Synthesis of coumarin based fluorescent chemosensors for the detection of metal ions.
- Authors: Hamukoshi, Simeon Shiweda
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Organic compounds--Synthesis
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52041 , vital:43422
- Description: The study focused on the synthesis of three coumarin-based chemosensors; hydrazone fluorescent chemosensor , azo-benzothiazole dye and azo-quinoline dye. The hydrazone fluorescent chemosensor was synthesised through multiple reaction steps were the azide functionality at position 8 of the coumarin backbone was replaced with the hydrazone group in the last reaction step. The azo dyes were synthesised through a two step reaction process. The photophysical properties of all three chemosensors were investigated. The hydrazone chemosensor and azo-benzothiazole dye presented high absorption and emission, while the azo-quinoline only presented absorption properties. The chemosensing ability of the three products were investigated through absorption and emission. The hydrazone chemosensor was found to be highly selective towards Fe3+ in water and the dyes were found to be selective towards Hg2+. The mechanisms of interaction between the chemosensors and their selective metal ions were investigated via computational analysis and 1H NMR analysis. All of the chemosensors where characyerised using 1H NMR, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) and the X Ray Chrystal structure for the hydrazone chemosensor was obtained via X ray Chrystallography. Finally, the electron density distribution of the all synthesised compounds their predicted stable metal ion complexes was determined using Density Functionaly Theory (DFT). , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Hamukoshi, Simeon Shiweda
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Organic compounds--Synthesis
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52041 , vital:43422
- Description: The study focused on the synthesis of three coumarin-based chemosensors; hydrazone fluorescent chemosensor , azo-benzothiazole dye and azo-quinoline dye. The hydrazone fluorescent chemosensor was synthesised through multiple reaction steps were the azide functionality at position 8 of the coumarin backbone was replaced with the hydrazone group in the last reaction step. The azo dyes were synthesised through a two step reaction process. The photophysical properties of all three chemosensors were investigated. The hydrazone chemosensor and azo-benzothiazole dye presented high absorption and emission, while the azo-quinoline only presented absorption properties. The chemosensing ability of the three products were investigated through absorption and emission. The hydrazone chemosensor was found to be highly selective towards Fe3+ in water and the dyes were found to be selective towards Hg2+. The mechanisms of interaction between the chemosensors and their selective metal ions were investigated via computational analysis and 1H NMR analysis. All of the chemosensors where characyerised using 1H NMR, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) and the X Ray Chrystal structure for the hydrazone chemosensor was obtained via X ray Chrystallography. Finally, the electron density distribution of the all synthesised compounds their predicted stable metal ion complexes was determined using Density Functionaly Theory (DFT). , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Testing alternative Pinus species and hybrids for the South African structural pole market
- Authors: Ndovela, Lisakhanya Sizo
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52002 , vital:43435
- Description: According to the South African National Standards, only Pinus canariensis, Pinus pinaster and Pinus radiata are suitable to be used as structural softwood poles. Of the three Pinus species mentioned, only P. radiata is still planted in South Africa and its future and availability is uncertain. The lack of availability of structural pine poles necessitates the South African forestry industry to look at alternative softwood species to plant. The broad aim of this study was to determine whether there are alternative Pinus species or hybrids that can be planted in South Africa’s Western and Southern Cape areas that will have suitable properties to be used as a resource for structural poles. This document reports on the testing of the strength and stiffness, as well as other relevant properties, of poles from several Pinus species and Pinus hybrids. The poles were derived from thinned eight-year-old tree stands in Knysna, Western Cape. Poles were peeled, kiln dried and graded before bending tests were carried out. Species and hybrids were also assessed for differences within a tree along the length. Also, the correlation between modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE) and wood grading properties was evaluated. The results showed that there was a highly significant effect of species and log position on the mean MOR of the poles. In general, poles from the bottom of the tree had a higher mean MOR than poles from the top of the tree. There was also a highly significant effect of species and pole position on the mean MOE of poles, with poles at the top of the trees generally having higher MOE values. A very concerning finding was that the 5th percentile MOR and mean MOE values of all the species were far lower than required by SANS 10163-1 (2003). Even for the best performing species, P. radiata, the MOR 5th percentile value was less than half the required value, while the mean MOE was also 39% lower than the required mean MOE. Apart from P. radiata, the P. maximinoi performed the best of all species and hybrids since it had a statistically similar mean MOR and MOE to P. radiata. P. elliottii and the hybrid P. elliottii x caribaea had statistically significant lower MOR and MOE than P. radiata. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Natural Resource Management, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Ndovela, Lisakhanya Sizo
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52002 , vital:43435
- Description: According to the South African National Standards, only Pinus canariensis, Pinus pinaster and Pinus radiata are suitable to be used as structural softwood poles. Of the three Pinus species mentioned, only P. radiata is still planted in South Africa and its future and availability is uncertain. The lack of availability of structural pine poles necessitates the South African forestry industry to look at alternative softwood species to plant. The broad aim of this study was to determine whether there are alternative Pinus species or hybrids that can be planted in South Africa’s Western and Southern Cape areas that will have suitable properties to be used as a resource for structural poles. This document reports on the testing of the strength and stiffness, as well as other relevant properties, of poles from several Pinus species and Pinus hybrids. The poles were derived from thinned eight-year-old tree stands in Knysna, Western Cape. Poles were peeled, kiln dried and graded before bending tests were carried out. Species and hybrids were also assessed for differences within a tree along the length. Also, the correlation between modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE) and wood grading properties was evaluated. The results showed that there was a highly significant effect of species and log position on the mean MOR of the poles. In general, poles from the bottom of the tree had a higher mean MOR than poles from the top of the tree. There was also a highly significant effect of species and pole position on the mean MOE of poles, with poles at the top of the trees generally having higher MOE values. A very concerning finding was that the 5th percentile MOR and mean MOE values of all the species were far lower than required by SANS 10163-1 (2003). Even for the best performing species, P. radiata, the MOR 5th percentile value was less than half the required value, while the mean MOE was also 39% lower than the required mean MOE. Apart from P. radiata, the P. maximinoi performed the best of all species and hybrids since it had a statistically similar mean MOR and MOE to P. radiata. P. elliottii and the hybrid P. elliottii x caribaea had statistically significant lower MOR and MOE than P. radiata. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Natural Resource Management, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Testing the applicability of the Twin deficits and the Ricardian equivalence hypotheses in South Africa
- Authors: Makua, Khutso Baltimore
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Budget deficits -- South Africa , South Africa -- Economic conditions , Economics
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51831 , vital:43376
- Description: This study investigates the applicability of the twin deficit and Ricardian equivalence hypotheses in South Africa by exploring the relationship between budget deficits and current account deficits for the period 1990-2020 in South Africa. The reviewed theoretical and empirical literature has shown the results of this relationship to be mixed, depending on the region in review and the policy regime in some instances. The Johansen cointegration test was used because it has advantage over the Engle-Granger over the number of cointegrating relationships they both test. Compared to Engle-Granger, Johansen cointegration allows for more than one cointegrating relationship. The test show evidence that there is cointegration between current account deficits, budget deficits and other explanatory variables. The tests indicated the presence of cointegration which led to the estimation of VECM. Co-integration and vector error correction modelling techniques were applied to South African data between 1990 to 2020 period. The study at hand indicated that government budget deficits have a long run negative effect on current account deficits, but Granger causality failed to prove the direction of causality between the main variables, current account deficits and current account deficits. Therefore, the study concluded that the twin deficits hypothesis is not applicable in South Africa and revealed that South Africa is a Ricardian economy as Granger causality could not establish that budget deficits cause current account deficits. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Economics, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Makua, Khutso Baltimore
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Budget deficits -- South Africa , South Africa -- Economic conditions , Economics
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51831 , vital:43376
