The developmental role of migrant worker remittances: A case study of Tsholotsho District in the Matabeleland North Province of Zimbabwe
- Authors: Nzima, Divane
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Migrant labor -- Zimbabwe , Foreign workers -- Zimbabwe , Zimbabwe -- Economic conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M Soc Sc (Sociology)
- Identifier: vital:11957 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1015360 , Migrant labor -- Zimbabwe , Foreign workers -- Zimbabwe , Zimbabwe -- Economic conditions
- Description: Migrant remittances have been cited as one of the most rising forms of development financing. Migration-development scholarly debates have often made comparisons between migrant remittances and some of the most popular forms of development financing such as development aid. The development-migration debates have often contended that migrant remittances are fast growing and surpassing the popular forms of development financing. This study sought to examine the developmental role of migrant remittances in the rural district of Tsholotsho in Zimbabwe. Given that there are millions of Zimbabwean migrants working in South Africa, the study sought to examine the possible use of migrant remittances in the creation of sustainable livelihoods. In addition, the study focused on examining the skills and opportunities that are necessary in the creation of an enabling environment for investment as well as assessing the multiplier effect that result from the inflow of migrant remittances within the local economy. The study followed a mixed methods methodological approach wherein a quantitative survey and qualitative in-depth interviews were used to gather data. The findings of this study revealed that migrant remittances are central in the livelihoods of poor people in Tsholotsho and they have potential to create sustainable livelihoods. While skills and opportunities to drive entrepreneurial activity exist, there is need to deal with structural barriers in order to create an enabling environment for the creation of sustainable livelihoods through savings and investment. The study recommends the prioritization of education, improved access to the credit system and the development of cooperatives. These could assist in achieving sustainable livelihoods through migrant remittances.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Nzima, Divane
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Migrant labor -- Zimbabwe , Foreign workers -- Zimbabwe , Zimbabwe -- Economic conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M Soc Sc (Sociology)
- Identifier: vital:11957 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1015360 , Migrant labor -- Zimbabwe , Foreign workers -- Zimbabwe , Zimbabwe -- Economic conditions
- Description: Migrant remittances have been cited as one of the most rising forms of development financing. Migration-development scholarly debates have often made comparisons between migrant remittances and some of the most popular forms of development financing such as development aid. The development-migration debates have often contended that migrant remittances are fast growing and surpassing the popular forms of development financing. This study sought to examine the developmental role of migrant remittances in the rural district of Tsholotsho in Zimbabwe. Given that there are millions of Zimbabwean migrants working in South Africa, the study sought to examine the possible use of migrant remittances in the creation of sustainable livelihoods. In addition, the study focused on examining the skills and opportunities that are necessary in the creation of an enabling environment for investment as well as assessing the multiplier effect that result from the inflow of migrant remittances within the local economy. The study followed a mixed methods methodological approach wherein a quantitative survey and qualitative in-depth interviews were used to gather data. The findings of this study revealed that migrant remittances are central in the livelihoods of poor people in Tsholotsho and they have potential to create sustainable livelihoods. While skills and opportunities to drive entrepreneurial activity exist, there is need to deal with structural barriers in order to create an enabling environment for the creation of sustainable livelihoods through savings and investment. The study recommends the prioritization of education, improved access to the credit system and the development of cooperatives. These could assist in achieving sustainable livelihoods through migrant remittances.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
The effectiveness of social support mechanisms provided to HIV and AIDS opharns: the case of Tembisa child and family welfare society, Gauteng
- Authors: Khumalo, Princess Sengeziwe
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Child welfare -- South Africa -- Gauteng -- Case studies , HIV infections -- South Africa -- Gauteng , Children of AIDS patients -- Services for South Africa -- Gauteng , AIDS (Disease)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M SW
- Identifier: vital:11761 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1005633 , Child welfare -- South Africa -- Gauteng -- Case studies , HIV infections -- South Africa -- Gauteng , Children of AIDS patients -- Services for South Africa -- Gauteng , AIDS (Disease)
- Description: The study was aimed at investigating the effectiveness of social support mechanisms provided to HIV and AIDS orphans in Tembisa, Gauteng Province. An interview guide was designed and it guided the in-depth interviews with HIV and AIDS affected and infected orphans. In addition, a focus group was run with the social workers and the children‟s caregivers. Empirical findings gathered were based on the qualitative information from the participants. The findings indicated that social support systems were effective although there were various challenges facing their smooth running. Firstly social support provided to orphans is mainly provided by caregivers, social workers, schools and the government. Secondly for some, the support is not entirely enough to help them cope with life. The minority of the orphans indicated that they were not even aware that they were orphaned. The study therefore recommends that social workers and caregivers be trained on how to be effective social support systems for HIV and AIDS orphans. Furthermore psycho-social support groups need to be more informational and inclusive of HIV and AIDS orphans.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Khumalo, Princess Sengeziwe
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Child welfare -- South Africa -- Gauteng -- Case studies , HIV infections -- South Africa -- Gauteng , Children of AIDS patients -- Services for South Africa -- Gauteng , AIDS (Disease)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M SW
- Identifier: vital:11761 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1005633 , Child welfare -- South Africa -- Gauteng -- Case studies , HIV infections -- South Africa -- Gauteng , Children of AIDS patients -- Services for South Africa -- Gauteng , AIDS (Disease)
- Description: The study was aimed at investigating the effectiveness of social support mechanisms provided to HIV and AIDS orphans in Tembisa, Gauteng Province. An interview guide was designed and it guided the in-depth interviews with HIV and AIDS affected and infected orphans. In addition, a focus group was run with the social workers and the children‟s caregivers. Empirical findings gathered were based on the qualitative information from the participants. The findings indicated that social support systems were effective although there were various challenges facing their smooth running. Firstly social support provided to orphans is mainly provided by caregivers, social workers, schools and the government. Secondly for some, the support is not entirely enough to help them cope with life. The minority of the orphans indicated that they were not even aware that they were orphaned. The study therefore recommends that social workers and caregivers be trained on how to be effective social support systems for HIV and AIDS orphans. Furthermore psycho-social support groups need to be more informational and inclusive of HIV and AIDS orphans.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
The Effects of Gender Based Violence on Children: A Case Study of Zimunya Community of Mutare District in Zimbabwe
- Authors: Chindoti, Mwanyara Beatrice
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Violence -- Zimbabwe -- Psychological aspects , Children and violence -- Zimbabwe , Social work with juvenile delinquents -- Zimbabwe
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M SW
- Identifier: vital:11769 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1015382 , Violence -- Zimbabwe -- Psychological aspects , Children and violence -- Zimbabwe , Social work with juvenile delinquents -- Zimbabwe
- Description: This study investigated the effects of gender based violence on children in the Zimunya community of Mutare in Zimbabwe. A qualitative approach was used to gather data, thus thirty children from thirty households from three wards were interviewed and three focus groups were conducted with women from the three wards of Zimunya. The outcomes of the research reveal that gender based violence have negative effects on children who are affected physically, socially, emotionally and psychologically. In other words, gender based violence impacts negatively on the development of the affected children. In the areas under study, domestic violence was identified as the most prevalent types of violence experienced by children in these communities. This is in spite of the fact that there are many services that are provided to protect children and their mothers from violent situations. The role played by support service groups cannot be undermined as they contributed to the reduction of violence in some homes. It is thus concluded that, in as much as services are provided by both government and non-government organizations to the victims of violence, many affected people were not utilizing them fully. Additionally, some research participants showed a certain level of confusion in distinguishing between services provided for children from those provided for women. This study therefore recommends that awareness campaigns should be carried out in many communities in Zimbabwe so as to inform women and children about the availability support services, what they are meant for and for whom. Additionally, the gender violence topic should also be introduced in primary and secondary school syllabuses of Zimbabwe so as to make all children aware of their rights and responsibilities as they grow up.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Chindoti, Mwanyara Beatrice
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Violence -- Zimbabwe -- Psychological aspects , Children and violence -- Zimbabwe , Social work with juvenile delinquents -- Zimbabwe
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M SW
- Identifier: vital:11769 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1015382 , Violence -- Zimbabwe -- Psychological aspects , Children and violence -- Zimbabwe , Social work with juvenile delinquents -- Zimbabwe
- Description: This study investigated the effects of gender based violence on children in the Zimunya community of Mutare in Zimbabwe. A qualitative approach was used to gather data, thus thirty children from thirty households from three wards were interviewed and three focus groups were conducted with women from the three wards of Zimunya. The outcomes of the research reveal that gender based violence have negative effects on children who are affected physically, socially, emotionally and psychologically. In other words, gender based violence impacts negatively on the development of the affected children. In the areas under study, domestic violence was identified as the most prevalent types of violence experienced by children in these communities. This is in spite of the fact that there are many services that are provided to protect children and their mothers from violent situations. The role played by support service groups cannot be undermined as they contributed to the reduction of violence in some homes. It is thus concluded that, in as much as services are provided by both government and non-government organizations to the victims of violence, many affected people were not utilizing them fully. Additionally, some research participants showed a certain level of confusion in distinguishing between services provided for children from those provided for women. This study therefore recommends that awareness campaigns should be carried out in many communities in Zimbabwe so as to inform women and children about the availability support services, what they are meant for and for whom. Additionally, the gender violence topic should also be introduced in primary and secondary school syllabuses of Zimbabwe so as to make all children aware of their rights and responsibilities as they grow up.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
