The role and contribution of the South African money market towards financial development
- Authors: Gwenhure, Yvonne
- Date: 2011-03
- Subjects: Money market -- South Africa , Finance -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24139 , vital:62385
- Description: The Money Market has sparked a lot of interest amongst many researchers over the years of evolving financial markets, with particular reference to its impact on Financial Development. It has been viewed as an important stimulus for financial development and ultimately economic growth in developing countries. Therefore this thesis attempts to establish the impact that the money market has on Financial Development in South Africa. The main objective of this thesis is to comparatively examine the impact of the money market on financial development within the banking sector and financial markets sector. Money Markets that function in an era of liberalized interest rates are perceived to have a greater impact on Financial Development than those whose interest rates are repressed. Therefore, the underpinning theoretical literature in this study is the McKinnon-Shaw theory of Financial Liberalization. The study disaggregates measures of financial depth into indicators covering both the banking sector and financial markets sector. A single equation model is used for both the banking and financial markets sectors were the dependant variable for the banking sector model (LRPG) as well as that of the financial markets model (LSBG) are modeled as functions of the money market, real deposit rate, real income and inflation. Stationarity as well as cointegration tests have been employed in the generation of the Error Correction Model. Results obtained confirm that the money market does have a positive impact on financial development and also that factors such as financial liberalization and real income enhance financial development. For policy recommendations, it is therefore imperative to prioritize money market policies in order to enhance financial development in the country. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2021
- Full Text:
- Authors: Gwenhure, Yvonne
- Date: 2011-03
- Subjects: Money market -- South Africa , Finance -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24139 , vital:62385
- Description: The Money Market has sparked a lot of interest amongst many researchers over the years of evolving financial markets, with particular reference to its impact on Financial Development. It has been viewed as an important stimulus for financial development and ultimately economic growth in developing countries. Therefore this thesis attempts to establish the impact that the money market has on Financial Development in South Africa. The main objective of this thesis is to comparatively examine the impact of the money market on financial development within the banking sector and financial markets sector. Money Markets that function in an era of liberalized interest rates are perceived to have a greater impact on Financial Development than those whose interest rates are repressed. Therefore, the underpinning theoretical literature in this study is the McKinnon-Shaw theory of Financial Liberalization. The study disaggregates measures of financial depth into indicators covering both the banking sector and financial markets sector. A single equation model is used for both the banking and financial markets sectors were the dependant variable for the banking sector model (LRPG) as well as that of the financial markets model (LSBG) are modeled as functions of the money market, real deposit rate, real income and inflation. Stationarity as well as cointegration tests have been employed in the generation of the Error Correction Model. Results obtained confirm that the money market does have a positive impact on financial development and also that factors such as financial liberalization and real income enhance financial development. For policy recommendations, it is therefore imperative to prioritize money market policies in order to enhance financial development in the country. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2021
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Consensus and contentions around community engagement in a South African tertiary institution: University of Fort Hare
- Mudefi, Elmon (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3448-5432)
- Authors: Mudefi, Elmon (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3448-5432)
- Date: 2011-02
- Subjects: Community and college , Education Higher
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23487 , vital:57937
- Description: This study examines the nature and character of consensus and contentions around the discourse of community engagement in a South African university context. This is against the background of the growing body of literature that advocates for the need for universities to make their impact felt in communities in more direct ways than through teaching and research. The examination is also against the background of the assumption that the success or failure of community engagement initiatives is, in part, a function of how stakeholders agree/disagree on the meaning and purpose of community engagement. The University of Fort Hare is used as a case study. Interviews and Focus Group Discussions were used for qualitative data collection, whilst a survey was conducted for gathering quantitative data. The study revealed that stakeholders attach different meanings to community engagement, with those possessing power and influence acting as key decision makers. Thus powerful stakeholders (in this case, the university and donor organizations) are at the core of the decision making process, while beneficiaries are pushed to the periphery. Moreover, both the meanings and the activities within which they cohere have important implications for the way beneficiary communities perceive university-community partnerships. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2011
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mudefi, Elmon (https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3448-5432)
- Date: 2011-02
- Subjects: Community and college , Education Higher
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23487 , vital:57937
- Description: This study examines the nature and character of consensus and contentions around the discourse of community engagement in a South African university context. This is against the background of the growing body of literature that advocates for the need for universities to make their impact felt in communities in more direct ways than through teaching and research. The examination is also against the background of the assumption that the success or failure of community engagement initiatives is, in part, a function of how stakeholders agree/disagree on the meaning and purpose of community engagement. The University of Fort Hare is used as a case study. Interviews and Focus Group Discussions were used for qualitative data collection, whilst a survey was conducted for gathering quantitative data. The study revealed that stakeholders attach different meanings to community engagement, with those possessing power and influence acting as key decision makers. Thus powerful stakeholders (in this case, the university and donor organizations) are at the core of the decision making process, while beneficiaries are pushed to the periphery. Moreover, both the meanings and the activities within which they cohere have important implications for the way beneficiary communities perceive university-community partnerships. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2011
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A study of mathematics instructional practices in foundation phase grade three classrooms in East London
- Authors: Williams, Beverley Diana
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Mathematics--Study and teaching (Primary) http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85082164 , Mathematics--Study and teaching (Elementary) http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85082163
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/19585 , vital:43146
- Description: This study describes the instructional practices of grade three teachers in their attempt to facilitate mathematical learning. The teachers’ practices are described in relation to the requirements of the revised National Curriculum Statement. In order to demarcate the field of investigation, the researcher provides an overview of the historical background of the study and draws attention to the knowledge interest of the investigation. The problem, the research questions, the assumptions of the study, the significance of the study, the rationale and the delimitation of the study are all set out in this chapter. A list of the major terms used in the study is also given. In concluding the chapter and outline of the issues discussed in each of the five chapters is given. , Thesis (MEd) -- University of Fort Hare, 2011
- Full Text:
- Authors: Williams, Beverley Diana
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Mathematics--Study and teaching (Primary) http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85082164 , Mathematics--Study and teaching (Elementary) http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85082163
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/19585 , vital:43146
- Description: This study describes the instructional practices of grade three teachers in their attempt to facilitate mathematical learning. The teachers’ practices are described in relation to the requirements of the revised National Curriculum Statement. In order to demarcate the field of investigation, the researcher provides an overview of the historical background of the study and draws attention to the knowledge interest of the investigation. The problem, the research questions, the assumptions of the study, the significance of the study, the rationale and the delimitation of the study are all set out in this chapter. A list of the major terms used in the study is also given. In concluding the chapter and outline of the issues discussed in each of the five chapters is given. , Thesis (MEd) -- University of Fort Hare, 2011
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A study of rural self-help groups in the context of government-assisted community development: the case of Peddie, Eastern Cape, South Africa.
