Linking agrochemical pollution with the aquatic ecological integrity of the Twee River Catchment, Western Cape
- Authors: Brink, Zanné
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Ecological integrity
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52326 , vital:43588
- Description: This study was initiated in the Twee River system due to the threat posed by agrochemicals on the occurrence of the endemic and endangered fish species found within the catchment. Poor knowledge and understanding of the environmental effects of fertilizers, pesticides and other agrochemicals among small and large commercial farmers within the study area, in combination with their intensive use may have resulted in chemical contamination above environmentally safe concentrations. Numerous studies have highlighted the fact that more research needs to be conducted to identify the key threats to the continued existence of specifically the Critically Endangered Sedercypris erubescens. The overall aim of this study was to determine the spatial and temporal patterns in aquatic ecosystem diversity in the Twee River catchment as indicated by macroinvertebrate and native fish distribution and abundance. It was further investigated if there was a link between agrochemical pollution and the aquatic ecological integrity of the Twee River catchment. Selected sampling sites were identified and sampled to determine the presence and concentration of pesticides entering the water of the Twee River system during run-off and event-based spraying. Furthermore, the effect of these pesticides on the distribution and abundance of the aquatic biota were determined using SASS5 for the macroinvertebrate populations and visually sampling the distribution of the native and non-native fish in the Twee River catchment. This study supports suggestions made by previous studies, that sub-lethal to lethal concentrations of insecticides could be a threat to the long-term survival of benthic macroinvertebrates and potentially the more sensitive endemic fish species within the Twee River system. More focussed research is needed to address impacts of pesticides within this catchment. Agricultural and conservation efforts should be aimed at developing of a shared vision amongst stakeholders, to allow for the longterm conservation of the endemic fish of the Twee River. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Natural Resource Management, 2021
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- Date Issued: 2021-04
Social protection and secondary education in Zimbabwe: the case of Masvingo District in Masvingo Province
- Authors: Mago, David
- Date: 2015-01
- Subjects: Zimbabwe--Economic conditions , Elementary school dropouts , Zimbabwe--Social conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24554 , vital:63170
- Description: The study sought to examine the role of social protection in reducing school dropouts in secondary education in Masvingo District of Zimbabwe. The study was motivated by the idea that despite the social assistance interventions that are in place, the school dropout phenomenon is still continuing among secondary school learners in the Masvingo District. This was achieved by discussing various programmes delivered by Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) and the government in reducing the number of school dropouts. The thesis also outlined various economic, social and political depressions that affected secondary education since Zimbabwe’s gaining of independence. From 1962 until 1980 the colonial government catered for the European child, this meant that secondary education was difficult to be accessed by blacks. Education maintained a bottleneck structure that favoured whites more than black people. After gaining independence, the Zimbabwe African Union Patriotic Front (ZANU PF) party introduced laws that allowed the black majority an opportunity to proceed with their education. Over the years the number of school dropouts is still increasing. This was curtailed by the introduction of the Structural Adjustment Programmes (SAPs) in 1991 to 1995. The introduction of the SAPs led to the introduction of user fees in education and health. This raised poverty levels which were curtailed by the macroeconomic situation in Zimbabwe. This was beyond the reach of many and led to the increase of school dropouts in Zimbabwe. The major objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of social assistance in the reduction of school dropouts in Zimbabwe. The specific objectives are to analyse the role played by social assistance on the provision of secondary education and reduction of school dropouts and examining the impact of assistance on the education of the girl child. The last objective in the study was to identify a more comprehensive social assistance intervention for the support of secondary education. A more comprehensive social assistance intervention is intervention that provides support to secondary learners that includes among them uniforms, transport food and school fees. The study adopted the qualitative research methodology. The qualitative research methodology was used because it seeks to go deeper in what people experience on day to day activities. In-depth information helps to understand the successes and failures faced by NGOs and government in reducing the number of school dropouts. The study looked at how effective government and NGO assistance has been in reducing the number of school