Resilience and sustainable reintegration of female survivors of human trafficking in Harare, Zimbabwe
- Authors: Kusemwa, Tapfumanei
- Date: 2024-11
- Subjects: Human trafficking victims -- Zimbabwe -- Harare , Psychic trauma -- Social aspects , Psychic trauma -- Law and legislation
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29695 , vital:78872
- Description: The study explored the resilience and sustainable reintegration of female survivors of human trafficking who were repatriated to into their original communities in Zimbabwe. To achieve its goals the study had three objectives and the goals were, a) explore the individual (intrinsic) factors that promote development of psychosocial long-term resilience traits among reintegrated female survivors of human trafficking; b) determine the available community level factors (including indigenous knowledge systems) that support and influence the successful sustainable reintegration of female survivors of human trafficking and, c) assess the extent to which predefined national level post traumatic support policies, action plans, and initiatives for survivors predict and promote sustainable resilience among reintegrated survivors. The exploration was guided by the Resilience Theory. This theory offers a useful lens through which the issue was studied within the qualitative research methodology. Semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, key informant interviews and observations were used to collect data. Twenty (20) survivors of trafficking were interviewed in addition ro twenty (20) survivors if human trafficking were interviewed for the study and divided as follows: ten (10) relatives and or acquaintances of the victims at community level, and ten (10) key informants drawn from technical persons in government and other independent organisations working in the areas of human trafficking. The victims of human trafficking were selected using the information power model while the key informants were selected using purposive sampling. Data gathered were analysed using the thematic analysis. Findings from the study indicate that resilience is a process rather than a fixed attribute of a given person. Some individuals show resilience across a wide range of circumstances and outcomes; however, it cannot be assumed that the same features and circumstances can be protective and lead to resilience in light of all risks faced during human trafficking. To survive and be able to continue with their lives and in the end realise sustainable livelihoods, there are intrinsic or individual factors that promote the development of psychosocial long-term resilience among survivors of human trafficking. The study recommends that there is need for more improved legislation and government led efforts in helping the survivors. This can be achieved through the adoption of a Trafficking in Persons Case Management System proposed in this study. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2025
- Full Text:
- Authors: Kusemwa, Tapfumanei
- Date: 2024-11
- Subjects: Human trafficking victims -- Zimbabwe -- Harare , Psychic trauma -- Social aspects , Psychic trauma -- Law and legislation
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29695 , vital:78872
- Description: The study explored the resilience and sustainable reintegration of female survivors of human trafficking who were repatriated to into their original communities in Zimbabwe. To achieve its goals the study had three objectives and the goals were, a) explore the individual (intrinsic) factors that promote development of psychosocial long-term resilience traits among reintegrated female survivors of human trafficking; b) determine the available community level factors (including indigenous knowledge systems) that support and influence the successful sustainable reintegration of female survivors of human trafficking and, c) assess the extent to which predefined national level post traumatic support policies, action plans, and initiatives for survivors predict and promote sustainable resilience among reintegrated survivors. The exploration was guided by the Resilience Theory. This theory offers a useful lens through which the issue was studied within the qualitative research methodology. Semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, key informant interviews and observations were used to collect data. Twenty (20) survivors of trafficking were interviewed in addition ro twenty (20) survivors if human trafficking were interviewed for the study and divided as follows: ten (10) relatives and or acquaintances of the victims at community level, and ten (10) key informants drawn from technical persons in government and other independent organisations working in the areas of human trafficking. The victims of human trafficking were selected using the information power model while the key informants were selected using purposive sampling. Data gathered were analysed using the thematic analysis. Findings from the study indicate that resilience is a process rather than a fixed attribute of a given person. Some individuals show resilience across a wide range of circumstances and outcomes; however, it cannot be assumed that the same features and circumstances can be protective and lead to resilience in light of all risks faced during human trafficking. To survive and be able to continue with their lives and in the end realise sustainable livelihoods, there are intrinsic or individual factors that promote the development of psychosocial long-term resilience among survivors of human trafficking. The study recommends that there is need for more improved legislation and government led efforts in helping the survivors. This can be achieved through the adoption of a Trafficking in Persons Case Management System proposed in this study. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2025
- Full Text:
Sustainable solid waste management in municipalities: experiences of selected settlements in Engcobo Local Municipality
- Nqwitha, Musa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1143-4149
- Authors: Nqwitha, Musa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1143-4149
- Date: 2024-10
- Subjects: Refuse and refuse disposal -- South Africa , Municipal government -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29521 , vital:77974
- Description: South Africa has a variety of regulations on the provision of solid waste management services in municipalities as a result of the apartheid legacy. Nonetheless, discrepancies in waste management services persist despite new laws, legislative reforms and strategies. Those who live in marginalised and impoverished communities are the most susceptible and severely affected by improper waste management. This demonstrates a lack of integrated and sustainable waste management systems. This study aims to recommend a sustainable solid waste management system in Engcobo Local Municipality. More specifically, this study provides a sustainable and long-term waste management system for municipal solid waste (MSW) management in South African municipalities. Improving municipal solid waste management is essential for integrated and long-term management efficiency. Effective MSW management is critical, given the high generation rate and the capacity to decrease environmental consequences, depletion and contamination. To address the research issues, the study used a qualitative case study research design and an inductive research technique based on naturalistic interpretive research philosophy. Data was gathered through focus group discussions, documents, and semi-structured interviews. Considering this study is based on the interpretivism paradigm and qualitative research technique, the researcher employed nonprobability sampling. The sample size was n=35 participants who participated in semistructured interviews and focus group discussions. Thematic data analysis was used to analyse the data. Findings revealed that there have been gains in the management of sustainable waste. The municipality is experimenting with novel approaches to deal with the problem of solid waste, particularly in remote locations where people's trash is difficult to pick up and collect. Residents' views toward waste management have changed since few individuals attend the ‘General Mbizo’ on waste where the municipality speaks with citizens about waste and the economic rewards associated with effective waste management. Though it was shown that some participants in focus groups still need more information on waste management, there is a need for thorough educational initiatives on sanitation management, not particularly waste but water, waste and sanitation. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2024
- Full Text:
- Authors: Nqwitha, Musa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1143-4149
- Date: 2024-10
- Subjects: Refuse and refuse disposal -- South Africa , Municipal government -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29521 , vital:77974
- Description: South Africa has a variety of regulations on the provision of solid waste management services in municipalities as a result of the apartheid legacy. Nonetheless, discrepancies in waste management services persist despite new laws, legislative reforms and strategies. Those who live in marginalised and impoverished communities are the most susceptible and severely affected by improper waste management. This demonstrates a lack of integrated and sustainable waste management systems. This study aims to recommend a sustainable solid waste management system in Engcobo Local Municipality. More specifically, this study provides a sustainable and long-term waste management system for municipal solid waste (MSW) management in South African municipalities. Improving municipal solid waste management is essential for integrated and long-term management efficiency. Effective MSW management is critical, given the high generation rate and the capacity to decrease environmental consequences, depletion and contamination. To address the research issues, the study used a qualitative case study research design and an inductive research technique based on naturalistic interpretive research philosophy. Data was gathered through focus group discussions, documents, and semi-structured interviews. Considering this study is based on the interpretivism paradigm and qualitative research technique, the researcher employed nonprobability sampling. The sample size was n=35 participants who participated in semistructured interviews and focus group discussions. Thematic data analysis was used to analyse the data. Findings revealed that there have been gains in the management of sustainable waste. The municipality is experimenting with novel approaches to deal with the problem of solid waste, particularly in remote locations where people's trash is difficult to pick up and collect. Residents' views toward waste management have changed since few individuals attend the ‘General Mbizo’ on waste where the municipality speaks with citizens about waste and the economic rewards associated with effective waste management. Though it was shown that some participants in focus groups still need more information on waste management, there is a need for thorough educational initiatives on sanitation management, not particularly waste but water, waste and sanitation. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2024
- Full Text:
Lived experiences of Gay traditional healers in the Amathole District Municipality
- Plaatjie, Nontsikelelo Margaret
- Authors: Plaatjie, Nontsikelelo Margaret
- Date: 2024-06
- Subjects: Healers -- South Africa , Gender identity -- South Africa , Ancestor worship --South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29089 , vital:76626
- Description: The primary goal of this study was to explore the lived experiences of gay traditional healers in the Amathole District Municipality. The study focused on traditional healers who are diviners and work as cause investigators (amagqirha emvumisa).The study used qualitative research methodology and employed Interpretative phenomenological analysis research design to examine the lived experiences of gay traditional diviners.This study was based on Cass’ identity formation theory as its overarching theoretical framework and specifically on sexual identity formation with a focus on LGBTQI plus. The sample consisted of five participants recruited through the snowball sampling technique. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews. The researcher was acquainted with three of the participants and each of them brought an interview-ready subject with them. All participants were gay traditional diviners with credentials and practice in their own settings. The analysis of the research study revealed that gay traditional healers experienced multifaceted aspects. These aspects includes those coming from social factors like family background. The findings indicated that factors such as parental neglect and lack of financial support for the training needs of gay traditional healers had a negative impact. However it became clear from the findings that negative attitudes starting from participants’s upbringing, training and practice caused confusion, sadness but ultimately self acceptance. Furthermore, the research study revealed a need for awareness campaigns on traditional healing, as well as on the choice of sexual orientation. Lack of knowledge of policies and laws concerning homosexuality and traditional healing revealed the amount of work that remains to be done in our society. The researcher recommends that for future studies, more research on legislation with regards to traditional healers and gay people be undertaken. Also the researcher recommends involvement traditional medical practitioner policy decision makers. , Thesis (MPsych) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2024
- Full Text:
- Authors: Plaatjie, Nontsikelelo Margaret
- Date: 2024-06
- Subjects: Healers -- South Africa , Gender identity -- South Africa , Ancestor worship --South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29089 , vital:76626
