Reaction of carbohydrates with the sulphuryl chloride-N, N-dimethyl formamide reagent
- Authors: Mabusela, Wilfred Thozamile
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Chemical reactions Carbohydrates
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:3731 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001470
- Description: An investigation of the reaction of the sulphuryl chloride-N, N-dimethyl formamide reagent with several carbohydrate compounds, containing free hydroxyl groups, was undertaken, mainly with the view of looking at substitution of the hydroxyl groups with chlorine atoms. The reaction was found to lead to substitution of both primary and secondary hydroxyl groups with chlorine, with inversion of configuration in the latter case. The reagent was further found to effect formylation and chlorosulphation of secondary hydroxyl groups, where nucleophilic substitution by a chlorine was not favourable. Studies involving the methyl pentopyranosides, showed that the reagent was particularly useful in the chlorosulphation and chlorination of sugars, compared with the hexopyranosides.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Mabusela, Wilfred Thozamile
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Chemical reactions Carbohydrates
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:3731 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001470
- Description: An investigation of the reaction of the sulphuryl chloride-N, N-dimethyl formamide reagent with several carbohydrate compounds, containing free hydroxyl groups, was undertaken, mainly with the view of looking at substitution of the hydroxyl groups with chlorine atoms. The reaction was found to lead to substitution of both primary and secondary hydroxyl groups with chlorine, with inversion of configuration in the latter case. The reagent was further found to effect formylation and chlorosulphation of secondary hydroxyl groups, where nucleophilic substitution by a chlorine was not favourable. Studies involving the methyl pentopyranosides, showed that the reagent was particularly useful in the chlorosulphation and chlorination of sugars, compared with the hexopyranosides.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
Rhodeo: 1982 -
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Grahamstown -- Newspapers , Journalism, Students -- South Africa , Rhodes University -- Activate , Rhodes University -- Students , Student newspapers and periodicals -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:14716 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019588
- Description: Rhodeo is the Independent Student Newspaper of Rhodes University. Located in Grahamstown, Rhodeo was established in 1947, and renamed in 1994 as Activate. During apartheid Rhodeo became an active part of the struggle for freedom of expression as part of the now defunct South African Student Press Union. Currently Activate is committed to informing Rhodes University students, staff and community members about relevant issues, mainly on campus. These issues range from hard news to more creative journalism. While Activate acts as a news source, one of its main objectives it to be accessible as a training ground for student journalists. The newspaper is run entirely by the students and is published twice a term. Activate is a free newspaper which receives an annual grant from the Rhodes University Student Representative Council, however, majority of its revenue is generated through advertising.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Grahamstown -- Newspapers , Journalism, Students -- South Africa , Rhodes University -- Activate , Rhodes University -- Students , Student newspapers and periodicals -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:14716 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019588
- Description: Rhodeo is the Independent Student Newspaper of Rhodes University. Located in Grahamstown, Rhodeo was established in 1947, and renamed in 1994 as Activate. During apartheid Rhodeo became an active part of the struggle for freedom of expression as part of the now defunct South African Student Press Union. Currently Activate is committed to informing Rhodes University students, staff and community members about relevant issues, mainly on campus. These issues range from hard news to more creative journalism. While Activate acts as a news source, one of its main objectives it to be accessible as a training ground for student journalists. The newspaper is run entirely by the students and is published twice a term. Activate is a free newspaper which receives an annual grant from the Rhodes University Student Representative Council, however, majority of its revenue is generated through advertising.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
Rhodeo: 1982 - Saturday: the big race
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Grahamstown -- Newspapers , Journalism, Students -- South Africa , Rhodes University -- Activate , Rhodes University -- Students , Student newspapers and periodicals -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:14717 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019589
- Description: Rhodeo is the Independent Student Newspaper of Rhodes University. Located in Grahamstown, Rhodeo was established in 1947, and renamed in 1994 as Activate. During apartheid Rhodeo became an active part of the struggle for freedom of expression as part of the now defunct South African Student Press Union. Currently Activate is committed to informing Rhodes University students, staff and community members about relevant issues, mainly on campus. These issues range from hard news to more creative journalism. While Activate acts as a news source, one of its main objectives it to be accessible as a training ground for student journalists. The newspaper is run entirely by the students and is published twice a term. Activate is a free newspaper which receives an annual grant from the Rhodes University Student Representative Council, however, majority of its revenue is generated through advertising.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Grahamstown -- Newspapers , Journalism, Students -- South Africa , Rhodes University -- Activate , Rhodes University -- Students , Student newspapers and periodicals -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:14717 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019589
- Description: Rhodeo is the Independent Student Newspaper of Rhodes University. Located in Grahamstown, Rhodeo was established in 1947, and renamed in 1994 as Activate. During apartheid Rhodeo became an active part of the struggle for freedom of expression as part of the now defunct South African Student Press Union. Currently Activate is committed to informing Rhodes University students, staff and community members about relevant issues, mainly on campus. These issues range from hard news to more creative journalism. While Activate acts as a news source, one of its main objectives it to be accessible as a training ground for student journalists. The newspaper is run entirely by the students and is published twice a term. Activate is a free newspaper which receives an annual grant from the Rhodes University Student Representative Council, however, majority of its revenue is generated through advertising.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
Rhodes Universiteit : Nabetragting van 1982 en vooruitsigte vir 1983
- Authors: Henderson, Derek Scott
- Date: 1982
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: text
- Identifier: vital:7576 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018453
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Henderson, Derek Scott
- Date: 1982
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: text
