Bamba
- Authors: Malick Ly (composer, lead vocal, guitar solo) , Daouda N'Diaye (chorus, drums, arrangement) , Habib Niente (chorus, bass, orchestra leader) , Pathe Dieng (chorus, percussion) , Libasse Seye (keyboard) , Studio 2000
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129206 , vital:36246 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC19-03
- Description: Senegalese traditional rhythms and song fused with modern instruments and genres
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Bippe
- Authors: Malick Ly (composer, lead vocal, guitar solo) , Daouda N'Diaye (chorus, drums, arrangement) , Habib Niente (chorus, bass, orchestra leader) , Pathe Dieng (chorus, percussion) , Libasse Seye (keyboard) , Studio 2000
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129233 , vital:36249 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC19-06
- Description: Senegalese traditional rhythms and song fused with modern instruments and genres
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
La bal
- Authors: Malick Ly (composer, lead vocal, guitar solo) , Daouda N'Diaye (chorus, drums, arrangement) , Habib Niente (chorus, bass, orchestra leader) , Pathe Dieng (chorus, percussion) , Libasse Seye (keyboard) , Studio 2000
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129145 , vital:36222 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC19-02
- Description: Senegalese traditional rhythms and song fused with modern instruments and genres
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Debbo
- Authors: Malick Ly (composer, lead vocal, guitar solo) , Daouda N'Diaye (chorus, drums, arrangement) , Habib Niente (chorus, bass, orchestra leader) , Pathe Dieng (chorus, percussion) , Libasse Seye (keyboard) , Studio 2000
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129211 , vital:36247 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC19-04
- Description: Senegalese traditional rhythms and song fused with modern instruments and genres
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Futa
- Authors: Malick Ly (composer, lead vocal, guitar solo) , Daouda N'Diaye (chorus, drums, arrangement) , Habib Niente (chorus, bass, orchestra leader) , Pathe Dieng (chorus, percussion) , Libasse Seye (keyboard) , Studio 2000
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129224 , vital:36248 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC19-05
- Description: Senegalese traditional rhythms and song fused with modern instruments and genres
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Gaynako
- Authors: Malick Ly (composer, lead vocal, guitar solo) , Daouda N'Diaye (chorus, drums, arrangement) , Habib Niente (chorus, bass, orchestra leader) , Pathe Dieng (chorus, percussion) , Libasse Seye (keyboard) , Studio 2000
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Africa, West , Africa Senegal Dakar f-sg
- Language: French
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/129136 , vital:36221 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDC19-01
- Description: Senegalese traditional rhythms and song fused with modern instruments and genres
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Diomantaire Balla-Kissidougou
- Authors: Saly Sidibe , Harouna Bary (arrangement) , Adama Drame (guitar solo) , Batass (bass guitar) , Lamine Camara (electric piano) , Mamadou Koita (Djembe) , Sidi Coulibaly (drums) , Awa Diabate, Sanota Doumbie (chorus) , Ali Landoure
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Mali--1991-2000 , Africa Mali Wassoulou f-ml
- Language: Bambara
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/127331 , vital:36001 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDCO3-02
- Description: Singing accompanied by guitar and N'goni, electric piano and flute
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Analysis of selected choral works by John Tavener with particular reference to the post-1977 works
- Authors: Imrie, Sally
- Date: 1998
- Subjects: Tavener, John Choral music
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MMus
- Identifier: vital:2642 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002307
- Description: This thesis deals with sacred choral music written by John Tavener, a British composer born in 1944. It touches briefly on the background of Tavener and his early works (i.e. from about 1960-1976) - two works from that period have been selected for analysis, Celtic Requiem and Nomine Jesu. The main body of the thesis is concerned with those works composed,.after 1977, which show the influence of the Orthodox Church and Byzantine hymnography on Tavener's stylistic development. The selected works from this period to be analysed are: Ode of St Andrew of Crete, Two Hymns to the Mother of God, Magnificat, Nunc Dimittis, The Uncreated Eros, Eonia and We Shall See Him As Heis.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1998