- Description: The primary goal of this study was to explore the lived experiences of gay traditional healers in the Amathole District Municipality. The study focused on traditional healers who are diviners and work as cause investigators (amagqirha emvumisa).The study used qualitative research methodology and employed Interpretative phenomenological analysis research design to examine the lived experiences of gay traditional diviners.This study was based on Cass’ identity formation theory as its overarching theoretical framework and specifically on sexual identity formation with a focus on LGBTQI plus. The sample consisted of five participants recruited through the snowball sampling technique. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews. The researcher was acquainted with three of the participants and each of them brought an interview-ready subject with them. All participants were gay traditional diviners with credentials and practice in their own settings. The analysis of the research study revealed that gay traditional healers experienced multifaceted aspects. These aspects includes those coming from social factors like family background. The findings indicated that factors such as parental neglect and lack of financial support for the training needs of gay traditional healers had a negative impact. However it became clear from the findings that negative attitudes starting from participants’s upbringing, training and practice caused confusion, sadness but ultimately self acceptance. Furthermore, the research study revealed a need for awareness campaigns on traditional healing, as well as on the choice of sexual orientation. Lack of knowledge of policies and laws concerning homosexuality and traditional healing revealed the amount of work that remains to be done in our society. The researcher recommends that for future studies, more research on legislation with regards to traditional healers and gay people be undertaken. Also the researcher recommends involvement traditional medical practitioner policy decision makers. , Thesis (MPsych) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2024
- Full Text:
The psychosocial experiences of adolescents living with absent fathers in selected schools in Keiskammahoek, Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Qengwa, Luvuyo https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2600-6473
- Authors: Qengwa, Luvuyo https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2600-6473
- Date: 2024-05
- Subjects: Social case work with teenagers -- Eastern Cape -- South Africa , Absentee fathers -- Eastern Cape -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29754 , vital:78909
- Description: Globally the majority of adolescents are living without their biological fathers and throughout the African continent South Africa appears as the country with a high percentage of absent fathers with Black adolescents being the most affected. The study demonstrated multiple aspects that resulted in fathers being absent and showed figures of absent fathers in different ethnic groups in South Africa. This investigation was designed to gain the psychosocial experiences of adolescents living with absent fathers in selected schools in Keiskammahoek Eastern Cape South Africa. A qualitative approach non probability and purposive sampling were employed. A total of 24 participants were selected which were 10 adolescent girls 10 adolescent boys and four social workers. Face to face and semi structured interviews were conducted for data collection from adolescents in different secondary schools and social workers from the Department of Social Development in Keiskammahoek. Thematic analysis was adopted to analyse acquired data from the adolescents and social workers. The findings revealed that the father s absence imposes several challenges on Adolescents however the social work interventions help to curb some of the challenges which include anti social behaviours in adolescents. Services such as PEIP ILP and Emotional support rendered by social workers play a huge role in adolescents living with absent fathers. It is recommended that families need to engage adolescents in open talks about their absent fatherhood while healthcare practitioners and social workers need to provide sex education to adolescents. The establishment of sports and recreation programmes in communities is necessary to decrease substance use and criminal behaviour in adolescents. The entire research was guided by the Attachment theory. , Thesis (MSci Soc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2024
- Full Text:
- Authors: Qengwa, Luvuyo https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2600-6473
- Date: 2024-05
- Subjects: Social case work with teenagers -- Eastern Cape -- South Africa , Absentee fathers -- Eastern Cape -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29754 , vital:78909
- Description: Globally the majority of adolescents are living without their biological fathers and throughout the African continent South Africa appears as the country with a high percentage of absent fathers with Black adolescents being the most affected. The study demonstrated multiple aspects that resulted in fathers being absent and showed figures of absent fathers in different ethnic groups in South Africa. This investigation was designed to gain the psychosocial experiences of adolescents living with absent fathers in selected schools in Keiskammahoek Eastern Cape South Africa. A qualitative approach non probability and purposive sampling were employed. A total of 24 participants were selected which were 10 adolescent girls 10 adolescent boys and four social workers. Face to face and semi structured interviews were conducted for data collection from adolescents in different secondary schools and social workers from the Department of Social Development in Keiskammahoek. Thematic analysis was adopted to analyse acquired data from the adolescents and social workers. The findings revealed that the father s absence imposes several challenges on Adolescents however the social work interventions help to curb some of the challenges which include anti social behaviours in adolescents. Services such as PEIP ILP and Emotional support rendered by social workers play a huge role in adolescents living with absent fathers. It is recommended that families need to engage adolescents in open talks about their absent fatherhood while healthcare practitioners and social workers need to provide sex education to adolescents. The establishment of sports and recreation programmes in communities is necessary to decrease substance use and criminal behaviour in adolescents. The entire research was guided by the Attachment theory. , Thesis (MSci Soc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2024
- Full Text:
Communal land use management and socio-spatial planning in Mooiplaas, South Africa
- Eglin, Ronald Arthur https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3983-709X
- Authors: Eglin, Ronald Arthur https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3983-709X
- Date: 2024-02
- Subjects: Land use -- Planning -- South Africa , Land use--Planning -- Law and legislation -- South Africa , Land use, Rural -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29684 , vital:78871
- Description: This study explores, for the first time in southern Africa, the possibility of using a pattern language as part of a more adaptive planning process where decisions to change land use are made by municipalities and communities taking into account the extent to which these decisions respond to the ever-changing context. The objective was firstly to identify what socio-spatial planning principles (presented as a patterns) the community use and would like to use to guide communal land use, secondly to evaluate how effective land use management has been in determining land use activities, and thirdly to explore how a pattern language could be used to guide land use change decisions. Using a qualitative research methodology, 67 semi-structured individual and key informant interviews as well as three focus group discussions were conducted in two villages within the Mooiplaas communal land area. The main findings indicate that the current informal procedures for managing land use change by the community’s leadership is increasingly ineffective in guiding land use decisions in ways that prioritise environmental protection and promote economic and social development. However, using visioning and needs analysis techniques, the study demonstrates that a community can develop a pattern language that reflects a comprehensive vision for their area. This pattern language can then be expressed as local spatial development principles in the municipality’s Spatial Development Framework. Additionally, as part of its Land Use Scheme regulations, the municipality can establish natural, intensive agricultural, and settlement overlay zones, overlaid on an underlining extensive agricultural base zone. Anyone wanting to use land for any purpose not provided for in these zones has to submit a land use change application and the authorising structures are required to use the local spatial development principles to help inform them as to whether to approve the application or not. The study advances a new understanding of the pattern language as an expression of a community’s vision for a particular area and demonstrates how a pattern language planning approach could work in a communal land area in South Africa within the context of existing spatial planning legislation. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2025
- Full Text:
- Authors: Eglin, Ronald Arthur https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3983-709X
- Date: 2024-02
- Subjects: Land use -- Planning -- South Africa , Land use--Planning -- Law and legislation -- South Africa , Land use, Rural -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29684 , vital:78871
- Description: This study explores, for the first time in southern Africa, the possibility of using a pattern language as part of a more adaptive planning process where decisions to change land use are made by municipalities and communities taking into account the extent to which these decisions respond to the ever-changing context. The objective was firstly to identify what socio-spatial planning principles (presented as a patterns) the community use and would like to use to guide communal land use, secondly to evaluate how effective land use management has been in determining land use activities, and thirdly to explore how a pattern language could be used to guide land use change decisions. Using a qualitative research methodology, 67 semi-structured individual and key informant interviews as well as three focus group discussions were conducted in two villages within the Mooiplaas communal land area. The main findings indicate that the current informal procedures for managing land use change by the community’s leadership is increasingly ineffective in guiding land use decisions in ways that prioritise environmental protection and promote economic and social development. However, using visioning and needs analysis techniques, the study demonstrates that a community can develop a pattern language that reflects a comprehensive vision for their area. This pattern language can then be expressed as local spatial development principles in the municipality’s Spatial Development Framework. Additionally, as part of its Land Use Scheme regulations, the municipality can establish natural, intensive agricultural, and settlement overlay zones, overlaid on an underlining extensive agricultural base zone. Anyone wanting to use land for any purpose not provided for in these zones has to submit a land use change application and the authorising structures are required to use the local spatial development principles to help inform them as to whether to approve the application or not. The study advances a new understanding of the pattern language as an expression of a community’s vision for a particular area and demonstrates how a pattern language planning approach could work in a communal land area in South Africa within the context of existing spatial planning legislation. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2025
- Full Text:
Parental influence on adolescents’ emotional intelligence: a systematic review
- Authors: Timms, Damian R
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: Emotional intelligence , Parent and child , Developmental therapy for children
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29728 , vital:78877
- Description: Emotional intelligence is a factor that may significantly determine the ease or difficulty experienced throughout one’s navigation of life. This study aimed to investigate the influence of various parental factors, the parent-child relationship, and parenting styles on the development of adolescent emotional intelligence. A systematic review was conducted of journal articles focusing on the parental influence on adolescent emotional intelligence. The articles were obtained from database searches and from perusing the intext references within the articles. Appropriate studies were identified using predetermined inclusion criteria and only those who met the inclusion criteria were included in the systematic review. This review found that parents significantly influence the development of their children’s emotional intelligence and that children’s emotional intelligence can be influenced by intervention strategies. The study further highlights the need for intervention aimed at either parents or their children. Interventions aimed at parents intend to improve the parentchild relationship and parenting style while interventions aimed at children can be implemented into the school curriculum, to enhance their emotional skills. Parental intervention can prevent lower levels of emotional intelligence in children, whereas interventions directed at children can increase their emotional intelligence. , Thesis (MSoc Sci -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2024
- Full Text:
- Authors: Timms, Damian R
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: Emotional intelligence , Parent and child , Developmental therapy for children
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29728 , vital:78877
- Description: Emotional intelligence is a factor that may significantly determine the ease or difficulty experienced throughout one’s navigation of life. This study aimed to investigate the influence of various parental factors, the parent-child relationship, and parenting styles on the development of adolescent emotional intelligence. A systematic review was conducted of journal articles focusing on the parental influence on adolescent emotional intelligence. The articles were obtained from database searches and from perusing the intext references within the articles. Appropriate studies were identified using predetermined inclusion criteria and only those who met the inclusion criteria were included in the systematic review. This review found that parents significantly influence the development of their children’s emotional intelligence and that children’s emotional intelligence can be influenced by intervention strategies. The study further highlights the need for intervention aimed at either parents or their children. Interventions aimed at parents intend to improve the parentchild relationship and parenting style while interventions aimed at children can be implemented into the school curriculum, to enhance their emotional skills. Parental intervention can prevent lower levels of emotional intelligence in children, whereas interventions directed at children can increase their emotional intelligence. , Thesis (MSoc Sci -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2024