- Identifier: vital:7576 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018453
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
Rhodes University Annual Report 1982
- Authors: Rhodes University
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Rhodes University -- history Rhodes University -- employees Rhodes University -- students
- Language: English
- Identifier: vital:20018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Rhodes University
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Rhodes University -- history Rhodes University -- employees Rhodes University -- students
- Language: English
- Identifier: vital:20018
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
Rhodes University East London Division : Commencement of academic year 1982
- Authors: Henderson, Derek Scott
- Date: 1982
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: vital:7572 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018449
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Henderson, Derek Scott
- Date: 1982
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: vital:7572 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1018449
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
Rhodes University Graduation Ceremony 1982
- Authors: Rhodes University
- Date: 1982
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: vital:8117 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004575
- Description: Rhodes University Graduation Ceremonies on Friday, 16 April 1982 at 8 p.m. [and] on Saturday, 17 April 1982 at 10 a.m. in the 1820 Settlers National Monument.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Rhodes University
- Date: 1982
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: vital:8117 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004575
- Description: Rhodes University Graduation Ceremonies on Friday, 16 April 1982 at 8 p.m. [and] on Saturday, 17 April 1982 at 10 a.m. in the 1820 Settlers National Monument.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
Serranid fishes of Tanzania and Kenya
- Authors: Morgans, J F C
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Serranidae -- Tanzania , Serranidae -- Kenya , Marine fishes -- Tanzania , Marine fishes -- Kenya
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:15003 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019719 , ISSN 0073-4381 , Ichthyological Bulletin of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology; No. 46
- Description: Forty-three species of serranid fishes from Tanzania and Kenya are described and distinguished. Notes on the food, gonad condition, internal parasites, changes with growth, underwater observations of live fish, habitat, and coloration of live or fresh specimens are given for most species. Synoptic synonymies are given for each species, but no attempt was made to resolve taxonomic problems that required examination of type-specimens. , Rhodes University Libraries (Digitisation)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Morgans, J F C
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Serranidae -- Tanzania , Serranidae -- Kenya , Marine fishes -- Tanzania , Marine fishes -- Kenya
- Language: English
- Type: Text
- Identifier: vital:15003 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1019719 , ISSN 0073-4381 , Ichthyological Bulletin of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology; No. 46
- Description: Forty-three species of serranid fishes from Tanzania and Kenya are described and distinguished. Notes on the food, gonad condition, internal parasites, changes with growth, underwater observations of live fish, habitat, and coloration of live or fresh specimens are given for most species. Synoptic synonymies are given for each species, but no attempt was made to resolve taxonomic problems that required examination of type-specimens. , Rhodes University Libraries (Digitisation)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
Some development issues in Ciskei
- Bekker, S B, Black, Philip A, Rouz, A D
- Authors: Bekker, S B , Black, Philip A , Rouz, A D
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Ciskei (South Africa) -- Economic conditions Ciskei (South Africa) -- Economic policy Ciskei (South Africa) -- Population
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2249 , vital:20269 , ISBN 0868100986
- Description: The territory known as Ciskei - an independent national state - and its de facto residents, known as Ciskeians, are the administrative, organisational and financial responsibility of the Ciskei government. As such, this government plans strategies aimed at promoting development for Ciskeians in its territory. Very broadly, 'development' is understood to mean the improvement of the life chances and living conditions of Ciskeians, and of poorer Ciskeians in particular (Ward, 1980). The Ciskei government, by its very nature, thus sees itself as intimately involved in the creation and implementation of a development strategy focussed on its territory. This paper has three interrelated aims. First, a demographic and socio-economic profile of Ciskei will be presented. This will be attempted by using such generally accepted indicators as trends in population, gross national product, unemployment rates, and per capita income. In addition, three types of classification will be introduced to sharpen this profile. Ciskeian resident communities will be grouped together, on the basis of their location and access to productive activities, into (i) urban communities, (ii) rural villages, and (iii) closer settlements. In the second place, cash- -earning workers will be grouped together, on the basis of their places of residence and of work, into (i) Ciskeian workers, (ii) frontier commuters (Riekert, 1979), and (iii) migrants. Finally, a distinction will be drawn between the income accruing to resident Ciskeian households (i) which is earned within Ciskei itself, and (ii) which is earned outside Ciskei. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Bekker, S B , Black, Philip A , Rouz, A D
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Ciskei (South Africa) -- Economic conditions Ciskei (South Africa) -- Economic policy Ciskei (South Africa) -- Population
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2249 , vital:20269 , ISBN 0868100986
- Description: The territory known as Ciskei - an independent national state - and its de facto residents, known as Ciskeians, are the administrative, organisational and financial responsibility of the Ciskei government. As such, this government plans strategies aimed at promoting development for Ciskeians in its territory. Very broadly, 'development' is understood to mean the improvement of the life chances and living conditions of Ciskeians, and of poorer Ciskeians in particular (Ward, 1980). The Ciskei government, by its very nature, thus sees itself as intimately involved in the creation and implementation of a development strategy focussed on its territory. This paper has three interrelated aims. First, a demographic and socio-economic profile of Ciskei will be presented. This will be attempted by using such generally accepted indicators as trends in population, gross national product, unemployment rates, and per capita income. In addition, three types of classification will be introduced to sharpen this profile. Ciskeian resident communities will be grouped together, on the basis of their location and access to productive activities, into (i) urban communities, (ii) rural villages, and (iii) closer settlements. In the second place, cash- -earning workers will be grouped together, on the basis of their places of residence and of work, into (i) Ciskeian workers, (ii) frontier commuters (Riekert, 1979), and (iii) migrants. Finally, a distinction will be drawn between the income accruing to resident Ciskeian households (i) which is earned within Ciskei itself, and (ii) which is earned outside Ciskei. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
