Exploring the perceptions of coloured Christian lesbian Women of the influence of Christianity on their identity development
- Authors: Grootboom, Kim Jodie
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Lesbians -- Counseling of. , Homosexuality -- Religious aspect , Gays -- Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63857 , vital:73620
- Description: South Africa is a nation of which the greater number of its citizens are followers of the Christian faith. Coloured people form part of this population, as the majority of Coloured people in South Africa consider themselves to be Christians. In the Christian faith, homosexuality is considered to be a sin and is frowned upon which may result in difficulty navigating identity development of members of the LGBTQIA+ community. This conflict may, in turn, greatly affect the identity development and overall wellness of these individuals who may want to hold onto a religious identify, but are in conflict, as their sexuality falls outside of what is considered acceptable. This research study sought to explore the perceptions of South African Coloured lesbian women, who follow Christianity, regarding the influence of religion on their identity development. This exploration was considered necessary as it contributes to a gap in the literature on the influence that religion has on identity development for a queer person. The research study was qualitative in nature and research participants were recruited by way of the purposive sampling strategy and 12 participants were interviewed. Semi-structured virtual interviews were conducted as the data collection tool to the research study. Ethical clearance to conduct this study, informed consent, voluntary participation, the right to withdraw participation from the research study, anonymity and confidentiality, and no harm of the participants are the ethical points that this study adhered to. The research study used thematic analysis to identify patterns in the data and Braun and Clarke’s data analysis technique was employed. The trustworthiness of this study, was guided by Lincoln and Guba’s four constructs; credibility, dependability, transferability and confirmability. The themes identified in this study were as follows: 1) The imposition on identity (subthemes of guilt and confusion; feelings of being lost and isolated); 2) The significance of race in prejudice against lesbian women; 3) Spiritual transition. The main finding of the aforementioned themes included an underlying understanding amongst they have at some point experienced uneasiness to “coming out” for fear of judgement as Christian lesbians. Although some participants were able to navigate through their identity development, they have experienced confusion and conflict in accepting all the different facets of their identity, simultaneously, due to judgement of other Christians who have imposed a “choose one or the other” mindset upon them. In addition, added minority stress within race factors were identified as a pinning point amongst participants, who felt that their experiences within their sexuality and religious interactions would be different, if they were other races. This highlights the triple minority stress that is faced by marginalised communities in South Africa. Finally, the participants expressed a transition away from religious communities, to a more spiritual relationship with their God, signifying a shift in religious interaction. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Science, School of Behavioural & Lifestyle Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Grootboom, Kim Jodie
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Lesbians -- Counseling of. , Homosexuality -- Religious aspect , Gays -- Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63857 , vital:73620
- Description: South Africa is a nation of which the greater number of its citizens are followers of the Christian faith. Coloured people form part of this population, as the majority of Coloured people in South Africa consider themselves to be Christians. In the Christian faith, homosexuality is considered to be a sin and is frowned upon which may result in difficulty navigating identity development of members of the LGBTQIA+ community. This conflict may, in turn, greatly affect the identity development and overall wellness of these individuals who may want to hold onto a religious identify, but are in conflict, as their sexuality falls outside of what is considered acceptable. This research study sought to explore the perceptions of South African Coloured lesbian women, who follow Christianity, regarding the influence of religion on their identity development. This exploration was considered necessary as it contributes to a gap in the literature on the influence that religion has on identity development for a queer person. The research study was qualitative in nature and research participants were recruited by way of the purposive sampling strategy and 12 participants were interviewed. Semi-structured virtual interviews were conducted as the data collection tool to the research study. Ethical clearance to conduct this study, informed consent, voluntary participation, the right to withdraw participation from the research study, anonymity and confidentiality, and no harm of the participants are the ethical points that this study adhered to. The research study used thematic analysis to identify patterns in the data and Braun and Clarke’s data analysis technique was employed. The trustworthiness of this study, was guided by Lincoln and Guba’s four constructs; credibility, dependability, transferability and confirmability. The themes identified in this study were as follows: 1) The imposition on identity (subthemes of guilt and confusion; feelings of being lost and isolated); 2) The significance of race in prejudice against lesbian women; 3) Spiritual transition. The main finding of the aforementioned themes included an underlying understanding amongst they have at some point experienced uneasiness to “coming out” for fear of judgement as Christian lesbians. Although some participants were able to navigate through their identity development, they have experienced confusion and conflict in accepting all the different facets of their identity, simultaneously, due to judgement of other Christians who have imposed a “choose one or the other” mindset upon them. In addition, added minority stress within race factors were identified as a pinning point amongst participants, who felt that their experiences within their sexuality and religious interactions would be different, if they were other races. This highlights the triple minority stress that is faced by marginalised communities in South Africa. Finally, the participants expressed a transition away from religious communities, to a more spiritual relationship with their God, signifying a shift in religious interaction. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Science, School of Behavioural & Lifestyle Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Exploring the psychological effects of children exposed to domestic violence: a scoping review
- Authors: Mudau, Adivhaho
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Family violence -- South Africa , Victims of family violence -- South Africa , Abused children -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63893 , vital:73623
- Description: An intergenerational sequence of violence exists within families such that children’s direct or indirect experience to domestic violence may result in psychological and behavioural effects in their adulthood. In addition to the implications on children’s emotional and psychological well-being, exposure to domestic violence seems detrimental to children’s expression of emotions. This study aimed to synthesize the type of evidence available on the psychological and emotional effects of domestic violence on children exposed to such experiences. By means of a scoping methodological framework, previously published literature addressing the psychological trauma that children experience due to the exposure to domestic violence was identified. Findings indicate that the consequences on children who have been exposed to domestic violence are broad and can be determined by various factors such as the child’s temperament, environment and genetic predispositions. In this study, 218 studies were screened, with 24 studies assessed for eligibility, whereby only 18 studies met the inclusion criteria for the study. in addition, through the discussion of themes below, it is evident that various factors such as age, cultural differences, gender, etc., play a significant role on how various children can be psychologically affected from exposure to domestic violence. While previous studies have focused on the psychological impacts of domestic violence on the direct victims, the study highlights the gap and attention that should be given to these children, and further encourages limited physical, emotional and any other form of violence that can occur and be potentially harmful to the children exposed to the domestic violence. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Science, School Behavioural & Lifestyle Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Mudau, Adivhaho
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Family violence -- South Africa , Victims of family violence -- South Africa , Abused children -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63893 , vital:73623
- Description: An intergenerational sequence of violence exists within families such that children’s direct or indirect experience to domestic violence may result in psychological and behavioural effects in their adulthood. In addition to the implications on children’s emotional and psychological well-being, exposure to domestic violence seems detrimental to children’s expression of emotions. This study aimed to synthesize the type of evidence available on the psychological and emotional effects of domestic violence on children exposed to such experiences. By means of a scoping methodological framework, previously published literature addressing the psychological trauma that children experience due to the exposure to domestic violence was identified. Findings indicate that the consequences on children who have been exposed to domestic violence are broad and can be determined by various factors such as the child’s temperament, environment and genetic predispositions. In this study, 218 studies were screened, with 24 studies assessed for eligibility, whereby only 18 studies met the inclusion criteria for the study. in addition, through the discussion of themes below, it is evident that various factors such as age, cultural differences, gender, etc., play a significant role on how various children can be psychologically affected from exposure to domestic violence. While previous studies have focused on the psychological impacts of domestic violence on the direct victims, the study highlights the gap and attention that should be given to these children, and further encourages limited physical, emotional and any other form of violence that can occur and be potentially harmful to the children exposed to the domestic violence. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Science, School Behavioural & Lifestyle Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Exploring the views of selected, unafflicted women from Walvis bay and Windhoek, Namibia, regarding intimate partner killing and its effect on their well-being.