- Pakade-Yokwana, Nozuko zandiswa Gloria
- Authors: Pakade-Yokwana, Nozuko zandiswa Gloria
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Community development http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85029215 , Rural development http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115899
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/19616 , vital:43152
- Description: This study was conducted against the backdrop of growing scholarly interest in the epistemic divide between formal, institutionalised knowledge, which guide government interventions in rural community development, and local knowledge, upon which rural communities construct their social existence. The study sought to understand why, despite their resilience and cultural embeddedness in South Africa's rural communities, indigenous self-help groups (SHGs) - as a particular form of indigenous rationality - remained on the periphery of contemporary community development interventions. The study was conducted in the communities of Dabhana, Feni and Mgwanlana in Peddie (Ngqushwa Local Municipality), Eastern Cape. Three SHG variants were eselected: a funeral group (Masingcwabane), an HIV and AIDS support groups, and a financial mutual (mgalelo) – all in the context of government-assisted community development. Empirical data was collected using a mini-survey, focus group discussion, in-depth interviews and key informant interviews. The findings revealed that SHGs were a collective model of indigenous knowledge and social interaction, driven by the belief that through 'sharing', 'reciprocity' and 'collectivism', what would ordinarily be a heavy burden for individuals became 'lighter'. Furthermore, while the institutional framework for community development mandated collaboration between government and SHGs, this framework created a stiff, bureaucratic canvass that alienated SHGs and stifled their operations. The study also found that partnership between the government and SHGs was characterised by fear and distrust on the part of government, and reluctance on the part of SHGs. Government's distrust was premised on the "informality" and "traditionality" of SHGs, and the fear that any investment in SHGs would go to waste. On the other hand, SHGs' reluctance to make themselves amenable to partnership with government seemed like a reaction to a "faulty, culturally insensitive" institutional framework which "delegitimised" grassroots development impulses. The study concluded that there existed in the rural community development arena an epistemic, ideational and practical chasm between government-driven development praxis and age-old indigenous initiatives, and that while the weaknesses of each knowledge domain were accentuated through this divide, development would continue to elude the grassroots communities unless the two knowledge domains interacted with, and leveraged, each other. , Thesis (PhD) (Sociology) -- University of Fort Hare, 2018
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- Authors: Pakade-Yokwana, Nozuko zandiswa Gloria
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Community development http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85029215 , Rural development http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85115899
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/19616 , vital:43152
- Description: This study was conducted against the backdrop of growing scholarly interest in the epistemic divide between formal, institutionalised knowledge, which guide government interventions in rural community development, and local knowledge, upon which rural communities construct their social existence. The study sought to understand why, despite their resilience and cultural embeddedness in South Africa's rural communities, indigenous self-help groups (SHGs) - as a particular form of indigenous rationality - remained on the periphery of contemporary community development interventions. The study was conducted in the communities of Dabhana, Feni and Mgwanlana in Peddie (Ngqushwa Local Municipality), Eastern Cape. Three SHG variants were eselected: a funeral group (Masingcwabane), an HIV and AIDS support groups, and a financial mutual (mgalelo) – all in the context of government-assisted community development. Empirical data was collected using a mini-survey, focus group discussion, in-depth interviews and key informant interviews. The findings revealed that SHGs were a collective model of indigenous knowledge and social interaction, driven by the belief that through 'sharing', 'reciprocity' and 'collectivism', what would ordinarily be a heavy burden for individuals became 'lighter'. Furthermore, while the institutional framework for community development mandated collaboration between government and SHGs, this framework created a stiff, bureaucratic canvass that alienated SHGs and stifled their operations. The study also found that partnership between the government and SHGs was characterised by fear and distrust on the part of government, and reluctance on the part of SHGs. Government's distrust was premised on the "informality" and "traditionality" of SHGs, and the fear that any investment in SHGs would go to waste. On the other hand, SHGs' reluctance to make themselves amenable to partnership with government seemed like a reaction to a "faulty, culturally insensitive" institutional framework which "delegitimised" grassroots development impulses. The study concluded that there existed in the rural community development arena an epistemic, ideational and practical chasm between government-driven development praxis and age-old indigenous initiatives, and that while the weaknesses of each knowledge domain were accentuated through this divide, development would continue to elude the grassroots communities unless the two knowledge domains interacted with, and leveraged, each other. , Thesis (PhD) (Sociology) -- University of Fort Hare, 2018
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An investigation into the demand for money in South Africa during the period (1990-2009)
- Simawu, Moreblessing https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4413-4660
- Authors: Simawu, Moreblessing https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4413-4660
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Demand for money -- South Africa , Monetary policy -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24421 , vital:62789
- Description: A stable money demand function plays a vital role in the analysis of macroeconomics, especially in the planning and implementation of monetary policy. With the use of Johansen cointegration and error correction model estimates, this study examines the existence of a stable long-run relationship between real money demand (RM2 and RM3) and its explanatory variables, in South Africa, for the period 1990-2009. The explanatory variables used in this study are selected on the basis of different monetary theories and empirical works, including the Keynesian, Classical and Friedman’s modern quantity theory of money. Based on these theories, the explanatory variables used in this thesis are real income, an interest rate, the inflation rate ,the exchange rate and foreign interest rate. The signs of the coefficients of the variables are as expected from economic theory. The coefficients of real income, the exchange rate and foreign interest rate are positive, while the coefficients of the interest rate and inflation rate are negative. This study augments the cointegration and vector autoregression (VAR) analysis with impulse response and variance decomposition analyses to provide robust long run effects and short run dynamic effects on the real money demand. In addition a foreign interest rate to capture the impact of capital mobility on money demand in South Africa was used. Results from the Johansen test suggest that real money demand (RM2 and RM3) and its all explanatory variables are cointegrated. Hence, there is a long-run equilibrium relationship between the real quantity of money demanded and five broadly defined macroeconomic components namely, real income, an interest rate, the inflation rate, foreign interest rate and the exchange rate in South Africa. Overall, the study finds that the coefficients of the equilibrium error terms are negative, as expected, and significantly different from zero, implying that 0.16 and 0.1 of the discrepancy between money demand and its explanatory variables is eliminated in the following quarter. Application of CUSUM and CUSUMSQ stability test showed that real money demand (M2 and M3) is stable in South Africa. The impulse response analysis provided evidence that the real M3 money, national income, rate of inflation and the foreign interest rate have a significant impact on the real M3 money demand in the short run. However, remaining variables (the real exchange rate and prime overdraft rate), have only a transitory effect on the real M3 money demand. There was further evidence that real exchange rate, the rate of inflation and the foreign interest rate, have a significant impact on the real M2 money demand in the short run. However, remaining variables (the national income and prime overdraft rate), have only a transitory effect on the real M2 money demand. Results from the variance decompositions of the real money demand are basically similar to those from the impulse response analysis and reveal that the fundamentals explain some, but not all, of the variations of the real money demand. The results showed that the national income explains the largest component of the variation in the real M2 money demand followed by the exchange rate and foreign interest rate. Shocks to the other variables continued to explain an insignificant proportion of the variation in the real M2 money demand. The national income also explains the largest component of the variation in the real M3 money demand followed by the foreign interest rate and exchange rate. Shocks to the other variables continued to explain a less significant proportion of the variation in the real M3 money demand.The study finds that both real M2 and M3 are stable which makes monetary targeting a viable policy option for the SARB. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2011
- Full Text:
- Authors: Simawu, Moreblessing https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4413-4660
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Demand for money -- South Africa , Monetary policy -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24421 , vital:62789
- Description: A stable money demand function plays a vital role in the analysis of macroeconomics, especially in the planning and implementation of monetary policy. With the use of Johansen cointegration and error correction model estimates, this study examines the existence of a stable long-run relationship between real money demand (RM2 and RM3) and its explanatory variables, in South Africa, for the period 1990-2009. The explanatory variables used in this study are selected on the basis of different monetary theories and empirical works, including the Keynesian, Classical and Friedman’s modern quantity theory of money. Based on these theories, the explanatory variables used in this thesis are real income, an interest rate, the inflation rate ,the exchange rate and foreign interest rate. The signs of the coefficients of the variables are as expected from economic theory. The coefficients of real income, the exchange rate and foreign interest rate are positive, while the coefficients of the interest rate and inflation rate are negative. This study augments the cointegration and vector autoregression (VAR) analysis with impulse response and variance decomposition analyses to provide robust long run effects and short run dynamic effects on the real money demand. In addition a foreign interest rate to capture the impact of capital mobility on money demand in South Africa was used. Results from the Johansen test suggest that real money demand (RM2 and RM3) and its all explanatory variables are cointegrated. Hence, there is a long-run equilibrium relationship between the real quantity of money demanded and five broadly defined macroeconomic components namely, real income, an interest rate, the inflation rate, foreign interest rate and the exchange rate in South Africa. Overall, the study finds that the coefficients of the equilibrium error terms are negative, as expected, and significantly different from zero, implying that 0.16 and 0.1 of the discrepancy between money demand and its explanatory variables is eliminated in the following quarter. Application of CUSUM and CUSUMSQ stability test showed that real money demand (M2 and M3) is stable in South Africa. The impulse response analysis provided evidence that the real M3 money, national income, rate of inflation and the foreign interest rate have a significant impact on the real M3 money demand in the short run. However, remaining variables (the real exchange rate and prime overdraft rate), have only a transitory effect on the real M3 money demand. There was further evidence that real exchange rate, the rate of inflation and the foreign interest rate, have a significant impact on the real M2 money demand in the short run. However, remaining variables (the national income and prime overdraft rate), have only a transitory effect on the real M2 money demand. Results from the variance decompositions of the real money demand are basically similar to those from the impulse response analysis and reveal that the fundamentals explain some, but not all, of the variations of the real money demand. The results showed that the national income explains the largest component of the variation in the real M2 money demand followed by the exchange rate and foreign interest rate. Shocks to the other variables continued to explain an insignificant proportion of the variation in the real M2 money demand. The national income also explains the largest component of the variation in the real M3 money demand followed by the foreign interest rate and exchange rate. Shocks to the other variables continued to explain a less significant proportion of the variation in the real M3 money demand.The study finds that both real M2 and M3 are stable which makes monetary targeting a viable policy option for the SARB. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2011
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Do budget deficits crowd out private investment?: an analysis of the South African Economy
- Authors: Biza, Rumbidzai Aimee
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Individual investors -- South Africa , Budget deficits -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24956 , vital:63750
- Description: This dissertation investigates whether budget deficits crowd out or crowd in private investment in South Africa, using quarterly South African data covering the period 1994 to 2009. South Africa has been experiencing unprecedented budget deficits since the 1960s and the study investigates how this has impacted on the country’s private investment demand. An empirical model linking private investment to its theoretical variables is specified and used to assess the quantitative effects of budget deficits on private investment. This study augments the co-integration and vector auto-regression (VAR) analysis with impulse response and variance decomposition analyses to provide robust long run and short run dynamic effects on private investment. The variables have been found to have a long run relationship with private investment. Results suggest that budget deficits significantly crowds out private investment. These results corroborate the theoretical predictions and are also supported by previous studies. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2011
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- Authors: Biza, Rumbidzai Aimee
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Individual investors -- South Africa , Budget deficits -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24956 , vital:63750
- Description: This dissertation investigates whether budget deficits crowd out or crowd in private investment in South Africa, using quarterly South African data covering the period 1994 to 2009. South Africa has been experiencing unprecedented budget deficits since the 1960s and the study investigates how this has impacted on the country’s private investment demand. An empirical model linking private investment to its theoretical variables is specified and used to assess the quantitative effects of budget deficits on private investment. This study augments the co-integration and vector auto-regression (VAR) analysis with impulse response and variance decomposition analyses to provide robust long run and short run dynamic effects on private investment. The variables have been found to have a long run relationship with private investment. Results suggest that budget deficits significantly crowds out private investment. These results corroborate the theoretical predictions and are also supported by previous studies. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2011
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Factors mediating personal and professional development within higher learning institutions: an activity theory perspective.