Some human and structural constraints on rural development: the Amatola Basin, a Ciskeian case study
- Bekker, S B, de Wet, Christopher J
- Authors: Bekker, S B , de Wet, Christopher J
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Amatola River Watershed (South Africa) Agriculture -- South Africa -- Ciskei Land tenure -- South Africa -- Ciskei Middledrift (South Africa)
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2227 , vital:20267 , ISBN 0868100900
- Description: A rural development project is currently under way in the Amatola Basin, Ciskei. This paper introduces the project and outlines the socio-economic and agricultural conditions current in the area. An overview of present project activities is included. It then attempts to identify a number of potential and actual human and structural constraints operating on the implementation of the project. Such constraints arise out of the existing agricultural system in the project area, as well as out of the state bureaucratic structures operating in Ciskei, and the agency implementing the project itself. One aim is to identify the units involved in dryland cultivation. This is done by tracing ties of cooperation between cultivating households in one Amatola village. It will be shown, in this village at least, that the household does not form the main unit of cultivation. A second aim of this paper is to show that checks on rural development in general should not be sought solely within the area under consideration, but derive to an important degree from outside sources. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
Some human and structural constraints on rural development: the Amatola Basin, a Ciskeian case study
- Authors: Bekker, S B , de Wet, Christopher J
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Amatola River Watershed (South Africa) Agriculture -- South Africa -- Ciskei Land tenure -- South Africa -- Ciskei Middledrift (South Africa)
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2227 , vital:20267 , ISBN 0868100900
- Description: A rural development project is currently under way in the Amatola Basin, Ciskei. This paper introduces the project and outlines the socio-economic and agricultural conditions current in the area. An overview of present project activities is included. It then attempts to identify a number of potential and actual human and structural constraints operating on the implementation of the project. Such constraints arise out of the existing agricultural system in the project area, as well as out of the state bureaucratic structures operating in Ciskei, and the agency implementing the project itself. One aim is to identify the units involved in dryland cultivation. This is done by tracing ties of cooperation between cultivating households in one Amatola village. It will be shown, in this village at least, that the household does not form the main unit of cultivation. A second aim of this paper is to show that checks on rural development in general should not be sought solely within the area under consideration, but derive to an important degree from outside sources. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
Some observations on Wordsworth's achievement in sonnet
- Authors: Gubb, Linette Reay
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Wordsworth, William, 1770-1850. Sonnets
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2270 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006346 , Wordsworth, William, 1770-1850. Sonnets
- Description: From preface: This study seeks to give a perspective on Wordsworth's achievement in sonnet, taking into account all the sonnets he wrote, from the outburst of sonneteering in 1802 to the final decade (1840-1850). My chief concern has been to trace Wordsworth's handling of form and theme throughout his poetic career. A subordinate but related concern has been to try to show that Wordsworth's powers do not diminish after 1815, a date which is sometimes regarded as marking the beginning of the poet's "decline" ~ Wordsworth’s skill in blank verse and in other types of lyric is widely acknowledged; his dexterity in the sonnet form is less well recognized or thought to be limited to fewer poems (usually those of the earlier years) than there actually are. As a result, his performance in sonnet is sometimes underestimated, there being more sonnet concerns and structural patterns than the well-known few reflect. It is possible that Wordsworth's own ambiguous attitude to the genre as expressed in his prose writings, together with his insistence that his sonnets were not amongst the best of his poems, has helped to foster such a view. His practice in sonnet, however, proves that his genius is as evident in some of these poems as it is elsewhere, whether he esteemed them less or not.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Gubb, Linette Reay
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Wordsworth, William, 1770-1850. Sonnets
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2270 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006346 , Wordsworth, William, 1770-1850. Sonnets
- Description: From preface: This study seeks to give a perspective on Wordsworth's achievement in sonnet, taking into account all the sonnets he wrote, from the outburst of sonneteering in 1802 to the final decade (1840-1850). My chief concern has been to trace Wordsworth's handling of form and theme throughout his poetic career. A subordinate but related concern has been to try to show that Wordsworth's powers do not diminish after 1815, a date which is sometimes regarded as marking the beginning of the poet's "decline" ~ Wordsworth’s skill in blank verse and in other types of lyric is widely acknowledged; his dexterity in the sonnet form is less well recognized or thought to be limited to fewer poems (usually those of the earlier years) than there actually are. As a result, his performance in sonnet is sometimes underestimated, there being more sonnet concerns and structural patterns than the well-known few reflect. It is possible that Wordsworth's own ambiguous attitude to the genre as expressed in his prose writings, together with his insistence that his sonnets were not amongst the best of his poems, has helped to foster such a view. His practice in sonnet, however, proves that his genius is as evident in some of these poems as it is elsewhere, whether he esteemed them less or not.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
Synthesis and reactions of sugar chlorosulphates
- Authors: Glass, Beverley Dawn
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Chemical reactions Sugar -- Synthesis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3826 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006145
- Description: Summary: Partially chlorosulphated derivatives were synthesised for the purpose of examining the reactions of the chlorosulphonyloxy group in the presence of free hydroxyl groups. The behaviour of the chlorosulphonyloxy group was investigated under acidic conditions. Since sterically favoured chlorosulphonyloxy groups undergo facile replacement by chlorine to form chlorodeoxy sugars, some compounds possessing chlorosulphonyloxy groups which,due to polar and steric effects are not replaced by chloride,were investigated with a view to possible activation of the unfavourable centres towards nucleophilic substitution, thereby making available previously inaccessible chlorodeoxy sugars.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Glass, Beverley Dawn
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Chemical reactions Sugar -- Synthesis
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3826 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006145