- Description: This study investigates the applicability of the twin deficit and Ricardian equivalence hypotheses in South Africa by exploring the relationship between budget deficits and current account deficits for the period 1990-2020 in South Africa. The reviewed theoretical and empirical literature has shown the results of this relationship to be mixed, depending on the region in review and the policy regime in some instances. The Johansen cointegration test was used because it has advantage over the Engle-Granger over the number of cointegrating relationships they both test. Compared to Engle-Granger, Johansen cointegration allows for more than one cointegrating relationship. The test show evidence that there is cointegration between current account deficits, budget deficits and other explanatory variables. The tests indicated the presence of cointegration which led to the estimation of VECM. Co-integration and vector error correction modelling techniques were applied to South African data between 1990 to 2020 period. The study at hand indicated that government budget deficits have a long run negative effect on current account deficits, but Granger causality failed to prove the direction of causality between the main variables, current account deficits and current account deficits. Therefore, the study concluded that the twin deficits hypothesis is not applicable in South Africa and revealed that South Africa is a Ricardian economy as Granger causality could not establish that budget deficits cause current account deficits. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Economics, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The application and outcomes of action research as a team development intervention
- Authors: Kloppers, Paul
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Teams in the workplace , Teams in the workplace|xTraining of , Management -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51721 , vital:43366
- Description: An action research design was used to develop a team development intervention to determine the effect of the team development intervention on team functioning, as considered within a postmodern paradigm. A team of nine members agreed to participate in this study. For the purpose of this study, the researcher targeted an existing (intact) team who was already operating as a team within the work context. Therefore, convenience sampling (purposive) was used to select the relevant team. Data was collected using focus group sessions. The initial intention was to record these sessions to allow for collecting verbatim data that would aid the process of data analysis. However, due to participant concerns regarding confidentiality, the researcher suggested introducing a co-facilitator who would record proceedings by making process notes. The additional benefit of this approach included observation data that was obtained during the focus group sessions. A nine-step model was used as a guideline to conduct the focus group discussion and an intervention in the form of a team workshop was designed. The workshop, consisting of three integrated sessions, was implemented and the effect thereof determined by conducting a follow-up session with the team. The data collected from the focus group session before as well as after the workshop was processed and interpreted using thematic analysis. Issues of trustworthiness and data authenticity was dealt with during the focus group sessions by means of reciprocal feedback loops. The teambuilding workshop that was informed by the focus group input, focused on creating awareness around communication (interpersonal), behaviours driven by team values (interpersonal), as well as managing focus and energy (team processes). The team reported that the style and content of the workshop was apt and that the process was a good learning experience. This seems to support research suggesting that team building has a positive effect on developing interpersonal relationships, which could then benefit organisational performance. The results are discussed in relation to theory and suggestions are proposed for future research. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Industrial Psychology, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Kloppers, Paul
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Teams in the workplace , Teams in the workplace|xTraining of , Management -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51721 , vital:43366
- Description: An action research design was used to develop a team development intervention to determine the effect of the team development intervention on team functioning, as considered within a postmodern paradigm. A team of nine members agreed to participate in this study. For the purpose of this study, the researcher targeted an existing (intact) team who was already operating as a team within the work context. Therefore, convenience sampling (purposive) was used to select the relevant team. Data was collected using focus group sessions. The initial intention was to record these sessions to allow for collecting verbatim data that would aid the process of data analysis. However, due to participant concerns regarding confidentiality, the researcher suggested introducing a co-facilitator who would record proceedings by making process notes. The additional benefit of this approach included observation data that was obtained during the focus group sessions. A nine-step model was used as a guideline to conduct the focus group discussion and an intervention in the form of a team workshop was designed. The workshop, consisting of three integrated sessions, was implemented and the effect thereof determined by conducting a follow-up session with the team. The data collected from the focus group session before as well as after the workshop was processed and interpreted using thematic analysis. Issues of trustworthiness and data authenticity was dealt with during the focus group sessions by means of reciprocal feedback loops. The teambuilding workshop that was informed by the focus group input, focused on creating awareness around communication (interpersonal), behaviours driven by team values (interpersonal), as well as managing focus and energy (team processes). The team reported that the style and content of the workshop was apt and that the process was a good learning experience. This seems to support research suggesting that team building has a positive effect on developing interpersonal relationships, which could then benefit organisational performance. The results are discussed in relation to theory and suggestions are proposed for future research. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Industrial Psychology, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The application of the doctrine of common purpose to the joint possession of firearms
- Authors: Mnono, Zimbini
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Firearms--Law and legislation
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51197 , vital:43225
- Description: According to the South African criminal justice system, where two or more people in a joint unlawful enterprise associate to commit a crime with only one participant carrying a firearm, the principles of joint possession are used to secure successful prosecution of the participants for joint possession of the firearm. However, up to date, the State is yet to see a conviction based on the application of these principles. S v Khambule marks the first case in which the doctrine of common purpose was used to secure a conviction of multiple accused for the crime of joint possession of firearms. The case has become outdated law following the Supreme Court of Appeal decision in S v Mbuli where the court found that the doctrine could not be applied to circumstance crimes such as joint possession of firearms. Both cases have received enormous criticism from academics and in subsequent judgments. One main criticism relates to whether the failure to apply the doctrine of common purpose is consistent with the current law and constitutional freedoms, such as the right to be free from all forms of violence and the right to equal benefit of the law. The purpose of the dissertation is to evaluate the jurisprudence on the application of the doctrine of common purpose to the joint possession of firearms. The evaluation includes an analysis of the principles of joint possession in the context of constitutional rights as well as contributions made by academics such as Burchell. The commonpurpose doctrine does not extend to joint possession of firearms. This is as a result of firstly, the absence of causation from the definitional elements of the crime; secondly, the mental aspect of possession; thirdly, the principles of joint possession as the basis of liability for joint possession of firearms; and lastly due to the nature of the crime of joint possession of firearms, being a circumstance crime. The paper recommends the extension of the doctrine of common purpose to joint possession of firearms. The recommendation is based on the following arguments. Firstly, the mental aspect of possession relates to the description of the article and not fault. Secondly, the doctrine is and has always been intended to criminalise joint wrongdoings. Thirdly, the extension of the doctrine of common purpose to joint possession of firearms is consistent with the presumption of possession in terms of the Firearm Controls Act. Lastly, the expansion enhances constitutional rights and fulfils the duty of the State to make South Africa less vulnerable to firearms. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Criminal and Procedural Law, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Mnono, Zimbini
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Firearms--Law and legislation
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51197 , vital:43225
- Description: According to the South African criminal justice system, where two or more people in a joint unlawful enterprise associate to commit a crime with only one participant carrying a firearm, the principles of joint possession are used to secure successful prosecution of the participants for joint possession of the firearm. However, up to date, the State is yet to see a conviction based on the application of these principles. S v Khambule marks the first case in which the doctrine of common purpose was used to secure a conviction of multiple accused for the crime of joint possession of firearms. The case has become outdated law following the Supreme Court of Appeal decision in S v Mbuli where the court found that the doctrine could not be applied to circumstance crimes such as joint possession of firearms. Both cases have received enormous criticism from academics and in subsequent judgments. One main criticism relates to whether the failure to apply the doctrine of common purpose is consistent with the current law and constitutional freedoms, such as the right to be free from all forms of violence and the right to equal benefit of the law. The purpose of the dissertation is to evaluate the jurisprudence on the application of the doctrine of common purpose to the joint possession of firearms. The evaluation includes an analysis of the principles of joint possession in the context of constitutional rights as well as contributions made by academics such as Burchell. The commonpurpose doctrine does not extend to joint possession of firearms. This is as a result of firstly, the absence of causation from the definitional elements of the crime; secondly, the mental aspect of possession; thirdly, the principles of joint possession as the basis of liability for joint possession of firearms; and lastly due to the nature of the crime of joint possession of firearms, being a circumstance crime. The paper recommends the extension of the doctrine of common purpose to joint possession of firearms. The recommendation is based on the following arguments. Firstly, the mental aspect of possession relates to the description of the article and not fault. Secondly, the doctrine is and has always been intended to criminalise joint wrongdoings. Thirdly, the extension of the doctrine of common purpose to joint possession of firearms is consistent with the presumption of possession in terms of the Firearm Controls Act. Lastly, the expansion enhances constitutional rights and fulfils the duty of the State to make South Africa less vulnerable to firearms. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Criminal and Procedural Law, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The application of the prevention and combating of corrupt activities act
- Authors: Landman, Johan Abraham
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Corrupt practices--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51201 , vital:43223
- Description: The study will address the application of the Prevention and Combatting of Corrupt Activities Act (PCCAA) and the various offences that is created by PCCAA and how the coutls apply PCCAA in corruption cases. This study will compare the crimes that was created under the repealed Corruption Act with the crimes created under PCCAA, lt will further show how the courls interpreted the application of PCCAA. The infamous case of former police commissioner, Jacki Selebi will be discussed and how the Supreme coutl of Appeal applied section 4 of PCCAA. lt will furlher explore why section 5 of PCCAA needs amendment to be able to prosecute foreign public officials under PCCAA. The PCCAA Amendment Bill is currently before parliament to amend section 5 of PCCAA. This study will further explore how corruption is dealt considering hospitality and gifts. This must be the most unnoticed form of bribery that occurs which PCCAA does not specifically clearly addresses. This will shorlly be compared to the German Penal Code. All legislation has strengths and weaknesses, including PCCAA. This study will explore those strengths and weaknesses and how they can be solved. lt will explore loopholes within PCCAA and the strategy of 'unbundling' corruption and its effects. lt has been stressed by the courts that corruption is a very serious crime and therefore the reporting thereof is impoftant. This study will discuss the reporling of corruption in terms of section 34 of PCCAA. This study will fufther show through South African case law that the courls are too lenient when sentencing individuals guilty of corruption and that the minimum sentence needs to be the starting point for sentencing offenders. The courts should not have discretion to deviate from this minimum sentence given how serious the courls express corruption to be and the devastating effects it has. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Criminal and Procedural Law, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Landman, Johan Abraham
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Corrupt practices--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51201 , vital:43223
- Description: The study will address the application of the Prevention and Combatting of Corrupt Activities Act (PCCAA) and the various offences that is created by PCCAA and how the coutls apply PCCAA in corruption cases. This study will compare the crimes that was created under the repealed Corruption Act with the crimes created under PCCAA, lt will further show how the courls interpreted the application of PCCAA. The infamous case of former police commissioner, Jacki Selebi will be discussed and how the Supreme coutl of Appeal applied section 4 of PCCAA. lt will furlher explore why section 5 of PCCAA needs amendment to be able to prosecute foreign public officials under PCCAA. The PCCAA Amendment Bill is currently before parliament to amend section 5 of PCCAA. This study will further explore how corruption is dealt considering hospitality and gifts. This must be the most unnoticed form of bribery that occurs which PCCAA does not specifically clearly addresses. This will shorlly be compared to the German Penal Code. All legislation has strengths and weaknesses, including PCCAA. This study will explore those strengths and weaknesses and how they can be solved. lt will explore loopholes within PCCAA and the strategy of 'unbundling' corruption and its effects. lt has been stressed by the courts that corruption is a very serious crime and therefore the reporting thereof is impoftant. This study will discuss the reporling of corruption in terms of section 34 of PCCAA. This study will fufther show through South African case law that the courls are too lenient when sentencing individuals guilty of corruption and that the minimum sentence needs to be the starting point for sentencing offenders. The courts should not have discretion to deviate from this minimum sentence given how serious the courls express corruption to be and the devastating effects it has. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Criminal and Procedural Law, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The benefits and problems related to the proposed national health insurance in South Africa
- Authors: Mahamba, Thandi Theodore
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: National health insurance -- South Africa , Health care reform -- South Africa , Community health services -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51820 , vital:43375
- Description: Globally, the focus of many governments is on achieving universal health care for the citizens. In ensuring universal health care for South Africans, a National Health Insurance scheme has been established with a special focus on ensuring efficiency and effectiveness in the health sector. South Africa is reforming its health care system by the implementation of the NHI scheme which is seen by the South African government as the key to addressing the shortcomings and disparities in the health care sector in the country. The primary aim of this study was to review the available literature and policies related to the benefits and the problems around the NHI in South Africa. The study sought to determine the benefits associated with the implementation of NHI, to identify the possible challenges that may affect the effective implementation of NHI and to give recommendations based on the study on how the NHI can be implemented in a sustainable way. The Agency theory was adopted as a theoretical framework that guides the study. A qualitative research approach was utilised with the use of the exploratory and descriptive research designs. The data was collected through document analysis and thematic analysis was utilised to analyse the collected data. The findings show that the implementation of NHI in South Africa is beneficial as it will address issues of inequality and scarcity within the health care sector. Notably, there are some underlying shortcomings of the South African health care system which are likely to also affect NHI effective implementation. These include capacity of the government, corruption, mismanagement, wastage of resources, unequal distribution of health care professionals, and lack of knowledge on the part of the health care practitioners. This study concludes that these issues need to be addressed for the effective and efficient implementation of the NHI in South Africa. The study recommends strengthening monitoring and evaluation, accountability, training of more health professionals, conducting a baseline survey and building capacity of the government to implement NHI successfully. , Thesis (MPhil) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Development Finance, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Mahamba, Thandi Theodore
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: National health insurance -- South Africa , Health care reform -- South Africa , Community health services -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51820 , vital:43375
- Description: Globally, the focus of many governments is on achieving universal health care for the citizens. In ensuring universal health care for South Africans, a National Health Insurance scheme has been established with a special focus on ensuring efficiency and effectiveness in the health sector. South Africa is reforming its health care system by the implementation of the NHI scheme which is seen by the South African government as the key to addressing the shortcomings and disparities in the health care sector in the country. The primary aim of this study was to review the available literature and policies related to the benefits and the problems around the NHI in South Africa. The study sought to determine the benefits associated with the implementation of NHI, to identify the possible challenges that may affect the effective implementation of NHI and to give recommendations based on the study on how the NHI can be implemented in a sustainable way. The Agency theory was adopted as a theoretical framework that guides the study. A qualitative research approach was utilised with the use of the exploratory and descriptive research designs. The data was collected through document analysis and thematic analysis was utilised to analyse the collected data. The findings show that the implementation of NHI in South Africa is beneficial as it will address issues of inequality and scarcity within the health care sector. Notably, there are some underlying shortcomings of the South African health care system which are likely to also affect NHI effective implementation. These include capacity of the government, corruption, mismanagement, wastage of resources, unequal distribution of health care professionals, and lack of knowledge on the part of the health care practitioners. This study concludes that these issues need to be addressed for the effective and efficient implementation of the NHI in South Africa. The study recommends strengthening monitoring and evaluation, accountability, training of more health professionals, conducting a baseline survey and building capacity of the government to implement NHI successfully. , Thesis (MPhil) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Development Finance, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The combating of gang activities in terms of the Prevention of Organised Crime Act 121 of 1998
- Authors: Lande,Sonwabise
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Crime Prevention- South Africa , Law-- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55175 , vital:49580
- Description: This treatise discuses, the effectiveness of the Prevention of Organised Crime Act (POCA), specifically, Chapter Four of the Act. POCA was enacted for the purposes of tackling, inter alia, the threat posed by money laundering, racketeering and criminal gang activities. Moreover, POCA was enacted to supplement the common law, specifically the doctrines of common purpose, conspiracy, public violence as well as incitement. In this respect, the legislative framework in line with POCA- aimed at addressing money laundering and racketeering have contributed significantly in addressing such crimes. However, the same cannot be said about its effect on dealing with criminal gang activities. The criticisms which have been raised for the increase of criminal gang activities are that the sentences provided for in Chapter Four of POCA are viewed as inadequate in terms of deterrence because they are too lenient. The sentences do not hold gang leaders accountable but rather focus on foot soldiers. Likewise, POCA is similar to and does not expand the common law. This treatise aims to demystify the issues relating to criminal gang activities in South Africa. It investigates the extent to which Chapter Four of POCA adds significant value to the common law in respect of criminalising criminal gang related activities. It concludes and make recommendations on how criminal gang activities can be tackled while upholding South Africa’s constitutional values.bstract text. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Criminal and Procedural Law, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Lande,Sonwabise
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Crime Prevention- South Africa , Law-- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55175 , vital:49580
- Description: This treatise discuses, the effectiveness of the Prevention of Organised Crime Act (POCA), specifically, Chapter Four of the Act. POCA was enacted for the purposes of tackling, inter alia, the threat posed by money laundering, racketeering and criminal gang activities. Moreover, POCA was enacted to supplement the common law, specifically the doctrines of common purpose, conspiracy, public violence as well as incitement. In this respect, the legislative framework in line with POCA- aimed at addressing money laundering and racketeering have contributed significantly in addressing such crimes. However, the same cannot be said about its effect on dealing with criminal gang activities. The criticisms which have been raised for the increase of criminal gang activities are that the sentences provided for in Chapter Four of POCA are viewed as inadequate in terms of deterrence because they are too lenient. The sentences do not hold gang leaders accountable but rather focus on foot soldiers. Likewise, POCA is similar to and does not expand the common law. This treatise aims to demystify the issues relating to criminal gang activities in South Africa. It investigates the extent to which Chapter Four of POCA adds significant value to the common law in respect of criminalising criminal gang related activities. It concludes and make recommendations on how criminal gang activities can be tackled while upholding South Africa’s constitutional values.bstract text. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Criminal and Procedural Law, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The concurrent jurisdiction of the high court and labour court
- Authors: Beyleveld, Dominique
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Labor laws and legislation--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51191 , vital:43218
- Description: The words “concurrent jurisdiction” essentially means that there is more than one court which has the power to hear a matter and therefore, a party may choose which forum to approach.1 The High Court (hereinafter referred to as “HC”) may exercise jurisdiction, together with the Labour Court (hereinafter referred to as “LC”), in enforcing purely contractual and other common law claims as well as for breach of fundamental rights to which the Labour Relations Act (LRA)2 (or other labour statutes) do not give effect to.3 However, this is not without limitations. The HC and the LC have concurrent jurisdiction over claims relating to the lawfulness of dismissal or other conduct by the parties, whereas all claims based on fairness falls within the exclusive jurisdiction of the LC.4 The practical implication of the approach taken by the Constitutional Court (hereinafter referred to as “CC”)5 is that jurisdiction may, to a certain extent,6 be based on the pleadings, and a litigant may in fact have simultaneous claims arising from the same circumstances.7 However, where the basis of the action and the relief sought is clearly identifiable as being part of the machinery of the Labour Relations Act (hereinafter referred to as the “LRA”) or other labour legislation, then the HC will not have jurisdiction and it is up to the LC to remedy the wrong and give effect to the primary objects of the LRA , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Mercantile Law, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Beyleveld, Dominique
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Labor laws and legislation--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51191 , vital:43218
- Description: The words “concurrent jurisdiction” essentially means that there is more than one court which has the power to hear a matter and therefore, a party may choose which forum to approach.1 The High Court (hereinafter referred to as “HC”) may exercise jurisdiction, together with the Labour Court (hereinafter referred to as “LC”), in enforcing purely contractual and other common law claims as well as for breach of fundamental rights to which the Labour Relations Act (LRA)2 (or other labour statutes) do not give effect to.3 However, this is not without limitations. The HC and the LC have concurrent jurisdiction over claims relating to the lawfulness of dismissal or other conduct by the parties, whereas all claims based on fairness falls within the exclusive jurisdiction of the LC.4 The practical implication of the approach taken by the Constitutional Court (hereinafter referred to as “CC”)5 is that jurisdiction may, to a certain extent,6 be based on the pleadings, and a litigant may in fact have simultaneous claims arising from the same circumstances.7 However, where the basis of the action and the relief sought is clearly identifiable as being part of the machinery of the Labour Relations Act (hereinafter referred to as the “LRA”) or other labour legislation, then the HC will not have jurisdiction and it is up to the LC to remedy the wrong and give effect to the primary objects of the LRA , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Mercantile Law, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The contribution of export support programmes for small and medium enterprises in the agro-processing sector in the Eastern Cape
- Authors: Fihlani, Asisipho
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Small business -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Economic development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Entrepreneurship -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51400 , vital:43271
- Description: Globally, government export support programmes have been created to assist SMEs with exports. In South Africa, there has been an introduction of government export support programme. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the contribution of the Export Marketing and Investment Assistance (EMIA) for SMEs in the agro-processing sector in the Eastern Cape, with specific focus on East London and Port Elizabeth. A qualitative methodology meant to acquire in-depth knowledge was employed in the study. A case study was developed, in which EMIA’s contribution to SMEs’ export was the case in study. A group of seventeen participants, which included government officials and SMEs were interviewed and thematic analysis was used to evaluate the contribution of EMIA to agro-processing SME exports. The study found that EMIA was useful towards SME exports but lacked on addressing key barriers to exports faced by SMEs. The study recommends that government should place more emphasis on linking SMEs with proper contacts of buyers in international markets and that SMEs should be incentivised for costs relating to logistics for initial export orders. , Thesis (MPhil) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Development Finance, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Fihlani, Asisipho
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Small business -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Economic development -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Entrepreneurship -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51400 , vital:43271
- Description: Globally, government export support programmes have been created to assist SMEs with exports. In South Africa, there has been an introduction of government export support programme. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the contribution of the Export Marketing and Investment Assistance (EMIA) for SMEs in the agro-processing sector in the Eastern Cape, with specific focus on East London and Port Elizabeth. A qualitative methodology meant to acquire in-depth knowledge was employed in the study. A case study was developed, in which EMIA’s contribution to SMEs’ export was the case in study. A group of seventeen participants, which included government officials and SMEs were interviewed and thematic analysis was used to evaluate the contribution of EMIA to agro-processing SME exports. The study found that EMIA was useful towards SME exports but lacked on addressing key barriers to exports faced by SMEs. The study recommends that government should place more emphasis on linking SMEs with proper contacts of buyers in international markets and that SMEs should be incentivised for costs relating to logistics for initial export orders. , Thesis (MPhil) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Development Finance, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The correlation between Instagram usage and relationship satisfaction amongst University students
- Authors: Widan, Rio Justine
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Online social networks
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52385 , vital:43621
- Description: At the turn of the twenty-first century, advancements in technology evolved at an exponential rate. This surge was mirrored by the rise in popularity and uptake of social networking sites (SNSs), and more recently, by Instagram, especially among emerging adults. SNSs have become an indispensable part of our daily lives and are influencing the ways individuals communicate, and develop and maintain romantic relationships. The Couple and Family Technology (CFT) Framework describes how the ecological elements of technology influence the structures and processes of romantic relationships, and is the lens through which this study was interpreted. The aim of this study was to determine if there was a relationship between Instagram use behaviours and relationship satisfaction amongst university students. This study employed a quantitative research approach and utilised a correlational research design. Participants included a sample of Nelson Mandela University students (N = 231) who were recruited through the nonprobability sampling methods of convenience and purposive sampling. Data were captured online through two measures. The biographical and Instagram use survey measured three variables, namely, frequency of Instagram usage, frequency of monitoring one’s partner’s Instagram activity, and frequency of posting behaviour. The Relationship Assessment Scale measured relationship satisfaction. Significant negative relationships were found between relationship satisfaction and frequency of Instagram usage and frequency of monitoring one’s partner’s Instagram activity. This research study contributed towards the existing body of knowledge, theoretical model, as well as insights for future lines of study within the realm of cyberpsychology. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Widan, Rio Justine
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Online social networks
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52385 , vital:43621
- Description: At the turn of the twenty-first century, advancements in technology evolved at an exponential rate. This surge was mirrored by the rise in popularity and uptake of social networking sites (SNSs), and more recently, by Instagram, especially among emerging adults. SNSs have become an indispensable part of our daily lives and are influencing the ways individuals communicate, and develop and maintain romantic relationships. The Couple and Family Technology (CFT) Framework describes how the ecological elements of technology influence the structures and processes of romantic relationships, and is the lens through which this study was interpreted. The aim of this study was to determine if there was a relationship between Instagram use behaviours and relationship satisfaction amongst university students. This study employed a quantitative research approach and utilised a correlational research design. Participants included a sample of Nelson Mandela University students (N = 231) who were recruited through the nonprobability sampling methods of convenience and purposive sampling. Data were captured online through two measures. The biographical and Instagram use survey measured three variables, namely, frequency of Instagram usage, frequency of monitoring one’s partner’s Instagram activity, and frequency of posting behaviour. The Relationship Assessment Scale measured relationship satisfaction. Significant negative relationships were found between relationship satisfaction and frequency of Instagram usage and frequency of monitoring one’s partner’s Instagram activity. This research study contributed towards the existing body of knowledge, theoretical model, as well as insights for future lines of study within the realm of cyberpsychology. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The decision to stay or go: study of generation y chartered accountants in South Africa
- Authors: Hluyo, Fungai
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/53031 , vital:44878
- Description: Having deduced from literature that millennials have a very high employee turnover, the purpose of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of what factors would make millennial Chartered Accountants in South Africa, or (CA)s, stay with or leave organisations. This is a case study within a qualitative research paradigm and followed an interpretivistic approach. A purposeful sampling technique was used in selecting a sample of seven millennial CAs for data collection. The sample constituted millennials who had changed jobs at least once in the past five years as these fell within the scope of this study. Semistructured interviews were conducted virtually using an interview guide as a data collecting instrument. Data saturation was reached after the interview of the sixth participant. The interview process provided a good blance of subjective views, opinions, emotions, and values of all participants. Having transcribed the interview transcripts, a manually detailed coding process was completed. Eight main emerging themes were identified which ultimately provided responses to the research questions. The data analysis revealed that millennial CA(SA)s prioritise, and in fact, demand flexibility coupled with a work-life balance. They expect their employers to understand and be supportive of these expectations. Other important retaining factors for this cohort of employees include, amongst others; training and development opportunities, growth, diversity, obtaining performance feedback, and coaching. An important issue that participants highlighted is the importance of ethics at work and or ethical leadership. The researcher could not probe more into this due to time constraints. This is recommended for further research. Having interviewed only six participants, this relatively small number poses a limitation to this study as these findings cannot be generalised to apply to all millennial CAs in South Africa. The data collected however, provided useful recommendations to employers looking for ways to retain millennial Chartered Accountants. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, NMU Business School, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Hluyo, Fungai
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/53031 , vital:44878
- Description: Having deduced from literature that millennials have a very high employee turnover, the purpose of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of what factors would make millennial Chartered Accountants in South Africa, or (CA)s, stay with or leave organisations. This is a case study within a qualitative research paradigm and followed an interpretivistic approach. A purposeful sampling technique was used in selecting a sample of seven millennial CAs for data collection. The sample constituted millennials who had changed jobs at least once in the past five years as these fell within the scope of this study. Semistructured interviews were conducted virtually using an interview guide as a data collecting instrument. Data saturation was reached after the interview of the sixth participant. The interview process provided a good blance of subjective views, opinions, emotions, and values of all participants. Having transcribed the interview transcripts, a manually detailed coding process was completed. Eight main emerging themes were identified which ultimately provided responses to the research questions. The data analysis revealed that millennial CA(SA)s prioritise, and in fact, demand flexibility coupled with a work-life balance. They expect their employers to understand and be supportive of these expectations. Other important retaining factors for this cohort of employees include, amongst others; training and development opportunities, growth, diversity, obtaining performance feedback, and coaching. An important issue that participants highlighted is the importance of ethics at work and or ethical leadership. The researcher could not probe more into this due to time constraints. This is recommended for further research. Having interviewed only six participants, this relatively small number poses a limitation to this study as these findings cannot be generalised to apply to all millennial CAs in South Africa. The data collected however, provided useful recommendations to employers looking for ways to retain millennial Chartered Accountants. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, NMU Business School, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The design of a resource centre for Pellsrus, Jeffreys Bay
- Authors: Bosch, Rickus
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Community centers --South Africa --Jeffrey's Bay -- Designs and plans , Jeffrey's Bay (South Africa) --History
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57454 , vital:57872
- Description: The South African city faces an ongoing struggle with adequate social and spatial justice. Citizens have become separated and cultures have been divided owing to the historical formation of the city and the post legislative laws. Because of the growth of cities, certain resources are difficult to access and people need to trav el vast distances and cross dangerous barriers in order to access these resources. This thesis involves the research of social and spatial justice within the South Afri can city, which has resulted in a poor quality of life and a lack of resources. More specifically this thesis aimed at creating an environment that will aid in a better quality of life through spatial and social equity by creating an active and positive space to access certain resources. The particular focus area is the rural community of Pellsrus in Jeffreys Bay. The context has been analysed to enable a sound understanding of the formation of the town, the behaviour of the town and its people, the urban conditions and the spatial structures. Research lead to a site being selected that would form an transition space connecting separated communities and resources. The design is aimed at creating a space for people to gather, gain access to the needed resourc es and act as a linkage or transition zone between certain areas of the town. The objective was to enrich the current movement systems and enhance the existing resources, ultimately resulting in the design of a trade-resource centre in Pellsrus. The architectural design is formulated as a mean of locality and community. A qualitative methodology has been implemented which incorporates various research methods such as surveys, literature reviews, primary and secondary data collection, site sketches, topographic mapping and drone footage. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment and Technology, School of Architecture, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Bosch, Rickus
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Community centers --South Africa --Jeffrey's Bay -- Designs and plans , Jeffrey's Bay (South Africa) --History
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57454 , vital:57872
- Description: The South African city faces an ongoing struggle with adequate social and spatial justice. Citizens have become separated and cultures have been divided owing to the historical formation of the city and the post legislative laws. Because of the growth of cities, certain resources are difficult to access and people need to trav el vast distances and cross dangerous barriers in order to access these resources. This thesis involves the research of social and spatial justice within the South Afri can city, which has resulted in a poor quality of life and a lack of resources. More specifically this thesis aimed at creating an environment that will aid in a better quality of life through spatial and social equity by creating an active and positive space to access certain resources. The particular focus area is the rural community of Pellsrus in Jeffreys Bay. The context has been analysed to enable a sound understanding of the formation of the town, the behaviour of the town and its people, the urban conditions and the spatial structures. Research lead to a site being selected that would form an transition space connecting separated communities and resources. The design is aimed at creating a space for people to gather, gain access to the needed resourc es and act as a linkage or transition zone between certain areas of the town. The objective was to enrich the current movement systems and enhance the existing resources, ultimately resulting in the design of a trade-resource centre in Pellsrus. The architectural design is formulated as a mean of locality and community. A qualitative methodology has been implemented which incorporates various research methods such as surveys, literature reviews, primary and secondary data collection, site sketches, topographic mapping and drone footage. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment and Technology, School of Architecture, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The design of a youth activity Centre for Parkside, East London
- Authors: De Lange, Natasha
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Youth centers -- South Africa -- East London -- Designs and plans , Community centers -- South Africa -- East London
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57479 , vital:57880
- Description: The identity of youth is an important developmental pro - cess in young people’s lives. Youth Centres in South Africa mainly focus on reproductive health services and as a result thereof, are experiencing low visitor num - bers and failing to captivate the youth whom they aim to serve. The very nature in which this takes place today, opens the door for an architectural intervention that has the potential to facilitate and improve this process. This thesis aims to address the issues that today’s youth faces by looking at the metaphorical representa - tion of the ‘street’ as the current place where the youth of today spend their time testing and developing their identity. It aims to rethink the youth centre as a place that combines youth culture and architecture to create a space which provides adequate recreational opportu - nities, and through which youths can reconnect to their surroundings - giving them a much-needed sense of place and identity within the ever-changing city. The idea is ultimately to design a Youth Activity Centre for the Parkside neighbourhood in East London - a de - sign which can express how youth identity can impact architecture in a way that can benefit the development of youth’s identity, and which can re-animate the nature of the ‘street’ through architecture. , Thesis (MArch) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment and Information Technology, School of Architecture, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: De Lange, Natasha
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Youth centers -- South Africa -- East London -- Designs and plans , Community centers -- South Africa -- East London
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57479 , vital:57880
- Description: The identity of youth is an important developmental pro - cess in young people’s lives. Youth Centres in South Africa mainly focus on reproductive health services and as a result thereof, are experiencing low visitor num - bers and failing to captivate the youth whom they aim to serve. The very nature in which this takes place today, opens the door for an architectural intervention that has the potential to facilitate and improve this process. This thesis aims to address the issues that today’s youth faces by looking at the metaphorical representa - tion of the ‘street’ as the current place where the youth of today spend their time testing and developing their identity. It aims to rethink the youth centre as a place that combines youth culture and architecture to create a space which provides adequate recreational opportu - nities, and through which youths can reconnect to their surroundings - giving them a much-needed sense of place and identity within the ever-changing city. The idea is ultimately to design a Youth Activity Centre for the Parkside neighbourhood in East London - a de - sign which can express how youth identity can impact architecture in a way that can benefit the development of youth’s identity, and which can re-animate the nature of the ‘street’ through architecture. , Thesis (MArch) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment and Information Technology, School of Architecture, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The development of a framework to assess the effectiveness of the existing viability based lending format of development funding institutions to facilitate increased financial inclusion; recent evidence from the SME sector in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa
- Authors: Mkhize, Bukhosi Walter
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52999 , vital:44867
- Description: Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) internationally have a significant involvement in global economies, as they often are key drivers of economic growth through job creation, increasing production volumes, increased exports and imports. SMEs’ access to development finance and other financing products in the market remains one of the most significant constraints to the establishment, survival, growth, and productivity of SMEs. The South African Government has enacted policies to support SME development and enhance financial inclusion; however, the financing gap has proven to be persistent. Most SMEs cannot access various development and commercial credit funding due to a number of reasons, such as: the detailed complex financial documentation, own contribution and collateral required by finance institutions to grant loan finance; high cost involved in raising loan funding and high punitive interest rates due to the perceived high risk nature of the SMEs; and long time frames for the economic viability and business sustainability assessment processes for credit approval. In this study, a broad analysis of a viability based lending format of a development funding institution was conducted with the intention to develop a framework to assess its effectiveness to facilitate increased financial inclusion in the SMEs sector in KwaZulu-Natal. The study used the literature review to identify key factors that have an impact on economic viability and business sustainability/feasibility in terms of how these factors influence perceived financial inclusion of SMEs. The empirical section of the study tested SMEs’ perceptions and understanding of the concepts that influence the economic viability and business sustainability/feasibility of the SME sector. Strong evidence emerged from the empirical study that SMEs lack crucial resources such as own contribution to achieve an optimal equity structure in the business, lack of grant funding information available to support SMEs, lack of collateral required for funding security, lack of business support available to SMEs to compile comprehensive business plans and lack of own resources to manage various aspects of the business. Without appropriate coordination of the SMEs’ ecosystem, financial inclusion for SMEs will remain a challenge. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, NMU Business School, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Mkhize, Bukhosi Walter
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52999 , vital:44867
- Description: Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) internationally have a significant involvement in global economies, as they often are key drivers of economic growth through job creation, increasing production volumes, increased exports and imports. SMEs’ access to development finance and other financing products in the market remains one of the most significant constraints to the establishment, survival, growth, and productivity of SMEs. The South African Government has enacted policies to support SME development and enhance financial inclusion; however, the financing gap has proven to be persistent. Most SMEs cannot access various development and commercial credit funding due to a number of reasons, such as: the detailed complex financial documentation, own contribution and collateral required by finance institutions to grant loan finance; high cost involved in raising loan funding and high punitive interest rates due to the perceived high risk nature of the SMEs; and long time frames for the economic viability and business sustainability assessment processes for credit approval. In this study, a broad analysis of a viability based lending format of a development funding institution was conducted with the intention to develop a framework to assess its effectiveness to facilitate increased financial inclusion in the SMEs sector in KwaZulu-Natal. The study used the literature review to identify key factors that have an impact on economic viability and business sustainability/feasibility in terms of how these factors influence perceived financial inclusion of SMEs. The empirical section of the study tested SMEs’ perceptions and understanding of the concepts that influence the economic viability and business sustainability/feasibility of the SME sector. Strong evidence emerged from the empirical study that SMEs lack crucial resources such as own contribution to achieve an optimal equity structure in the business, lack of grant funding information available to support SMEs, lack of collateral required for funding security, lack of business support available to SMEs to compile comprehensive business plans and lack of own resources to manage various aspects of the business. Without appropriate coordination of the SMEs’ ecosystem, financial inclusion for SMEs will remain a challenge. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, NMU Business School, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The development of a guiding framework to maximise the potential benefits of stokvels: Recent evidence from South Africa
- Authors: Dikwayo, Mziwamadoda
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Rotating credit associations -- South Africa , Savings and loan associations -- South Africa , Africans -- Economic conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51131 , vital:43211
- Description: The financial exclusion of the poor from the formal financial sector has contributed to the never ending cycle of inequality and poverty in South Africa. It is however evident from the R50 billion (Nasasa, 2020) generated each year in the stokvel market, that those previously excluded have been able to create their own informal market with immense potential. The full potential of the stokvel market has however not been adequately explored which has resulted in members not fully utilising this informal sector to improve their standards of living and the formal sector not providing adequate product solutions to benefit members. Majority of stokvels are still focused on traditional rotationally disbursement mechanisms designed for short-term goals (Zondi, 2016) and regardless of the market that has growth to be worth R50 billion, members are yet utilise funds accumulated on instruments and mechanisms to improve standards of livings for themselves, families and general communities. The formal sector provides stokvel savings products that offer stokvels with simple savings mechanism often generating little interests which may not necessarily provide the full potential benefit to the members. This was also shown in a study by African Response (2019) indicating that 40% of stokvels had their money invested in low to no interest accounts. Stokvels have also evolved and are now used for far more than just a simple savings mechanism, with some stokvels focusing on continuous rotationally mechanisms, while others focus on fixed periods. Stokvels can exist for different reasons including for groceries, burial, school fees and longer term purposes such as building houses or buying cars or a combination of these. Solutions available ought to therefore take into consideration the key needs of stokvels while considering short term and medium to long term solutions which current simple savings solutions offered by the formal sector may not completely offer. In keeping up with the market, banks may try to enhance their products but Moliea (2017) concluded that banks were being flexible on things that members did not require. Against the stated research problem, the primary objective of this research is to investigate how the traditional mechanisms of stokvels can be amended and improved to ensure maximum benefits/returns for its members; which benefits are not only long-term in nature, but also taking account of the short-term needs and realities of poor communities within the context of the South African economy. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business Administration, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Dikwayo, Mziwamadoda
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Rotating credit associations -- South Africa , Savings and loan associations -- South Africa , Africans -- Economic conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51131 , vital:43211
- Description: The financial exclusion of the poor from the formal financial sector has contributed to the never ending cycle of inequality and poverty in South Africa. It is however evident from the R50 billion (Nasasa, 2020) generated each year in the stokvel market, that those previously excluded have been able to create their own informal market with immense potential. The full potential of the stokvel market has however not been adequately explored which has resulted in members not fully utilising this informal sector to improve their standards of living and the formal sector not providing adequate product solutions to benefit members. Majority of stokvels are still focused on traditional rotationally disbursement mechanisms designed for short-term goals (Zondi, 2016) and regardless of the market that has growth to be worth R50 billion, members are yet utilise funds accumulated on instruments and mechanisms to improve standards of livings for themselves, families and general communities. The formal sector provides stokvel savings products that offer stokvels with simple savings mechanism often generating little interests which may not necessarily provide the full potential benefit to the members. This was also shown in a study by African Response (2019) indicating that 40% of stokvels had their money invested in low to no interest accounts. Stokvels have also evolved and are now used for far more than just a simple savings mechanism, with some stokvels focusing on continuous rotationally mechanisms, while others focus on fixed periods. Stokvels can exist for different reasons including for groceries, burial, school fees and longer term purposes such as building houses or buying cars or a combination of these. Solutions available ought to therefore take into consideration the key needs of stokvels while considering short term and medium to long term solutions which current simple savings solutions offered by the formal sector may not completely offer. In keeping up with the market, banks may try to enhance their products but Moliea (2017) concluded that banks were being flexible on things that members did not require. Against the stated research problem, the primary objective of this research is to investigate how the traditional mechanisms of stokvels can be amended and improved to ensure maximum benefits/returns for its members; which benefits are not only long-term in nature, but also taking account of the short-term needs and realities of poor communities within the context of the South African economy. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business Administration, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The dismissal of employees for a group or team misconduct
- Authors: Mnisi, Daphney Sibongile
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Unfair labor practices
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51184 , vital:43226
- Description: South African labour law is founded on the fundamental constitutional right of fair “labour practices”. This fundamental right is afforded to both the employer and workers. This means that in the employment relationship, there are two competing rights involved which necessitate the need to strike a balance when each party’s rights are exercised. Therefore, this right is not absolute, and it is subject to limitations as per the provisions of section 36 of the Constitution. The Labour Relations Act, amongst other labour law resources considered in this research, give effect to those competing rights and seek to strike the necessary balance by establishing guidelines to protect the individual employee against unfair dismissals, amongst other things. It requires that the dismissal of an employee be fair. This requirement is met where two elements are fulfilled: (1) substantive fairness and (2) procedural fairness. The purpose of this study is to focus on “misconduct” as a valid reason for dismissal, as well as “group or team misconduct” which is included in the notion and ambit of “misconduct”. This type of misconduct involves a group or team who the employer has identified as having committed a misconduct, but the employer, due to different reasons explored in this research, is unable to identify the specific individual employees directly involved in the primary misconduct it wishes to prosecute. Therefore, the employer formulates a disciplinary charge of “group or team misconduct” to discipline the entire group or team. This group or team may form part of the entire workforce or a team within a department of the employer’s business. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Mercantile Law, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Mnisi, Daphney Sibongile
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Unfair labor practices
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51184 , vital:43226
- Description: South African labour law is founded on the fundamental constitutional right of fair “labour practices”. This fundamental right is afforded to both the employer and workers. This means that in the employment relationship, there are two competing rights involved which necessitate the need to strike a balance when each party’s rights are exercised. Therefore, this right is not absolute, and it is subject to limitations as per the provisions of section 36 of the Constitution. The Labour Relations Act, amongst other labour law resources considered in this research, give effect to those competing rights and seek to strike the necessary balance by establishing guidelines to protect the individual employee against unfair dismissals, amongst other things. It requires that the dismissal of an employee be fair. This requirement is met where two elements are fulfilled: (1) substantive fairness and (2) procedural fairness. The purpose of this study is to focus on “misconduct” as a valid reason for dismissal, as well as “group or team misconduct” which is included in the notion and ambit of “misconduct”. This type of misconduct involves a group or team who the employer has identified as having committed a misconduct, but the employer, due to different reasons explored in this research, is unable to identify the specific individual employees directly involved in the primary misconduct it wishes to prosecute. Therefore, the employer formulates a disciplinary charge of “group or team misconduct” to discipline the entire group or team. This group or team may form part of the entire workforce or a team within a department of the employer’s business. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Mercantile Law, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The effect of electronic human resources management on employee engagement levels across generational cohorts
- Grobbelaar, Angelique Louise
- Authors: Grobbelaar, Angelique Louise
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Personnel management , Information technology -- Management , Employee motivation
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51450 , vital:43278
- Description: The infrastructure and use of the Internet have developed rapidly in recent years, which propelled traditional human resources systems into a new electronic human resources (E-HRM) approach. This cannot, however, be regarded as a one-size-fits-all solution as employees across different generational cohorts are not all at the same comfort level with regard to operating such web-based applications. It is the researcher’s opinion that the latter may affect employee engagement as this appears to be the case within the researcher’s own organisation. Employee engagement is important in providing organisations with the competitive advantage required to operate in a highly competitive market. Employee engagement levels are far from ideal across many organisations, which require these organisations to identify solutions to raise overall engagement levels. With age rapidly becoming a more important diversity factor, it is imperative for managers to understand the effect of E-HRM on employee engagement across the generational cohorts to design the most beneficial HRM strategy for their organisation. The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding on how generational cohorts are affected by the application of E-HRM programmes and to identify whether there are substantial variances between the engagement levels of the different generational cohorts in this context. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business Administration, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Grobbelaar, Angelique Louise
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Personnel management , Information technology -- Management , Employee motivation
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51450 , vital:43278
- Description: The infrastructure and use of the Internet have developed rapidly in recent years, which propelled traditional human resources systems into a new electronic human resources (E-HRM) approach. This cannot, however, be regarded as a one-size-fits-all solution as employees across different generational cohorts are not all at the same comfort level with regard to operating such web-based applications. It is the researcher’s opinion that the latter may affect employee engagement as this appears to be the case within the researcher’s own organisation. Employee engagement is important in providing organisations with the competitive advantage required to operate in a highly competitive market. Employee engagement levels are far from ideal across many organisations, which require these organisations to identify solutions to raise overall engagement levels. With age rapidly becoming a more important diversity factor, it is imperative for managers to understand the effect of E-HRM on employee engagement across the generational cohorts to design the most beneficial HRM strategy for their organisation. The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding on how generational cohorts are affected by the application of E-HRM programmes and to identify whether there are substantial variances between the engagement levels of the different generational cohorts in this context. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business Administration, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The effect of laundering on the physical and thermal properties of phase change textile materials
- Authors: Scheepers, Ricardo
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Textile chemistry
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52038 , vital:43443
- Description: Phase change materials (PCMs) have been incorporated into clothing and textiles to provide added value in terms of thermoregulation and thus added comfort to the wearer in extreme weather conditions and sporting activities. Since clothing is laundered many times during the service life of the textile, the effects of simulated domestic laundering on the physical and thermal properties of a non-woven textile which contains PCMs were investigated. The thermal properties, such as the thermal degradation, melting, evaporation and crystallisation were measured by the TGA and DSC analytical techniques. The physical properties, such as the microcapsule size distribution, and the microcapsule morphologies of the PCM microcapsules, were measured by the SEM and Raman analytical techniques. The main objectives of this study were to determine the effect of repeated laundering at different wash temperatures on the mass loss, enthalpy, and physical changes in PCM. Thermal degradation as determined by TGA thermograms was found to be higher at a wash temperature of 60°C relative to that of a wash temperature at 30°C, the mass loss being 4.6% more at 60°C than at 30°C. This was asserted to physical changes such as size and shape of the PCM microcapsules as evident in SEM images. The SEM images showed broken and collapsed PCM microcapsules in the web and around the fibre, indicating evaporation of the thermoregulating content of the PCM. It was found that the heat capacity of the sample washed at 60°C was much lower than that of the unwashed sample, the difference being approximately 50% in terms of the latent heat capacity as determined by DSC thermograms. This implies that the latent heat effectiveness of the PCM has decreased significantly. The physical properties of the PCM such as the intermolecular interaction, the intensity and width of peaks, polarisation, degree of crystallinity and the orientation changed as illustrated in the Raman analysis. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Scheepers, Ricardo
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Textile chemistry
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52038 , vital:43443
- Description: Phase change materials (PCMs) have been incorporated into clothing and textiles to provide added value in terms of thermoregulation and thus added comfort to the wearer in extreme weather conditions and sporting activities. Since clothing is laundered many times during the service life of the textile, the effects of simulated domestic laundering on the physical and thermal properties of a non-woven textile which contains PCMs were investigated. The thermal properties, such as the thermal degradation, melting, evaporation and crystallisation were measured by the TGA and DSC analytical techniques. The physical properties, such as the microcapsule size distribution, and the microcapsule morphologies of the PCM microcapsules, were measured by the SEM and Raman analytical techniques. The main objectives of this study were to determine the effect of repeated laundering at different wash temperatures on the mass loss, enthalpy, and physical changes in PCM. Thermal degradation as determined by TGA thermograms was found to be higher at a wash temperature of 60°C relative to that of a wash temperature at 30°C, the mass loss being 4.6% more at 60°C than at 30°C. This was asserted to physical changes such as size and shape of the PCM microcapsules as evident in SEM images. The SEM images showed broken and collapsed PCM microcapsules in the web and around the fibre, indicating evaporation of the thermoregulating content of the PCM. It was found that the heat capacity of the sample washed at 60°C was much lower than that of the unwashed sample, the difference being approximately 50% in terms of the latent heat capacity as determined by DSC thermograms. This implies that the latent heat effectiveness of the PCM has decreased significantly. The physical properties of the PCM such as the intermolecular interaction, the intensity and width of peaks, polarisation, degree of crystallinity and the orientation changed as illustrated in the Raman analysis. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The effect of transport infrastructure investment on economic growth in South Africa
- Authors: Matsolo, Khanya
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Transportation -- South Africa , Infrastructure (Economics) -- South Africa , Economic development -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51699 , vital:43364
- Description: The objective of the study was to examine the effect of transport infrastructure investment on economic growth of South Africa. The time series data that covered the period from 2001-2019 using converted quarterly data was used. The study applied autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) to analyse the relationship between transport infrastructure investment and economic growth in South Africa. The empirical results shows that there is positive relationship between these two variables both in the short run and long run. Thus, it is recommended that policy makers should develop strategies that are aligned with effective and efficient transport infrastructure investment to enhance economic growth in South Africa. , Thesis (MPhil) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Development Finance, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Matsolo, Khanya
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Transportation -- South Africa , Infrastructure (Economics) -- South Africa , Economic development -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51699 , vital:43364
- Description: The objective of the study was to examine the effect of transport infrastructure investment on economic growth of South Africa. The time series data that covered the period from 2001-2019 using converted quarterly data was used. The study applied autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) to analyse the relationship between transport infrastructure investment and economic growth in South Africa. The empirical results shows that there is positive relationship between these two variables both in the short run and long run. Thus, it is recommended that policy makers should develop strategies that are aligned with effective and efficient transport infrastructure investment to enhance economic growth in South Africa. , Thesis (MPhil) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Development Finance, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04