An ecological study of territoriality in four Cichlid species resident on rocky shores near Monkey Bay, Lake Malawi
- Authors: Sharp, Bradley John
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Cichlids -- Nyasa, Lake , Cichlids -- Behavior
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5340 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005927 , Cichlids -- Nyasa, Lake , Cichlids -- Behavior
- Description: This study centres on a diverse assemblage of epilithic algal grazing fish (17 cichlids and 2 cyprinids) found on the rocky shores near Monkey Bay, Lake Malawi. Diet overlap among these species is large, but competitive exclusion is apparently avoided by the species having different feeding structures, behaviour and distribution on the shore. In many respects the ecology and behaviour of the cichlid fishes inhabiting the rocky zones of Lake Malawi parallel those of coral reef fish. In both communities there are species which are highly territorial, resulting in resource subdivision and, in some cases, the development of algal gardens. As this behaviour has not been previously reported for cichlid species, this thesis describes the territoriality of the rock-dwelling cichlids of Monkey Bay, Lake Malawi, and poses three specific questions: 1. What is the function of territoriality? 2. How do the territorial species subdivide the space resource? 3. What prevents one species taking over all the available space? It is suggested that interspecific territoriality evolved in response to a shortage of food, and, at present, serves principally to defend an algal garden i.e. a food supply of high standing crop. The species studied are extremely site specific. The rocky shore is subdivided among the four species according to the rock configuration, size, algal mat composition and position on the shore, of the available sites. An experimental study of the space utilization of the two common territorial species, referred to as 'Pseudotropheus orange cheek' and 'Pseudotropheus aggressive', showed that suitable territory sites are in short supply and that these species are in competition for some sites. These results do not support those of Fryer (1959) who suggested that a superabundance of food enabled fish to coexist by sharing the same food resource. Indeed it now appears that a shortage of food may have been a major driving force during the recent evolution of the species studied.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Sharp, Bradley John
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Cichlids -- Nyasa, Lake , Cichlids -- Behavior
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:5340 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005927 , Cichlids -- Nyasa, Lake , Cichlids -- Behavior
- Description: This study centres on a diverse assemblage of epilithic algal grazing fish (17 cichlids and 2 cyprinids) found on the rocky shores near Monkey Bay, Lake Malawi. Diet overlap among these species is large, but competitive exclusion is apparently avoided by the species having different feeding structures, behaviour and distribution on the shore. In many respects the ecology and behaviour of the cichlid fishes inhabiting the rocky zones of Lake Malawi parallel those of coral reef fish. In both communities there are species which are highly territorial, resulting in resource subdivision and, in some cases, the development of algal gardens. As this behaviour has not been previously reported for cichlid species, this thesis describes the territoriality of the rock-dwelling cichlids of Monkey Bay, Lake Malawi, and poses three specific questions: 1. What is the function of territoriality? 2. How do the territorial species subdivide the space resource? 3. What prevents one species taking over all the available space? It is suggested that interspecific territoriality evolved in response to a shortage of food, and, at present, serves principally to defend an algal garden i.e. a food supply of high standing crop. The species studied are extremely site specific. The rocky shore is subdivided among the four species according to the rock configuration, size, algal mat composition and position on the shore, of the available sites. An experimental study of the space utilization of the two common territorial species, referred to as 'Pseudotropheus orange cheek' and 'Pseudotropheus aggressive', showed that suitable territory sites are in short supply and that these species are in competition for some sites. These results do not support those of Fryer (1959) who suggested that a superabundance of food enabled fish to coexist by sharing the same food resource. Indeed it now appears that a shortage of food may have been a major driving force during the recent evolution of the species studied.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
An ecophysiological study of the effects of changes in salinity and temperature on the distribution of Macrobrachium Petersi (Hilgendorf) in the Keiskamma river and estuary
- Read, Graeme Hamilton Leonard
- Authors: Read, Graeme Hamilton Leonard
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Macrobrachium -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5804 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006304
- Description: Summary: The distribution of adult, juvenile, post larval and larval Macrobrachium petersi (Hilgendorf) was studied in relation to temperature and salinity in the Keiskamma river and estuary from May 1979 to May 1981. M. petersi is a subtropical species, which confined activity of all stages in the field to the summer months. Variable freshwater discharge and tidal effects determined the salinity and temperature profiles in the middle and upper reaches of the Keiskamma estuary. Thus, a dry 1979/80 summer and a wet 1980/81 summer markedly influenced the abundance and distribution of adult M. petersi in the river and estuary respectively. Adult M. petersi migrate to the estuary under flooding conditions and upstream in response to elevated salinities. Although M. petersi has nine larval stages only a preponderance of stage I were caught in the field. These portray a distinct nocturnal and diurnal distribution pattern which is influenced by salinity, especially under stratified conditions. After flooding the larvae show an affinity for salt front regions and reach these by remaining in the water column on the ebbing tide. A substantial drop in abundance downstream from the salt front suggests that the larvae loose their planktonic phase which is an effective retention mechanism, and confines larval development to the middle and upper reaches of the estuary. Post larvae were caught towards the end of the 1981 breeding season which indicates that complete larval development takes place in the estuary. A post larval migration to freshwater, which reaches a peak in February and March, was monitored. Thus both the freshwater and estuarine environments form an inseparable link in the life cycle of M. petersi. The distribution of stage I larvae in the Keiskamma estuary suggested that salinity played a role in development. The fact that other larval stages were not found emphasised the necessity for a quantitative laboratory investigation to determine the importance of salinity in the developmental history of M. petersi larvae and post larvae. However, the modifying influence of temperature could not be ignored so a multivariable approach was adopted. This, together with a surface response technique, aided the interpretation of the effect of a variety of combinations of salinity and temperature on ecdysis to stage II, larval survival and requirements for metamorphosis to post larvae. It was estimated that the minimum salinity requirement for complete larval development, within a temperature range from 18 to 30⁰C was 8%₀, although ecdysis to stage II and metamorphosis to post larvae could occur in salinities less than this value. Despite the euryhalinity of the larvae, the behaviour of adult M. petersi to an increase in salinity and the affinity of stage I larvae to salt front regions restricted development to the upper reaches of the estuary. This is discussed as an adaptation which not only ensures retention within the estuary but favours recruitment to the adult population in freshwater. The osmoregulatory patterns of larval, post larval, juvenile and adult M. petersi correlated with their distribution. These were approximated by a cubic polynomial which enabled the different patterns to be compared. The larval stages investigated (I, II, V & IX) displayed a remarkable capacity to regulate which was strongest in stage I as these could regulate in both freshwater and 35%₀. The ability to regulate in freshwater was lost hereafter but regained in the post larvae, which also regulated in 35%₀. Juveniles (caught at the ebb and flow) displayed a similar regulatory pattern to the adults and "hyposmoconformed" in salinities beyond the isosmotic point as the need to regulate in 35%₀ was no longer necessary. The osmoregulatory capacity of M. petersi larvae in relation to other decapod larvae is discussed. Marine transport of the euryhaline larval and post larval stages accounts for the distribution of M. petersi along the South African coastline. However, south of 31°S latitude the sea-surface temperature decreases abruptly. This region coincides with the southern limit of the distribution of M. petersi. Although larval M. petersi can tolerate high salinity (35%₀) in combination with low temperature, the post larvae cannot, which is likely to account for their restricted southern distribution. The genus Macrobrachium are in the process of invading freshwater. The possible course that this might have taken has been discussed in the light of available evidence as well as the findings of this study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Read, Graeme Hamilton Leonard
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Macrobrachium -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5804 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006304
- Description: Summary: The distribution of adult, juvenile, post larval and larval Macrobrachium petersi (Hilgendorf) was studied in relation to temperature and salinity in the Keiskamma river and estuary from May 1979 to May 1981. M. petersi is a subtropical species, which confined activity of all stages in the field to the summer months. Variable freshwater discharge and tidal effects determined the salinity and temperature profiles in the middle and upper reaches of the Keiskamma estuary. Thus, a dry 1979/80 summer and a wet 1980/81 summer markedly influenced the abundance and distribution of adult M. petersi in the river and estuary respectively. Adult M. petersi migrate to the estuary under flooding conditions and upstream in response to elevated salinities. Although M. petersi has nine larval stages only a preponderance of stage I were caught in the field. These portray a distinct nocturnal and diurnal distribution pattern which is influenced by salinity, especially under stratified conditions. After flooding the larvae show an affinity for salt front regions and reach these by remaining in the water column on the ebbing tide. A substantial drop in abundance downstream from the salt front suggests that the larvae loose their planktonic phase which is an effective retention mechanism, and confines larval development to the middle and upper reaches of the estuary. Post larvae were caught towards the end of the 1981 breeding season which indicates that complete larval development takes place in the estuary. A post larval migration to freshwater, which reaches a peak in February and March, was monitored. Thus both the freshwater and estuarine environments form an inseparable link in the life cycle of M. petersi. The distribution of stage I larvae in the Keiskamma estuary suggested that salinity played a role in development. The fact that other larval stages were not found emphasised the necessity for a quantitative laboratory investigation to determine the importance of salinity in the developmental history of M. petersi larvae and post larvae. However, the modifying influence of temperature could not be ignored so a multivariable approach was adopted. This, together with a surface response technique, aided the interpretation of the effect of a variety of combinations of salinity and temperature on ecdysis to stage II, larval survival and requirements for metamorphosis to post larvae. It was estimated that the minimum salinity requirement for complete larval development, within a temperature range from 18 to 30⁰C was 8%₀, although ecdysis to stage II and metamorphosis to post larvae could occur in salinities less than this value. Despite the euryhalinity of the larvae, the behaviour of adult M. petersi to an increase in salinity and the affinity of stage I larvae to salt front regions restricted development to the upper reaches of the estuary. This is discussed as an adaptation which not only ensures retention within the estuary but favours recruitment to the adult population in freshwater. The osmoregulatory patterns of larval, post larval, juvenile and adult M. petersi correlated with their distribution. These were approximated by a cubic polynomial which enabled the different patterns to be compared. The larval stages investigated (I, II, V & IX) displayed a remarkable capacity to regulate which was strongest in stage I as these could regulate in both freshwater and 35%₀. The ability to regulate in freshwater was lost hereafter but regained in the post larvae, which also regulated in 35%₀. Juveniles (caught at the ebb and flow) displayed a similar regulatory pattern to the adults and "hyposmoconformed" in salinities beyond the isosmotic point as the need to regulate in 35%₀ was no longer necessary. The osmoregulatory capacity of M. petersi larvae in relation to other decapod larvae is discussed. Marine transport of the euryhaline larval and post larval stages accounts for the distribution of M. petersi along the South African coastline. However, south of 31°S latitude the sea-surface temperature decreases abruptly. This region coincides with the southern limit of the distribution of M. petersi. Although larval M. petersi can tolerate high salinity (35%₀) in combination with low temperature, the post larvae cannot, which is likely to account for their restricted southern distribution. The genus Macrobrachium are in the process of invading freshwater. The possible course that this might have taken has been discussed in the light of available evidence as well as the findings of this study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
An evaluation of the effects of imported insects on the weed Lantana camara L. in South Africa
- Authors: Cilliers, Catharina Johanna
- Date: 1982