- Description: Summary: Partially chlorosulphated derivatives were synthesised for the purpose of examining the reactions of the chlorosulphonyloxy group in the presence of free hydroxyl groups. The behaviour of the chlorosulphonyloxy group was investigated under acidic conditions. Since sterically favoured chlorosulphonyloxy groups undergo facile replacement by chlorine to form chlorodeoxy sugars, some compounds possessing chlorosulphonyloxy groups which,due to polar and steric effects are not replaced by chloride,were investigated with a view to possible activation of the unfavourable centres towards nucleophilic substitution, thereby making available previously inaccessible chlorodeoxy sugars.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
The development of cello technique in the string quartets of Joseph Haydn with special reference to (a) the various external influences causing this development and (b) the potential use of the cello parts within a teaching situation
- Sholto-Douglas, Ishbel Elizabeth Fraser
- Authors: Sholto-Douglas, Ishbel Elizabeth Fraser
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Haydn, Joseph, 1732-1809 -- Quartets, strings Cello -- Methods Cello -- Instruction and study
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:2666 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005864
- Description: From Introduction: In the middle of the eighteenth century, when Haydn began composing his first string quartets, violin writing was highly advanced and the violin an established solo instrument, its supremacy already firmly endorsed by the Italian Violin Schools of the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. The pace of development of the cello, however, was not comparable to that of the violin, despite the fact that the first cello known to us was made in 1572.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Sholto-Douglas, Ishbel Elizabeth Fraser
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Haydn, Joseph, 1732-1809 -- Quartets, strings Cello -- Methods Cello -- Instruction and study
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:2666 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005864
- Description: From Introduction: In the middle of the eighteenth century, when Haydn began composing his first string quartets, violin writing was highly advanced and the violin an established solo instrument, its supremacy already firmly endorsed by the Italian Violin Schools of the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. The pace of development of the cello, however, was not comparable to that of the violin, despite the fact that the first cello known to us was made in 1572.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
The diaries of Thomas Shone: 1820 settler, 1838-39 and 1850-59
- Authors: Silva, Penny
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Shone, Thomas, 1784-1868 , Shone family , British settlers of 1820 (South Africa) , Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) -- History -- 1814-1852 , Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) -- History -- 1853-1871 , Clumber -- History
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2583 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005799 , Shone, Thomas, 1784-1868 , Shone family , British settlers of 1820 (South Africa) , Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) -- History -- 1814-1852 , Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) -- History -- 1853-1871 , Clumber -- History
- Description: I first read the diaries of Thomas Shone in 1971, when working on manuscripts in the Cory Library, Rhodes University, for the Dictionary of South African English on Historical Principles. The diaries were a significant source of South African English; but more than that, they created a moving and vivid picture of one man's life and personality, which made a deep impression. Written daily (unlike many other settler writings, which are reminiscences), the diaries proved to be a journey into the interior life of Thomas Shone, with all his guilt, pain and occasional joys, documented in his idiosyncratic style. Photographs show Thomas to have been a man with a determined, even hard, mouth, and piercing eyes under rather lowering brows. If he was like his son, Thomas junior, he was "erect and bright", and of the "typical Shone build, rather stumpy and fairly broad." His command of language suggests a good education and a sharp intellect, strangely at variance with his description as a labourer. His writing is imbued with the archaic ring of the King James Bible, and much of the charm of the diaries lies in their movement between the sublime and the mundane, as when Shone breaks a discussion of his need to be faithful to God, to note that "Sarah sat a hen on 22 eggs." Shone's diary is an intensely personal document, yet there are signs that he was at times conscious of a possible audience. His use of the phrase "My friends" to address his readers " is likely to have been part of a convention of the time, rather than overt acknowledgement of the presence of an audience; however at the most personal level of all, his relationship with his mistress, he was not explicit, but employed a form of code (.∶.) Furthermore, there is evidence that he kept a rough diary, from which he later made a neat copy. Thomas began his diary in order to record his attempt to stay away from drink, but his writing soon came to mean more to him than this. He gradually introduced notes on his daily activities, and his temptation to drink became just one part of a personal history. From 5 August 1838, when he first wrote of the loss of his wife, the diary became an important outlet for his misery. Despite his unhappiness, Thomas took delight in the use of sarcasm and wry humour to comment on the foibles of humanity. "Me and Billy went to Mandy's; I cut my thumb and three trees", he wrote; and "Indian corn bread makes my belly ache... (My relations have the mind ache; I believe it is worse than the belly ache.)" "Religion is flying away to other parts as fast as it can; the religion here is money, and Cattle and a covetious Spirit for other men's goods ", he grumbled of the Clumber community. The most effective (and prolonged) use of his gift for sharp conment may be found in his description of the watchnight service at Clumber. Shone seems to have possessed a natural flair for language, and used metaphor and simile to good effect, as in the following examples: "Now am I like a dove that as lost his mate"; Every thing seems quiet; I have still a war in my mind"; "Riches very often finds wing and flys away"; and "My mind is like the troubled sea, never at rest". He often showed an affinity for rhythm and alliteration, probably as a result of his familiarity with Biblical English: "These are my days of grief and sorrow"; "poor poverty"; and "Hard is my fate... all things seem to go contrary, strive which way I will." These examples of language provide a strong contrast with his reporting of everyday activities: Shone changes from one linguistic register into another in his movement from introspective to factual writing. At times Shone achieves an extraordinary vividness in his description of small incidents, as in his stories of encounters with monkeys, or his report of an altercation with his son Jack. One of the loveliest passages is his account of a day spent on his old location at Scott's Bottan. Thomas was "political" only insofar as politics touched his own life. For the political historian the diaries are frustrating; except for his descriptions of the War of Mlanjeni, Shone shows little interest in the wider issues of his time. However, the diaries show the complex web of relationships in a small community, and give insights into commercial interaction, domestic activities, marriage ties, religious attitudes, family behaviour and interpersonal conflicts, all set within the political tensions of the frontier society. As the diaries progressed, and Thomas Shone aged, he weed from being an active participant in the life of the frontier, to being an onlooker and commentator. Possessed of a mind (and tongue) which isolated him from many of his neighbours, he was no doubt also separated from his community by his relationship with Ann Hiscock and by his heavy drinking. The diaries became his vehicle for expressing the inexpressible; and in the end it was religion which gave him solace. It is the "interior" diary which provides much of the fascination which Shone's writings hold for the modern reader. Professor Guy Butler has pointed out that writing was a secondary activity for the settlers, whose chief preoccupation was survival in a difficult environment. Shone's diaries certainly reflect his economic struggle; but it is their portrayal of his pilgrimage through life which makes them remarkable.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Silva, Penny