- Full Text:
The rise of 'violent Non-State actors’ in South Africa: an analysis of the Taxi industry in the Eastern Cape Province
- Mato, Myalezo https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5905-5390
- Authors: Mato, Myalezo https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5905-5390
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: Taxicabs -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Transportation -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Taxicabs -- Government policy -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29717 , vital:78874
- Description: This study investigated the rise of ‘violent-non state actors’ in South Africa, with specific focus on the taxi industry in the Eastern Cape Province. Contemporary South Africa has been a playground for violent non-state actors often evidenced by sporadic service delivery protests and gun violence in public spaces. Many authors attribute these to the failure of the state to provide public services such as security, water, employment, etc. Amongst these non-state actors, are taxi associations called mother-bodies. The deregulation of the taxi industry by the then apartheid government in 1987 resulted in the exponential inflow of previously oppressed black people into the taxi industry, which had now become the most accessible form of informal business for previously disadvantaged people. This resulted in the formation of many mother-bodies that subsequently became ‘law unto themselves’ due to the absence of formal state regulation amongst other things. Since then, violent conflicts amongst these mother-bodies have become the order of the day. The study sought to determine the commuter’s perspectives about the taxi industry and violence in the Eastern Cape Province, to determine ways in which the taxi industry has challenged the monopoly of the state over the legitimate use of force and to explore the reasons why taxi violence has largely gone unchecked by the state. Part of the key findings of the study were that there is a general sense of fear and insecurity amongst commuters especially female commuters who use taxis. Various cases of sexual assault, intimidation and psychological traumas caused by exposure to violence amongst commuters have been reported. It has also been determined that in order to effectively challenge the monopoly of the state over the legitimate use force, some taxi operators have resorted to the use of self-created laws to intimidate their competitors, use of mafia-like tactics, extortion and coercion amongst other things in order to impose monopoly over some lucrative routes, individuals and associations. In resolving some of these challenges, the study inter alia recommends for the formalization of the taxi industry by government, which will result in the subsidisation of the industry. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2024
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mato, Myalezo https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5905-5390
- Date: 2024
- Subjects: Taxicabs -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Transportation -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Taxicabs -- Government policy -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29717 , vital:78874
- Description: This study investigated the rise of ‘violent-non state actors’ in South Africa, with specific focus on the taxi industry in the Eastern Cape Province. Contemporary South Africa has been a playground for violent non-state actors often evidenced by sporadic service delivery protests and gun violence in public spaces. Many authors attribute these to the failure of the state to provide public services such as security, water, employment, etc. Amongst these non-state actors, are taxi associations called mother-bodies. The deregulation of the taxi industry by the then apartheid government in 1987 resulted in the exponential inflow of previously oppressed black people into the taxi industry, which had now become the most accessible form of informal business for previously disadvantaged people. This resulted in the formation of many mother-bodies that subsequently became ‘law unto themselves’ due to the absence of formal state regulation amongst other things. Since then, violent conflicts amongst these mother-bodies have become the order of the day. The study sought to determine the commuter’s perspectives about the taxi industry and violence in the Eastern Cape Province, to determine ways in which the taxi industry has challenged the monopoly of the state over the legitimate use of force and to explore the reasons why taxi violence has largely gone unchecked by the state. Part of the key findings of the study were that there is a general sense of fear and insecurity amongst commuters especially female commuters who use taxis. Various cases of sexual assault, intimidation and psychological traumas caused by exposure to violence amongst commuters have been reported. It has also been determined that in order to effectively challenge the monopoly of the state over the legitimate use force, some taxi operators have resorted to the use of self-created laws to intimidate their competitors, use of mafia-like tactics, extortion and coercion amongst other things in order to impose monopoly over some lucrative routes, individuals and associations. In resolving some of these challenges, the study inter alia recommends for the formalization of the taxi industry by government, which will result in the subsidisation of the industry. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2024
- Full Text:
Communities and ‘protected places’: an examination of participatory conservation in the Addo Elephant Park
- Authors: Handi, Nontle
- Date: 2024-01
- Subjects: Conservation , Addo Elephant National Park (South Africa) , Wilderness areas
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29768 , vital:78911
- Description: Despite South African governments and institutional players push for local populations to contribute to environmental issues which is typically achieved through programs such as community based natural resource management CBNRM the feasibility of this push remains in doubt. Nonetheless even if there are supportive structures for community based natural resources one of the issues with many emerging environmental concerns in South Africa is that some of the challenges faced are of national scope. For example issues such as soil erosion water pollution deforestation and contamination of ground water systems are so widespread that local solutions based on community participation cannot adequately address these challenges. The primary goal of this research was to investigate community based environmental conservation within protected areas and how it affects the livelihoods of communities near Addo Elephant Park. The study had four objectives examine the nature of local participation in environmental conservation around Addo Elephant Park determine the extent to which local communities around Addo Elephant Park are capacitated to engage in community based environmental conservation determine the effects of local participation in environmental conservation on the livelihoods of communities around Addo Elephant Park and investigate policy options. FGDs and in depth interviews were used to collect data from local community members ward councillors traditional leaders traditional healers park manager and government officials. The study used a qualitative approach to data collection and analysis. It should be noted that the data was analyzed using thematic analyses. According to the findings of the study local communities engage in participatory conservation through CBNRM government programs and isolated individual participation. The study also discovered that through Integrated Environmental Management IEM local x communities are equipped to engage in community based environmental conservation. The study also concluded that the effects of local participation in environmental conservation on livelihoods include increased community and household income educational enhancement community health and environmental sustainability. Finally the study made two policy recommendations to improve community environment conservation in Addo Elephant Park implement sustainable land use policies and promote the use of renewable energy sources. The framework for sustainable livelihoods served as the studys foundation. , Thesis (MSoc Sci) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2024
- Full Text:
- Authors: Handi, Nontle
- Date: 2024-01
- Subjects: Conservation , Addo Elephant National Park (South Africa) , Wilderness areas
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29768 , vital:78911
- Description: Despite South African governments and institutional players push for local populations to contribute to environmental issues which is typically achieved through programs such as community based natural resource management CBNRM the feasibility of this push remains in doubt. Nonetheless even if there are supportive structures for community based natural resources one of the issues with many emerging environmental concerns in South Africa is that some of the challenges faced are of national scope. For example issues such as soil erosion water pollution deforestation and contamination of ground water systems are so widespread that local solutions based on community participation cannot adequately address these challenges. The primary goal of this research was to investigate community based environmental conservation within protected areas and how it affects the livelihoods of communities near Addo Elephant Park. The study had four objectives examine the nature of local participation in environmental conservation around Addo Elephant Park determine the extent to which local communities around Addo Elephant Park are capacitated to engage in community based environmental conservation determine the effects of local participation in environmental conservation on the livelihoods of communities around Addo Elephant Park and investigate policy options. FGDs and in depth interviews were used to collect data from local community members ward councillors traditional leaders traditional healers park manager and government officials. The study used a qualitative approach to data collection and analysis. It should be noted that the data was analyzed using thematic analyses. According to the findings of the study local communities engage in participatory conservation through CBNRM government programs and isolated individual participation. The study also discovered that through Integrated Environmental Management IEM local x communities are equipped to engage in community based environmental conservation. The study also concluded that the effects of local participation in environmental conservation on livelihoods include increased community and household income educational enhancement community health and environmental sustainability. Finally the study made two policy recommendations to improve community environment conservation in Addo Elephant Park implement sustainable land use policies and promote the use of renewable energy sources. The framework for sustainable livelihoods served as the studys foundation. , Thesis (MSoc Sci) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2024
- Full Text:
Exploring the social construction of masculine identity as it relates to rape in the Buffalo City Municipality
- Matshikwe, Noluthando https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0439-0766
- Authors: Matshikwe, Noluthando https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0439-0766
- Date: 2024-01
- Subjects: Masculinity , Gender identity , Sex role
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/28595 , vital:74454
- Description: In South Africa, rape is a pandemic that is persistent and pervasive in unprecedented amounts. The construction of masculinity is understood to be a contributing factor to the rape pandemic in the country, as its construction focuses on power, dominance, and control of the less masculine individual. This study explored the social construction of masculine identity related to rape in the Buffalo City Municipality. The study sample consisted of a mixed-gendered focus group interview of eight participants (four males and four females). In addition, the study utilised six individual virtual interviews (three males and three females) who were all students at a local university. When analysing the data received from the participants, the study adopted Willig’s six stages of Foucauldian discourse analysis outlined in her book “Introducing Qualitative Research in Psychology” (2008, p. 118). The Foucauldian discourse analysis utilised in this study allowed for answering research questions through direct analysis of the extracts selected for this study. The results of this study indicated that masculinity is a socially constructed phenomenon synonymous with dominance and power. Hegemonic masculinity was constructed as synonymous with manhood, resulting in an individual being entitled to social privileges. Subordinate subjects were constructed as vulnerable to the expression of these qualities by being dominated, controlled, and raped. This construction of masculinity continues to construct robust and powerless subjects, where the powerless subject is subjected to the hegemonic male power, dominance, and control, creating an imbalance of social power and an unjust social hierarchy of. The construction of masculinity is linked with the rape pandemic faced by the country, as it constructs hegemonic forms of masculinity associated with domination and violation of other members of society, through sexual assault. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2024
- Full Text:
- Authors: Matshikwe, Noluthando https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0439-0766
- Date: 2024-01
- Subjects: Masculinity , Gender identity , Sex role
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/28595 , vital:74454
- Description: In South Africa, rape is a pandemic that is persistent and pervasive in unprecedented amounts. The construction of masculinity is understood to be a contributing factor to the rape pandemic in the country, as its construction focuses on power, dominance, and control of the less masculine individual. This study explored the social construction of masculine identity related to rape in the Buffalo City Municipality. The study sample consisted of a mixed-gendered focus group interview of eight participants (four males and four females). In addition, the study utilised six individual virtual interviews (three males and three females) who were all students at a local university. When analysing the data received from the participants, the study adopted Willig’s six stages of Foucauldian discourse analysis outlined in her book “Introducing Qualitative Research in Psychology” (2008, p. 118). The Foucauldian discourse analysis utilised in this study allowed for answering research questions through direct analysis of the extracts selected for this study. The results of this study indicated that masculinity is a socially constructed phenomenon synonymous with dominance and power. Hegemonic masculinity was constructed as synonymous with manhood, resulting in an individual being entitled to social privileges. Subordinate subjects were constructed as vulnerable to the expression of these qualities by being dominated, controlled, and raped. This construction of masculinity continues to construct robust and powerless subjects, where the powerless subject is subjected to the hegemonic male power, dominance, and control, creating an imbalance of social power and an unjust social hierarchy of. The construction of masculinity is linked with the rape pandemic faced by the country, as it constructs hegemonic forms of masculinity associated with domination and violation of other members of society, through sexual assault. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2024
- Full Text:
Implementation of the national diploma in tourism and hospitality management curriculum in two polytechnic colleges in Zimbabwe
- Ngwenya, Khanyisani https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0543-4671
- Authors: Ngwenya, Khanyisani https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0543-4671
- Date: 2024-01
- Subjects: Hospitality industry -- Vocational guidance , Tourism -- Vocational guidance
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/28287 , vital:74165
- Description: Many countries in the world consider the tourism and hospitality industry as the leading employer with huge impact on economic growth. It has significantly contributed to their national Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Several studies conducted world over affirm that tourism contributes above the global average of ten percent. In Zimbabwe, the estimated percentage has also been as high as 10percent. The Tourism and Hospitality Management (THM) program aims to equip youth with critical industry-specific skills and mitigate unemployment. Despite this, literature has revealed that certain graduates struggle to secure industry positions due to a discrepancy between acquired skills and employer expectations. Consequently, some graduates accept menial roles outside the tourism sector, while the industry itself resorts to employing unqualified personnel. The reason lies in ineffective curriculum implementation approaches characterized by a lack of appropriate pedagogical methods. Identifying and implementing effective strategies ensures that graduates possess the requisite skills and competencies demanded by the industry, making their employability much easier. This study used a qualitative approach because of its exploratory, descriptive, and contextual nature. The interpretive paradigm provided participants’ views, opinions, and thoughts on the THM curriculum implementation. The multiple case study research design allowed ample freedom to dig deeper into rich empirical data by examining contemporary trends in implementing the ND3 in THM curriculum at two polytechnic colleges. Non-probability convenience sampling was used to select the two polytechnic colleges. Purposive sampling was used to select twelve (12) students, six (6) lecturers, and two (2) ITTD inspectors. Lecturers and inspectors were interviewed. Data from students was obtained through Focus group discussions. Curriculum documents were reviewed to provide true realities of the THM curriculum implementation. Content analysis was used to analyse data. Rogan and Grayson (2003) curriculum implementation theoretical framework guided the study. The study revealed that lecturers were dissatisfied due to inappropriate pedagogical strategies. A new model to bridge the theory/ practice gap in teaching was developed. The study recommended the adoption of a new and modern teaching model and fix the recruitment process by employing qualified lecturers to teach ND3 in THM students. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Education, 2024
- Full Text:
- Authors: Ngwenya, Khanyisani https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0543-4671
- Date: 2024-01
- Subjects: Hospitality industry -- Vocational guidance , Tourism -- Vocational guidance
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/28287 , vital:74165
- Description: Many countries in the world consider the tourism and hospitality industry as the leading employer with huge impact on economic growth. It has significantly contributed to their national Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Several studies conducted world over affirm that tourism contributes above the global average of ten percent. In Zimbabwe, the estimated percentage has also been as high as 10percent. The Tourism and Hospitality Management (THM) program aims to equip youth with critical industry-specific skills and mitigate unemployment. Despite this, literature has revealed that certain graduates struggle to secure industry positions due to a discrepancy between acquired skills and employer expectations. Consequently, some graduates accept menial roles outside the tourism sector, while the industry itself resorts to employing unqualified personnel. The reason lies in ineffective curriculum implementation approaches characterized by a lack of appropriate pedagogical methods. Identifying and implementing effective strategies ensures that graduates possess the requisite skills and competencies demanded by the industry, making their employability much easier. This study used a qualitative approach because of its exploratory, descriptive, and contextual nature. The interpretive paradigm provided participants’ views, opinions, and thoughts on the THM curriculum implementation. The multiple case study research design allowed ample freedom to dig deeper into rich empirical data by examining contemporary trends in implementing the ND3 in THM curriculum at two polytechnic colleges. Non-probability convenience sampling was used to select the two polytechnic colleges. Purposive sampling was used to select twelve (12) students, six (6) lecturers, and two (2) ITTD inspectors. Lecturers and inspectors were interviewed. Data from students was obtained through Focus group discussions. Curriculum documents were reviewed to provide true realities of the THM curriculum implementation. Content analysis was used to analyse data. Rogan and Grayson (2003) curriculum implementation theoretical framework guided the study. The study revealed that lecturers were dissatisfied due to inappropriate pedagogical strategies. A new model to bridge the theory/ practice gap in teaching was developed. The study recommended the adoption of a new and modern teaching model and fix the recruitment process by employing qualified lecturers to teach ND3 in THM students. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Education, 2024
- Full Text:
Rationalisation of magisterial districts to transform the judiciary and widen access to justice under the RSA constitution of 1996
- Authors: Skosana, Jacob
- Date: 2024-01
- Subjects: Justice, Administration of , Law and socialism , Human rights -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/28162 , vital:72777
- Description: The study examines how pre-1994 magisterial districts jurisdictions denied access to justice to many South Africans, and ongoing efforts to reverse this injustice. Delayed rationalisation of the judiciary and reform of the courts territorial jurisdiction during the apartheid era exacerbated the problem. The courts administered justice along spatial racial divide, and given the location of the courts, many black communities had to commute long distances to access justice and at a great cost and inconvenience. The Constitution of South Africa of 1996 provides not only for the right to equality before the law and equal protection and benefit of the law but also the right to access the courts and seek recourse. In a period spanning eight years from December 2014, new magisterial districts were proclaimed in all the nine provinces of South Africa. Despite this milestone and the imperative of the 1996 Constitution, the rationalisation process is still in its infancy: old legislation and judicial structures remain intact; divisions of the High Court continue to exercise jurisdictions determined for the pre-1994 constitutional dispensation. The status quo continues to perpetuate the denial of access to justice to communities especially those living in areas that hitherto formed part of the former homelands and self-governing ‘states’. The study was conducted through a desktop survey of primary and secondary material relevant to the rationalisation process. It drew lessons from the re-demarcation of municipal boundaries which, like magisterial districts, were based on racial laws and policies of the past. It also contrasted rationalisation principles in comparable jurisdictions. The findings provide a useful contribution to the ongoing effort to effect rationalisation of the court system. They also contribute to knowledge and enriches our understanding of the relationship that underpins the administration of justice in a dispensation driven by democratic, human rights and constitutional ethos. , Thesis (PhD (LLD)) -- Faculty of Law, 2024
- Full Text:
- Authors: Skosana, Jacob
- Date: 2024-01
- Subjects: Justice, Administration of , Law and socialism , Human rights -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/28162 , vital:72777
- Description: The study examines how pre-1994 magisterial districts jurisdictions denied access to justice to many South Africans, and ongoing efforts to reverse this injustice. Delayed rationalisation of the judiciary and reform of the courts territorial jurisdiction during the apartheid era exacerbated the problem. The courts administered justice along spatial racial divide, and given the location of the courts, many black communities had to commute long distances to access justice and at a great cost and inconvenience. The Constitution of South Africa of 1996 provides not only for the right to equality before the law and equal protection and benefit of the law but also the right to access the courts and seek recourse. In a period spanning eight years from December 2014, new magisterial districts were proclaimed in all the nine provinces of South Africa. Despite this milestone and the imperative of the 1996 Constitution, the rationalisation process is still in its infancy: old legislation and judicial structures remain intact; divisions of the High Court continue to exercise jurisdictions determined for the pre-1994 constitutional dispensation. The status quo continues to perpetuate the denial of access to justice to communities especially those living in areas that hitherto formed part of the former homelands and self-governing ‘states’. The study was conducted through a desktop survey of primary and secondary material relevant to the rationalisation process. It drew lessons from the re-demarcation of municipal boundaries which, like magisterial districts, were based on racial laws and policies of the past. It also contrasted rationalisation principles in comparable jurisdictions. The findings provide a useful contribution to the ongoing effort to effect rationalisation of the court system. They also contribute to knowledge and enriches our understanding of the relationship that underpins the administration of justice in a dispensation driven by democratic, human rights and constitutional ethos. , Thesis (PhD (LLD)) -- Faculty of Law, 2024
- Full Text:
The paradox of professional social work service delivery in a resource deprived environment: a critical assessment of the factors that promote or impede the implementation of the Batho Pele principles in Buffalo City Municipality
- Mdlankomo, Andiswa Pamella Bo
- Authors: Mdlankomo, Andiswa Pamella Bo
- Date: 2024-01
- Subjects: Social service -- Government policy -- Buffalo City Municipality , Social service -- Societies, etc. , Human services -- Buffalo City Municipality
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29662 , vital:78869