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5808 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006853
- Description: The plant, Lantana camara L. (V erbenaceae), is a weed in tropical and subtropical areas around the world. In many countries, including South Africa, biological control of this weed has been attempted. Although 12 insect species have been imported into South Africa, only four species established and these are dealt with in this study. Ophiomyia lantanae Diptera: Agromyzidae, a seed fly, is briefly dealt with; the main emphasis is on the leaf damaging species Teleonemia scrupulosa Stål (Hemiptera: Tingidae) and two leaf mining beetles, Octotoma scabripennis Guerin and Uroplata girardi Pic . (Hispidae: Coleoptera). In evaluating the insect damage to lantana leaves, monthly samples of branches were taken over three seasons from 1977- 80. This destructive sampling allowed the study of population build-up of the insects. In addition, counts were made of the numbers of damaged and healthy leaves, flowers and seeds and the damage related to the activities of the different stages of the hispids and the tingid. Insect exclusion experiments were also used to determine the effect of the insects on the growth of L. camara. The results reported in this thesis clearly indicate that the imported natural enemies retard L. camara growth and vigour and the effects are manifested in a marked reduction in stem diameter, internodal length, leaf size, leaf lifespan and in flower and seed set.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Cilliers, Catharina Johanna
- Date: 1982
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5808 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006853
- Description: The plant, Lantana camara L. (V erbenaceae), is a weed in tropical and subtropical areas around the world. In many countries, including South Africa, biological control of this weed has been attempted. Although 12 insect species have been imported into South Africa, only four species established and these are dealt with in this study. Ophiomyia lantanae Diptera: Agromyzidae, a seed fly, is briefly dealt with; the main emphasis is on the leaf damaging species Teleonemia scrupulosa Stål (Hemiptera: Tingidae) and two leaf mining beetles, Octotoma scabripennis Guerin and Uroplata girardi Pic . (Hispidae: Coleoptera). In evaluating the insect damage to lantana leaves, monthly samples of branches were taken over three seasons from 1977- 80. This destructive sampling allowed the study of population build-up of the insects. In addition, counts were made of the numbers of damaged and healthy leaves, flowers and seeds and the damage related to the activities of the different stages of the hispids and the tingid. Insect exclusion experiments were also used to determine the effect of the insects on the growth of L. camara. The results reported in this thesis clearly indicate that the imported natural enemies retard L. camara growth and vigour and the effects are manifested in a marked reduction in stem diameter, internodal length, leaf size, leaf lifespan and in flower and seed set.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
An examination of the finances of the Cape Midlands Administration Board, 1973-79
- Authors: Humphries, Richard G
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Cape Midlands Administration Board Cities and towns -- South Africa Local government -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Finance, Public -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2161 , vital:20261 , ISBN 0868100935
- Description: While the Bantu Affairs Administration Board Act was passed by Parliament in 1971, it was not until July 1973 that responsibility for the execution of state policy towards blacks resident in urban areas was removed from the Eastern Cape municipalities and vested in the newly created Cape Midlands Administration Board. The Board's boundaries were announced in December 1972 after the recommendations of the Bantu Affairs Administration Boards Implementation Advisory Committee and were to consist of the magisterial districts of Port Elizabeth, Uitenhage, Kirkwood, Somerset East, Cradock, Bedford, Adelaide, Fort Beaufort, Stockenstrom, Victoria East, Albany, Bathurst, and Alexandria. The head office was based in Port Elizabeth. These boundaries remained unaltered until the amalgamation of the three administration boards in the greater Eastern Cape, Border and Karoo areas in 1979. Although the administration boards were to be primarily concerned with the administration of urban areas, they were also given responsibility for the administration of other aspects of policy towards blacks living in rural areas. Thus the Cape Midlands Administration Board estimated in 1973 that 327 601 persons were resident in the 20 urban areas within its jurisdiction while 163 312 blacks lived in the rural non-prescribed areas. This was a total of 490 913 persons. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Humphries, Richard G
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Cape Midlands Administration Board Cities and towns -- South Africa Local government -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Finance, Public -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2161 , vital:20261 , ISBN 0868100935
- Description: While the Bantu Affairs Administration Board Act was passed by Parliament in 1971, it was not until July 1973 that responsibility for the execution of state policy towards blacks resident in urban areas was removed from the Eastern Cape municipalities and vested in the newly created Cape Midlands Administration Board. The Board's boundaries were announced in December 1972 after the recommendations of the Bantu Affairs Administration Boards Implementation Advisory Committee and were to consist of the magisterial districts of Port Elizabeth, Uitenhage, Kirkwood, Somerset East, Cradock, Bedford, Adelaide, Fort Beaufort, Stockenstrom, Victoria East, Albany, Bathurst, and Alexandria. The head office was based in Port Elizabeth. These boundaries remained unaltered until the amalgamation of the three administration boards in the greater Eastern Cape, Border and Karoo areas in 1979. Although the administration boards were to be primarily concerned with the administration of urban areas, they were also given responsibility for the administration of other aspects of policy towards blacks living in rural areas. Thus the Cape Midlands Administration Board estimated in 1973 that 327 601 persons were resident in the 20 urban areas within its jurisdiction while 163 312 blacks lived in the rural non-prescribed areas. This was a total of 490 913 persons. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
An investigation into the taxonomy of the diatoms (Bacillariophyta) of the Sundays and Great Fish Rivers, with ecological observations on the Sundays River
- Archibald, Robert Eldred Mostert
- Authors: Archibald, Robert Eldred Mostert
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Diatoms -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Diatoms -- Classification Aquatic ecology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Sundays River
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:4180 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003728
- Description: This report on the diatoms (Bacillariophyta) of the Sundays and Great Fish rivers is divided into two sections. In Volume 1 the taxonomy of the diatoms from these two river systems is examined. A total of 331 taxa were studied, of which 5 are described as new species. Two taxa are given new names, since they were previously known under later homonyms. Twenty seven taxa were recorded for the first time from South Africa, while a number of species are given amended descriptions in the light of fresh information obtained concerning them. A few taxa (chiefly South African forms) have been united with previously described taxa. For the remainder of the taxa mentioned in the text, comments are passed with regard to their taxonomy and dimensions, based on facts gained through literature surveys and personal observations of the relevant taxa. As far as possible all taxa examined in Volume 1 are illustrated, and these illustrations are presented in Volume 3 of this study. Volume 2 deals with the ecology of the diatoms in the Sundays River. Special emphasis is laid on relating the composition of the diatom associations at the selected stations to the ambient salinity and ionic composition of the water. A new index, the Salinity Tolerance Index (STI), is proposed to summarize by means of a numerical value the information obtained from the analysis of a diatom association with respect to the character of the component taxa, and to indicate whether the association is derived from a freshwater, brackish water or marine source. The efficacy of the STI is evaluated in the text. The effect of the geological formations of the Sundays River valley and the underground waters emanating from them is discussed in the text. The consequences of a severe drought in the lower Sundays River, including hypersaline water in the upper estuary, on the diatom flora are also investigated.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Archibald, Robert Eldred Mostert
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Diatoms -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Diatoms -- Classification Aquatic ecology -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Sundays River
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:4180 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003728
- Description: This report on the diatoms (Bacillariophyta) of the Sundays and Great Fish rivers is divided into two sections. In Volume 1 the taxonomy of the diatoms from these two river systems is examined. A total of 331 taxa were studied, of which 5 are described as new species. Two taxa are given new names, since they were previously known under later homonyms. Twenty seven taxa were recorded for the first time from South Africa, while a number of species are given amended descriptions in the light of fresh information obtained concerning them. A few taxa (chiefly South African forms) have been united with previously described taxa. For the remainder of the taxa mentioned in the text, comments are passed with regard to their taxonomy and dimensions, based on facts gained through literature surveys and personal observations of the relevant taxa. As far as possible all taxa examined in Volume 1 are illustrated, and these illustrations are presented in Volume 3 of this study. Volume 2 deals with the ecology of the diatoms in the Sundays River. Special emphasis is laid on relating the composition of the diatom associations at the selected stations to the ambient salinity and ionic composition of the water. A new index, the Salinity Tolerance Index (STI), is proposed to summarize by means of a numerical value the information obtained from the analysis of a diatom association with respect to the character of the component taxa, and to indicate whether the association is derived from a freshwater, brackish water or marine source. The efficacy of the STI is evaluated in the text. The effect of the geological formations of the Sundays River valley and the underground waters emanating from them is discussed in the text. The consequences of a severe drought in the lower Sundays River, including hypersaline water in the upper estuary, on the diatom flora are also investigated.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
Censorship of the press in South Africa during the Angolan War: a case study of news manipulation and suppression
- Authors: Addison, Graeme
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Mass media -- Censorship -- South Africa Censorship -- South Africa Mass media -- Censorship -- South Africa Government and the press -- South Africa Freedom of the press -- South Africa Angola -- History -- Civil War, 1975-2002 Angola -- History -- South African Invasion, 1975-1976
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3495 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003058
- Description: During the Angolan War of 1975-6, whilst South African troops were actively engaged on the side of the Unita/FNLA alliance, news media in South Africa were prohibited from disclosing information about the country's role in the war. Under Section 118 of the Defence Amendment Act of 1967, no information about SA troop movements or plans could be published without the permission of the Minister of Defence or his nominees. This case study shows how the Government used the Defence Act to censor certain news while releasing other news which suited its political outlook and objectives. The study documents the history of the Defence Act and of the military-press liaison machinery which grew out of it. The introduction defines propaganda as a technique of ideological control designed to supplement the control of society by means of repression. The study sets in context the Government's propaganda strategy before, during and after the Angolan War, arguing that the structures of white domination, including the newspaper industry, are being drawn into the Government's scheme of total co-ordination to fight a total war.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Addison, Graeme
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Mass media -- Censorship -- South Africa Censorship -- South Africa Mass media -- Censorship -- South Africa Government and the press -- South Africa Freedom of the press -- South Africa Angola -- History -- Civil War, 1975-2002 Angola -- History -- South African Invasion, 1975-1976
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
- Identifier: vital:3495 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003058
- Description: During the Angolan War of 1975-6, whilst South African troops were actively engaged on the side of the Unita/FNLA alliance, news media in South Africa were prohibited from disclosing information about the country's role in the war. Under Section 118 of the Defence Amendment Act of 1967, no information about SA troop movements or plans could be published without the permission of the Minister of Defence or his nominees. This case study shows how the Government used the Defence Act to censor certain news while releasing other news which suited its political outlook and objectives. The study documents the history of the Defence Act and of the military-press liaison machinery which grew out of it. The introduction defines propaganda as a technique of ideological control designed to supplement the control of society by means of repression. The study sets in context the Government's propaganda strategy before, during and after the Angolan War, arguing that the structures of white domination, including the newspaper industry, are being drawn into the Government's scheme of total co-ordination to fight a total war.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
Creed
- St Georges Cathedral Choir, Dargie, Dave, Composer not specified
- Authors: St Georges Cathedral Choir , Dargie, Dave , Composer not specified
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Folk music , Sacred music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa South Africa Cape Town
- Language: English
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/409292 , vital:70575 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Dave Dargie Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , DDC112b-01
- Description: Missa Africana hymn performed in English accompanied by the drum.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: St Georges Cathedral Choir , Dargie, Dave , Composer not specified
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Folk music , Sacred music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa South Africa Cape Town
- Language: English
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/409292 , vital:70575 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Dave Dargie Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , DDC112b-01
- Description: Missa Africana hymn performed in English accompanied by the drum.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1982
Evaluation of Tucumania Tapiacola Dyar (Lepidoptera: Phycitidae) for biological control of jointed cactus in South Africa
- Authors: Hoffmann, John Hugh
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Phycitidae Cactus -- South Africa Weeds -- Biological control -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5634 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005316
- Description: Jointed cactus, 0puntia aurantiaca Lindley, remains a problem and continues to expand its range in South Africa, in spite of a mandatory herbicidal control. programme. The feasibility of biologically controlling the weed is being explored because the cost of herbicides has escalated and, if it succeeds, biological control is permanent self perpetuating and relatively cheap. This thesis describes the introduction and release in South Africa of the phycitid moth, Tucumania tapiacola Dyar, as a potential biocontrol agent against jointed cactus. A preliminary objective of the study was to resolve the taxonomic confusion within the genus Tucumania, so that the various populations of the moth from widespread localities and from different host plants could be identified. The efficiency of mass-producing T. tapiacola in the insectary was continually improved through investigations of the insects biology, and its response to various environmental parameters. Techniques were developed to manipulate the different life-stages of T. tapiacola so that every release was made with the maximum possible number of individuals, all in the same stage of development. Trials were made with various methods for transporting and releasing T. tapiacola in the field, and the most successful of these were employed during the establishment programme. In all, approximately 830 000 T. tapiacola eggs, larvae and adults have been released at seven localities in South Africa, between May 1977 and February 1982. So far, the moth has failed to establish for more than three to five generations at any release site, for reasons that were not immediately apparent. The mortality factors acting against the immature stages of T. tapiacola have been investigated and quantified. The accumulated data were used to construct partial-life-tables and survivorship curves. These show that survival of the eggs, larvae and pupae differed in shaded and exposed habitats, and on small, medium and large O. aurantiaca plants. The overall mortality suffered by the immature stages alone did not account for the establishment failure. Alternatively, genetic problems that are commonly associated with the collection, mass production and release of biocontrol agents may have been responsible for the failure. Methods of overcoming these problems during future releases are discussed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Hoffmann, John Hugh
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Phycitidae Cactus -- South Africa Weeds -- Biological control -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5634 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005316
- Description: Jointed cactus, 0puntia aurantiaca Lindley, remains a problem and continues to expand its range in South Africa, in spite of a mandatory herbicidal control. programme. The feasibility of biologically controlling the weed is being explored because the cost of herbicides has escalated and, if it succeeds, biological control is permanent self perpetuating and relatively cheap. This thesis describes the introduction and release in South Africa of the phycitid moth, Tucumania tapiacola Dyar, as a potential biocontrol agent against jointed cactus. A preliminary objective of the study was to resolve the taxonomic confusion within the genus Tucumania, so that the various populations of the moth from widespread localities and from different host plants could be identified. The efficiency of mass-producing T. tapiacola in the insectary was continually improved through investigations of the insects biology, and its response to various environmental parameters. Techniques were developed to manipulate the different life-stages of T. tapiacola so that every release was made with the maximum possible number of individuals, all in the same stage of development. Trials were made with various methods for transporting and releasing T. tapiacola in the field, and the most successful of these were employed during the establishment programme. In all, approximately 830 000 T. tapiacola eggs, larvae and adults have been released at seven localities in South Africa, between May 1977 and February 1982. So far, the moth has failed to establish for more than three to five generations at any release site, for reasons that were not immediately apparent. The mortality factors acting against the immature stages of T. tapiacola have been investigated and quantified. The accumulated data were used to construct partial-life-tables and survivorship curves. These show that survival of the eggs, larvae and pupae differed in shaded and exposed habitats, and on small, medium and large O. aurantiaca plants. The overall mortality suffered by the immature stages alone did not account for the establishment failure. Alternatively, genetic problems that are commonly associated with the collection, mass production and release of biocontrol agents may have been responsible for the failure. Methods of overcoming these problems during future releases are discussed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
Ficus sansibarica - Wild Fig
- Authors: Skead, C J (Cuthbert John)
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Ficus sansibarica -- South Africa -- Photographs , Trees -- South Africa -- Photographs
- Language: English
- Type: mixed material , photographs , landscape photographs
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/121627 , vital:35117
- Description: Caption "A Wild Fig tree growing out of the stone wall ruins of the fort at Kaffir Drift on the Great Fish River, Bathurst district, 1982. The site of the old fort is now a Police Station."
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Skead, C J (Cuthbert John)
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Ficus sansibarica -- South Africa -- Photographs , Trees -- South Africa -- Photographs
- Language: English
- Type: mixed material , photographs , landscape photographs
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/121627 , vital:35117
- Description: Caption "A Wild Fig tree growing out of the stone wall ruins of the fort at Kaffir Drift on the Great Fish River, Bathurst district, 1982. The site of the old fort is now a Police Station."
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1982
Geography in the South African curriculum in relation to developments in the teaching of the subject overseas
- Authors: Van der Merwe, Abel Jacobus
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Accounting -- Study and teaching (Higher) Geography -- Study and teaching (Secondary) -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1846 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004388
- Description: The mind and character of an individual can be fostered by the subjects which have proved themselves to be of value in improving the education of man, not only from scientific, but also from moral and aesthetic stand points. The question is whether or not geography as a subject fulfils this requirement. For this it must have a distinctiveness of aim and a limitation of content. Civilization today is passing through great crises. Wars, rumours of wars, cold wars, economic crises, exhaustion of natural resources etc. are reported daily in the newspapers. Education of a certain type is needed - an education which will develop in man a deep concern for the freedom and good life of his fellows, and some understarding of the major problems of the world and possible solutions. Man is no longer a unit of a small self-contained community, but has his responsibilities as a citizen, firstly of his own country and secondly of a world community. Upon his solutions to the problems of the world depend to some degree the progress and development of his town, country, of the world generally. Education therefore ought to train the child to take his place in the world, not only as a man, but as a citizen. Children must be taught to think and reason for themselves. Geography as a subject lends itself magnificently to the general education of men and the development of good citizens. Geography can help to teach pupils to understand and experience the adult world. South Africans are fortunate in that geography is a compulsory subject up to standard seven. In high school beyond this level it is not offered by all schools.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Van der Merwe, Abel Jacobus
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Accounting -- Study and teaching (Higher) Geography -- Study and teaching (Secondary) -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MEd
- Identifier: vital:1846 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004388
- Description: The mind and character of an individual can be fostered by the subjects which have proved themselves to be of value in improving the education of man, not only from scientific, but also from moral and aesthetic stand points. The question is whether or not geography as a subject fulfils this requirement. For this it must have a distinctiveness of aim and a limitation of content. Civilization today is passing through great crises. Wars, rumours of wars, cold wars, economic crises, exhaustion of natural resources etc. are reported daily in the newspapers. Education of a certain type is needed - an education which will develop in man a deep concern for the freedom and good life of his fellows, and some understarding of the major problems of the world and possible solutions. Man is no longer a unit of a small self-contained community, but has his responsibilities as a citizen, firstly of his own country and secondly of a world community. Upon his solutions to the problems of the world depend to some degree the progress and development of his town, country, of the world generally. Education therefore ought to train the child to take his place in the world, not only as a man, but as a citizen. Children must be taught to think and reason for themselves. Geography as a subject lends itself magnificently to the general education of men and the development of good citizens. Geography can help to teach pupils to understand and experience the adult world. South Africans are fortunate in that geography is a compulsory subject up to standard seven. In high school beyond this level it is not offered by all schools.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
Giving our gifts to God
- St Georges Cathedral Choir, Dargie, Dave, Composer not specified
- Authors: St Georges Cathedral Choir , Dargie, Dave , Composer not specified
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Folk music , Sacred music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa South Africa Cape Town
- Language: English
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/409330 , vital:70579 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Dave Dargie Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , DDC112b-03
- Description: Missa Africana hymn performed in English accompanied by the drum. Offertory song.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: St Georges Cathedral Choir , Dargie, Dave , Composer not specified
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Folk music , Sacred music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa South Africa Cape Town
- Language: English
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/409330 , vital:70579 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Dave Dargie Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , DDC112b-03
- Description: Missa Africana hymn performed in English accompanied by the drum. Offertory song.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1982
Great Amen
- St Georges Cathedral Choir, Dargie, Dave, Composer not specified
- Authors: St Georges Cathedral Choir , Dargie, Dave , Composer not specified
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Folk music , Sacred music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa South Africa Cape Town
- Language: English
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/409369 , vital:70583 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Dave Dargie Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , DDC112b-06
- Description: Missa Africana hymn, accompanied by the xylophone and drum.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: St Georges Cathedral Choir , Dargie, Dave , Composer not specified
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Folk music , Sacred music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa South Africa Cape Town
- Language: English
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/409369 , vital:70583 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Dave Dargie Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , DDC112b-06
- Description: Missa Africana hymn, accompanied by the xylophone and drum.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1982
Great Amen
- Church Choir, Composer not specified, Dargie, Dave
- Authors: Church Choir , Composer not specified , Dargie, Dave
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Folk music , Sacred music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Country not specified City not specified
- Language: English
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/409102 , vital:70555 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Dave Dargie Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , DDC111-08
- Description: Catholic mass in honour of St John Vianney, accompanied by the drum.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Church Choir , Composer not specified , Dargie, Dave
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Folk music , Sacred music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Country not specified City not specified
- Language: English
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/409102 , vital:70555 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Dave Dargie Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , DDC111-08
- Description: Catholic mass in honour of St John Vianney, accompanied by the drum.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1982
Happy is the man
- Church Choir, Composer not specified, Dargie, Dave
- Authors: Church Choir , Composer not specified , Dargie, Dave
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Folk music , Sacred music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Country not specified City not specified
- Language: English
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/408575 , vital:70505 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Dave Dargie Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , DDC111-01
- Description: Catholic mass in honour of St John Vianney, accompanied by the organ.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Church Choir , Composer not specified , Dargie, Dave
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Folk music , Sacred music , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Country not specified City not specified
- Language: English
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/408575 , vital:70505 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Dave Dargie Field Tapes, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , DDC111-01
- Description: Catholic mass in honour of St John Vianney, accompanied by the organ.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1982
In vitro-in vivo evaluation of a sustained release phenylpropanolamine oral dosage form
- Dowse, Roslind, Haigh, John M, Kanfer, Isadore
- Authors: Dowse, Roslind , Haigh, John M , Kanfer, Isadore
- Date: 1982
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6360 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006052
- Description: There is increasing interest in measuring pharmacokinetic parameters of phenylpropanolamine (PPA), a sympathomimetic amine used in over-the-counter nasal decongestants and anorectic formulations. A high pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC) procedure was developed to enable direct ultraviolet detection of PPA, after extraction from serum and urine, without prior derivatization of the drug. This method was used to assay samples obtained from a bioavailability study of BUBtained-releasePPA tablets. The mean serum and urine profiles obtained are presented. The sustained-release tablets were subjected to dissolution testing utilizing the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP XIX) rotating basket method. An internal standard was incorporated into the dissolution fluid to enable direct analysis of the samples by HPLC. A comparison of three different dissolution fluid regimens was carried out to determine if release of the drug was affected by the change in pH of the medium and to select the most convenient method for the final dissolution studies. Some preliminary observations relating to correlations between rate of drug release from the sustained-release dosage form and percent drug absorbed are presented.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Dowse, Roslind , Haigh, John M , Kanfer, Isadore
- Date: 1982
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6360 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006052
- Description: There is increasing interest in measuring pharmacokinetic parameters of phenylpropanolamine (PPA), a sympathomimetic amine used in over-the-counter nasal decongestants and anorectic formulations. A high pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC) procedure was developed to enable direct ultraviolet detection of PPA, after extraction from serum and urine, without prior derivatization of the drug. This method was used to assay samples obtained from a bioavailability study of BUBtained-releasePPA tablets. The mean serum and urine profiles obtained are presented. The sustained-release tablets were subjected to dissolution testing utilizing the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP XIX) rotating basket method. An internal standard was incorporated into the dissolution fluid to enable direct analysis of the samples by HPLC. A comparison of three different dissolution fluid regimens was carried out to determine if release of the drug was affected by the change in pH of the medium and to select the most convenient method for the final dissolution studies. Some preliminary observations relating to correlations between rate of drug release from the sustained-release dosage form and percent drug absorbed are presented.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
Investigations into the ecology of a population of Citrus Red Scale (Aonidiella aurantii Mask.) in the Swaziland lowlands
- Authors: Atkinson, P R
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Citrus -- Diseases and pests -- Africa, Southern
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5619 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003733
- Description: In the Swaziland lowlands, biological control of the citrus pest red scale, Aonidiella aurantii (Mask), has been consistently unsuccessful although it is successful in middle altitude regions. However, recent cases of resistance to organophosphate insecticides elsewhere in southern Africa, make it important to reconsider biological control of red scale in the lowlands. Should similar resistance be evolved in this region, the pest could be controlled only by natural means together with oils. This account attempts to answer questions about the natural control of a red scale population in the lowlands, by examining data collected between 1972 and 1975. The population was continuously breeding with overlapped generations. It consisted of three sections, on leaves, twigs and fruit, having different rates of reproduction, development and mortality. These sections are considered separately but that on leaves, being relatively unimportant, is largely ignored. The generation mortality is estimated in the sections on twigs and fruit and related to climatic and biotic indices. The causes of seasonal and between-years variation in the sections on twigs and fruit are elucidated. The effectiveness of each kind of natural enemy is examined and the factors affecting natural enemy numbers are investigated. The question of population regulation is discussed. Differences in mean infestation levels in middle altitude and lowland regions are explained in terms of different rates of reproduction and mortality.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Atkinson, P R
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Citrus -- Diseases and pests -- Africa, Southern
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:5619 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003733
- Description: In the Swaziland lowlands, biological control of the citrus pest red scale, Aonidiella aurantii (Mask), has been consistently unsuccessful although it is successful in middle altitude regions. However, recent cases of resistance to organophosphate insecticides elsewhere in southern Africa, make it important to reconsider biological control of red scale in the lowlands. Should similar resistance be evolved in this region, the pest could be controlled only by natural means together with oils. This account attempts to answer questions about the natural control of a red scale population in the lowlands, by examining data collected between 1972 and 1975. The population was continuously breeding with overlapped generations. It consisted of three sections, on leaves, twigs and fruit, having different rates of reproduction, development and mortality. These sections are considered separately but that on leaves, being relatively unimportant, is largely ignored. The generation mortality is estimated in the sections on twigs and fruit and related to climatic and biotic indices. The causes of seasonal and between-years variation in the sections on twigs and fruit are elucidated. The effectiveness of each kind of natural enemy is examined and the factors affecting natural enemy numbers are investigated. The question of population regulation is discussed. Differences in mean infestation levels in middle altitude and lowland regions are explained in terms of different rates of reproduction and mortality.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