- Authors: Amadhila,Luise Utuhole
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Intimate partner violence , Gender-based violence , Post-traumatic stress disorder in women
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63653 , vital:73575
- Description: Intimate Partner Killing (IPK), popularly known as passion killing in certain regions, such as in southern parts of Africa, Europe, and America, and also referred to as intimate partner homicide, is a global concern. In Namibia, the rate at which men take the lives of their intimate partners due to failed romantic relationships has sparked apprehension within the communities. This study delves into the perspectives of unafflicted women in Namibia, shedding light on the broader impact of intimate partner killing on female well-being. Using a qualitative approach, the study conducted face-to-face, semi-structured interviews with 14 participants. Grounded theory was applied to analyse the collected data and form categories from it. The data were transcribed and analysed using codes, thematic analysis, and interpretation. The theoretical frameworks intersectionality theory, social feminist theory, structuralist theory and systems theory underpin this study. The findings reveal that intimate partner killing severely affects women’s mental health, leading to vicarious trauma characterised by fear and anxiety. Participants reported difficulty experiencing positive emotions in their romantic relationships due to the pervasive uncertainty of this growing issue. Intimate partner killing leaves women feeling scared, unsafe, and traumatised, often prompting them to exercise extreme caution in their relationships to avoid becoming victims themselves. Symptoms such as feeling unsafe, scared, and traumatised align with post-traumatic stress and generalised anxiety. The study recommends implementing policy interventions and stringent laws in Namibia to prevent or discourage men from resorting to violence against their loved ones. Moreover, establishing assistance centres staffed with social work and mental health professionals is crucial to counselling and supporting women experiencing post-traumatic stress and anxiety resulting from intimate partner violence. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of behavioural Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Amadhila,Luise Utuhole
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Intimate partner violence , Gender-based violence , Post-traumatic stress disorder in women
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63653 , vital:73575
- Description: Intimate Partner Killing (IPK), popularly known as passion killing in certain regions, such as in southern parts of Africa, Europe, and America, and also referred to as intimate partner homicide, is a global concern. In Namibia, the rate at which men take the lives of their intimate partners due to failed romantic relationships has sparked apprehension within the communities. This study delves into the perspectives of unafflicted women in Namibia, shedding light on the broader impact of intimate partner killing on female well-being. Using a qualitative approach, the study conducted face-to-face, semi-structured interviews with 14 participants. Grounded theory was applied to analyse the collected data and form categories from it. The data were transcribed and analysed using codes, thematic analysis, and interpretation. The theoretical frameworks intersectionality theory, social feminist theory, structuralist theory and systems theory underpin this study. The findings reveal that intimate partner killing severely affects women’s mental health, leading to vicarious trauma characterised by fear and anxiety. Participants reported difficulty experiencing positive emotions in their romantic relationships due to the pervasive uncertainty of this growing issue. Intimate partner killing leaves women feeling scared, unsafe, and traumatised, often prompting them to exercise extreme caution in their relationships to avoid becoming victims themselves. Symptoms such as feeling unsafe, scared, and traumatised align with post-traumatic stress and generalised anxiety. The study recommends implementing policy interventions and stringent laws in Namibia to prevent or discourage men from resorting to violence against their loved ones. Moreover, establishing assistance centres staffed with social work and mental health professionals is crucial to counselling and supporting women experiencing post-traumatic stress and anxiety resulting from intimate partner violence. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of behavioural Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Implementation of the world health organization surgical safety checklist in the operating room in a private hospital in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality
- Authors: Obeng, Emelia
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: World Health Organization , Operating room nursing , Preoperative care
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63517 , vital:73384
- Description: The World Health Organisation Surgical Safety Checklist (WHO SSC) was developed to improve teamwork among healthcare professionals and ensure consistent use of safety processes in the operating room (Abbott et al., 2018: 147). The WHO SSC has successfully reduced common and avoidable surgical errors relating to nerve cutting, among others (Jain et al., 2018:7). However, the implementation of the WHO SSC has not been widely acknowledged in South Africa due to specific barriers (Koopman, 2018: 20; Sauls, 2019: 15). To this end, the aim of this study was two-fold: (i) to determine the factors that contribute to the implementation of the WHO SSC among operating room healthcare professionals and (ii) to develop a contextually appropriate process implementation guide that may be used to facilitate utilisation of the WHO SSC in a private operating room healthcare facility. A non-experimental descriptive quantitative approach underpinned by positivism and a descriptive exploratory survey was used to study the factors contributing to implementing the WHO SSC. A self-reported questionnaire was used as the method for data collection. Purposive sampling was adopted by selecting all the 130 operating room staff directly involved in completing the WHO SSC. All 130 respondents completed and returned the questionnaire. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package Software for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 28.0 for Windows (IBM Corp, 2021). The study described four factors (i.e. awareness, relative advantage, complexity, and usability) contributing to the implementation of the WHO SSC. The analysis revealed a significant inter-relationship between two factors (i.e. relative advantage and awareness) and characteristics of the operating room healthcare professionals (regarding highest qualification, current age and work experience). The study’s main contribution to the existing body of knowledge is the proposed process-oriented implementation guide, including a readiness assessment template for effective implementation of the WHO SSC. It is recommended that good knowledge of the WHO SSC should be created by making operating room healthcare professionals aware of the arrangements and interventions by the private hospital to implement the WHO SSC. , Thesis (MCur) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical care & medicinal sciences , 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Obeng, Emelia
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: World Health Organization , Operating room nursing , Preoperative care
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63517 , vital:73384
- Description: The World Health Organisation Surgical Safety Checklist (WHO SSC) was developed to improve teamwork among healthcare professionals and ensure consistent use of safety processes in the operating room (Abbott et al., 2018: 147). The WHO SSC has successfully reduced common and avoidable surgical errors relating to nerve cutting, among others (Jain et al., 2018:7). However, the implementation of the WHO SSC has not been widely acknowledged in South Africa due to specific barriers (Koopman, 2018: 20; Sauls, 2019: 15). To this end, the aim of this study was two-fold: (i) to determine the factors that contribute to the implementation of the WHO SSC among operating room healthcare professionals and (ii) to develop a contextually appropriate process implementation guide that may be used to facilitate utilisation of the WHO SSC in a private operating room healthcare facility. A non-experimental descriptive quantitative approach underpinned by positivism and a descriptive exploratory survey was used to study the factors contributing to implementing the WHO SSC. A self-reported questionnaire was used as the method for data collection. Purposive sampling was adopted by selecting all the 130 operating room staff directly involved in completing the WHO SSC. All 130 respondents completed and returned the questionnaire. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package Software for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 28.0 for Windows (IBM Corp, 2021). The study described four factors (i.e. awareness, relative advantage, complexity, and usability) contributing to the implementation of the WHO SSC. The analysis revealed a significant inter-relationship between two factors (i.e. relative advantage and awareness) and characteristics of the operating room healthcare professionals (regarding highest qualification, current age and work experience). The study’s main contribution to the existing body of knowledge is the proposed process-oriented implementation guide, including a readiness assessment template for effective implementation of the WHO SSC. It is recommended that good knowledge of the WHO SSC should be created by making operating room healthcare professionals aware of the arrangements and interventions by the private hospital to implement the WHO SSC. , Thesis (MCur) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical care & medicinal sciences , 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Prevalence of red blood cell alloantibodies in healthy blood donors: A retrospective study
- Authors: Bada, Thandolwethu Sarafina
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Blood--Transfusion , Blood donors , Red blood cell alloantibodies
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63688 , vital:73586
- Description: Background: Blood transfusion is one of the essential supporting therapies in the management of patients and all efforts must be geared towards ensuring greater blood safety. There are studies on the prevalence of red blood cell alloantibodies in numerous transfused patients. However, no research has been done on the population of healthy first-time donors in South Africa who donates blood for transfusion. Red blood cell alloantibodies may be present in the donated units and potentially lead to transfusion reactions or to decreased survival of transfused RBCs. Therefore, it is necessary to know the prevalence of alloantibodies in donors and the clinical significance. Aims and objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and identity of red blood cell alloantibodies in healthy first-time blood donors in the South African population, as well as to identify them, with the goal of improving blood safety and transfusion support for patients. Materials and methods: This retrospective and observational study investigates healthy first-time blood donors in the South African population over a five-year period, from January 2015 to December 2019. ABO typing and Rh typing were performed using the fully automated immunohaematology analyser BECKMAN COULTER PK7300 (Danaher Corporation, Brea, California). Erytra Eflexis automated system (8-column DG Gel cards) (Diagnostic Grifols, Barcelona, Spain) was used for antibody screening and antibody identification was performed using the RBC 11 Identisera Diana panel sheet. Approval was obtained from the Ethics Committees of Nelson Mandela University, South African National Blood Services and Western Province Blood Services prior to commencement of the study. Results: A total of 497 711 healthy first-time donors, consisting of 209 604 (42%) males and 288 107 (58%) females, were evaluated for irregular antibodies. The maximum number of donors belonged to the age group 18 to 29. Antibody screening results were positive in 849 donors from the entire population investigated, and 603 were RBC alloantibodies with an overall prevalence of 0.12%. The most frequent RBC alloantibody identified was anti-M from the MNS blood group systems, being present in 129 blood donors. Conclusion: The prevalence of RBC alloantibodies in the donor population in the study was 0.12% (603/497 711). As the inclusion criteria was limited, larger studies examining at all donors (first-time and repeated donations) are needed to determine the actual prevalence of alloantibodies in the population of South African donors. , Thesis (MHSc) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Care & Medicinal Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Bada, Thandolwethu Sarafina
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Blood--Transfusion , Blood donors , Red blood cell alloantibodies
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63688 , vital:73586
- Description: Background: Blood transfusion is one of the essential supporting therapies in the management of patients and all efforts must be geared towards ensuring greater blood safety. There are studies on the prevalence of red blood cell alloantibodies in numerous transfused patients. However, no research has been done on the population of healthy first-time donors in South Africa who donates blood for transfusion. Red blood cell alloantibodies may be present in the donated units and potentially lead to transfusion reactions or to decreased survival of transfused RBCs. Therefore, it is necessary to know the prevalence of alloantibodies in donors and the clinical significance. Aims and objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and identity of red blood cell alloantibodies in healthy first-time blood donors in the South African population, as well as to identify them, with the goal of improving blood safety and transfusion support for patients. Materials and methods: This retrospective and observational study investigates healthy first-time blood donors in the South African population over a five-year period, from January 2015 to December 2019. ABO typing and Rh typing were performed using the fully automated immunohaematology analyser BECKMAN COULTER PK7300 (Danaher Corporation, Brea, California). Erytra Eflexis automated system (8-column DG Gel cards) (Diagnostic Grifols, Barcelona, Spain) was used for antibody screening and antibody identification was performed using the RBC 11 Identisera Diana panel sheet. Approval was obtained from the Ethics Committees of Nelson Mandela University, South African National Blood Services and Western Province Blood Services prior to commencement of the study. Results: A total of 497 711 healthy first-time donors, consisting of 209 604 (42%) males and 288 107 (58%) females, were evaluated for irregular antibodies. The maximum number of donors belonged to the age group 18 to 29. Antibody screening results were positive in 849 donors from the entire population investigated, and 603 were RBC alloantibodies with an overall prevalence of 0.12%. The most frequent RBC alloantibody identified was anti-M from the MNS blood group systems, being present in 129 blood donors. Conclusion: The prevalence of RBC alloantibodies in the donor population in the study was 0.12% (603/497 711). As the inclusion criteria was limited, larger studies examining at all donors (first-time and repeated donations) are needed to determine the actual prevalence of alloantibodies in the population of South African donors. , Thesis (MHSc) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Care & Medicinal Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Role of community pharmacies in the management of diabetic foot ulcers in South Africa