Wali Diawara
- Authors: Saly Sidibe , Harouna Bary (arrangement) , Adama Drame (guitar solo) , Batass (bass guitar) , Lamine Camara (electric piano) , Mamadou Koita (Djembe) , Sidi Coulibaly (drums) , Awa Diabate, Sanota Doumbie (chorus) , Ali Landoure
- Date: 2000
- Subjects: Popular music , Popular music--Mali--1991-2000 , Africa Mali Wassoulou f-ml
- Language: Bambara
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/127349 , vital:36003 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa , SDCO3-04
- Description: Singing accompanied by guitar and N'goni, electric piano
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2000
Fungal remediation of winery and distillery wastewaters using Trametes pubescens MB 89 and the enhanced production of a high-value enzyme therein
- Authors: Strong, Peter James
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: Fungal remediation Distilleries -- Waste disposal Wine and wine making -- Waste disposal Bioremediation Laccase Enzymes -- Biotechnology
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:3932 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003991
- Description: In this study white-rot fungi were investigated for their efficiency at distillery wastewater remediation and the production of laccase as a valuable by-product. Distillery wastewaters are high in organic load and low in pH. The presence of phenolic compounds can lead to extremely colour-rich wastewaters and can be toxic to microorganisms. The presence of the inorganic ions may also affect biological treatment. White-rot fungi are unique among eukaryotic or prokaryotic microbes in possessing powerful oxidative enzyme systems that can degrade lignin to carbon dioxide. These ligninolytic enzymes, such as lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase and laccase, are capable of degrading a vast range of toxic, recalcitrant environmental pollutants and this makes the white-rot fungi strong candidates for the bioremediation of polluted soils and waters. The laccase enzyme alone has shown remediation potential in wastewaters such as beer production effluent, olive mill wastewater, alcohol distillery wastes, dye-containing wastewaters from the textile industry as well as wastewaters from the paper and pulp industry. It has been shown to be capable of remediating soils and waters polluted with chlorinated phenolic compounds, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, nitrosubstituted compounds and fungicides, herbicides and insecticides.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
The Brotherhood of Breath
- Authors: Plougastel, Yann
- Language: French
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:13635 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012522
- Description: Photocopied article from the French newspaper L'Evénement du Jeudi about Chris McGregor and the Brotherhood of Breath and the release of their last recording "Country Cooking". There is also a picture of Chris McGregor playing flute with this article.
- Full Text:
Ecological and morphological differentiation of the honeybees. Apis mellitera linnaeus (Hymenoptera: Apidae). of West Africa
- Authors: Radloff, Sarah E , Hepburn, H Randall , Fuchs, S
- Date: 1998
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/451832 , vital:75080 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/AJA10213589_253
- Description: Morphometric characters of worker honeybees, Apis mellifera Linnaeus, were analysed by multivariate methods to characterize their populations in the sahelian, dry and wet tropical and equatorial regions of western and eastern Africa (mainly between 0 and 15 N latitude, 18 W and 39""E longitude). Two distinct morphocIusters and azoneof hybridization between them were identified. The bees are identified as Apis mellifera adansonii Latreille and A. m. jemenitica Ruttrter. The former subspecies is distributed in the equatorial and wet tropical regions, the latter in the dry tropical and sahelian eco-climatic zones. The hybrid zone extends into the two tropical and savanna biomes and it is suggested that the stability of the hybridization zone is largely the effect of extensive annual fire in the region.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1998
Curcumin analogues as ligands for Re (I) and (V)
- Authors: Schmitt, Bonell
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Rhenium , Ligands , Chemistry, Inorganic
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:10443 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020975