dropouts. Today there are a majority of NGOs, private organisations and government programmes that are working in secondary education assistance in Masvingo District. What matters most is that despite the growing rate of assistance by NGOs, individual help and government assistance the number of school dropouts is still increasing. The study’s theoretical framework is based on the Human rights based approach and the Transformative paradigm. The analysis relates to social assistance programmes focusing on the Basic Education Assistance Module (BEAM) and NGOs and their contribution in reducing the number of school dropouts. From the research findings, the research established the way forward that can be used to reduce the rate of school dropouts in Masvingo District and Zimbabwe at large. Lack of school fees, school uniforms, food and transport are the major causes of school dropouts in Masvingo District. The findings of the study revealed that Zimbabwe’s social assistance programmes are not adequate in reducing the number of school dropouts. The way forward that was proposed in the study in that the assistance to children at secondary education should be holistic approach. NGOs and government should work together to educate parents and children on the importance of secondary education. , Thesis (MSoc Dev.) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2015
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- Date Issued: 2015-01
The quantification of Pinus patula recovery and productivity of manually orientated biomass collection in post mechanised full tree and semi mechanised tree length harvesting operations
- Authors: Ncongwane, Thandekile Hazel
- Date: 2023-04
- Subjects: Pinus patula – south Africa , Forest ecology , Biomass energy
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/61511 , vital:70692
- Description: The use of biomass as an alternate source of energy has grown in popularity. Different types of biomass are obtained from a variety of sources including natural forests, forestry plantations and agriculture residues. However, forestry residues have been identified as the most promising source, due to the wide variety of plant products including leaves, twigs, branches, merchantable stem, stumps and roots. The main sources of plantation forest biomass are residues from thinning, clearfell and conventional products such as pulpwood and sawn timber operations. These residues can accumulate between 4.3 to 9.4 billion tonnes annually around the world. The biomass availability in plantation forests has led to the development of different harvesting systems to help collect the products from infield to sawmill. Biomass harvesting has mainly been achieved through mechanised systems because of their high yields. However, the use of manual systems has been neglected due to technical limitations and financial viability. Thus, in South Africa, there is no scientific research looking at manual systems of collecting biomass from plantations. Because of this, different forestry stakeholders, including small growers and contractors using manual systems for biomass harvesting have limited knowledge regarding what to expect in terms of recoverable amounts, productivity and cost. This research examines the productivity of the manual biomass collection and the quantification of recovered and unrecovered residues after mechanised full tree (FT) and semi mechanised tree length (TL) harvesting operations in Pinus patula compartments. A total number of 8 plots with +/-200 standing trees were marked in each system. The diameter and height of all marked trees were measured to determine tree volume. Moreover, the quantification of recoverable woody biomass was determined, where after, a residues assessment method using plots and line transects was used to determine the amount of unrecovered residues. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, School of Environmental Sciences, 2023
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- Date Issued: 2023-04
Measuring the effectiveness of road Infrastructure support in the OR Tambo Region
- Authors: Malotana, Sinesipho
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Roads -- Maintenance and repair , Municipal services
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57819 , vital:58273
- Description: The term "road infrastructure" refers to the roads and structures that are used to convey commuters and goods. In the numerous road facilities, structures, road classifications, electronic traffic systems, signage, and markings, the mission of road infrastructure is to assist efficiency by providing safety and trouble-free transportation. There are fundamental elements that determine the availability of resources required in society and the efficiency with which they are used to accomplish economic growth. Investment in public capital, such as road infrastructure, which is a major economic engine, is critical because infrastructure helps an economy thrive. The importance of road infrastructure and the major role it plays in economic growth can be seen in studies in developed European nations, New Zealand and the Slovak Republic, where road infrastructure is regarded as a catalyst for economic progress. Investment in public capital, such as road infrastructure, has economic benefits since it acts as the economy's backbone. The Eastern Cape's growth has been acknowledged and included in South Africa's national development strategies and efforts; nonetheless, based