- Authors: Kriel, Denise
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: School improvement programs http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85118340 , Educational leadership http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh92001254 , College administrators http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85028268
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/19431 , vital:43086
- Description: In the context of a higher learning institution, this paper identifies the factors that mediate students‟ personal and professional development from an Activity Theory perspective. Data took the form of written reflections submitted by second-year psychology students‟ as part of their course requirements. The reflection exercises were designed to help students to use the knowledge acquired in the second-year programme to reflect on their own understanding of „self‟ and the practice of psychology in society. Data was analysed from an Activity Theory perspective and employed interpretative methodologies. The findings of the study shed light upon the role of contemporary contextual factors mediating students‟ personal and professional development at a higher learning institution. , Thesis (M Soc Sc) (Counselling Psychology) -- University of Fort Hare, 2011
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- Authors: Kriel, Denise
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: School improvement programs http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85118340 , Educational leadership http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh92001254 , College administrators http://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85028268
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/19431 , vital:43086
- Description: In the context of a higher learning institution, this paper identifies the factors that mediate students‟ personal and professional development from an Activity Theory perspective. Data took the form of written reflections submitted by second-year psychology students‟ as part of their course requirements. The reflection exercises were designed to help students to use the knowledge acquired in the second-year programme to reflect on their own understanding of „self‟ and the practice of psychology in society. Data was analysed from an Activity Theory perspective and employed interpretative methodologies. The findings of the study shed light upon the role of contemporary contextual factors mediating students‟ personal and professional development at a higher learning institution. , Thesis (M Soc Sc) (Counselling Psychology) -- University of Fort Hare, 2011
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Investigating the impact of capital account liberalization on economic growth: A case study of South Africa
- Khumalo, Sibanisezwe A. (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4330-9249)
- Authors: Khumalo, Sibanisezwe A. (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4330-9249)
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Capital Movements--South Africa , Investment, Foreign--South Africa South Africa , Free Trade--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25800 , vital:64486
- Description: The increased interest in capital flows has made it imperative to understand how they impact a particular economy. The Global drive for an interlinked world economy has increased the need for monetary authorities and Governments to able to effectively deal with any negative spins off from capital flows and also be able to take advantage of positive effects capital flows may have on an economy. The study seeks to understand how the change to lift restrictions on capital flows into the South African economy may have impacted on economic growth. The study analyses the relationship that existed between capital flows, that is to say foreign direct investment (FDI) and portfolio investment (P_I) and economic growth under the period of capital controls (1975 Q1 to 1994Q1). Then study will then analyse the same relationship but this time under the liberalised period (1994 Q2 to 2010 Q2) and compare how the long run relationship has changed after capital account liberalisation. The study uses an endogenous model to determine the relationship. The study unlike most will focus on a single economy, which is South Africa and not use panel data like most previous studies. The study found that in the short run capital account liberalising aided economic growth as both FDI and P_I became significant, with positive coefficients and also found that there is long run relationship between economic growth and capital flows. In the long run FDI is significant while P_I is not. After liberalisation FDI adjusted faster in the long run than before liberalisation on its impact on economic output. Also of note was that the study found that under capital controls the conditional variance was constant but after liberalisation the relationship between capital flows and economic growth became more sensitive to negative news and the conditional variance was not constant thus indication of increased volatility. To maximise from opening up of capital accounts the economy should maintain sound macroeconomic policies. This will help shield the economy from the external shocks and this maintain economic growth. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2011
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- Authors: Khumalo, Sibanisezwe A. (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4330-9249)
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Capital Movements--South Africa , Investment, Foreign--South Africa South Africa , Free Trade--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25800 , vital:64486
- Description: The increased interest in capital flows has made it imperative to understand how they impact a particular economy. The Global drive for an interlinked world economy has increased the need for monetary authorities and Governments to able to effectively deal with any negative spins off from capital flows and also be able to take advantage of positive effects capital flows may have on an economy. The study seeks to understand how the change to lift restrictions on capital flows into the South African economy may have impacted on economic growth. The study analyses the relationship that existed between capital flows, that is to say foreign direct investment (FDI) and portfolio investment (P_I) and economic growth under the period of capital controls (1975 Q1 to 1994Q1). Then study will then analyse the same relationship but this time under the liberalised period (1994 Q2 to 2010 Q2) and compare how the long run relationship has changed after capital account liberalisation. The study uses an endogenous model to determine the relationship. The study unlike most will focus on a single economy, which is South Africa and not use panel data like most previous studies. The study found that in the short run capital account liberalising aided economic growth as both FDI and P_I became significant, with positive coefficients and also found that there is long run relationship between economic growth and capital flows. In the long run FDI is significant while P_I is not. After liberalisation FDI adjusted faster in the long run than before liberalisation on its impact on economic output. Also of note was that the study found that under capital controls the conditional variance was constant but after liberalisation the relationship between capital flows and economic growth became more sensitive to negative news and the conditional variance was not constant thus indication of increased volatility. To maximise from opening up of capital accounts the economy should maintain sound macroeconomic policies. This will help shield the economy from the external shocks and this maintain economic growth. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2011
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Organizational commitment, age and gender effects on organizational citizenship behaviour of university employees
- Authors: Khayundi, Daniel Asiachi
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Organizational behavior -- South Africa , Organizational effectiveness -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25755 , vital:64476
- Description: Organizational citizenship behaviour is one of the important factors that enhance organizational effectiveness. The main purpose of this study was to explore the impact of Organizational commitment on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB). In this study, age and gender effects on OCB of tertiary institution employees were also examined. The data was collected from 68 academic and administration staff from the University of Fort Hare, Alice campus through questionnaires. The results show that 68 respondents are of the view that organizational commitment impacts positively in enhancing the organizational citizenship behaviour of the employees. The findings also reveal that age and gender play no role in the practice of employees OCB. Management can increase the levels of OCB in their employees by recognizing employees who engage themselves in such behaviour. Implications that can help management in the University of Fort Hare, Alice campus in augmenting the OCB of employees is also discussed. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2011
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- Authors: Khayundi, Daniel Asiachi
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Organizational behavior -- South Africa , Organizational effectiveness -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25755 , vital:64476
- Description: Organizational citizenship behaviour is one of the important factors that enhance organizational effectiveness. The main purpose of this study was to explore the impact of Organizational commitment on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB). In this study, age and gender effects on OCB of tertiary institution employees were also examined. The data was collected from 68 academic and administration staff from the University of Fort Hare, Alice campus through questionnaires. The results show that 68 respondents are of the view that organizational commitment impacts positively in enhancing the organizational citizenship behaviour of the employees. The findings also reveal that age and gender play no role in the practice of employees OCB. Management can increase the levels of OCB in their employees by recognizing employees who engage themselves in such behaviour. Implications that can help management in the University of Fort Hare, Alice campus in augmenting the OCB of employees is also discussed. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2011
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The economic impact of HIV and AIDS in South Africa
- Makhetha, Palesa (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8730-4450)
- Authors: Makhetha, Palesa (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8730-4450)
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: AIDS (Disease) , Economic Aspects , HIV Infections South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26130 , vital:64918