- Description: Like all civil servants, social work professionals are mandated by the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa to provide a high quality service standard to the citizens following the guidelines of the Batho Pele principles. Further, social work professionals are required to adhere to the ethical standards and guidelines stemming from community values. This study explores service delivery issues in a resource deprived environment using Moyo’s (2020) conceptual framework of power analysis, arguing for an understanding of the socio-political processes and social-political infrastructure of societies to advance the quality of life. Moyo (2020) asserts that social workers must understand the context of power in societies, as power is sustained through beliefs, values and attitudes that operate at a personal level, interpersonal, institutional and cultural levels and how social workers use power as agency for change. Using this conceptual method of seeing the use of power at an intrapersonal, interpersonally, institutional and cultural level, this study seeks to understand the roles and experiences of social work professional’s efforts in service delivery by critically assessing the factors that promote or impede the implementation of the Batho Pele principles in Buffalo City using a social work lens. The study highlights the importance of social work a profession in the context of service delivery discourse. Whilst service delivery has always centred on the issue of water and other social amenities, the main question for this study is: how do social workers deal with service delivery issues especially in a resource deprived environment? More so, the study highlights the paradox of social work service delivery at micro-, mezzo and macro levels by drawing the reader to the different approaches in social work. Furthermore, the study’s literature critically shows that the adoption of the Batho Pele by the government of South Africa was to herald a new era in the service delivery especially given the historical nature of inequities in service delivery during apartheid. However, given the lopsided resource environment, the paradoxes emerge in service delivery where on one hand social workers try to balance the address of needs of the clients and citizens as outlined in the Batho Pele principles, while also, trying to adhere to resource shortages and the requirements of their agencies. Such a paradox does not only highlight the demanding nature of the profession of social work as the literature shows but also shows the nature of environment that social workers have to contend with to advance services and improve quality of life. Social work is highly affected by the political, economic and social conditions prevailing in a country and some problems require a political and economic approach. The empowerment,resilience and social development theories were used in the study and were extended to the discussion and interpretation of findings. The study used the empowerment theory at intrapersonal level of social work, resilience theory at interpersonal level, and social development approach at institutional level and at cultural level used analysis of power. The study utilised a qualitative methodology through the adoption of the interpretive paradigm. Interviews were conducted using an interview guide. Fifteen social workers participated in the study and were selected using the purposive sampling procedure. Data analysis was done using content thematic analysis. The study’s findings indicate that few of the interviewed participants are aware of the existence of Batho Pele and out of fifteen, nine participants also indicated that they did not understand all of the principles. More so, because of lack of resources to support Batho Pele, participants reported a discharge of their duties, which reflects poorly on the BathoPele. In other words the shortage of resources reflects negatively on participants and it would appear as if they do not adhere to the principles of Batho Pele. Moreover, the study findings also show that there is political interference in service delivery and this disturbs the flow of work by social workers. The study recommends that there should be a reorientation of the public service, including social workers in South Africa so that it reflects the needs of the people. Further, a relook at the fiscal policy so that the public service can be retooled since it lacks resources which in end affects the majority of the people. There is also need to revisit the social policy and capacitate the department of social development so that it carries out its activities. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2025
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mdlankomo, Andiswa Pamella Bo
- Date: 2024-01
- Subjects: Social service -- Government policy -- Buffalo City Municipality , Social service -- Societies, etc. , Human services -- Buffalo City Municipality
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29662 , vital:78869
- Description: Like all civil servants, social work professionals are mandated by the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa to provide a high quality service standard to the citizens following the guidelines of the Batho Pele principles. Further, social work professionals are required to adhere to the ethical standards and guidelines stemming from community values. This study explores service delivery issues in a resource deprived environment using Moyo’s (2020) conceptual framework of power analysis, arguing for an understanding of the socio-political processes and social-political infrastructure of societies to advance the quality of life. Moyo (2020) asserts that social workers must understand the context of power in societies, as power is sustained through beliefs, values and attitudes that operate at a personal level, interpersonal, institutional and cultural levels and how social workers use power as agency for change. Using this conceptual method of seeing the use of power at an intrapersonal, interpersonally, institutional and cultural level, this study seeks to understand the roles and experiences of social work professional’s efforts in service delivery by critically assessing the factors that promote or impede the implementation of the Batho Pele principles in Buffalo City using a social work lens. The study highlights the importance of social work a profession in the context of service delivery discourse. Whilst service delivery has always centred on the issue of water and other social amenities, the main question for this study is: how do social workers deal with service delivery issues especially in a resource deprived environment? More so, the study highlights the paradox of social work service delivery at micro-, mezzo and macro levels by drawing the reader to the different approaches in social work. Furthermore, the study’s literature critically shows that the adoption of the Batho Pele by the government of South Africa was to herald a new era in the service delivery especially given the historical nature of inequities in service delivery during apartheid. However, given the lopsided resource environment, the paradoxes emerge in service delivery where on one hand social workers try to balance the address of needs of the clients and citizens as outlined in the Batho Pele principles, while also, trying to adhere to resource shortages and the requirements of their agencies. Such a paradox does not only highlight the demanding nature of the profession of social work as the literature shows but also shows the nature of environment that social workers have to contend with to advance services and improve quality of life. Social work is highly affected by the political, economic and social conditions prevailing in a country and some problems require a political and economic approach. The empowerment,resilience and social development theories were used in the study and were extended to the discussion and interpretation of findings. The study used the empowerment theory at intrapersonal level of social work, resilience theory at interpersonal level, and social development approach at institutional level and at cultural level used analysis of power. The study utilised a qualitative methodology through the adoption of the interpretive paradigm. Interviews were conducted using an interview guide. Fifteen social workers participated in the study and were selected using the purposive sampling procedure. Data analysis was done using content thematic analysis. The study’s findings indicate that few of the interviewed participants are aware of the existence of Batho Pele and out of fifteen, nine participants also indicated that they did not understand all of the principles. More so, because of lack of resources to support Batho Pele, participants reported a discharge of their duties, which reflects poorly on the BathoPele. In other words the shortage of resources reflects negatively on participants and it would appear as if they do not adhere to the principles of Batho Pele. Moreover, the study findings also show that there is political interference in service delivery and this disturbs the flow of work by social workers. The study recommends that there should be a reorientation of the public service, including social workers in South Africa so that it reflects the needs of the people. Further, a relook at the fiscal policy so that the public service can be retooled since it lacks resources which in end affects the majority of the people. There is also need to revisit the social policy and capacitate the department of social development so that it carries out its activities. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2025
- Full Text:
Strategies used by the female principals to manage learner discipline in selected primary schools in the Buffalo City Education District
- Authors: Manyika, T
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: Women school principals , Complex organizations , School management and organization -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/28277 , vital:74098
- Description: School safety is regarded as one of the key drivers of quality teaching and learning. There is however evidence that schools worldwide experience violence and learner disruptive behaviours. The South African education system is amongst other areas, focusing on gender equity in leadership and management positions. Hence this paper explored the strategies used by female principals to manage learner discipline in selected primary schools in the Buffalo City Education District. The Complexity Leadership Theory underpinned the study in conjunction with the Intersectionality theory. Complexity Leadership Theory emphasises the identification and exploration of strategies and behaviour that nurture creativity, learning, and adaptability in the organisation. Data were collected from fourteen participants ranging from female principals, HOD and Vice Principals. Interpretive qualitative and descriptive case study design was used. Data were collected through the use of one-on-one semi-structured interviews, and document review was the second research instrument used in this study. Thematic analysis was used to analyse data and all ethical issues were observed. The participation of participants was voluntary, and anonymity was guaranteed. Some of the major findings were the participants’ use of their gender (female) as a resource in administering discipline, and their awareness and consciousness of the vulnerability of the school context. Parental involvement, community involvement and closed-circuit television (CCTV) camera systems aided the participants in maintaining learner discipline. Rewarding learners for good behaviour or good work habits (behaviourism) was discouraged due to its inability to intrinsically motivate learners to behave and accomplish goals. Instead, it was reported to be a form of a bribery system which teaches learners to work hard to receive something. The findings suggested that tertiary institutions introduce mandatory counselling courses to equip prospective teachers with necessary skills to effectively deal with issues of learner discipline in schools. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, 2023
- Full Text:
- Authors: Manyika, T
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: Women school principals , Complex organizations , School management and organization -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/28277 , vital:74098
- Description: School safety is regarded as one of the key drivers of quality teaching and learning. There is however evidence that schools worldwide experience violence and learner disruptive behaviours. The South African education system is amongst other areas, focusing on gender equity in leadership and management positions. Hence this paper explored the strategies used by female principals to manage learner discipline in selected primary schools in the Buffalo City Education District. The Complexity Leadership Theory underpinned the study in conjunction with the Intersectionality theory. Complexity Leadership Theory emphasises the identification and exploration of strategies and behaviour that nurture creativity, learning, and adaptability in the organisation. Data were collected from fourteen participants ranging from female principals, HOD and Vice Principals. Interpretive qualitative and descriptive case study design was used. Data were collected through the use of one-on-one semi-structured interviews, and document review was the second research instrument used in this study. Thematic analysis was used to analyse data and all ethical issues were observed. The participation of participants was voluntary, and anonymity was guaranteed. Some of the major findings were the participants’ use of their gender (female) as a resource in administering discipline, and their awareness and consciousness of the vulnerability of the school context. Parental involvement, community involvement and closed-circuit television (CCTV) camera systems aided the participants in maintaining learner discipline. Rewarding learners for good behaviour or good work habits (behaviourism) was discouraged due to its inability to intrinsically motivate learners to behave and accomplish goals. Instead, it was reported to be a form of a bribery system which teaches learners to work hard to receive something. The findings suggested that tertiary institutions introduce mandatory counselling courses to equip prospective teachers with necessary skills to effectively deal with issues of learner discipline in schools. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, 2023
- Full Text:
The effect of entrepreneurial competencies on the performance of small micro and medium enterprises in or Tambo District, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Senzeni, Phumlani
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: New business enterprises -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Small business -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Performance -- Management
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/28960 , vital:75577
- Description: The Small Micro and Medium Enterprises (SMMEs) remain the key competitor in the development of the economy growth of the country. The SMME sector is the key driver to the national economy of countries, as it creates job opportunities, reduce poverty, supports household income, and improve the people’s standard of living. However, the rate at which SMMEs fail to succeed results in non-performance and business closure, and this is alarming and require attention. The reasons for this failure can emanate from a number of reasons, such as lack of entrepreneurial competencies, managerial skills, lack of intellectual personnel, low entrepreneurial culture and obstacles that hinder access to resources and market. Therefore, in this study the researcher examined the effect of entrepreneurial competencies on the performance of SMMEs in OR Tambo District, Eastern Cape. The researcher adopted quantitative research approach. The research data was collected using Google Forms survey method. The emails containing the link to access the instrument were sent to a sample of 399 SMMEs in the OR Tambo District. The response rate of 74%, which is 294 was attained. Thus, the findings of the study discovered that entrepreneurial competencies have significant effect on the performance of SMMEs. The study further found that entrepreneurial competencies “opportunity recognition, creative-problem solving, resource leveraging, and business networking” had a low degree of association with business performance although they are statistically significant to business performance. The self-efficacy was found with a high degree of association with business performance and statistically significant with the achievement of positive beta and low p-value which indicated a strong association to performance. The study made conclusions that entrepreneurial competencies have positive effect on the performance of SMMEs. Therefore, it was concluded that performing and successful SMMEs in the regions means employment opportunities in the country because they require human resources to do operational services and render services. The government and policymakers are encouraged to work together to form and strengthen development programs to assist SMMEs to grow the production capacity, operations and become productive. The SMMEs owners/managers and practitioners on skills development are encouraged to relook and strengthen entrepreneurial competencies that contribute to productivity and performance. , Thesis (DBA) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2023
