Time-resolved luminescence: progress in development of theory and analytical methods
- Authors: Chithambo, Makaiko L
- Date: 2019
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/105403 , vital:32509 , https://doi.org/10.1142/9781786345790_0007
- Description: Time-resolved optical stimulation is an important method for measurement of optically stimulated luminescence. The aim of time-resolved optical stimulation is to separate the stimulation and emission of luminescence in time. The luminescence is stimulated from a sample using a short light pulse of constant intensity. The ensuing luminescence can be monitored either during stimulation in the presence of scattered stimulating light, or after the light-pulse. The time-resolved luminescence spectrum produced in this way can be resolved into components, each with a distinct lifetime. The lifetimes are linked to physical processes of luminescence. Time-resolved optical stimulation has thus been used to study dynamics of luminescence in various materials, particularly ones of interest in dosimetry such as quartz, feldspar, α-Al2O3:C and BeO. This chapter will review the theory of time-resolved luminescence, look at the instrumentation involved and discuss advances in analytical methods of time-resolved luminescence spectra.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2019
Ageing, wellbeing and development: Brazil and South Africa
- Authors: Barrientos, Armando , Moller, Valerie , Saboia, Joao , Lloyd-Sherlock, Peter , Mase, Julia
- Date: 2018
- Language: English
- Type: book chapter , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/61690 , vital:28049 , https://books.google.co.za/books?id=0tFMDwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2018
Education and the common good
- Authors: Lotz-Sisitka, Heila
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/126060 , vital:35846 , ISBN 9783319513225 , https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-51322-5_5?utm_source=twitter&utm_medium=social&utm_content=ads&utm_campaign=SRHS_2_VB_Edu-Series-FTA-Nine#citeas , https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51322-5_5
- Description: The chapter responds to a recent invitation by the UNESCO to respond to the contents of their book on the purpose of education, entitled Rethinking Education: Towards a Global Common Good? I explore the concept of the common good (as it relates to concepts of commons and commoning activity) and what it might mean to engage with commoning as an educational activity, if the commons, as argued by Amin and Howell, is to be “released” from historical descriptions of commons and commoning activity, to embrace a futures orientation. Drawing on critical realism and decolonization theory, as well as experience of working with expansive social learning, I propose that an educational theory grounded in a concept of emergence is needed in such a context.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2017
New Beginnings in an Ancient Region: well-being in Sub-Saharan Africa
- Authors: Moller, Valerie , Roberts, Benjamin J
- Date: 2017
- Language: English
- Type: book chapter , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/61701 , vital:28050 , https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-39101-4_7
- Description: In this chapter, we trace the well-being of people living in the sub-Saharan region of Africa over time, focusing on what are universally considered to be main ingredients of the good life in modern times: health, education, and the income and resources needed to meet basic needs and to prosper. The people of sub-Saharan Africa do not have a common identity, but we have isolated some of the experiences and commonalities that bind the people of the region. The glory of earlier civilizations and of traditional religious beliefs and rituals that cemented the social order and the disruption of African society by foreign incursions during the period of discovery and the Atlantic slave trade and colonialism all had their impact on the African imagination. Well-being in Africa south of the Sahara suffered when people living in Africa were oppressed and exploited between the fifteenth and early twentieth centuries. The winds of change in the 1960s brought freedom and a new sense of dignity. Since independence, there are signs of improvements in key domains of life, but the modern states of sub-Saharan Africa are still addressing the many political and development challenges they face. Optimism and resilience are characteristic of the people living south of the Sahara who have faith that their dreams of a better life will come true.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2017
Administrative penalties
- Authors: Arendse, Jacqueline A , Clegg, David , Williams, Robert C
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/131225 , vital:36539 , https://store.lexisnexis.co.za/products/silke-on-tax-administration-skuZASKUPG1440
- Description: Provisions dealing with the levying of interest and penalties are contained in the Tax Administration Act and specific provisions also exist in the various tax Acts. Most of the specific penalty provisions in the various tax Acts have been replaced by the general provisions contained in the Tax Administration Act.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2016
Advance rulings
- Authors: Arendse, Jacqueline A , Clegg, David , Williams, Robert C
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/131195 , vital:36535 , https://store.lexisnexis.co.za/products/silke-on-tax-administration-skuZASKUPG1440
- Description: Chapter 7 of the Tax Administration Act, namely ss 75–90, deals with the formal system and process of the advance tax ruling system. It therefore follows that SARS may now issue advance rulings in respect of all tax types and tax Acts administered by the Commissioner. Procedures and guidelines, in the form of ‘binding general rulings’, for implementation and operation of the ‘advance ruling’ system may be issued by the Commissioner to give effect to the advance tax ruling system.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2016
Audit, investigation, search, seizure and access to information
- Authors: Arendse, Jacqueline A , Clegg, David , Williams, Robert C
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/131245 , vital:36541 , https://store.lexisnexis.co.za/products/silke-on-tax-administration-skuZASKUPG1440
- Description: Chapter 5 of the Tax Administration Act, which supplements the various fiscal statutes, empowers SARS to call for information on taxpayers, conduct audits, investigations and in certain instances to search premises and seize goods and records. For this purpose, taxpayers are required to keep proper books and records (see § 8.2 and § 4). The purpose of a tax audit is to verify the accuracy and timing of an assessment, but more specifically to ensure accuracy and full disclosure in terms of the law. In the event that an audit reveals non-compliance, criminal and/or civil charges may be initiated by SARS (see § 8.5).
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2016
Die Universiteit van die Werkersklas 1960-2010: die klem op studente
- Authors: Thomas, Cornelius
- Date: 2016
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: book chapter , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/59778 , vital:27648 , http://naledi.online/product/ons-kom-van-ver/
- Description: Die Universiteit van die Werkersklas 1960-2010: die klem op studente
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2016
Dispute resolution
- Authors: Arendse, Jacqueline A , Clegg, David , Williams, Robert C
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/131084 , vital:36522 , https://store.lexisnexis.co.za/products/silke-on-tax-administration-skuZASKUPG1440
- Description: Chapter 9 of the Tax Administration Act 2011, deals with the objection and appeals processes of the tax Acts administered by SARS in terms of s 4 of the SARS Act, 1997. A taxpayer who is aggrieved by an assessment or a decision in which he has an interest, has the right to object against the assessment or decision.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2016
Hoofletter K Kleurling - 'n besonderse Suid-Afrikaanse
- Authors: Thomas, Cornelius
- Date: 2016
- Language: Afrikaans
- Type: book chapter , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/59771 , vital:27647 , http://naledi.online/product/ons-kom-van-ver/
- Description: Hoofletter K Kleurling.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2016
Miscellaneous provisions
- Authors: Arendse, Jacqueline A , Clegg, David , Williams, Robert C
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/131276 , vital:36548 , https://store.lexisnexis.co.za/products/silke-on-tax-administration-skuZASKUPG1440
- Description: Miscellaneous provisions pertaining to tax administration are explained in this chapter.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2016
Payment of taxes, refunds and SARS’ collection powers
- Authors: Arendse, Jacqueline A , Clegg, David , Williams, Robert C
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/131264 , vital:36547 , https://store.lexisnexis.co.za/products/silke-on-tax-administration-skuZASKUPG1440
- Description: The Tax Administration Act and the various tax Acts administered by the Commissioner contain specific provisions dealing with the payment and recovery of tax, which are explained in this chapter.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2016
Registration, returns, assessments and records
- Authors: Arendse, Jacqueline A , Clegg, David , Williams, Robert C
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/131060 , vital:36520 , https://store.lexisnexis.co.za/products/silke-on-tax-administration-skuZASKUPG1440
- Description: This chapter covers the administrative provisions dealing with the requirements for certain persons to register with SARS, the submission of tax returns, the raising of assessments and the maintenance of records.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2016
SASO and Black Consciousness, and the shift to congress politics
- Authors: Badat, Saleem
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: book chapter , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/59755 , vital:27645 , http://witspress.co.za/catalogue/students-must-rise/
- Description: Students Must Rise 98 Chapter 8 SASO and Black Consciousness, and the shift to congress politics I n 1960, demonstrators protesting against pass laws were killed and injured by police at Sharpeville. Soon afterwards, the apartheid government declared a state of emergency. Over 11 000 political activists were detained, and repressive new laws, police raids, arrests, bannings, and torture were used to crush political opposition to apartheid. The African National Congress (ANC) and Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) were banned, and many leaders of the ANC and PAC were arrested and imprisoned , and hundreds fled into exile. For many white South Africans, the rest of the 1960s were a time of economic boom, political calm, prosperity, and rising living standards. Some blacks took the opportunity to accumulate wealth, power, and privilege through the Bantustans that the apartheid government established as part of its separate development programme. For most blacks, it was a period of great economic exploitation, extensive political and social control, fear, and demoralisation. It was difficult to see how there could be any political challenge to white minority rule. Anti-apartheid organisations faced immediate repression. They also had to overcome black people’s fear and demoralisation, which stood in the way of mobilising opposition against apartheid. The emergence of the South African Students’ Organisation and Black Consciousness Despite many problems, the South African Students’ Organisation (SASO) was formed as an exclusively black university and college student organisation in 1968. It escaped immediate state repression, and developed a following among students at the Saleem Badat SASO and Black Consciousness, and the shift to congress politics 99 universities reserved for blacks. Thereafter, the ideology of Black Consciousness (BC) was developed and other BC organisations were formed, resulting in the BC movement. SASO saw its challenge as the ‘assertion, manifestation and development of a sense of awareness politically, socially and economically among the black community’.1 It emphasised black ‘group cohesion and solidarity’ as ‘important facets of Black Consciousness’, the need for ‘the totality of involvement of the oppressed people’, and for BC ‘to be spread to reach all sections of the black community’.2 SASO began community development, literacy, education, media, culture, and sports projects, which aimed to help black communities to determine and realise their own needs. They were seen as a means to win the trust of people and to educate and mobilise them.3 Projects instilled the idea of self-reliance, seen as important for achieving freedom, in members and communities. SASO created a favourable political climate for various organisations to emerge.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2016
Seeing yourself in a new light: crossing the threshold to “researcher"
- Authors: Clarence, Sherran
- Date: 2016
- Language: English
- Type: book chapter , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/61390 , vital:28021 , http://www.africansunmedia.co.za/Sun-e-Shop/tabid/78/ProductId/385/Default.aspx , http://dx.doi.org/10.17613/M6WW52
- Description: Writing, and the thinking, reading and analytical process that writers engage with to make writing possible, is transformative, and doctoral students in the social sciences especially tend to write themselves into their new identities as ‘doctors’ and recognised researchers. Much has been written in recent years about doctoral writing, including many advice books on how to write a ‘big-book’ or similar doctoral thesis into being. While some of the journal articles and books are helpful, and provide useful accounts of the complex challenges of writing a doctoral thesis, many of the advice books in particular focus more on the text itself, with the writer oddly under-accounted for. Recent research on, for example, doctoral writing groups and doctoral identity speaks into this gap helpfully, but much of it is written in contexts other than South Africa, and much of it is written for rather than by students going through or having recently completed a PhD process. This chapter contributes to a growing body of research and reflection on the role of writing itself in the process of becoming a ‘doctor’. Building on relevant blog posts and critical reflection through a research journal on my own transformative doctoral writing process at a South African university, this chapter will reflect on how challenging yet also potentially thrilling the writing process can be during a PhD. Readers will hopefully find in this chapter useful insights into their own process of becoming a doctor, and ideas for making their own ‘writing and becoming’ process more engaging and rewarding.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2016
Stratigraphy and age of Karoo basalts of Lesotho and implications for correlations within the Karoo igneous province
- Authors: Marsh, Julian S , Hooper, P R , Rehacek, J , Duncan, R A , Duncan, Andrew R
- Date: 2013
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/149507 , vital:38859 , https://doi.org/10.1029/GM100p0247
- Description: Remnants of the erupted and intrusive products of the Karoo igneous province, one of the classic Mesozoic continental flood basalt provinces, are found throughout southern Africa. Such large continental igneous events are frequently ascribed to the rise of deep-seated mantle plumes and, in some instances, are thought to be related to continental breakup.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2013
Putting old wine in new skins: the customary code of Lerotholi and justice administration in Lesotho
- Authors: Juma, Laurence
- Date: 2011
- Language: English
- Type: text , book chapter
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/128780 , vital:36156 , https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511844294.007
- Description: Although the interaction between the western colonizers and the African indigenous populations in the early eighteenth and nineteenth centuries produced responses that were mostly inimical to the development of African customary law, the thrust of the onslaught against its principles was somewhat diminished by political considerations. Undoubtedly, the significance that African customary law acquired during this period was a measure of the purpose that the colonial project found in it.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2011