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Shone, Thomas, 1784-1868 , Shone family , British settlers of 1820 (South Africa) , Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) -- History -- 1814-1852 , Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) -- History -- 1853-1871 , Clumber -- History
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:2583 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005799 , Shone, Thomas, 1784-1868 , Shone family , British settlers of 1820 (South Africa) , Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) -- History -- 1814-1852 , Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) -- History -- 1853-1871 , Clumber -- History
- Description: I first read the diaries of Thomas Shone in 1971, when working on manuscripts in the Cory Library, Rhodes University, for the Dictionary of South African English on Historical Principles. The diaries were a significant source of South African English; but more than that, they created a moving and vivid picture of one man's life and personality, which made a deep impression. Written daily (unlike many other settler writings, which are reminiscences), the diaries proved to be a journey into the interior life of Thomas Shone, with all his guilt, pain and occasional joys, documented in his idiosyncratic style. Photographs show Thomas to have been a man with a determined, even hard, mouth, and piercing eyes under rather lowering brows. If he was like his son, Thomas junior, he was "erect and bright", and of the "typical Shone build, rather stumpy and fairly broad." His command of language suggests a good education and a sharp intellect, strangely at variance with his description as a labourer. His writing is imbued with the archaic ring of the King James Bible, and much of the charm of the diaries lies in their movement between the sublime and the mundane, as when Shone breaks a discussion of his need to be faithful to God, to note that "Sarah sat a hen on 22 eggs." Shone's diary is an intensely personal document, yet there are signs that he was at times conscious of a possible audience. His use of the phrase "My friends" to address his readers " is likely to have been part of a convention of the time, rather than overt acknowledgement of the presence of an audience; however at the most personal level of all, his relationship with his mistress, he was not explicit, but employed a form of code (.∶.) Furthermore, there is evidence that he kept a rough diary, from which he later made a neat copy. Thomas began his diary in order to record his attempt to stay away from drink, but his writing soon came to mean more to him than this. He gradually introduced notes on his daily activities, and his temptation to drink became just one part of a personal history. From 5 August 1838, when he first wrote of the loss of his wife, the diary became an important outlet for his misery. Despite his unhappiness, Thomas took delight in the use of sarcasm and wry humour to comment on the foibles of humanity. "Me and Billy went to Mandy's; I cut my thumb and three trees", he wrote; and "Indian corn bread makes my belly ache... (My relations have the mind ache; I believe it is worse than the belly ache.)" "Religion is flying away to other parts as fast as it can; the religion here is money, and Cattle and a covetious Spirit for other men's goods ", he grumbled of the Clumber community. The most effective (and prolonged) use of his gift for sharp conment may be found in his description of the watchnight service at Clumber. Shone seems to have possessed a natural flair for language, and used metaphor and simile to good effect, as in the following examples: "Now am I like a dove that as lost his mate"; Every thing seems quiet; I have still a war in my mind"; "Riches very often finds wing and flys away"; and "My mind is like the troubled sea, never at rest". He often showed an affinity for rhythm and alliteration, probably as a result of his familiarity with Biblical English: "These are my days of grief and sorrow"; "poor poverty"; and "Hard is my fate... all things seem to go contrary, strive which way I will." These examples of language provide a strong contrast with his reporting of everyday activities: Shone changes from one linguistic register into another in his movement from introspective to factual writing. At times Shone achieves an extraordinary vividness in his description of small incidents, as in his stories of encounters with monkeys, or his report of an altercation with his son Jack. One of the loveliest passages is his account of a day spent on his old location at Scott's Bottan. Thomas was "political" only insofar as politics touched his own life. For the political historian the diaries are frustrating; except for his descriptions of the War of Mlanjeni, Shone shows little interest in the wider issues of his time. However, the diaries show the complex web of relationships in a small community, and give insights into commercial interaction, domestic activities, marriage ties, religious attitudes, family behaviour and interpersonal conflicts, all set within the political tensions of the frontier society. As the diaries progressed, and Thomas Shone aged, he weed from being an active participant in the life of the frontier, to being an onlooker and commentator. Possessed of a mind (and tongue) which isolated him from many of his neighbours, he was no doubt also separated from his community by his relationship with Ann Hiscock and by his heavy drinking. The diaries became his vehicle for expressing the inexpressible; and in the end it was religion which gave him solace. It is the "interior" diary which provides much of the fascination which Shone's writings hold for the modern reader. Professor Guy Butler has pointed out that writing was a secondary activity for the settlers, whose chief preoccupation was survival in a difficult environment. Shone's diaries certainly reflect his economic struggle; but it is their portrayal of his pilgrimage through life which makes them remarkable.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
The ecology and control of Opuntia Aurantiaca in South Africa in relation to the cochineal insect, Dactylopius Austrinus
- Authors: Zimmermann, Helmuth G
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Cochineal insect -- South Africa Cactus -- South Africa Weeds -- Control -- South Africa Insect-plant relationships
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5612 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003061
- Description: The cochineal insect Dactylopius austrinus De Lotto, which was released on jointed cactus, Opuntia aurantiaca Lindley, in South Africa in 1932, failed to bring the weed under an acceptable level of control in spite of the encouraging results during the first few years after release. The reasons for this apparent failure were never clearly understood. In 1957 the State embarked on an intensive herbicidal control programme which is still in force today. This sustained and expensive programme has undoubtedly reduced the density of the weed in most areas but has failed to solve the problem and the plant continues to expand its range. The biological control of o. aurantiaca in South Africa has been fundamentally influenced by this chemical control campaign. The relationship between chemical and biological control methods is reported in this study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Zimmermann, Helmuth G
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Cochineal insect -- South Africa Cactus -- South Africa Weeds -- Control -- South Africa Insect-plant relationships
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5612 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003061
- Description: The cochineal insect Dactylopius austrinus De Lotto, which was released on jointed cactus, Opuntia aurantiaca Lindley, in South Africa in 1932, failed to bring the weed under an acceptable level of control in spite of the encouraging results during the first few years after release. The reasons for this apparent failure were never clearly understood. In 1957 the State embarked on an intensive herbicidal control programme which is still in force today. This sustained and expensive programme has undoubtedly reduced the density of the weed in most areas but has failed to solve the problem and the plant continues to expand its range. The biological control of o. aurantiaca in South Africa has been fundamentally influenced by this chemical control campaign. The relationship between chemical and biological control methods is reported in this study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
The factors affecting the interpretation of geochemical surveys in mineral exploration
- Authors: Fletcher, B A
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Geochemistry , Geochemistry -- Environmental aspects , Mining geology , Minerals , Ore deposits , Geochemical prospecting
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5014 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006142
- Description: [From introduction] Exploration geochemistry is an indirect method of detecting mineral deposits by measuring the abundance and distribution of ore elements and elements closely associated with ore in natural materials at or near the earth's surface. The method relies on the assumption that a mineral deposit is reflected by unusual element abundances or distribution patterns (geochemical halos), and that these indications of mineralization can be detected by geochemical surveys involving the collection and analysis of natural materials. The interpretation of geochemical surveys in mineral exploration involves: 1) The use of geological and statistical inference, based on a knowledge of the normal behaviour and distribution of indicator elements in the exploration area, to recognize apparent geochemical anomalies in field and analytical data and to predict the type of geochemical halo reflected by the anomalies. 11) The use of geological inference, based on a knowledge of the characteristics of geochemical halos and their relationship to mineral deposits, to predict the presence and probable location of an ore body. The interpretation process is, however, complicated by the absence of a simple universal formula that relates the abundance and distribution of elements in natural materials to the presence or absence of a mineral deposit. The interpretation of a geochemical survey must, thus, be based on an empirical approach which avaluates each survey as an individual problem. The objective of this dissertation is to illustrate the factors affecting the "nuts and bolts" approach to the interpretation of geochemical surveys in mineral exploration. The discussion is aimed at providing field geologists responsible -for the planning and execution of geochemical surveys with some basic guidelines for interpreting the surveys. I hope that the contents of this dissertation will help field geologists to "look in the last place first".
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Fletcher, B A
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Geochemistry , Geochemistry -- Environmental aspects , Mining geology , Minerals , Ore deposits , Geochemical prospecting
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5014 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006142
- Description: [From introduction] Exploration geochemistry is an indirect method of detecting mineral deposits by measuring the abundance and distribution of ore elements and elements closely associated with ore in natural materials at or near the earth's surface. The method relies on the assumption that a mineral deposit is reflected by unusual element abundances or distribution patterns (geochemical halos), and that these indications of mineralization can be detected by geochemical surveys involving the collection and analysis of natural materials. The interpretation of geochemical surveys in mineral exploration involves: 1) The use of geological and statistical inference, based on a knowledge of the normal behaviour and distribution of indicator elements in the exploration area, to recognize apparent geochemical anomalies in field and analytical data and to predict the type of geochemical halo reflected by the anomalies. 11) The use of geological inference, based on a knowledge of the characteristics of geochemical halos and their relationship to mineral deposits, to predict the presence and probable location of an ore body. The interpretation process is, however, complicated by the absence of a simple universal formula that relates the abundance and distribution of elements in natural materials to the presence or absence of a mineral deposit. The interpretation of a geochemical survey must, thus, be based on an empirical approach which avaluates each survey as an individual problem. The objective of this dissertation is to illustrate the factors affecting the "nuts and bolts" approach to the interpretation of geochemical surveys in mineral exploration. The discussion is aimed at providing field geologists responsible -for the planning and execution of geochemical surveys with some basic guidelines for interpreting the surveys. I hope that the contents of this dissertation will help field geologists to "look in the last place first".
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
The factors which influence algal growth in the P.K. le Roux impoundment, Orange River, South Africa
- Authors: Selkirk, Wayne Thomas
- Date: 1982
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5798 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005900
- Description: Introduction: In South Africa, much of the work on algal limitation in man-made lakes has centered on nutrients rather than the possible effects of physical factors such as turbidity.In order to determine which is the most important factor in algal limitation in the turbid Orange River system, a comprehensive study of spatial and seasonal changes of the following factors was undertaken in the P.K. Ie Roux impoundment: trace elements , silicon, nitrate, phosphate, total phosphate, phytoplankton standing stock, total suspended solids, secthi disc transparency, light attenuation and the spectral quality of the light. None of the chemical factors appeared to be in short supply but the shallowness of the euphotic zone (0.8 m) had two effects. Firstly. the quantity of light in the upper 1.5 metres was extremely small due to the rapid attenuation of the light by silt. Secondly. the quality of the light was poor due to the selective screening of the shorter wavelengths of light. Once light limitation had been implicated as an important factor in the control of phytoplankton stocks a series of column experiments were used to demonstrate that increased circulation rate. and therefore a higher light dosage. would elevate the algal standing stocks without the addition of nutrients. It was demonstrated that light. as a result of the negative effects of turbidity was the principal cause of low algal standing stocks within the impoundment. and not nutrients as has previously been suggested by other workers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
The factors which influence algal growth in the P.K. le Roux impoundment, Orange River, South Africa
- Authors: Selkirk, Wayne Thomas
- Date: 1982
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5798 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005900
- Description: Introduction: In South Africa, much of the work on algal limitation in man-made lakes has centered on nutrients rather than the possible effects of physical factors such as turbidity.In order to determine which is the most important factor in algal limitation in the turbid Orange River system, a comprehensive study of spatial and seasonal changes of the following factors was undertaken in the P.K. Ie Roux impoundment: trace elements , silicon, nitrate, phosphate, total phosphate, phytoplankton standing stock, total suspended solids, secthi disc transparency, light attenuation and the spectral quality of the light. None of the chemical factors appeared to be in short supply but the shallowness of the euphotic zone (0.8 m) had two effects. Firstly. the quantity of light in the upper 1.5 metres was extremely small due to the rapid attenuation of the light by silt. Secondly. the quality of the light was poor due to the selective screening of the shorter wavelengths of light. Once light limitation had been implicated as an important factor in the control of phytoplankton stocks a series of column experiments were used to demonstrate that increased circulation rate. and therefore a higher light dosage. would elevate the algal standing stocks without the addition of nutrients. It was demonstrated that light. as a result of the negative effects of turbidity was the principal cause of low algal standing stocks within the impoundment. and not nutrients as has previously been suggested by other workers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
The gastric morphology of the white-tailed rat Mystromys Albicaudatus (A.Smith 1834) and preliminary investigation of its digestive processes
- Authors: Maddock, Anthony Hamilton
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Rats -- Physiology Digestion
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5603 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002053
- Description: The gastric morphology of the white-tailed rat M. albicaudatus - was described in detail. The bilocular hemiglandular stomach consists of a papillated corpus, non-glandular PGP and glandular antrum. The antrum contains cardiac, fundic and PJ loric glands (suggesting limited glandular reduction during gastric evolution) while the FCE and PGP are lined with orthokeratin. The corpal papillae, which increase surface area for microbial attachment, have undergone a different type of keratinisation called physiological hyperkeratosis. Streptococci, Lactobacilli and unidentified anaerobic bacilli (which colonise papillary microhabitats) are autochthonous in the stomach of M. albicaudatus but P. vulgaris and Ps. flourescens are probably autochthonous. Early gastric development is innate but the rapid development of PB into papillae between 15 and 17 days suggests the presence of allogenic growth stimuli: possibly mechanical abrasion by solid food, low chalone concentration in the papillary basal cells and the influence of the APB. Stimulation by VFA presence, however, is unlikely due to the low concentration of these acids in the stomach (Summary, p. 225)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Maddock, Anthony Hamilton
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Rats -- Physiology Digestion
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5603 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002053
- Description: The gastric morphology of the white-tailed rat M. albicaudatus - was described in detail. The bilocular hemiglandular stomach consists of a papillated corpus, non-glandular PGP and glandular antrum. The antrum contains cardiac, fundic and PJ loric glands (suggesting limited glandular reduction during gastric evolution) while the FCE and PGP are lined with orthokeratin. The corpal papillae, which increase surface area for microbial attachment, have undergone a different type of keratinisation called physiological hyperkeratosis. Streptococci, Lactobacilli and unidentified anaerobic bacilli (which colonise papillary microhabitats) are autochthonous in the stomach of M. albicaudatus but P. vulgaris and Ps. flourescens are probably autochthonous. Early gastric development is innate but the rapid development of PB into papillae between 15 and 17 days suggests the presence of allogenic growth stimuli: possibly mechanical abrasion by solid food, low chalone concentration in the papillary basal cells and the influence of the APB. Stimulation by VFA presence, however, is unlikely due to the low concentration of these acids in the stomach (Summary, p. 225)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
The geology, geochemistry and silicate mineralogy of the upper criticial zone of the north-western Bushveld Complex, at Rustenburg Platinum Mines, Union Section
- Authors: De Klerk, William Johan
- Date: 1982 , 2013-03-20
- Subjects: Mineralogy -- South Africa -- North-Western Transvaal , Geochemistry -- South Africa -- North-Western Transvaal , Geology -- South Africa -- North-Western Transvaal , Platinum mines and mining -- South Africa -- North-Western Transvaal , Rustenburg Platinum Mines
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5013 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006140 , Mineralogy -- South Africa -- North-Western Transvaal , Geochemistry -- South Africa -- North-Western Transvaal , Geology -- South Africa -- North-Western Transvaal , Platinum mines and mining -- South Africa -- North-Western Transvaal , Rustenburg Platinum Mines
- Description: Rustenburg Platinum Mines, Union Section, is located in the mafic phase of the north-western sector of the Bushveld Complex. This part of the Complex is characterised by transgressions of Upper zone ferrogabbros across the lower sequence of mafic rocks. These transgressions have effectively isolated a roughly triangular segment of Lower, Critical and Main zone rocks. It is in the upper part of the Critical zone that the Merensky Reef, with a strike length of 9,5 km, is found to suboutcrop below a 2-3 m black turf soil cover and it constitutes the orebody being mined at Union Section. Underground mining and development have exposed a stratigraphic succession from the Middle Group chromitites to within the lower part of the Main zone gabbros. A detailed investigation of a 100 m stratigraphic succession was undertaken in the upper part of the Critical zone, which includes the Bastard Reef, Merensky Reef, Pseudo Reef, UG 2 and UG 1 layers. Stratigraphic descriptions are presented for both a normal and potholed succession, as well as a description of pothole characteristics. The variations of Merensky Reef thickness, pothole distribution and structure of the are body are also discussed. Forty seven whole-rock major- and trace-element analyses were carried out on selected samples from both normal and potholed successions, although more emphasis was placed on the former. These samples were taken from just below the UG 1 to above the Bastard Reef. Trace elements determined included Sr, Rb, Y, Nb, Zr, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu and V. The cyclical nature of the layering is clearly defined by breaks in the trends of both the major- and trace element analyses, although some elements are strongly influenced by the modal proportions of the mai n mineral phases. Although major breaks are observed for individual elements , insignificant variation of the Mg/Mg+Fe 2 + ratio is observed throughout. New electron microprobe data are presented for the main silicate phases olivine , orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and plagioclase , while only a limi ted number of analyses were carried out on the spine l phase. There would appear to be a reversal of the expected fractionation trend from the hanging wal l of the UG 2 to the Pseudo Marker layer. There is an upward increase of the Fo content of the olivine from F0₇₆ , ₇₋₈₁,₆ . A similar trend is observed for the orthopyroxene analyses . The Merensky unit, as a whole, exhibits a gradual decrease in the Mg end member of the Ca-poor pyroxenes from En ₇₈,₅₋₇₄ . was found to be markedly more calcic Cumulus plagioclase (An ₇₂, ₈-₈₁, ₇) than the intercumulus phase (An₅₆,₃₋₇₁, ₉) ' A further feature of the cumulus plagioclase is that strong zonation was observed with the cores of individual crystals being consistently lower in Ca relative to their margins . , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.53 Paper Capture Plug-in
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: De Klerk, William Johan
- Date: 1982 , 2013-03-20
- Subjects: Mineralogy -- South Africa -- North-Western Transvaal , Geochemistry -- South Africa -- North-Western Transvaal , Geology -- South Africa -- North-Western Transvaal , Platinum mines and mining -- South Africa -- North-Western Transvaal , Rustenburg Platinum Mines
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5013 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006140 , Mineralogy -- South Africa -- North-Western Transvaal , Geochemistry -- South Africa -- North-Western Transvaal , Geology -- South Africa -- North-Western Transvaal , Platinum mines and mining -- South Africa -- North-Western Transvaal , Rustenburg Platinum Mines
- Description: Rustenburg Platinum Mines, Union Section, is located in the mafic phase of the north-western sector of the Bushveld Complex. This part of the Complex is characterised by transgressions of Upper zone ferrogabbros across the lower sequence of mafic rocks. These transgressions have effectively isolated a roughly triangular segment of Lower, Critical and Main zone rocks. It is in the upper part of the Critical zone that the Merensky Reef, with a strike length of 9,5 km, is found to suboutcrop below a 2-3 m black turf soil cover and it constitutes the orebody being mined at Union Section. Underground mining and development have exposed a stratigraphic succession from the Middle Group chromitites to within the lower part of the Main zone gabbros. A detailed investigation of a 100 m stratigraphic succession was undertaken in the upper part of the Critical zone, which includes the Bastard Reef, Merensky Reef, Pseudo Reef, UG 2 and UG 1 layers. Stratigraphic descriptions are presented for both a normal and potholed succession, as well as a description of pothole characteristics. The variations of Merensky Reef thickness, pothole distribution and structure of the are body are also discussed. Forty seven whole-rock major- and trace-element analyses were carried out on selected samples from both normal and potholed successions, although more emphasis was placed on the former. These samples were taken from just below the UG 1 to above the Bastard Reef. Trace elements determined included Sr, Rb, Y, Nb, Zr, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu and V. The cyclical nature of the layering is clearly defined by breaks in the trends of both the major- and trace element analyses, although some elements are strongly influenced by the modal proportions of the mai n mineral phases. Although major breaks are observed for individual elements , insignificant variation of the Mg/Mg+Fe 2 + ratio is observed throughout. New electron microprobe data are presented for the main silicate phases olivine , orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and plagioclase , while only a limi ted number of analyses were carried out on the spine l phase. There would appear to be a reversal of the expected fractionation trend from the hanging wal l of the UG 2 to the Pseudo Marker layer. There is an upward increase of the Fo content of the olivine from F0₇₆ , ₇₋₈₁,₆ . A similar trend is observed for the orthopyroxene analyses . The Merensky unit, as a whole, exhibits a gradual decrease in the Mg end member of the Ca-poor pyroxenes from En ₇₈,₅₋₇₄ . was found to be markedly more calcic Cumulus plagioclase (An ₇₂, ₈-₈₁, ₇) than the intercumulus phase (An₅₆,₃₋₇₁, ₉) ' A further feature of the cumulus plagioclase is that strong zonation was observed with the cores of individual crystals being consistently lower in Ca relative to their margins . , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.53 Paper Capture Plug-in
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
The influence of sex steroids on pineal enzymes
- Authors: Daya, Santylal
- Date: 1982 , 2013-03-28
- Subjects: Steroid hormones , Pineal gland , Testosterone , Progesterone
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:3808 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003720 , Steroid hormones , Pineal gland , Testosterone , Progesterone
- Description: The influence of the gonadal sex steroids namely, estradiol, progesterone and testosterone on the two major enzymes responsible for the synthesis of melatonin in the pineal gland was investigated. These enzymes are Serotonin-N-acetyltransferase (SNAT) and Hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (Hl0MT). Testosterone was found to be the only sex steroid capable of influencing SNAT activity whereas all three of the sex steroids were found to influence Hl0MT activity in a biphasic dose-dependent manner. The influence of these sex steroids on radiolabeled serotonin metabolism by pineals in organ culture was also investigated. Ovariectomy, castration and the sex steroids were all found to alter the pattern of the radiolabeled serotonin metabolism by these pineal glands in organ culture. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.53 Paper Capture Plug-in
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Daya, Santylal
- Date: 1982 , 2013-03-28
- Subjects: Steroid hormones , Pineal gland , Testosterone , Progesterone
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:3808 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003720 , Steroid hormones , Pineal gland , Testosterone , Progesterone
- Description: The influence of the gonadal sex steroids namely, estradiol, progesterone and testosterone on the two major enzymes responsible for the synthesis of melatonin in the pineal gland was investigated. These enzymes are Serotonin-N-acetyltransferase (SNAT) and Hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (Hl0MT). Testosterone was found to be the only sex steroid capable of influencing SNAT activity whereas all three of the sex steroids were found to influence Hl0MT activity in a biphasic dose-dependent manner. The influence of these sex steroids on radiolabeled serotonin metabolism by pineals in organ culture was also investigated. Ovariectomy, castration and the sex steroids were all found to alter the pattern of the radiolabeled serotonin metabolism by these pineal glands in organ culture. , KMBT_363 , Adobe Acrobat 9.53 Paper Capture Plug-in
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982