- Full Text:
- Authors: Senzeni, Phumlani
- Date: 2023-12
- Subjects: New business enterprises -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Small business -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Performance -- Management
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/28960 , vital:75577
- Description: The Small Micro and Medium Enterprises (SMMEs) remain the key competitor in the development of the economy growth of the country. The SMME sector is the key driver to the national economy of countries, as it creates job opportunities, reduce poverty, supports household income, and improve the people’s standard of living. However, the rate at which SMMEs fail to succeed results in non-performance and business closure, and this is alarming and require attention. The reasons for this failure can emanate from a number of reasons, such as lack of entrepreneurial competencies, managerial skills, lack of intellectual personnel, low entrepreneurial culture and obstacles that hinder access to resources and market. Therefore, in this study the researcher examined the effect of entrepreneurial competencies on the performance of SMMEs in OR Tambo District, Eastern Cape. The researcher adopted quantitative research approach. The research data was collected using Google Forms survey method. The emails containing the link to access the instrument were sent to a sample of 399 SMMEs in the OR Tambo District. The response rate of 74%, which is 294 was attained. Thus, the findings of the study discovered that entrepreneurial competencies have significant effect on the performance of SMMEs. The study further found that entrepreneurial competencies “opportunity recognition, creative-problem solving, resource leveraging, and business networking” had a low degree of association with business performance although they are statistically significant to business performance. The self-efficacy was found with a high degree of association with business performance and statistically significant with the achievement of positive beta and low p-value which indicated a strong association to performance. The study made conclusions that entrepreneurial competencies have positive effect on the performance of SMMEs. Therefore, it was concluded that performing and successful SMMEs in the regions means employment opportunities in the country because they require human resources to do operational services and render services. The government and policymakers are encouraged to work together to form and strengthen development programs to assist SMMEs to grow the production capacity, operations and become productive. The SMMEs owners/managers and practitioners on skills development are encouraged to relook and strengthen entrepreneurial competencies that contribute to productivity and performance. , Thesis (DBA) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2023
- Full Text:
A qualitative systematic review exploring online learning experiences among university students during Covid-19: An African Context
- Thoka, Tebogo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6763-6367
- Authors: Thoka, Tebogo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6763-6367
- Date: 2023-11
- Subjects: Internet in higher education , Education, Higher -- Computer-assisted instruction , Communicable diseases
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/28606 , vital:74472
- Description: The sudden and immediate transition to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic brought forth unprecedented challenges, particularly within the education sector. In Africa, this shift was necessitated by the need to safeguard lives and preserve the academic year. However, the absence of adequate contextual consideration introduced additional complexities, influencing how students in the African context navigated their learning experiences during this unique time.This study aimed to comprehensively synthesize the online learning experiences of university students in Africa amid the COVID-19 pandemic and evaluate the influence of these experiences on academic performance. Drawing from the systematic review protocol proposed by Hemingway and Brereton, seven (7) qualitative research articles were rigorously selected based on predefined inclusion criteria and meticulously examined.Thematic analysis of the chosen articles revealed two overarching themes. The first, "Emotional Distress," encapsulated students' experiences of anxiety, depressive emotions, and anger. Contributing factors included limited interaction opportunities, a sense of isolation, insufficient online learning resources, inflexible course structures, and non-conducive learning environments. The second overarching theme, "Growth," encompassed improvements in grades and enhanced self-directed learning abilities.These findings hold significant implications for the enhancement of online learning experiences in Africa. To address the challenges associated with emotional distress and foster growth, we propose the following recommendations: increased focus on social interaction and support mechanisms, equitable access to online resources, flexible course structures, and fostering conducive learning environments. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2023
- Full Text:
- Authors: Thoka, Tebogo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6763-6367
- Date: 2023-11
- Subjects: Internet in higher education , Education, Higher -- Computer-assisted instruction , Communicable diseases
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/28606 , vital:74472
- Description: The sudden and immediate transition to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic brought forth unprecedented challenges, particularly within the education sector. In Africa, this shift was necessitated by the need to safeguard lives and preserve the academic year. However, the absence of adequate contextual consideration introduced additional complexities, influencing how students in the African context navigated their learning experiences during this unique time.This study aimed to comprehensively synthesize the online learning experiences of university students in Africa amid the COVID-19 pandemic and evaluate the influence of these experiences on academic performance. Drawing from the systematic review protocol proposed by Hemingway and Brereton, seven (7) qualitative research articles were rigorously selected based on predefined inclusion criteria and meticulously examined.Thematic analysis of the chosen articles revealed two overarching themes. The first, "Emotional Distress," encapsulated students' experiences of anxiety, depressive emotions, and anger. Contributing factors included limited interaction opportunities, a sense of isolation, insufficient online learning resources, inflexible course structures, and non-conducive learning environments. The second overarching theme, "Growth," encompassed improvements in grades and enhanced self-directed learning abilities.These findings hold significant implications for the enhancement of online learning experiences in Africa. To address the challenges associated with emotional distress and foster growth, we propose the following recommendations: increased focus on social interaction and support mechanisms, equitable access to online resources, flexible course structures, and fostering conducive learning environments. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2023
- Full Text:
Assessing the impact of access to climate services on smallholder farmers cropping decisions and household food security in Elundini Municipality, Eastern Cape province
- Authors: Nocezo, Yanga-Inkosi
- Date: 2023-11
- Subjects: Food security -- Climatic factors , Vegetation and climate , Crops and climate
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/28882 , vital:75366
- Description: Climate variability has significant implications for crop production and overall food security. Climate services which provide tailored and localised climate information have the potential to enhance farmers understanding of climate patterns and support informed decision making. The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of climate services on smallholder farmers cropping decisions and household food security. The study adopted a cross sectional household survey on 217 smallholder crop farming households from Elundini Municipality. Structured questionnaires and face to face interviews were used to collect the required data from the farmers. Descriptive analysis was used to identify the types of climate service accessed by smallholder crop farmers in the study area. The probit model was used to examine factors influencing smallholder crop farmers access to specific climate services. The household dietary diversity score was used to measure household food security among smallholder crop farmers. The propensity score matching model was used to assess the impact of accessing specific climate services on cropping decisions and household food security. The results indicated that most farmers 77 percent in the study area had access to climate services. The results further showed that many farmers had access to short term weather forecast 79 percent with very few accessing seasonal forecast 22 percent. The results also revealed that access to both short term weather and seasonal forecasts is positively influenced by ownership of mobile phones and access to extension services. Similarly access to short term weather forecasts is positively influenced by age monthly income ownership of radio timely climate information and perceiving that climate change has negative effects on crop production. Land size knowledge of climate change and climate services accuracy are positive and significant factors influencing access to seasonal forecasts. Most of the smallholder farming households in the study area had higher dietary diversity scores 66 percent. Moreover access to short term weather and seasonal forecasts has a positive and significant impact on cropping decisions and household dietary diversity scores. The study concludes that climate services improve cropping decisions and household food security among smallholder crop farmers in Elundini Municipality. The study recommends that there should be investments in awareness programmes that will educate farmers about the importance of climate services and how to acquire and interpret both weather and seasonal forecasts. Stakeholders interested in improving smallholder farmers access to climate services should consider whether farmers own smart phones and have access to extension services arable land knowledge of climate change and if the climate services are accurate for smallholder farmers. In addition to improve crop production and household food security in the face of climate change access to climate services by smallholder farmers should be considered. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2023
- Full Text:
- Authors: Nocezo, Yanga-Inkosi
- Date: 2023-11
- Subjects: Food security -- Climatic factors , Vegetation and climate , Crops and climate
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/28882 , vital:75366
- Description: Climate variability has significant implications for crop production and overall food security. Climate services which provide tailored and localised climate information have the potential to enhance farmers understanding of climate patterns and support informed decision making. The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of climate services on smallholder farmers cropping decisions and household food security. The study adopted a cross sectional household survey on 217 smallholder crop farming households from Elundini Municipality. Structured questionnaires and face to face interviews were used to collect the required data from the farmers. Descriptive analysis was used to identify the types of climate service accessed by smallholder crop farmers in the study area. The probit model was used to examine factors influencing smallholder crop farmers access to specific climate services. The household dietary diversity score was used to measure household food security among smallholder crop farmers. The propensity score matching model was used to assess the impact of accessing specific climate services on cropping decisions and household food security. The results indicated that most farmers 77 percent in the study area had access to climate services. The results further showed that many farmers had access to short term weather forecast 79 percent with very few accessing seasonal forecast 22 percent. The results also revealed that access to both short term weather and seasonal forecasts is positively influenced by ownership of mobile phones and access to extension services. Similarly access to short term weather forecasts is positively influenced by age monthly income ownership of radio timely climate information and perceiving that climate change has negative effects on crop production. Land size knowledge of climate change and climate services accuracy are positive and significant factors influencing access to seasonal forecasts. Most of the smallholder farming households in the study area had higher dietary diversity scores 66 percent. Moreover access to short term weather and seasonal forecasts has a positive and significant impact on cropping decisions and household dietary diversity scores. The study concludes that climate services improve cropping decisions and household food security among smallholder crop farmers in Elundini Municipality. The study recommends that there should be investments in awareness programmes that will educate farmers about the importance of climate services and how to acquire and interpret both weather and seasonal forecasts. Stakeholders interested in improving smallholder farmers access to climate services should consider whether farmers own smart phones and have access to extension services arable land knowledge of climate change and if the climate services are accurate for smallholder farmers. In addition to improve crop production and household food security in the face of climate change access to climate services by smallholder farmers should be considered. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2023