Issues in Zulu relativization
- Authors: Poulos, George
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Zulu language -- Relative clauses
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3618 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006939
- Description: Zulu is a language of the Nguni group of the South-Eastern Zone of Bantu languages and is spoken by approximately 5 400 000 people. As far back as 1848, the Zulu language was investigated by a missionary of the American Board in Natal, James C. Bryant. In that year his ideas on the language were put on paper under the title, The Zulu Language, and this valuable contribution of some 13 pages was published in the following year in the Journal of the Oriental Society . Bryant's work heralded the beginning of a tradition of analysis in Zulu that was to capture the interest of a number of investigators over a period stretching up until the present day.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Poulos, George
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Zulu language -- Relative clauses
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3618 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006939
- Description: Zulu is a language of the Nguni group of the South-Eastern Zone of Bantu languages and is spoken by approximately 5 400 000 people. As far back as 1848, the Zulu language was investigated by a missionary of the American Board in Natal, James C. Bryant. In that year his ideas on the language were put on paper under the title, The Zulu Language, and this valuable contribution of some 13 pages was published in the following year in the Journal of the Oriental Society . Bryant's work heralded the beginning of a tradition of analysis in Zulu that was to capture the interest of a number of investigators over a period stretching up until the present day.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
Karoo basalts, South Africa: Petrogenesis and the nature of their mantle rocks
- Marsh, Julian S, Eales, Hugh V
- Authors: Marsh, Julian S , Eales, Hugh V
- Date: 1982
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/70141 , vital:29625
- Description: Outcrops of the Jurassic Karoo basalts and dolerites in central South Africa are remnants of a intracratonic continental igneous suite whose volume probably once exceeded 10 6km3.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Marsh, Julian S , Eales, Hugh V
- Date: 1982
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/70141 , vital:29625
- Description: Outcrops of the Jurassic Karoo basalts and dolerites in central South Africa are remnants of a intracratonic continental igneous suite whose volume probably once exceeded 10 6km3.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
Langkloof farmers' practices and attitudes regarding coloured and black farmworkers
- Bekker, S B, Humphries, Richard G, Meterlerkamp, D
- Authors: Bekker, S B , Humphries, Richard G , Meterlerkamp, D
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Africans -- Employment Colored people (South Africa) -- Employment Langkloof (South Africa) Farmers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Agricultural laborers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2238 , vital:20268 , ISBN 0868100919
- Description: This paper reports on an investigation of the effects of the policy of Coloured Labour Preference in a rural area of the Western Cape. This policy, which has been analysed more fully elsewhere1, aims to restrict the number of black employees in the Western Cape, the region within which the policy is applied, by granting Coloureds preferential access to urban and rural labour markets. The Langkloof is a valley in which modern mechanised agricultural techniques are employed to specialise in the production of deciduous fruit, apples in particular. Farms are owned by whites, and the majority of farm workers are (classified) Coloured. A substantial number of black farm workers are also employed. The Kloof is served by two good roads and a narrow gauge railway linking the villages of the Kloof to Port Elizabeth. The Langkloof, moreover, is situated close to the boundary of the Western Cape, and therefore close to the line demarcating the region within which the policy of Coloured Labour Preference is applied. The investigation, which was executed in late 1980, included a number of visits to the Langkloof, interviews with officials of the Departments of Agriculture and Manpower, and of the Eastern Cape Administration Board, as well as a survey of white farmers' attitudes and practices. This survey was designed to elicit information relevant to the rural labour situation in the Langkloof, and to identify differences in attitudes and practices with regard to Coloured and black farmworkers. The focus of the survey was on the eastern half of the valley, commonly known as the Middel- and Onder-Langkloof. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
- Authors: Bekker, S B , Humphries, Richard G , Meterlerkamp, D
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Africans -- Employment Colored people (South Africa) -- Employment Langkloof (South Africa) Farmers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape Agricultural laborers -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Book , Text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2238 , vital:20268 , ISBN 0868100919
- Description: This paper reports on an investigation of the effects of the policy of Coloured Labour Preference in a rural area of the Western Cape. This policy, which has been analysed more fully elsewhere1, aims to restrict the number of black employees in the Western Cape, the region within which the policy is applied, by granting Coloureds preferential access to urban and rural labour markets. The Langkloof is a valley in which modern mechanised agricultural techniques are employed to specialise in the production of deciduous fruit, apples in particular. Farms are owned by whites, and the majority of farm workers are (classified) Coloured. A substantial number of black farm workers are also employed. The Kloof is served by two good roads and a narrow gauge railway linking the villages of the Kloof to Port Elizabeth. The Langkloof, moreover, is situated close to the boundary of the Western Cape, and therefore close to the line demarcating the region within which the policy of Coloured Labour Preference is applied. The investigation, which was executed in late 1980, included a number of visits to the Langkloof, interviews with officials of the Departments of Agriculture and Manpower, and of the Eastern Cape Administration Board, as well as a survey of white farmers' attitudes and practices. This survey was designed to elicit information relevant to the rural labour situation in the Langkloof, and to identify differences in attitudes and practices with regard to Coloured and black farmworkers. The focus of the survey was on the eastern half of the valley, commonly known as the Middel- and Onder-Langkloof. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1982
Majority rule: some notes
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Government, Resistance to -- South Africa , National liberation movements -- South Africa , Teacher's League of South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/36472 , vital:33952 , Bulk file 7
- Description: Collection of articles reprinted from The Educational Journal
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1982
- Date: 1982
- Subjects: Government, Resistance to -- South Africa , National liberation movements -- South Africa , Teacher's League of South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: text , book
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/36472 , vital:33952 , Bulk file 7
- Description: Collection of articles reprinted from The Educational Journal
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1982