- Authors: Greyling, Cosette
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Foot -- Ulcers -- Treatment , Wounds and injuries -- Treatment , Diabetes -- Complications
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63846 , vital:73619
- Description: Appropriate wound care and management are essential to prevent complications in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). It is important to evaluate if patients are getting the necessary therapeutic treatment and counselling at community pharmacies. The primary aim was to determine the role of community pharmacies in South Africa in the management of DFUs. This study used a mixed-method research design combining both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies. In 2023 a questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 823 community pharmacists in South Africa with questions regarding DFUs. Data from the questionnaire were analysed and used in the next phase of the study, which was focus group discussions (FGDs). The FGDs were conducted with a group of pharmacy stakeholders. The response rate for the questionnaire was 18.95% (n=156). Only 105 respondents completed the questionnaire. Majority of the respondents (n=45) were located in Gauteng province, practising in corporate pharmacies (n=88) in urban areas (n=104). Majority of respondents (n=73) indicated that they did not have a clinic inside their pharmacies and 46 respondents indicated that they had a nurse employed in the pharmacy. Most frequently seen chronic wounds in community pharmacies were diabetic wounds and surgical wounds. Majority (n=71) of respondents indicated that they have not attended additional training on DFUs. Respondents indicated that they most often used the internet and other healthcare providers as information resources regarding DFUs. The results also indicated that community pharmacists would like to have more training regarding advanced wound care and that pharmacists do have a role to play when managing DFUs. During two FGDs, two main themes emerged namely “Community pharmacists encounter various challenges when treating patients with DFUs” and “There is a gap in training for community pharmacists in treating DFUs”. The focus group discussion (FGD) results complemented the questionnaire survey results. Since there is limited research published in South Africa on the role of community pharmacies managing DFUs, this study indicated that there is a need for additional training on DFUs for pharmacists working in community pharmacies in South Africa. , Thesis (M.Pharm) -- Faculty of Health Science, School of Clinical Care & Medicinal Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Greyling, Cosette
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Foot -- Ulcers -- Treatment , Wounds and injuries -- Treatment , Diabetes -- Complications
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63846 , vital:73619
- Description: Appropriate wound care and management are essential to prevent complications in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). It is important to evaluate if patients are getting the necessary therapeutic treatment and counselling at community pharmacies. The primary aim was to determine the role of community pharmacies in South Africa in the management of DFUs. This study used a mixed-method research design combining both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies. In 2023 a questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 823 community pharmacists in South Africa with questions regarding DFUs. Data from the questionnaire were analysed and used in the next phase of the study, which was focus group discussions (FGDs). The FGDs were conducted with a group of pharmacy stakeholders. The response rate for the questionnaire was 18.95% (n=156). Only 105 respondents completed the questionnaire. Majority of the respondents (n=45) were located in Gauteng province, practising in corporate pharmacies (n=88) in urban areas (n=104). Majority of respondents (n=73) indicated that they did not have a clinic inside their pharmacies and 46 respondents indicated that they had a nurse employed in the pharmacy. Most frequently seen chronic wounds in community pharmacies were diabetic wounds and surgical wounds. Majority (n=71) of respondents indicated that they have not attended additional training on DFUs. Respondents indicated that they most often used the internet and other healthcare providers as information resources regarding DFUs. The results also indicated that community pharmacists would like to have more training regarding advanced wound care and that pharmacists do have a role to play when managing DFUs. During two FGDs, two main themes emerged namely “Community pharmacists encounter various challenges when treating patients with DFUs” and “There is a gap in training for community pharmacists in treating DFUs”. The focus group discussion (FGD) results complemented the questionnaire survey results. Since there is limited research published in South Africa on the role of community pharmacies managing DFUs, this study indicated that there is a need for additional training on DFUs for pharmacists working in community pharmacies in South Africa. , Thesis (M.Pharm) -- Faculty of Health Science, School of Clinical Care & Medicinal Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
The curious case of Albert Ellis: a psychobiographical case study
- Authors: van Rensburg, Philip
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Psychotherapy , Ellis, Albert -- Interviews , Rational emotive behavior therapy
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63928 , vital:73627
- Description: Although much has been written on the life and work of American psychologist Albert Ellis, none of the literature adopts a specific psychobiographical framework and no instrumental case studies on the life of Ellis exist. The primary aim of this psychobiographical case study is to provide a psychobiographical exploration and description of aspects of Albert Ellis’ life within his sociohistorical context. More specifically, Ellis’ upbringing with an immigrant past and the role this has played relating to Ellis’ curiosity towards issues of sex and women. The findings of this psychobiographical case study will also be conveyed to inform on the role that culture and cultural diversity has on how an individual experiences and deals with conflict in their life. A specific area of interest in this study is the culture of the twentieth century, with a special focus on the relationship individuals had with sex, as well as examining the lived experience of immigrants during this time. Aspects of Albert Ellis' life within the sociohistorical context of the twentieth century is illustrated by using certain psychological techniques to the available biographical data. This is accomplished by looking at Ellis' experiences and how they influenced the creation of his own paradigm of rational emotive behaviour therapy. Furthermore, Ellis is conceptualised using Karen Horney’s theory of the dynamic relationship, which exists between cultural processes and conflicting human character traits and their impact on behavioural motivation. This study adopts an inductive research approach. Therefore, it implements an instrumental, single-case research design and is exploratory-descriptive in nature. The subject was chosen through purposive sampling and data will be analysed utilising three linked subprocesses theorised by Miles and Huberman. , Thesis (DPhil) -- Faculty of Health Science, School of Behavioural & Lifestyle Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: van Rensburg, Philip
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Psychotherapy , Ellis, Albert -- Interviews , Rational emotive behavior therapy
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63928 , vital:73627
- Description: Although much has been written on the life and work of American psychologist Albert Ellis, none of the literature adopts a specific psychobiographical framework and no instrumental case studies on the life of Ellis exist. The primary aim of this psychobiographical case study is to provide a psychobiographical exploration and description of aspects of Albert Ellis’ life within his sociohistorical context. More specifically, Ellis’ upbringing with an immigrant past and the role this has played relating to Ellis’ curiosity towards issues of sex and women. The findings of this psychobiographical case study will also be conveyed to inform on the role that culture and cultural diversity has on how an individual experiences and deals with conflict in their life. A specific area of interest in this study is the culture of the twentieth century, with a special focus on the relationship individuals had with sex, as well as examining the lived experience of immigrants during this time. Aspects of Albert Ellis' life within the sociohistorical context of the twentieth century is illustrated by using certain psychological techniques to the available biographical data. This is accomplished by looking at Ellis' experiences and how they influenced the creation of his own paradigm of rational emotive behaviour therapy. Furthermore, Ellis is conceptualised using Karen Horney’s theory of the dynamic relationship, which exists between cultural processes and conflicting human character traits and their impact on behavioural motivation. This study adopts an inductive research approach. Therefore, it implements an instrumental, single-case research design and is exploratory-descriptive in nature. The subject was chosen through purposive sampling and data will be analysed utilising three linked subprocesses theorised by Miles and Huberman. , Thesis (DPhil) -- Faculty of Health Science, School of Behavioural & Lifestyle Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
The perception of pharmacists’ assistants (post-basic) in Gauteng on the appropriateness of the training received to their roles in pharmaceutical manufacturing
- Authors: Mamabolo, Makgano Tshepiso
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Pharmaceutical industry -- Employees -- Training of -- South Africa , Pharmacy -- Study and teaching -- South Africa , Pharmaceutical industry -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63878 , vital:73622
- Description: The concept of pharmacists as key providers of pharmaceutical services with supporting personnel is quite uniform across the world with differences in the requirements for the registration, scope of practice, and training approach. Pharmacy support personnel have been part of the workforce for many decades in South Africa, practicing in all pharmacy categories. Pharmacy support personnel are required to undergo training in the category in which they are employed and registered. There is limited literature on the scope of practice and training of pharmacy support personnel in pharmaceutical manufacturing. This research project was undertaken to determine the perceptions of pharmacists’ assistants (post-basic) in Gauteng on the appropriateness of the training received to their roles in pharmaceutical manufacturing. A descriptive qualitative design was employed for the study which involved pharmacists’ assistants (post-basic) who were trained and employed in pharmaceutical manufacturing. Semi-structured virtual interviews were conducted with the participants to gain their understanding regarding their experiences and perceptions of the training they received. The perception of participants on whether the training prepared them to their role was interpreted through thematic analysis. Pharmacists’ assistants (post-basic) perceptions regarding the training they have received to support their roles was generally positive, with an emphasis on the comprehensiveness and appropriateness of training. Participants supported their perceptions by providing scenarios in their workplace on how the training has improved their knowledge in performing their job functions and confidence in carrying out their duties. Differences in perceptions regarding preparedness of PAPBs to carry out their roles and responsibilities in pharmaceutical manufacturing were noted and appeared to be dependent on the nature of the role and the activities involved where further on-the-job training might be required. Participants also demonstrated an interest in the expansion of the curriculum to cover more specialised other aspects of the pharmaceutical manufacturing such as quality and regulatory. Participants perceived the education and training to prepare them for the roles and responsibilities in pharmaceutical manufacturing and recommendations for future research studies on training programmes and job functions for PSP were identified. , Thesis (MPharm) -- Faculty of Health Science, School of Clinical Care and Medicinal Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Mamabolo, Makgano Tshepiso
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Pharmaceutical industry -- Employees -- Training of -- South Africa , Pharmacy -- Study and teaching -- South Africa , Pharmaceutical industry -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63878 , vital:73622
- Description: The concept of pharmacists as key providers of pharmaceutical services with supporting personnel is quite uniform across the world with differences in the requirements for the registration, scope of practice, and training approach. Pharmacy support personnel have been part of the workforce for many decades in South Africa, practicing in all pharmacy categories. Pharmacy support personnel are required to undergo training in the category in which they are employed and registered. There is limited literature on the scope of practice and training of pharmacy support personnel in pharmaceutical manufacturing. This research project was undertaken to determine the perceptions of pharmacists’ assistants (post-basic) in Gauteng on the appropriateness of the training received to their roles in pharmaceutical manufacturing. A descriptive qualitative design was employed for the study which involved pharmacists’ assistants (post-basic) who were trained and employed in pharmaceutical manufacturing. Semi-structured virtual interviews were conducted with the participants to gain their understanding regarding their experiences and perceptions of the training they received. The perception of participants on whether the training prepared them to their role was interpreted through thematic analysis. Pharmacists’ assistants (post-basic) perceptions regarding the training they have received to support their roles was generally positive, with an emphasis on the comprehensiveness and appropriateness of training. Participants supported their perceptions by providing scenarios in their workplace on how the training has improved their knowledge in performing their job functions and confidence in carrying out their duties. Differences in perceptions regarding preparedness of PAPBs to carry out their roles and responsibilities in pharmaceutical manufacturing were noted and appeared to be dependent on the nature of the role and the activities involved where further on-the-job training might be required. Participants also demonstrated an interest in the expansion of the curriculum to cover more specialised other aspects of the pharmaceutical manufacturing such as quality and regulatory. Participants perceived the education and training to prepare them for the roles and responsibilities in pharmaceutical manufacturing and recommendations for future research studies on training programmes and job functions for PSP were identified. , Thesis (MPharm) -- Faculty of Health Science, School of Clinical Care and Medicinal Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
The role of environmental factors, vegetation type, and community knowledge, attitude, and practices on schistosomiasis intermediate host snails’ distribution in the Nelson Mandela Bay water bodies
- Authors: Campbell, Prince Samkelo
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Schistosoma -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (South Africa) , Schistosomiasis -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (South Africa) , Schistosomiasis -- Prevention -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (South Africa) , Tropical medicine
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63813 , vital:73615
- Description: Schistosomiasis, often known as bilharzia, is a parasitic water-borne disease caused by trematode flatworms of the genus Schistosoma. In 76 endemic countries, including 46 in Africa, over 800 million individuals are at risk of contracting the disease. This study examined the influence of water physicochemical properties, vegetation type and community knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) on the distribution and habitat preference of schistosomiasis intermediate host snails in the communities of Kariega and Kwa Nobuhle, in Nelson Mandela Bay. Methods. A quantitative cross-sectional research design approach was employed in this study. Data for the water physicochemical properties was collected over different seasons over a 9-month period. Eight sampling sites were selected based on their proximity to residential areas. A simple dip method was used for surface water samples and measurements done using a Bante 900P multiparameter meter, Macherey Nagel PF-12 plus, and hardness meter. A 300 μm mesh scoop net on a metal frame was used to capture snails. At each sample site, the predominant plant species were gathered and transported to experts in the Botany Department at Nelson Mandela University for identification. The composition and percentage cover of vegetation were visually estimated and documented. A structured questionnaire was used to elicit responses from 380 participants for the pre- and post-intervention KAP study, using the interview format. Data was analysed using R software (version 4.3.1) and Microsoft Office 365 Excel (2019 version). Results. Freshwater snails were found in all eight water bodies studied; however, schistosomiasis intermediate host snails were only found in three of them while the prevailing species in the study sites were Physa snails. There was no correlation between the number of snails and turbidity (r=-0.070). However, a negative and weak correlation existed between snails and DO (r=-0.185), hardness (r=-0.210), pH (r=-0.235), TDS (r=-0.236), EC (r=-0.240), salinity (r=-0.242), and temperature (r=-0.273). There was also a negative correlation between snails and vegetation coverage (r=-0.127). Of the 380 study participants, only 8.7% were aware of the disease pre-intervention. The paired samples t-test results demonstrate a difference (7.2 ± 2.5) in knowledge scores, and the improvement in knowledge levels post-intervention is statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion. The study discovered an abundance of Physa snails; considering their biological characteristics and ability to endure, these snails could potentially serve as a biological control agent in locations where the , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Behavioural & Lifestyle Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
- Authors: Campbell, Prince Samkelo
- Date: 2024-04
- Subjects: Schistosoma -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (South Africa) , Schistosomiasis -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (South Africa) , Schistosomiasis -- Prevention -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (South Africa) , Tropical medicine
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/63813 , vital:73615
- Description: Schistosomiasis, often known as bilharzia, is a parasitic water-borne disease caused by trematode flatworms of the genus Schistosoma. In 76 endemic countries, including 46 in Africa, over 800 million individuals are at risk of contracting the disease. This study examined the influence of water physicochemical properties, vegetation type and community knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) on the distribution and habitat preference of schistosomiasis intermediate host snails in the communities of Kariega and Kwa Nobuhle, in Nelson Mandela Bay. Methods. A quantitative cross-sectional research design approach was employed in this study. Data for the water physicochemical properties was collected over different seasons over a 9-month period. Eight sampling sites were selected based on their proximity to residential areas. A simple dip method was used for surface water samples and measurements done using a Bante 900P multiparameter meter, Macherey Nagel PF-12 plus, and hardness meter. A 300 μm mesh scoop net on a metal frame was used to capture snails. At each sample site, the predominant plant species were gathered and transported to experts in the Botany Department at Nelson Mandela University for identification. The composition and percentage cover of vegetation were visually estimated and documented. A structured questionnaire was used to elicit responses from 380 participants for the pre- and post-intervention KAP study, using the interview format. Data was analysed using R software (version 4.3.1) and Microsoft Office 365 Excel (2019 version). Results. Freshwater snails were found in all eight water bodies studied; however, schistosomiasis intermediate host snails were only found in three of them while the prevailing species in the study sites were Physa snails. There was no correlation between the number of snails and turbidity (r=-0.070). However, a negative and weak correlation existed between snails and DO (r=-0.185), hardness (r=-0.210), pH (r=-0.235), TDS (r=-0.236), EC (r=-0.240), salinity (r=-0.242), and temperature (r=-0.273). There was also a negative correlation between snails and vegetation coverage (r=-0.127). Of the 380 study participants, only 8.7% were aware of the disease pre-intervention. The paired samples t-test results demonstrate a difference (7.2 ± 2.5) in knowledge scores, and the improvement in knowledge levels post-intervention is statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion. The study discovered an abundance of Physa snails; considering their biological characteristics and ability to endure, these snails could potentially serve as a biological control agent in locations where the , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Behavioural & Lifestyle Sciences, 2024
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2024-04
Effects of selected natural flavonoids on an optimized insulin resistance model in myotubes and hepatocytes in vitro
- Authors: van de Venter, Ruben
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: Flavonoids , Pharmaceutical chemistry , Insulin resistance
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/69648 , vital:78003
- Description: As the third largest life-threatening non-communicable disease, further research to improve T2DM treatment remains pivotal. The approved insulin sensitizing agents, metformin and thiazolidinediones, although effective, have an array of adverse effects. This leads to the growing need for safer insulin sensitizing agents.To induce insulin resistance, an insulin resistance induction (IRI) model consisting of palmitic acid (PA), fructose, and dexamethasone (DEX), was optimized. The model was utilized to compare the insulin sensitizing efficacy of chrysin, apigenin, luteolin, and quercetin. The most effective flavonoid was extrapolated based on the hydroxylation hypothesis and relevant SAR. The flavonoid was combined with metformin to evaluate potential insulin sensitizing synergism. C3A hepatocytes and L6 myotubes were exposed to the IRI models: IR1, IR2, and OIR, for 24 and 48h. Morphological features indicative of insulin resistance were monitored through high-content analysis (HCA). Thereafter, cells were exposed to OIR and concurrently treated with the selected flavonoids. Cytotoxicity, oxidative stress (OS), mitochondrial content, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and lipid accumulation, were once again evaluated through HCA. Subsequently, quercetin was combined with metformin (QM); insulin resistant conditions established through OIR exposure, and QM administered as prophylaxis. The efficacy of QM was determined through changes in phosphorylated-Akt, glucose uptake, and gluconeogenesis. Results: IR1 and IR2 demonstrated excessive potency, whereas OIR consistently generated insulin resistant C3A/L6 cells by increasing OS (↑14%/20%), lipid accumulation (0.7-fold/1.5-fold), and decreasing MMP (↓4%/6%). Of the selected flavonoids, quercetin was most effective at ameliorating each of these parameters. Furthermore, QM demonstrated potential insulin sensitizing synergism, as it improved Akt phosphorylation (Thr308: ↑31%/↑17%; Ser473: ↑29%), glucose uptake (↑10%/ 5%), and suppressed hepatic gluconeogenesis (15↓%) more effectively compared to monotherapy. Conclusions: OIR is an effective model for the induction of complete early-stage insulin resistance in myotubes and hepatocytes. Quercetin demonstrates exceptional antidiabetic activity due its unique expression of hydroxyl groups. Lastly, QM, comparative to monotherapy, improves insulin sensitivity with enhanced efficacy. , Thesis (MPharm) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Care & Medicinal Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-12
- Authors: van de Venter, Ruben
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: Flavonoids , Pharmaceutical chemistry , Insulin resistance
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/69648 , vital:78003
- Description: As the third largest life-threatening non-communicable disease, further research to improve T2DM treatment remains pivotal. The approved insulin sensitizing agents, metformin and thiazolidinediones, although effective, have an array of adverse effects. This leads to the growing need for safer insulin sensitizing agents.To induce insulin resistance, an insulin resistance induction (IRI) model consisting of palmitic acid (PA), fructose, and dexamethasone (DEX), was optimized. The model was utilized to compare the insulin sensitizing efficacy of chrysin, apigenin, luteolin, and quercetin. The most effective flavonoid was extrapolated based on the hydroxylation hypothesis and relevant SAR. The flavonoid was combined with metformin to evaluate potential insulin sensitizing synergism. C3A hepatocytes and L6 myotubes were exposed to the IRI models: IR1, IR2, and OIR, for 24 and 48h. Morphological features indicative of insulin resistance were monitored through high-content analysis (HCA). Thereafter, cells were exposed to OIR and concurrently treated with the selected flavonoids. Cytotoxicity, oxidative stress (OS), mitochondrial content, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and lipid accumulation, were once again evaluated through HCA. Subsequently, quercetin was combined with metformin (QM); insulin resistant conditions established through OIR exposure, and QM administered as prophylaxis. The efficacy of QM was determined through changes in phosphorylated-Akt, glucose uptake, and gluconeogenesis. Results: IR1 and IR2 demonstrated excessive potency, whereas OIR consistently generated insulin resistant C3A/L6 cells by increasing OS (↑14%/20%), lipid accumulation (0.7-fold/1.5-fold), and decreasing MMP (↓4%/6%). Of the selected flavonoids, quercetin was most effective at ameliorating each of these parameters. Furthermore, QM demonstrated potential insulin sensitizing synergism, as it improved Akt phosphorylation (Thr308: ↑31%/↑17%; Ser473: ↑29%), glucose uptake (↑10%/ 5%), and suppressed hepatic gluconeogenesis (15↓%) more effectively compared to monotherapy. Conclusions: OIR is an effective model for the induction of complete early-stage insulin resistance in myotubes and hepatocytes. Quercetin demonstrates exceptional antidiabetic activity due its unique expression of hydroxyl groups. Lastly, QM, comparative to monotherapy, improves insulin sensitivity with enhanced efficacy. , Thesis (MPharm) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Care & Medicinal Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-12
Caring behaviour of midwives towards labouring women at public obstetric units in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District
- Authors: Magadla, Khokela Nezisa
- Date: 2023-04
- Subjects: Labor (Obstetrics) , Midwifery , Pediatric nursing
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/69615 , vital:77962
- Description: The act of caring during childbirth forms the core of midwifery care. Caring towards labouring women includes emotional intelligence, compassion, kindness and empathy. Moreover, a women’s expectations of midwifery care during childbirth include physical comfort, emotional support, clear communication, good interpersonal skills, and the encouragement of bonding between the mother, father and baby. These expectations are at times not met and therefore midwives are perceived as uncaring, which is a trending concern. The midwife is at the forefront of providing humanised care during pregnancy, labour and delivery. However, little is known about midwives’ perceptions of providing humanised care to labouring women in public obstetric units. Thus the study sought to explore the midwives caring behaviours towards labouring women in public obstetric units in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District (NMBHD). The study aimed to gain an understanding of the caring behaviours of midwives towards labouring women at public obstetric units in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District. The objectives were to explore and describe the perceptions of midwives of their caring behaviour towards labouring women at public obstetric units in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District and to and to suggest recommendations for midwives and nurse managers on caring behaviour towards labouring women. A qualitative exploratory and descriptive design and purposive, non-probability sampling were used. Data were collected through telephonic, semi-structured interviews, which were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Twelve midwives who met a set of inclusion criteria were interviewed. The data were analysed using thematic content analysis, and the three main themes and their sub-themes were verified by an independent coder. The findings of the study revealed that despite efforts to improve the quality of midwifery care, the care provided to labouring women in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District is still compromised for various reasons. Trustworthiness in the study was ensured by using Lincoln and Guba’s (1985) principles of trustworthiness. Recommendations made were to improve the working conditions in public obstetric units, the managerial provision of formal support systems, the provision of clear guidelines and protocols as well as for further research studies. Ethical considerations were also maintained following the Belmont Report’s principles throughout the study. Recommendations made were to improve the working conditions in public obstetric units, the managerial provision of formal support systems, the provision of clear guidelines and protocols as well as for further research studies. , Thesis (MCur) -- Faculty of Health Science, School of Clinical Care & Medicinal Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-04
- Authors: Magadla, Khokela Nezisa
- Date: 2023-04
- Subjects: Labor (Obstetrics) , Midwifery , Pediatric nursing
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/69615 , vital:77962
- Description: The act of caring during childbirth forms the core of midwifery care. Caring towards labouring women includes emotional intelligence, compassion, kindness and empathy. Moreover, a women’s expectations of midwifery care during childbirth include physical comfort, emotional support, clear communication, good interpersonal skills, and the encouragement of bonding between the mother, father and baby. These expectations are at times not met and therefore midwives are perceived as uncaring, which is a trending concern. The midwife is at the forefront of providing humanised care during pregnancy, labour and delivery. However, little is known about midwives’ perceptions of providing humanised care to labouring women in public obstetric units. Thus the study sought to explore the midwives caring behaviours towards labouring women in public obstetric units in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District (NMBHD). The study aimed to gain an understanding of the caring behaviours of midwives towards labouring women at public obstetric units in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District. The objectives were to explore and describe the perceptions of midwives of their caring behaviour towards labouring women at public obstetric units in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District and to and to suggest recommendations for midwives and nurse managers on caring behaviour towards labouring women. A qualitative exploratory and descriptive design and purposive, non-probability sampling were used. Data were collected through telephonic, semi-structured interviews, which were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Twelve midwives who met a set of inclusion criteria were interviewed. The data were analysed using thematic content analysis, and the three main themes and their sub-themes were verified by an independent coder. The findings of the study revealed that despite efforts to improve the quality of midwifery care, the care provided to labouring women in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District is still compromised for various reasons. Trustworthiness in the study was ensured by using Lincoln and Guba’s (1985) principles of trustworthiness. Recommendations made were to improve the working conditions in public obstetric units, the managerial provision of formal support systems, the provision of clear guidelines and protocols as well as for further research studies. Ethical considerations were also maintained following the Belmont Report’s principles throughout the study. Recommendations made were to improve the working conditions in public obstetric units, the managerial provision of formal support systems, the provision of clear guidelines and protocols as well as for further research studies. , Thesis (MCur) -- Faculty of Health Science, School of Clinical Care & Medicinal Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-04
Diet and lifestyle changes during the Covid-19 pandemic among health care professionals in the Eastern Cape province
- Authors: Baloyi, Thabile Valentia
- Date: 2023-04
- Subjects: Diet , Lifestyle , Health care Professionals
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/66356 , vital:74718
- Description: Background: The unprecedented COVID-19 era is one that posed drastic changes and challenges to healthcare professionals and healthcare system at large. During disastrous events such as the pandemic, psychosocial stress is expected among health care professionals with the development of different copying mechanisms. It is therefore important to ensure preparedness among these individuals in the event of future pandemics. It is essentials for healthcare professionals to practice healthy dietary habits and regular physical activity which has a positive impact on the immune system by improving its response to viral and bacterial infections and supports mental health. Aim: The aim of the study was to determine dietary and lifestyle changes among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: A quantitative, descriptive, and explorative research approach was followed. Data was collected through an online survey and analysed using MS Excel® version 2209, SPSS version 27, cross tabulation and Pearson’s chi-square test (p-value<0.05) The questionnaire consisted of four sections that had demographics, lifestyle, dietary and COVID-19 related questions. The study sample were Eastern Cape healthcare professionals. Results: The findings indicated that health care professionals’ dietary habits and lifestyle were negatively affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 37.5% (n=131) had indicated that their weight had increased, while 20.4% (n=71) indicated a decrease in weight during the pandemic. It is understandable that there was weight gain during the pandemic as these professionals consumed more alcohol and fast foods with less exercise. There was a high caffeine consumption and decreased sleep time, which can affect productivity, resilience and mental health. The negative impacts posed by the pandemic need to be mitigated as it has the potential to lead to non-communicable diseases and cause even more of a burden to the health system. Authorities need to work with different healthcare professionals to develop programmes relating to coping mechanisms during any state of disaster and support wellness initiatives. Dietitians should be involved in order to coordinate and promote healthy eating through regular training and education of other HCP. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Behavioural & Lifestyle Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-04
- Authors: Baloyi, Thabile Valentia
- Date: 2023-04
- Subjects: Diet , Lifestyle , Health care Professionals
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/66356 , vital:74718
- Description: Background: The unprecedented COVID-19 era is one that posed drastic changes and challenges to healthcare professionals and healthcare system at large. During disastrous events such as the pandemic, psychosocial stress is expected among health care professionals with the development of different copying mechanisms. It is therefore important to ensure preparedness among these individuals in the event of future pandemics. It is essentials for healthcare professionals to practice healthy dietary habits and regular physical activity which has a positive impact on the immune system by improving its response to viral and bacterial infections and supports mental health. Aim: The aim of the study was to determine dietary and lifestyle changes among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: A quantitative, descriptive, and explorative research approach was followed. Data was collected through an online survey and analysed using MS Excel® version 2209, SPSS version 27, cross tabulation and Pearson’s chi-square test (p-value<0.05) The questionnaire consisted of four sections that had demographics, lifestyle, dietary and COVID-19 related questions. The study sample were Eastern Cape healthcare professionals. Results: The findings indicated that health care professionals’ dietary habits and lifestyle were negatively affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 37.5% (n=131) had indicated that their weight had increased, while 20.4% (n=71) indicated a decrease in weight during the pandemic. It is understandable that there was weight gain during the pandemic as these professionals consumed more alcohol and fast foods with less exercise. There was a high caffeine consumption and decreased sleep time, which can affect productivity, resilience and mental health. The negative impacts posed by the pandemic need to be mitigated as it has the potential to lead to non-communicable diseases and cause even more of a burden to the health system. Authorities need to work with different healthcare professionals to develop programmes relating to coping mechanisms during any state of disaster and support wellness initiatives. Dietitians should be involved in order to coordinate and promote healthy eating through regular training and education of other HCP. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Behavioural & Lifestyle Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-04
Effect of a school-based health intervention on the non-communicable disease risk status of schoolchildren from disadvantaged communities
- Authors: Dolley, Danielle
- Date: 2023-04
- Subjects: school-based health intervention , Non-communicable diseases , Cardiovascular diseases
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/66388 , vital:75063
- Description: Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and dyslipidaemia are a global public health concern, but more so in low- income countries where the underprivileged are exposed to unhealthy lifestyle practices with limited access to primary health care. Poor dietary habits and physical inactivity have also led to the unprecedented rise of NCD risk factors among school- aged children, which places them at greater risk of disease later in life. These NCDs are largely driven by obesity which has continued to rise in sub-Saharan Africa. However, high levels of undernutrition (such as stunting, underweight and wasting) among children are also present, thereby translating to a dual burden of malnutrition. Promoting regular physical activity (PA) among children is crucial for the health of future generations as it assists in weight reduction, improves insulin sensitivity, reduces blood pressure and is associated with good health and wellbeing. However, physical education (PE), the most obvious vehicle to develop the motor abilities of children, creating opportunities for their sports skills development and educating learners about the importance of PA as a lifestyle, has long been overlooked since the transformation of the South African school curriculum. Furthermore, many in-service PE teachers were not trained to teach the new multi-disciplinary Life Skills and Life Orientation subjects, of which PE forms a small part. Evidence shows that many PE teachers lack the content knowledge and practical skills to implement the subject, which raises the question of how many children, especially those in low-income communities, are participating in quality PE needed to foster healthy lifestyles and prevent the risk of NCDs. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of a 20- week school-based health intervention on NCD risk factors of primary schoolchildren from low-income schools in Gqeberha, South Africa. Methods: A cluster randomised control trial was used to test a 20-week intervention, which included three components, namely [1] the KaziKidz toolkit (comprised of pre- prepared PE, health, hygiene and nutrition lessons, equipment for PE, and painted games) [2] a PE coach (human movement science graduate to assist teachers) and [3]two 90-min training workshops. Eight schools were randomly selected to participatein the study: four intervention schools received the KaziKidz toolkit, while the externalsupport components were staggered across three intervention schools, and the Chapter 1: Introduction 2 remaining four schools served as the control group. Altogether 961 children (491 boys and 511 girls) from grades 4 to 6 (8 - 13 years old, M=10.88±1.19 yrs) participated In the study. Demographic information and socio-economic status were captured with a questionnaire. Further measures included height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, glycated haemoglobin, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, accelerometer-based PA and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Results: Cross-sectional baseline data showed that 43.1% of the sample presented with at least one NCD risk factor, and 17% presented with an elevated clustered risk score (CRS). In addition, higher CRF and moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) were associated with a lowered CRS whereby an elevated CRS was halved for every 49 min increase in MVPA (95% CI 27 - 224) or every 2.17 ml/kg/min increase in CRF, as determined via estimated VO2max (95% CI 1.66 - 3.12). Overall, 13% of the cohort were underweight, 12% overweight, 7% obese, and 64% engaged in an average of 60 min MVPA per day. The results also identified an inverse association between body mass index categories and the total duration of MVPA achieved per day as children categorised as underweight to normal‐weight (boys: OR = 3.89, 95% CI: 2.18 - 6.93; girls: OR =1.78, 95% CI: 1.13 - 2.80) were more likely to engage in 60 min per day of MVPA than overweight to obese children. Finally, the school-based health intervention results revealed improvements in children's NCD risk factors and increased MVPA levels when the intervention conditions included the workshops and, in some cases, the PE coach. The KaziKidz toolkit (on its own) showed little to no improvements in NCD risk factors and MVPA levels. Conclusion: School-based health interventions have the potential to improve the NCD risk factors of children attending low-income schools in South Africa. These findings also add to our understanding of implementing interventions in settings where teachers are not sufficiently trained to teach PE. Therefore, school-based health interventions, including a toolkit, should be accompanied by workshops to equip educators with the necessary tools to confidently facilitate PE lessons and integrate a range of PE activities into their classrooms. Future research is recommended to determine the long-term sustainability of school-based health interventions and the long-term post-intervention impact on NCD risk factors. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Human Movement Science, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-04