- Full Text:
Determinants of individual-organisational adoption-continued use of high-performance computing systems: testing an end-user model in historically disadvantaged institutions
- Matungwana, Norest Tinashe https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0373-6913
- Authors: Matungwana, Norest Tinashe https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0373-6913
- Date: 2023-11
- Subjects: High performance computing -- Evaluation , High performance computing -- Computer simulation
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29472 , vital:77970
- Description: High-Performance Computing Systems (HPCS) are a game-changing technology that significantly improves research and innovations. Its adoption and use in skills development institutions have interested researchers and policymakers. The adoption and use of HPCS allow end users to take advantage of its extraordinary capabilities, such as making accurate simulations, processing enormous sums of data quickly, and having a larger storage capacity than ordinary computers. As South Africa (SA) grapples with increasing inequality and other challenges, it pins hope on Universities to proffer adequate solutions. However, there are different realities between Historically Disadvantage Institutions (HDIs) and Historically Advantaged Institutions (HAIs) regarding enabling resources for skills development. This study focuses on the determinants of adoption and continued use of HPCS in HDIs. The study aimed to investigate the determinants of individual-organisational adoptioncontinued use of HPCS amongst end-users in HDIs. The South African government, through the Council for Science and Industrial Research (CSIR), continues to invest in HPCS to benefit the industry and high-learning institutions; attention is drawn to their adoption and use by intended users (Sithole & Ubbink, 2017). Despite the government's efforts to address the inequalities within the educational sector by equipping HDIs with the latest technological innovations, there is little or no research that has been conducted to determine the individual-organisational levels of adoptioncontinued use of HPCS by users from HDIs and measure return on investment from an end-user perspective, hence this study. A quantitative research approach and descriptive design were adopted for the study. Data was collected from a sample of 384 students and 370 staff members. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was also applied to establish the determinants of HPCS adoption and continued use by end users in HDIs. The findings of the study show that there is no statistically significant relationship between intention to use HPCS, trust, attitudes towards HPCS, perceived effort, and the actual use of HPCS by end-users in HDIs while social influence, perceived career benefit, and perceived career risk were found to have a significant relationship with adoption and continued use of HPCS by end-users in HDIs The study's findings indicate the factors that should be emphasised when promoting the adoption and continued use of HPCS in HDIs. The findings also allow researchers to investigate why other determinants do not significantly influence the adoption and continued use of HPCS. , Thesis (MCom in BM) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2023
- Full Text:
- Authors: Matungwana, Norest Tinashe https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0373-6913
- Date: 2023-11
- Subjects: High performance computing -- Evaluation , High performance computing -- Computer simulation
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29472 , vital:77970
- Description: High-Performance Computing Systems (HPCS) are a game-changing technology that significantly improves research and innovations. Its adoption and use in skills development institutions have interested researchers and policymakers. The adoption and use of HPCS allow end users to take advantage of its extraordinary capabilities, such as making accurate simulations, processing enormous sums of data quickly, and having a larger storage capacity than ordinary computers. As South Africa (SA) grapples with increasing inequality and other challenges, it pins hope on Universities to proffer adequate solutions. However, there are different realities between Historically Disadvantage Institutions (HDIs) and Historically Advantaged Institutions (HAIs) regarding enabling resources for skills development. This study focuses on the determinants of adoption and continued use of HPCS in HDIs. The study aimed to investigate the determinants of individual-organisational adoptioncontinued use of HPCS amongst end-users in HDIs. The South African government, through the Council for Science and Industrial Research (CSIR), continues to invest in HPCS to benefit the industry and high-learning institutions; attention is drawn to their adoption and use by intended users (Sithole & Ubbink, 2017). Despite the government's efforts to address the inequalities within the educational sector by equipping HDIs with the latest technological innovations, there is little or no research that has been conducted to determine the individual-organisational levels of adoptioncontinued use of HPCS by users from HDIs and measure return on investment from an end-user perspective, hence this study. A quantitative research approach and descriptive design were adopted for the study. Data was collected from a sample of 384 students and 370 staff members. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was also applied to establish the determinants of HPCS adoption and continued use by end users in HDIs. The findings of the study show that there is no statistically significant relationship between intention to use HPCS, trust, attitudes towards HPCS, perceived effort, and the actual use of HPCS by end-users in HDIs while social influence, perceived career benefit, and perceived career risk were found to have a significant relationship with adoption and continued use of HPCS by end-users in HDIs The study's findings indicate the factors that should be emphasised when promoting the adoption and continued use of HPCS in HDIs. The findings also allow researchers to investigate why other determinants do not significantly influence the adoption and continued use of HPCS. , Thesis (MCom in BM) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2023
- Full Text:
Determinants of psychological well-being amongst employed mothers of children with special needs in Buffalo City Municipality
- Mabokela, Thandiswa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-3281
- Authors: Mabokela, Thandiswa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-3281
- Date: 2023-11
- Subjects: Mothers of children with disabilities -- Psychological aspects -- South Africa , Well-being -- Psychological aspects , Children of working mothers -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29451 , vital:77968
- Description: Mothers of children with special needs face unique social-emotional difficulties in carrying out their caregiving roles. The pressure related to these roles influences mothers' psychological well-being and the nature of their child-rearing. One cause of mothers’ psychological distress is their inability to accept their child’s illness. It can result in the mother’s struggle with negative feelings, leading them to focus on their children’s problems, with little recognition of unique qualities that characterize the strengths of their children. This study aimed to provide insight into the determinants of psychological well-being amongst employed mothers of children with special needs in Buffalo City Municipality. The research adopted Ryff's (1989) Six-factor model on psychological well-being and Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs theory. A quantitative, descriptive research approach was applied to the study. The positivism paradigm was adopted in this research. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 301 respondents in Buffalo City Municipality East London. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 29 software package was utilized for analysis—the confirmatory factor analysis is used to interpret demographics and study variables. The study found significant relationships between the independent and dependent variables: Psychological well-being, workplace, household, factor, household and educational factors. The study recommends further studies to expand to fathers/parents with special needs children, as this study mainly looked at the psychological well-being of working mothers only. , Thesis (MIP) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2023
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mabokela, Thandiswa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4531-3281
- Date: 2023-11
- Subjects: Mothers of children with disabilities -- Psychological aspects -- South Africa , Well-being -- Psychological aspects , Children of working mothers -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29451 , vital:77968
- Description: Mothers of children with special needs face unique social-emotional difficulties in carrying out their caregiving roles. The pressure related to these roles influences mothers' psychological well-being and the nature of their child-rearing. One cause of mothers’ psychological distress is their inability to accept their child’s illness. It can result in the mother’s struggle with negative feelings, leading them to focus on their children’s problems, with little recognition of unique qualities that characterize the strengths of their children. This study aimed to provide insight into the determinants of psychological well-being amongst employed mothers of children with special needs in Buffalo City Municipality. The research adopted Ryff's (1989) Six-factor model on psychological well-being and Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs theory. A quantitative, descriptive research approach was applied to the study. The positivism paradigm was adopted in this research. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 301 respondents in Buffalo City Municipality East London. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 29 software package was utilized for analysis—the confirmatory factor analysis is used to interpret demographics and study variables. The study found significant relationships between the independent and dependent variables: Psychological well-being, workplace, household, factor, household and educational factors. The study recommends further studies to expand to fathers/parents with special needs children, as this study mainly looked at the psychological well-being of working mothers only. , Thesis (MIP) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2023
- Full Text:
Exploring traditional and cooperative teaching strategies in Grade 9 mathematics classrooms in the Buffalo City Metro Education District
- Papama Febana https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9508-8900
- Authors: Papama Febana https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9508-8900
- Date: 2023-11
- Subjects: Mathematics -- Study and teaching , Teacher-student relationships
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29610 , vital:78413
- Description: Poor learners’ mathematics achievement has remained a subject of serious concern to all parties involved. Several studies attribute a wide range of factors to the low level of learners’ achievement in mathematics. However, this quasi-experiment study determined to explore traditional and cooperative teaching strategies in grade 9 learners’ mathematics performance. It also investigated the moderating effects of gender and school location in learners’ mathematics achievement. It was carried out in three schools (uptown, township, and rural) that are located in the context of Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM) educational district. The sample consisted of 177 participants, from schools selected through a judgement sampling. Four instruments – Mathematics Achievement Test 1 (MAT1), Mathematics Achievement Test 2 (MAT2), Traditional Teaching Strategy (TTS), and Cooperative Teaching Strategy (CTS) guides were developed and administered to the respondents. Five null and alternative hypotheses were generated and tested at a 0.05 level of significance. A post-test only research design with a 2x2x3 factorial matrix was adopted. The factorial ANOVA to compare the difference between school locations using MAT1 and then MAT2 was employed. Similarly, the t-test to compare the difference between male and female learners using MAT1 and then using MAT2 were also conducted. The interaction effects between teaching strategy and school location then between teaching strategy and gender were also tested. Scheffé post-hoc analysis was carried out to determine the difference between means of more than two comparison groups. To answer RQ1, HO1 was rejected and H1 was supported given the t-value =12.01, p < 0.05. The independent t-test showed that there was a mean difference [mean (CTS) – mean (TTS) > 0] of 9.94 with a large effect size d = 0.62; To answer RQ2, the test failed to reject HO2. The results revealed that F(2, 291) = 5.31, p < 0.05. The maininteraction effects size differences by school locations (A, B & C) were 0.27, 0.43 and 0.73 respectively. Scheffé post-hoc analysis showed that there was a greatest difference between rural and uptown schools. Followed by rural and township. There was no significant difference between township and uptown schools. Therefore, H1 was not supported. To answer RQ3, the test failed to reject HO3 given the t-value = 0.57, p > 0.05, and a small effect size d = 0.1. The t-value = 0.57 is too low. The TTS MAT1 male and female mean difference = 0.518 is likely due to chance and not a reflection of the population. There was not enough evidence to support H3; To answer RQ4, HO4 was upheld. There was a CTS MAT2 mean difference = 2.57 (female > male) which is likely due to chance and not a reflection of the population. There was a small effect size d = 0.3 and large staying power (1 – β) = 0.81. Thus, H4 was not supported; To answer RQ5, the test failed to reject HO5 with F(1, 293) = 1.55, p > 0.05. The main effect size difference of the means for gender and teaching strategies were 0.14 and 0.62 respectively and a large power (1 – β) = 0.99. Thus, H5 was not supported. Based on these findings, it was therefore recommended that provincial and district leaders should consider the specific factors of school locations and school’s learner achievements when implementing new policies. Data driven meetings based on learner performance must take place so as to find and minimise the root causes of gaps in learners’ performance. Furthermore, regularly scheduled data meetings should be compulsory for rural school principals seeking to increase learner achievement so that rural learners have the same opportunities as their counterpart uptown- and township schools. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Education, 2023