- Description: Coordination properties of 4-bromo-N-(diethylcarbamothioyl)benzamide (Hbeb) and 4-bromo-N-(diphenylcarbamothioyl)benzamide (Hbpb) with oxorhenium(V) and rhenium(I) are reported and discussed. Transition metal complexes of these ligands were studied due to the wide range of applications of thiourea derivatives in biological fields. N-[Di(alkyl/aryl)carbamothioyl]benzamide derivatives readily coordinate to metal ions as O,S-donors and the catalytic property of the complexes can be altered by these ligands, due to steric and electronic properties provided by various substituents. The coordination possibilities of curcumin with rhenium(V) are discussed, as well as the difficulties encountered. Analogues of curcumin have been made, which also contains a seven-spacer unit between the phenyl rings, which would be more reactive and more effective in bonding to rhenium and which have greater or a similar biological activity to curcumin. This was done by assessing the coordination properties of 1,5-bis(salicylidene)thiocarbohydrazide (H4salt) and 2,4-bis(vanilidene)thiocarbohydrazide (H4vant) with oxorhenium(V) and rhenium(I) starting materials. Two rhenium(V) complex salts of the core [ReX(PPh3)2]4+ (X = Br, I), containing a coordinated imido nitrogen, are reported. One is a ‘2+1’ complex, coordinating bi- and monodentately, with the other a similar ‘3+0’ complex containing a tridentate imido-coordinated Schiff base. Selected compounds were tested against oesophageal cancer cell lines in order to evaluate and compare their effectiveness in eliminating or reducing the cancer cells in the test medium during biological testing.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Louanges de cheikh tidjane kouyor kourousam
- Authors: Yatma N'diaye , Composer Not Specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1951-00-00
- Subjects: Popular music--Africa , Dance music , Dance music--Caribbean Area , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Senegal City Not Specified f-sa
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/213936 , vital:47889 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , CR1060 , Research no.GT1
- Description: For further details refer to ILAM shellac record number: CR1060
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1951-00-00
Lounges de El Hadj malik sy
- Authors: Yatma N'diaye , Composer Not Specified , Tracey, Hugh
- Date: 1951-00-00
- Subjects: Popular music--Africa , Dance music , Dance music--Caribbean Area , Field recordings , Africa, Sub-Saharan , Africa Senegal City Not Specified f-sa
- Language: Wolof
- Type: sound recordings , field recordings , sound recording-musical
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/213927 , vital:47888 , International Library of African Music, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , Hugh Tracey Commercial Records, Rhodes University, Makhanda, South Africa , CR1060 , Research no.GT1
- Description: For further details refer to ILAM shellac record number: CR1060
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 1951-00-00
Rhenium complexes with multidentate benzazoles and related N,X-donor (X = N, O, S) ligands
- Authors: Potgieter, Kim Carey
- Date: 2012
- Subjects: Rhenium , Benzimidazoles , Ligands (Biochemistry)
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:10438 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020773
- Description: The coordination behaviour of 4-aminoantipyrine (H2pap) and its Schiff base derivatives with the oxorhenium(V) and tricarbonyl rhenium(I) cores are reported. The reactions of trans-[ReOX3(PPh3)2] (X = Cl, Br) with H2pap were studied, and the complexes cis-[ReX2(pap)(H2pap)(PPh3)](ReO4) were isolated. The ligand pap is coordinated monodentately through the doubly deprotonated amino nitrogen as an imide, and H2pap acts as a neutral bidentate chelate, with coordination through the neutral amino nitrogen and the ketonic oxygen. The reactions of trans-[ReOBr3(PPh3)2] and cis-[ReO2I(PPh3)2] with -(2-aminobenzylideneamino)-1,2-dihydro-2,3-dimethyl-1-phenylpyrazol-5-one (H2nap) and 4-(2-hydroxybenzylideneamino)-1,2-dihydro-2,3-dimethyl-1-phenylpyrazol-5-one (Hoap) are also reported. The complexes cis-[Re(nap)Br2(PPh3)]Br, [ReO(OEt)(Hnap)(PPh3)]I and [ReO(OMe)(oap)(PPh3)]I were isolated and structurally characterized. The reactions of the Schiff base derivatives 1,2-(diimino-4’-antipyrinyl)ethane (dae) and 2,6-bis(4-amino-1,2-dihydro-2,3-dimethyl-1-phenylpyrazol-5-one)pyridine (bap) with [Re(CO)5X] (X = Br or Cl) produced fac-[Re(CO)3(dae)Cl] and fac-[Re(CO)3(bap)Br] respectively. A series of rhenium(I) tricarbonyl complexes containing bidentate derivatives of aniline was synthesized and structurally characterized. With 1,2-diaminobenzene (Hpda) the ‘2+1’ complex salt fac-[Re(CO)3(κ1-Hpda)(κ2-Hpda)]Br was isolated, but with 2-mercaptophenol (Hspo) the bridged dimer [Re2(CO)7(spo)2] was found. The neutral complex [Re(CO)3(ons)(Hno)] was isolated from the reaction of [Re(CO)5Br] with 2-[(2-methylthio)benzylideneimino]phenol (Hons; Hno = 2-aminophenol), with ons coordinated as a bidentate chelate with a free SCH3 group. In the complex [Re(CO)3(Htpn)Br] (Htpn = N-(2-(methylthio)benzylidene)benzene-1,2-diamine) the potentially tridentate ligand Htpn is coordinated via the methylthiol sulfur and imino nitrogen atoms only, with a free amino group. These rhenium(I) complexes, with the exception of [Re2(CO)7(spo)2], revealed broad emissions centred around 535 nm. The reactions of the rhenium(V) complex cis-[ReO2I(PPh3)2] with 2-aminothiophenol (H2atp), benzene-1,2-dithiol (H2tdt) and 2-hydroxybenzenethiol (H2otp) led to the formation of the rhenium(III) compounds [Re(Hatp)(ibsq)2].OPPh3, [Re(sbsq)3].OPPh3 and [Re(obsq)3].OPPh3 (ibsq = 2-iminothiobenzosemiquinonate, sbsq = 1,2-dithiobenzosemiquinonate, obsq = 2-hydroxothiobenzosemiquinonate) respectively. The complexes adopt a trigonal prismatic geometry around the rhenium centre with average twists angles between 3.20-26.10˚. The E1/2 values for the Re(III)/Re(IV) redox couple were found to be 0.022, 0.142 and 0.126 V for [Re(Hatp)(ibsq)2].OPPh3, [Re(sbsq)3].OPPh3 and [Re(obsq)3].OPPh3 respectively. The reactions of the benzoxazole ligands, 3-(benzoxazol-2-yl)pyridin-2-ol (Hbop) and 5-amino-2-(benzoxazol-2-yl)phenol (Habo) with a [ReO]3+ precursor led to the rhenium(III) complex, [ReCl2(bop)(PPh3)2], and the complex salt, [ReO(abo)I(PPh3)2]ReO4, respectively. A variety of benzothiazole and benzimidazole derivatives were reacted with [Re(CO)5Br]. In the case of bis(benzothiazol-2-ylethyl)sulfide (bts), the neutral complex fac-[Re(CO)3(bts)Br] was obtained. The dimeric complexes (μ-dbt)2[Re(CO)3]2 and (μ-mbt)2[Re(CO)3]2 were formed when 1,3-bis(benzothiazol-2-yl)thiourea (Hdbt) and 1-(benzothiazol-2-ylidene)-3-methylthiourea (Hmbt) were used as ligands. The reaction of 2,2’-(oxybis(methylene))bis(benzimidazole) (bmb) with [Re(CO)5Cl] resulted in the rhenium(I) complex salt fac-[Re(CO)3(bmb)]+, with the tri-μ-chlorohexacarbonyl dirhenate [Re2(CO)6Cl3]- as the counter anion. The neutral complex fac-[Re(CO)3(btp)Cl] was isolated from the reaction of the 2,9-bis(benzothiazol-2-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline (btp) ligand and [Re(CO)5Cl]. The reactions of trans-[ReOCl3(PPh3)2] with bis(benzimidazol-2-ylethyl)sulfide (btn) and 1-(benzothiazol-2-ylidene)-3-methylthiourea (Hmbt) led to the formation of the cationic compounds (μ-O)2[Re2O2(btn)2]I2 and [ReCl2(bte)(PPh3)2]Cl (bte = (benzothiazole-2-yl)-N-ethylidenemethanamine) respectively.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2012
Music in Grahamstown, 1880-1900
- Authors: Sparrow, Marion Janet
- Date: 1978
- Subjects: Music -- South Africa -- Grahamstown -- History Music -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape -- History
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MMus
- Identifier: vital:2674 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007402
- Description: From Introduction: The previous thesis on the study of music in Grahamstown took the development to the point in history which marked the end of the Kaffir Wars on the Eastern Frontier. From 1880 - 1900, the Military Tradition of Grahamstown remained a strong factor in the daily life of the growing community. During the first decade of this thesis, there were years of retrenching and depression and the rural community, who supported many of the musical concerts, were also hard hit by drought and rinderpest. These problems are noticeable during the course of many of the chapters. The difficulties were overcome. The community grew and new schools were established and the effects of the First City Volunteers being away on minor War efforts, followed by the commencement of the Anglo-Boer War, were only temporarily felt in the musical life of the City. There must be to some extent duplication of information already submitted in an earlier thesis on Church Music. Chapter II - on Music in the Churches - is indispensable, as it reveals much of the heart and soul of the community, and without it the overall picture of the development of music in all spheres, would lose its true balance. It has been impossible to trace all the composers represented on the programmes, particularly those of all the glees and popular songs of the day. In some cases possible composers may perhaps have been suggested. There are obvious misprints which have been hinted at in footnotes. The primary source of information for this thesis has been "The Journal". As virtually all the material has been taken from that source and almost every footnote would have read Ibid . .. , I have dispensed with the abbreviation and merely given the date. Where the source of information changed, this was indicated. Throughout I have adhered to the facts and my deductions and suppositions have been reduced to a minimum .
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 1978
Synthesis, characterization, and biological studies of pyrazolone Schiff bases and their transition metal complexes
- Authors: Idemudia, Omoruyi Gold
- Date: 2014
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD (Chemistry)
- Identifier: vital:11340 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1016068
- Description: Some new acylpyrazolone Schiff bases have been synthesized from the condensation reaction of two acylpyrazolone diketone precursors with phenylhydrazine, 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine and sulfanilamide. They have been fully characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopic techniques (IR,1H and 13C NMR, and mass-spectra). The single crystal structure of the benzoyl derivative acylpyrazolone Schiff bases have been obtained and analyzed by X-ray crystallography technique. Solid state X-ray diffraction revealed a keto tautomer Schiff base in solid state. Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes with the Schiff bases have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and UV-VIS spectroscopy, magnetic susceptibility measurements, and thermal studies (TGA and DTG). An octahedral geometry around the transition metal ion, consisting of two bidentate Schiff base ligands bonding through the azometine nitrogen and ketonic oxygen have been proposed based on careful interpretation of available analytical and spectroscopic characterization results. Two water molecules as ligands complete the octahedral geometry in all cases. Using the invitro disc diffusion method for screening synthesized compounds against selected gram positive and gram negative bacterial at 40 mg/mL, and the DPPH free radical scavenging methods at 0.50, 0.25 and 0.13 mg/mL, the synthesized Schiff base and metal complexes showed varying biological activities. 4-benzoyl-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one sul29 fanilamide showed more activity generally, exhibiting a broad spectrum activity against all selected bacterial in some cases. Mn(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes of sulfanilamide Schiff base with the acetylpyrazolone derivative 4-acetyl-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one sulfanilamide, exhibited a stronger and very good DPPH radical scavenging activity as good as ascorbic acid on comparing, but not with Cu(II). As such they could be important antitumour candidates.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
The coordination chemistry of Rhenium(V) with multidentate no-donor ligands
- Authors: Abrahams, Abubak'r
- Date: 2009
- Subjects: Rhenium , Ligands
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: vital:10370 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/912 , Rhenium , Ligands
- Description: The neutral distorted octahedral complexes [ReOCl(L)] {H2L = N,N-bis(2- hydroxybenzyl)-2-(2-aminoethyl)dimethylamine (H2had), N,N-bis(2-hydroxybenzyl) aminomethylpyridine (H2hap); N,N-bis(2-hydroxybenzyl)-2-(2-aminoethyl)pyridine (H2hae)} were prepared by the reaction of trans-[ReOCl3(PPh3)2] with a twofold molar excess of H2L in ethanol. The X-ray structure determinations of [ReOCl(had)] and [ReOCl(hap)] were performed, and in both complexes the chloride is coordinated trans to the tripodal tertiary amino nitrogen, with a phenolate oxygen trans to the oxo oxygen. Treatment of trans-[ReO2(py)4]I with two equivalents and one equivalent each of H2had in acetone afforded the iodide salts of the oxypyridinium-ammonium zwitterions N1-(2-hydroxybenzyl)-N2,N2- dimethyl-N1-((2-oxypyridinium)-1-methyl)ethane-1,2-diamine [Hhpd]+ and N2,N2- dimethyl-N1-bis((2-oxypyridinium)-1-methyl)ethane-1,2-diamine [dod]+ respectively. In [Hhpd]I, one of the 2-hydroxyphenyl groups of H2had is substituted by an oxypyridinium group, and in [dod]I, both 2-hydroxyphenyl groups are converted. The X-ray crystal structure determination of the starting material H2had, [Hhpd]I and [dod]I reveals trigonal pyramidal geometries around the central amino nitrogen. The complex salt [ReO(bsa)]PF6 (H2bsa=bis(N-methylsalicylicylideneiminopropyl) amine) was prepared from the reaction of cis-[ReO2I(PPh3)2] with H2bsa in toluene. The dianionic pentadentate ligand bsa is coordinated to the ReO3+ moiety via one secondary amino and two imino nitrogens, and two anionic phenolate oxygens. The complex was characterized by spectroscopy and analytical data, and the structure has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The complex exhibits a distorted octahedral geometry around the central rhenium(V) ion, with the basal plane being defined by a phenolate oxygen, two imino nitrogens and the secondary amino. ix A. Abrahams Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University The reaction of a two-fold molar excess of the potentially NN-donor ligand 2,2’- dipyridylamine (dpa) with trans-[ReO(OEt)Cl2(PPh3)2] in ethanol led to the isolation of [ReOCl2(OEt)(dpa)]. The X-ray crystal structure shows that the NN-chelated dpa is coordinated in the equatorial plane cis to the oxo and ethoxo groups, which are in trans positions relative to each other. The treatment of trans- [ReOCl3(PPh3)2] with a tenfold molar excess of dpa in ethanol at the refluxing temperature yielded the trans-dioxo complex [ReO2(dpa)2]Cl, but with a twofold molar excess only (μ-O)[{ReOCl2(dpa)}2] was isolated. Repeating the latter reaction with (n-Bu4N)[ReOCl4] as starting material in ethanol at room temperature a dark green product, also with the formulation (μ-O)[{ReOCl2(dpa)}2], was isolated. The reaction of equimolar quantities of bis(pyridin-2-yl)methyl)amine (HBPA) with (n-Bu4N)[ReOCl4] in acetone at room temperature led to the isolation of the sixcoordinate rhenium(V) complex [ReOCl(H2O)(BPA)]Cl. IR, NMR and X-ray crystallographic results indicate that BPA is coordinated as a tridentate uninegative chelate, with deprotonation of the amine nitrogen. The water molecule is coordinated trans to the oxo group, with the Re=O and Re-OH2 bond distances equal to 1.663(9) and 2.21(1) Å respectively. Complexes of the general formula [ReOX2{(C5H4N)CH(O)CH2(C5H4N)}] (X = Cl, I) were prepared by the reactions of trans-[ReOCl3(PPh3)2] and trans- [ReOI2(OEt)(PPh3)2] with cis-1,2-di-(2-pyridyl)ethylene (DPE) in ethanol and benzene in air. Experimental evidence shows that the coordinated DPE ligand has undergone addition of water at the ethylenic carbons, and that the (C5H4N)CH(O)CH2(C5H4N) moiety acts as a uninegative tridentate NON-donor ligand. The X-ray crystal structures of both complexes show a distorted octahedral geometry around the rhenium(V) centre. The treatment of trans-[ReOCl3(PPh3)2] with H2dbd in a 2:1 molar ratio in acetonitrile led to the isolation of the ligand-bridged dimer (μ-dbd)[ReOCl2(PPh3)]2. The X-ray crystal structure of the complex reveals a dinuclear structure in which two rhenium(V) ions are bridged by the dbd ligand. Each rhenium ion is in a x A. Abrahams Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University distorted octahedral geometry. The basal plane is defined by a phosphorus atom of the PPh3 group, two chlorides cis to each other, and a pyridyl nitrogen atom of dbd. The oxo group and alcoholate oxygen of dbd lie in trans axial positions. The complexes cis-[ReOX2(msa)(PPh3)] (X = Cl, Br, I) were prepared from trans- [ReOCl3(PPh3)2], trans-[ReOBr3(PPh3)2] or trans-[ReOI2(OEt)(PPh3)2] with 2-(1- iminoethyl)phenol (Hmsa) in acetonitrile. An X-ray crystallographic study shows that the bonding distances and angles in the comlexes are nearly identical, and that the two halides in each complex are coordinated cis to each other in the equatorial plane cis to the oxo group. The oxo-bridged dinuclear rhenium(V) complex [(μ-O){ReOCl(amp)}2] was prepared by the reaction of trans-[ReOCl3(PPh3)2] and 6-amino-3-methyl-1-phenyl- 4-azahept-2-ene-1-one (Hamp) in acetone. The characterization of the complex by elemental analysis, infrared and 1H NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography shows that amp is coordinated as a monoanionic NNO-donor chelate as an amino-amido ketone. However, the reaction of the similar ligand 7- amino-4,7-dimethyl-5-aza-3-octen-2-one (Hada) with [Re(CO)5Br] produced the product fac-[Re(CO)3Br(Hada)], with Hada coordinated as a neutral NN-donor amino-imino-ketone.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2009
Reactivity of Rhenium (iii) and Rhenium (V) with multidentate NN-and no-donor ligands
- Authors: Yumata, Nonzaliseko Christine
- Date: 2010
- Subjects: Rhenium , Ligands
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
- Identifier: vital:10373 , http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1085 , Rhenium , Ligands
- Description: The reaction of the potentially tridentate Schiff-base chelate Hhaep [Haep = N’-(1- (2-hydroxyphenyl)ethylidene)benzohydrazide] with [ReCl3(benzil)(PPh3)] and trans-[ReOCl3(PPh3)2] produced the neutral oxorhenium(V) complexes cis- [ReOCl2(mep)] [Hmep = 2-(1-iminoethyl)phenol] and cis-[ReOCI2(meb)(PPh3)] [Hmeb = N’-(propan-2-ylidene)benzohydrazide] in ethanol and acetone respectively. In both reactions the Hhaep molecule cleaves to give different coordinated bidentate NO-donor chelates coordinated to the rhenium(V) centers. The X-ray studies reveal that mep is present as a bidentate, monoanionic Schiffbase coordinating through the neutral imino nitrogen and the deprotonated phenolate oxygen in cis-[ReOCl2(mep)]. The bond distances and angles in cis- [ReOCI2(meb)(PPh3)] confirm that meb coordinates to the metal in the enolate form. The distorted octahedral complex fac-[ReCl3(dpa)(PPh3)] was prepared by the reaction of trans-[ReCl3(MeCN)(PPh3)2] with a twofold molar excess of dpa in acetonitrile under a nitrogen atmosphere. The compound dpa.HCl.2H2O was obtained as a by-product in the reaction of dpa with trans-[ReCI3(MeCN)(PPh3)2] in acetonitrile. The reaction of trans-[ReCl3(MeCN)(PPh3)2] with a twofold molar excess of 6- amino-3-methyl-1-phenyl-4-azahept-2-ene-1-one (Hamp) in acetonitrile led to the isolation of cis-[ReCl2(bat)(PPh3)2]. On complexation to the metal center Hamp decomposed to give the coordinated benzoylacetone (bat). Bat is present as a monoanionic bidentate chelate. The complexes [ReVOCI(had)] and [ReIVCl(had)(PPh3)](ReO4) were prepared from the reaction of trans-[ReCl3(MeCN)(PPh3)2] with N,N-bis((2-hydroxybenzyl)-2- aminoethyl)dimethylamine (H2had) in ethanol under various reaction conditions. The treatment of [ReCl3(benzil)(PPh3)] with 2-[((2- pyridinylmethyl)amino)methyl]phenol (Hham) in a 2:1 molar ratio in acetonitrile led to the isolation of the hydrogen-bonded dimer [ReOCl2(ham)]2. The distorted octahedral complex [ReOCl(hap)] [H2hap = N,N-bis(2- hydroxybenzyl)aminomethylpyridine] was prepared from the reaction of trans- [ReCl3(MeCN)(PPh3)2] with a twofold molar excess of H2hap in acetonitrile. The X-ray crystal structure analysis shows that the chloride is coordinated trans to the tripodal tertiary amino nitrogen, with a phenolate oxygen trans to the oxo oxygen.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010