- Authors: Dolley, Danielle
- Date: 2023-04
- Subjects: school-based health intervention , Non-communicable diseases , Cardiovascular diseases
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/66388 , vital:75063
- Description: Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and dyslipidaemia are a global public health concern, but more so in low- income countries where the underprivileged are exposed to unhealthy lifestyle practices with limited access to primary health care. Poor dietary habits and physical inactivity have also led to the unprecedented rise of NCD risk factors among school- aged children, which places them at greater risk of disease later in life. These NCDs are largely driven by obesity which has continued to rise in sub-Saharan Africa. However, high levels of undernutrition (such as stunting, underweight and wasting) among children are also present, thereby translating to a dual burden of malnutrition. Promoting regular physical activity (PA) among children is crucial for the health of future generations as it assists in weight reduction, improves insulin sensitivity, reduces blood pressure and is associated with good health and wellbeing. However, physical education (PE), the most obvious vehicle to develop the motor abilities of children, creating opportunities for their sports skills development and educating learners about the importance of PA as a lifestyle, has long been overlooked since the transformation of the South African school curriculum. Furthermore, many in-service PE teachers were not trained to teach the new multi-disciplinary Life Skills and Life Orientation subjects, of which PE forms a small part. Evidence shows that many PE teachers lack the content knowledge and practical skills to implement the subject, which raises the question of how many children, especially those in low-income communities, are participating in quality PE needed to foster healthy lifestyles and prevent the risk of NCDs. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of a 20- week school-based health intervention on NCD risk factors of primary schoolchildren from low-income schools in Gqeberha, South Africa. Methods: A cluster randomised control trial was used to test a 20-week intervention, which included three components, namely [1] the KaziKidz toolkit (comprised of pre- prepared PE, health, hygiene and nutrition lessons, equipment for PE, and painted games) [2] a PE coach (human movement science graduate to assist teachers) and [3]two 90-min training workshops. Eight schools were randomly selected to participatein the study: four intervention schools received the KaziKidz toolkit, while the externalsupport components were staggered across three intervention schools, and the Chapter 1: Introduction 2 remaining four schools served as the control group. Altogether 961 children (491 boys and 511 girls) from grades 4 to 6 (8 - 13 years old, M=10.88±1.19 yrs) participated In the study. Demographic information and socio-economic status were captured with a questionnaire. Further measures included height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, glycated haemoglobin, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, accelerometer-based PA and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Results: Cross-sectional baseline data showed that 43.1% of the sample presented with at least one NCD risk factor, and 17% presented with an elevated clustered risk score (CRS). In addition, higher CRF and moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) were associated with a lowered CRS whereby an elevated CRS was halved for every 49 min increase in MVPA (95% CI 27 - 224) or every 2.17 ml/kg/min increase in CRF, as determined via estimated VO2max (95% CI 1.66 - 3.12). Overall, 13% of the cohort were underweight, 12% overweight, 7% obese, and 64% engaged in an average of 60 min MVPA per day. The results also identified an inverse association between body mass index categories and the total duration of MVPA achieved per day as children categorised as underweight to normal‐weight (boys: OR = 3.89, 95% CI: 2.18 - 6.93; girls: OR =1.78, 95% CI: 1.13 - 2.80) were more likely to engage in 60 min per day of MVPA than overweight to obese children. Finally, the school-based health intervention results revealed improvements in children's NCD risk factors and increased MVPA levels when the intervention conditions included the workshops and, in some cases, the PE coach. The KaziKidz toolkit (on its own) showed little to no improvements in NCD risk factors and MVPA levels. Conclusion: School-based health interventions have the potential to improve the NCD risk factors of children attending low-income schools in South Africa. These findings also add to our understanding of implementing interventions in settings where teachers are not sufficiently trained to teach PE. Therefore, school-based health interventions, including a toolkit, should be accompanied by workshops to equip educators with the necessary tools to confidently facilitate PE lessons and integrate a range of PE activities into their classrooms. Future research is recommended to determine the long-term sustainability of school-based health interventions and the long-term post-intervention impact on NCD risk factors. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Human Movement Science, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-04
Experiences of student radiographers regarding workplace learning in the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Kettledas, Madelaine
- Date: 2023-04
- Subjects: Experiential learning , School-to-work transition , Radiography -- Study and teaching (Higher)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/69704 , vital:78012
- Description: Workplace learning (WPL) is one of the learning modes of work-integrated learning and takes place in accredited clinical training institutions, in real-life settings. In this research study WPL refers to, and describes, how student radiographers acquire the necessary skills, knowledge, attributes, values, and behaviours to obtain the requisite learning outcomes. Student radiographers must integrate the theory taught at the Higher Education Institution during WPL in the clinical practice setting. The aim of this research study was to explore and describe the experiences of undergraduate diagnostic student radiographers regarding WPL. A qualitative, explorative, descriptive, and contextual research design was employed to obtain extensive understanding of the experiences of undergraduate diagnostic student radiographers during WPL. Semi-structured focus group interviews were conducted to collect the data. Transcriptions of data were verbatim, and the eight steps of Tesch’s thematic analysis were utilised for coding. The two main themes that emerged from the analysis of the data were as follows; Theme 1: Student radiographers: surviving or thriving and Theme 2: Fundamental components motivating the character of the WPL programme. This research study is presided by methods that ensure trustworthiness and ethical research practices. As a result of the findings, six recommendations were proposed which involve the higher education institution, clinical tutors, and qualified radiographers to ensure that student radiographers become skilled, confident, and competent qualified radiographers. , Thesis (MTech) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Care & Medicinal Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-04
- Authors: Kettledas, Madelaine
- Date: 2023-04
- Subjects: Experiential learning , School-to-work transition , Radiography -- Study and teaching (Higher)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/69704 , vital:78012
- Description: Workplace learning (WPL) is one of the learning modes of work-integrated learning and takes place in accredited clinical training institutions, in real-life settings. In this research study WPL refers to, and describes, how student radiographers acquire the necessary skills, knowledge, attributes, values, and behaviours to obtain the requisite learning outcomes. Student radiographers must integrate the theory taught at the Higher Education Institution during WPL in the clinical practice setting. The aim of this research study was to explore and describe the experiences of undergraduate diagnostic student radiographers regarding WPL. A qualitative, explorative, descriptive, and contextual research design was employed to obtain extensive understanding of the experiences of undergraduate diagnostic student radiographers during WPL. Semi-structured focus group interviews were conducted to collect the data. Transcriptions of data were verbatim, and the eight steps of Tesch’s thematic analysis were utilised for coding. The two main themes that emerged from the analysis of the data were as follows; Theme 1: Student radiographers: surviving or thriving and Theme 2: Fundamental components motivating the character of the WPL programme. This research study is presided by methods that ensure trustworthiness and ethical research practices. As a result of the findings, six recommendations were proposed which involve the higher education institution, clinical tutors, and qualified radiographers to ensure that student radiographers become skilled, confident, and competent qualified radiographers. , Thesis (MTech) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Care & Medicinal Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-04
Justification of chest mobile radiographic examinations: : experiences of radiographers in a private radiology practice in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District
- Authors: Barnardo, Linda-Ann
- Date: 2023-04
- Subjects: Radiographer , Radiation protection , Mobile radiographic
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/66367 , vital:74719
- Description: The principle of justification in radiographic imaging aims to best answer a medical question while evaluating the expected benefits of radiation exposure against the probable detriment to the individual patient. The implementation of justification in radiography requires the assessment and evaluation of chest mobile radiographic requests against justification criteria, considering the underpinning principles of radiation: justification, optimisation and authorisation. Diagnostic chest mobile radiographic imaging has been part of healthcare for the last century. Medico-legal requirements by the professional registration body, the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA), identify justification as an advocated and obligatory practice among radiographers. Yet, justification remains an inconsistent practice among South African radiographers due to several challenges in the healthcare setting. The aim of this study was to investigate the experiences of radiographers regarding the justification of chest mobile radiographic examination requests in a private radiology practice in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District (NMBHD). A qualitative, exploratory-descriptive and contextual research design was used to gain in-depth data of the experiences of South African radiographers regarding the justification of chest mobile radiographic requests. Data were gathered from the participants using unstructured, open-ended, in-depth individual interviews. Data were transcribed verbatim and coded using Tesch’s eight steps of data coding and analysis process. Two principal themes were constructed during data analysis. Theme one identified the barriers and associated affective responses related to the appropriate implementation of justification of mobile chest radiographic examinations. Theme two recognised recommendations to enhance the implementation of justification by radiographers for mobile chest radiographic examinations. The research study was governed by methods to ensure trustworthiness and ethical practices. Based on the findings of this study, four recommendations were developed to assist radiographers to establish whether a request for mobile radiographic chest examinations is appropriately justified, which can contribute to establishing a radiation safety culture in the research setting pertaining to chest mobile radiography. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Health Science, School of Clinical Care Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-04
- Authors: Barnardo, Linda-Ann
- Date: 2023-04
- Subjects: Radiographer , Radiation protection , Mobile radiographic
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/66367 , vital:74719
- Description: The principle of justification in radiographic imaging aims to best answer a medical question while evaluating the expected benefits of radiation exposure against the probable detriment to the individual patient. The implementation of justification in radiography requires the assessment and evaluation of chest mobile radiographic requests against justification criteria, considering the underpinning principles of radiation: justification, optimisation and authorisation. Diagnostic chest mobile radiographic imaging has been part of healthcare for the last century. Medico-legal requirements by the professional registration body, the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA), identify justification as an advocated and obligatory practice among radiographers. Yet, justification remains an inconsistent practice among South African radiographers due to several challenges in the healthcare setting. The aim of this study was to investigate the experiences of radiographers regarding the justification of chest mobile radiographic examination requests in a private radiology practice in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District (NMBHD). A qualitative, exploratory-descriptive and contextual research design was used to gain in-depth data of the experiences of South African radiographers regarding the justification of chest mobile radiographic requests. Data were gathered from the participants using unstructured, open-ended, in-depth individual interviews. Data were transcribed verbatim and coded using Tesch’s eight steps of data coding and analysis process. Two principal themes were constructed during data analysis. Theme one identified the barriers and associated affective responses related to the appropriate implementation of justification of mobile chest radiographic examinations. Theme two recognised recommendations to enhance the implementation of justification by radiographers for mobile chest radiographic examinations. The research study was governed by methods to ensure trustworthiness and ethical practices. Based on the findings of this study, four recommendations were developed to assist radiographers to establish whether a request for mobile radiographic chest examinations is appropriately justified, which can contribute to establishing a radiation safety culture in the research setting pertaining to chest mobile radiography. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Health Science, School of Clinical Care Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-04
Justification of chest mobile radiographic examinations: experiences of radiographers in a private radiology practice in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District
- Authors: Barnardo,Linda-Ann
- Date: 2023-04
- Subjects: Chest -- Radiography , Radiography, Medical -- Positioning , Radiation -- Safety measures
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/69673 , vital:78008
- Description: The principle of justification in radiographic imaging aims to best answer a medical question while evaluating the expected benefits of radiation exposure against the probable detriment to the individual patient. The implementation of justification in radiography requires the assessment and evaluation of chest mobile radiographic requests against justification criteria, considering the underpinning principles of radiation: justification, optimisation and authorisation. Diagnostic chest mobile radiographic imaging has been part of healthcare for the last century. Medico-legal requirements by the professional registration body, the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA), identify justification as an advocated and obligatory practice among radiographers. Yet, justification remains an inconsistent practice among South African radiographers due to several challenges in the healthcare setting. The aim of this study was to investigate the experiences of radiographers regarding the justification of chest mobile radiographic examination requests in a private radiology practice in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District (NMBHD). A qualitative, exploratory-descriptive and contextual research design was used to gain in-depth data of the experiences of South African radiographers regarding the justification of chest mobile radiographic requests. Data were gathered from the participants using unstructured, open-ended, in-depth individual interviews. Data were transcribed verbatim and coded using Tesch’s eight steps of data coding and analysis process. Two principal themes were constructed during data analysis. Theme one identified the barriers and associated affective responses related to the appropriate implementation of justification of mobile chest radiographic examinations. Theme two recognised recommendations to enhance the implementation of justification by radiographers for mobile chest radiographic examinations. The research study was governed by methods to ensure trustworthiness and ethical practices. Based on the findings of this study, four recommendations were developed to assist radiographers to establish whether a request for mobile radiographic chest examinations is appropriately justified, which can contribute to establishing a radiation safety culture in the research setting pertaining to chest mobile radiography. , Thesis (MTech) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Care & Medicinal Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-04
- Authors: Barnardo,Linda-Ann
- Date: 2023-04
- Subjects: Chest -- Radiography , Radiography, Medical -- Positioning , Radiation -- Safety measures
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/69673 , vital:78008
- Description: The principle of justification in radiographic imaging aims to best answer a medical question while evaluating the expected benefits of radiation exposure against the probable detriment to the individual patient. The implementation of justification in radiography requires the assessment and evaluation of chest mobile radiographic requests against justification criteria, considering the underpinning principles of radiation: justification, optimisation and authorisation. Diagnostic chest mobile radiographic imaging has been part of healthcare for the last century. Medico-legal requirements by the professional registration body, the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA), identify justification as an advocated and obligatory practice among radiographers. Yet, justification remains an inconsistent practice among South African radiographers due to several challenges in the healthcare setting. The aim of this study was to investigate the experiences of radiographers regarding the justification of chest mobile radiographic examination requests in a private radiology practice in the Nelson Mandela Bay Health District (NMBHD). A qualitative, exploratory-descriptive and contextual research design was used to gain in-depth data of the experiences of South African radiographers regarding the justification of chest mobile radiographic requests. Data were gathered from the participants using unstructured, open-ended, in-depth individual interviews. Data were transcribed verbatim and coded using Tesch’s eight steps of data coding and analysis process. Two principal themes were constructed during data analysis. Theme one identified the barriers and associated affective responses related to the appropriate implementation of justification of mobile chest radiographic examinations. Theme two recognised recommendations to enhance the implementation of justification by radiographers for mobile chest radiographic examinations. The research study was governed by methods to ensure trustworthiness and ethical practices. Based on the findings of this study, four recommendations were developed to assist radiographers to establish whether a request for mobile radiographic chest examinations is appropriately justified, which can contribute to establishing a radiation safety culture in the research setting pertaining to chest mobile radiography. , Thesis (MTech) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Care & Medicinal Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-04
NSFAS-funded Students’ Financial Wellness Perceptions and Experiences as a Component of Holistic Wellbeing: An Exploratory Study
- Authors: Peters, Melody
- Date: 2023-04
- Subjects: Student wellbeing , Financial wellness , NSFAS-funded students,
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/66604 , vital:76028
- Description: Thousands of students from previously disadvantaged backgrounds are funded annually by the National Student Financial Aid Scheme (NSFAS). Since its inception in 1995, it has had great success providing opportunities for those in poverty, working towards rectifying the injustices of Apartheid. However, attrition rates are high. Higher Education research has recently focused on student wellbeing and wellness. The latest research in 2020 from Nelson Mandela University (NMU) recommends further studies in financial wellness, as it lacks representation in the literature. A qualitative, explorative study was conducted with NSFAS-funded student participants who are currently registered at NMU. Six participants were recruited using a snowballing sampling technique and were interviewed using a face-to-face semi-structured interview. The aim was to explore NSFAS-funded students’ perceptions of financial wellness and their financial experiences during university. The financial experiences were reviewed as a component of holistic wellbeing. Prilleltensky’s ecological model of justice and wellbeing provided the theoretical framework with a financial wellness model integrated into Prilleltensky’s model. Data analysis, using thematic analysis, was carried out, and a model of trustworthiness was utilized to ensure the reliability and validity of the qualitative data and research process. Findings from the research conducted revealed that financial wellness is perceived as the meeting of basic needs whereas associations of financial wellness are perceived in greater quality and quantity of possessions and greater psychological wellbeing. Obtaining financial wellness is dependent on family, personal choice, and financial literacy skills. NSFAS errors generates stress and the NSFAS process creates a reciprocal financial relationship between the student and the family system. The university provides institutional support which can assist or create more stress for students. Participants’ financial experiences impact their psychological and social wellbeing, but despite these difficulties participants show resilience when faced with adversity. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Science, School of Behavioral Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-04
- Authors: Peters, Melody
- Date: 2023-04
- Subjects: Student wellbeing , Financial wellness , NSFAS-funded students,
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/66604 , vital:76028
- Description: Thousands of students from previously disadvantaged backgrounds are funded annually by the National Student Financial Aid Scheme (NSFAS). Since its inception in 1995, it has had great success providing opportunities for those in poverty, working towards rectifying the injustices of Apartheid. However, attrition rates are high. Higher Education research has recently focused on student wellbeing and wellness. The latest research in 2020 from Nelson Mandela University (NMU) recommends further studies in financial wellness, as it lacks representation in the literature. A qualitative, explorative study was conducted with NSFAS-funded student participants who are currently registered at NMU. Six participants were recruited using a snowballing sampling technique and were interviewed using a face-to-face semi-structured interview. The aim was to explore NSFAS-funded students’ perceptions of financial wellness and their financial experiences during university. The financial experiences were reviewed as a component of holistic wellbeing. Prilleltensky’s ecological model of justice and wellbeing provided the theoretical framework with a financial wellness model integrated into Prilleltensky’s model. Data analysis, using thematic analysis, was carried out, and a model of trustworthiness was utilized to ensure the reliability and validity of the qualitative data and research process. Findings from the research conducted revealed that financial wellness is perceived as the meeting of basic needs whereas associations of financial wellness are perceived in greater quality and quantity of possessions and greater psychological wellbeing. Obtaining financial wellness is dependent on family, personal choice, and financial literacy skills. NSFAS errors generates stress and the NSFAS process creates a reciprocal financial relationship between the student and the family system. The university provides institutional support which can assist or create more stress for students. Participants’ financial experiences impact their psychological and social wellbeing, but despite these difficulties participants show resilience when faced with adversity. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Science, School of Behavioral Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-04
Parental perceptions of their child’s social and emotional wellness amid a diagnosis of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
- Authors: Colloty, Elizabeth
- Date: 2023-04
- Subjects: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder , Emotional wellness , Social wellness
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/66378 , vital:75037
- Description: Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is well described from a biomedical perspective, which is consistent with the typical pharmacological treatment approach. Measures of improvement are for the most part based on the scholastic performance. However, a child’s wellness is not only limited to academic performance, but also involves their functioning outside of the learning environment. It is therefore important to explore alternative measures of social and emotional wellness to support the biomedical treatment of a child. This study explored parental perceptions related to the social and emotional wellness of a diagnosed child, using principles of wellness put forward by Roscoe (2009). It took an instrumental case study approach using a semi-structured interview to gather data with a single participant. The participant is the parent of a child diagnosed with ADHD and was selected through non-probability purposive sampling. Data collection and analysis followed Miles, Huberman, and Saldana’s (2020) data analysis method. Lincoln and Guba’s (1985) model of trustworthiness was used to ensure the integrity of the study. Findings confirmed the prioritisation of academic wellness above that of social and emotional wellness. Parental emotional intelligence is vital to the child’s social and emotional wellness. Parental investment into the child’s exploration of self may further contribute to a positive, realistic and development sense of self which fosters resilience. Based on these findings, a multimodal intervention approach to ADHD is suggested. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Behavioral Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-04
