Participation of stakeholders in the rationalisation of schools: a case of closure and merger of schools in the Amatole West Education District of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.
- Authors: Mahanjana, Litha Lennox
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Public school closings
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20108 , vital:45274
- Description: The Department of Basic Education (DBE) in South Africa has shut down many public schools in the last few years and several other township and rural schools face imminent closure. The major reason adduced for this disturbing development is the increasing reduction of pupils because of poor performance. However, it is not clear whether all stakeholders are involved in the school rationalisation programme. Schools are custodians of children’s education and thus stakeholders such as parents, teachers, learners, community members and traditional leaders are important stakeholders in the education system and therefore, should participate fully in policy development and implementation processes. This study investigated how stakeholders in the school system such as teachers, learners, parents, and traditional leaders participated in the implementation of the school rationalisation policy. Using a qualitative approach within the interpretive research paradigm, the study investigated the case of two secondary schools that were closed and merged in the Amatole West Education District of the Eastern Cape Province. The researcher adopted this research approach because of its exploratory, descriptive, and contextual nature. A non-probability purposive sample was selected from the categories of teachers, learners and parents including traditional leaders of the communities of the two schools that were investigated. Data was collected using semi-structured face-to-face interviews and focus group discussions, while the content analysis technique was used to analyse the data. The data collected and analysed was also tested for its trustworthiness and ethical imperatives were also considered. The study revealed a lack of proper consultation of stakeholders prior to and during the implementation of school rationalisation policy. The DoE, to give an impression that stakeholders participated, in order to comply with the legislation, adopted a pseudo-participation strategy. This lack of consultation and pseudo-participation of stakeholders declared their participation as undemocratic. As a result, many challenges emerged and there were also unintended consequences that manifested themselves in the process. These findings were then translated into conclusions. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that the authorities should consult with the relevant stakeholders and create platforms that will allow them to express their views about any proposed school rationalisation policy before it can be implemented. The DoE should also consider all relevant legislative imperatives before embarking to the implementation of its decision to close or merge schools. In compelling situations where school closures are necessary, the anticipated social and economic impacts and unintended impacts on learners must be planned and mitigated before the school closure policy can be implemented. Lastly, the relevant authorities should develop an alternative policy framework to address the gaps and challenges that manifested themselves during the implementation of the current school rationalisation policy framework. Recommendations for further research like widening the scope of the investigation to in include primary schools, urban schools and participants from the district office were also proposed. , Thesis (MEd.) -- University of Fort Hare, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Mahanjana, Litha Lennox
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Public school closings
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20108 , vital:45274
- Description: The Department of Basic Education (DBE) in South Africa has shut down many public schools in the last few years and several other township and rural schools face imminent closure. The major reason adduced for this disturbing development is the increasing reduction of pupils because of poor performance. However, it is not clear whether all stakeholders are involved in the school rationalisation programme. Schools are custodians of children’s education and thus stakeholders such as parents, teachers, learners, community members and traditional leaders are important stakeholders in the education system and therefore, should participate fully in policy development and implementation processes. This study investigated how stakeholders in the school system such as teachers, learners, parents, and traditional leaders participated in the implementation of the school rationalisation policy. Using a qualitative approach within the interpretive research paradigm, the study investigated the case of two secondary schools that were closed and merged in the Amatole West Education District of the Eastern Cape Province. The researcher adopted this research approach because of its exploratory, descriptive, and contextual nature. A non-probability purposive sample was selected from the categories of teachers, learners and parents including traditional leaders of the communities of the two schools that were investigated. Data was collected using semi-structured face-to-face interviews and focus group discussions, while the content analysis technique was used to analyse the data. The data collected and analysed was also tested for its trustworthiness and ethical imperatives were also considered. The study revealed a lack of proper consultation of stakeholders prior to and during the implementation of school rationalisation policy. The DoE, to give an impression that stakeholders participated, in order to comply with the legislation, adopted a pseudo-participation strategy. This lack of consultation and pseudo-participation of stakeholders declared their participation as undemocratic. As a result, many challenges emerged and there were also unintended consequences that manifested themselves in the process. These findings were then translated into conclusions. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that the authorities should consult with the relevant stakeholders and create platforms that will allow them to express their views about any proposed school rationalisation policy before it can be implemented. The DoE should also consider all relevant legislative imperatives before embarking to the implementation of its decision to close or merge schools. In compelling situations where school closures are necessary, the anticipated social and economic impacts and unintended impacts on learners must be planned and mitigated before the school closure policy can be implemented. Lastly, the relevant authorities should develop an alternative policy framework to address the gaps and challenges that manifested themselves during the implementation of the current school rationalisation policy framework. Recommendations for further research like widening the scope of the investigation to in include primary schools, urban schools and participants from the district office were also proposed. , Thesis (MEd.) -- University of Fort Hare, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Participatory mapping of cultural ecosystem services in the Mountain Zebra National Park, South Africa
- Authors: Mpapane, Nelsiwe Pertunia
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Nature--Effect of human beings on--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52103 , vital:43432
- Description: Cultural ecosystem services (CES) are an essential part of human well-being. CES characterize the intangible connections that people have with their surrounding environments, and act as vessels to facilitate the understanding of meaningful and respectful relationships between humans and nature, which are necessary for sustainability. However, CES render themselves as complex cultural dimensions that are difficult to connect to specific aspects of an ecosystem, or to measure and manage. Thus, a progressive approach is required for promoting effective management of CES within landscapes. This thesis endeavours to understand human─nature interactions in protected areas, the CES benefits that arise from such interactions, and the links of these to ecosystems, facilities or features within the landscape. Protected areas represent some of the last remaining intact ecological areas that support biodiversity conservation and human─nature experiences. Protected areas, such as the Mountain Zebra National Park, are therefore suitable study sites to cast light on: (a) how human─nature relationships manifest in parks, (b) which CES are experienced by visitors, (c) which landscape features are associated with CES benefits, (d) who visits the Park, and (e) how the delivery and/or accessibility of CES to visitors of the Park could be improved. My research involved qualitative and spatial elements as forms of enquiry over a period of six months of data collection. I used semi-structured interviews (n = 20) paired with a participatory mapping approach. Additionally, I performed a comparative analysis using a peer-reviewed paper that focused on the management perspectives of CES delivery, to seek out similarities and differences between management perspectives and actual visitor experiences. The findings of this study have outlined that the Mountain Zebra National Park offers significant benefits to visitors. Aesthetic, recreational, inspirational value and cultural heritage emerged as the most frequently mapped CES. The findings have also shown that CES benefits are widely distributed across the landscape, with a spatial correlation in hotspot areas. Moreover, amenities or built infrastructure such as picnic iii sites, camping areas and viewpoints within the Park, are crucial for strengthening social relationships among family and friends, as well as in aiding the delivery of CES. This study provides insights into the subjective and diverse ways that human─nature relationships translate into CES benefits. It also sheds light on the importance of adequate planning within protected areas, for the maximization of the benefits from CES to people without compromising the mandate of biodiversity conservation. This study also contributes to a growing body of evidence that documents human─nature interactions in, and non-material benefits acquired from, protected areas within South Africa. I further advocate for improved access, adequate infrastructure, awareness creation and strategies to attract the younger generation to the national parks of South Africa. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Natural Resource Management, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Mpapane, Nelsiwe Pertunia
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Nature--Effect of human beings on--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52103 , vital:43432
- Description: Cultural ecosystem services (CES) are an essential part of human well-being. CES characterize the intangible connections that people have with their surrounding environments, and act as vessels to facilitate the understanding of meaningful and respectful relationships between humans and nature, which are necessary for sustainability. However, CES render themselves as complex cultural dimensions that are difficult to connect to specific aspects of an ecosystem, or to measure and manage. Thus, a progressive approach is required for promoting effective management of CES within landscapes. This thesis endeavours to understand human─nature interactions in protected areas, the CES benefits that arise from such interactions, and the links of these to ecosystems, facilities or features within the landscape. Protected areas represent some of the last remaining intact ecological areas that support biodiversity conservation and human─nature experiences. Protected areas, such as the Mountain Zebra National Park, are therefore suitable study sites to cast light on: (a) how human─nature relationships manifest in parks, (b) which CES are experienced by visitors, (c) which landscape features are associated with CES benefits, (d) who visits the Park, and (e) how the delivery and/or accessibility of CES to visitors of the Park could be improved. My research involved qualitative and spatial elements as forms of enquiry over a period of six months of data collection. I used semi-structured interviews (n = 20) paired with a participatory mapping approach. Additionally, I performed a comparative analysis using a peer-reviewed paper that focused on the management perspectives of CES delivery, to seek out similarities and differences between management perspectives and actual visitor experiences. The findings of this study have outlined that the Mountain Zebra National Park offers significant benefits to visitors. Aesthetic, recreational, inspirational value and cultural heritage emerged as the most frequently mapped CES. The findings have also shown that CES benefits are widely distributed across the landscape, with a spatial correlation in hotspot areas. Moreover, amenities or built infrastructure such as picnic iii sites, camping areas and viewpoints within the Park, are crucial for strengthening social relationships among family and friends, as well as in aiding the delivery of CES. This study provides insights into the subjective and diverse ways that human─nature relationships translate into CES benefits. It also sheds light on the importance of adequate planning within protected areas, for the maximization of the benefits from CES to people without compromising the mandate of biodiversity conservation. This study also contributes to a growing body of evidence that documents human─nature interactions in, and non-material benefits acquired from, protected areas within South Africa. I further advocate for improved access, adequate infrastructure, awareness creation and strategies to attract the younger generation to the national parks of South Africa. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Natural Resource Management, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Perceived impact of cyberbullying on young adults’ psychological well-being
- Authors: Whitehorn, Hayley
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Cyberbullying -- South Africa -- Psychological aspects , Youth -- Crimes against -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52374 , vital:43620
- Description: Cyberbullying is a significant field of study within cyberpsychology and requires continued research and development in order to further literature and understanding in a South African context. An increase in cyberbullying results in an increased prevalence of the occurrence of psychological distress in the form of short-term consequences as well as long-term chronic impacts such as depression, anxiety, and decreased life satisfaction. This qualitative study aimed to explore and describe the experiences of young adults who have experienced cyberbullying and the perceived impact of this experience on their psychological well-being. Qualitative research is a flexible exploratory and descriptive approach to understanding the lived experiences of an individual and their subjective view of a specific phenomenon through an interpretivist paradigm. This study utilised purposive and snowball sampling of Nelson Mandela University students aged 18 – 25 years old to gain a total of 6 participants for data gathering through semi-structured interviews. This research process followed a retrospective perspective which focuses on the specific meaning-making and understandings which that individual places on that experience, in relation to their psychological well-being. Thematic analysis was employed to analyse the data and trustworthiness criteria and was utilised throughout to ensure the credibility of the study. It was found that cyberbullying, through multiple forms and methods, has various short-term and long-term perceived impacts in several spheres. The perceived psychological impacts occurred in the short-term and were internalised to extend to long-term impacts on psychological well-being, of which the majority were negative. There are influencing factors to the development, coping and management of perceived long-term impacts which reflect the outcomes on well-being. The findings of this study highlight the perceived impact of cyberbullying on young adults’ psychological well-being which is vital for future recommendations and intervention. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Whitehorn, Hayley
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Cyberbullying -- South Africa -- Psychological aspects , Youth -- Crimes against -- Psychological aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52374 , vital:43620
- Description: Cyberbullying is a significant field of study within cyberpsychology and requires continued research and development in order to further literature and understanding in a South African context. An increase in cyberbullying results in an increased prevalence of the occurrence of psychological distress in the form of short-term consequences as well as long-term chronic impacts such as depression, anxiety, and decreased life satisfaction. This qualitative study aimed to explore and describe the experiences of young adults who have experienced cyberbullying and the perceived impact of this experience on their psychological well-being. Qualitative research is a flexible exploratory and descriptive approach to understanding the lived experiences of an individual and their subjective view of a specific phenomenon through an interpretivist paradigm. This study utilised purposive and snowball sampling of Nelson Mandela University students aged 18 – 25 years old to gain a total of 6 participants for data gathering through semi-structured interviews. This research process followed a retrospective perspective which focuses on the specific meaning-making and understandings which that individual places on that experience, in relation to their psychological well-being. Thematic analysis was employed to analyse the data and trustworthiness criteria and was utilised throughout to ensure the credibility of the study. It was found that cyberbullying, through multiple forms and methods, has various short-term and long-term perceived impacts in several spheres. The perceived psychological impacts occurred in the short-term and were internalised to extend to long-term impacts on psychological well-being, of which the majority were negative. There are influencing factors to the development, coping and management of perceived long-term impacts which reflect the outcomes on well-being. The findings of this study highlight the perceived impact of cyberbullying on young adults’ psychological well-being which is vital for future recommendations and intervention. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Perceptions of blended learning by academic staff in the Health Sciences Faculty at Nelson Mandela University
- Authors: Barry, Janet
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Blended learning -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality -- Faculty , Medical sciences -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality -- Faculty
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/50999 , vital:43199
- Description: Numerous studies have investigated the use of blended learning by academic staff at tertiary institutions. The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of blended learning by academic staff at the Faculty of Health Sciences at Nelson Mandela University. A related objective was to identify barriers and facilitators to the adoption of blended learning by academic staff. A sequential, exploratory mixed-methods design was adopted for this study whereby Phase 1 (focus groups) was used to inform Phase 2 (questionnaire) of the study. Results were analysed from both phases and organised according to strategies, support, and structure of a blended learning adoption framework. Existing support structures to assist with blended learning adoption, understanding of what blended learning is, confidence in using blended learning tools, and time to attend training were some of the findings of the study. The researcher concluded that academic staff in the Health Sciences Faculty at Nelson Mandela University are positioned in the second stage of the blended learning adoption framework, namely the early adoption stage of blended learning. These findings imply that existing strategies and support within the Faculty and the University need to be further developed, and structures put into place to move to an advanced stage of adoption of blended learning by academic staff in Health Sciences Faculty of Nelson Mandela University. , Thesis (MPharm) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, Pharmacy, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Barry, Janet
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Blended learning -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality -- Faculty , Medical sciences -- South Africa -- Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality -- Faculty
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/50999 , vital:43199
- Description: Numerous studies have investigated the use of blended learning by academic staff at tertiary institutions. The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of blended learning by academic staff at the Faculty of Health Sciences at Nelson Mandela University. A related objective was to identify barriers and facilitators to the adoption of blended learning by academic staff. A sequential, exploratory mixed-methods design was adopted for this study whereby Phase 1 (focus groups) was used to inform Phase 2 (questionnaire) of the study. Results were analysed from both phases and organised according to strategies, support, and structure of a blended learning adoption framework. Existing support structures to assist with blended learning adoption, understanding of what blended learning is, confidence in using blended learning tools, and time to attend training were some of the findings of the study. The researcher concluded that academic staff in the Health Sciences Faculty at Nelson Mandela University are positioned in the second stage of the blended learning adoption framework, namely the early adoption stage of blended learning. These findings imply that existing strategies and support within the Faculty and the University need to be further developed, and structures put into place to move to an advanced stage of adoption of blended learning by academic staff in Health Sciences Faculty of Nelson Mandela University. , Thesis (MPharm) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, Pharmacy, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Perceptions of employees towards the performance management and development system: department of social development: Eastern Cape
- Authors: Magugwana, Sive
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Performance--Management
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52908 , vital:44324
- Description: The Performance Management and Development System (PMDS) is a human resource management (HRM) strategy utilised for enhancing employees’ performance. The strategy has gained momentum over recent years in the public sector. Much interest in the contemporary world is centred on optimising the performance of both the individual and organisations. As a result, many organisations are introducing and strengthening their PMDS implementation. Effective implementation and evaluation of employees’ performance and continuous development is an essential element for any organisation’s survival and growth. Thus, it is the obligation of any organisation to ensure that its employees are highly motivated to perform so as to obtain organisational goals and objectives. This study explored the perceptions of employees regarding the PMDS in the Department of Social Development in the Eastern Cape (ECDSD), and was underpinned by Herzberg’s (2005) Two-factor Theory, which focusses on the feelings of employees towards their working environments. The study adopted a qualitative research approach with the use of both primary (interviews) and secondary data collection methods in order to gather data that would answer the research questions. Results from the data collection and analysis revealed that the employees within the ECDSD are knowledgeable about the PMDS and that the majority of participants perceive the strategy as appropriate for enhancing employee performance. This study also found that employees currently face a myriad of challenges regarding PMDS implementation within the Department that include a lack of feedback, a lack of transparency, insufficient training, and a lack of fairness. Training, strengthening communication, providing feedback on performance, and a migration away from financial rewards were identified as strategies that could enhance the proper implementation of the PMDS that best serves the interests of employees. The study recommends that the ECDSD work closely with its Department of Public Service and Administration (DPSA) in order to constantly monitor and evaluate PMDS implementation. The study also recommends that the Department conduct regular supervisor training sessions regarding the PMDS as well as awareness programmes about the PMDS for both its employees and its managers. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Magugwana, Sive
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Performance--Management
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52908 , vital:44324
- Description: The Performance Management and Development System (PMDS) is a human resource management (HRM) strategy utilised for enhancing employees’ performance. The strategy has gained momentum over recent years in the public sector. Much interest in the contemporary world is centred on optimising the performance of both the individual and organisations. As a result, many organisations are introducing and strengthening their PMDS implementation. Effective implementation and evaluation of employees’ performance and continuous development is an essential element for any organisation’s survival and growth. Thus, it is the obligation of any organisation to ensure that its employees are highly motivated to perform so as to obtain organisational goals and objectives. This study explored the perceptions of employees regarding the PMDS in the Department of Social Development in the Eastern Cape (ECDSD), and was underpinned by Herzberg’s (2005) Two-factor Theory, which focusses on the feelings of employees towards their working environments. The study adopted a qualitative research approach with the use of both primary (interviews) and secondary data collection methods in order to gather data that would answer the research questions. Results from the data collection and analysis revealed that the employees within the ECDSD are knowledgeable about the PMDS and that the majority of participants perceive the strategy as appropriate for enhancing employee performance. This study also found that employees currently face a myriad of challenges regarding PMDS implementation within the Department that include a lack of feedback, a lack of transparency, insufficient training, and a lack of fairness. Training, strengthening communication, providing feedback on performance, and a migration away from financial rewards were identified as strategies that could enhance the proper implementation of the PMDS that best serves the interests of employees. The study recommends that the ECDSD work closely with its Department of Public Service and Administration (DPSA) in order to constantly monitor and evaluate PMDS implementation. The study also recommends that the Department conduct regular supervisor training sessions regarding the PMDS as well as awareness programmes about the PMDS for both its employees and its managers. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Problems facing governance of small business in South Africa: non-owner perspective
- Mabotha, Mathipe Pontsho Ramakgahlele
- Authors: Mabotha, Mathipe Pontsho Ramakgahlele
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Small business -- Management , New business enterprises -- South Africa , Corporate governance -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51787 , vital:43372
- Description: Small businesses have been perceived to have governance problems in South Africa. The problem is that in SA there is a limited amount of research available regarding these complex investigations into the problems of governance of SMEs in South Africa. The objectives of this study were to conduct an extensive literature review on governance of small businesses, and the factors which affect the governance of such small businesses and what key resources could be identified and built up for the successful adoption of innovations in the sector, to lead to an understand of weaknesses in the current capacity-building of SMEs. It also sought to determine the current situations contributing to the weaknesses of SMEs; to understand challenges in the governance of small businesses in South Africa, to determine the types of financial support that exists and the contribution of financial support to the development of SMEs and to understand the ways government can help and develop SMEs. Qualitative research was used because it is more subjective and relies on experiences and opinions of participants. The study used exploratory research. An interview protocol for semi-structured face-to-face interviews was designed and used to obtain the views of SME owners and managers. The findings of the study showed that a lack of financial support is one of the challenges in the current capacity-building of small businesses. Moreover, the findings of the study showed that access to information on available markets and on the creation of new opportunities is another weakness in the current capacity-building of small businesses. SMEs need access to buyers, information on product demand, pricing knowledge and standards. The findings of the study also showed that the lack of support through business management knowledge is one of the weaknesses in the current capacity-building of small businesses. The findings showed that, most small business owners do not have the needed business management knowledge to transform their businesses. The study recommends that the government assist small businesses with financial support. It is also suggested that small businesses have human resource management knowledge to manage people who help them develop their businesses. Moreover, the study recommends that small businesses embrace new technology to boost their business by easy operations using new technologies. Moreover, the study recommends that small businesses owners use the same strategies, approaches and novel technology to compete with other businesses all over the world since there is fierce competition due to globalization. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business Administration, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Mabotha, Mathipe Pontsho Ramakgahlele
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Small business -- Management , New business enterprises -- South Africa , Corporate governance -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51787 , vital:43372
- Description: Small businesses have been perceived to have governance problems in South Africa. The problem is that in SA there is a limited amount of research available regarding these complex investigations into the problems of governance of SMEs in South Africa. The objectives of this study were to conduct an extensive literature review on governance of small businesses, and the factors which affect the governance of such small businesses and what key resources could be identified and built up for the successful adoption of innovations in the sector, to lead to an understand of weaknesses in the current capacity-building of SMEs. It also sought to determine the current situations contributing to the weaknesses of SMEs; to understand challenges in the governance of small businesses in South Africa, to determine the types of financial support that exists and the contribution of financial support to the development of SMEs and to understand the ways government can help and develop SMEs. Qualitative research was used because it is more subjective and relies on experiences and opinions of participants. The study used exploratory research. An interview protocol for semi-structured face-to-face interviews was designed and used to obtain the views of SME owners and managers. The findings of the study showed that a lack of financial support is one of the challenges in the current capacity-building of small businesses. Moreover, the findings of the study showed that access to information on available markets and on the creation of new opportunities is another weakness in the current capacity-building of small businesses. SMEs need access to buyers, information on product demand, pricing knowledge and standards. The findings of the study also showed that the lack of support through business management knowledge is one of the weaknesses in the current capacity-building of small businesses. The findings showed that, most small business owners do not have the needed business management knowledge to transform their businesses. The study recommends that the government assist small businesses with financial support. It is also suggested that small businesses have human resource management knowledge to manage people who help them develop their businesses. Moreover, the study recommends that small businesses embrace new technology to boost their business by easy operations using new technologies. Moreover, the study recommends that small businesses owners use the same strategies, approaches and novel technology to compete with other businesses all over the world since there is fierce competition due to globalization. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business Administration, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Product-dust levels released from pharmaceutical manufacturing equipment and related health-based exposure risks
- Authors: Van der Vyver, Pieter Smuts
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Pharmaceutical industry -- Equipment and supplies
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51936 , vital:43401
- Description: The study evaluated the product-dust levels that were released from manufacturing equipment during routine manufacturing of highly potent active pharmaceutical ingredients. The study was performed at a high containment manufacturing facility for Product X. These assessments are necessary to evaluate the level of containment performance in correlation with health-based exposure limits; and from this, to develop proper control strategies for the workplace. The equipment that was evaluated in this study included barrier systems (isolators, isolation boxes), dust-proof decanting systems (split valves), soft connections covered with continuous liners, and airtight intermediate bulk containers. Methodology The amount of uncontrolled product-dust that was released during the manufacturing process was quantified by establishing an air and surface monitoring programme. This was then compared to health-based exposure levels (HBEL’s) to ensure operator safety and to implement an effective control strategy. Air monitoring involves the sampling of airborne particles through filtration of the air with a filter using a sampling pump to draw a quantifiable volume of air through the filter. The filter is then tested in a laboratory which extracts and quantifies the amount of highly potent active pharmaceutical ingredient (HPAPI) on the filter. Surface monitoring is used to assess the level of product contamination on a surface. The technique uses a suitable adsorbent material to physically adsorb surface contaminants from the surface by wiping or swabbing. Protocols were designed based on a risk assessment that took the manufacturing process, literature, and facility design into consideration. Results The HBEL level of 0.2 μg/m3 that was calculated for the manufacturing process of Product X was found to be lower than the HBEL of 1.4 μg/m3; and consequently, the level of operator exposure was well within the acceptable occupational exposure limits. All surface monitoring results passed the acceptance criteria of less than 0.032 mg/100 cm2 except for excursions that occurred during breaches in containment. Conclusion The air monitoring programme facilitated the quantification of the product-dust levels that were released into the primary manufacturing areas; which could then be verified against the HBEL of Product X. The surface monitoring programme facilitated the quantification of the product residue on non-product contact surfaces in the facility; which could then be verified against the HBEL of Product X. The objectives of the study were met for Level 2 of the high containment suite as it was possible to calculate the product-dust released from the manufacturing equipment and the product residue on external equipment surfaces and non-product contact surfaces in order to verify these levels against the relevant HBEL’s. The study enabled the assessment and impact on the current control measures, and recommendations were given to develop the control strategy. , Thesis (MPharm) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Van der Vyver, Pieter Smuts
