Portrayals of masculinity in selected Nigerian plays
- Authors: Onuoha, Beatrice Nwawuloke
- Date: 2021-06
- Subjects: Masculinity in literature , Nigeria -- In literature
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22131 , vital:51985
- Description: This work critically interrogates the portrayal of masculinity in plays written by both male and female Nigerian playwrights. Selected plays (three from each author) of Wole Soyinka, Femi Osofisan, Tess Onwueme and Tracie Utoh-Ezeajugh were studied in order to proffer answers to certain critical questions, some of which include determining whether the way male playwrights construct the psychosocial temperament of lead male characters differs from how such is depicted in the works of female authors. The study also sought to ascertain how the concept of masculinity has evolved through the careers of three generations of playwriting in Nigeria. While evaluating the differences that exist in the portrayal of masculinity in the male lead characters in the works of selected male playwrights when compared to those of their female counterparts, the study equally examines the portrayals of male identities in the selected texts. It also evaluates the notion of masculinity shift among the three generations of Nigerian playwrights with a view to ascertaining how textual portrayals of characters and events reflect the changing values that are held about male identities in different Nigerian societies. In executing these objectives, the study adopts a qualitative method, and then eclectically employs Raewyn Connell’s (1995) Theory of Masculinity, Judith Butler’s (1990) Theory of Performativity, and Louis Athan Althusser’s (1970) Idea of Interpellation as the Theoretical Framework to guide the analysis and interpretation of the selected texts. Furthermore, the study follows a constructivist model that involves several stages including the identification of the selected plays as the main texts, a perusal of the plays, review of the literature on gender portrayals in the plays, and a critiquing of the portrayal of masculinity in them. The findings of the analysis reveal that masculinity is a conditional, provisional and elusive subject. It is created in a certain socio-cultural and historical context and evolves according to situations. The studied texts demonstrate the artistic agency of women in constructing men’s masculinity. They imply that masculinity and femininity are like Siamese twins in the building of a peaceful, strong, and new nation. Moreover, the playwrights under study divulge that power is the key factor in (de)constructing and (re)defining of masculinity of men. Through their plays, the dramatists challenge and attempt to change the stereotypical constructs of men, dismantle the traditional gender roles and propose a new way of envisioning gender, where hegemonic principles can be nullified. It is therefore the submission of this work that Soyinka, Osofisan, Onwueme and Utoh-Ezeajugh do not affirm the social construct of masculinity but rather interrogate them. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Authors: Onuoha, Beatrice Nwawuloke
- Date: 2021-06
- Subjects: Masculinity in literature , Nigeria -- In literature
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22131 , vital:51985
- Description: This work critically interrogates the portrayal of masculinity in plays written by both male and female Nigerian playwrights. Selected plays (three from each author) of Wole Soyinka, Femi Osofisan, Tess Onwueme and Tracie Utoh-Ezeajugh were studied in order to proffer answers to certain critical questions, some of which include determining whether the way male playwrights construct the psychosocial temperament of lead male characters differs from how such is depicted in the works of female authors. The study also sought to ascertain how the concept of masculinity has evolved through the careers of three generations of playwriting in Nigeria. While evaluating the differences that exist in the portrayal of masculinity in the male lead characters in the works of selected male playwrights when compared to those of their female counterparts, the study equally examines the portrayals of male identities in the selected texts. It also evaluates the notion of masculinity shift among the three generations of Nigerian playwrights with a view to ascertaining how textual portrayals of characters and events reflect the changing values that are held about male identities in different Nigerian societies. In executing these objectives, the study adopts a qualitative method, and then eclectically employs Raewyn Connell’s (1995) Theory of Masculinity, Judith Butler’s (1990) Theory of Performativity, and Louis Athan Althusser’s (1970) Idea of Interpellation as the Theoretical Framework to guide the analysis and interpretation of the selected texts. Furthermore, the study follows a constructivist model that involves several stages including the identification of the selected plays as the main texts, a perusal of the plays, review of the literature on gender portrayals in the plays, and a critiquing of the portrayal of masculinity in them. The findings of the analysis reveal that masculinity is a conditional, provisional and elusive subject. It is created in a certain socio-cultural and historical context and evolves according to situations. The studied texts demonstrate the artistic agency of women in constructing men’s masculinity. They imply that masculinity and femininity are like Siamese twins in the building of a peaceful, strong, and new nation. Moreover, the playwrights under study divulge that power is the key factor in (de)constructing and (re)defining of masculinity of men. Through their plays, the dramatists challenge and attempt to change the stereotypical constructs of men, dismantle the traditional gender roles and propose a new way of envisioning gender, where hegemonic principles can be nullified. It is therefore the submission of this work that Soyinka, Osofisan, Onwueme and Utoh-Ezeajugh do not affirm the social construct of masculinity but rather interrogate them. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
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The implementation of National Core Standards with specific reference to clinical leadership: A case of Frere Hospital
- Authors: Rasi, Wandisa
- Date: 2021-06
- Subjects: Health facilities -- Standards , Health services administration -- Standards
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21914 , vital:51842
- Description: BACKGROUND: Generally, many people in South Africa have difficulty accessing quality health services due to poor public service. Over 42 million citizens do not have health insurance and are growing sicker as they age. Health facilities, such as public health centers, are their only recourse. Health authorities in South Africa fail to monitor patient care effectively, as evidenced by their uninspiring record on patient experience. Anecdotes of poor patient experiences are extensive with the health ombudsman. The Office of Health Standards Compliance (OHSC) reports horrifying stories of patients sleeping on hospital floors due to the shortage of beds, patients unable to receive critical surgical treatment due to shortage of doctors, medical supplies and equipment failure or lack thereof. A few union protests have highlighted the poor quality of public healthcare. But it is not uncommon for South Africans to voice their displeasure over poor public healthcare. Health services are individualised and there is no specific interest group or community that is affected by this overall unpleasant experience. Indications of the growing public campaign against the deteriorating healthcare system may be as simple as the increasing number of medical legal claims. This study focuses on the implementation of national core standards with specific reference to clinical leadership. This study focuses on the implementation of national core standards with specific reference to clinical leadership. RESEARCH AIM: This research seeks to explore the effectiveness of the implementation of NCSs with specific reference to Clinical Leadership in Frere Hospital. It also wants to assess if the Frere hospital upholds the national core standards METHOD: qualitative research design was used in this study. Semi-structured, individual interviews were conducted. CONCLUSION: The researcher concluded that it is quite evident that the public health sector is complex and that environmental influence affect the ECDOH Functions within the health system. There is a relationship between clinical leadership and service delivery; now, to improve service delivery within the Frere hospital, strong leadership is needed to drive the change towards implementing the NCS. Ultimately, Frere hospital does not uphold the NCSs, and the staff needs to be educated on what is and how it can improve the hospital’s service delivery. RECOMMENDATIONS: Effective public leadership development, high performing and accountable leadership behavioural measurement at the most senior level at the Frere hospital is very empirical in driving effective delivery of services to patients. Effective Performance management, visible leadership role at all management levels. Performance appraisal system needs to be engineered to focus on performance and results. Recognition and Implementation of clinical leadership. Establish a culture and implementation of good governance principles in health institutions. Establish an institution based OHSC office that is visible and implement NCS through Batho Pele Principles. , Thesis (MPH) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, Public Health, 2021
- Full Text:
- Authors: Rasi, Wandisa
- Date: 2021-06
- Subjects: Health facilities -- Standards , Health services administration -- Standards
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21914 , vital:51842
- Description: BACKGROUND: Generally, many people in South Africa have difficulty accessing quality health services due to poor public service. Over 42 million citizens do not have health insurance and are growing sicker as they age. Health facilities, such as public health centers, are their only recourse. Health authorities in South Africa fail to monitor patient care effectively, as evidenced by their uninspiring record on patient experience. Anecdotes of poor patient experiences are extensive with the health ombudsman. The Office of Health Standards Compliance (OHSC) reports horrifying stories of patients sleeping on hospital floors due to the shortage of beds, patients unable to receive critical surgical treatment due to shortage of doctors, medical supplies and equipment failure or lack thereof. A few union protests have highlighted the poor quality of public healthcare. But it is not uncommon for South Africans to voice their displeasure over poor public healthcare. Health services are individualised and there is no specific interest group or community that is affected by this overall unpleasant experience. Indications of the growing public campaign against the deteriorating healthcare system may be as simple as the increasing number of medical legal claims. This study focuses on the implementation of national core standards with specific reference to clinical leadership. This study focuses on the implementation of national core standards with specific reference to clinical leadership. RESEARCH AIM: This research seeks to explore the effectiveness of the implementation of NCSs with specific reference to Clinical Leadership in Frere Hospital. It also wants to assess if the Frere hospital upholds the national core standards METHOD: qualitative research design was used in this study. Semi-structured, individual interviews were conducted. CONCLUSION: The researcher concluded that it is quite evident that the public health sector is complex and that environmental influence affect the ECDOH Functions within the health system. There is a relationship between clinical leadership and service delivery; now, to improve service delivery within the Frere hospital, strong leadership is needed to drive the change towards implementing the NCS. Ultimately, Frere hospital does not uphold the NCSs, and the staff needs to be educated on what is and how it can improve the hospital’s service delivery. RECOMMENDATIONS: Effective public leadership development, high performing and accountable leadership behavioural measurement at the most senior level at the Frere hospital is very empirical in driving effective delivery of services to patients. Effective Performance management, visible leadership role at all management levels. Performance appraisal system needs to be engineered to focus on performance and results. Recognition and Implementation of clinical leadership. Establish a culture and implementation of good governance principles in health institutions. Establish an institution based OHSC office that is visible and implement NCS through Batho Pele Principles. , Thesis (MPH) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, Public Health, 2021
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The influence of socially constructed masculinities on gender-based violence: A content analysis of published academic literature
- Authors: Cajee, Mumtaaz
- Date: 2021-06
- Subjects: Family violence , Sex (Psychology)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23688 , vital:58304
- Description: Gender-based violence is a global epidemic. Masculinities-focused interventions have a positive influence on behaviour and contribute toward positive attitudes and gender equality (Das et al., 2012). These interventions have a positive influence on factors associated with gender-based violence. However, some studies found that this influence is behavioural and does not influence patriarchal beliefs (Jewkes et al., 2010; Roy & Das, 2014). Highlighting that intervention on gender-based violence requires redress. This research sought to establish what has been published in academic literature on the influence of masculinities on gender-based violence. The research was addressed through the social constructionist paradigm; it used a mixed methods approach to research. A content-analysis was applied to 100 published academic articles that were sampled from the University of Fort Hare’s online library database using purposive sampling. The research method and design is appropriately suited to the theoretical framework – social constructionism. Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA) software was used to code the quantitative and qualitative data through deductive and inductive means. The quantitative results were interpreted using descriptive statistics. The qualitative findings were analysed using thematic analysis (Braun and Clarke, 2006). The research in this sample is mostly qualitative, majority of the research within the sample was published between 2007 and 2018, and male participants are primarily focused on within research on this topic. Majority of the research within the sample was conducted using North American Participants. The findings support previous literature. They indicated that masculine norms, compensatory masculinity, and victimization of gender non-conforming individuals are the most prominent themes within the sample. The results indicated various gaps within the research. There is an indication that different dimensions of masculinity are associated with different forms of gender-based violence. It is recommended that future research focus on the different dimensions of masculinity and their association with various forms of genderbased violence in order to appropriately inform preventative strategies and intervention. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Authors: Cajee, Mumtaaz
- Date: 2021-06
- Subjects: Family violence , Sex (Psychology)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23688 , vital:58304