- Authors: Colloty, Elizabeth
- Date: 2023-04
- Subjects: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder , Emotional wellness , Social wellness
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/66378 , vital:75037
- Description: Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is well described from a biomedical perspective, which is consistent with the typical pharmacological treatment approach. Measures of improvement are for the most part based on the scholastic performance. However, a child’s wellness is not only limited to academic performance, but also involves their functioning outside of the learning environment. It is therefore important to explore alternative measures of social and emotional wellness to support the biomedical treatment of a child. This study explored parental perceptions related to the social and emotional wellness of a diagnosed child, using principles of wellness put forward by Roscoe (2009). It took an instrumental case study approach using a semi-structured interview to gather data with a single participant. The participant is the parent of a child diagnosed with ADHD and was selected through non-probability purposive sampling. Data collection and analysis followed Miles, Huberman, and Saldana’s (2020) data analysis method. Lincoln and Guba’s (1985) model of trustworthiness was used to ensure the integrity of the study. Findings confirmed the prioritisation of academic wellness above that of social and emotional wellness. Parental emotional intelligence is vital to the child’s social and emotional wellness. Parental investment into the child’s exploration of self may further contribute to a positive, realistic and development sense of self which fosters resilience. Based on these findings, a multimodal intervention approach to ADHD is suggested. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Behavioral Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-04
Perceptions of mental illness among the residents of the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa: The influence of culture and religion on their coping strategies.: subtitle if needed. If no subtitle follow instructions in manual
- Authors: Sikrweqe, Odwa
- Date: 2023-04
- Subjects: Mental illness , Mental illness--Religious aspects , Mental illness-- Culture aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/60445 , vital:65507
- Description: Mental illness has become a global concern, with consequences that may result in a mental health pandemic. Studies conducted on mental illness suggest that religious and cultural beliefs not only affect the expression of mental illness, but also the diagnosis and treatment of mental conditions. South Africa is a country imbued with cultural and religious diversity, which creates different groupings of people, holding diverse beliefs regarding mental illness. In many contexts, supernatural beliefs, traditional healing and indigenous medicines and treatments are considered in the treatment of the symptoms associated with mental illnesses, especially on contexts where there is a reliance on religio-cultural beliefs. Even though there has been a significant increase in the contribution to research focusing on mental health in diverse contexts, much of this research has focused on subjective experiences. Little to no information is available on population-based studies in South Africa regarding mental illness in diverse contexts, thus limiting the generalisation of findings related to cultural and religious influences on mental illness. This dearth of information further limits the development of psychological interventions. The study aimed to explore how mental illness is perceived by the participants and thereafter explored the influence of culture and religion in coping with mental illness by the residents of the Eastern Cape. The study was quantitative in nature and adopted an exploratory-descriptive design. The researcher made use of a questionnaire as a research tool and QuestionPro was utilized as a platform. A convenience sampling technique was utilised. In ensuring rigour of the study, the researcher ensured maximal validity (accurate representation of the data) and reliability (ability to repeat the research procedure). Ethical principles have been adhered to as per the principles on the Belmont Report, to ensure safety of the participants and this includes anonymity, confidentiality and the right to withdraw from participation in the study. Data has been analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. A sample size of 101 participants from the general population of residents of the Eastern Cape completed the online survey. The results of the study revealed that the residents of the Eastern Cape have substantial knowledge pertaining the cause of mental illness and indicated both positive and negative attitudes towards the mentally ill and possess coping strategies to deal with a mental illness. In addition, the results show that there is a relation between religion/culture and coping with a mental illness by the participants of the study. The findings of this study emphasize the necessity of public education efforts that understand and respect people's cultural diversity, as well as teamwork among traditional and medical professionals. Future studies should focus on the use of discourse analysis to better investigate indigenous groups' conceptions of mental illness and their views about its aetiology and treatment. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Behavioural Science, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-04
- Authors: Sikrweqe, Odwa
- Date: 2023-04
- Subjects: Mental illness , Mental illness--Religious aspects , Mental illness-- Culture aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/60445 , vital:65507
- Description: Mental illness has become a global concern, with consequences that may result in a mental health pandemic. Studies conducted on mental illness suggest that religious and cultural beliefs not only affect the expression of mental illness, but also the diagnosis and treatment of mental conditions. South Africa is a country imbued with cultural and religious diversity, which creates different groupings of people, holding diverse beliefs regarding mental illness. In many contexts, supernatural beliefs, traditional healing and indigenous medicines and treatments are considered in the treatment of the symptoms associated with mental illnesses, especially on contexts where there is a reliance on religio-cultural beliefs. Even though there has been a significant increase in the contribution to research focusing on mental health in diverse contexts, much of this research has focused on subjective experiences. Little to no information is available on population-based studies in South Africa regarding mental illness in diverse contexts, thus limiting the generalisation of findings related to cultural and religious influences on mental illness. This dearth of information further limits the development of psychological interventions. The study aimed to explore how mental illness is perceived by the participants and thereafter explored the influence of culture and religion in coping with mental illness by the residents of the Eastern Cape. The study was quantitative in nature and adopted an exploratory-descriptive design. The researcher made use of a questionnaire as a research tool and QuestionPro was utilized as a platform. A convenience sampling technique was utilised. In ensuring rigour of the study, the researcher ensured maximal validity (accurate representation of the data) and reliability (ability to repeat the research procedure). Ethical principles have been adhered to as per the principles on the Belmont Report, to ensure safety of the participants and this includes anonymity, confidentiality and the right to withdraw from participation in the study. Data has been analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. A sample size of 101 participants from the general population of residents of the Eastern Cape completed the online survey. The results of the study revealed that the residents of the Eastern Cape have substantial knowledge pertaining the cause of mental illness and indicated both positive and negative attitudes towards the mentally ill and possess coping strategies to deal with a mental illness. In addition, the results show that there is a relation between religion/culture and coping with a mental illness by the participants of the study. The findings of this study emphasize the necessity of public education efforts that understand and respect people's cultural diversity, as well as teamwork among traditional and medical professionals. Future studies should focus on the use of discourse analysis to better investigate indigenous groups' conceptions of mental illness and their views about its aetiology and treatment. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Behavioural Science, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-04
Perceptions of veterinary pharmaceutical role players on client information leaflets for companion animal medicines in South Africa
- Authors: Moodley, Leshania
- Date: 2023-04
- Subjects: Veterinary drugs , Veterinary medicine , Veterinary pharmacology
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/69659 , vital:78006
- Description: The companion animal veterinary pharmaceutical industry has evolved over the years. This refers to not only an increasing number of veterinary medicines on the market, but also an increasing demand from clients or pet owners for seeking access to healthcare information. This study looks at the adequacy of existing package inserts as a source of veterinary medicine information for clients. The study employed a qualitative design using semi-structured interviews with industry key role players such as Industry veterinarians, Regulatory affairs pharmacists and agency regulators. This population contribute meaningfully to either the creation or approval for the content that is included in veterinary medicine package inserts and respective guidelines and regulations. Their perceptions were analysed through thematic analysis using an inductive approach. The package insert was considered a valuable and trustworthy document for medicine information. One of the reasons for this observation was that it followed stringent control and approvals processes governed by respective regulatory agencies, South African Health Product Regulatory Agency (SAHPRA) and Department of Agriculture Land Reform and Rural Development (DALRRD), in South Africa. The main finding of this study was that the package insert was not suited for client and pet owner needs. This was chiefly consequential to readability and comprehension limitations of the package insert to the client. The study yielded a model client information e-leaflet template for companion animal veterinary medicines presented in a simple question-and-answer language style that addressed barriers identified in the use of the package insert by pet owners. This also included specific content and design preferences that participants considered the most significant for a client or pet owner. It is proposed that the model client information leaflet be made available on both a printed and digital platform to consider the needs of all clients and pet owners. This study revealed that veterinary medicine package inserts that are currently only available as a hardcopy printed document may be obsolete in this form and should be made accessible to healthcare professionals via a digital platform. The study concluded that further research is required and will be worthwhile in the field of leaflet digitalisation for the full implementation of the model client information e-leaflet and package insert. , Thesis (MPharm) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Care & Medicinal Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-04
- Authors: Moodley, Leshania
- Date: 2023-04
- Subjects: Veterinary drugs , Veterinary medicine , Veterinary pharmacology
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/69659 , vital:78006
- Description: The companion animal veterinary pharmaceutical industry has evolved over the years. This refers to not only an increasing number of veterinary medicines on the market, but also an increasing demand from clients or pet owners for seeking access to healthcare information. This study looks at the adequacy of existing package inserts as a source of veterinary medicine information for clients. The study employed a qualitative design using semi-structured interviews with industry key role players such as Industry veterinarians, Regulatory affairs pharmacists and agency regulators. This population contribute meaningfully to either the creation or approval for the content that is included in veterinary medicine package inserts and respective guidelines and regulations. Their perceptions were analysed through thematic analysis using an inductive approach. The package insert was considered a valuable and trustworthy document for medicine information. One of the reasons for this observation was that it followed stringent control and approvals processes governed by respective regulatory agencies, South African Health Product Regulatory Agency (SAHPRA) and Department of Agriculture Land Reform and Rural Development (DALRRD), in South Africa. The main finding of this study was that the package insert was not suited for client and pet owner needs. This was chiefly consequential to readability and comprehension limitations of the package insert to the client. The study yielded a model client information e-leaflet template for companion animal veterinary medicines presented in a simple question-and-answer language style that addressed barriers identified in the use of the package insert by pet owners. This also included specific content and design preferences that participants considered the most significant for a client or pet owner. It is proposed that the model client information leaflet be made available on both a printed and digital platform to consider the needs of all clients and pet owners. This study revealed that veterinary medicine package inserts that are currently only available as a hardcopy printed document may be obsolete in this form and should be made accessible to healthcare professionals via a digital platform. The study concluded that further research is required and will be worthwhile in the field of leaflet digitalisation for the full implementation of the model client information e-leaflet and package insert. , Thesis (MPharm) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Care & Medicinal Sciences, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-04