- Description: The SADC region has felt the impact of HIV/AIDS more than any other region in sub-Saharan Africa and the world. South Africa is the home of the largest number of people living with HIV/AIDS in the world. Historically, South Africa is one the countries that had a very disorderly past and this history is relevant to the explosive spread of HIV/AIDS in the region. The first cases of HIV were diagnosed in 1982 and that is when the first death from this disease was recorded. In 2004 over 5 million people out of a total 46 million South Africans were HIV positive, giving a total prevalence rate of 11 percent. HIV/AIDS has affected societies in many ways. Individuals, households and enterprises have all been affected by the pandemic. For individuals, incomes are lost as a result of HIV/AIDS. When individuals fall sick due to the disease, they loose their jobs and incomes. In most cases, these individuals are breadwinners in their households. The available money is then spent on medical services at the expense of other household investments. For example, the loss of a breadwinner inevitably affects rural households investments on farm inputs such as fertiliser, seeds etc. The result is low agricultural output and thus poverty. Dependent members of the households suffer immensely from the loss of income. Those at school are likely to drop out. When children drop out of school, they are more likely to be unemployed or underemployed. This makes them more vulnerable to being poor and other vices, such as crime or even HIV/AIDS. Poverty is another social and health issue that has a two-way relationship with HIV/Aids. Poverty increases individuals’ vulnerability to HIV/AIDS especially for females. Through its impact on productivity and loss of life of the economically productive members of the society, the disease condemns many to poverty. Households affected by the disease, are poorer than non-affected households. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2011
- Full Text:
- Authors: Makhetha, Palesa (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8730-4450)
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: AIDS (Disease) , Economic Aspects , HIV Infections South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26130 , vital:64918
- Description: The SADC region has felt the impact of HIV/AIDS more than any other region in sub-Saharan Africa and the world. South Africa is the home of the largest number of people living with HIV/AIDS in the world. Historically, South Africa is one the countries that had a very disorderly past and this history is relevant to the explosive spread of HIV/AIDS in the region. The first cases of HIV were diagnosed in 1982 and that is when the first death from this disease was recorded. In 2004 over 5 million people out of a total 46 million South Africans were HIV positive, giving a total prevalence rate of 11 percent. HIV/AIDS has affected societies in many ways. Individuals, households and enterprises have all been affected by the pandemic. For individuals, incomes are lost as a result of HIV/AIDS. When individuals fall sick due to the disease, they loose their jobs and incomes. In most cases, these individuals are breadwinners in their households. The available money is then spent on medical services at the expense of other household investments. For example, the loss of a breadwinner inevitably affects rural households investments on farm inputs such as fertiliser, seeds etc. The result is low agricultural output and thus poverty. Dependent members of the households suffer immensely from the loss of income. Those at school are likely to drop out. When children drop out of school, they are more likely to be unemployed or underemployed. This makes them more vulnerable to being poor and other vices, such as crime or even HIV/AIDS. Poverty is another social and health issue that has a two-way relationship with HIV/Aids. Poverty increases individuals’ vulnerability to HIV/AIDS especially for females. Through its impact on productivity and loss of life of the economically productive members of the society, the disease condemns many to poverty. Households affected by the disease, are poorer than non-affected households. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2011
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The impact of HIV/AIDS on the delivery of maternal health care services of selected primary health care clinics of Peddie in the Eastern Cape Province
- Mangi, Nozuko Glenrose https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9158-8820
- Authors: Mangi, Nozuko Glenrose https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9158-8820
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Maternal health services , Primary health care , HIV infections -- Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24576 , vital:63209
- Description: The aim of this descriptive study was to explore the impact of HIV/AIDS on the maternal health programme at selected Primary Health Care (PHC) clinics in the Peddie sub-district, in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. This study showed that the HIV/AIDS epidemic has had major influences on the rendering of maternal health services in this sub-district. An understanding of the impact of HIV/AIDS on the delivery of the maternal health programme in the Peddie Primary Health Clinics will potentially help the District Health Service office, as well as the clinic managers and professional nurses to formulate strategies to strengthen the maternal health programme. This data will also be helpful when developing plans to cope with the heavy work-load of the clinics offering maternal health services, and to address the attitudes and concerns of the professional nurses working in the PHC clinics in this area. Thirty professional nurses working at 10 clinics responded to the questionnaires which elicited questions pertaining to the impact of HIV/AIDS on the rendering of their services. As part of the data gathering procedures, standardised notice boards at the PHC clinics were used to document the services rendered. The numbers of ANC clients attended to each of the clinics per week were collected in routine attendance tick registers used in the clinics for recording and monitoring statistics in the maternal health programme. The data was analysed to examine the possible impact of HIV/AIDS on maternal health services rendered by registered nurses/midwives working in the PHC clinics. The registered nurses who responded to the questionnaires (Annexure H) made several suggestions. These included the following: (i) encouraged more training (11 nurses), (ii) addition of more staff members, (iii) to have specialized staff for management of maternal HIV. Because of the study limitations such as the sample size of 10 clinics with a total of 30 nurses who were studied, the study may not be generalised to the whole of the Eastern Cape Province. The study however did provide baseline information on the impact of HIV/AIDS on the maternal health programme. The study findings were that HIV/AIDS has had an impact on the delivery of the maternal health programme due to the extra services brought about by the response to the HIV/AIDS pandemic. This study will contribute to a better understanding of the impact of HIV/AIDS on the maternal health programme at the PHC level in Peddie. The research provided insight into issues that are crucial to the delivery of maternal health programmes in rural areas. , Thesis (MCur) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2011
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mangi, Nozuko Glenrose https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9158-8820
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Maternal health services , Primary health care , HIV infections -- Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24576 , vital:63209
- Description: The aim of this descriptive study was to explore the impact of HIV/AIDS on the maternal health programme at selected Primary Health Care (PHC) clinics in the Peddie sub-district, in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. This study showed that the HIV/AIDS epidemic has had major influences on the rendering of maternal health services in this sub-district. An understanding of the impact of HIV/AIDS on the delivery of the maternal health programme in the Peddie Primary Health Clinics will potentially help the District Health Service office, as well as the clinic managers and professional nurses to formulate strategies to strengthen the maternal health programme. This data will also be helpful when developing plans to cope with the heavy work-load of the clinics offering maternal health services, and to address the attitudes and concerns of the professional nurses working in the PHC clinics in this area. Thirty professional nurses working at 10 clinics responded to the questionnaires which elicited questions pertaining to the impact of HIV/AIDS on the rendering of their services. As part of the data gathering procedures, standardised notice boards at the PHC clinics were used to document the services rendered. The numbers of ANC clients attended to each of the clinics per week were collected in routine attendance tick registers used in the clinics for recording and monitoring statistics in the maternal health programme. The data was analysed to examine the possible impact of HIV/AIDS on maternal health services rendered by registered nurses/midwives working in the PHC clinics. The registered nurses who responded to the questionnaires (Annexure H) made several suggestions. These included the following: (i) encouraged more training (11 nurses), (ii) addition of more staff members, (iii) to have specialized staff for management of maternal HIV. Because of the study limitations such as the sample size of 10 clinics with a total of 30 nurses who were studied, the study may not be generalised to the whole of the Eastern Cape Province. The study however did provide baseline information on the impact of HIV/AIDS on the maternal health programme. The study findings were that HIV/AIDS has had an impact on the delivery of the maternal health programme due to the extra services brought about by the response to the HIV/AIDS pandemic. This study will contribute to a better understanding of the impact of HIV/AIDS on the maternal health programme at the PHC level in Peddie. The research provided insight into issues that are crucial to the delivery of maternal health programmes in rural areas. , Thesis (MCur) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2011
- Full Text:
Triggers and barriers to youth entrepreneurship in the Eastern Cape South Africa
- Authors: Chindoga, Lynety
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Youth development -- South Africa , Entrepreneurship -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Young adults -- Employment -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25948 , vital:64636
- Description: To realise the dream of the African Renaissance and a better life for all South Africans, the entrepreneurial energies of all people, including children, should be harnessed to contribute towards economic development, job creation and poverty alleviation. Entrepreneurship creates wealth and results in economic prosperity for a country. However, in South Africa, entrepreneurship still remains a dream yet to be realised. This is supported by the findings of Maas and Herrington (2006), who identified entrepreneurial activity in South Africa to be very weak as evidenced by a low Total Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA) rate. Youths are not engaging in entrepreneurial activity and are making the bulk of the unemployed in South Africa. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the perceived triggers and barriers to youth entrepreneurship in South Africa. Two sets of questionnaires were self- administered to high school students and university students. The respondents which consisted of three hundred and twenty three university students and two hundred and fifty six high school students, were selected using simple random sampling method. Five point Likert scale was used to measure the responses. Descriptive as well as inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. The results indicated that youth entrepreneurial intention is low in South Africa. The results also indicated that students perceived mainly extrinsic rewards, market opportunities as well as intrinsic rewards as the three top triggers towards entrepreneurial intention. Independence/autonomy and capital were also regarded as triggers to entrepreneurial intentions. The barriers to youth entrepreneurship included lack of capital, skill and support as well as lack of market opportunities and risk. The study recommends that in order to encourage youth entrepreneurial intentions, government and all stakeholders should ensure that all the perceived triggers are made available. In addition, the barriers to youth entrepreneurship should be minimised. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2011
- Full Text:
- Authors: Chindoga, Lynety
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Youth development -- South Africa , Entrepreneurship -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Young adults -- Employment -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25948 , vital:64636
- Description: To realise the dream of the African Renaissance and a better life for all South Africans, the entrepreneurial energies of all people, including children, should be harnessed to contribute towards economic development, job creation and poverty alleviation. Entrepreneurship creates wealth and results in economic prosperity for a country. However, in South Africa, entrepreneurship still remains a dream yet to be realised. This is supported by the findings of Maas and Herrington (2006), who identified entrepreneurial activity in South Africa to be very weak as evidenced by a low Total Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA) rate. Youths are not engaging in entrepreneurial activity and are making the bulk of the unemployed in South Africa. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the perceived triggers and barriers to youth entrepreneurship in South Africa. Two sets of questionnaires were self- administered to high school students and university students. The respondents which consisted of three hundred and twenty three university students and two hundred and fifty six high school students, were selected using simple random sampling method. Five point Likert scale was used to measure the responses. Descriptive as well as inferential statistics were used to analyse the data. The results indicated that youth entrepreneurial intention is low in South Africa. The results also indicated that students perceived mainly extrinsic rewards, market opportunities as well as intrinsic rewards as the three top triggers towards entrepreneurial intention. Independence/autonomy and capital were also regarded as triggers to entrepreneurial intentions. The barriers to youth entrepreneurship included lack of capital, skill and support as well as lack of market opportunities and risk. The study recommends that in order to encourage youth entrepreneurial intentions, government and all stakeholders should ensure that all the perceived triggers are made available. In addition, the barriers to youth entrepreneurship should be minimised. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2011
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Work-family conflict, stress and some demographic and occupational variables among female factory workers in East London, South Africa
- Authors: Dywili, Mtutuzeli
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Work and family -- South Africa , Job stress -- South Africa , Women employees -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24128 , vital:62382
- Description: The study examines work-family conflict, stress, and some demographic and occupational variables among female factory workers in East London, South Africa. The participants were female factory workers in East London, South Africa. The independent variables for the study were, demographic and occupational variables, while stress is the dependent variable. Work-family conflict is dependent on demographic and occupational variables, while on the other hand is independent to stress. The demographic variables concerned are age, marital status, number of children and age of the last born child. The occupational variable on the other hand is occupational level, i.e. managerial versus non-managerial. The measuring instruments were a self-designed questionnaire to measure the demographic and occupational variables, a questionnaire developed by Stephens and Sommer (1996) to measure work-family conflict (cronbach’s alpha = 0,90) and the Effort – Reward Imbalance (ERI) questionnaire (Pikhart, Bobak, Siegrist, Pajak, Rywick, Kyshegyi, Gostaus, Skodova& Marmot, 1996) to measure stress at workplace. Cronbach’s alpha for the whole questionnaire reaches the value of 0,89. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2011
- Full Text:
- Authors: Dywili, Mtutuzeli
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Work and family -- South Africa , Job stress -- South Africa , Women employees -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24128 , vital:62382
- Description: The study examines work-family conflict, stress, and some demographic and occupational variables among female factory workers in East London, South Africa. The participants were female factory workers in East London, South Africa. The independent variables for the study were, demographic and occupational variables, while stress is the dependent variable. Work-family conflict is dependent on demographic and occupational variables, while on the other hand is independent to stress. The demographic variables concerned are age, marital status, number of children and age of the last born child. The occupational variable on the other hand is occupational level, i.e. managerial versus non-managerial. The measuring instruments were a self-designed questionnaire to measure the demographic and occupational variables, a questionnaire developed by Stephens and Sommer (1996) to measure work-family conflict (cronbach’s alpha = 0,90) and the Effort – Reward Imbalance (ERI) questionnaire (Pikhart, Bobak, Siegrist, Pajak, Rywick, Kyshegyi, Gostaus, Skodova& Marmot, 1996) to measure stress at workplace. Cronbach’s alpha for the whole questionnaire reaches the value of 0,89. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2011
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An investigation into the efficacy of English language literacy support for students at the Ibika campus of the Walter Sisulu University.
- Authors: Napier, Astrid
- Date: 2011-01
- Subjects: English Language , Study and Teaching , Information Literacy
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23851 , vital:60919
- Description: Institutions of higher learning are experiencing high failure rates, and this according to Scott, Yeld and Hendry (2007) can partly be attributed to the lack of adequate support for students after they have been admitted. Adequate support is very necessary, since research has shown that many students, especially those from former Department of Education and Training, are underprepared for tertiary institutions. Students at the Ibika Campus, the site where the research took place, are predominately from the former Department of Education and Training. The objective of this study therefore was to investigate why students at the Ibika Campus of the Walter Sisulu University seem to encounter problems with English mastery even though English language support services have been instituted; to discover what the perceptions of the WSU students and staff were with regard to the English support services; to determine what challenges the support services had , if any, in providing best service and to ascertain whether the English support services could be enhanced. The research was conducted at the Ibika Campus of the WSU. The design was that of the case study and a mixed method methodology was used. A total sample of 142 students, 5 staff members from the library, 1 staff member from the WC and 5 staff members from computer laboratories, as well as 12 staff members from the Ibika campus participated. A non probability sampling method was used. Students were selected from 1st year, second year and third year of their respective studies, ranging across the 14 departments at Ibika campus. Lecturing staff members were also selected across these departments. The instruments were structured questionnaires and interviews. The findings indicated that the English support services faced many challenges in their endeavor to provide services to students and the conclusion is that the English Language support services were therefore not as effective as it could be in giving support to students. It is recommended that the English Language support services immediately be improved in terms of space, since the venues for all three support services are too small, human resources and resources that support Teaching and Learning. It is further recommended that the university authorities seriously consider implementing an assessment test for all new entrants to the university, in order to establish who were in need of English Language support, and that these students be immersed in a programme that will assist them to improve their English Language proficiency. Finally, it is recommended that students complete a graduation threshold English proficiency examination in order that the institution can have confidence that students are proficient in English. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, 2011
- Full Text:
- Authors: Napier, Astrid
- Date: 2011-01
- Subjects: English Language , Study and Teaching , Information Literacy
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23851 , vital:60919
- Description: Institutions of higher learning are experiencing high failure rates, and this according to Scott, Yeld and Hendry (2007) can partly be attributed to the lack of adequate support for students after they have been admitted. Adequate support is very necessary, since research has shown that many students, especially those from former Department of Education and Training, are underprepared for tertiary institutions. Students at the Ibika Campus, the site where the research took place, are predominately from the former Department of Education and Training. The objective of this study therefore was to investigate why students at the Ibika Campus of the Walter Sisulu University seem to encounter problems with English mastery even though English language support services have been instituted; to discover what the perceptions of the WSU students and staff were with regard to the English support services; to determine what challenges the support services had , if any, in providing best service and to ascertain whether the English support services could be enhanced. The research was conducted at the Ibika Campus of the WSU. The design was that of the case study and a mixed method methodology was used. A total sample of 142 students, 5 staff members from the library, 1 staff member from the WC and 5 staff members from computer laboratories, as well as 12 staff members from the Ibika campus participated. A non probability sampling method was used. Students were selected from 1st year, second year and third year of their respective studies, ranging across the 14 departments at Ibika campus. Lecturing staff members were also selected across these departments. The instruments were structured questionnaires and interviews. The findings indicated that the English support services faced many challenges in their endeavor to provide services to students and the conclusion is that the English Language support services were therefore not as effective as it could be in giving support to students. It is recommended that the English Language support services immediately be improved in terms of space, since the venues for all three support services are too small, human resources and resources that support Teaching and Learning. It is further recommended that the university authorities seriously consider implementing an assessment test for all new entrants to the university, in order to establish who were in need of English Language support, and that these students be immersed in a programme that will assist them to improve their English Language proficiency. Finally, it is recommended that students complete a graduation threshold English proficiency examination in order that the institution can have confidence that students are proficient in English. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, 2011
- Full Text:
An investigation into the efficacy of English language literacy support for students at the Ibika campus of the Walter Sisulu university.
- Authors: Napier, Astrid
- Date: 2011_01
- Subjects: Study and Teaching , Information Literacy
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23498 , vital:57953
- Description: Institutions of higher learning are experiencing high failure rates, and this according to Scott, Yeld and Hendry (2007) can partly be attributed to the lack of adequate support for students after they have been admitted. Adequate support is very necessary, since research has shown that many students, especially those from former Department of Education and Training, are underprepared for tertiary institutions. Students at the Ibika Campus, the site where the research took place, are predominately from the former Department of Education and Training. The objective of this study therefore was to investigate why students at the Ibika Campus of the Walter Sisulu University seem to encounter problems with English mastery even though English language support services have been instituted; to discover what the perceptions of the WSU students and staff were with regard to the English support services; to determine what challenges the support services had , if any, in providing best service and to ascertain whether the English support services could be enhanced. The research was conducted at the Ibika Campus of the WSU. The design was that of the case study and a mixed method methodology was used. A total sample of 142 students, 5 staff members from the library, 1 staff member from the WC and 5 staff members from computer laboratories, as well as 12 staff members from the Ibika campus participated. A non probability sampling method was used. Students were selected from 1st year, second year and third year of their respective studies, ranging across the 14 departments at Ibika campus. Lecturing staff members were also selected across these departments. The instruments were structured questionnaires and interviews. The findings indicated that the English support services faced many challenges in their endeavor to provide services to students and the conclusion is that the English Language support services were therefore not as effective as it could be in giving support to students. It is recommended that the English Language support services immediately be improved in terms of space, since the venues for all three support services are too small, human resources and resources that support Teaching and Learning. It is further recommended that the university authorities seriously consider implementing an assessment test for all new entrants to the university, in order to establish who were in need of English Language support, and that these students be immersed in a programme that will assist them to improve their English Language proficiency. Finally, it is recommended that students complete a graduation threshold English proficiency examination in order that the institution can have confidence that students are proficient in English. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Education, 2011
- Full Text:
- Authors: Napier, Astrid
- Date: 2011_01
- Subjects: Study and Teaching , Information Literacy
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23498 , vital:57953
- Description: Institutions of higher learning are experiencing high failure rates, and this according to Scott, Yeld and Hendry (2007) can partly be attributed to the lack of adequate support for students after they have been admitted. Adequate support is very necessary, since research has shown that many students, especially those from former Department of Education and Training, are underprepared for tertiary institutions. Students at the Ibika Campus, the site where the research took place, are predominately from the former Department of Education and Training. The objective of this study therefore was to investigate why students at the Ibika Campus of the Walter Sisulu University seem to encounter problems with English mastery even though English language support services have been instituted; to discover what the perceptions of the WSU students and staff were with regard to the English support services; to determine what challenges the support services had , if any, in providing best service and to ascertain whether the English support services could be enhanced. The research was conducted at the Ibika Campus of the WSU. The design was that of the case study and a mixed method methodology was used. A total sample of 142 students, 5 staff members from the library, 1 staff member from the WC and 5 staff members from computer laboratories, as well as 12 staff members from the Ibika campus participated. A non probability sampling method was used. Students were selected from 1st year, second year and third year of their respective studies, ranging across the 14 departments at Ibika campus. Lecturing staff members were also selected across these departments. The instruments were structured questionnaires and interviews. The findings indicated that the English support services faced many challenges in their endeavor to provide services to students and the conclusion is that the English Language support services were therefore not as effective as it could be in giving support to students. It is recommended that the English Language support services immediately be improved in terms of space, since the venues for all three support services are too small, human resources and resources that support Teaching and Learning. It is further recommended that the university authorities seriously consider implementing an assessment test for all new entrants to the university, in order to establish who were in need of English Language support, and that these students be immersed in a programme that will assist them to improve their English Language proficiency. Finally, it is recommended that students complete a graduation threshold English proficiency examination in order that the institution can have confidence that students are proficient in English. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Education, 2011
- Full Text:
Critical assessment of leadership skills in developmental local government: a case study of Buffalo City Municipality in the Eastern Cape
- Mnyatheli, Mbeko Bandla Sizasomzi
- Authors: Mnyatheli, Mbeko Bandla Sizasomzi
- Date: 2011-01
- Subjects: Leadership , Municipal government , Buffalo City (South Africa)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26175 , vital:64950
- Description: This study seeks to examine the nature and role of leadership, in pursuit of a suitable leadership for a Developmental Local Government environment. The aim of this study is to describe the nature of leadership, particularly in local government, and in public organization in general. The study begins by teasing out the various concepts and terminology attendant with leadership in this environment. The study further reviews relevant literature as basis for understanding and goes on to interrogate the general theories on leadership with a view to choose the best practice in leadership of a developmental local government. Central to its quest for answers, is the drive from the constitutional mandate, a developmental local government imposed to municipality by the constitution of the Republic of South Africa, (1996) arising out of the need to transform the South African local government from an erstwhile policy of racial segregation to a new democratic political dispensation fostering equity and access to services and resources for all citizens. The challenge for the new leadership therefore is how to deal, speedily with the huge disparities and socio-economic backlogs? What kind of leadership and what level of knowledge, skills and competencies are required and how soon can public goods and services be delivered to the satisfaction of the communities it serves? ‘Analysis of variance’ was used to analyse and interpret data collected. Literature on the difference between transactional and transformational leadership formed the basis of the findings. Finally, findings and conclusions were drawn. On the bases of these, recommendations for Buffalo City Municipality were presented. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2011
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mnyatheli, Mbeko Bandla Sizasomzi
- Date: 2011-01
- Subjects: Leadership , Municipal government , Buffalo City (South Africa)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26175 , vital:64950
- Description: This study seeks to examine the nature and role of leadership, in pursuit of a suitable leadership for a Developmental Local Government environment. The aim of this study is to describe the nature of leadership, particularly in local government, and in public organization in general. The study begins by teasing out the various concepts and terminology attendant with leadership in this environment. The study further reviews relevant literature as basis for understanding and goes on to interrogate the general theories on leadership with a view to choose the best practice in leadership of a developmental local government. Central to its quest for answers, is the drive from the constitutional mandate, a developmental local government imposed to municipality by the constitution of the Republic of South Africa, (1996) arising out of the need to transform the South African local government from an erstwhile policy of racial segregation to a new democratic political dispensation fostering equity and access to services and resources for all citizens. The challenge for the new leadership therefore is how to deal, speedily with the huge disparities and socio-economic backlogs? What kind of leadership and what level of knowledge, skills and competencies are required and how soon can public goods and services be delivered to the satisfaction of the communities it serves? ‘Analysis of variance’ was used to analyse and interpret data collected. Literature on the difference between transactional and transformational leadership formed the basis of the findings. Finally, findings and conclusions were drawn. On the bases of these, recommendations for Buffalo City Municipality were presented. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2011
- Full Text:
Evaluation and comparison of rural and industrial brick masonry units for sustainabile low cost housing
- Authors: Maweza, Elijah Loyiso
- Date: 2011-01
- Subjects: Masonry
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24923 , vital:63676