- Description: Gender-based violence is a global epidemic. Masculinities-focused interventions have a positive influence on behaviour and contribute toward positive attitudes and gender equality (Das et al., 2012). These interventions have a positive influence on factors associated with gender-based violence. However, some studies found that this influence is behavioural and does not influence patriarchal beliefs (Jewkes et al., 2010; Roy & Das, 2014). Highlighting that intervention on gender-based violence requires redress. This research sought to establish what has been published in academic literature on the influence of masculinities on gender-based violence. The research was addressed through the social constructionist paradigm; it used a mixed methods approach to research. A content-analysis was applied to 100 published academic articles that were sampled from the University of Fort Hare’s online library database using purposive sampling. The research method and design is appropriately suited to the theoretical framework – social constructionism. Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA) software was used to code the quantitative and qualitative data through deductive and inductive means. The quantitative results were interpreted using descriptive statistics. The qualitative findings were analysed using thematic analysis (Braun and Clarke, 2006). The research in this sample is mostly qualitative, majority of the research within the sample was published between 2007 and 2018, and male participants are primarily focused on within research on this topic. Majority of the research within the sample was conducted using North American Participants. The findings support previous literature. They indicated that masculine norms, compensatory masculinity, and victimization of gender non-conforming individuals are the most prominent themes within the sample. The results indicated various gaps within the research. There is an indication that different dimensions of masculinity are associated with different forms of gender-based violence. It is recommended that future research focus on the different dimensions of masculinity and their association with various forms of genderbased violence in order to appropriately inform preventative strategies and intervention. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
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The role of cooperatives in local economic development in Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality: A participatory monitoring and evaluation approach
- Gxabuza, Fundiswa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2654-7365
- Authors: Gxabuza, Fundiswa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2654-7365
- Date: 2021-06
- Subjects: Cooperative societies , Economic development , Participatory monitoring and evaluation (Project management)
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20273 , vital:45645
- Description: The goal to halve unemployment in South Africa by 2014 has remained, to date, elusive. In the particular case of the Eastern Cape Province, the challenge of combating unemployment is even more daunting, as it currently faces high unemployment rates. However, while there is evidence that initiatives to promote employment generation could be reinforced through Local Economic Development (LED) and, in particular, cooperatives, not much has been reported on how cooperatives contribute in minimising unemployment in the Province. The Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) points to the inadequacy of the Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) of cooperatives as a critical challenge that has largely remained unaddressed. The inadequacy of M&E in respect to the role of cooperatives in employment and LED has affected cooperatives, generally, and those operating in the Eastern Cape, particularly. This study argues for a participatory approach to relevant M&E frameworks and, thus, presents a participatory monitoring and evaluation (PM&E) framework for evaluating cooperatives’ impact on LED. The testable framework for PM&E is partially derived from participatory action research (PAR) methodologies, where the researcher and cooperatives identify and define the problem to be solved. The thesis then develops the framework by integrating PM&E and PAR approaches in the evaluation of cooperatives’ role in employment creation and LED. By reviewing relevant literature, this study identified, assessed, and synthesized important elements for its suggested framework. Research on cooperatives has tended to focus on their role as agents of development, and much has already focussed on sharing relevant lessons learnt. Fewer studies have, by contrast, focussed on an engaged methodology for the evaluation of cooperatives’ efforts in development. The findings of this current study show that a PM&E/PAR framework must be a joint effort of all affected parties; where the researcher and/or facilitator assumes the role of a change agent, and where participants are leaders of the movement in the course for action. This study was based in East London, and the target population consisted of primary cooperatives. Primary cooperatives are defined by the Buffalo City Integrated Cooperative Development Strategy (BCMM ICDS, 2016) are cooperative that have at least five members, and whose aim is providing employment to said members. The research design for this study was exploratory and inductive. As noted previously, this study adopted a qualitative research approach that combined PAR and PM&E. Two sets of data collection were utilised, namely focus group interviews (FGIs) and an emailed questionnaire (EQ). The FGIs were conducted with the overall study population, namely 14 cooperatives. The EQ was given to specific individual participants, namely senior government and municipal officials who are responsible for the noted cooperatives. The underlying theoretical framework for this research was empowerment, agency, and the theory of community development. A qualitative data analysis was utilised based on the translation of meaning not frequency. The search for meaning elicited rich insights pertaining to participants’ views and interpretations. In all, this study established that the participating Eastern Cape cooperatives have not yet achieved their desired contributory role of promoting LED; specifically, in terms of job creation. , Thesis (DPhil) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2021
- Full Text:
- Authors: Gxabuza, Fundiswa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2654-7365
- Date: 2021-06
- Subjects: Cooperative societies , Economic development , Participatory monitoring and evaluation (Project management)
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20273 , vital:45645
- Description: The goal to halve unemployment in South Africa by 2014 has remained, to date, elusive. In the particular case of the Eastern Cape Province, the challenge of combating unemployment is even more daunting, as it currently faces high unemployment rates. However, while there is evidence that initiatives to promote employment generation could be reinforced through Local Economic Development (LED) and, in particular, cooperatives, not much has been reported on how cooperatives contribute in minimising unemployment in the Province. The Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) points to the inadequacy of the Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) of cooperatives as a critical challenge that has largely remained unaddressed. The inadequacy of M&E in respect to the role of cooperatives in employment and LED has affected cooperatives, generally, and those operating in the Eastern Cape, particularly. This study argues for a participatory approach to relevant M&E frameworks and, thus, presents a participatory monitoring and evaluation (PM&E) framework for evaluating cooperatives’ impact on LED. The testable framework for PM&E is partially derived from participatory action research (PAR) methodologies, where the researcher and cooperatives identify and define the problem to be solved. The thesis then develops the framework by integrating PM&E and PAR approaches in the evaluation of cooperatives’ role in employment creation and LED. By reviewing relevant literature, this study identified, assessed, and synthesized important elements for its suggested framework. Research on cooperatives has tended to focus on their role as agents of development, and much has already focussed on sharing relevant lessons learnt. Fewer studies have, by contrast, focussed on an engaged methodology for the evaluation of cooperatives’ efforts in development. The findings of this current study show that a PM&E/PAR framework must be a joint effort of all affected parties; where the researcher and/or facilitator assumes the role of a change agent, and where participants are leaders of the movement in the course for action. This study was based in East London, and the target population consisted of primary cooperatives. Primary cooperatives are defined by the Buffalo City Integrated Cooperative Development Strategy (BCMM ICDS, 2016) are cooperative that have at least five members, and whose aim is providing employment to said members. The research design for this study was exploratory and inductive. As noted previously, this study adopted a qualitative research approach that combined PAR and PM&E. Two sets of data collection were utilised, namely focus group interviews (FGIs) and an emailed questionnaire (EQ). The FGIs were conducted with the overall study population, namely 14 cooperatives. The EQ was given to specific individual participants, namely senior government and municipal officials who are responsible for the noted cooperatives. The underlying theoretical framework for this research was empowerment, agency, and the theory of community development. A qualitative data analysis was utilised based on the translation of meaning not frequency. The search for meaning elicited rich insights pertaining to participants’ views and interpretations. In all, this study established that the participating Eastern Cape cooperatives have not yet achieved their desired contributory role of promoting LED; specifically, in terms of job creation. , Thesis (DPhil) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2021
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Theme and protest in the South African post-apartheid novel: a case study of the writings of three black South African novelists
- Moyo, Mbongeni https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2256-9671
- Authors: Moyo, Mbongeni https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2256-9671
- Date: 2021-06
- Subjects: Postcolonialism in literature , Apartheid in literature , Protest literature, South African (English)
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22023 , vital:51937
- Description: This study analyses a selected cohort of black South African novelists‟ depiction of the real burning issues of the post-Apartheid South Africa. The ideas that the study is concerned with in the novel under study, are based on the aspect of theme and how it is utilised by the respective authors to address the social, economic and political issues in the post-Apartheid South Africa. The study is an investigation of the extent to which black South African novelists have depicted the aforementioned issues. The research highlights those issues that the novels under study addressed and continues by revealing how the authors depict these issues in their texts. Moreover, the study concludes that literature has a role to play in the society and recommends that it should be reliable and useful to the society. It further recommends that literature should not ignore societal issues and should be corrective in its approach. The study is comprised of six chapters: Chapter One functions as an introduction to the study. It provides information on the aims and objectives of the study, the background information on the novels under study and South African literature itself. The chapter also outlines the method and the theories, which will be used in the study. It concludes by addressing the significance of the study. Chapter Two provides a detailed analysis of the theories, which will be used in the study. This includes the Marxism and Realism theory, Afrocentric theory and the Feminist Literary theory. It also defines the concept of theme and outlines its characteristics. It discusses post-colonial literature and its development in Africa. The chapter will conclude with a disclosure of the role of theme and of the author in the African novel. Chapter Three addresses the depiction of burning issues in Mpe‟s novel “Welcome to Our Hillbrow”. It discusses the real post-colonial challenges confronting the society during the post-Apartheid South Africa. It determines whether the novel under study adequately addresses these issues. Chapter Four identifies and addresses the depiction of burning post-colonial issues in Magona‟s novel “Beauty‟s Gift”. It unveils the themes that are dealt with in the novel under study thereby linking them effectively to the current situation in the new South Africa. Chapter Five unveils the central themes in Mahala‟s Novel “When a Man Cries” and it illustrates how the author protests against the ills of post-Apartheid South Africa. Chapter Six serves as the conclusion of the study and brings out the findings and recommendations of the study. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Authors: Moyo, Mbongeni https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2256-9671
- Date: 2021-06
- Subjects: Postcolonialism in literature , Apartheid in literature , Protest literature, South African (English)
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22023 , vital:51937
- Description: This study analyses a selected cohort of black South African novelists‟ depiction of the real burning issues of the post-Apartheid South Africa. The ideas that the study is concerned with in the novel under study, are based on the aspect of theme and how it is utilised by the respective authors to address the social, economic and political issues in the post-Apartheid South Africa. The study is an investigation of the extent to which black South African novelists have depicted the aforementioned issues. The research highlights those issues that the novels under study addressed and continues by revealing how the authors depict these issues in their texts. Moreover, the study concludes that literature has a role to play in the society and recommends that it should be reliable and useful to the society. It further recommends that literature should not ignore societal issues and should be corrective in its approach. The study is comprised of six chapters: Chapter One functions as an introduction to the study. It provides information on the aims and objectives of the study, the background information on the novels under study and South African literature itself. The chapter also outlines the method and the theories, which will be used in the study. It concludes by addressing the significance of the study. Chapter Two provides a detailed analysis of the theories, which will be used in the study. This includes the Marxism and Realism theory, Afrocentric theory and the Feminist Literary theory. It also defines the concept of theme and outlines its characteristics. It discusses post-colonial literature and its development in Africa. The chapter will conclude with a disclosure of the role of theme and of the author in the African novel. Chapter Three addresses the depiction of burning issues in Mpe‟s novel “Welcome to Our Hillbrow”. It discusses the real post-colonial challenges confronting the society during the post-Apartheid South Africa. It determines whether the novel under study adequately addresses these issues. Chapter Four identifies and addresses the depiction of burning post-colonial issues in Magona‟s novel “Beauty‟s Gift”. It unveils the themes that are dealt with in the novel under study thereby linking them effectively to the current situation in the new South Africa. Chapter Five unveils the central themes in Mahala‟s Novel “When a Man Cries” and it illustrates how the author protests against the ills of post-Apartheid South Africa. Chapter Six serves as the conclusion of the study and brings out the findings and recommendations of the study. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
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Use of Information Communication Technology for personal information management by University of Fort Hare students in the Faculty of Social Science and Humanities
- Mafu, Phumelela https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-3150-0828
- Authors: Mafu, Phumelela https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-3150-0828
- Date: 2021-06
- Subjects: Information technology , Personal information management
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20992 , vital:46884
- Description: This study investigated information communication technology for personal information management by the University of Fort Hare (UFH) students in the Faculty of Social Science and Humanities (FSSH). The objectives were to: find out which information communication technology applications and tools the students often use to acquire personal information; determine at what stage the students often experience a high influx of personal information and how to cope with the technology, and establish the challenges the students encounter when using information communication technology to manage personal information. The aim was to assess information communication technology for personal information management by UFH students in the FSSH. A sample of sixty respondents was randomly selected to represent a large population hoping that the results could be generalized to all FSSH students and make predictions. A quantitative research approach was chosen, utilizing the survey design and the Theory of Planned Behavior because of attitudes, behavioral control, and subjective norm. The findings reveal that 55percent of the students prefer to use portable devices, laptops to be specific to access and store information. Even though there are many search engines, 93percent of the students often use Google to search and access academic purposes on the internet. Their primary reason is that it is easy to access, download, and store information from Google. It was also established that 26percent of the students face challenges such as slow internet or damaged computers, unavailability of Wi-Fi, and crowded computer labs. This hindered their learning process. As a result, out of desperation, racing against time to submit assignments, students end up committing plagiarism. Moreover, the study's findings showed that 50percent of the students encounter information overload before they write their exams because, at this point, they are working towards collecting as much information as possible to be prepared for the exams. Furthermore, the study affirmed that 57percent of the students agree that possessing computer skills helps students in their academic journey and confirmed that students from previously disadvantaged backgrounds lack of computer skills negatively affect their academic performance. They need a quantum leap to acquire computer skills imperative for their information access, engagement, consumption, and knowledge production. , Thesis (MLIS) -- Faculty of Humanities, Social Science and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mafu, Phumelela https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-3150-0828
- Date: 2021-06
- Subjects: Information technology , Personal information management
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20992 , vital:46884
- Description: This study investigated information communication technology for personal information management by the University of Fort Hare (UFH) students in the Faculty of Social Science and Humanities (FSSH). The objectives were to: find out which information communication technology applications and tools the students often use to acquire personal information; determine at what stage the students often experience a high influx of personal information and how to cope with the technology, and establish the challenges the students encounter when using information communication technology to manage personal information. The aim was to assess information communication technology for personal information management by UFH students in the FSSH. A sample of sixty respondents was randomly selected to represent a large population hoping that the results could be generalized to all FSSH students and make predictions. A quantitative research approach was chosen, utilizing the survey design and the Theory of Planned Behavior because of attitudes, behavioral control, and subjective norm. The findings reveal that 55percent of the students prefer to use portable devices, laptops to be specific to access and store information. Even though there are many search engines, 93percent of the students often use Google to search and access academic purposes on the internet. Their primary reason is that it is easy to access, download, and store information from Google. It was also established that 26percent of the students face challenges such as slow internet or damaged computers, unavailability of Wi-Fi, and crowded computer labs. This hindered their learning process. As a result, out of desperation, racing against time to submit assignments, students end up committing plagiarism. Moreover, the study's findings showed that 50percent of the students encounter information overload before they write their exams because, at this point, they are working towards collecting as much information as possible to be prepared for the exams. Furthermore, the study affirmed that 57percent of the students agree that possessing computer skills helps students in their academic journey and confirmed that students from previously disadvantaged backgrounds lack of computer skills negatively affect their academic performance. They need a quantum leap to acquire computer skills imperative for their information access, engagement, consumption, and knowledge production. , Thesis (MLIS) -- Faculty of Humanities, Social Science and Humanities, 2021
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A content analysis of fan perceptions of the South African soap opera 7de Laan
- Authors: Tsewu, Xola
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Television soap operas , Television program genres
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23226 , vital:56477
- Description: Soap operas are no longer only televised but the producers or content creators are branching out to other media, to make their content available to all kinds of audience. Increasingly, soap opera episodes can be shared not only on TV but also on the internet and this means its audience reach is extended. The focus of the study was on online audience of the South African soap opera 7de Laan, this exploratory study was conducted to assess the participation and activities of an online fan community. The study focused on a convenience sample of 10 asynchronous commentary forums attached to the 7de Laan YouTube channel. The sample included 1011 participants collectively providing 2312 comments. User names are not used in this study. The study intended to achieve the following objectives: 1. To conduct a qualitative content analysis of references to characters during the course of the ten episodes; 2. To find out what the users say about those characters and the plots in which they occur; and 3. To measure the coding in order to gain an impression of the interests and concerns of participants making up the online audience with respect to the soap opera narrative. The data set was coded and explored by means of the Qualitative data analysis programme NVivo 10. The raw material was collated into individual files for each participant, and imported into analysis programme. The analysis proceeded as three stages. The first stage revealed those characters that interested participants, ranging from those who attracted the most interest, to those who attracted the least. The second stage aimed to find out what themes coincided with these characters. The third stage aimed to find out what participants through about the soap opera 7de Laan itself. These stages correspond to three sets of appendices. The findings show a close correspondence between the relative airing of the five sub-plots that constitute the soap opera narrative, and the interest that online audience participants show through their comments. , Thesis (MSoc Sci) (Communication) --Faculty of Social Science and Humanities , 2021
- Full Text:
- Authors: Tsewu, Xola
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Television soap operas , Television program genres
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23226 , vital:56477
- Description: Soap operas are no longer only televised but the producers or content creators are branching out to other media, to make their content available to all kinds of audience. Increasingly, soap opera episodes can be shared not only on TV but also on the internet and this means its audience reach is extended. The focus of the study was on online audience of the South African soap opera 7de Laan, this exploratory study was conducted to assess the participation and activities of an online fan community. The study focused on a convenience sample of 10 asynchronous commentary forums attached to the 7de Laan YouTube channel. The sample included 1011 participants collectively providing 2312 comments. User names are not used in this study. The study intended to achieve the following objectives: 1. To conduct a qualitative content analysis of references to characters during the course of the ten episodes; 2. To find out what the users say about those characters and the plots in which they occur; and 3. To measure the coding in order to gain an impression of the interests and concerns of participants making up the online audience with respect to the soap opera narrative. The data set was coded and explored by means of the Qualitative data analysis programme NVivo 10. The raw material was collated into individual files for each participant, and imported into analysis programme. The analysis proceeded as three stages. The first stage revealed those characters that interested participants, ranging from those who attracted the most interest, to those who attracted the least. The second stage aimed to find out what themes coincided with these characters. The third stage aimed to find out what participants through about the soap opera 7de Laan itself. These stages correspond to three sets of appendices. The findings show a close correspondence between the relative airing of the five sub-plots that constitute the soap opera narrative, and the interest that online audience participants show through their comments. , Thesis (MSoc Sci) (Communication) --Faculty of Social Science and Humanities , 2021
- Full Text:
An analysis of orthographic errors in isiXhosa texts: a case of grade 11 isiXhosa home language (l1) in the Western Cape
- Authors: Titi, Nonzolo
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Language and languages -- Orthography and spelling
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22210 , vital:51998
- Description: This case study reveals that the written language of a group of Grade 11 isiXhosa first language (L1) learners presents errors which seem to have serious implications for their linguistic competence, performance in their learning, language development and language conservation. These errors include different regular language components, such as grammar, spelling, word division, punctuation, vocabulary, capitalization, syntax and semantics. Additional to these errors are the newly discovered categories of anomalies, such as new lexical items, incomplete words, incorrect word construction, inter-categorical range, multiple deviations and writing inconsistencies. The writing of these learners not only reflects various orthographic errors and inconsistency in their usage of isiXhosa, which translates into language deficiency, but also implies gaps within the education system and its policies, as well as inefficient isiXhosa curriculum design as some of the factors contributing to the existence of these errors. Possible causes of these errors include educational causes; lack of orthographic knowledge and limited reading, socio-cultural causes; interference of other languages and the influence of the media, and attitudinal causes; lack of respect and contempt for the language and lack of learner interest in the language. Adopting a combined mixed method with a predominantly qualitative approach, this study examines errors presented in the writings of Grade 11 isiXhosa L1 learners with a view to establishing the nature and scope of these errors. The key objectives of this study were investigated by means of scientific papers both published and publishable as book chapters, books, dissertations, education policies, online publications and journal articles - both international and accredited journals. Drawing on various conceptual and analytical frameworks (Hymes 1972; Corder 1981), the study scrutinizes the contents and presents observations of the elements and themes that emanate from the eighteen (18) learners’ isiXhosa essays and seven (7) voice-recorded isiXhosa teachers and subject advisers’ interviews which were used as data. Findings reveal that learners struggle to master some language aspects, with their usage reflecting serious deviations from the standard orthography. These findings have serious implications for language teaching and learning as these errors tend to affect the learners’ linguistic competence and performance, language development, as well as language conservation. Also, serious violations of the standard orthographic rules are noticeable; and this observation raises concerns about the fate and sustainability of the language. It is recommended that interventions and strategies be applied in respect of the teaching and learning of isiXhosa in order to maintain its standard orthography, to preserve the language, improve the learning and teaching of the language, maintain communicative competence and facilitate appropriate application of the language in a learning context, especially in speaking and writing. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Authors: Titi, Nonzolo
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Language and languages -- Orthography and spelling
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22210 , vital:51998
- Description: This case study reveals that the written language of a group of Grade 11 isiXhosa first language (L1) learners presents errors which seem to have serious implications for their linguistic competence, performance in their learning, language development and language conservation. These errors include different regular language components, such as grammar, spelling, word division, punctuation, vocabulary, capitalization, syntax and semantics. Additional to these errors are the newly discovered categories of anomalies, such as new lexical items, incomplete words, incorrect word construction, inter-categorical range, multiple deviations and writing inconsistencies. The writing of these learners not only reflects various orthographic errors and inconsistency in their usage of isiXhosa, which translates into language deficiency, but also implies gaps within the education system and its policies, as well as inefficient isiXhosa curriculum design as some of the factors contributing to the existence of these errors. Possible causes of these errors include educational causes; lack of orthographic knowledge and limited reading, socio-cultural causes; interference of other languages and the influence of the media, and attitudinal causes; lack of respect and contempt for the language and lack of learner interest in the language. Adopting a combined mixed method with a predominantly qualitative approach, this study examines errors presented in the writings of Grade 11 isiXhosa L1 learners with a view to establishing the nature and scope of these errors. The key objectives of this study were investigated by means of scientific papers both published and publishable as book chapters, books, dissertations, education policies, online publications and journal articles - both international and accredited journals. Drawing on various conceptual and analytical frameworks (Hymes 1972; Corder 1981), the study scrutinizes the contents and presents observations of the elements and themes that emanate from the eighteen (18) learners’ isiXhosa essays and seven (7) voice-recorded isiXhosa teachers and subject advisers’ interviews which were used as data. Findings reveal that learners struggle to master some language aspects, with their usage reflecting serious deviations from the standard orthography. These findings have serious implications for language teaching and learning as these errors tend to affect the learners’ linguistic competence and performance, language development, as well as language conservation. Also, serious violations of the standard orthographic rules are noticeable; and this observation raises concerns about the fate and sustainability of the language. It is recommended that interventions and strategies be applied in respect of the teaching and learning of isiXhosa in order to maintain its standard orthography, to preserve the language, improve the learning and teaching of the language, maintain communicative competence and facilitate appropriate application of the language in a learning context, especially in speaking and writing. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
An evaluation of agricultural extension as a measure to improve broad-based Black economic empowerment in -the Eastern Cape Province: the case of orTambo District Municipality.
- Authors: Mambila, Lawrence Nzimeni
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Food security , Agricultural extension work , Land tenure
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21333 , vital:48486
- Description: This research evaluates the extent to which broad-based black economic empowerment has been achieved as a result of the implementation of different agricultural · extension programmes in Mthatha. The overall analysis and interpretation of the findings imply that to a significant extent, broad-based black economic empowerment has been_ achieved as a result of the implementation of different agricultural extension programmes in Mthatha. This is attributable to the fact that as much as some of the respondents disagreed, most of the - 97 sampled farmers were also ·found to agree that the implementation of different agricultural extension programmes in Mthatha has influenced increased farm ownership by black farmers increase in land ownership by black farmers, the development of farming skills of black farmers and increased embracement of agriculture, as a business. Some of the sampled 97 farmers also acknowledged that such agricultural extension programmes have influenced improvement in productivity and production to boost the socio-economic development of the communities in Mthatha, expansion of numerous employment opportunities .to catalyse increase in sources of income for communities in Mthatha and improvement in food security to leverage the economic independence of communities in Mthatha. However, despite some significant progress, findings imply that there are challenges that are marring the achievement of broad-based black economic empowerment. It emerged from the findings that challenges of implementation of agricultural extension programmes, as mechanisms for achieving broad-based black economic empowerment in Mthatha, arise from lack of financial capital, poor support from government, low motivation among the population and emergence of natural calamities such as stronger sunshine that causes draught. To address the above challenges, the survey explored the opinions of the participants on intervention measures that can be undertaken. The survey results indicated that measures used for ensuring that the implementation of agricultural extension programmes impact on the improvement of broad-based black economic empowerment encompass constant training and visit by agricultural specialists from Mthatha Department of Agriculture, the use of ordinary farmers as trainers, encouragement of farmers to form groups, as a basis for training community members and frequent intervention from the district, if needed. , Thesis (MCom) (Development Studies) -- University of Fort Hare, 2021
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mambila, Lawrence Nzimeni
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Food security , Agricultural extension work , Land tenure
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21333 , vital:48486
- Description: This research evaluates the extent to which broad-based black economic empowerment has been achieved as a result of the implementation of different agricultural · extension programmes in Mthatha. The overall analysis and interpretation of the findings imply that to a significant extent, broad-based black economic empowerment has been_ achieved as a result of the implementation of different agricultural extension programmes in Mthatha. This is attributable to the fact that as much as some of the respondents disagreed, most of the - 97 sampled farmers were also ·found to agree that the implementation of different agricultural extension programmes in Mthatha has influenced increased farm ownership by black farmers increase in land ownership by black farmers, the development of farming skills of black farmers and increased embracement of agriculture, as a business. Some of the sampled 97 farmers also acknowledged that such agricultural extension programmes have influenced improvement in productivity and production to boost the socio-economic development of the communities in Mthatha, expansion of numerous employment opportunities .to catalyse increase in sources of income for communities in Mthatha and improvement in food security to leverage the economic independence of communities in Mthatha. However, despite some significant progress, findings imply that there are challenges that are marring the achievement of broad-based black economic empowerment. It emerged from the findings that challenges of implementation of agricultural extension programmes, as mechanisms for achieving broad-based black economic empowerment in Mthatha, arise from lack of financial capital, poor support from government, low motivation among the population and emergence of natural calamities such as stronger sunshine that causes draught. To address the above challenges, the survey explored the opinions of the participants on intervention measures that can be undertaken. The survey results indicated that measures used for ensuring that the implementation of agricultural extension programmes impact on the improvement of broad-based black economic empowerment encompass constant training and visit by agricultural specialists from Mthatha Department of Agriculture, the use of ordinary farmers as trainers, encouragement of farmers to form groups, as a basis for training community members and frequent intervention from the district, if needed. , Thesis (MCom) (Development Studies) -- University of Fort Hare, 2021
- Full Text:
Application of geophysical methods to investigate the subsurface geology of Kuruman and Kono areas in Griqualand West Basin, South Africa
- Authors: Mthintweni, Sylvia Lwandisa
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Geology , Soil surveys--Geophysical methods
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22555 , vital:52456
- Description: Kono and Kuruman areas belong to the geology of the Campbell Rand and Asbestos Hills Subgroups, Ghaap Group in the Griqualand West Basin. Campbell Rand Subgroup comprises interbedded chert, limestone and dolomite rocks of dominantly the Kogelbeen Formation covered with a thick regolith of red sand and weathered material. The Asbestos Hills Subgroup consists of a banded iron formation (BIF) of the Kuruman Formation overlain by the Kalahari sands. Petrographic and mineralogical analyses and various geophysical methods were utilised to investigate the surface and subsurface conditions of the study areas. This study was done to characterize and understand the geology of Kuruman and Kono and identify the structural lineaments. Rock samples of varying lithology were collected in the field for laboratory analyses that include preparation of thin sections and petrographic analyses and density and porosity determinations. Both the petrographic results and XRF analyses revealed that iron oxide (Fe2O3) and silica (SiO2) are the most abundant minerals in BIF. Iron oxide and silica percentages range between 21.17-39.97 wt % and 59.03-78.01 wt %, respectively. BIF has an average density of 3.0 g/cm3 and porosity of 2.51% and dolomite has an average density of 2.8 g/cm3 and porosity of 0.17%. The Bouguer anomaly values range between - 119.00 mGal and -1 17.29 mGals. High gravity anomalies are attributed to shallow fresh bedrock and this was confirmed by the seismic line that cuts across the map. The gravity high observed in the Kuruman profile coincides with the thick BIF body observed in the field. The gravity analytic signal indicates a width of about 1125 m for the BIF and inferred two normal faults at about 675 m and 1500 m. The high magnetic anomalies in the ground magnetic map correspond to chert rich dolomite ridges in the field and the intermediate to lows correspond to dolomitic terrains. A geological map was superimposed on an aeromagnetic map to correlate the two. The linear magnetic high trending from NW – SE coincide with BIF. Older dykes trending east-west were intruded by younger dykes trending north-south. The total counts channel map for Kono area shows the measured total gamma radiation count in the study area and the concentrations of radioelements range between 51.84 and 94.64 counts/sec. The concentrations of potassium, thorium and uranium range from 0.12 – 0.51%, 0.83 – 5.23 ppm and 0.06 – 2.27 ppm, respectively. A high concentration of radiometric elements cutting through the central part of the map stretching from northwest to southeast was observed in a ternary map and this could be associated with chert rich dolomite outcrops. Seismic refraction tomography (SRT) cross-section for study area 1 in Kono revealed 3 different layers. The topmost layer comprises sand and loose material and has a velocity ranging from 614 – 1194 m/s. It is underlain by highly to slightly weathered dolomite with a velocity that ranges from 1774 – 2354 m/s. Layer 3 is the fresh bedrock dolomite and has a velocity of 2934 m/s. Three layers were observed in study area 2 for Kuruman. Layer 1 had a velocity of 300 – 750 m/s, the second layer had a velocity of 1200 – 2100 m/s and the bottom layer’s velocity was 2500 – 2999 m/s. An inferred fault is indicated on the western side of the seismic section at about 650 m. The dipole-dipole resistivity model for the main survey line in Kono revealed that the area is underlain by fractured bedrock with high resistivity in places. A thick conductive stratum was observed at the beginning of the line. The resistivity models for the sinkhole in Kono were characterized into three resistivity zones. High resistivity values (1000 – 134202 Ωm) are due to slightly weathered to fresh bedrock, intermediate values (24 – 5770 Ωm) are interpreted to be due to highly weathered dolomite and compacted dolomitic soils and very low resistivity zones (4 – 397 Ωm) are inferred to be karstic cavities. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2021
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mthintweni, Sylvia Lwandisa
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Geology , Soil surveys--Geophysical methods
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22555 , vital:52456
- Description: Kono and Kuruman areas belong to the geology of the Campbell Rand and Asbestos Hills Subgroups, Ghaap Group in the Griqualand West Basin. Campbell Rand Subgroup comprises interbedded chert, limestone and dolomite rocks of dominantly the Kogelbeen Formation covered with a thick regolith of red sand and weathered material. The Asbestos Hills Subgroup consists of a banded iron formation (BIF) of the Kuruman Formation overlain by the Kalahari sands. Petrographic and mineralogical analyses and various geophysical methods were utilised to investigate the surface and subsurface conditions of the study areas. This study was done to characterize and understand the geology of Kuruman and Kono and identify the structural lineaments. Rock samples of varying lithology were collected in the field for laboratory analyses that include preparation of thin sections and petrographic analyses and density and porosity determinations. Both the petrographic results and XRF analyses revealed that iron oxide (Fe2O3) and silica (SiO2) are the most abundant minerals in BIF. Iron oxide and silica percentages range between 21.17-39.97 wt % and 59.03-78.01 wt %, respectively. BIF has an average density of 3.0 g/cm3 and porosity of 2.51% and dolomite has an average density of 2.8 g/cm3 and porosity of 0.17%. The Bouguer anomaly values range between - 119.00 mGal and -1 17.29 mGals. High gravity anomalies are attributed to shallow fresh bedrock and this was confirmed by the seismic line that cuts across the map. The gravity high observed in the Kuruman profile coincides with the thick BIF body observed in the field. The gravity analytic signal indicates a width of about 1125 m for the BIF and inferred two normal faults at about 675 m and 1500 m. The high magnetic anomalies in the ground magnetic map correspond to chert rich dolomite ridges in the field and the intermediate to lows correspond to dolomitic terrains. A geological map was superimposed on an aeromagnetic map to correlate the two. The linear magnetic high trending from NW – SE coincide with BIF. Older dykes trending east-west were intruded by younger dykes trending north-south. The total counts channel map for Kono area shows the measured total gamma radiation count in the study area and the concentrations of radioelements range between 51.84 and 94.64 counts/sec. The concentrations of potassium, thorium and uranium range from 0.12 – 0.51%, 0.83 – 5.23 ppm and 0.06 – 2.27 ppm, respectively. A high concentration of radiometric elements cutting through the central part of the map stretching from northwest to southeast was observed in a ternary map and this could be associated with chert rich dolomite outcrops. Seismic refraction tomography (SRT) cross-section for study area 1 in Kono revealed 3 different layers. The topmost layer comprises sand and loose material and has a velocity ranging from 614 – 1194 m/s. It is underlain by highly to slightly weathered dolomite with a velocity that ranges from 1774 – 2354 m/s. Layer 3 is the fresh bedrock dolomite and has a velocity of 2934 m/s. Three layers were observed in study area 2 for Kuruman. Layer 1 had a velocity of 300 – 750 m/s, the second layer had a velocity of 1200 – 2100 m/s and the bottom layer’s velocity was 2500 – 2999 m/s. An inferred fault is indicated on the western side of the seismic section at about 650 m. The dipole-dipole resistivity model for the main survey line in Kono revealed that the area is underlain by fractured bedrock with high resistivity in places. A thick conductive stratum was observed at the beginning of the line. The resistivity models for the sinkhole in Kono were characterized into three resistivity zones. High resistivity values (1000 – 134202 Ωm) are due to slightly weathered to fresh bedrock, intermediate values (24 – 5770 Ωm) are interpreted to be due to highly weathered dolomite and compacted dolomitic soils and very low resistivity zones (4 – 397 Ωm) are inferred to be karstic cavities. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2021
- Full Text:
Aspects of the ecology of the estuarine round-herring Gilchristella aestuaria (Pisces: Clupeidae) and its small-scale fishery potential
- Zvavahera, Munetsi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5337-1943
- Authors: Zvavahera, Munetsi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5337-1943
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Small-scale fisheries , Silversides
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22765 , vital:52752
- Description: In the past two decades, there has been increasing pressure for small-scale inland fisheries to play a central role in food and nutrient security for poor communities in South Africa. For decades, South African inland fisheries have focussed on the exploitation of large fish species and generally ignored the exploitation of inland small fish species (SFS). This research aimed to assess the ecology and small-scale fishery potential of the estuarine round-herring, Gilchristella aestuaria. To understand the ecology of G. aestuaria better, morphometric trait analysis and fish condition of populations in relation to environmental variables (salinity, pH, temperature, turbidity and chlorophyll-a) were done. Fish were supplemented with samples acquired from the SAIAB collection facility for 14 sites to cover all the three South African biogeographic regions, stretching from Lake Sibaya (KZN) to the Orange River estuary in the western parts of the country. The morphometric trait analysis showed that G. aestuaria populations can be distinguished based on the trait variation, however there were many overlaps for populations that are interconnected, with distant/ geographically separated populations showing clear differences. Morphometric traits of the G. aestuaria population were significantly different, however there was no strong directional relationship with environmental variables and variation in morphometric traits. However, fish condition as measured by Fulton’s condition (K) and relative weight (Wr) showed variation between populations found in different environments. These differences suggest that these populations must be managed differently if G. aestuaria is to be exploited in managed fisheries. To determine the potential nutrient value of G. aestuaria to the human diet, samples from two freshwater sites and five estuarine sites were analysed for essential macro and micronutrients. The nutrient content of G. aestuaria revealed there is potential for exploitation, as the species has a high macro (protein and fat) and micronutrient composition (calcium, iron and zinc). Mean ± SD of selected nutrients were protein (61.7±5.0 g/100g), fat (20.4±3.7g/ 100g), calcium (3507.5±314.0mg), iron (40.37±14.0mg/ 100g), zinc (22.47±5.6mg/ 100) and vitamin A (37.3±44.4 RAE/ 100g). The nutrient composition of fish collected from freshwater sites was comparable to those collected from estuarine environments. Using the recommended dietary allowances (RDA) from literature, the mass of fish and the number of fish that would provide a minimum amount for each nutrient were calculated. A child would require only 13.4g of dry G. aestuaria or approximately 74 dried fish to meet the daily requirements of zinc. Other minerals such as iron and calcium also showed a similar low weight or number of fish required to meet daily requirements for the different categories. A small number of G. aestuaria are needed to meet RDA for groups (children, adult men, adult women, pregnant women and lactating mothers). A comparison was done for the nutrient composition of G. aestuaria with reference species that are already harvested for human consumption in some African and Asian countries. The protein content of G. aestuaria was comparable to Chisense (Microthrissa moeruensis) and Kapenta Limnothrissa miodon), while the fat composition was more than twice Chisense and Kapenta. Comparing the mineral composition, G. aestuaria had more than three times higher calcium than Mola (Amblypharyngodon mola) and Puti (Puntius sophore). Zinc composition was four times higher than M. moeruensis and L. miodon. Further exploration of the ecology of G. aestuaria was studied using the Sundays River irrigations ponds as a case study that would represent small impoundments across South Africa. Species rank abundance curve and catch per unit effort (CPUE) on the Sundays Irrigation ponds revealed that G. aestuaria dominated numerically and biomass in the Sundays River irrigation ponds. To assess the potential of harvesting G. aestuaria harvesting experiments were conducted using depletion (removal) sampling. Catchweight (kg) ranged from 2.16 (1.03; 3.28) to 61.25 (44.40; 78.09) kg and the estimated biomass from the depletion model ranged from 1.05 to 40.19 kg/ha for September 2019. The depletion model revealed that small impoundments have high biomass per hectare of G. aestuaria ranging from which indicates that the species may not support a commercial fishery but small-scale fisheries. In conclusion, G. aestuaria could become a meaningful contribution to the food and nutrient security of poor communities where available as a food source through small-scale fishery exploitation. The extent of this contribution may depend on its production potential in various regions and environments. More research is however needed to determine the long-term sustainability of harvesting of G aestuaria by looking at how populations respond to harvesting. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2021
- Full Text:
- Authors: Zvavahera, Munetsi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5337-1943
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Small-scale fisheries , Silversides
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22765 , vital:52752
- Description: In the past two decades, there has been increasing pressure for small-scale inland fisheries to play a central role in food and nutrient security for poor communities in South Africa. For decades, South African inland fisheries have focussed on the exploitation of large fish species and generally ignored the exploitation of inland small fish species (SFS). This research aimed to assess the ecology and small-scale fishery potential of the estuarine round-herring, Gilchristella aestuaria. To understand the ecology of G. aestuaria better, morphometric trait analysis and fish condition of populations in relation to environmental variables (salinity, pH, temperature, turbidity and chlorophyll-a) were done. Fish were supplemented with samples acquired from the SAIAB collection facility for 14 sites to cover all the three South African biogeographic regions, stretching from Lake Sibaya (KZN) to the Orange River estuary in the western parts of the country. The morphometric trait analysis showed that G. aestuaria populations can be distinguished based on the trait variation, however there were many overlaps for populations that are interconnected, with distant/ geographically separated populations showing clear differences. Morphometric traits of the G. aestuaria population were significantly different, however there was no strong directional relationship with environmental variables and variation in morphometric traits. However, fish condition as measured by Fulton’s condition (K) and relative weight (Wr) showed variation between populations found in different environments. These differences suggest that these populations must be managed differently if G. aestuaria is to be exploited in managed fisheries. To determine the potential nutrient value of G. aestuaria to the human diet, samples from two freshwater sites and five estuarine sites were analysed for essential macro and micronutrients. The nutrient content of G. aestuaria revealed there is potential for exploitation, as the species has a high macro (protein and fat) and micronutrient composition (calcium, iron and zinc). Mean ± SD of selected nutrients were protein (61.7±5.0 g/100g), fat (20.4±3.7g/ 100g), calcium (3507.5±314.0mg), iron (40.37±14.0mg/ 100g), zinc (22.47±5.6mg/ 100) and vitamin A (37.3±44.4 RAE/ 100g). The nutrient composition of fish collected from freshwater sites was comparable to those collected from estuarine environments. Using the recommended dietary allowances (RDA) from literature, the mass of fish and the number of fish that would provide a minimum amount for each nutrient were calculated. A child would require only 13.4g of dry G. aestuaria or approximately 74 dried fish to meet the daily requirements of zinc. Other minerals such as iron and calcium also showed a similar low weight or number of fish required to meet daily requirements for the different categories. A small number of G. aestuaria are needed to meet RDA for groups (children, adult men, adult women, pregnant women and lactating mothers). A comparison was done for the nutrient composition of G. aestuaria with reference species that are already harvested for human consumption in some African and Asian countries. The protein content of G. aestuaria was comparable to Chisense (Microthrissa moeruensis) and Kapenta Limnothrissa miodon), while the fat composition was more than twice Chisense and Kapenta. Comparing the mineral composition, G. aestuaria had more than three times higher calcium than Mola (Amblypharyngodon mola) and Puti (Puntius sophore). Zinc composition was four times higher than M. moeruensis and L. miodon. Further exploration of the ecology of G. aestuaria was studied using the Sundays River irrigations ponds as a case study that would represent small impoundments across South Africa. Species rank abundance curve and catch per unit effort (CPUE) on the Sundays Irrigation ponds revealed that G. aestuaria dominated numerically and biomass in the Sundays River irrigation ponds. To assess the potential of harvesting G. aestuaria harvesting experiments were conducted using depletion (removal) sampling. Catchweight (kg) ranged from 2.16 (1.03; 3.28) to 61.25 (44.40; 78.09) kg and the estimated biomass from the depletion model ranged from 1.05 to 40.19 kg/ha for September 2019. The depletion model revealed that small impoundments have high biomass per hectare of G. aestuaria ranging from which indicates that the species may not support a commercial fishery but small-scale fisheries. In conclusion, G. aestuaria could become a meaningful contribution to the food and nutrient security of poor communities where available as a food source through small-scale fishery exploitation. The extent of this contribution may depend on its production potential in various regions and environments. More research is however needed to determine the long-term sustainability of harvesting of G aestuaria by looking at how populations respond to harvesting. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2021
- Full Text:
Assessing Drought Conditions using NDVI, Land Surface Temperature and Precipitation in Amathole District Municipality, Eastern Cape, Province, South Africa
- Authors: Dyosi, Masonwabe
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Remote sensing , Earth sciences--Remote sensing
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20793 , vital:46570
- Description: The world is faced with unprecedented environmental changes, which can be linked to population growth, and economic development. Several studies have indicated that these changes are likely to accelerate in the future and cause adverse impact on the environment. To this end, the Eastern Cape Province and in particular the Amathole District Municipality (ADM) has recorded high number of climate change related disasters such as prolonged drought conditions witnessed during the winter season of 2008, 2009, 2014 and 2015 among others. To this end, this study aimed to use remote sensing imagery to assess and document drought occurrences in the ADM from 2007 to 2017. To accomplish the aim, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, Land Surface Temperature and Precipitation were explored to assess drought spatiotemporal occurrences. To assess the relationship between abovementioned variables, the Pearson’s correlation was used. For the analysis a total of 396 satellite imagery (MODIS NDVI and Land Surface Temperature as well as TRMM precipitation) were used. The study results revealed that different correlations exist between the three variables. The strength of correlations differed by season. Furthermore, it was revealed that the drought conditions in the district differed in the spatial distribution. The study accurately identified the drought episodes which occurred in the ADM in the years 2008, 2009, 2014, 2015 and 2016. The chosen methodology and variables proved to be suitable for analysing drought conditions offering space and temporal variation dimension, which is vital in monitoring disasters such as drought. , Thesis (MSc) (Geography) -- University of Fort Hare, 2021
- Full Text:
- Authors: Dyosi, Masonwabe
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Remote sensing , Earth sciences--Remote sensing
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20793 , vital:46570
- Description: The world is faced with unprecedented environmental changes, which can be linked to population growth, and economic development. Several studies have indicated that these changes are likely to accelerate in the future and cause adverse impact on the environment. To this end, the Eastern Cape Province and in particular the Amathole District Municipality (ADM) has recorded high number of climate change related disasters such as prolonged drought conditions witnessed during the winter season of 2008, 2009, 2014 and 2015 among others. To this end, this study aimed to use remote sensing imagery to assess and document drought occurrences in the ADM from 2007 to 2017. To accomplish the aim, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, Land Surface Temperature and Precipitation were explored to assess drought spatiotemporal occurrences. To assess the relationship between abovementioned variables, the Pearson’s correlation was used. For the analysis a total of 396 satellite imagery (MODIS NDVI and Land Surface Temperature as well as TRMM precipitation) were used. The study results revealed that different correlations exist between the three variables. The strength of correlations differed by season. Furthermore, it was revealed that the drought conditions in the district differed in the spatial distribution. The study accurately identified the drought episodes which occurred in the ADM in the years 2008, 2009, 2014, 2015 and 2016. The chosen methodology and variables proved to be suitable for analysing drought conditions offering space and temporal variation dimension, which is vital in monitoring disasters such as drought. , Thesis (MSc) (Geography) -- University of Fort Hare, 2021
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Coastal urban climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction assessment: the case of East London city, South Africa
- Busayo, Emmanuel Tolulope https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-9274-2145
- Authors: Busayo, Emmanuel Tolulope https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-9274-2145
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Climate change mitigation , Climatic changes , Emergency management
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20938 , vital:46756
- Description: The increasing incidences of climate change and its registered negative effects have disturbed the entire world, with the coastal areas being the worst hit. Given the fact that coastal areas are becoming centres of global population settlement. An attempt to explore climate change-related disasters and risks is an important aspect in building communities' adaptation and resilience, especially for the most vulnerable global south. Consequently, climate change adaptation (CCA) and disaster risk reduction (DRR) have become fundamentally linked to offering sustainable solutions to address climate change and related disaster risk problems witnessed frequently in recent years. However, the assessment of synergy between CCA and DRR for coastal areas remains fragmented, vague and limited, especially for Sub-Saharan Africa and thus the need for exploration. Furthermore, the urban populace and planning stakeholders are grappling with the challenges of seeking ways to integrate adaptation measures into human livelihoods and planning systems. Also, considering complex issues inhibiting sustainable planning, for example, poor communication of climate risks affecting coastal areas, little records of hazards disclosure and disaster history, inundation and/or sea level rise etc warranted further investigation. Accordingly, the synergies between CCA and DRR in addressing various climate change-related disaster risks, especially for the coastal areas and cities was explored in this study. To this end, given the complexity of CCA and DRR, trio-theories were adopted, which included Resilience Theory (RT), Social Vulnerability Theory (SVT) and Protective Motivation Theory (PMT) as the study’s theoretical underpinnings using East London Coastal City as a case study. Consequently, a multi-method approach was employed using a review of literature, bibliometric analysis, field survey, geographic information system (GIS), and remote sensing. The first objective reveals that there is a need for convergence and harmonisation of CCA and DRR policy, programme, and practice to improve sustainable planning outcomes. Accordingly, the study proposed the adoption of a problem analysis model (PAM) for place function sustainability and local or community level resilience building. The second objective revealed that the Sendai framework for disaster risk reduction has not been fully operationalised at the local and global scales. However, in South Africa, there are efforts to streamline DRR across manifold sectors through the Integrated Urban Development Framework (IUDF). Therefore, disaster risk managers and climate change adaptation stakeholders at the local level need to embrace the position of the SFDRR to possibly offer sound and sustainable results to the most vulnerable. In addition, a bibliometric analysis on climate change adaptation from 1996 – 2019 highlights the need for more African countries' engagement and cross-collaboration between developing and developed countries in CCA research to advance sustainable solutions and improve resilience. The third objective revealed the need for more awareness, flexibility, and adaptability among stakeholders at various levels as fundamental ingredients for CCA and DRR sustainable planning outcomes. The fourth objective highlighted that floods were recorded as the most predominant hydro-meteorological hazard (n=118, 81.9percent) in the East London, coastal city. Finally, the fifth objective portrayed that many communities, populace, buildings (types), and areas are exposed to flood disaster risks, especially, communities such as Nahoon Park Valley, Sunrise on Sea, Beacon Bay, Buffalo, Gonubie, and East London are among the most vulnerable. The study recommends that early action and warning systems should be adopted, and allocation proper building codes to boost awareness to reduce the potential flood disaster risks. Moreover, the study reveals the significance of local flood disaster risk mapping in advancing CCA and DRR to ensure the implementation of coherent spatial planning for sustainable planning outcomes. The overall lessons learnt from this study are vital in contributing to the attainment of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) such as goal 11: sustainable cities and communities, and goal 13: climate action, including the seven targets and four priorities for action of the Sendai framework at a local level. The study results are deemed critical in guiding city planners, decision-makers, disaster risk managers, local communities among others towards the development of a more resilient coastal community. In general, the study calls for the integration of CCA and DRR initiatives to be premised on PAM for sustainable planning outcomes to achieve sustainable development goals and reduction of fatalities from climate-related disasters. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2021
- Full Text:
- Authors: Busayo, Emmanuel Tolulope https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-9274-2145
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Climate change mitigation , Climatic changes , Emergency management
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20938 , vital:46756
- Description: The increasing incidences of climate change and its registered negative effects have disturbed the entire world, with the coastal areas being the worst hit. Given the fact that coastal areas are becoming centres of global population settlement. An attempt to explore climate change-related disasters and risks is an important aspect in building communities' adaptation and resilience, especially for the most vulnerable global south. Consequently, climate change adaptation (CCA) and disaster risk reduction (DRR) have become fundamentally linked to offering sustainable solutions to address climate change and related disaster risk problems witnessed frequently in recent years. However, the assessment of synergy between CCA and DRR for coastal areas remains fragmented, vague and limited, especially for Sub-Saharan Africa and thus the need for exploration. Furthermore, the urban populace and planning stakeholders are grappling with the challenges of seeking ways to integrate adaptation measures into human livelihoods and planning systems. Also, considering complex issues inhibiting sustainable planning, for example, poor communication of climate risks affecting coastal areas, little records of hazards disclosure and disaster history, inundation and/or sea level rise etc warranted further investigation. Accordingly, the synergies between CCA and DRR in addressing various climate change-related disaster risks, especially for the coastal areas and cities was explored in this study. To this end, given the complexity of CCA and DRR, trio-theories were adopted, which included Resilience Theory (RT), Social Vulnerability Theory (SVT) and Protective Motivation Theory (PMT) as the study’s theoretical underpinnings using East London Coastal City as a case study. Consequently, a multi-method approach was employed using a review of literature, bibliometric analysis, field survey, geographic information system (GIS), and remote sensing. The first objective reveals that there is a need for convergence and harmonisation of CCA and DRR policy, programme, and practice to improve sustainable planning outcomes. Accordingly, the study proposed the adoption of a problem analysis model (PAM) for place function sustainability and local or community level resilience building. The second objective revealed that the Sendai framework for disaster risk reduction has not been fully operationalised at the local and global scales. However, in South Africa, there are efforts to streamline DRR across manifold sectors through the Integrated Urban Development Framework (IUDF). Therefore, disaster risk managers and climate change adaptation stakeholders at the local level need to embrace the position of the SFDRR to possibly offer sound and sustainable results to the most vulnerable. In addition, a bibliometric analysis on climate change adaptation from 1996 – 2019 highlights the need for more African countries' engagement and cross-collaboration between developing and developed countries in CCA research to advance sustainable solutions and improve resilience. The third objective revealed the need for more awareness, flexibility, and adaptability among stakeholders at various levels as fundamental ingredients for CCA and DRR sustainable planning outcomes. The fourth objective highlighted that floods were recorded as the most predominant hydro-meteorological hazard (n=118, 81.9percent) in the East London, coastal city. Finally, the fifth objective portrayed that many communities, populace, buildings (types), and areas are exposed to flood disaster risks, especially, communities such as Nahoon Park Valley, Sunrise on Sea, Beacon Bay, Buffalo, Gonubie, and East London are among the most vulnerable. The study recommends that early action and warning systems should be adopted, and allocation proper building codes to boost awareness to reduce the potential flood disaster risks. Moreover, the study reveals the significance of local flood disaster risk mapping in advancing CCA and DRR to ensure the implementation of coherent spatial planning for sustainable planning outcomes. The overall lessons learnt from this study are vital in contributing to the attainment of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) such as goal 11: sustainable cities and communities, and goal 13: climate action, including the seven targets and four priorities for action of the Sendai framework at a local level. The study results are deemed critical in guiding city planners, decision-makers, disaster risk managers, local communities among others towards the development of a more resilient coastal community. In general, the study calls for the integration of CCA and DRR initiatives to be premised on PAM for sustainable planning outcomes to achieve sustainable development goals and reduction of fatalities from climate-related disasters. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2021
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Development of a Mobile-Based Livestock Breeding Management System for Communal Farmers in Eastern Cape, South Africa
- Authors: Aduradola, Oluwatobi John
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Mobile communication systems , Mobile computing
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20600 , vital:46364
- Description: More than a decade ago, South Africa realized the significance of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and its use in delivering several services; there are still several challenges that block implementing an ICT-based system to deliver services and information better. Since communal development is still one of the country's biggest concerns, ICT is among several advances and views recognized for speeding up communal development and providing for the country's economic growth. This research aimed to investigate and implement ICT tools for communal farmers in the context of information needs and information dissemination. The research concentrated on the technical tools and skills needed to implement an ICT tool for communal farmers and other stakeholders. A prototyping methodology was used in this research in the development of the required prototype. A study was then conducted to understand the present state and the information needs of communal farmers where the questionnaire was administered. The research results demonstrated the critical need for communal farmers to get information timely at their convenience. A mobile database system was then designed and developed that suits communal farmers' nature. This system was an offline android application that assists with their information need and its dissemination, and it allows the sharing of the communal farmer's data to other stakeholders. , Thesis (MSc) (Computer Science)-- University of Fort Hare, 2021
- Full Text:
- Authors: Aduradola, Oluwatobi John
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Mobile communication systems , Mobile computing
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20600 , vital:46364
- Description: More than a decade ago, South Africa realized the significance of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and its use in delivering several services; there are still several challenges that block implementing an ICT-based system to deliver services and information better. Since communal development is still one of the country's biggest concerns, ICT is among several advances and views recognized for speeding up communal development and providing for the country's economic growth. This research aimed to investigate and implement ICT tools for communal farmers in the context of information needs and information dissemination. The research concentrated on the technical tools and skills needed to implement an ICT tool for communal farmers and other stakeholders. A prototyping methodology was used in this research in the development of the required prototype. A study was then conducted to understand the present state and the information needs of communal farmers where the questionnaire was administered. The research results demonstrated the critical need for communal farmers to get information timely at their convenience. A mobile database system was then designed and developed that suits communal farmers' nature. This system was an offline android application that assists with their information need and its dissemination, and it allows the sharing of the communal farmer's data to other stakeholders. , Thesis (MSc) (Computer Science)-- University of Fort Hare, 2021
- Full Text:
Marketing the Pentecostal churches in Zimbabwe: A critical study of selected churches in Harare
- Hove, Charity https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5579-0992
- Authors: Hove, Charity https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5579-0992
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Pentecostalism , Religion and sociology
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21167 , vital:47216
- Description: Pentecostalism has spread rapidly worldwide and continues to do so, thereby generating scholarly interest on how much church growth was attained through marketing. In Zimbabwe, it is evident that marketing communication has become an essential part of church activities to attract the society. In the case of Pentecostal churches, both church and marketing activities are interrelated, as seen through the increased usage of digital communication marketing strategies to attract followers, especially on social media. With effective marketing, people can be attached to a church, in the same way, they would be attached to a brand. In this regard, this study therefore examined whether fundamental marketing principles apply to the marketing of Pentecostal religiosity in Zimbabwe - focusing on how the churches, church services or products, and prophets are marketed. The study also explored how such church marketing attributes to the popularity of these churches and how ultimately the church marketing communication affects society. Theoretically, Pentecostal churches can utilise Porter’s Five Forces, Marketing Communication Mix, and AIDA Model to maintain a favourable marketing standing. With the presence of communication technologies and the media, the applicability of these marketing theories is effortless, hence the marketing of Pentecostal churches has flourished. This study used a qualitative research design and was conducted on three Pentecostal churches namely the Prophetic Healing and Deliverance Ministries, United Family International Church, and Spirit Embassy (The Good News Church) in Harare, Zimbabwe. The data was gathered from the churches’ Facebook pages, websites, and newspaper articles reporting about the churches. In addition, interviews with church marketing personnel from each church, 30 church members and focus group interviews with 30 non-church members residing close to the Pentecostal churches were conducted. The findings reveal that the Pentecostal churches in Zimbabwe are actively involved in church marketing and have various marketing strategies as any business entity would. However, the churches’ image and efforts aimed at fulfilling social mandates are tainted by several marketing strategies which are used, especially on digital media. In addition, church marketing has promoted commercialised religion and the Pentecostal fraternity is certainly morphing into businesses at the expense of spirituality and religiosity, which is simply an epitome of secularising the sacred. Furthermore, it was established that the marketing strategies used are influential to target markets, such as church members, and the effects are adverse. Hence, this study recommends regulation of Pentecostal churches and proposes three models that illustrate regulation at government level, collective level, and individual level through policy regulation, collective action, and self-regulation respectively. This will encourage churches to conduct ethical church marketing and protect religious consumers. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Science and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Authors: Hove, Charity https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5579-0992
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Pentecostalism , Religion and sociology
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21167 , vital:47216
- Description: Pentecostalism has spread rapidly worldwide and continues to do so, thereby generating scholarly interest on how much church growth was attained through marketing. In Zimbabwe, it is evident that marketing communication has become an essential part of church activities to attract the society. In the case of Pentecostal churches, both church and marketing activities are interrelated, as seen through the increased usage of digital communication marketing strategies to attract followers, especially on social media. With effective marketing, people can be attached to a church, in the same way, they would be attached to a brand. In this regard, this study therefore examined whether fundamental marketing principles apply to the marketing of Pentecostal religiosity in Zimbabwe - focusing on how the churches, church services or products, and prophets are marketed. The study also explored how such church marketing attributes to the popularity of these churches and how ultimately the church marketing communication affects society. Theoretically, Pentecostal churches can utilise Porter’s Five Forces, Marketing Communication Mix, and AIDA Model to maintain a favourable marketing standing. With the presence of communication technologies and the media, the applicability of these marketing theories is effortless, hence the marketing of Pentecostal churches has flourished. This study used a qualitative research design and was conducted on three Pentecostal churches namely the Prophetic Healing and Deliverance Ministries, United Family International Church, and Spirit Embassy (The Good News Church) in Harare, Zimbabwe. The data was gathered from the churches’ Facebook pages, websites, and newspaper articles reporting about the churches. In addition, interviews with church marketing personnel from each church, 30 church members and focus group interviews with 30 non-church members residing close to the Pentecostal churches were conducted. The findings reveal that the Pentecostal churches in Zimbabwe are actively involved in church marketing and have various marketing strategies as any business entity would. However, the churches’ image and efforts aimed at fulfilling social mandates are tainted by several marketing strategies which are used, especially on digital media. In addition, church marketing has promoted commercialised religion and the Pentecostal fraternity is certainly morphing into businesses at the expense of spirituality and religiosity, which is simply an epitome of secularising the sacred. Furthermore, it was established that the marketing strategies used are influential to target markets, such as church members, and the effects are adverse. Hence, this study recommends regulation of Pentecostal churches and proposes three models that illustrate regulation at government level, collective level, and individual level through policy regulation, collective action, and self-regulation respectively. This will encourage churches to conduct ethical church marketing and protect religious consumers. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Science and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
Modelling internet network intrusion detection in smart city ecosystems
- Authors: Mfenguza, Wandisa
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Ecosystem management , Smart cities
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22501 , vital:52382
- Description: Smart city systems are intended to enhance the lives of citizens through the design of systems that promote resource efficiency and the real-time provisioning of resources in cities. The benefits offered by smart cities include the use of internet of things (IoT) sensors to gather useful data such as power demand to inhibit blackouts and the average speed of vehicles to alleviate traffic congestion. Nonetheless, earlier studies have indicated a substantial increase in cyber-security issues due to the increase in the deployment of smart city ecosystems. Consequently, IoT cyber-security is recognised as an area that requires crucial scrutiny. This study begins by investigating the current state of intrusion detection in smart city ecosystems. Current intrusion detection frameworks lack the capability to operate under extremely limiting settings such as conditions of low processing power and fast response times. Moreover, the study also identifies that, despite intrusion detection being a highly researched thematic area, a plethora of previous studies tend to propose intrusion detection frameworks that are more suitable for traditional computer networks rather than wireless sensor networks (WSNs) which consist of heterogeneous settings with diverse devices and communication protocols. Subsequently, this study developed two candidate deep learning models, namely a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a long short-term memory (LSTM) network and presents evidence on their robustness and predictive power. Results have indicated that, unlike the CNN model, the LSTM model can quickly converge and offer high predictive power without the vigorous application of regularisation techniques. The proposed LSTM classification model obtained a remarkable 100% in detection rates and further reported 0% in false alarm and false negative rates. This study gives a broad overview of the current state of intrusion detection mechanisms for smart city ecosystems to guide future studies. The study also demonstrates that existing intrusion detection systems (IDSs) can be enhanced through the development of more robust and lightweight models that offer high detection rates and minimal false alarm rates to prevent security risks in smart city ecosystems to ensure sustainable and safe smart cities. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2021
- Full Text:
- Authors: Mfenguza, Wandisa
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Ecosystem management , Smart cities
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22501 , vital:52382
- Description: Smart city systems are intended to enhance the lives of citizens through the design of systems that promote resource efficiency and the real-time provisioning of resources in cities. The benefits offered by smart cities include the use of internet of things (IoT) sensors to gather useful data such as power demand to inhibit blackouts and the average speed of vehicles to alleviate traffic congestion. Nonetheless, earlier studies have indicated a substantial increase in cyber-security issues due to the increase in the deployment of smart city ecosystems. Consequently, IoT cyber-security is recognised as an area that requires crucial scrutiny. This study begins by investigating the current state of intrusion detection in smart city ecosystems. Current intrusion detection frameworks lack the capability to operate under extremely limiting settings such as conditions of low processing power and fast response times. Moreover, the study also identifies that, despite intrusion detection being a highly researched thematic area, a plethora of previous studies tend to propose intrusion detection frameworks that are more suitable for traditional computer networks rather than wireless sensor networks (WSNs) which consist of heterogeneous settings with diverse devices and communication protocols. Subsequently, this study developed two candidate deep learning models, namely a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a long short-term memory (LSTM) network and presents evidence on their robustness and predictive power. Results have indicated that, unlike the CNN model, the LSTM model can quickly converge and offer high predictive power without the vigorous application of regularisation techniques. The proposed LSTM classification model obtained a remarkable 100% in detection rates and further reported 0% in false alarm and false negative rates. This study gives a broad overview of the current state of intrusion detection mechanisms for smart city ecosystems to guide future studies. The study also demonstrates that existing intrusion detection systems (IDSs) can be enhanced through the development of more robust and lightweight models that offer high detection rates and minimal false alarm rates to prevent security risks in smart city ecosystems to ensure sustainable and safe smart cities. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2021
- Full Text:
Raising a child with an intellectual disability in a township: The lived experiences of black South African parents
- Authors: Sothoane, Relebogile Happy
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Intelligence levels , Intellectual disability , Developmental disabilities
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23238 , vital:56483
- Description: This study was conducted to explore and understand how black South African parents residing in a township, experience raising a child with an intellectual disability. It was important to investigate this under-researched phenomenon to have a holistic understanding of the personal experiences and meanings that black South African parents have over the years attached to, and experienced in their journeys of raising a child with intellectual impairments in low economic areas. An Interpretive qualitative approach was adopted to explore and understand the experiences of raising a child with an intellectual disability in a township by black South African parents. Non-probability snowball and purposive sampling methods were used to develop the sample for this study. Four parents residing in two townships (Mdantsane and Ducan Village) around the Buffalo City Municipality which is situated in the Eastern Cape province participated in this study. Data was collected through personal, face to face and individual interviews which were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Braun and Clarke’s six steps of thematic analysis was employed to analyse the data that was collected. The results of this study showed that raising children with intellectual disabilities in a township is challenging. Parents tend to feel that they are alone on this journey because of the lack of support, acceptance and understanding they receive from family members, the community and even teachers. Furthermore, the study found that being financially disadvantaged is a challenge when it comes to raising a child with an intellectual disability. Participants in this study indicated that the unconditional love they have for their children motivates them daily to raise their children and that they have hopes and dreams for their children despite the children’s impairments. This study recommends that the department of education hold more psychoeducation workshops on intellectual disability, especially for teachers in mainstream and inclusive schools who educate children with intellectual disabilities. Furthermore, more awareness campaigns in townships to educate the community on intellectual disability are recommended. , Thesis (MSoc Sci) (Counselling Psychology) --Faculty of Social Science and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Authors: Sothoane, Relebogile Happy
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Intelligence levels , Intellectual disability , Developmental disabilities
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23238 , vital:56483
- Description: This study was conducted to explore and understand how black South African parents residing in a township, experience raising a child with an intellectual disability. It was important to investigate this under-researched phenomenon to have a holistic understanding of the personal experiences and meanings that black South African parents have over the years attached to, and experienced in their journeys of raising a child with intellectual impairments in low economic areas. An Interpretive qualitative approach was adopted to explore and understand the experiences of raising a child with an intellectual disability in a township by black South African parents. Non-probability snowball and purposive sampling methods were used to develop the sample for this study. Four parents residing in two townships (Mdantsane and Ducan Village) around the Buffalo City Municipality which is situated in the Eastern Cape province participated in this study. Data was collected through personal, face to face and individual interviews which were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Braun and Clarke’s six steps of thematic analysis was employed to analyse the data that was collected. The results of this study showed that raising children with intellectual disabilities in a township is challenging. Parents tend to feel that they are alone on this journey because of the lack of support, acceptance and understanding they receive from family members, the community and even teachers. Furthermore, the study found that being financially disadvantaged is a challenge when it comes to raising a child with an intellectual disability. Participants in this study indicated that the unconditional love they have for their children motivates them daily to raise their children and that they have hopes and dreams for their children despite the children’s impairments. This study recommends that the department of education hold more psychoeducation workshops on intellectual disability, especially for teachers in mainstream and inclusive schools who educate children with intellectual disabilities. Furthermore, more awareness campaigns in townships to educate the community on intellectual disability are recommended. , Thesis (MSoc Sci) (Counselling Psychology) --Faculty of Social Science and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
Sedimentology, reservoir properties and hydrocarbon potential of the southern Bredasdorp Basin, offshore of the Western Cape Province, South Africa
- Authors: Baiyegunhi, Temitope Love
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Sediments (Geology) , Hydrocarbon reservoirs
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20753 , vital:46546
- Description: The Bredasdorp Basin has become the focus for exploration activity (i.e., seismic exploration and drilling) since the discovery of gas-condensate and oil reservoirs in the early 1980s. The basin has proven hydrocarbon reserves and potential for future discoveries. However, uncertainty about the sedimentological and petrographic characteristics, reservoir qualities, thermal maturity and hydrocarbon potential of the source/reservoir rocks has hindered further exploration, particularly in the southern part of the basin. To date, this part of the basin remains unexplored and partially understood with respect to petroleum systems evolution when compared to the central and northern parts of the basin. To fill the research gaps, exploration wells E-AH1, E-AJ1, E-BA1, E-BB1 and E-D3 were investigated so as to unravel the petrographic characteristics, depositional processes and paleoenvironment, tectonic provenance, paleoweathering, hydrocarbon potential, thermal maturity, diagenetic characterisitcs and reservoir qualities of the southern Bredasdorp Basin. The grain size textural parameters revealed that the southern Bredasdorp Basin sandstones are unimodal, predominantly fine-grained, moderately well sorted, mesokurtic and near-symmetrical. The bivariate plots of grain size textural parameters indicate that the depositional environments had been influenced mainly by river/beach/coastal dune conditions. The linear discriminate functions (LDF) diagrams show that the sediments are turbidity current deposits in a shallow marine environment. The Passega diagram revealed that the studied sandstones were mainly deposited by traction currents and beach process. In addition, the grain size log-probability curves and Passega diagram show the predominance of saltation and suspension modes of sediment transportation. Based on the inter-relationship of the various statistical parameters, it is deduced that the southern Bredasdorp Basin are mainly shallow marine deposits with signature of beach and coastal river processes. Based on the lithofacies analysis of the southern Bredasdorp Basin borehole cores, thirteen lithofacies were identified and grouped into six facies associations (FAs). The facies associations are: matrix supported conglomerate and massive sandstone (FA 1), ripple cross laminated, trough cross bedded and bioturbated sandstone (FA 2), massive sandstone with mudstone and shale interbeds (FA 3), alternating laminated to interbedded sandstone/siltstone and mudstone (FA 4), massive mudstone with minor interlamination of clay-rich sandstones and siltstone (FA 5), and carbonaceous laminated shale and mudstone with occasional siltstone laminae (FA 6). Facies associations FA1, FA2, FA3, FA4, FA5 and FA6 are interpreted as submarine channel-fills, submarine channel-levee, submarine sheet lobe, submarine lobe fring/overflow, basin plain deposits and deep sea floor/basin plain deposits, respectively. Sedimentological evidences from lithofacies interpretation revealed shallow marine environment as the main depositional environment, with minor contribution from the deep marine environment. Petrographic studies show that the southern Bredasdorp Basin sandstones chiefly consist of quartz (52.2–68.0percent), feldspar (10.0–18.0percent), and lithic fragments (5.0–10.2percent). The modal composition analysis revealed that the sandstones could be classified as subarkosic arenite and lithic arkose. The provenance ternary diagrams revealed that the rocks are mainly of continental block provenances (stable shields and basement uplifted areas) and complemented by recycled sands from an associated platform. The tectonic provenance studies show that the sandstones are typically rift-derived arenites and have undergone long-distance transport from the source area along the rift. In the regional context of the evolution of the Bredasdorp Basin, the results suggested that the basin developed on a passive rift setting (trailing edge) of the stable continental margins. The provenance discrimination diagrams based on major oxide geochemistry revealed that the sandstones are mainly of quartzose sedimentary provenance, while the mudrocks are of quartzose sedimentary and intermediate igneous provenances. The discrimination diagrams indicate that the southern Bredasdorp Basin sediments were mostly derived from a cratonic interior or recycled orogen. The bivariate plots of TiO2 versus Ni, TiO2 against Zr and La/Th versus Hf as well as the ternary diagrams of V–Ni–Th×10 suggest that the mudrocks and sandstones were derived from felsic igneous rocks. The tectonic setting discrimination diagrams support passive-active continental margin setting of the provenance. Chemical index of alteration (CIA) indices observed in the sandstones suggest that their source area underwent low to moderate degree of chemical weathering. However, the mudrocks have high CIA indices suggesting that the source area underwent more intense chemical weathering, possibly due to climatic and/or tectonic variations. The organic geochemistry results show that these rocks have total organic carbon, TOC contents ranging from 0.14 to 7.03 wt.percent. The hydrogen index (HI), oxygen index (OI), and hydrocarbon index (S2/S3) values vary between 24–263 mg HC/g TOC, 4–78 mg CO2/g TOC, and 0.01–18 mgHC/mgCO2 TOC, respectively, indicating predominantly Type III and IV kerogen with a minor amount of mixed Type II/III kerogen. The mean vitrinite reflectance values vary from 0.60–1.20percent, indicating that the samples are in the oil-generation window. The Tmax and PI values are consistent with the mean vitrinite reflectance values, indicating that the southern Bredasdorp Basin source rocks have entered the oil window and are considered as effective source rocks in the southern Bredasdorp Basin. The hydrocarbon genetic potential (SP), normalized oil content (NOC) and production index (PI) values all indicate poor to fair hydrocarbon generative potential. The main diagenetic processes that have affected the reservoir quality of the southern Bredasdorp Basin rocks are cementation by authigenic clay, carbonate and silica, growth of authigenic glauconite, dissolution of minerals and load compaction. These aforementioned diagenetic processes act differently in each borehole and at different depths. The influence of cementation and compaction is complex with no particular pattern with increasing depth, suggesting that diagenesis is the main challenge to reservoir characterization in the southern Bredasdorp Basin. The clays in the sandstones act as pore choking cement, which reduces porosity and permeability of the reservoir rocks. Reservoir quality of the sandstones has been improved to various extents due to the development of secondary porosity as a result of partial to complete dissolution of early calcite cement and some detrital grains (feldspars) and also affected by grain fracturing. The scattered plots of porosity and permeability versus cement+clays show good inverse correlations, suggesting that the reservoir quality is mainly controlled by cementation and authigenic clays. Based on the diagenetic study, it can be inferred that the potential reservoir quality of the southern Bredasdorp Basin sandstones is poor-moderate. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2021
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- Authors: Baiyegunhi, Temitope Love
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Sediments (Geology) , Hydrocarbon reservoirs
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20753 , vital:46546
- Description: The Bredasdorp Basin has become the focus for exploration activity (i.e., seismic exploration and drilling) since the discovery of gas-condensate and oil reservoirs in the early 1980s. The basin has proven hydrocarbon reserves and potential for future discoveries. However, uncertainty about the sedimentological and petrographic characteristics, reservoir qualities, thermal maturity and hydrocarbon potential of the source/reservoir rocks has hindered further exploration, particularly in the southern part of the basin. To date, this part of the basin remains unexplored and partially understood with respect to petroleum systems evolution when compared to the central and northern parts of the basin. To fill the research gaps, exploration wells E-AH1, E-AJ1, E-BA1, E-BB1 and E-D3 were investigated so as to unravel the petrographic characteristics, depositional processes and paleoenvironment, tectonic provenance, paleoweathering, hydrocarbon potential, thermal maturity, diagenetic characterisitcs and reservoir qualities of the southern Bredasdorp Basin. The grain size textural parameters revealed that the southern Bredasdorp Basin sandstones are unimodal, predominantly fine-grained, moderately well sorted, mesokurtic and near-symmetrical. The bivariate plots of grain size textural parameters indicate that the depositional environments had been influenced mainly by river/beach/coastal dune conditions. The linear discriminate functions (LDF) diagrams show that the sediments are turbidity current deposits in a shallow marine environment. The Passega diagram revealed that the studied sandstones were mainly deposited by traction currents and beach process. In addition, the grain size log-probability curves and Passega diagram show the predominance of saltation and suspension modes of sediment transportation. Based on the inter-relationship of the various statistical parameters, it is deduced that the southern Bredasdorp Basin are mainly shallow marine deposits with signature of beach and coastal river processes. Based on the lithofacies analysis of the southern Bredasdorp Basin borehole cores, thirteen lithofacies were identified and grouped into six facies associations (FAs). The facies associations are: matrix supported conglomerate and massive sandstone (FA 1), ripple cross laminated, trough cross bedded and bioturbated sandstone (FA 2), massive sandstone with mudstone and shale interbeds (FA 3), alternating laminated to interbedded sandstone/siltstone and mudstone (FA 4), massive mudstone with minor interlamination of clay-rich sandstones and siltstone (FA 5), and carbonaceous laminated shale and mudstone with occasional siltstone laminae (FA 6). Facies associations FA1, FA2, FA3, FA4, FA5 and FA6 are interpreted as submarine channel-fills, submarine channel-levee, submarine sheet lobe, submarine lobe fring/overflow, basin plain deposits and deep sea floor/basin plain deposits, respectively. Sedimentological evidences from lithofacies interpretation revealed shallow marine environment as the main depositional environment, with minor contribution from the deep marine environment. Petrographic studies show that the southern Bredasdorp Basin sandstones chiefly consist of quartz (52.2–68.0percent), feldspar (10.0–18.0percent), and lithic fragments (5.0–10.2percent). The modal composition analysis revealed that the sandstones could be classified as subarkosic arenite and lithic arkose. The provenance ternary diagrams revealed that the rocks are mainly of continental block provenances (stable shields and basement uplifted areas) and complemented by recycled sands from an associated platform. The tectonic provenance studies show that the sandstones are typically rift-derived arenites and have undergone long-distance transport from the source area along the rift. In the regional context of the evolution of the Bredasdorp Basin, the results suggested that the basin developed on a passive rift setting (trailing edge) of the stable continental margins. The provenance discrimination diagrams based on major oxide geochemistry revealed that the sandstones are mainly of quartzose sedimentary provenance, while the mudrocks are of quartzose sedimentary and intermediate igneous provenances. The discrimination diagrams indicate that the southern Bredasdorp Basin sediments were mostly derived from a cratonic interior or recycled orogen. The bivariate plots of TiO2 versus Ni, TiO2 against Zr and La/Th versus Hf as well as the ternary diagrams of V–Ni–Th×10 suggest that the mudrocks and sandstones were derived from felsic igneous rocks. The tectonic setting discrimination diagrams support passive-active continental margin setting of the provenance. Chemical index of alteration (CIA) indices observed in the sandstones suggest that their source area underwent low to moderate degree of chemical weathering. However, the mudrocks have high CIA indices suggesting that the source area underwent more intense chemical weathering, possibly due to climatic and/or tectonic variations. The organic geochemistry results show that these rocks have total organic carbon, TOC contents ranging from 0.14 to 7.03 wt.percent. The hydrogen index (HI), oxygen index (OI), and hydrocarbon index (S2/S3) values vary between 24–263 mg HC/g TOC, 4–78 mg CO2/g TOC, and 0.01–18 mgHC/mgCO2 TOC, respectively, indicating predominantly Type III and IV kerogen with a minor amount of mixed Type II/III kerogen. The mean vitrinite reflectance values vary from 0.60–1.20percent, indicating that the samples are in the oil-generation window. The Tmax and PI values are consistent with the mean vitrinite reflectance values, indicating that the southern Bredasdorp Basin source rocks have entered the oil window and are considered as effective source rocks in the southern Bredasdorp Basin. The hydrocarbon genetic potential (SP), normalized oil content (NOC) and production index (PI) values all indicate poor to fair hydrocarbon generative potential. The main diagenetic processes that have affected the reservoir quality of the southern Bredasdorp Basin rocks are cementation by authigenic clay, carbonate and silica, growth of authigenic glauconite, dissolution of minerals and load compaction. These aforementioned diagenetic processes act differently in each borehole and at different depths. The influence of cementation and compaction is complex with no particular pattern with increasing depth, suggesting that diagenesis is the main challenge to reservoir characterization in the southern Bredasdorp Basin. The clays in the sandstones act as pore choking cement, which reduces porosity and permeability of the reservoir rocks. Reservoir quality of the sandstones has been improved to various extents due to the development of secondary porosity as a result of partial to complete dissolution of early calcite cement and some detrital grains (feldspars) and also affected by grain fracturing. The scattered plots of porosity and permeability versus cement+clays show good inverse correlations, suggesting that the reservoir quality is mainly controlled by cementation and authigenic clays. Based on the diagenetic study, it can be inferred that the potential reservoir quality of the southern Bredasdorp Basin sandstones is poor-moderate. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2021
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Stancetaking by university students writing in English as a second language/ non-native language / non- native language: A case of students at Solusi University, Zimbabwe
- Chikara, Tendai Owen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2546-7128
- Authors: Chikara, Tendai Owen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2546-7128
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Language and languages -- Style , Discourse analysis
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22283 , vital:52013
- Description: The thrust of the study was to investigate the stancetaking strategies by English Second Language (ESL)/ Non‐Native Language learners undertaking undergraduate studies at one university in Zimbabwe. The learners in the study came from a variety of backgrounds but shared one common feature which was the fact that they used English as a Second Language/ Non‐native language/Non‐Native Language. Using a case study approach, the study interviewed these ESL users as well as analysed their essays to establish how the learners used metadiscourse markers to communicate stance. Using insights from Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) theory, the study sought to establish how the language of appraisal was used in the learners’ essays. Findings indicate that learners had a superficial appreciation of the academic writing genre and thus failed to use metadiscourse markers or resources of appraisal effectively to communicate stance. Differences were noted in the manner that stance was communicated between different faculties and possible explanations were offered for such findings. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Authors: Chikara, Tendai Owen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2546-7128
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Language and languages -- Style , Discourse analysis
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22283 , vital:52013
- Description: The thrust of the study was to investigate the stancetaking strategies by English Second Language (ESL)/ Non‐Native Language learners undertaking undergraduate studies at one university in Zimbabwe. The learners in the study came from a variety of backgrounds but shared one common feature which was the fact that they used English as a Second Language/ Non‐native language/Non‐Native Language. Using a case study approach, the study interviewed these ESL users as well as analysed their essays to establish how the learners used metadiscourse markers to communicate stance. Using insights from Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) theory, the study sought to establish how the language of appraisal was used in the learners’ essays. Findings indicate that learners had a superficial appreciation of the academic writing genre and thus failed to use metadiscourse markers or resources of appraisal effectively to communicate stance. Differences were noted in the manner that stance was communicated between different faculties and possible explanations were offered for such findings. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2021
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Transition experiences from student to nascent Entreprenuership: a narrative analysis.
- Authors: Soda, Ruth
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Business education. , Entrepreneurship. , Career development.
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22323 , vital:52023
- Description: Orientation: South Africa is facing an increase in the unemployment rate. This has affected many youths, particularly the graduates of South Africa. In a quest to better their lives, many of them are engaging in nascent entrepreneurship. Although they are facing challenges in the journey, they are managing to devise solutions that work for their success. Research purpose: The main purpose of this research was to explore the transition experiences from student to nascent entrepreneur. The secondary aims included: i) investigating the journey (experiences and transitions in becoming a nascent entrepreneur), ii) exploring the challenges as part of the experiences and transitions faced by nascent entrepreneurs, and iii) exploring how nascent entrepreneurs, as part of the challenges faced during experiences and transition, navigate past these. Motivation for the study: Many studies in literature have focused on nascent entrepreneurship. Further studies should concentrate on narrowing this aspect to the South African context and also more qualitative studies should be conducted to gain a deep understanding of nascent entrepreneurship. Research approach/design and method: A qualitative research approach was used as a way of generating new information. Narrative inquiry was employed and this allowed the participants to express their views freely. A sample of 22 participants was utilised for this study. Data was analysed using the three levels of meaning-making. Main findings: The findings of this study were grouped into three narratives. The first narrative was nascent entrepreneurship expressed as a solution to social challenges. The second narrative elaborated the challenges that these participants faced in their nascent entrepreneurship journey. The last narrative focused on the solutions that were implied by the participants in response to the challenges they encountered in the transition process. Practical implications: Based on the research findings, this research has recommendations that can assist universities and students, those who are already in the entrepreneurial space, as well as the government. Contribution/value-add: All the universities in South Africa should integrate the need for thorough entrepreneurship education in their institutions to prepare students for the world of work and policies set for entrepreneurship should be amended. , Thesis (MCom) (Business Management) -- University of Fort Hare, 2021
- Full Text:
- Authors: Soda, Ruth
- Date: 2021-05
- Subjects: Business education. , Entrepreneurship. , Career development.
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/22323 , vital:52023
- Description: Orientation: South Africa is facing an increase in the unemployment rate. This has affected many youths, particularly the graduates of South Africa. In a quest to better their lives, many of them are engaging in nascent entrepreneurship. Although they are facing challenges in the journey, they are managing to devise solutions that work for their success. Research purpose: The main purpose of this research was to explore the transition experiences from student to nascent entrepreneur. The secondary aims included: i) investigating the journey (experiences and transitions in becoming a nascent entrepreneur), ii) exploring the challenges as part of the experiences and transitions faced by nascent entrepreneurs, and iii) exploring how nascent entrepreneurs, as part of the challenges faced during experiences and transition, navigate past these. Motivation for the study: Many studies in literature have focused on nascent entrepreneurship. Further studies should concentrate on narrowing this aspect to the South African context and also more qualitative studies should be conducted to gain a deep understanding of nascent entrepreneurship. Research approach/design and method: A qualitative research approach was used as a way of generating new information. Narrative inquiry was employed and this allowed the participants to express their views freely. A sample of 22 participants was utilised for this study. Data was analysed using the three levels of meaning-making. Main findings: The findings of this study were grouped into three narratives. The first narrative was nascent entrepreneurship expressed as a solution to social challenges. The second narrative elaborated the challenges that these participants faced in their nascent entrepreneurship journey. The last narrative focused on the solutions that were implied by the participants in response to the challenges they encountered in the transition process. Practical implications: Based on the research findings, this research has recommendations that can assist universities and students, those who are already in the entrepreneurial space, as well as the government. Contribution/value-add: All the universities in South Africa should integrate the need for thorough entrepreneurship education in their institutions to prepare students for the world of work and policies set for entrepreneurship should be amended. , Thesis (MCom) (Business Management) -- University of Fort Hare, 2021
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