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Pharmaceutical industry -- Equipment and supplies
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51936 , vital:43401
- Description: The study evaluated the product-dust levels that were released from manufacturing equipment during routine manufacturing of highly potent active pharmaceutical ingredients. The study was performed at a high containment manufacturing facility for Product X. These assessments are necessary to evaluate the level of containment performance in correlation with health-based exposure limits; and from this, to develop proper control strategies for the workplace. The equipment that was evaluated in this study included barrier systems (isolators, isolation boxes), dust-proof decanting systems (split valves), soft connections covered with continuous liners, and airtight intermediate bulk containers. Methodology The amount of uncontrolled product-dust that was released during the manufacturing process was quantified by establishing an air and surface monitoring programme. This was then compared to health-based exposure levels (HBEL’s) to ensure operator safety and to implement an effective control strategy. Air monitoring involves the sampling of airborne particles through filtration of the air with a filter using a sampling pump to draw a quantifiable volume of air through the filter. The filter is then tested in a laboratory which extracts and quantifies the amount of highly potent active pharmaceutical ingredient (HPAPI) on the filter. Surface monitoring is used to assess the level of product contamination on a surface. The technique uses a suitable adsorbent material to physically adsorb surface contaminants from the surface by wiping or swabbing. Protocols were designed based on a risk assessment that took the manufacturing process, literature, and facility design into consideration. Results The HBEL level of 0.2 μg/m3 that was calculated for the manufacturing process of Product X was found to be lower than the HBEL of 1.4 μg/m3; and consequently, the level of operator exposure was well within the acceptable occupational exposure limits. All surface monitoring results passed the acceptance criteria of less than 0.032 mg/100 cm2 except for excursions that occurred during breaches in containment. Conclusion The air monitoring programme facilitated the quantification of the product-dust levels that were released into the primary manufacturing areas; which could then be verified against the HBEL of Product X. The surface monitoring programme facilitated the quantification of the product residue on non-product contact surfaces in the facility; which could then be verified against the HBEL of Product X. The objectives of the study were met for Level 2 of the high containment suite as it was possible to calculate the product-dust released from the manufacturing equipment and the product residue on external equipment surfaces and non-product contact surfaces in order to verify these levels against the relevant HBEL’s. The study enabled the assessment and impact on the current control measures, and recommendations were given to develop the control strategy. , Thesis (MPharm) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Prospect of an adquisitorial criminal justice system
- Authors: Mpofu, Mputumi
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Bail--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51186 , vital:43231
- Description: Bail does not cease to be a mind boggling issue as it is challenging our courts on daily basis, hence the need for this research. The tendency of confusing on the role of presiding officers in our legal fraternity is so far as bail proceedings is concerned is growing by the day. The seems to be a tug of war between prosecutors and attorneys with regard to granting of bail for the arrested persons, which leads to judicial officers having to sit for bail applications. Some of these challenges are as a result of interpretation of legislation that governs the issue of bail which is primarily peremptory in nature. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Criminal and Procedural Law, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Mpofu, Mputumi
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Bail--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51186 , vital:43231
- Description: Bail does not cease to be a mind boggling issue as it is challenging our courts on daily basis, hence the need for this research. The tendency of confusing on the role of presiding officers in our legal fraternity is so far as bail proceedings is concerned is growing by the day. The seems to be a tug of war between prosecutors and attorneys with regard to granting of bail for the arrested persons, which leads to judicial officers having to sit for bail applications. Some of these challenges are as a result of interpretation of legislation that governs the issue of bail which is primarily peremptory in nature. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Criminal and Procedural Law, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Psychological capital and burnout in the financial service sector
- Authors: Muller, Nadia
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52990 , vital:44872
- Description: The purpose of this research study was to determine the relationship between PsyCap and burnout in a service-related working environment that is somewhat unexplored, including the non-banking financial services sector. To achieve this purpose, a correlational research design was employed and the convenience, non-probability sampling method was utilised as the technique for sourcing participants. Data was collected by way of an online survey comprising of the PCQ-24, OLBI and a Biographical Section, which was distributed among 380 non-banking employees in the sample company, and a final sample size of N=88 was achieved. The two psychometric instruments utilised were both proven to be valid and reliable, thus increasing the credibility of the data obtained. The raw data was processed and analysed through statistical calculations, performed by a qualified Statistician, and included descriptive and inferential statistics in the form of cronbach’s alpha coefficients, pearsons correlations, t-tests, ANOVA’s, and linear regression for the data interpretation. The results revealed that there was a negative, statistically significant relationship between PsyCap and burnout, and that PsyCap explained 18% of the variance in burnout scores amongst the sample. In addition, statistically significant differences were found between burnout, disengagement, and position, as well as between PsyCap and some of its dimensions with gender, educational level, position, and department in terms of the demographic variables. The researcher has considered the ethical principles of autonomy, confidentiality, anonymity, and ownership of the data throughout the research process, and the research paper was submitted for assessment and ethical approval before commencement of this study. The primary aim of this research study was achieved in that a significant and negative correlation between PsyCap and burnout was revealed. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Industrial Psychology and Human Resources, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Muller, Nadia
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52990 , vital:44872
- Description: The purpose of this research study was to determine the relationship between PsyCap and burnout in a service-related working environment that is somewhat unexplored, including the non-banking financial services sector. To achieve this purpose, a correlational research design was employed and the convenience, non-probability sampling method was utilised as the technique for sourcing participants. Data was collected by way of an online survey comprising of the PCQ-24, OLBI and a Biographical Section, which was distributed among 380 non-banking employees in the sample company, and a final sample size of N=88 was achieved. The two psychometric instruments utilised were both proven to be valid and reliable, thus increasing the credibility of the data obtained. The raw data was processed and analysed through statistical calculations, performed by a qualified Statistician, and included descriptive and inferential statistics in the form of cronbach’s alpha coefficients, pearsons correlations, t-tests, ANOVA’s, and linear regression for the data interpretation. The results revealed that there was a negative, statistically significant relationship between PsyCap and burnout, and that PsyCap explained 18% of the variance in burnout scores amongst the sample. In addition, statistically significant differences were found between burnout, disengagement, and position, as well as between PsyCap and some of its dimensions with gender, educational level, position, and department in terms of the demographic variables. The researcher has considered the ethical principles of autonomy, confidentiality, anonymity, and ownership of the data throughout the research process, and the research paper was submitted for assessment and ethical approval before commencement of this study. The primary aim of this research study was achieved in that a significant and negative correlation between PsyCap and burnout was revealed. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, School of Industrial Psychology and Human Resources, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Psychologists perceptions of English-speaking South African’s potential meaning attached to post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms
- Authors: Le Roux, Carmen Jade
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Post-traumatic stress disorder -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51276 , vital:43259
- Description: South Africa is characterised by high levels of trauma and multiple forms of violence exposure which are said to be causal factors in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Culture is imperative in constructing the reality of individuals as it provides the templates which are used to describe, understand, predict, and control the world within which individuals exist. Culture is regarded as being influential on the ways in which individuals ascribe meaning and make sense of their traumatic experiences and symptoms. Culture is also integral to the healing process as it influences and guides the illness narrative created by individuals. The aim of this study is to understand the potential meanings attached to PTSD symptoms and the role of culture on these meaning ascriptions. These meanings are explored through the perception of Mental Healthcare Practitioners. The study uses qualitative methodology; specifically, an exploratory and descriptive design. The sample is identified through non-probability purposive sampling, and the data is collected through semi-structured interviews. The data is analysed using thematic analysis which identified major themes of understanding and acceptance. These themes followed a non-linear and interactive process, and present participants ascribing varying meanings to their trauma experience, PTSD symptoms and/or PTSD diagnosis. These meanings are discussed through the interpretivist lens of social constructionism. The findings of the study identified that individuals within the white English-speaking cultural group tend to understand their traumatic experience, their symptoms of PTSD and/or their PTSD diagnosis from an individualistic frame of reference, whilst individuals from the coloured English speaking cultural group tend to understand their traumatic experience, their symptoms of PTSD and/or their PTSD diagnosis from a collective frame of reference. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Le Roux, Carmen Jade
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Post-traumatic stress disorder -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51276 , vital:43259
- Description: South Africa is characterised by high levels of trauma and multiple forms of violence exposure which are said to be causal factors in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Culture is imperative in constructing the reality of individuals as it provides the templates which are used to describe, understand, predict, and control the world within which individuals exist. Culture is regarded as being influential on the ways in which individuals ascribe meaning and make sense of their traumatic experiences and symptoms. Culture is also integral to the healing process as it influences and guides the illness narrative created by individuals. The aim of this study is to understand the potential meanings attached to PTSD symptoms and the role of culture on these meaning ascriptions. These meanings are explored through the perception of Mental Healthcare Practitioners. The study uses qualitative methodology; specifically, an exploratory and descriptive design. The sample is identified through non-probability purposive sampling, and the data is collected through semi-structured interviews. The data is analysed using thematic analysis which identified major themes of understanding and acceptance. These themes followed a non-linear and interactive process, and present participants ascribing varying meanings to their trauma experience, PTSD symptoms and/or PTSD diagnosis. These meanings are discussed through the interpretivist lens of social constructionism. The findings of the study identified that individuals within the white English-speaking cultural group tend to understand their traumatic experience, their symptoms of PTSD and/or their PTSD diagnosis from an individualistic frame of reference, whilst individuals from the coloured English speaking cultural group tend to understand their traumatic experience, their symptoms of PTSD and/or their PTSD diagnosis from a collective frame of reference. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Ranked factors influencing the sustainability and growth of SMMEs in the city of Port Elizabeth
- Authors: Bussy, Matthew
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Business enterprises -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Small business -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Sustainable development -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51050 , vital:43204
- Description: SMMEs are the backbone of both established and developing economies with their ability to contribute to a country’s GDP, create employment, stimulate innovation and create new revenue streams. In South Africa the majority of SMMEs do not reach the critical threshold period for sustainability, defined by the Small Enterprise Development Agency (SEDA) as three years. This study explores twenty-five barriers and influences (nine external and sixteen internal) as experienced by small businesses operating in the city of Port Elizabeth, and their effect on the sustainability and success of the small business. The internal barriers and influences are ranked according to their relative importance to business sustainability and success as viewed by small businesses in the city of Port Elizabeth. The research is exploratory in nature and was conducted using a structured questionnaire. The findings show that the nineteen barriers and influencers that are controllable within the business are all important to the success and sustainability of small businesses. Of these internal factors, the most important one relatively speaking is found to be the general management abilities of management, and the least important, relatively speaking, is the education levels of the non-management employees. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business Administration, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Bussy, Matthew
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Business enterprises -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Small business -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth , Sustainable development -- South Africa -- Port Elizabeth
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51050 , vital:43204
- Description: SMMEs are the backbone of both established and developing economies with their ability to contribute to a country’s GDP, create employment, stimulate innovation and create new revenue streams. In South Africa the majority of SMMEs do not reach the critical threshold period for sustainability, defined by the Small Enterprise Development Agency (SEDA) as three years. This study explores twenty-five barriers and influences (nine external and sixteen internal) as experienced by small businesses operating in the city of Port Elizabeth, and their effect on the sustainability and success of the small business. The internal barriers and influences are ranked according to their relative importance to business sustainability and success as viewed by small businesses in the city of Port Elizabeth. The research is exploratory in nature and was conducted using a structured questionnaire. The findings show that the nineteen barriers and influencers that are controllable within the business are all important to the success and sustainability of small businesses. Of these internal factors, the most important one relatively speaking is found to be the general management abilities of management, and the least important, relatively speaking, is the education levels of the non-management employees. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business Administration, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Recreating a wetland at an abandoned saltworks : towards a rehabilitation plan
- Authors: Wasserman, Johan
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52146 , vital:43450
- Description: A saltworks at Swartkops Estuary was abandoned in 2018. While operational, the saltworks hosted some of the largest breeding colonies of several shorebird species in southern Africa and hosted thousands of Palearctic migrant waterbirds annually. The abandonment of the saltworks has resulted in the loss of the artificially managed hydrological regime and therefore the wetland function and habitat value of the site, and the rich and diverse avifauna that once occurred at the site have not returned. The rehabilitation of the saltworks as a wetland that functions as a waterbird sanctuary is currently being organised, and this research aimed to create a plan for implementing and monitoring the rehabilitation. In order to do so, the baseline environmental condition of the abandoned saltworks was established, the possible rehabilitation interventions necessary for rehabilitating the site were assessed, and the potential ecological implications of any interventions were investigated. The assessment of the saltworks’ baseline condition revealed that the site is now characterised by vast expanses of dry hypersaline sediment with sparse patches of monospecific vegetation and depauperate avifauna. The once rich and diverse waterbird communities have all but disappeared since the site was abandoned and are unlikely to return unless a managed hydrological regime is reinstated. Furthermore, it is improbable that salt marsh vegetation will cover the abandoned saltworks primarily due to the high sediment salinity that will persist unless the saltpans are flooded. The area will likely remain barren with little ecological value if no rehabilitation action is taken. Two potential rehabilitation options for reinstating a hydrological regime at the saltworks were identified: (1) pumping estuary water into all of the saltpans; or (2) pumping estuary water into some of the saltpans, while allowing the largest one to be filled with stormwater. Both options were deemed to be feasible; however, the second option will likely have lower running costs. The use of stormwater to fill the one saltpan is expected to result in brackish conditions initially, while the saltpans filled with estuary water would have salinity levels ranging from euhaline to slightly hypersaline. Both the stormwater and estuary water are rich in inorganic nutrients – the estuary water is rich in both dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), while the stormwater has an exceptionally high DIN content. This raised concerns of creating eutrophic wetlands with detrimental conditions such as algal blooms and a hypoxic water column. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Wasserman, Johan
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52146 , vital:43450
- Description: A saltworks at Swartkops Estuary was abandoned in 2018. While operational, the saltworks hosted some of the largest breeding colonies of several shorebird species in southern Africa and hosted thousands of Palearctic migrant waterbirds annually. The abandonment of the saltworks has resulted in the loss of the artificially managed hydrological regime and therefore the wetland function and habitat value of the site, and the rich and diverse avifauna that once occurred at the site have not returned. The rehabilitation of the saltworks as a wetland that functions as a waterbird sanctuary is currently being organised, and this research aimed to create a plan for implementing and monitoring the rehabilitation. In order to do so, the baseline environmental condition of the abandoned saltworks was established, the possible rehabilitation interventions necessary for rehabilitating the site were assessed, and the potential ecological implications of any interventions were investigated. The assessment of the saltworks’ baseline condition revealed that the site is now characterised by vast expanses of dry hypersaline sediment with sparse patches of monospecific vegetation and depauperate avifauna. The once rich and diverse waterbird communities have all but disappeared since the site was abandoned and are unlikely to return unless a managed hydrological regime is reinstated. Furthermore, it is improbable that salt marsh vegetation will cover the abandoned saltworks primarily due to the high sediment salinity that will persist unless the saltpans are flooded. The area will likely remain barren with little ecological value if no rehabilitation action is taken. Two potential rehabilitation options for reinstating a hydrological regime at the saltworks were identified: (1) pumping estuary water into all of the saltpans; or (2) pumping estuary water into some of the saltpans, while allowing the largest one to be filled with stormwater. Both options were deemed to be feasible; however, the second option will likely have lower running costs. The use of stormwater to fill the one saltpan is expected to result in brackish conditions initially, while the saltpans filled with estuary water would have salinity levels ranging from euhaline to slightly hypersaline. Both the stormwater and estuary water are rich in inorganic nutrients – the estuary water is rich in both dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), while the stormwater has an exceptionally high DIN content. This raised concerns of creating eutrophic wetlands with detrimental conditions such as algal blooms and a hypoxic water column. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Review of the rehabilitation and integration of offenders
- Authors: Darries, Share-Leigh
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Criminals--Rehabilitation--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51199 , vital:43219
- Description: “It is said that no one truly knows a nation until one has been inside its jails. A nation should not be judged by how it treats its highest citizens but its lowest ones – and South Africa treated its imprisoned African citizens like animals”.1 The constitutional mandate to ensure the successful rehabilitation and reintegration of offenders into society, upon eventual release falls on the South African Department of Correctional Services (DCS).2 In terms of this mandate, the Department is encumbered with the responsibility to develop programmes which not only addresses criminal conduct but results in the eventual drop of recidivism rates.3 Notwithstanding the Department’s inordinate efforts to discharge its constitutional mandate, recidivism rates continue to be on the rise.4 Built to digress from innate retributive traditions and the concept of punishment, the Department of Correctional Services proffered to alter our realities through the creation of an environment which essentially births different behaviours.5 A task rendered unattainable, as inordinate efforts become frustrated by the realities of prisons and the myth of rehabilitation. Despite having one of the most progressive criminal justice systems in the world, obstinate challenges in South African prisons and an overwhelming prison population make managing and translating its policies into practice all the more difficult.6 With high crime and recidivism rates inundating an already saturated criminal justice 1 Mandela Long Walk to Freedom: The Autobiography of Nelson Mandela (1994) 174-175. 2 Murhula and Singh “A Critical Analysis on Offenders Rehabilitation Approach in South Africa: A Review of the Literature” 2019 12 African Journal of Criminology and Justice Studies 21 21. 3 Ibid. 4 Ibid. 5 Department of Correctional Services “White Paper on Corrections in South Africa” (November 2004) (Republic of South Africa, Minister of Correctional Services)” http://wwww.dcs.gov.za/wpcontent/uploads/2016/08/WHITE-PAPER-8.pdf (accessed 2019-05-6) 5; Wainio “Inside the World’s Toughest Prisons season 3 premiere recap: Costa Rica: Prison on a Knife-Edge” https://www.google.co.za/amp/s/showsnob.com/2018/12/24/inside-the-worlds-toughest-prisonsseason-3-premiere/amp (accessed 2019-05-6). 6 McAree “Prisoner Rehabilitation in South Africa: A case study of Phoenix Zululand’s work in Eshowe Correctional Facilities” 2011 School for International Training 7. ix system, and exposure of minor offenders to hardened criminals become all the more common,7 the vision of translating every offender who walks through the prison gate into corrigible and law-abiding citizens8 become a far-kept dream. Instead, South African prisons become nothing but breeding grounds of criminality, 9 and temporary vessels of human right violations, as an inmates try to come to terms with the fact that their eventual release into society is met with ostracization, destabilized community relations and collateral consequences.10 Since offenders are usually detained for long periods on remand, prisons are innately prevented from becoming correctional centers despite this being a stated aim in the White Paper on Corrections.11 Against this backdrop, the researcher proffers to broaden the perpetual desire to construct a transformed and developed system; one which charts a course from innate retributive traditions to one which births rehabilitated offenders into society. Mindful of the obstinate penal system which undeniably perpetuates colonial structures through dichotomization, this treatise offers an altered reality, a system which respects and promotes the values and rights enshrined in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa.12 , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Criminal and Procedural Law, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Darries, Share-Leigh
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Criminals--Rehabilitation--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51199 , vital:43219
- Description: “It is said that no one truly knows a nation until one has been inside its jails. A nation should not be judged by how it treats its highest citizens but its lowest ones – and South Africa treated its imprisoned African citizens like animals”.1 The constitutional mandate to ensure the successful rehabilitation and reintegration of offenders into society, upon eventual release falls on the South African Department of Correctional Services (DCS).2 In terms of this mandate, the Department is encumbered with the responsibility to develop programmes which not only addresses criminal conduct but results in the eventual drop of recidivism rates.3 Notwithstanding the Department’s inordinate efforts to discharge its constitutional mandate, recidivism rates continue to be on the rise.4 Built to digress from innate retributive traditions and the concept of punishment, the Department of Correctional Services proffered to alter our realities through the creation of an environment which essentially births different behaviours.5 A task rendered unattainable, as inordinate efforts become frustrated by the realities of prisons and the myth of rehabilitation. Despite having one of the most progressive criminal justice systems in the world, obstinate challenges in South African prisons and an overwhelming prison population make managing and translating its policies into practice all the more difficult.6 With high crime and recidivism rates inundating an already saturated criminal justice 1 Mandela Long Walk to Freedom: The Autobiography of Nelson Mandela (1994) 174-175. 2 Murhula and Singh “A Critical Analysis on Offenders Rehabilitation Approach in South Africa: A Review of the Literature” 2019 12 African Journal of Criminology and Justice Studies 21 21. 3 Ibid. 4 Ibid. 5 Department of Correctional Services “White Paper on Corrections in South Africa” (November 2004) (Republic of South Africa, Minister of Correctional Services)” http://wwww.dcs.gov.za/wpcontent/uploads/2016/08/WHITE-PAPER-8.pdf (accessed 2019-05-6) 5; Wainio “Inside the World’s Toughest Prisons season 3 premiere recap: Costa Rica: Prison on a Knife-Edge” https://www.google.co.za/amp/s/showsnob.com/2018/12/24/inside-the-worlds-toughest-prisonsseason-3-premiere/amp (accessed 2019-05-6). 6 McAree “Prisoner Rehabilitation in South Africa: A case study of Phoenix Zululand’s work in Eshowe Correctional Facilities” 2011 School for International Training 7. ix system, and exposure of minor offenders to hardened criminals become all the more common,7 the vision of translating every offender who walks through the prison gate into corrigible and law-abiding citizens8 become a far-kept dream. Instead, South African prisons become nothing but breeding grounds of criminality, 9 and temporary vessels of human right violations, as an inmates try to come to terms with the fact that their eventual release into society is met with ostracization, destabilized community relations and collateral consequences.10 Since offenders are usually detained for long periods on remand, prisons are innately prevented from becoming correctional centers despite this being a stated aim in the White Paper on Corrections.11 Against this backdrop, the researcher proffers to broaden the perpetual desire to construct a transformed and developed system; one which charts a course from innate retributive traditions to one which births rehabilitated offenders into society. Mindful of the obstinate penal system which undeniably perpetuates colonial structures through dichotomization, this treatise offers an altered reality, a system which respects and promotes the values and rights enshrined in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa.12 , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Criminal and Procedural Law, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Rheology behaviour of slurries as a function of particle size and ion concentration
- Authors: Kondlo, Princess Kholiwe
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Port Elizabeth (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/53333 , vital:45141
- Description: In this work, the rheological properties of alumina slurries milled to different particle sizes were investigated. Viscosity increases as the particle size decreases. When increasing amounts of calcium hydroxide, strontium hydroxide or barium hydroxide are added, the viscosity first goes down and then goes up. This can be explained in terms of changes in pH and changes in ionic strength impacting on the surface potential of the particles in suspension. Adding the same concentration of different cations results in different viscosities, with the order being (from high to low viscosity) Ba>Sr>Ca. Effects of partial dissolution of and structural changes to the alumina particles at high pH cannot be excluded. In order to better understanding the different effects, it was attempted to measure the zeta potential of the slurries at different pH values. This resulted in highly positive zeta potential values over the complete pH range, without the observationof an iso-electric point. This does not fit to the observed changes in rheology and contrasts withliterature data. One explanation would be that the measurement system used is unsuitable to yield correct zeta potential values for the materials under investigation. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Kondlo, Princess Kholiwe
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Port Elizabeth (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/53333 , vital:45141
- Description: In this work, the rheological properties of alumina slurries milled to different particle sizes were investigated. Viscosity increases as the particle size decreases. When increasing amounts of calcium hydroxide, strontium hydroxide or barium hydroxide are added, the viscosity first goes down and then goes up. This can be explained in terms of changes in pH and changes in ionic strength impacting on the surface potential of the particles in suspension. Adding the same concentration of different cations results in different viscosities, with the order being (from high to low viscosity) Ba>Sr>Ca. Effects of partial dissolution of and structural changes to the alumina particles at high pH cannot be excluded. In order to better understanding the different effects, it was attempted to measure the zeta potential of the slurries at different pH values. This resulted in highly positive zeta potential values over the complete pH range, without the observationof an iso-electric point. This does not fit to the observed changes in rheology and contrasts withliterature data. One explanation would be that the measurement system used is unsuitable to yield correct zeta potential values for the materials under investigation. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Schistosomiasis: knowledge, attitudes and practices among Grade 4-7 primary school children and a retrospective prevalence in KwaNobuhle, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Hambury, Sydlynn Dorné
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: School children -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Attitudes
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51589 , vital:43320
- Description: Background: Schistosomiasis also known as Bilharzia is one of the most common parasitic water-borne disease of global health importance. This study investigated the KAP of Grades 4 to 7 children from 4 selected primary schools in the study area on schistosomiasis. Furthermore, using the secondary data, the researcher determined the prevalence of schistosomiasis in KwaNobuhle over a five-year period from 2014 to 2018 retrospectively. Methods: The study employed a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional survey research design approach similar to a study done by Parisi et al. (2019, p.1–14) on intestinal schistosomiasis. A structured, closed-ended, self-administered, Likert-scale questionnaire was used to collect data from 458 learners in Grades 4 to 7 and aged from 9 to 16 years. Data on retrospective prevalence was obtained from the District Health Information System (DHIS) and the National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) within the Nelson Mandela Bay. The data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The leaners’ overall knowledge and attitudes towards schistosomiasis were poor based on the overall low-knowledge scores, which was 46% in the lowest category from 0-19 points. Urinary schistosomiasis infections within the study area showed an increase from the years 2014 to 2017; but declined in the year 2018. Additionally, the males 99 (24%) had a higher prevalence compared to the females 6 (1%) (p=<0.0005, V= 0.33 medium). The highest rate of disease infections was found in individuals between the ages of 10 and 19 years (p=<0.0005, V=0.43 medium). Conclusion: In conclusion, the researcher found that the overall knowledge and attitudes towards schistosomiasis among the learners were poor. The study further revealed that the rate of urinary schistosomiasis infections within the study area had increased from the years 2014 to 2017; but had declined in the year 2018. Recommendations were made to emphasise the need for education and awareness programmes on the disease-transmission pattern and control measures. , Thesis (MTech) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Hambury, Sydlynn Dorné
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: School children -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- Attitudes
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51589 , vital:43320
- Description: Background: Schistosomiasis also known as Bilharzia is one of the most common parasitic water-borne disease of global health importance. This study investigated the KAP of Grades 4 to 7 children from 4 selected primary schools in the study area on schistosomiasis. Furthermore, using the secondary data, the researcher determined the prevalence of schistosomiasis in KwaNobuhle over a five-year period from 2014 to 2018 retrospectively. Methods: The study employed a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional survey research design approach similar to a study done by Parisi et al. (2019, p.1–14) on intestinal schistosomiasis. A structured, closed-ended, self-administered, Likert-scale questionnaire was used to collect data from 458 learners in Grades 4 to 7 and aged from 9 to 16 years. Data on retrospective prevalence was obtained from the District Health Information System (DHIS) and the National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS) within the Nelson Mandela Bay. The data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The leaners’ overall knowledge and attitudes towards schistosomiasis were poor based on the overall low-knowledge scores, which was 46% in the lowest category from 0-19 points. Urinary schistosomiasis infections within the study area showed an increase from the years 2014 to 2017; but declined in the year 2018. Additionally, the males 99 (24%) had a higher prevalence compared to the females 6 (1%) (p=<0.0005, V= 0.33 medium). The highest rate of disease infections was found in individuals between the ages of 10 and 19 years (p=<0.0005, V=0.43 medium). Conclusion: In conclusion, the researcher found that the overall knowledge and attitudes towards schistosomiasis among the learners were poor. The study further revealed that the rate of urinary schistosomiasis infections within the study area had increased from the years 2014 to 2017; but had declined in the year 2018. Recommendations were made to emphasise the need for education and awareness programmes on the disease-transmission pattern and control measures. , Thesis (MTech) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Smallholder farmers’ perception in the adoption of in-field rainwater harvesting techniques in Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality, Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Mtyelwa, Chuma https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0696-4340
- Authors: Mtyelwa, Chuma https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0696-4340
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Farms, Small , Water harvesting
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21367 , vital:48499
- Description: Dissemination, adoption and continued use of adopted technologies are key requirements for improved smallholder farmers’ productivity. In an attempt to improve smallholder agricultural production and creating a resilient smallholder agricultural sector, many technologies such as the in-field rainwater harvesting technique (IRWHT) have been put in place. IRWHT has a tremendous potential for improving livelihoods of rural smallholder farmers, thus decreasing their vulnerability to vagaries of climate change. However, though IRWHT was promoted for agricultural crop production improvement, smallholder farmers discontinued its adoption. This study critically assessed the perception of smallholder farmers in Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality (RMLM) on the use of the in-field rainwater harvesting technique to assess the underlying factors that led to IRWHT dis-adoption. This study adopted a descriptive study design; purposive sampling was used to select a sample of 120 smallholder farmers that initially adopted IRWHT. Data was gathered through a face-to-face interview and with a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistical analysis frequency count, percentages, means and standard deviation were used for quantitative data analysis. The findings revealed that 96percent of smallholder farmers dis-adopted IRWHT after initial adoption. Moreover, IRWHT was dis-adopted 5-8 years post adoption. Critical reasons behind discontinuity include small land size (23percent), lack of reliable water source (18percent), complexity of IRWHT, continual extension support (17percent) and IRWHT taking up much space (13percent), amongst others. This study also revealed that farmers’ perception towards the innovation attributes of IRWHT, in relative advantage over economic returns such as profitability, had an impact on dis-adoption of IRWHT, with a negative farmers’ perception (𝑥̅ = 2.95). Complexity of IRWHT was associated with discontinuity of IRWHT by smallholder farmers in RMLM, with the majority (60percent) of smallholder farmers indicating that IRWHT was labour intensive. Some (39.9percent) stated that implementation of IRWHT was time consuming. Innovation attributes that led to a high rate of initial adoption were relative advantage with better yield (𝑥̅ = 4. 38) and compatibility. Smallholder farmers indicated that IRWHT can be implemented with cheaper and available working tools (𝑥̅ = 3.54). On trialability, smallholder farmers indicated that IRWHT was triable in different seasons and on observability smallholder farmers had a positive perception (𝑥̅ = 3.81) towards observable improved crop yield. Smallholder farmers had a positive perception (𝑥̅ = 4.14) of extension service support during the scaling-up of IRWHT although they indicated that the extension service support had ceased. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Mtyelwa, Chuma https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0696-4340
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Farms, Small , Water harvesting
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21367 , vital:48499
- Description: Dissemination, adoption and continued use of adopted technologies are key requirements for improved smallholder farmers’ productivity. In an attempt to improve smallholder agricultural production and creating a resilient smallholder agricultural sector, many technologies such as the in-field rainwater harvesting technique (IRWHT) have been put in place. IRWHT has a tremendous potential for improving livelihoods of rural smallholder farmers, thus decreasing their vulnerability to vagaries of climate change. However, though IRWHT was promoted for agricultural crop production improvement, smallholder farmers discontinued its adoption. This study critically assessed the perception of smallholder farmers in Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality (RMLM) on the use of the in-field rainwater harvesting technique to assess the underlying factors that led to IRWHT dis-adoption. This study adopted a descriptive study design; purposive sampling was used to select a sample of 120 smallholder farmers that initially adopted IRWHT. Data was gathered through a face-to-face interview and with a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistical analysis frequency count, percentages, means and standard deviation were used for quantitative data analysis. The findings revealed that 96percent of smallholder farmers dis-adopted IRWHT after initial adoption. Moreover, IRWHT was dis-adopted 5-8 years post adoption. Critical reasons behind discontinuity include small land size (23percent), lack of reliable water source (18percent), complexity of IRWHT, continual extension support (17percent) and IRWHT taking up much space (13percent), amongst others. This study also revealed that farmers’ perception towards the innovation attributes of IRWHT, in relative advantage over economic returns such as profitability, had an impact on dis-adoption of IRWHT, with a negative farmers’ perception (𝑥̅ = 2.95). Complexity of IRWHT was associated with discontinuity of IRWHT by smallholder farmers in RMLM, with the majority (60percent) of smallholder farmers indicating that IRWHT was labour intensive. Some (39.9percent) stated that implementation of IRWHT was time consuming. Innovation attributes that led to a high rate of initial adoption were relative advantage with better yield (𝑥̅ = 4. 38) and compatibility. Smallholder farmers indicated that IRWHT can be implemented with cheaper and available working tools (𝑥̅ = 3.54). On trialability, smallholder farmers indicated that IRWHT was triable in different seasons and on observability smallholder farmers had a positive perception (𝑥̅ = 3.81) towards observable improved crop yield. Smallholder farmers had a positive perception (𝑥̅ = 4.14) of extension service support during the scaling-up of IRWHT although they indicated that the extension service support had ceased. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Smart factory adoption for a dairy factory in South Africa
- Authors: Rudman, Richard
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52963 , vital:44895
- Description: Smart Factories are a key component of Industry 4.0 and have over the last few years become a relevant topic in manufacturing across all industries. The dairy industry is no different and many of the leading dairy manufacturers have adopted many Smart Factory components and technologies. These Smart Factory components and technologies have led to change in the workplace compared to the traditional way of manufacturing. With any organisational change, it is important to consider the impact that it has on the employees of the organisations and what their attitudes and perceptions towards these changes are. When understanding employees’ attitude and perceptions of changes or factors with regard to technological changes in the workplace, organisations can manage and improve the adoption of Smart Factory Adoption. There is limited research on Smart Factory adoption in the dairy manufacturing industry in South Africa. A conceptual model was proposed based on a literature study, identifying the main factors that influence the adoption of a Smart Dairy Factory. A hypothesised model was tested by conducting a research study with a sample of employees from different hierarchical levels in a dairy factory. The questionnaire was distributed to employees and management in the organisation. The results and insights obtained, determined the factors that influence the adoption of a Smart Dairy Factory in South Africa. This study identified that the independent factors of Individual Factors, Job Security, Perceived Benefits, Trust, Company Culture towards new innovations/technologies, Company Culture with employee involvement towards new innovation/technologies, Cost and Resources, Employee perceived value of Skills and Training and Organisational Skills and Training development all have a significant positive effect on Smart Dairy Adoption. The study further identified that the Job Level of employees have a significant effect on all of the factors influencing the Smart Dairy Adoption. This is a significant finding due to the fact that management, in general, is responsible for implementing Smart Factory technologies, whereas the general workforce are the ones accepting and being affected most by the change. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, NMU Business School, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Rudman, Richard
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52963 , vital:44895
- Description: Smart Factories are a key component of Industry 4.0 and have over the last few years become a relevant topic in manufacturing across all industries. The dairy industry is no different and many of the leading dairy manufacturers have adopted many Smart Factory components and technologies. These Smart Factory components and technologies have led to change in the workplace compared to the traditional way of manufacturing. With any organisational change, it is important to consider the impact that it has on the employees of the organisations and what their attitudes and perceptions towards these changes are. When understanding employees’ attitude and perceptions of changes or factors with regard to technological changes in the workplace, organisations can manage and improve the adoption of Smart Factory Adoption. There is limited research on Smart Factory adoption in the dairy manufacturing industry in South Africa. A conceptual model was proposed based on a literature study, identifying the main factors that influence the adoption of a Smart Dairy Factory. A hypothesised model was tested by conducting a research study with a sample of employees from different hierarchical levels in a dairy factory. The questionnaire was distributed to employees and management in the organisation. The results and insights obtained, determined the factors that influence the adoption of a Smart Dairy Factory in South Africa. This study identified that the independent factors of Individual Factors, Job Security, Perceived Benefits, Trust, Company Culture towards new innovations/technologies, Company Culture with employee involvement towards new innovation/technologies, Cost and Resources, Employee perceived value of Skills and Training and Organisational Skills and Training development all have a significant positive effect on Smart Dairy Adoption. The study further identified that the Job Level of employees have a significant effect on all of the factors influencing the Smart Dairy Adoption. This is a significant finding due to the fact that management, in general, is responsible for implementing Smart Factory technologies, whereas the general workforce are the ones accepting and being affected most by the change. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, NMU Business School, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Software robot process automation at the South African Revenue Service (SARS)
- Authors: Ferreira, Cheryl-Ann
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Automation , Automation -- Economic aspects , South African Revenue Service
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51383 , vital:43270
- Description: Technology is everywhere and what was inconceivable five years ago, such as selfdriving vehicles, drones and virtual assistants are now changing the way we perceive professions in the future. The latest software is utilised to discover new drugs, translate languages and even invest large sums of money. The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), also referred to as Industry 4.0, is disrupting almost every industry worldwide and changing entire production systems and the management thereof and governance Artificial intelligence (AI) is not new and due to recent developments in information and technology, the impact thereof will be more significant in the near future. This research has tried to gain insight into the perceptions of employees and management regarding the factors that influence the attitude towards Robotic Process Automation (RPA) are beneficial for both the organisation and the employees. The aim of this treatise was to develop a greater knowledge and understanding of RPA, to identify the factors that are significant for a conceptual model and gain an understanding of the alignment of the views of employees and management pertaining to the factors that influence the attitude towards RPA. The information gained from this treatise could assist SARS leadership to better understand the perceptions of employees and management pertaining to RPA. The research furthermore endeavoured to discover the factors that affect the attitude towards RPA, to identify back office processes for RPA and to ascertain the benefits to SARS of utilising RPA. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business Administration, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Ferreira, Cheryl-Ann
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Automation , Automation -- Economic aspects , South African Revenue Service
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51383 , vital:43270
- Description: Technology is everywhere and what was inconceivable five years ago, such as selfdriving vehicles, drones and virtual assistants are now changing the way we perceive professions in the future. The latest software is utilised to discover new drugs, translate languages and even invest large sums of money. The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), also referred to as Industry 4.0, is disrupting almost every industry worldwide and changing entire production systems and the management thereof and governance Artificial intelligence (AI) is not new and due to recent developments in information and technology, the impact thereof will be more significant in the near future. This research has tried to gain insight into the perceptions of employees and management regarding the factors that influence the attitude towards Robotic Process Automation (RPA) are beneficial for both the organisation and the employees. The aim of this treatise was to develop a greater knowledge and understanding of RPA, to identify the factors that are significant for a conceptual model and gain an understanding of the alignment of the views of employees and management pertaining to the factors that influence the attitude towards RPA. The information gained from this treatise could assist SARS leadership to better understand the perceptions of employees and management pertaining to RPA. The research furthermore endeavoured to discover the factors that affect the attitude towards RPA, to identify back office processes for RPA and to ascertain the benefits to SARS of utilising RPA. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, Business Administration, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
South African foreign policy under Zuma administration: a case study of Al-Bashir, human rights and National interest
- Authors: Govane, Akhona Zizo
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: International relations -- 21st century , South Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52535 , vital:43684
- Description: The purpose of the study was to conduct an analysis on whether the foreign policy under the Zuma administration served to protect and promote human rights or whether it served national interest. This was done by analyzing foreign relationships South Africa had under the Zuma administration. The analysis of the research was guided by answering whether the initial 1993 ANC human rights orientated foreign policy was still practiced or whether it was more focused on national interest. Previous work has failed to address the relationships South Africa had with undemocratic and/or authoritarian states during Zuma’s tenure, this includes the arms deal trade with the Arabic states, Russia and China, which resulted in the overlooking of human rights violations by its foreign relations, which resulted in the 1993 ANC proclamations of a human rights orientated foreign policy being no longer practiced. The study followed the qualitative research approach, with the use of documentary analysis for the purpose of the literature review, with the use of case studies. The findings hold that the South African foreign policy during the Zuma administration prioritized national interest and the protection of its foreign relations. The findings also highlight the importance of public participation in international agreements prior to the legalization of them. This study also provided suggestions for future research projects, which will allow for the public to be involved in decisions - that will affect their livelihood - that are taken by the state and to be able to hold the executive accountable for the decisions they make. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Govane, Akhona Zizo
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: International relations -- 21st century , South Africa -- Politics and government
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52535 , vital:43684
- Description: The purpose of the study was to conduct an analysis on whether the foreign policy under the Zuma administration served to protect and promote human rights or whether it served national interest. This was done by analyzing foreign relationships South Africa had under the Zuma administration. The analysis of the research was guided by answering whether the initial 1993 ANC human rights orientated foreign policy was still practiced or whether it was more focused on national interest. Previous work has failed to address the relationships South Africa had with undemocratic and/or authoritarian states during Zuma’s tenure, this includes the arms deal trade with the Arabic states, Russia and China, which resulted in the overlooking of human rights violations by its foreign relations, which resulted in the 1993 ANC proclamations of a human rights orientated foreign policy being no longer practiced. The study followed the qualitative research approach, with the use of documentary analysis for the purpose of the literature review, with the use of case studies. The findings hold that the South African foreign policy during the Zuma administration prioritized national interest and the protection of its foreign relations. The findings also highlight the importance of public participation in international agreements prior to the legalization of them. This study also provided suggestions for future research projects, which will allow for the public to be involved in decisions - that will affect their livelihood - that are taken by the state and to be able to hold the executive accountable for the decisions they make. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Strategies to sustain SMEs post the hard lockdown period: a multiple case study in Gauteng
- Rabohale, Mokabolane Innocent
- Authors: Rabohale, Mokabolane Innocent
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/53015 , vital:44889
- Description: The outbreak of the Covid 19 pandemic and the lockdown restrictions imposed by the government in March 2020 exacerbated uncertain conditions of the weak South African business environment. This meant that SME owners and managers in different sectors had to implement strategies to manoeuvre the further weakened and unprecedented business environment. To investigate this, the research question asked was: what sustainable strategies will SME owners and managers craft and implement to use post the lockdown period? The study analysed strategies before, during, and post the hard lockdown period to provide insight into how SMEs adopted to the uncertain business environment. This study interviewed twenty (20) SMEs in different sectors in Gauteng to explore strategies that SME owners and managers used to sustain their businesses prior to, during, and post the level 5 and level 4 lockdown. The study revealed strategies employed by SME owners across five sectors. Furthermore, the study indicated that during the hard lockdown, owners used a “wait and see” strategy in different degrees. Post the level 5 and 4 lockdown, different sectors were innovating, cost cutting, and digitisation according to their level of comfortability and diversification. The study reveals that strategic planning was missing prior, during, and post the level 4 and 5 lockdowns, despite SME owners’ educational background. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, NMU Business School, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Rabohale, Mokabolane Innocent
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/53015 , vital:44889
- Description: The outbreak of the Covid 19 pandemic and the lockdown restrictions imposed by the government in March 2020 exacerbated uncertain conditions of the weak South African business environment. This meant that SME owners and managers in different sectors had to implement strategies to manoeuvre the further weakened and unprecedented business environment. To investigate this, the research question asked was: what sustainable strategies will SME owners and managers craft and implement to use post the lockdown period? The study analysed strategies before, during, and post the hard lockdown period to provide insight into how SMEs adopted to the uncertain business environment. This study interviewed twenty (20) SMEs in different sectors in Gauteng to explore strategies that SME owners and managers used to sustain their businesses prior to, during, and post the level 5 and level 4 lockdown. The study revealed strategies employed by SME owners across five sectors. Furthermore, the study indicated that during the hard lockdown, owners used a “wait and see” strategy in different degrees. Post the level 5 and 4 lockdown, different sectors were innovating, cost cutting, and digitisation according to their level of comfortability and diversification. The study reveals that strategic planning was missing prior, during, and post the level 4 and 5 lockdowns, despite SME owners’ educational background. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, NMU Business School, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04