The impact of alcohol on the sexual behaviour of adolescent males in Nkonkobe municipality
- Authors: Takatshana, Sinovuyo
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Risk-taking (Psychology) in adolescence , Teenagers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Teenagers -- Sexual behaviour -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Youth -- Alcohol use -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Teenagers -- Alcohol use -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Youth -- Sexual behaviour -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Alcoholism -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M Soc Sc (Psych)
- Identifier: vital:11612 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1005986 , Risk-taking (Psychology) in adolescence , Teenagers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Teenagers -- Sexual behaviour -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Youth -- Alcohol use -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Teenagers -- Alcohol use -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Youth -- Sexual behaviour -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Alcoholism -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Description: The study aimed at investigating the impact of alcohol on the sexual behaviour of male adolescents, with the purpose of establishing whether a relationship exists between alcohol use and risky sexual behaviour (i.e. multiple partners, unprotected, and unplanned sex) by adolescent males. Data was collected by means of an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire. The sample consisted of 176 male high school learners, aged between 14 and 25, from one school in the Nkonkobe Municipality, Eastern Cape Province. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to obtain data analyses which included descriptive statistics and cross-tabulation (with specific reference to Chi-square analysis), and all procedures were performed at 0.05 level of significance with 95% Confidence Interval. A relationship between alcohol use and risky sexual behaviour was found to exist. A statistically significant correlation was found in support of the alcohol/risky sex hypothesis. Another significant finding was the increase noted in safer sex practises among adolescents. Finally, the findings were correlated to implications.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Takatshana, Sinovuyo
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Risk-taking (Psychology) in adolescence , Teenagers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Teenagers -- Sexual behaviour -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Youth -- Alcohol use -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Teenagers -- Alcohol use -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Youth -- Sexual behaviour -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Alcoholism -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M Soc Sc (Psych)
- Identifier: vital:11612 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1005986 , Risk-taking (Psychology) in adolescence , Teenagers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Teenagers -- Sexual behaviour -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Youth -- Alcohol use -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Teenagers -- Alcohol use -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Youth -- Sexual behaviour -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Alcoholism -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Description: The study aimed at investigating the impact of alcohol on the sexual behaviour of male adolescents, with the purpose of establishing whether a relationship exists between alcohol use and risky sexual behaviour (i.e. multiple partners, unprotected, and unplanned sex) by adolescent males. Data was collected by means of an anonymous, self-administered questionnaire. The sample consisted of 176 male high school learners, aged between 14 and 25, from one school in the Nkonkobe Municipality, Eastern Cape Province. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to obtain data analyses which included descriptive statistics and cross-tabulation (with specific reference to Chi-square analysis), and all procedures were performed at 0.05 level of significance with 95% Confidence Interval. A relationship between alcohol use and risky sexual behaviour was found to exist. A statistically significant correlation was found in support of the alcohol/risky sex hypothesis. Another significant finding was the increase noted in safer sex practises among adolescents. Finally, the findings were correlated to implications.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
The impact of donor-funded community empowerment projects on poverty alleviation: a case of selected projects in Chiredzi district of Zimbabwe
- Authors: Mundau, Mulwayini
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Poverty -- Zimbabwe , Non-governmental organizations -- Zimbabwe , Economic assistance -- Zimbabwe , Community development -- Zimbabwe , Donor-advised funds -- Zimbabwe -- Case studies
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M SW
- Identifier: vital:11762 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1005637 , Poverty -- Zimbabwe , Non-governmental organizations -- Zimbabwe , Economic assistance -- Zimbabwe , Community development -- Zimbabwe , Donor-advised funds -- Zimbabwe -- Case studies
- Description: The aim of the study was to carry out an investigation into the impact of donor-funded community empowerment projects on poverty alleviation. The data for this study were from the use of triangulation method of data collection which enhanced the assessment of the impact of donor funded community empowerment projects on poverty alleviation with specific focus on selected projects in the Chiredzi district of Zimbabwe. The findings of the study show the need for adoption of empowerment inclined practices by the local NGOs. There is need for community involvement in decision making, project ownership, and clear lines of communication with the NGOs, among others. However the findings also show the strength in linking project members with relevant institutions, and training, in order to ensure sustainability of community projects in ensuring community empowerment towards poverty eradication.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Mundau, Mulwayini
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Poverty -- Zimbabwe , Non-governmental organizations -- Zimbabwe , Economic assistance -- Zimbabwe , Community development -- Zimbabwe , Donor-advised funds -- Zimbabwe -- Case studies
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M SW
- Identifier: vital:11762 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1005637 , Poverty -- Zimbabwe , Non-governmental organizations -- Zimbabwe , Economic assistance -- Zimbabwe , Community development -- Zimbabwe , Donor-advised funds -- Zimbabwe -- Case studies
- Description: The aim of the study was to carry out an investigation into the impact of donor-funded community empowerment projects on poverty alleviation. The data for this study were from the use of triangulation method of data collection which enhanced the assessment of the impact of donor funded community empowerment projects on poverty alleviation with specific focus on selected projects in the Chiredzi district of Zimbabwe. The findings of the study show the need for adoption of empowerment inclined practices by the local NGOs. There is need for community involvement in decision making, project ownership, and clear lines of communication with the NGOs, among others. However the findings also show the strength in linking project members with relevant institutions, and training, in order to ensure sustainability of community projects in ensuring community empowerment towards poverty eradication.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
The perception of the effectiveness of sexual education as a means of reducing pregnancies in the Blue Crane Route municipality
- Authors: Hendricks, Eleanor Alvira
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Sexual abstinence , Youth -- Sexual behavior
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M SW
- Identifier: vital:11771 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1015435 , Sexual abstinence , Youth -- Sexual behavior
- Description: Adolescent pregnancy among students across South Africa is a growing concern. The high incidence of dropping out of school results in greatly diminished chances of success and independence for many. Sex education forms part of the life orientation curriculum, and it has been put in place by the Department of Education as a measure to reduce the prevalence of adolescent pregnancy. Parents of adolescents play a vital role in educating their children on sexual matters, secondary to that is community educations on sexual matters in aid of uplifting communities. The aim of the study was to explore the perception of how effective sex education could be a means of reducing pregnancies in the Blue Crane Route Municipality. To achieve this aim, three objectives and three research questions were articulated. The objectives were to explore the course content of life orientation provided to adolescents, to investigate by questioning adolescents concerning the importance of life orientation in their lives and to examine the factors responsible for the escalation of adolescent pregnancies in the municipality. The research questions were: How adequate was the course content of life orientation in helping adolescents in their sexual lives? How useful was life orientation to adolescent girls? What are the factors that increase the incidence of adolescent pregnancies in the municipality? Qualitative data was obtained through semi-structured interviews; focus group discussions were conducted with students, social workers and life orientation educators and observations made by them were recorded. Data was analysed thematically and was supported by relevant literature. The findings revealed that sex education is not effective in reducing pregnancies in the Blue Crane Route Municipality. The figures for adolescent pregnancy in schools have increased since 2007, when sex education was introduced as part of the life orientation curriculum. Accordingly, it is recommended that the Department of Education should re-evaluate the curriculum and appoint educators who are sufficiently trained in life orientation to make learners properly aware of the consequences of unwanted pregnancies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Hendricks, Eleanor Alvira
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Sexual abstinence , Youth -- Sexual behavior
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M SW
- Identifier: vital:11771 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1015435 , Sexual abstinence , Youth -- Sexual behavior
- Description: Adolescent pregnancy among students across South Africa is a growing concern. The high incidence of dropping out of school results in greatly diminished chances of success and independence for many. Sex education forms part of the life orientation curriculum, and it has been put in place by the Department of Education as a measure to reduce the prevalence of adolescent pregnancy. Parents of adolescents play a vital role in educating their children on sexual matters, secondary to that is community educations on sexual matters in aid of uplifting communities. The aim of the study was to explore the perception of how effective sex education could be a means of reducing pregnancies in the Blue Crane Route Municipality. To achieve this aim, three objectives and three research questions were articulated. The objectives were to explore the course content of life orientation provided to adolescents, to investigate by questioning adolescents concerning the importance of life orientation in their lives and to examine the factors responsible for the escalation of adolescent pregnancies in the municipality. The research questions were: How adequate was the course content of life orientation in helping adolescents in their sexual lives? How useful was life orientation to adolescent girls? What are the factors that increase the incidence of adolescent pregnancies in the municipality? Qualitative data was obtained through semi-structured interviews; focus group discussions were conducted with students, social workers and life orientation educators and observations made by them were recorded. Data was analysed thematically and was supported by relevant literature. The findings revealed that sex education is not effective in reducing pregnancies in the Blue Crane Route Municipality. The figures for adolescent pregnancy in schools have increased since 2007, when sex education was introduced as part of the life orientation curriculum. Accordingly, it is recommended that the Department of Education should re-evaluate the curriculum and appoint educators who are sufficiently trained in life orientation to make learners properly aware of the consequences of unwanted pregnancies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013