- Full Text:
- Authors: Papama Febana https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9508-8900
- Date: 2023-11
- Subjects: Mathematics -- Study and teaching , Teacher-student relationships
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/29610 , vital:78413
- Description: Poor learners’ mathematics achievement has remained a subject of serious concern to all parties involved. Several studies attribute a wide range of factors to the low level of learners’ achievement in mathematics. However, this quasi-experiment study determined to explore traditional and cooperative teaching strategies in grade 9 learners’ mathematics performance. It also investigated the moderating effects of gender and school location in learners’ mathematics achievement. It was carried out in three schools (uptown, township, and rural) that are located in the context of Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM) educational district. The sample consisted of 177 participants, from schools selected through a judgement sampling. Four instruments – Mathematics Achievement Test 1 (MAT1), Mathematics Achievement Test 2 (MAT2), Traditional Teaching Strategy (TTS), and Cooperative Teaching Strategy (CTS) guides were developed and administered to the respondents. Five null and alternative hypotheses were generated and tested at a 0.05 level of significance. A post-test only research design with a 2x2x3 factorial matrix was adopted. The factorial ANOVA to compare the difference between school locations using MAT1 and then MAT2 was employed. Similarly, the t-test to compare the difference between male and female learners using MAT1 and then using MAT2 were also conducted. The interaction effects between teaching strategy and school location then between teaching strategy and gender were also tested. Scheffé post-hoc analysis was carried out to determine the difference between means of more than two comparison groups. To answer RQ1, HO1 was rejected and H1 was supported given the t-value =12.01, p < 0.05. The independent t-test showed that there was a mean difference [mean (CTS) – mean (TTS) > 0] of 9.94 with a large effect size d = 0.62; To answer RQ2, the test failed to reject HO2. The results revealed that F(2, 291) = 5.31, p < 0.05. The maininteraction effects size differences by school locations (A, B & C) were 0.27, 0.43 and 0.73 respectively. Scheffé post-hoc analysis showed that there was a greatest difference between rural and uptown schools. Followed by rural and township. There was no significant difference between township and uptown schools. Therefore, H1 was not supported. To answer RQ3, the test failed to reject HO3 given the t-value = 0.57, p > 0.05, and a small effect size d = 0.1. The t-value = 0.57 is too low. The TTS MAT1 male and female mean difference = 0.518 is likely due to chance and not a reflection of the population. There was not enough evidence to support H3; To answer RQ4, HO4 was upheld. There was a CTS MAT2 mean difference = 2.57 (female > male) which is likely due to chance and not a reflection of the population. There was a small effect size d = 0.3 and large staying power (1 – β) = 0.81. Thus, H4 was not supported; To answer RQ5, the test failed to reject HO5 with F(1, 293) = 1.55, p > 0.05. The main effect size difference of the means for gender and teaching strategies were 0.14 and 0.62 respectively and a large power (1 – β) = 0.99. Thus, H5 was not supported. Based on these findings, it was therefore recommended that provincial and district leaders should consider the specific factors of school locations and school’s learner achievements when implementing new policies. Data driven meetings based on learner performance must take place so as to find and minimise the root causes of gaps in learners’ performance. Furthermore, regularly scheduled data meetings should be compulsory for rural school principals seeking to increase learner achievement so that rural learners have the same opportunities as their counterpart uptown- and township schools. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Education, 2023
- Full Text:
Human capital investment, productivity and economic growth in selected Sub Saharan African countries
- Mutambirwa, Edward https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9010-1950
- Authors: Mutambirwa, Edward https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9010-1950
- Date: 2023-11
- Subjects: Human capital -- Africa, Sub-Saharan , Economic development -- Africa, Sub-Saharan , Capital investments -- Africa, Sub-Saharan
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/28639 , vital:74481
- Description: Many Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries experience low economic growth rate levels which is worrisome given the demographic window of opportunities in the region. The governments of SSA countries have been putting emphasis on increasing investments in human capital development as it is vital in unlocking potential economic growth through enhancing regional productivity. With this in mind, this study examined the effect of human capital investment on economic growth through productivity in 12 selected SSA countries during the period 2000 to 2017. The selection of these countries and the study period were based on the data availability as well as differences in income growth. The sample represents all the countries in the income growth groups which are low income, lower middle income and upper middle income. In order to examine the overall effect of human capital investment on economic growth the study utilizes two models which are: 1. Human capital investment and productivity in selected SSA countries. 2. Human capital investment and economic growth in selected SSA countries. Model 1 objective of the study was to investigate the effect of human capital investment on productivity in the selected SSA countries. Productivity proxied by labour productivity measured by real output per person employed was the dependent regressed against a host of independent variables which includes human capital investment, foreign direct investment (FDI), total factor productivity (TFP) and labour quantity growth (LQ).The human capital investment components used in the model included: fiscal expenditure on primary education (PEI), secondary education(SEI), tertiary education (TEI) all as a percentage of government expenditure on education; public health(PHI) as a percentage of GDP and domestic private health (DPHI) as a percentage of current health expenditure. Several estimation techniques which include the Pooled Mean Group (PMG), Panel Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (PFMOLS) and Panel Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (PDOLS) were employed to analyse the relationship between the variables of interest. The empirical findings indicated that all human capital investment components contribute positively to labour productivity except tertiary education investment which had a negative effect. Moreover, the empirical findings also revealed that foreign direct investment and total factor productivity had positive effects on labour productivity while labour quantity growth had a negative effect. Model 2 objective examined the effect of productivity enhanced human capital on economic growth in the sample of countries. It also incorporated the direct channel of the effect of human capital on economic growth in the stated countries. Economic growth (EG) proxied by real GDP growth as the dependent variable and, on the other hand, explanatory variables being productivity enhanced human capital investment (PEHC), human capital (HC), gross fixed capital formation (GFCF), population growth (POP), institutional quality proxied by government effectiveness (GE) and political stability (PS). The same estimation techniques were also employed so as to obtain robust results. The empirical findings revealed that both productivity enhanced human capital investment and human capital contributes positively to economic growth in the selected SSA countries. In addition, the empirical results also proved that gross fixed capital formation, government effectiveness and political stability have positive effects on economic growth whilst population growth has a negative effect. Overall, the results of the study evidenced the existence of a transfer mechanism from human capital investment to economic growth through productivity in the selected SSA countries. The empirical results imply that increasing investment on human capital is of importance in trying to enhance productivity and through this economic growth in the SSA region. The study concludes that there is a potential on enhancing economic growth in the long run in the SSA region if countries invest more on human capital. Therefore, the study recommends that SSA countries must devote more budget to human capital so that free basic education can be offered in both primary and secondary as well as free health care services. With this, the objectives of quality education and health, sustainable and inclusive growth targets of the African Union (AU) Agenda 2063 as well as United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) can be achieved. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2023
- Full Text:
Human capital investment, productivity and economic growth in selected Sub Saharan African countries
- Authors: Mutambirwa, Edward https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9010-1950
- Date: 2023-11
- Subjects: Human capital -- Africa, Sub-Saharan , Economic development -- Africa, Sub-Saharan , Capital investments -- Africa, Sub-Saharan
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/28639 , vital:74481
- Description: Many Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries experience low economic growth rate levels which is worrisome given the demographic window of opportunities in the region. The governments of SSA countries have been putting emphasis on increasing investments in human capital development as it is vital in unlocking potential economic growth through enhancing regional productivity. With this in mind, this study examined the effect of human capital investment on economic growth through productivity in 12 selected SSA countries during the period 2000 to 2017. The selection of these countries and the study period were based on the data availability as well as differences in income growth. The sample represents all the countries in the income growth groups which are low income, lower middle income and upper middle income. In order to examine the overall effect of human capital investment on economic growth the study utilizes two models which are: 1. Human capital investment and productivity in selected SSA countries. 2. Human capital investment and economic growth in selected SSA countries. Model 1 objective of the study was to investigate the effect of human capital investment on productivity in the selected SSA countries. Productivity proxied by labour productivity measured by real output per person employed was the dependent regressed against a host of independent variables which includes human capital investment, foreign direct investment (FDI), total factor productivity (TFP) and labour quantity growth (LQ).The human capital investment components used in the model included: fiscal expenditure on primary education (PEI), secondary education(SEI), tertiary education (TEI) all as a percentage of government expenditure on education; public health(PHI) as a percentage of GDP and domestic private health (DPHI) as a percentage of current health expenditure. Several estimation techniques which include the Pooled Mean Group (PMG), Panel Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (PFMOLS) and Panel Dynamic Ordinary Least Square (PDOLS) were employed to analyse the relationship between the variables of interest. The empirical findings indicated that all human capital investment components contribute positively to labour productivity except tertiary education investment which had a negative effect. Moreover, the empirical findings also revealed that foreign direct investment and total factor productivity had positive effects on labour productivity while labour quantity growth had a negative effect. Model 2 objective examined the effect of productivity enhanced human capital on economic growth in the sample of countries. It also incorporated the direct channel of the effect of human capital on economic growth in the stated countries. Economic growth (EG) proxied by real GDP growth as the dependent variable and, on the other hand, explanatory variables being productivity enhanced human capital investment (PEHC), human capital (HC), gross fixed capital formation (GFCF), population growth (POP), institutional quality proxied by government effectiveness (GE) and political stability (PS). The same estimation techniques were also employed so as to obtain robust results. The empirical findings revealed that both productivity enhanced human capital investment and human capital contributes positively to economic growth in the selected SSA countries. In addition, the empirical results also proved that gross fixed capital formation, government effectiveness and political stability have positive effects on economic growth whilst population growth has a negative effect. Overall, the results of the study evidenced the existence of a transfer mechanism from human capital investment to economic growth through productivity in the selected SSA countries. The empirical results imply that increasing investment on human capital is of importance in trying to enhance productivity and through this economic growth in the SSA region. The study concludes that there is a potential on enhancing economic growth in the long run in the SSA region if countries invest more on human capital. Therefore, the study recommends that SSA countries must devote more budget to human capital so that free basic education can be offered in both primary and secondary as well as free health care services. With this, the objectives of quality education and health, sustainable and inclusive growth targets of the African Union (AU) Agenda 2063 as well as United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) can be achieved. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2023
- Full Text: