The experiences of student nurses regarding the negotiation of condom use at a Nursing College in the Eastern Cape Province
- Authors: Rumbu , Nosiphiwo Matshele
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Condom use -- South Africa College students -- Sexual behavior
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M Cur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/11396 , vital:39068
- Description: The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the experiences of student nurses regarding negotiation of condom use at Lilitha College of Nursing, East London Campus. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is still one of the severe global public health problems and a considerable number of people are living with HIV and millions of these people die of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). It has been found that women have difficulty in negotiating condom use. The study that was conducted in Tanzania revealed that when women lack selfconfidence to negotiate condom use with their sexual companions, they may be exposed to unprotected sex, thus being at danger of contracting STIs as well as HIV/AIDS and therefore being more susceptible to adverse sexual and reproductive health results (Exavery, Kanté, Jackson, Noronha, Sikustahili, Tani, Mushi, Baynes, Ramsey, Hingora and Phillips, 2012:9). A qualitative, descriptive, explorative, contextual design was used to describe the experiences of student nurses regarding negotiation of condom use and a purposive sampling method was used to select fourth year students. Eleven students participated in the study. Data was collected by means of individual face-to-face interviews with fourth year students. The interviews continued until data saturation was reached. Data analysis was done using Tesch‟s approach to open coding in qualitative research. Themes, categories and sub-categories emerged from the data analysis and were fully discussed. The results of the study indicated that students experienced difficulties in negotiation of condom use, although some participants felt that they were comfortable to negotiate. Health education and awareness campaigns were recommended as fundamental tools that could be used as strategies to enhance successful negotiation of condom use.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Rumbu , Nosiphiwo Matshele
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Condom use -- South Africa College students -- Sexual behavior
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M Cur
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/11396 , vital:39068
- Description: The purpose of the study was to explore and describe the experiences of student nurses regarding negotiation of condom use at Lilitha College of Nursing, East London Campus. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is still one of the severe global public health problems and a considerable number of people are living with HIV and millions of these people die of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). It has been found that women have difficulty in negotiating condom use. The study that was conducted in Tanzania revealed that when women lack selfconfidence to negotiate condom use with their sexual companions, they may be exposed to unprotected sex, thus being at danger of contracting STIs as well as HIV/AIDS and therefore being more susceptible to adverse sexual and reproductive health results (Exavery, Kanté, Jackson, Noronha, Sikustahili, Tani, Mushi, Baynes, Ramsey, Hingora and Phillips, 2012:9). A qualitative, descriptive, explorative, contextual design was used to describe the experiences of student nurses regarding negotiation of condom use and a purposive sampling method was used to select fourth year students. Eleven students participated in the study. Data was collected by means of individual face-to-face interviews with fourth year students. The interviews continued until data saturation was reached. Data analysis was done using Tesch‟s approach to open coding in qualitative research. Themes, categories and sub-categories emerged from the data analysis and were fully discussed. The results of the study indicated that students experienced difficulties in negotiation of condom use, although some participants felt that they were comfortable to negotiate. Health education and awareness campaigns were recommended as fundamental tools that could be used as strategies to enhance successful negotiation of condom use.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The exploration of the psychological well-being of people living with hiv/aids (PLWHA) in Lusikisiki, in the Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Authors: Nodwengu, Nombulelo
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: HIV infections AIDS (Disease) -- Treatment
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc. Sci (Psychology)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16495 , vital:40725
- Description: The study explored the psychological well-being of PLWHA in Lusikisiki, in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. The aim was to describe how they cope physically, socially and psychologically in their everyday lives as they deal with the consequences of stress while living with HIV. The researcher employed exploratory qualitative research. Fifteen participants from one of the support groups under the supervision of the Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) District office in Lusikisiki, in the Eastern Cape, consisting of seven males and eight females, aged from 20-60 gave their consent to be interviewed. The majority of the participants depended on the child support grant while others were doing part-time jobs in order to make a living. These results demonstrated that PLWHA are doing well in terms of accepting their HIVpositive status, accessing treatment and getting support. They use selfmotivation, spirituality or religion and support groups as coping strategies. However, unemployment still plays a primary role in the psychological wellbeing of PLWHA in Lusikisiki as people lack means to make ends meet which results in them constantly being in a state of turmoil, stressing about where their next meal will come from thus influencing negatively on their quality of life. It is recommended that community projects such as growing chickens and planting vegetables in gardens for generating income and for their own consumption could assist in making the lives of PLWHA better if there could be funders who would be willing to sponsor such projects.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Nodwengu, Nombulelo
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: HIV infections AIDS (Disease) -- Treatment
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc. Sci (Psychology)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16495 , vital:40725
- Description: The study explored the psychological well-being of PLWHA in Lusikisiki, in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. The aim was to describe how they cope physically, socially and psychologically in their everyday lives as they deal with the consequences of stress while living with HIV. The researcher employed exploratory qualitative research. Fifteen participants from one of the support groups under the supervision of the Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) District office in Lusikisiki, in the Eastern Cape, consisting of seven males and eight females, aged from 20-60 gave their consent to be interviewed. The majority of the participants depended on the child support grant while others were doing part-time jobs in order to make a living. These results demonstrated that PLWHA are doing well in terms of accepting their HIVpositive status, accessing treatment and getting support. They use selfmotivation, spirituality or religion and support groups as coping strategies. However, unemployment still plays a primary role in the psychological wellbeing of PLWHA in Lusikisiki as people lack means to make ends meet which results in them constantly being in a state of turmoil, stressing about where their next meal will come from thus influencing negatively on their quality of life. It is recommended that community projects such as growing chickens and planting vegetables in gardens for generating income and for their own consumption could assist in making the lives of PLWHA better if there could be funders who would be willing to sponsor such projects.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The gendered nature of intra-household decision making in the use of social grants and its impact on selected households in Zimbabwe and South Africa
- Authors: Makosa, Nigel
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Social security Grants-in-aid
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/15781 , vital:40523
- Description: The study aimed at undertaking a comparative investigation of the gendered nature of intra-household decision making in the use of social grants and to ascertain its impact on selected households in Zimbabwe and South Africa as a comparative study. A methodological triangulated approach was used in the study where both quantitative and qualitative approaches were adopted. A total of 250 heads of households were selected as a sample from the study population. Herein, 200 respondents were given the survey questionnaire (100 respondents from Zimbabwe and another 100 from South Africa). A larger number of respondents were sampled for quantitative data in order to improve validity and generalisability of the results. Interview participants for this study were conveniently selected from communities benefiting from cash transfers and social grants. The researcher then interviewed a total of 50 participants (25 from Zimbabwe plus another 25 from South Africa). The samples for the study were arrived at using the multi stage sampling techniques. From these samples two data sets were obtained namely quantitative and qualitative. The study yielded that there are more social grants that are targeted at benefiting older people in Zimbabwe whereas there are a variety of social grants that are aimed at benefiting people from all age groups in South Africa. The study also established that the nature of intrahousehold decision making is determined by the variations of the recipients’ age variations. In Zimbabwe It was revealed that most of the recipients who were younger than 65 years bought basic needs, while in South Africa the recipients mostly used the money for entertainment, savings and clothes. The current economic situations in these two countries determine their spending patterns. Both in Zimbabwe vi and South Africa, recipients older than 65 years used their money to buy agricultural inputs. In both countries most of the beneficiaries were female because there are the primary caregivers and also because of the increased number of female headed households precipitated by high divorce rates. It also emerged in the study that there are many factors that influencethe gendered nature of intra household decision making dynamics such as cultural, available resources, number of dependents. These factors have the potential to either reinforce or offset the impact of social grants. Furthermore, the decision-making roles for men and women in both Zimbabwe and South Africa were determined by income and economic activities, food security and basic needs; marital status, family and social structures. But on the whole, it was revealed in the study that the responsibility of the head of household to provide leadership and make crucial decisions such as using social grants money. In both countries members from outside the nucleus family were also involved in making decisions on behalf of the beneficiaries. Elderly people retained the majority of the decision-making power in most of the households in both Zimbabwe and South Africa. It also emerged that in most households in both countries, decision making on the use of social grant money was arrived at after consultations particularly between spouses. In order to enhance productive decision making and optimise the social grants usefulness, the study recommends that there should be monitoring and evaluation on how the social grants are being used and who is behind the decision-making process. More so, a conceptual framework was also suggested to explain intrahousehold decision dynamics.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Makosa, Nigel
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Social security Grants-in-aid
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/15781 , vital:40523
- Description: The study aimed at undertaking a comparative investigation of the gendered nature of intra-household decision making in the use of social grants and to ascertain its impact on selected households in Zimbabwe and South Africa as a comparative study. A methodological triangulated approach was used in the study where both quantitative and qualitative approaches were adopted. A total of 250 heads of households were selected as a sample from the study population. Herein, 200 respondents were given the survey questionnaire (100 respondents from Zimbabwe and another 100 from South Africa). A larger number of respondents were sampled for quantitative data in order to improve validity and generalisability of the results. Interview participants for this study were conveniently selected from communities benefiting from cash transfers and social grants. The researcher then interviewed a total of 50 participants (25 from Zimbabwe plus another 25 from South Africa). The samples for the study were arrived at using the multi stage sampling techniques. From these samples two data sets were obtained namely quantitative and qualitative. The study yielded that there are more social grants that are targeted at benefiting older people in Zimbabwe whereas there are a variety of social grants that are aimed at benefiting people from all age groups in South Africa. The study also established that the nature of intrahousehold decision making is determined by the variations of the recipients’ age variations. In Zimbabwe It was revealed that most of the recipients who were younger than 65 years bought basic needs, while in South Africa the recipients mostly used the money for entertainment, savings and clothes. The current economic situations in these two countries determine their spending patterns. Both in Zimbabwe vi and South Africa, recipients older than 65 years used their money to buy agricultural inputs. In both countries most of the beneficiaries were female because there are the primary caregivers and also because of the increased number of female headed households precipitated by high divorce rates. It also emerged in the study that there are many factors that influencethe gendered nature of intra household decision making dynamics such as cultural, available resources, number of dependents. These factors have the potential to either reinforce or offset the impact of social grants. Furthermore, the decision-making roles for men and women in both Zimbabwe and South Africa were determined by income and economic activities, food security and basic needs; marital status, family and social structures. But on the whole, it was revealed in the study that the responsibility of the head of household to provide leadership and make crucial decisions such as using social grants money. In both countries members from outside the nucleus family were also involved in making decisions on behalf of the beneficiaries. Elderly people retained the majority of the decision-making power in most of the households in both Zimbabwe and South Africa. It also emerged that in most households in both countries, decision making on the use of social grant money was arrived at after consultations particularly between spouses. In order to enhance productive decision making and optimise the social grants usefulness, the study recommends that there should be monitoring and evaluation on how the social grants are being used and who is behind the decision-making process. More so, a conceptual framework was also suggested to explain intrahousehold decision dynamics.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The Impact of capital structure on performance of banks in South Africa
- Authors: Jiza, Andiswa Abongile
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Banks and banking Capital management and capital structure
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom (Economics)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16895 , vital:40783
- Description: The study examined the relationship between capital structure and bank performance in South Africa using five small banks and the two big banks from 2002-2017. Fixed effects model, Pooled and the random effects model were utilised to test the relationship between capital structure and bank performance. Return on assets and the earnings per share were used as a measure for financial performance while the debt to equity ratio and the debt to assets ratio were used as proxies for capital structure. The results show that there is a negative significant relationship between return on assets and the two capital structure measures meaning that higher leverage ratios lead to lower profits measured by return on assets. while there is a negative significant relationship between earnings per share and the capital structure meaning that higher leverage ratios lead to lower profits. The study recommends that financial managers of banks should maintain lower debt than equity in their mix of capital structure as more debts is not good for the performance of banks.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Jiza, Andiswa Abongile
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Banks and banking Capital management and capital structure
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom (Economics)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16895 , vital:40783
- Description: The study examined the relationship between capital structure and bank performance in South Africa using five small banks and the two big banks from 2002-2017. Fixed effects model, Pooled and the random effects model were utilised to test the relationship between capital structure and bank performance. Return on assets and the earnings per share were used as a measure for financial performance while the debt to equity ratio and the debt to assets ratio were used as proxies for capital structure. The results show that there is a negative significant relationship between return on assets and the two capital structure measures meaning that higher leverage ratios lead to lower profits measured by return on assets. while there is a negative significant relationship between earnings per share and the capital structure meaning that higher leverage ratios lead to lower profits. The study recommends that financial managers of banks should maintain lower debt than equity in their mix of capital structure as more debts is not good for the performance of banks.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The impact of public health expenditure on health outcomes in South Africa
- Authors: Hlafa, Besuthu
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Health services administration
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom (Economics)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13381 , vital:39639
- Description: Health holds an important position in maintainable economic development since it is both a prerequisite for and an outcome of economic development. This means that health contributes hugely to the attainment of sustainable development and health outcomes. The importance of health is demonstrated in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) where three of the eight goals are aimed at improving health outcomes. Despite progress made by other middle-income countries in achieving health-related MDGs, South Africa still has worse health outcomes and experiences a challenge in attaining positive outcomes for these goals (Coovadia et al., 2009; Malaudzi 2016). This study’s main focus was to identify the association between public health expenditure and health outcomes in South Africa’s nine provinces from 2002 to 2016. The study implemented fixed effects and a random effects panel data estimation technique to control for time effects and individual province heterogeneity. This was followed by employing the Hausman specification test to identify the fixed effects model as the appropriate estimator for the study. The study also employed the seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) model and the least squares dummy variable (LSDV) model to examine the impact of public health expenditure on each province separately. The findings from the study elucidated that the relationship between public health expenditure and health outcomes in South Africa varied across provinces depending provincial management and infrastructure availability.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Hlafa, Besuthu
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Health services administration
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom (Economics)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13381 , vital:39639
- Description: Health holds an important position in maintainable economic development since it is both a prerequisite for and an outcome of economic development. This means that health contributes hugely to the attainment of sustainable development and health outcomes. The importance of health is demonstrated in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) where three of the eight goals are aimed at improving health outcomes. Despite progress made by other middle-income countries in achieving health-related MDGs, South Africa still has worse health outcomes and experiences a challenge in attaining positive outcomes for these goals (Coovadia et al., 2009; Malaudzi 2016). This study’s main focus was to identify the association between public health expenditure and health outcomes in South Africa’s nine provinces from 2002 to 2016. The study implemented fixed effects and a random effects panel data estimation technique to control for time effects and individual province heterogeneity. This was followed by employing the Hausman specification test to identify the fixed effects model as the appropriate estimator for the study. The study also employed the seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) model and the least squares dummy variable (LSDV) model to examine the impact of public health expenditure on each province separately. The findings from the study elucidated that the relationship between public health expenditure and health outcomes in South Africa varied across provinces depending provincial management and infrastructure availability.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The impact of public libraries in the Eastern Cape Province with reference to three Buffalo City Municipal libraries in King Williams' Town
- Authors: Gunuza, Nokuthula
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Public libraries Information services
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M.Bibl
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16452 , vital:40721
- Description: The study sought to investigate the impact of public libraries in developing information literacy in libraries in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa: a case study of Buffalo City Municipality public libraries in King William’s Town. The objectives of the study were to find out how these three libraries in Buffalo City Metro public libraries ensure equity of library and information services provision to the user communities, to find out how public libraries support education and lifelong learning, to identify the challenges that public libraries face in rendering library and information services with reference to the three libraries, and to investigate the role of library professionals in marketing the library services to the community. Both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies were employed in a descriptive survey. The main research instrument was a questionnaire supported by face to face interviews. A total of 297 questionnaires were distributed and 200 were returned giving a response rate of 67.3%. The quantitative data which was collected through questionnaire was presented using graphs and tables, while qualitative was analysed manually by content analysis, using the notes that were taken by the researcher from the respondents during the interview sessions and reported verbatim in some instances. The findings showed that regardless of South African LIS environment having contradictions resulting from years of apartheid, most of the Buffalo City Metro public library patrons indicated that they experienced fair and equitable access to library and information services. In addition to participants’ quantitative responses, the qualitative excerpts from librarians attested to the library having a classification system that allows easy access to library resources. In addition, findings of the study also revealed that the Buffalo City Metro public libraries have a diversity of users, ranging from different age groups and social standing. The results from the current study revealed that the Buffalo City metropolitan public library users have little knowledge about literacy programmes that are taking place in the library. The findings also indicated that the Buffalo City Metro public libraries market library services by word of mouth, posters and notice boards. One of the major findings of the study is that Buffalo City Metro public libraries are faced with financial constraints and that led to a myriad of challenges ranging from inadequate library operating hours; limited information sources; lack of information retrieval training to patrons; internet connectivity issues; xii lack of professional staff and lack of training on the latest technological trends. The study concludes that the Buffalo City Metro public libraries should establish a marketing strategy to motivate for funding. The study recommended that the Buffalo City public libraries should create an integrated system for all libraries in the metromunicipality that encourages adult literacy programme to raise awareness of information literacy.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Gunuza, Nokuthula
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Public libraries Information services
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M.Bibl
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16452 , vital:40721
- Description: The study sought to investigate the impact of public libraries in developing information literacy in libraries in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa: a case study of Buffalo City Municipality public libraries in King William’s Town. The objectives of the study were to find out how these three libraries in Buffalo City Metro public libraries ensure equity of library and information services provision to the user communities, to find out how public libraries support education and lifelong learning, to identify the challenges that public libraries face in rendering library and information services with reference to the three libraries, and to investigate the role of library professionals in marketing the library services to the community. Both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies were employed in a descriptive survey. The main research instrument was a questionnaire supported by face to face interviews. A total of 297 questionnaires were distributed and 200 were returned giving a response rate of 67.3%. The quantitative data which was collected through questionnaire was presented using graphs and tables, while qualitative was analysed manually by content analysis, using the notes that were taken by the researcher from the respondents during the interview sessions and reported verbatim in some instances. The findings showed that regardless of South African LIS environment having contradictions resulting from years of apartheid, most of the Buffalo City Metro public library patrons indicated that they experienced fair and equitable access to library and information services. In addition to participants’ quantitative responses, the qualitative excerpts from librarians attested to the library having a classification system that allows easy access to library resources. In addition, findings of the study also revealed that the Buffalo City Metro public libraries have a diversity of users, ranging from different age groups and social standing. The results from the current study revealed that the Buffalo City metropolitan public library users have little knowledge about literacy programmes that are taking place in the library. The findings also indicated that the Buffalo City Metro public libraries market library services by word of mouth, posters and notice boards. One of the major findings of the study is that Buffalo City Metro public libraries are faced with financial constraints and that led to a myriad of challenges ranging from inadequate library operating hours; limited information sources; lack of information retrieval training to patrons; internet connectivity issues; xii lack of professional staff and lack of training on the latest technological trends. The study concludes that the Buffalo City Metro public libraries should establish a marketing strategy to motivate for funding. The study recommended that the Buffalo City public libraries should create an integrated system for all libraries in the metromunicipality that encourages adult literacy programme to raise awareness of information literacy.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The implementation of National Health strategy (2009-2013) in Vungu District clinics, Midlands Province in Zimbabwe
- Authors: Mangwanya, M G
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Medical care -- Zimbabwe Public health administration -- Zimbabwe National Health Strategy (Zimbabwe)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18514 , vital:42579
- Description: The practice of strategy implementation is key to the public sector in Zimbabwe because it helps the government to be up to speed in providing services to the public. This research focused on the National Health Strategy 2009-2013 and its impact on health service delivery in Vungu Rural District Council Clinics. The research was based on qualitative desk study design which made use of existing data and semi structured interviews to understand the effect of the National Health Strategy on health service delivery in Vungu Rural Districts Council Clinics. From the literature reviewed and the data collected, it can be noted that lack of resources has had a huge effect on the execution of the strategy. The findings from the study show that the National Health Strategy was a good initiative. However, it lacked financial resources which posed challenges to the health workers in Vungu Rural District Council Clinics. The health workers were not very familiar with the National Health Strategy and this had a negative impact on its execution because they cannot execute a strategy that they are not familiar with. The study highlighted the importance of resources for the execution of the National Health Strategy. The study therefore sought to find ways the Zimbabwean Health System may formulate the health strategy with the limited resources in order to achieve desired goals. The Health Workers echoed the same sentiments that they needed resources for the implementation of the strategy. It is hoped that the findings would provide guidelines for the formulation and implementation of future health strategies. Recommendations given would ensure that there is utilisation of available resources, which would help in the execution of other health strategies to ensure efficient and effective health care service delivery. The recommendations are also intended to enhance the performance of health workers. Though the study was limited to Vungu Rural District Council Clinics the findings and recommendations would provide guidelines for other rural clinics as they use the National Health Strategy.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Mangwanya, M G
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Medical care -- Zimbabwe Public health administration -- Zimbabwe National Health Strategy (Zimbabwe)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18514 , vital:42579
- Description: The practice of strategy implementation is key to the public sector in Zimbabwe because it helps the government to be up to speed in providing services to the public. This research focused on the National Health Strategy 2009-2013 and its impact on health service delivery in Vungu Rural District Council Clinics. The research was based on qualitative desk study design which made use of existing data and semi structured interviews to understand the effect of the National Health Strategy on health service delivery in Vungu Rural Districts Council Clinics. From the literature reviewed and the data collected, it can be noted that lack of resources has had a huge effect on the execution of the strategy. The findings from the study show that the National Health Strategy was a good initiative. However, it lacked financial resources which posed challenges to the health workers in Vungu Rural District Council Clinics. The health workers were not very familiar with the National Health Strategy and this had a negative impact on its execution because they cannot execute a strategy that they are not familiar with. The study highlighted the importance of resources for the execution of the National Health Strategy. The study therefore sought to find ways the Zimbabwean Health System may formulate the health strategy with the limited resources in order to achieve desired goals. The Health Workers echoed the same sentiments that they needed resources for the implementation of the strategy. It is hoped that the findings would provide guidelines for the formulation and implementation of future health strategies. Recommendations given would ensure that there is utilisation of available resources, which would help in the execution of other health strategies to ensure efficient and effective health care service delivery. The recommendations are also intended to enhance the performance of health workers. Though the study was limited to Vungu Rural District Council Clinics the findings and recommendations would provide guidelines for other rural clinics as they use the National Health Strategy.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The implications of teacher development in the improvement of learner achievement in the Kwamhlanga sub-district of Mpumalanga Province
- Authors: Mhaule, Makgabo Regina
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Career development Teacher educators -- Professional relationships
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , D.Admin
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13690 , vital:39691
- Description: This study sought to investigate the implication of teacher development in learner performance with reference to the Nkangala sub-district of the Mpumalanga Department of Education. My interest is this area of study was triggered in the debate around the mismatch between the resources which the Department of Education invests in the teacher development programmes vis-à-vis learner performance in schools, in particular, the Grade 12 class which is the exit point of the school system. The argument is that the department invests significant resources in developing teachers but that there appears to be very little return on the investment in the form of learner performance which has been the subject of debate and discussion for many years in the education circles. The study made use of the mixed method approach in terms of which both quantitative and qualitative methods were fully employed. Questionnaires and interviews were used as the data collection methods. In order to collect the requisite quantitative data four teachers and three school management teams were sampled using the simple random sampling method per school in the sub-district. The return rate of the instruments was more than 50%. For the qualitative data subject advisors were sampled using the purposive sampling method. Eight of the twelve advisors who were sampled participated in the face to face interviews. The collected data was then analysed using the Special Programme for Social Sciences (SPSS). The literature reviewed included Senge’s Learning Organisation theory and Wenger’s social learning theory which were explored extensively and which informed the study to a significant extent. The researcher also explored the legislative framework which informs the HRD in general and teacher development in particular. v The study revealed that there is, indeed, a significant relationship between teacher development programmes and learner performance. The study also revealed that teacher development programmes do, in fact, address the needs of both learners and teachers. An interesting finding, which is also a matter of concern, was the finding that teachers are almost, if not totally, excluded from participating in the teacher development programmes offered. The study also found that the content of teacher development programmes is devised by subject specialists who are not based in the classroom and who have little experience of the prevailing classroom situation. It appeared that this approach was creating a huge gap in the teacher development programmes. The researcher made several recommendations and also developed a proposed (rudimentary) teacher development model, as informed by the study and the gap which was identified from the literature review. The model is extremely basic and, therefore, requires further research on the part of education practitioners and/or anyone interested in the field of teacher development and education.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Mhaule, Makgabo Regina
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Career development Teacher educators -- Professional relationships
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , D.Admin
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13690 , vital:39691
- Description: This study sought to investigate the implication of teacher development in learner performance with reference to the Nkangala sub-district of the Mpumalanga Department of Education. My interest is this area of study was triggered in the debate around the mismatch between the resources which the Department of Education invests in the teacher development programmes vis-à-vis learner performance in schools, in particular, the Grade 12 class which is the exit point of the school system. The argument is that the department invests significant resources in developing teachers but that there appears to be very little return on the investment in the form of learner performance which has been the subject of debate and discussion for many years in the education circles. The study made use of the mixed method approach in terms of which both quantitative and qualitative methods were fully employed. Questionnaires and interviews were used as the data collection methods. In order to collect the requisite quantitative data four teachers and three school management teams were sampled using the simple random sampling method per school in the sub-district. The return rate of the instruments was more than 50%. For the qualitative data subject advisors were sampled using the purposive sampling method. Eight of the twelve advisors who were sampled participated in the face to face interviews. The collected data was then analysed using the Special Programme for Social Sciences (SPSS). The literature reviewed included Senge’s Learning Organisation theory and Wenger’s social learning theory which were explored extensively and which informed the study to a significant extent. The researcher also explored the legislative framework which informs the HRD in general and teacher development in particular. v The study revealed that there is, indeed, a significant relationship between teacher development programmes and learner performance. The study also revealed that teacher development programmes do, in fact, address the needs of both learners and teachers. An interesting finding, which is also a matter of concern, was the finding that teachers are almost, if not totally, excluded from participating in the teacher development programmes offered. The study also found that the content of teacher development programmes is devised by subject specialists who are not based in the classroom and who have little experience of the prevailing classroom situation. It appeared that this approach was creating a huge gap in the teacher development programmes. The researcher made several recommendations and also developed a proposed (rudimentary) teacher development model, as informed by the study and the gap which was identified from the literature review. The model is extremely basic and, therefore, requires further research on the part of education practitioners and/or anyone interested in the field of teacher development and education.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The influence of Educational Levels of the Parent School Governing Body Component on their participation in school governance
- Kombela, Thamsanqa Washington
- Authors: Kombela, Thamsanqa Washington
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: School boards School management teams
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16555 , vital:40731
- Description: School Governance is focused on the parent component, which is one of the components that make up School Governing Body (SGB). In South Africa, the legislation affords parents numerical majority representation. Strategic positions, such as chairperson and treasurer are assigned to a parent. This aims at affording parents an opportunity to influence school level decisions. However, the extent to which the parent component of SGBs participates meaningfully is consistently questioned, some researchers suspecting parents’ levels of education to negatively influence their quality of participation. Hence this study investigated the influence of Educational Levels of the SGB parent component on their school governance participation, especially in rural primary schools of Buffalo City Metro Education District. This study used Mixed Methods Research Design within Pragmatic Paradigm, using Arstein’s Ladder of Participation as Theoretical Framework. The researcher used a questionnaire as a tool to collect quantitative data and Key Informant Interview (KII) to collect qualitative data. Fourty two (42) parents serving as SGB members in the rural areas of the Buffalo City Metro Education District, ten (10) SGB parent members participated in the interview session. Quantitatively, there is a significant positive relationship between educational attainments of the parents in SGBs and their participation in the appointment of school staff (r = 0.61; p<0.05); there is also a significant positive relationship between educational attainments of the parents in SGBs and their participation in purchasing textbooks and materials for the school (r = 0.73; p<0.05). At face value the qualitative finding seems to agree with quantitative findings regarding the influence of educational level to their partcipation. It becomes moral complex as deeper analysis occured. For instance, some parent SGB members did not participate in roles such as recommending educators and non-teaching staff and the purchasing of school LTSM, not necessarily due to the educational levels. Instead it was because of their rejection of teacher attitude. Also, the parents seemed to reject English, the language used during SGB meetings. Even though the study did not explicitly link educational levels of parent SGB members with their participation. This study recommends that SASA unambiguously determines minimum educational levels, skills, knowledge for parent SGB membership. This study further recommends that SASA embraces explicitly Ubuntu principle in its definition of a parent, to include community members with appropriate minimum educational levels and skills, for participation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Kombela, Thamsanqa Washington
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: School boards School management teams
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16555 , vital:40731
- Description: School Governance is focused on the parent component, which is one of the components that make up School Governing Body (SGB). In South Africa, the legislation affords parents numerical majority representation. Strategic positions, such as chairperson and treasurer are assigned to a parent. This aims at affording parents an opportunity to influence school level decisions. However, the extent to which the parent component of SGBs participates meaningfully is consistently questioned, some researchers suspecting parents’ levels of education to negatively influence their quality of participation. Hence this study investigated the influence of Educational Levels of the SGB parent component on their school governance participation, especially in rural primary schools of Buffalo City Metro Education District. This study used Mixed Methods Research Design within Pragmatic Paradigm, using Arstein’s Ladder of Participation as Theoretical Framework. The researcher used a questionnaire as a tool to collect quantitative data and Key Informant Interview (KII) to collect qualitative data. Fourty two (42) parents serving as SGB members in the rural areas of the Buffalo City Metro Education District, ten (10) SGB parent members participated in the interview session. Quantitatively, there is a significant positive relationship between educational attainments of the parents in SGBs and their participation in the appointment of school staff (r = 0.61; p<0.05); there is also a significant positive relationship between educational attainments of the parents in SGBs and their participation in purchasing textbooks and materials for the school (r = 0.73; p<0.05). At face value the qualitative finding seems to agree with quantitative findings regarding the influence of educational level to their partcipation. It becomes moral complex as deeper analysis occured. For instance, some parent SGB members did not participate in roles such as recommending educators and non-teaching staff and the purchasing of school LTSM, not necessarily due to the educational levels. Instead it was because of their rejection of teacher attitude. Also, the parents seemed to reject English, the language used during SGB meetings. Even though the study did not explicitly link educational levels of parent SGB members with their participation. This study recommends that SASA unambiguously determines minimum educational levels, skills, knowledge for parent SGB membership. This study further recommends that SASA embraces explicitly Ubuntu principle in its definition of a parent, to include community members with appropriate minimum educational levels and skills, for participation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The influence of grade 3 teachers’ self-efficacy on the teaching of isixhosa home language reading-comprehension: recommendations for an indigenous mother-tongue based teaching framework
- Authors: Makeleni, Sive
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Reading comprehension Xhosa language -- Study and teaching
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD (Education)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16632 , vital:40738
- Description: This thesis aimed to examine the extent to which Grade 3 teachers’ self-efficacy influence the teaching of IsiXhosa Home Language reading comprehension. The study was conducted in the Buffalo City Metro Education District, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Social Cognitive theory was adopted as a theoretical framework for this study. The study employed a mixed methods approach, wherein qualitative and quantitative data were collected. Concurrent triangulation was adopted as a research design. In the quantitative phase one hundred and twelve (112) Grade 3 teachers participated through filling in questionnaires. Whilst, in the qualitative phase six (6) teachers were interviewed. Quantitative data was analysed through using descriptive/inferential statistics for the appropriate variables of data, and QUAL analysis of data, using thematic analysis related to the relevant narrative data. The findings both quantitative and qualitative reveal that the teachers spend most of their time in teaching phonics, phonemic awareness and vocabulary and less time on teaching reading comprehension. The teachers feel that the prescribed Curriculum and Policy Statement that does not accommodate indigeneity and languageness of IsiXhosa Language suppresses their innovativeness and creativeness in teaching IsiXhosa Home Language reading comprehension. The teachers highlighted the orthographic uniqueness of IsiXhosa language as one of the gaps in the curriculum. The majority of the teachers believe that Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement IsiXhosa Home Language Foundation Phase (CAPS), is back-translated from another language. Hence, the teachers feel unease to implement the curriculum as it is. Such conceptual gaps identified, negatively affected the teachers’ self-efficacy in teaching IsiXhosa Home Language reading comprehension. Also revealing in the findings are the teachers’ use of assessment as a mere compliance strategy. The findings also reveal that the teachers’ self-efficacy is affected by contextual factors. The study therefore recommends a decolonised IsiXhosa-sensitive Curriculum and Policy Statement that reflects the indigeneity and the languageness of IsiXhosa. The study further recommends an indigenous mother -tongue based framework of teaching IsiXhosa Home Language in the Foundation Phase
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Makeleni, Sive
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Reading comprehension Xhosa language -- Study and teaching
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD (Education)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16632 , vital:40738
- Description: This thesis aimed to examine the extent to which Grade 3 teachers’ self-efficacy influence the teaching of IsiXhosa Home Language reading comprehension. The study was conducted in the Buffalo City Metro Education District, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Social Cognitive theory was adopted as a theoretical framework for this study. The study employed a mixed methods approach, wherein qualitative and quantitative data were collected. Concurrent triangulation was adopted as a research design. In the quantitative phase one hundred and twelve (112) Grade 3 teachers participated through filling in questionnaires. Whilst, in the qualitative phase six (6) teachers were interviewed. Quantitative data was analysed through using descriptive/inferential statistics for the appropriate variables of data, and QUAL analysis of data, using thematic analysis related to the relevant narrative data. The findings both quantitative and qualitative reveal that the teachers spend most of their time in teaching phonics, phonemic awareness and vocabulary and less time on teaching reading comprehension. The teachers feel that the prescribed Curriculum and Policy Statement that does not accommodate indigeneity and languageness of IsiXhosa Language suppresses their innovativeness and creativeness in teaching IsiXhosa Home Language reading comprehension. The teachers highlighted the orthographic uniqueness of IsiXhosa language as one of the gaps in the curriculum. The majority of the teachers believe that Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement IsiXhosa Home Language Foundation Phase (CAPS), is back-translated from another language. Hence, the teachers feel unease to implement the curriculum as it is. Such conceptual gaps identified, negatively affected the teachers’ self-efficacy in teaching IsiXhosa Home Language reading comprehension. Also revealing in the findings are the teachers’ use of assessment as a mere compliance strategy. The findings also reveal that the teachers’ self-efficacy is affected by contextual factors. The study therefore recommends a decolonised IsiXhosa-sensitive Curriculum and Policy Statement that reflects the indigeneity and the languageness of IsiXhosa. The study further recommends an indigenous mother -tongue based framework of teaching IsiXhosa Home Language in the Foundation Phase
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The mediating role of job autonomy on mobile technology usage, work engagement and emotional exhaustion amongst a sample of public service employees in Bhisho
- Authors: Mkabile, Siphesihle
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Mobile communication systems Psychology, Industrial
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom (Industrial Psychology)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13748 , vital:39707
- Description: Orientation: The constant subjective criticism by the public for poor and or a total lack of service delivery by government departments in terms of meeting requirements and standards and the non-performance seem to rest with the public employees. In government, work engagement leads to the satisfaction of the citizens or clients, which in turn leads to the citizens trusting and having confidence in public organisations. Research purpose: This study aimed at examining the mediating role of job autonomy between mobile technology usage, work engagement and emotional exhaustion amongst public service employees in Bhisho. Motivation for the study: There is growth in the usage of mobile technology in Africa. However, the effects of mobile devices on the working environment are still unclear. A research gap exists on the effects of mobile technology on employee outcomes such as work engagement and emotional exhaustion. Research approach/design and method: This study used a quantitative approach, with a descriptive and explanatory research design. Analyses were conducted by SPSS 23 and Amos 22 on a sample of 165 public service employees. Main findings: The results show that mobile technology usage improved work engagement of the employees through their job autonomy. Mobile technology usage did not have any significant effect on the employees’ emotional exhaustion and work engagement. Practical/managerial implications: The findings from this study imply that mobile technology can result in positive psychological experiences for employees and present some managerial implications for boundary conditions. Contribution/value-add: This study contributes to the literature on mobile technology usage, work engagement, emotional exhaustion and job auto
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Mkabile, Siphesihle
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Mobile communication systems Psychology, Industrial
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom (Industrial Psychology)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13748 , vital:39707
- Description: Orientation: The constant subjective criticism by the public for poor and or a total lack of service delivery by government departments in terms of meeting requirements and standards and the non-performance seem to rest with the public employees. In government, work engagement leads to the satisfaction of the citizens or clients, which in turn leads to the citizens trusting and having confidence in public organisations. Research purpose: This study aimed at examining the mediating role of job autonomy between mobile technology usage, work engagement and emotional exhaustion amongst public service employees in Bhisho. Motivation for the study: There is growth in the usage of mobile technology in Africa. However, the effects of mobile devices on the working environment are still unclear. A research gap exists on the effects of mobile technology on employee outcomes such as work engagement and emotional exhaustion. Research approach/design and method: This study used a quantitative approach, with a descriptive and explanatory research design. Analyses were conducted by SPSS 23 and Amos 22 on a sample of 165 public service employees. Main findings: The results show that mobile technology usage improved work engagement of the employees through their job autonomy. Mobile technology usage did not have any significant effect on the employees’ emotional exhaustion and work engagement. Practical/managerial implications: The findings from this study imply that mobile technology can result in positive psychological experiences for employees and present some managerial implications for boundary conditions. Contribution/value-add: This study contributes to the literature on mobile technology usage, work engagement, emotional exhaustion and job auto
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The Moderating Influence of Psychological Empowerment in the relationship between Job Insecurity and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour among the Eastern Cape Department of Health Employees
- Authors: Nwokolo, Echezona E
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Job security -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Organizational commitment Employee assistance programs
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , D.Com (Industrial Psychology)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13881 , vital:39722
- Description: The unabated focus of many organizations on competition and profitability has amplified the threats of real or anticipated job loss resulting in the feelings of insecurity for employees about their job and future work life. The research investigated the role of psychological empowerment as moderator of the relationship between job insecurity and organizational citizenship behavior among the Eastern Cape Department of Health employees, in Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The study adopted an exploratory and correlational research design to understand the relationships that exist between the study variables. Respondents were selected using convenience sampling technique, where a sample size of 357 respondents was selected from sample frame of 4847 employees. Seven-point and Five-point likert scale were used to measure the responses. The data analysis methods used include descriptive statistics, regression analysis, ANOVA and Structural Equation Modeling. The reliability, factor analysis and research hypotheses of the research instruments were tested using the aforementioned statistical techniques. The findings reveal a significant negative correlation between job insecurity and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour, a significant positive correlation between psychological empowerment and OCB. It also revealed that job insecurity and psychological empowerment combined account for a significant higher proportion of variance in OCB than any of the two separately, and that significantly and positively moderates the relationship between job insecurity and OCB. Recommendations to promote psychological empowerment in the organization in order to increase organizational citizenship behavior and decrease job insecurity among employees were suggested to leadership of the government departments, organizations and practicing managers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Nwokolo, Echezona E
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Job security -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Organizational commitment Employee assistance programs
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , D.Com (Industrial Psychology)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/13881 , vital:39722
- Description: The unabated focus of many organizations on competition and profitability has amplified the threats of real or anticipated job loss resulting in the feelings of insecurity for employees about their job and future work life. The research investigated the role of psychological empowerment as moderator of the relationship between job insecurity and organizational citizenship behavior among the Eastern Cape Department of Health employees, in Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The study adopted an exploratory and correlational research design to understand the relationships that exist between the study variables. Respondents were selected using convenience sampling technique, where a sample size of 357 respondents was selected from sample frame of 4847 employees. Seven-point and Five-point likert scale were used to measure the responses. The data analysis methods used include descriptive statistics, regression analysis, ANOVA and Structural Equation Modeling. The reliability, factor analysis and research hypotheses of the research instruments were tested using the aforementioned statistical techniques. The findings reveal a significant negative correlation between job insecurity and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour, a significant positive correlation between psychological empowerment and OCB. It also revealed that job insecurity and psychological empowerment combined account for a significant higher proportion of variance in OCB than any of the two separately, and that significantly and positively moderates the relationship between job insecurity and OCB. Recommendations to promote psychological empowerment in the organization in order to increase organizational citizenship behavior and decrease job insecurity among employees were suggested to leadership of the government departments, organizations and practicing managers.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The nexus between capital inflows and credit growth in South Africa
- Authors: Davani, Siviwe
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Capital movements Credit
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom (Economics)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16885 , vital:40782
- Description: This study examines the effect of capital inflows on credit growth on the South African economy. Capital inflows ease the constraint of the low domestic savings in the domestic economy. The study employed the Structural Vector Auto Regression model to analyse the relationship between the variables of interest. The findings of the study indicate that the two types of capital inflows employed in the study, Foreign Direct Investment and Foreign Portfolio investment have a significant effect on credit growth in the long-run. The results also indicate that there are other important factors such as macroeconomic stability and political stability which have a significant effect of capital inflows into South Africa. Overall, the results revealed that a greater variation of credit growth is explained by GDP. This indicates that there is a link between GDP and FDI and FPI given their link with credit growth. These results also suggest that the foreign capital channel can be another channel which may affect growth in the domestic economy in the event that there are negative innovations which affects capital flows to South Africa. The study thus suggests that policies which ensures macroeconomic stability and political stability should be pursued given their influence on capital inflows into South Africa. Also it’s recommended that the country mobilise domestic resources to ensure sustainable development
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Davani, Siviwe
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Capital movements Credit
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom (Economics)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16885 , vital:40782
- Description: This study examines the effect of capital inflows on credit growth on the South African economy. Capital inflows ease the constraint of the low domestic savings in the domestic economy. The study employed the Structural Vector Auto Regression model to analyse the relationship between the variables of interest. The findings of the study indicate that the two types of capital inflows employed in the study, Foreign Direct Investment and Foreign Portfolio investment have a significant effect on credit growth in the long-run. The results also indicate that there are other important factors such as macroeconomic stability and political stability which have a significant effect of capital inflows into South Africa. Overall, the results revealed that a greater variation of credit growth is explained by GDP. This indicates that there is a link between GDP and FDI and FPI given their link with credit growth. These results also suggest that the foreign capital channel can be another channel which may affect growth in the domestic economy in the event that there are negative innovations which affects capital flows to South Africa. The study thus suggests that policies which ensures macroeconomic stability and political stability should be pursued given their influence on capital inflows into South Africa. Also it’s recommended that the country mobilise domestic resources to ensure sustainable development
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The perspectives of victims of domestic violence and abuse: narratives from members of Masimanyane women’s support centre in East London, Eastern Cape Province, Resa.
- Authors: Sigodla, Asavela
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Family violence Abused women
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc (Criminology)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16419 , vital:40718
- Description: Domestic violence and abuse also known as Gender-based violence (GBV) including rape, mutilation, murder and sexual abuse, is a profound health problem for women across the globe. Although domestic violence and sexual abuse is a significant cause of female morbidity and mortality, it is almost never seen as a public health issue. Domestic violence and abuse can happen to anyone of any race, age, sexual orientation, religion or gender. This study draws attention on exploring victim’s narrative perspectives on domestic violence and abuse against women in East London at Masimanyane Women’s Support Centre (MWSC) in Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The study employed a qualitative research approach, with In-Depth Interviews (IDI), Focus Group Discussions (FDGs), and review of related literature for data collection. The findings of this study were based only from participants who were victims of domestic violence and abuse, as some of the views were stated by visitors. This resulted in some situations where the witnesses of domestic violence and abuse, just like victims themselves did not want to report their incidents. Women may not reveal that they are suffering from domestic violence and abuse, as they fear of the image that they may be portraying about themselves and their family as a whole like social pressure and stigma of defamation. Although domestic abuse and violence increases all the time women are encouraged to open up on such cases about abuse. Real change in these cases can only be brought by changing the mind-set of society through education and better law enforcement. This study was anchored by both the Social Learning Theory and Feminist Theory. Upon recommendations, this study has seen that there should be government interventions and programs that help victims of domestic violence and abuse and also to work in a way of preventing the domestic violence and abuse.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Sigodla, Asavela
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Family violence Abused women
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc (Criminology)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16419 , vital:40718
- Description: Domestic violence and abuse also known as Gender-based violence (GBV) including rape, mutilation, murder and sexual abuse, is a profound health problem for women across the globe. Although domestic violence and sexual abuse is a significant cause of female morbidity and mortality, it is almost never seen as a public health issue. Domestic violence and abuse can happen to anyone of any race, age, sexual orientation, religion or gender. This study draws attention on exploring victim’s narrative perspectives on domestic violence and abuse against women in East London at Masimanyane Women’s Support Centre (MWSC) in Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The study employed a qualitative research approach, with In-Depth Interviews (IDI), Focus Group Discussions (FDGs), and review of related literature for data collection. The findings of this study were based only from participants who were victims of domestic violence and abuse, as some of the views were stated by visitors. This resulted in some situations where the witnesses of domestic violence and abuse, just like victims themselves did not want to report their incidents. Women may not reveal that they are suffering from domestic violence and abuse, as they fear of the image that they may be portraying about themselves and their family as a whole like social pressure and stigma of defamation. Although domestic abuse and violence increases all the time women are encouraged to open up on such cases about abuse. Real change in these cases can only be brought by changing the mind-set of society through education and better law enforcement. This study was anchored by both the Social Learning Theory and Feminist Theory. Upon recommendations, this study has seen that there should be government interventions and programs that help victims of domestic violence and abuse and also to work in a way of preventing the domestic violence and abuse.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The relationship between trait anxiety, job insecurity and intention to quit among employees at Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality
- Authors: Kavi, Bongiwe Morida
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Job security Job stress -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom (Industrial Psychology)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/12337 , vital:39254
- Description: There is relatively limited research based on trait anxiety, job insecurity and intention to quit and the relationship thereof. Job insecurity and anxiety are all reported in this study and in literature to have negative mental, emotional and even physical health hazards. The general objective of this study was to determine the moderating effect of trait anxiety on the relationship between job insecurity and intentions to quit. This study was solely quantitative in nature. The sample consisted of 122 municipality employees. The results emanating from the research indicate that there is a statistically significant relationship between Trait anxiety, Job insecurity, and intention to quit among the sample of employees selected to participate in the research, which negatively influences job satisfaction, organisational commitment, job involvement and trust. The study also concluded that trait anxiety was a significant moderator to the relationship between job insecurity and employees’ intention to quit. However, adding job insecurity to trait anxiety did not significantly add unique variance in predicting intention to quit. Thus, adding job insecurity to trait anxiety as an additional predictor on intention to quit, results in a nonsignificant increase in the amount of variation. The findings will aid human resource officers, managers and practitioners who work with the objective of attracting, recruiting and retaining the best staff, the study recommends these stakeholders to continuously review the factors and aspects of the job that may invite the feeling of insecurity on the part of employees.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Kavi, Bongiwe Morida
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Job security Job stress -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom (Industrial Psychology)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/12337 , vital:39254
- Description: There is relatively limited research based on trait anxiety, job insecurity and intention to quit and the relationship thereof. Job insecurity and anxiety are all reported in this study and in literature to have negative mental, emotional and even physical health hazards. The general objective of this study was to determine the moderating effect of trait anxiety on the relationship between job insecurity and intentions to quit. This study was solely quantitative in nature. The sample consisted of 122 municipality employees. The results emanating from the research indicate that there is a statistically significant relationship between Trait anxiety, Job insecurity, and intention to quit among the sample of employees selected to participate in the research, which negatively influences job satisfaction, organisational commitment, job involvement and trust. The study also concluded that trait anxiety was a significant moderator to the relationship between job insecurity and employees’ intention to quit. However, adding job insecurity to trait anxiety did not significantly add unique variance in predicting intention to quit. Thus, adding job insecurity to trait anxiety as an additional predictor on intention to quit, results in a nonsignificant increase in the amount of variation. The findings will aid human resource officers, managers and practitioners who work with the objective of attracting, recruiting and retaining the best staff, the study recommends these stakeholders to continuously review the factors and aspects of the job that may invite the feeling of insecurity on the part of employees.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The residuality of agriculture and the time dimensions of rural employment in South Africa
- Authors: Ngqwala, Sixolile
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Rural poor -- Employment
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom (Economics)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16985 , vital:40806
- Description: There has been increasing recognition in the past few decades that rural households in developing countries are not limited to the agricultural sector, but also depend on other, nonagricultural activities. Rural households are understood to pursue multiple livelihood strategies which involve juggling different economic pursuits as a means of reducing risk and maintaining options. In South Africa, the importance of multiple livelihood strategies is widely appreciated, on the other hand there is a common perception in policy circles that agricultural development can become an important route out of poverty, for instance as part-time small-scale farmers become larger and more commercialised. The purpose of this dissertation is to attempt to better understand the relationship between households’ participation in agriculture and nonagricultural activities. The point of departure is the observation that there is a great deal of flux into and out of agriculture in a way that is difficult to understand in terms of prevailing theories and frameworks. The study makes use of four waves of data from the National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS), and employs a variety of analytical approaches, including transition matrices, multinomial logistic regression, and panel data econometric models. The findings are mixed. In the one hand, there is evidence that households enter agriculture as other income sources become available, and leave agriculture again when those sources dry up. On the other hand, there is also evidence that participation in agriculture compensates for the absence or loss of other income sources, in which case agriculture can be thought of as a ‘residual’ sector that is activated when other options fail.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Ngqwala, Sixolile
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Rural poor -- Employment
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom (Economics)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16985 , vital:40806
- Description: There has been increasing recognition in the past few decades that rural households in developing countries are not limited to the agricultural sector, but also depend on other, nonagricultural activities. Rural households are understood to pursue multiple livelihood strategies which involve juggling different economic pursuits as a means of reducing risk and maintaining options. In South Africa, the importance of multiple livelihood strategies is widely appreciated, on the other hand there is a common perception in policy circles that agricultural development can become an important route out of poverty, for instance as part-time small-scale farmers become larger and more commercialised. The purpose of this dissertation is to attempt to better understand the relationship between households’ participation in agriculture and nonagricultural activities. The point of departure is the observation that there is a great deal of flux into and out of agriculture in a way that is difficult to understand in terms of prevailing theories and frameworks. The study makes use of four waves of data from the National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS), and employs a variety of analytical approaches, including transition matrices, multinomial logistic regression, and panel data econometric models. The findings are mixed. In the one hand, there is evidence that households enter agriculture as other income sources become available, and leave agriculture again when those sources dry up. On the other hand, there is also evidence that participation in agriculture compensates for the absence or loss of other income sources, in which case agriculture can be thought of as a ‘residual’ sector that is activated when other options fail.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The rise of populism in africa: the role of nativism in maintaining political power in South Africa and Zimbabwe
- Authors: Chindoga , Melody
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Nativism
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/15760 , vital:40521
- Description: ZANU-PF and ANC have been in power in their respective countries since the advent of democracy. However, the popularity of both the ANC and ZANU-PF has shifted from urban areas to rural areas, where their support bases are now concentrated (Clapham, 2012). Rural areas have benefitted the least from access to public resources and resource distribution yet despite this, they have provided the much needed support to both the ANC and ZANU-PF respectively. The politics of nativism has been used by the Zuma-led faction in the ANC and ZANUPF in maintaining political power in their respective domains in South Africa and Zimbabwe. Nativism has been identified as a form of populism that is used as a political strategy to gain and maintain political power. It arises from opposition to the mind-set of colonialism in the form of a ‘reverse discourse’ that seeks to undermine colonial ideas through the mobilisation of African culture and is reliant on cultivating opposition to a defined enemy. Therefore, the study seeks to investigate how the politics of nativism have been used by the Zuma-led faction in the ANC and by ZANUPF respectively to maintain power, by focusing particularly on their rural support bases. This study aligns itself with the broadly critical African perspective that is constituted by post-colonial theory and the accompanying oppositional canon of literature that is directly linked to the struggles against colonialism and oppression in former colonies, whilst also contesting contemporary representations of post-colonial societies emanating from those sources within which power resides. The study took the form of qualitative research, within which an interpretive approach was utilised to explore and to analyse the responses by inhabitants of two rural areas in South Africa and Zimbabwe to the nativist strategies and discourse constructed by the Zuma-led faction of the ANC and ZANU-PF respectively, contributing to the ongoing electoral support for these parties in rural areas. The research findings revealed that to maintain their popularity in rural areas, the nativist discourse of the Zuma-led faction of the ANC and ZANU-PF has exploited historical factors related to oppression and inhumane treatment by Whites. The research also established that nativist discourse was utilised in rural areas of South ii Africa and Zimbabwe with varying success. It resonated with the experiences of the older generation of White domination, whereas most of the younger generation could not relate to its heavy reliance on anti-White sentiment. Those under the age of 35, typically considered as the youth, did not identify with much of the discourse and were sceptical of its racist foundation, preferring instead change in political leadership in order for change to occur
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Chindoga , Melody
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Nativism
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/15760 , vital:40521
- Description: ZANU-PF and ANC have been in power in their respective countries since the advent of democracy. However, the popularity of both the ANC and ZANU-PF has shifted from urban areas to rural areas, where their support bases are now concentrated (Clapham, 2012). Rural areas have benefitted the least from access to public resources and resource distribution yet despite this, they have provided the much needed support to both the ANC and ZANU-PF respectively. The politics of nativism has been used by the Zuma-led faction in the ANC and ZANUPF in maintaining political power in their respective domains in South Africa and Zimbabwe. Nativism has been identified as a form of populism that is used as a political strategy to gain and maintain political power. It arises from opposition to the mind-set of colonialism in the form of a ‘reverse discourse’ that seeks to undermine colonial ideas through the mobilisation of African culture and is reliant on cultivating opposition to a defined enemy. Therefore, the study seeks to investigate how the politics of nativism have been used by the Zuma-led faction in the ANC and by ZANUPF respectively to maintain power, by focusing particularly on their rural support bases. This study aligns itself with the broadly critical African perspective that is constituted by post-colonial theory and the accompanying oppositional canon of literature that is directly linked to the struggles against colonialism and oppression in former colonies, whilst also contesting contemporary representations of post-colonial societies emanating from those sources within which power resides. The study took the form of qualitative research, within which an interpretive approach was utilised to explore and to analyse the responses by inhabitants of two rural areas in South Africa and Zimbabwe to the nativist strategies and discourse constructed by the Zuma-led faction of the ANC and ZANU-PF respectively, contributing to the ongoing electoral support for these parties in rural areas. The research findings revealed that to maintain their popularity in rural areas, the nativist discourse of the Zuma-led faction of the ANC and ZANU-PF has exploited historical factors related to oppression and inhumane treatment by Whites. The research also established that nativist discourse was utilised in rural areas of South ii Africa and Zimbabwe with varying success. It resonated with the experiences of the older generation of White domination, whereas most of the younger generation could not relate to its heavy reliance on anti-White sentiment. Those under the age of 35, typically considered as the youth, did not identify with much of the discourse and were sceptical of its racist foundation, preferring instead change in political leadership in order for change to occur
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- Date Issued: 2019
The role of gardening in improving community resilience in rural areas: a case study of Raymond Mhlaba, Port St Johns and Ingquza Hill Local Municipalities, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
- Authors: Hendrick, Namhla Andiphile
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Community gardens
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/17224 , vital:40867
- Description: The increase of challenges in rural areas especially in developing countries has widened the vulnerability of rural people in the rural communities. This study has found that gardening has become the weapon to defend rural people and communities in developing countries against poverty and other hardships, since gardening in rural communities has the possibility to act as sustainable livelihood strategy. Semi structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data from smallholder farmers in the three local municipalities (Raymond Mhlaba, Port St Johns and Ingquza Hill local municipalities). The research investigated both home and community gardening. Multistage sampling was employed to select the sample. In stage one, the three Local Municipalities (LM’s) were purposively selected. In stage two, farmers were grouped into wards and communities and samples drawn in such a way that each group was well represented. This was followed by using quota sampling through the census statistics to determine farmers who are practising gardening whether it is community gardening or household gardening in these three local municipalities. Finally, random sampling was used to select a sample of 203 households that are undertaking some form of gardening (home or community) and are willingness to participate in the study. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 24) was used to analyse the data by means of descriptive statistics and logistic regression model. The results confirm the strong links between home or community gardening and community resilience and that the influence is conditioned by a range of socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, including, age, occupation, access to extension officer and farming experience. In the light of the foregoing, it is recommended that households and communities be encouraged establish and operate home and/or community gardens as a strategy for coping with adversities that rural areas confront from time to time. In line with that, social interactions must be encouraged in communities because such interactions increase resilience in the sense that they build confidence in community members and a strong sense of belonging and trust. The role of education in enhancing access to information and knowledge that promote community resilience to disasters and shocks needs to be recognized and incorporated in community planning
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Hendrick, Namhla Andiphile
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Community gardens
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/17224 , vital:40867
- Description: The increase of challenges in rural areas especially in developing countries has widened the vulnerability of rural people in the rural communities. This study has found that gardening has become the weapon to defend rural people and communities in developing countries against poverty and other hardships, since gardening in rural communities has the possibility to act as sustainable livelihood strategy. Semi structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data from smallholder farmers in the three local municipalities (Raymond Mhlaba, Port St Johns and Ingquza Hill local municipalities). The research investigated both home and community gardening. Multistage sampling was employed to select the sample. In stage one, the three Local Municipalities (LM’s) were purposively selected. In stage two, farmers were grouped into wards and communities and samples drawn in such a way that each group was well represented. This was followed by using quota sampling through the census statistics to determine farmers who are practising gardening whether it is community gardening or household gardening in these three local municipalities. Finally, random sampling was used to select a sample of 203 households that are undertaking some form of gardening (home or community) and are willingness to participate in the study. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 24) was used to analyse the data by means of descriptive statistics and logistic regression model. The results confirm the strong links between home or community gardening and community resilience and that the influence is conditioned by a range of socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, including, age, occupation, access to extension officer and farming experience. In the light of the foregoing, it is recommended that households and communities be encouraged establish and operate home and/or community gardens as a strategy for coping with adversities that rural areas confront from time to time. In line with that, social interactions must be encouraged in communities because such interactions increase resilience in the sense that they build confidence in community members and a strong sense of belonging and trust. The role of education in enhancing access to information and knowledge that promote community resilience to disasters and shocks needs to be recognized and incorporated in community planning
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The role of information technology in the management of records in the Department of Sports, Recreation, Arts and Culture, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Mdingi, Nomaciko
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Records -- Management Information technology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M.LIS
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/17630 , vital:41130
- Description: Information Technology (IT) has offered new and different ways in the management of records and distribution of information. Due to IT, records and information are accessed easily, appropriately preserved, quickly retrieved and managed for operational decision-making. Consequently, the main aim of this study was to investigate the role of IT in the management of records with specific reference to the Department of Sports, Recreation, Arts, and Culture, King Williams Town, Eastern Cape. It further examined the types of records created by the department and the current status of its records, compliance to the legal framework for both paper-based and electronic records management, skills and knowledge of staff, archivists and records managers in relation to information technology and the management of electronic records and the constraints the Department of Sports, Recreation, Arts, and Culture encounter in the management of electronic records and recommend possible solutions. One major finding unearthed by this study is that the department is still manually storing records even though the information technology revolution has evolved. The study also found out that the department is faced with a number of challenges when it comes to the responsibility for the implementation of IT in the department. The study put forward a number of recommendations that had to be considered in an attempt to help the department and its employees manage electronic records and tone is mentioned here as this is a prerequisite. It will be beneficial if all the officials that deal with records take the course on records and archives management in institutions like University of Fort Hare so that they know more about the management of records as a whole package.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Mdingi, Nomaciko
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Records -- Management Information technology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , M.LIS
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/17630 , vital:41130
- Description: Information Technology (IT) has offered new and different ways in the management of records and distribution of information. Due to IT, records and information are accessed easily, appropriately preserved, quickly retrieved and managed for operational decision-making. Consequently, the main aim of this study was to investigate the role of IT in the management of records with specific reference to the Department of Sports, Recreation, Arts, and Culture, King Williams Town, Eastern Cape. It further examined the types of records created by the department and the current status of its records, compliance to the legal framework for both paper-based and electronic records management, skills and knowledge of staff, archivists and records managers in relation to information technology and the management of electronic records and the constraints the Department of Sports, Recreation, Arts, and Culture encounter in the management of electronic records and recommend possible solutions. One major finding unearthed by this study is that the department is still manually storing records even though the information technology revolution has evolved. The study also found out that the department is faced with a number of challenges when it comes to the responsibility for the implementation of IT in the department. The study put forward a number of recommendations that had to be considered in an attempt to help the department and its employees manage electronic records and tone is mentioned here as this is a prerequisite. It will be beneficial if all the officials that deal with records take the course on records and archives management in institutions like University of Fort Hare so that they know more about the management of records as a whole package.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
The role of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) in the livelihoods of communities in Alfred Nzo District Municipality, Eastern Cape Province
- Authors: Thinyane, Zingisa
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Non-timber forest products
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/14737 , vital:40077
- Description: Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are renewable natural resources which are harvested by local communities from the surrounding homesteads, fields, grazing lands, woodlands, grasslands and natural habitats. The term NTFP may be used in reference to biological products collected from the domesticated land, semidomesticated land or from the wild. This study examined the use of NTFPs in Alfred Nzo District Municipality, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, assessing their consumption patterns and contribution to the household well-being. Data on NTFP identity and utilization in the study area were gathered through community focus group discussions and household surveys using semi-structured questionnaires between April 2017 and May 2018. A sample of 124 participants selected via snowball-sampling technique provided detailed accounts on diversity and utilization of NTFPs in the study area. A total of 59 species and eight extractable NTFPs were utilized by the communities in Alfred Nzo District Municipality. The identified eight use categories were herbal medicine (39.0%), edible plants and mushroom (18.0%), firewood (11%), bushmeat (10.0%), forage (9.0%), construction material (6.0%), ceremonial uses (2.0%) and others with miscellaneous uses (5.0%). Popular NTFPs with use values exceeding 0.50 include Agapanthus africanus (L.) Hoffmanns, Bulbine latifolia (L.f.) Spreng., Centella asiatica (L.) Urb, Elephantorrhiza elephantina (Burch.) Skeels, Hypoxis hemerocallidea Fisch., C.A. Mey & Avé-Lall and Leonotis leonurus (L.) R. Br., all used as herbal medicines, Agapanthus africanus (L.) (herbal medicine and ornamental), Datura stromonium L. (herbal medicine, forage and firewood), Dicerothamnus rhinocerotis (L.f) Koekemoer (herbal medicine and fumigant), Aepyceros melampus Lichtenstein, Pavo cristatus L., Struthio camelus L. and Xerus inauris Hemprich & Ehnrenberg as bushmeat. Information on diversity, consumption ii patterns and contribution of NTFPs to livelihood needs of households may enable policy makers and government officers to draft policies required for sustainable management of NTFPs.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Thinyane, Zingisa
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Non-timber forest products
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/14737 , vital:40077
- Description: Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are renewable natural resources which are harvested by local communities from the surrounding homesteads, fields, grazing lands, woodlands, grasslands and natural habitats. The term NTFP may be used in reference to biological products collected from the domesticated land, semidomesticated land or from the wild. This study examined the use of NTFPs in Alfred Nzo District Municipality, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, assessing their consumption patterns and contribution to the household well-being. Data on NTFP identity and utilization in the study area were gathered through community focus group discussions and household surveys using semi-structured questionnaires between April 2017 and May 2018. A sample of 124 participants selected via snowball-sampling technique provided detailed accounts on diversity and utilization of NTFPs in the study area. A total of 59 species and eight extractable NTFPs were utilized by the communities in Alfred Nzo District Municipality. The identified eight use categories were herbal medicine (39.0%), edible plants and mushroom (18.0%), firewood (11%), bushmeat (10.0%), forage (9.0%), construction material (6.0%), ceremonial uses (2.0%) and others with miscellaneous uses (5.0%). Popular NTFPs with use values exceeding 0.50 include Agapanthus africanus (L.) Hoffmanns, Bulbine latifolia (L.f.) Spreng., Centella asiatica (L.) Urb, Elephantorrhiza elephantina (Burch.) Skeels, Hypoxis hemerocallidea Fisch., C.A. Mey & Avé-Lall and Leonotis leonurus (L.) R. Br., all used as herbal medicines, Agapanthus africanus (L.) (herbal medicine and ornamental), Datura stromonium L. (herbal medicine, forage and firewood), Dicerothamnus rhinocerotis (L.f) Koekemoer (herbal medicine and fumigant), Aepyceros melampus Lichtenstein, Pavo cristatus L., Struthio camelus L. and Xerus inauris Hemprich & Ehnrenberg as bushmeat. Information on diversity, consumption ii patterns and contribution of NTFPs to livelihood needs of households may enable policy makers and government officers to draft policies required for sustainable management of NTFPs.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019