Tsolo Joseph
- Date: 2013-01
- Subjects: Teenage Mothers , Teenage Pregnancy
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23142 , vital:55652
- Description: The issue of teenage motherhood has been a concern, globally, continentally and locally. The quantitative study assessed whether the pregnant teenagers were ready for motherhood. This report analysed the current positions of women whose first child was to be born when they were teenagers in the rural Eastern Cape setting. The structured questionnaires were given to 106 pregnant teenagers who visited the War Memorial clinic for pregnancy check-up and convenient sampling was used to select these respondents. The items of the questionnaire were divided into the following sub-topics: prenatal and postnatal challenges and roles and responsibilities of motherhood. The study found that most of the pregnant teenagers were aware of the prenatal and postnatal challenges but they were not ready to perform the roles and responsibilities associated with motherhood. The analysis of data was divided in terms of descriptive and inferential statistics. The binary regression model was used to assess the factors affecting the pregnant teenagers’ readiness for motherhood. The finding of this study indicated that most (about 79 percent) of the pregnant teenagers were not aware of the roles and responsibilities of motherhood In addition to being not ready to face the psycho-social challenges of motherhood. Hence they indicated low level of readiness to motherhood. The psycho-social theory of Erikson posited that children who had strong and intact psycho-social relationships with the caregivers might have a high possibility of acquiring their identity during adolescent stage and this will help them to interact both effectively and efficiently with their peers and the society at large. While those do had negative psycho-social development have a high chance of facing identity crisis/confusion. As a result, they might lead them to being victims of psycho-social interaction such as early pregnancy. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Authors: Pitso, Tsolo Joseph
- Date: 2013-01
- Subjects: Teenage Mothers , Teenage Pregnancy
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23142 , vital:55652
- Description: The issue of teenage motherhood has been a concern, globally, continentally and locally. The quantitative study assessed whether the pregnant teenagers were ready for motherhood. This report analysed the current positions of women whose first child was to be born when they were teenagers in the rural Eastern Cape setting. The structured questionnaires were given to 106 pregnant teenagers who visited the War Memorial clinic for pregnancy check-up and convenient sampling was used to select these respondents. The items of the questionnaire were divided into the following sub-topics: prenatal and postnatal challenges and roles and responsibilities of motherhood. The study found that most of the pregnant teenagers were aware of the prenatal and postnatal challenges but they were not ready to perform the roles and responsibilities associated with motherhood. The analysis of data was divided in terms of descriptive and inferential statistics. The binary regression model was used to assess the factors affecting the pregnant teenagers’ readiness for motherhood. The finding of this study indicated that most (about 79 percent) of the pregnant teenagers were not aware of the roles and responsibilities of motherhood In addition to being not ready to face the psycho-social challenges of motherhood. Hence they indicated low level of readiness to motherhood. The psycho-social theory of Erikson posited that children who had strong and intact psycho-social relationships with the caregivers might have a high possibility of acquiring their identity during adolescent stage and this will help them to interact both effectively and efficiently with their peers and the society at large. While those do had negative psycho-social development have a high chance of facing identity crisis/confusion. As a result, they might lead them to being victims of psycho-social interaction such as early pregnancy. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text: