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Taxonomic notes on the eel, Muraenesox cinereus (Forsskål, 1775), in the western Indian Ocean

- Castle, P H J (Peter Henry John), Rhodes University. Department of Ichthyology

  • Authors: Castle, P H J (Peter Henry John) , Rhodes University. Department of Ichthyology
  • Date: 1967-12
  • Subjects: Eels , Marine fishes -- Africa, Southern
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , book
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/69530 , vital:29546 , Margaret Smith Library (South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB)) Periodicals Margaret Smith Library (South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB))
  • Description: Online version of original print edition of the Special Publication of the Rhodes University, Department of Ichthyology, No. 2 , Specimens from the southeast African coast conform well in essential characters with those displayed in radiographs of Muraena tota cinerea Forsskål from the Red Sea. In contrast, Japanese specimens which have been assigned to M.cinereus have more precaudal vertebrae, a higher total number of vertebrae, more numerous dorsal rays, a broader interorbital and a larger eye. They should therefore be set aside as distinct from Forsskål’s species. An available name for these is possibly M.singaporensis (Bleeker, 1853) although insufficient is known about M.cinereus - type eels in the Indo-Malayan region for this name to be confidently applied to the Japanese form. In many features western Indian Ocean M.cinereus closely resembles M.yamaguchiensis Katayama & Takai, 1954, also from Japan.
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  • Date Issued: 1967-12

Two remarkable eel-larvae from off Southern Africa

- Castle, P H J (Peter Henry John), Rhodes University. Department of Ichthyology

  • Authors: Castle, P H J (Peter Henry John) , Rhodes University. Department of Ichthyology
  • Date: 1967-08
  • Subjects: Eels , Fishes -- Larvae , Marine fishes -- Africa, Southern
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , book
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/69251 , vital:29465 , Margaret Smith Library (South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB)) Periodicals Margaret Smith Library (South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity (SAIAB))
  • Description: Online version of original print edition of the Special Publication of the Rhodes University, Department of Ichthyology, No.1 , Ascomana gen. nov., based on A. eximia sp. nov. is described from a single 700mm leptocephalus collected off Cape Town. It displays the following characters which in combination distinguish it from known eel genera: — Jaws moderately produced, hyomandibula essentialy vertical, short postocular region, occipital crest present, slender upwardly-curved lower jaw, pectoral fin with very numerous rays (23-24); larva reaching at least 700mm, eye not telescopic, caudal not attenuated or rounded, very numerous teeth, intestine a straight tube, pigment mainly as a series of large melanophores along the ventral body wall from throat to vent. The new genus and species shows some resemblances to the nessorhamphid eels. An elongate (565mm) leptocephalus, also collected from off Cape Town (that is, in the locality of the Dana "giant" eel-larvae), is identified with Leptocephalus giganteus Castle and is the second undoubted specimen of this species.
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  • Date Issued: 1967-08

A contribution to the biology of the sociable weaver Philetairus socius (Latham)

- Maclean, Gordon L

  • Authors: Maclean, Gordon L
  • Date: 1967
  • Subjects: Weaverbirds
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: vital:5863 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012791
  • Description: Anyone who has travelled the dusty road in the bed of the Kuruman River from Kuruman in the Northern Cape to the South West African border at Rietfontein cannot fail to have been impressed by the large communal nests of the sociable weaver Philetairus socius which adorn many of the camelthorn trees along the way. One of the earliest reports of the bird and its nest is that of Sir Andrew Smith (1849) who passed that way through what was then Latakoo (the present day Kuruman), collecting birds which he described for the first time. To him we are indebted for the first published illustrations of the sociable weaver, its nest and egg, and a brief account, not entirely accurate to be sure, of the building and occupation of the nest. This account has since been quoted at length by Shelley (1905) and by Friedmann (1930a) who accepted Smith's statements as they stood. Some years after Smith's travels, Anderson wrote (1872) that the flocks of sociable weavers " ... incubate their eggs under the same roof, which is composed by these birds of whole cartloads of grass piled on a branch of some kamel-thorn tree in one enormous mass of an irregular umbrella-shape, looking like a miniature haystack, and almost solid, but with the under surface, which is nearly flat, honeycombed all over with little cavities, which serve not only as places for incubation but also as a refuge against rain and wind". This account gives some idea of the spectacular nests built by these birds which are hardly larger than a sparrow. But, living in the dry and thinly-populated western regions of southern Africa, the sociable weaver remained a remote curiosity, the subject of casual reports and some strange ideas. Since Friedmann (1930a) studied the sociable weaver briefly in the western Transvaal, the only thorough field observations (mainly on nests and nest sites) up to the present have been those of Rudebeck (1953, 1956). Collias & Collias (1964) returned to the western Transvaal some 20 years after Friedmann's visit, but unfortunately had time for only a cursory study; their main interest was once again in the nest and its architecture. Thus, in 1964 when I joined Dr. T.J. Cade, then of Syracuse University and now of Cornell University, on his desert biology programme, he suggested that the sociable weaver be the subject of special study in the Kalahari. Here was a bird, resident in a harsh environment, living throughout the year in an extraordinary nest, and almost completely unknown biologically. Among the questions to be answered were: How is the nest started and how is it constructed? Which birds build, and how is the labour organized? What is the purpose of the elaborate nest: does it provide a micro-climate which enables the birds to survive better under arid conditions? How could such a communal nest have evolved? What is the social organization of the colony in and out of the breeding season? When do the birds breed and what factors induce breeding? What happens to the young birds after they become independent of their parents? Naturally many other questions arose as the work proceeded, but these were the main ones on which the project was initiated.
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  • Date Issued: 1967

A new squalid Shark from South Africa with notes on the rare Atractophorus Armatus Gilchrist

- Smith, J.L.B. (James Leonard Brierley), 1897-1968

A study of bantu retail traders in certain areas of the Eastern Cape

- Savage, R B

  • Authors: Savage, R B
  • Date: 1967
  • Subjects: Retail trade -- Bantu-speaking peoples -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Black people -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MCom
  • Identifier: vital:1069 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007703 , Retail trade -- Bantu-speaking peoples -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Black people -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
  • Description: The beginning of the eighteenth century marks the start of economic relations between the colonists of the Cape and the Bantu. As early as 1702 a quarrel about the bartering of cattle had broken out between parties of Whites and Bantu, each of which had made their way, from opposite directions, into the area between the Gamtoos and the Kei Rivers. The Bantu, who were encountered in the Eastern Cape, belonged to the Xhosa-speaking tribes. They were cattle farmers who also practised some agriculture, but this was considered a subsidiary activity which was left to the women. Their economy was a self-sufficient subsistence one with each family an almost entirely self-supporting unit. Each relied on its own cattle and crops and built its own dwellings. To serve its own requirements, each family made domestic utensils out of wood, grass and clay. Iron implements were, however, made by special smiths.
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  • Date Issued: 1967

A study of the novels of F. Scott Fitzgerald

- Rodda, Peter

  • Authors: Rodda, Peter
  • Date: 1967
  • Subjects: Fitzgerald, F. Scott (Francis Scott), 1896-1940 , American literature -- Criticism and interpretation , American fiction -- 20th century
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:2311 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013072
  • Description: Henry Dan Piper has exploded the legend that all of Fitzgerald' s books where out of print when he died. There may be similar romantic exaggeration which does not bear examination in the popular view that Fitzgerald's reputation as an artist was eclipsed in his later years and magically revived after his death by the editing and publication by Edmund Wilson in 1941 of the unfinished novel Last Tycoon, and of The Crack-Up. Investigation by Matthew J. Bruccoli has shown the essential oversimplification inherent in the widely-held belief that Fitzgerald's last complete novel to be published, Tender is the Night was dismissed or ignored by reviewers demanding novels of social conscience. Fitzgerald attracted legends and since his death has become something of a folk-hero the type of the golden boy who achieved early and instantaneous fame, lives riotously and is then engulfed by the backwash of his own youthful folly somehow leaving an unpublished masterpiece to confound his critics at his early death. Preface, p. 1.
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  • Date Issued: 1967

Absenteeism in the footwear industry in South Africa

- Townsend, A C

  • Authors: Townsend, A C
  • Date: 1967
  • Subjects: Absenteeism (Labor) -- South Africa , Footwear industry -- South Africa , Employees -- South Africa , South Africa -- Industries
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:3384 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013408
  • Description: From Introduction: During the past three decades or more, the study of absenteeism in industry has been carried on in many different ways, by numerous investigators and in a wide range of industries. The purpose of such studies has varied; sometimes they have been stimulated by purely academic interest and have sought to investigate the relationship between absenteeism and various other measurable factors in the work situation such as age, race, sex, length of service and wage rates. Most studies, however, have been prompted by the urgent necessity to determine whether an absence problem existed within a specific factory, community or industry and to discover some effective means of dealing with it. Most studies have been empirical and pragmatic as has befitted their intentions. Inevitably, those who have conducted studies of the latter type have asked two questions (a) how do the absence rates emerging from this investigation compare with those from other studies and (b) are they 'normal' or 'abnormal'? In other words, does the data which has been gathered indicate the existence of an absence problem? The main purpose of this monograph is to demonstrate that the Gross Absence Rate is not an effective basis for the discovery of answers to either of these questions. It will seek, in other words, to demonstrate the truth of the following fundamental postulate: THE GROSS ABSENCE RATE IS NOT, IN ITSELF, A SUFFICIENT BASIS FOR THE COMPARISON OF THE ABSENCE BEHAVIOUR OF ONE GROUP OF WORKERS WITH THAT OF ANOTHER OR WITH A PRE-ESTABLISHED NORM, NOR IS IT AN ADEQUATE INDICATOR OF THE PRESENCE OR OTHERWISE OF AN ABSENCE PROBLEM AMONG ANY GIVEN GROUP OF WORKERS. Although this study will include some account of investigations into the relationship between absence rates and various socio-economic factors, it will do so primarily in order to seek support for the above postulate.
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  • Date Issued: 1967

An evaluaton of the subjective element in atonement doctrine

- Perkins, Edwin Alfred

  • Authors: Perkins, Edwin Alfred
  • Date: 1967
  • Subjects: Atonement , Subjectivity -- Religious aspects
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BDiv
  • Identifier: vital:1266 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013025
  • Description: The Church has never formulated an official doctrine of the atonement. Unlike the Trinitarian and Christological doctrines, the atonement was never a major issue in the early ecumenical councils. This central mystery of the faith, which speaks of the restoring of the relationship between God and man through Jesus Christ, has resisted every attempt at 'a formulation or statement in a nutshell'. Tillich has suggested that the Church's refusal to state the doctrine in definite dogmatic terms, is the instinctive recognition of the indefiniteness which is introduced by the human element. This element means that the doctrine has a subjective as well as an objective element. Since in his view the subjective element depends on the incalculable reaction of men to God's provision of a Saviour the formulation of the doctrine must remain uncertain. While we will agree with Tillich that the atonement has an objective as well as a subjective side, we cannot agree that the failure to formulate a doctrine has only to do with the uncertainty implied by the will of men. Intro. p, 1.
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  • Date Issued: 1967

An investigation into the decametric radio emission by the planet Jupiter

- Gruber, Georg M

  • Authors: Gruber, Georg M
  • Date: 1967
  • Subjects: Jupiter (Planet) , Radio astronomy , Radio sources (Astronomy)
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: vital:5545 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013410
  • Description: From introduction: Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system. Its distance from the Sun is five times that of the Earth and its mass is nearly two and a half times that of all the other planets added together. Jupiter turns about its own axis rather rapidly, once in just under ten hours, and it completes one revolution about the Sun in just under twelve years. Thus Earth has to pass almost directly between the Sun and Jupiter once every thirteen months. When this happens Jupiter is said to be in "opposition", as its position is then opposite to that of the Sun, when viewed from Earth. Around this time the planet will be most favourably placed for observations, as it is at its closest to Earth and up in the sky for a large part of the night. During the day observations on radio frequencies are more difficult, as the Sun is a source of great interference. Besides being an emitter of thermal electromagnetic radiation, as one would expect, Jupiter also emits two kinds of non-thermal radiation, one in the decimetre wavelength range and the other in the decametre wavelength range. A large number of scientists have worked on the problems of decimetre and decametre radiation. This thesis deals with some aspects of decametre radiation.
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  • Date Issued: 1967

An investigation into the preservation and development of the human voice with special reference to children and adolescents

- Gruber, I M S

  • Authors: Gruber, I M S
  • Date: 1967
  • Subjects: Voice Voice culture -- Exercises Voice -- Care and hygiene Singing -- Studies & exercises
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MMus
  • Identifier: vital:2681 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012103
  • Description: The voice is the only natural and, when properly trained, also the most perfect instrument. Any other instrument, be it string, wind or percussion, is a separate entity, an object devised by man, and over the years altered, improved and perfected. None of those, from primitive pipes to the most intricate electronic apparatus can produce a single sound without human aid. It needs someone to play it manually and/or orally. Intro., p. 1.
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  • Date Issued: 1967

An investigation of chlorbutol in ophthalmic and parenteral solutions

- Summers, Robert Stanley

  • Authors: Summers, Robert Stanley
  • Date: 1967
  • Subjects: Parenteral solutions , Solutions (Pharmacy) , Ocular pharmacology
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: vital:3842 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007694 , Parenteral solutions , Solutions (Pharmacy) , Ocular pharmacology
  • Description: From Introduction Chlorbutol , which is tri-chlor-tertiary-butanol, was first prepared by Willgerodt in 1886 (1). The reaction he used for its preparation is still used today, though slightly modified (2)(3)(4), and is suggested by its original name "acetone-chloroform". The substance was prepared by adding solid potassium hydroxide to a cold mixture of acetone and chloroform (5 ). Chlorbutol is a derivative of the trichlorinated derivative of methane, and its formation may best be described by the use of structural formulae.
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  • Date Issued: 1967

Clanwilliam 3218

- Trigonometrical Survey (South Africa)

Community leadership in Grahamstown

- Van der Merwe, Hendrik W

  • Authors: Van der Merwe, Hendrik W
  • Date: 1967
  • Subjects: Sociology, Urban -- South Africa -- Grahamstown , Community leadership -- South Africa -- Grahamstown , Community development, Urban -- South Africa -- Grahamstown
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:3390 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1014564
  • Description: In this study an analysis was made of the leadership structure of the community of Grahamstown. It was hypothesized that the leadership structure is pluralistic i.e. that leaders are divided along themselves on different issues. An historical and documentary analysis of various aspects of community life revealed that leaders were not united on almost all issues. An analysis of the voluntary associations in which the top leaders took an active part revealed great discrepancy in terms of orientation toward the community, society, and social exclusiveness. A schedule was administered to 90 leaders who were identified by the Cooperating- Informant Technique. Data. were collected about their background characteristics, attitudes toward certain local issues and their general ideological orientations. It was found that stands taken on local issues can best be interpreted in terms of ideological orientation. We conclude that local community leadership is pluralistic. In view of the relationship between local issues and the larger society, several selected problems merit further investigation.
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  • Date Issued: 1967

Complexes of mercury(II) and zinc(II) with primary aromatic amines

- Haigh, John M, Van Dam, M A, Thornton, D A

  • Authors: Haigh, John M , Van Dam, M A , Thornton, D A
  • Date: 1967
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Article
  • Identifier: vital:6370 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006072
  • Description: A series of amine complexes has been prepared by reaction of zinc chloride and mercuric chloride with primary aromatic amines. A detailed assignment of the bands in the infra-red spectra of the complexes in the range 4000-625 cm [superscript]-1 is presented. The symmetric and asymmetric N-H stretching frequencies follow the relationship v(sym) = 345.5+ 0.876v(asym). The C-N stretching frequencies exhibit a linear relationship with the Hammett α-functions for the m- and p-substituted amines.
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  • Date Issued: 1967

Complexes of zinc, cadmium and mercury with primary aromatic amines

- Haigh, John M, Van Dam, M A, Thornton, D A

  • Authors: Haigh, John M , Van Dam, M A , Thornton, D A
  • Date: 1967
  • Language: English
  • Type: Article
  • Identifier: vital:6369 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006070
  • Description: We have examined the infrared spectra of thirty-seven complexes derived from the reaction of zinc chloride, mercuric chloride and cadmium chloride, bromide and iodide with several primary aromatic amines. The object of the study was to ascertain whether the frequency data would shed light on the mechanisms of metal-donor atom bonding and electron shifts within the molecules and, in the case of the cadmium complexes, in order to obtain evidence for the transmission of electronic effects through a cadmium atom.
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  • Date Issued: 1967

Confirmation : an analysis and assessment

- Maker, Derek Alan

  • Authors: Maker, Derek Alan
  • Date: 1967
  • Subjects: Confirmation
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Bachelor , BDiv
  • Identifier: vital:1262 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012797 , Confirmation
  • Description: Intelligently to discuss Christian initiatory rites we must begin with Baptism. In recent years many scholars have attempted a critical re-assessment of baptism based upon a renewed exegetical study of the New Testament. This chapter is written in the light of that work. Most theologians are agreed upon the cardinal importance of baptism. Calvin is generally representative in saying, "Baptism is a sign of initiation, by which we are admitted into the society of the Church, in order that, being incorporated into Christ we may be numbered among the children of God". Wheeler Robinson, a Baptist theologian, asserts that, "Baptism is the door of entrance to the Church". Intro. p. 1.
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  • Date Issued: 1967

Contributions to the ecology of the anomuran mud prawn Upogebia africana (Ortmann)

- Hill, Burke J

  • Authors: Hill, Burke J
  • Date: 1967
  • Subjects: Decapoda , Shrimps
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: vital:5888 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013341
  • Description: Estuarine ecology in South Africa has progressed in two distinct stages. The first of these was a necessary descriptive phase which documented the general distribution of estuarine animals and recorded the physical conditions within estuaries . This phase has been carried out by the Zoology Department of the University of Cape Town which has made a series of ecological surveys of southern African estuaries. These surveys have provided a vast amount of valuable information which was utilised by Day (1964.) to state some general conclusions about estuarine faunas. The most important of these conclusions is that most of the estuarine fauna is really a quiet water fauna which also occurs in sheltered non-estuarine water. The information gained in this first stage is necessarily general and it can only indicate overall trends or reveal major features of distribution. Further estuary surveys are not justified unless they deal with unique conditions. It is at this point that the second phase of estuarine ecology becomes necessary. This phase involves a detailed investigation of individual species or particular problems. The present investigation falls into this second stage of estuarine ecology and was designed to extend our knowledge of the anomuran mud prawn Upogebia africana (Ortmann). The general estuarine surveys have shown that U. africana is a common inhabitant of many estuaries and sheltered bays along the southern African coast from Langebaan on the West coast to Inhambane on the East coast. However these surveys only revealed and could not explain anomalies in its distribution such as its apparent absence from closed estuaries and from estuaries in the tropics. In addition it was not even certain whether this abundant and widespread animal should really be considered a valid species distinct from a common West Coast prawn Upogebia capensis (Krauss). It was felt that a study of an estuarine species should be based upon a sound knowledge of its distribution, population structure and habitat. Knowledge of the habitat must be gained by studies in the field to establish which facets of the environment are of importance to the species. It was decided on the basis of field observations that temperature and salinity are of prime importance: in limiting the distribution of U. africana and a detailed laboratory study was therefore made of the tolerance of U. africana to these two physical factors. The results of laboratory experiments together with field observations were finally used to interpret the ecology of the species. Most of present day knowledge of crustacean ecology has been gained from a study of European and North American animals and information about southern hemisphere species has lagged behind. It is hoped that the present study will contribute to a wider understanding of Crustacea and that it will lead to further more advanced research on South African marine and estuarine animals
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  • Date Issued: 1967

Early visitors to the Eastern Cape : inaugural lecture delivered at Rhodes University

- Forbes, Vernon S. (Vernon Siegfried)

Hydrobiological studies on the Vaal River and some of its tributaries, including an introduction to the ecology of Simulium in its lower reaches

- Chutter, F M

  • Authors: Chutter, F M
  • Date: 1967
  • Subjects: Freshwater biology Freshwater animals Freshwater ecology
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: vital:5841 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1010499
  • Description: The studies on the Vaal River and its tributaries presented here, were carried out for a variety of reasons. Prominent among them were several of immediate practical importance, such as the need to know the pollution status of waters which ultimately form the major supply for the Witwatersrand urban and industrial complex, and the need for background data on a stretch of the river which was to be insecticided to control a Simulium pest. However the results of such work can often be used for wider purposes. In this thesis they are used to examine the major factors thought to govern the distribution and abundance of the invertebrate Metazoa in the river. Introduction, p. 2-3.
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  • Date Issued: 1967

Infrared evidence for the transmission of electronic effects through a metal atom in a series of new cadmium complexes

- Haigh, John M, Van Dam, M A, Thornton, D A

  • Authors: Haigh, John M , Van Dam, M A , Thornton, D A
  • Date: 1967
  • Language: English
  • Type: text , Article
  • Identifier: vital:6371 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006073
  • Description: A series of novel cadmium complexes has been synthesized from the reaction of cadmium chloride, bromide and iodide with primary aromatic amines. The complexes are either mononuclear or polynuclear according to the nature of the halide and amine employed. A possible mechanism for their formation is proposed. The N - H stretching and bending frequencies are linearly related to the electronegativity of the co-ordinated halogen, indicating that the electron withdrawing capacity of the halogen is transmitted through the cadmium atom.
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  • Date Issued: 1967
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