- Description: The lack of adequate housing for the rural population of South Africa is experienced in every community. The South African government has drawn policies, strategies and required standards that must govern the provision of housing to the people. One of the required standards of housing is that the walls be constructed in such a way that they are able to adequately resist water penetration into any part of the building where it would be detrimental to the health of the occupants or the lifespan of the building. This research took the investigation of the characteristics of bricks that increase or reduce water absorption by bricks as the main objective. The investigation looked first at the raw materials of bricks, the soils and clay. The particle size related soil fractions were investigated because particle sizes are directly linked to the porosity of the bricks. Porosity describes the percentage of pores that are in the bricks, which show the extent to which bricks can internally accommodate moisture. Soil mineralogy was also discussed because as bricks are fired, the changes that they undergo affect the mineralogy of the bricks. The manufacturing procedures (brick moulding and firing) as reported from literature are briefly discussed in chapter 2. The effect of heat on clays is also discussed in order to explain the changes that occur as a result of firing. The porosity and the sorptivity of bricks were the relevant brick properties that are discussed. The methods employed to investigate the characteristics of bricks as discussed in chapter 3 were as follows: (i) Winning and preparation of raw materials. (ii) Particle size analysis. (iii) Water and carbon content in newly formed rural and industrial bricks. (iv) The firing procedures and temperature distribution investigation. (v) The chemical composition of rural and industrial bricks. (vi) Porosity. (vii) The Neutron Radiography equipment and operations. (viii) Sorptivity. With these investigations it was discovered that the quality of the bricks can be improved by: (i) Selecting and preparing the raw materials. This can be done by considering the soil types and reducing the soil particle sizes by sieving and grinding. (ii) Moulding the bricks properly by thoroughly working the soil, reducing the water content and increasing compaction. (iii) Drying the bricks using the sun and the exhaust heat from the kilns that are firing bricks at the time. (iv) Adopting brick firing techniques that produce the desired bricks more efficiently. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2011
- Full Text:
- Authors: Maweza, Elijah Loyiso
- Date: 2011-01
- Subjects: Masonry
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24923 , vital:63676
- Description: The lack of adequate housing for the rural population of South Africa is experienced in every community. The South African government has drawn policies, strategies and required standards that must govern the provision of housing to the people. One of the required standards of housing is that the walls be constructed in such a way that they are able to adequately resist water penetration into any part of the building where it would be detrimental to the health of the occupants or the lifespan of the building. This research took the investigation of the characteristics of bricks that increase or reduce water absorption by bricks as the main objective. The investigation looked first at the raw materials of bricks, the soils and clay. The particle size related soil fractions were investigated because particle sizes are directly linked to the porosity of the bricks. Porosity describes the percentage of pores that are in the bricks, which show the extent to which bricks can internally accommodate moisture. Soil mineralogy was also discussed because as bricks are fired, the changes that they undergo affect the mineralogy of the bricks. The manufacturing procedures (brick moulding and firing) as reported from literature are briefly discussed in chapter 2. The effect of heat on clays is also discussed in order to explain the changes that occur as a result of firing. The porosity and the sorptivity of bricks were the relevant brick properties that are discussed. The methods employed to investigate the characteristics of bricks as discussed in chapter 3 were as follows: (i) Winning and preparation of raw materials. (ii) Particle size analysis. (iii) Water and carbon content in newly formed rural and industrial bricks. (iv) The firing procedures and temperature distribution investigation. (v) The chemical composition of rural and industrial bricks. (vi) Porosity. (vii) The Neutron Radiography equipment and operations. (viii) Sorptivity. With these investigations it was discovered that the quality of the bricks can be improved by: (i) Selecting and preparing the raw materials. This can be done by considering the soil types and reducing the soil particle sizes by sieving and grinding. (ii) Moulding the bricks properly by thoroughly working the soil, reducing the water content and increasing compaction. (iii) Drying the bricks using the sun and the exhaust heat from the kilns that are firing bricks at the time. (iv) Adopting brick firing techniques that produce the desired bricks more efficiently. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2011
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Functionalized Ru(II) polypyridines and phthalocyanines: Potential dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs)
- Adeloye, Adewale Olufunsho https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1736-5738
- Authors: Adeloye, Adewale Olufunsho https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1736-5738
- Date: 2011-01
- Subjects: Phthalocyanines , Dye-sensitized solar cells
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24365 , vital:62645
- Description: This study describes the design, synthesis, characterization and preliminary investigation of the solar-to-electrical energy conversion efficiency of ruthenium(II) functionalized polypyridine and phthalocyanine complexes with extended π-conjugation. Polypyridinyl functionalized with anthracene, 2,3-dimethylacrylic acid and 1-methoxy-1-buten-3-yne were synthesized and characterized by infrared, UV-Vis, photoluminescence, 1H and 13C NMR and elemental analysis. The functionalized polypyridine molecules were used to synthesize various ruthenium(II) homoleptic/heteroleptic and/or heteronuclear complexes and their photophysical and electrochemical properties evaluated. The preliminary results of the solar-to-electrical conversion efficiencies of some synthesized Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes were presented in chapter 5. It was found out as expected that the ruthenium(II) polypyridine complexes containing either heteronuclear polypyridine ligands or their thiocyanate analogues of the types [Ru(L1)2L2(PF6)2], [RuL1(L2)2(PF6)2] and [RuL1L2(NCS)2], showed better photophysical properties (red-shifted metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) transitions concomitant with enhanced molar extinction coefficients), luminescence and interesting electrochemical redox properties than those containing homonuclear ligand types [Ru(L1)3(PF6)2]. The ruthenium(II) anthracenyl functionalized phthalocyanine complexes which were obtained by electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions in the peripheral positions gave good solubility properties in various organic solvents and also showed interesting near infrared absorption and electroredox characteristics. Cyclic and square wave voltammetries of these complexes revealed major redox processes and the numbers of electron(s) transfer were determined by chronocoulometry. It was established that a mono- and/or multi-electronic transfer reactions can occur in the various ruthenium(II) complexes. The photophysical properties of some complexes showed them to be better and promising candidates in the design of chemosensors, organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) and as photosensitizers, while their redox-active natures make them potential mediators in electron-transfer for various photochemical processes. However, due to low surface concentration and/or adsorption of some tested complexes on TiO2 semiconductor nanocrystalline particle, low currents were generated and the highest solar-to- electrical conversion efficiency recorded in this study was 0.10 percent. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2011
- Full Text:
- Authors: Adeloye, Adewale Olufunsho https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1736-5738
- Date: 2011-01
- Subjects: Phthalocyanines , Dye-sensitized solar cells
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24365 , vital:62645
- Description: This study describes the design, synthesis, characterization and preliminary investigation of the solar-to-electrical energy conversion efficiency of ruthenium(II) functionalized polypyridine and phthalocyanine complexes with extended π-conjugation. Polypyridinyl functionalized with anthracene, 2,3-dimethylacrylic acid and 1-methoxy-1-buten-3-yne were synthesized and characterized by infrared, UV-Vis, photoluminescence, 1H and 13C NMR and elemental analysis. The functionalized polypyridine molecules were used to synthesize various ruthenium(II) homoleptic/heteroleptic and/or heteronuclear complexes and their photophysical and electrochemical properties evaluated. The preliminary results of the solar-to-electrical conversion efficiencies of some synthesized Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes were presented in chapter 5. It was found out as expected that the ruthenium(II) polypyridine complexes containing either heteronuclear polypyridine ligands or their thiocyanate analogues of the types [Ru(L1)2L2(PF6)2], [RuL1(L2)2(PF6)2] and [RuL1L2(NCS)2], showed better photophysical properties (red-shifted metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) transitions concomitant with enhanced molar extinction coefficients), luminescence and interesting electrochemical redox properties than those containing homonuclear ligand types [Ru(L1)3(PF6)2]. The ruthenium(II) anthracenyl functionalized phthalocyanine complexes which were obtained by electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions in the peripheral positions gave good solubility properties in various organic solvents and also showed interesting near infrared absorption and electroredox characteristics. Cyclic and square wave voltammetries of these complexes revealed major redox processes and the numbers of electron(s) transfer were determined by chronocoulometry. It was established that a mono- and/or multi-electronic transfer reactions can occur in the various ruthenium(II) complexes. The photophysical properties of some complexes showed them to be better and promising candidates in the design of chemosensors, organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) and as photosensitizers, while their redox-active natures make them potential mediators in electron-transfer for various photochemical processes. However, due to low surface concentration and/or adsorption of some tested complexes on TiO2 semiconductor nanocrystalline particle, low currents were generated and the highest solar-to- electrical conversion efficiency recorded in this study was 0.10 percent. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2011
- Full Text:
Functionalized Ru(II) polypyridines and phthalocyanines: Potential dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs)
- Adeloye, Adewale Olufunsho https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1736-5738
- Authors: Adeloye, Adewale Olufunsho https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1736-5738
- Date: 2011-01
- Subjects: Phthalocyanines , Dye-sensitized solar cells
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24343 , vital:62638
- Description: This study describes the design, synthesis, characterization and preliminary investigation of the solar-to-electrical energy conversion efficiency of ruthenium(II) functionalized polypyridine and phthalocyanine complexes with extended π-conjugation. Polypyridinyl functionalized with anthracene, 2,3-dimethylacrylic acid and 1-methoxy-1-buten-3-yne were synthesized and characterized by infrared, UV-Vis, photoluminescence, 1H and 13C NMR and elemental analysis. The functionalized polypyridine molecules were used to synthesize various ruthenium(II) homoleptic/heteroleptic and/or heteronuclear complexes and their photophysical and electrochemical properties evaluated. The preliminary results of the solar-to-electrical conversion efficiencies of some synthesized Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes were presented in chapter 5. It was found out as expected that the ruthenium(II) polypyridine complexes containing either heteronuclear polypyridine ligands or their thiocyanate analogues of the types [Ru(L1)2L2(PF6)2], [RuL1(L2)2(PF6)2] and [RuL1L2(NCS)2], showed better photophysical properties (red-shifted metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) transitions concomitant with enhanced molar extinction coefficients), luminescence and interesting electrochemical redox properties than those containing homonuclear ligand types [Ru(L1)3(PF6)2]. The ruthenium(II) anthracenyl functionalized phthalocyanine complexes which were obtained by electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions in the peripheral positions gave good solubility properties in various organic solvents and also showed interesting near infrared absorption and electroredox characteristics. Cyclic and square wave voltammetries of these complexes revealed major redox processes and the numbers of electron(s) transfer were determined by chronocoulometry. It was established that a mono- and/or multi-electronic transfer reactions can occur in the various ruthenium(II) complexes. The photophysical properties of some complexes showed them to be better and promising candidates in the design of chemosensors, organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) and as photosensitizers, while their redox-active natures make them potential mediators in electron-transfer for various photochemical processes. However, due to low surface concentration and/or adsorption of some tested complexes on TiO2 semiconductor nanocrystalline particle, low currents were generated and the highest solar-to-electrical conversion efficiency recorded in this study was 0.10 percent. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2011
- Full Text:
- Authors: Adeloye, Adewale Olufunsho https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1736-5738
- Date: 2011-01
- Subjects: Phthalocyanines , Dye-sensitized solar cells
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24343 , vital:62638
- Description: This study describes the design, synthesis, characterization and preliminary investigation of the solar-to-electrical energy conversion efficiency of ruthenium(II) functionalized polypyridine and phthalocyanine complexes with extended π-conjugation. Polypyridinyl functionalized with anthracene, 2,3-dimethylacrylic acid and 1-methoxy-1-buten-3-yne were synthesized and characterized by infrared, UV-Vis, photoluminescence, 1H and 13C NMR and elemental analysis. The functionalized polypyridine molecules were used to synthesize various ruthenium(II) homoleptic/heteroleptic and/or heteronuclear complexes and their photophysical and electrochemical properties evaluated. The preliminary results of the solar-to-electrical conversion efficiencies of some synthesized Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes were presented in chapter 5. It was found out as expected that the ruthenium(II) polypyridine complexes containing either heteronuclear polypyridine ligands or their thiocyanate analogues of the types [Ru(L1)2L2(PF6)2], [RuL1(L2)2(PF6)2] and [RuL1L2(NCS)2], showed better photophysical properties (red-shifted metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) transitions concomitant with enhanced molar extinction coefficients), luminescence and interesting electrochemical redox properties than those containing homonuclear ligand types [Ru(L1)3(PF6)2]. The ruthenium(II) anthracenyl functionalized phthalocyanine complexes which were obtained by electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions in the peripheral positions gave good solubility properties in various organic solvents and also showed interesting near infrared absorption and electroredox characteristics. Cyclic and square wave voltammetries of these complexes revealed major redox processes and the numbers of electron(s) transfer were determined by chronocoulometry. It was established that a mono- and/or multi-electronic transfer reactions can occur in the various ruthenium(II) complexes. The photophysical properties of some complexes showed them to be better and promising candidates in the design of chemosensors, organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) and as photosensitizers, while their redox-active natures make them potential mediators in electron-transfer for various photochemical processes. However, due to low surface concentration and/or adsorption of some tested complexes on TiO2 semiconductor nanocrystalline particle, low currents were generated and the highest solar-to-electrical conversion efficiency recorded in this study was 0.10 percent. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2011
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Revisiting Coloniasm : An exploration of its legacy in four African texts
- Andzongo, Marjorie Debande Eseme
- Authors: Andzongo, Marjorie Debande Eseme
- Date: 2011-01
- Subjects: Colonies -- History , Africa -- Colonisation , Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23282 , vital:57019
- Description: The purpose of this study was to revisit the topic of colonialism once more, in order to ascertain whether it had both negative and positive impacts in Africa. This is so because colonialism is mostly renowned for its negative attributes, therefore, the study attempted to give a more balanced analysis of colonialism and its effects on the colonies and colonised subjects. To this effect, the study examined four African texts: Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart(1967), Ngugi wa Thiong’o and Ngugi Wa Mirri’s I Will Marry When I Want (1982), Mongo Beti’s Mission to Kala (1957) and Sembene Ousmane’s The Last of The Empire (1983). The analysis showed that colonialism did have damaging and constructive impacts on the former colonies. However, these constructive impacts have their limitations where Africans are concerned. The study also came to the conclusion that despite the destructiveness of colonialism there are vital aspects of the Western civilisation that need to be and have been accommodated by Africans. Therefore, amalgamating the positives of various cultures rather than trying to separate them, is the way forward for people of any race as the world has undeniably become a global village. It is easy to see the wrongs and injustices of European Imperialism in Africa. African culture was damaged. The Europeans did not understand tribal differences and tribal customs. They did not even try to understand. The Europeans forced the Africans to learn new ways. They tried to make the Africans feel inferior. They forced the Africans to accept European government, religion, and languages. They drew up colonial boundaries without giving any thought to splitting up tribes. Some of the things the Europeans did in Africa helped the natives. But most of those things were done for the sake of the Europeans. Railway systems, roads, and schools were built and the continent of Africa was opened up to the rest of the world. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2011
- Full Text:
- Authors: Andzongo, Marjorie Debande Eseme
- Date: 2011-01
- Subjects: Colonies -- History , Africa -- Colonisation , Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23282 , vital:57019
- Description: The purpose of this study was to revisit the topic of colonialism once more, in order to ascertain whether it had both negative and positive impacts in Africa. This is so because colonialism is mostly renowned for its negative attributes, therefore, the study attempted to give a more balanced analysis of colonialism and its effects on the colonies and colonised subjects. To this effect, the study examined four African texts: Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart(1967), Ngugi wa Thiong’o and Ngugi Wa Mirri’s I Will Marry When I Want (1982), Mongo Beti’s Mission to Kala (1957) and Sembene Ousmane’s The Last of The Empire (1983). The analysis showed that colonialism did have damaging and constructive impacts on the former colonies. However, these constructive impacts have their limitations where Africans are concerned. The study also came to the conclusion that despite the destructiveness of colonialism there are vital aspects of the Western civilisation that need to be and have been accommodated by Africans. Therefore, amalgamating the positives of various cultures rather than trying to separate them, is the way forward for people of any race as the world has undeniably become a global village. It is easy to see the wrongs and injustices of European Imperialism in Africa. African culture was damaged. The Europeans did not understand tribal differences and tribal customs. They did not even try to understand. The Europeans forced the Africans to learn new ways. They tried to make the Africans feel inferior. They forced the Africans to accept European government, religion, and languages. They drew up colonial boundaries without giving any thought to splitting up tribes. Some of the things the Europeans did in Africa helped the natives. But most of those things were done for the sake of the Europeans. Railway systems, roads, and schools were built and the continent of Africa was opened up to the rest of the world. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2011
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