on deliverables and results, the province ranks among South Africa's least developed provinces. The Eastern Cape has long been designated by development programmes such as the Spatial Development Initiative (SDI) as an area that will not only generate development and progress for the province, but also for South Africa as a whole. This is sought to be achieved by the Spatial Development Initiative for the Wild-Coast in OR Tambo District Municipality, which states that "integrated sustainable rural development in the context of community, public, and private partnership initiatives.”, p. 2) This research contributes to the goal of research, which includes testing, the identification of causes and consequences, the building of a foundation for future research, and the growth of knowledge (Apuke, 2017, p. 40). The study follows a quantitative research approach and uses two main methodological procedures in order to complete this study; namely a literature review and questionnaire survey. Employees of the South African Department of Transport's National Road Infrastructure implementing agent SANRAL make up the research population in this study. The study concludes that the delivery of an effective road network in the OR v Tambo Region can serve as the base for the establishment of innovative PPP policies, the pillar of socio-economic development and transformation. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
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- Date Issued: 2022-04
"Burnout" in children's home houseparents
- Authors: Bath, Peter John
- Date: 1983
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/193118 , vital:45300
- Description: Aimed at replicating the results of an American study into "Burnout" in Group Home houseparents, this research had the following aims: 1) To ascertain the validity and reliability of the instrument used in the original study and presented as a "useful measure of burnout”. 2) To establish whether this line of research, within a highly problematic research field, can at present offer any guidelines in the resolution of the current staffing crisis faced by South African children's homes. 3} To describe more closely the burnout syndrome. 4) To study possible etiological factors within a local context. Sixty three houseparents completed questionaires and three independent measures of burnout were obtained. The results were regarded as having failed to replicate those of the original study. The reason for this was found to be the low validity of the original instrument. The main conclusion drawn was that the line of research adopted in the original study can offer only very tentative guidelines towards the resolution of the staffing crisis faced until such time as valid and reliable instruments to measure burnout have been developed. Many of the suggested relationships between situational variables and ones of personal characteristics were confirmed for the local population of houseparents. , Thesis (MSocSci) -- Faculty of Humanities, Psychology, 1983
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- Date Issued: 1983
Production of mannooligosaccharides from pineapple pulp and pine sawdust using Aspergillus niger derived Man26A and determination of their prebiotic effect
- Authors: Hlalukana, Nosipho Pretty
- Date: 2022-10-14
- Subjects: Oligosaccharides , Prebiotics , Lignocellulose , Mannans
- Language: English
- Type: Academic theses , Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/362853 , vital:65368
- Description: Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant source of renewable biomass on earth. Lignocellulosic biomass consists of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. These can be used as a source of renewable fuel as well as other value-added products . Mannans are part of the hemicellulose fraction of lignocellulosic biomass and are the major hemicellulosic polysaccharide fraction in softwoods, where they are found as galactoglucomannans and as glucomannans. Mannans are also found in hardwoods in the form of glucomannans. Mannans can be enzymatically hydrolysed using endo-mannanases to produce of short chain mannooligosaccharides (MOS). MOS have received significant attention for their prebiotic properties, as they promote the growth of probiotic bacteria, which have positively affects on gut health. This study focused on the production of prebiotic MOS from lignocellulosic biomass waste (LBW) and an evaluation of the prebiotic potential of the produced MOS. An Aspergillus niger derived endo-mannanase, Man26A, was fractionated and biochemically analysed. Purified Man26A had a fold purification of 1.25 and a yield of 41.1%. SDS-PAGE analysis of the enzyme revealed that it had a molecular weight of 46 kDa. The pH and temperature optima of Man26A were determined and the pH optimum was found to be pH 4.0 (but the enzyme displayed high activity over a broad acidic pH range, with up to 90% of the activity retained between pH 3.0 and 7.0). The temperature optimum was 50℃. The enzyme was shown to have the highest specific activity on locust bean gum (52.27 U/mg) and ivory nut mannan (57.25 U/mg), compared to guar gum (29.07 U/mg), which indicated that it was affected by the substitution pattern of the mannans. Man26A produced MOS of different diversity on model mannan substrates, where the MOS produced were mannobiose, mannotriose, and mannotetraose for ivory nut mannan, mannobiose, mannotriose, mannotetraose, and mannopentaose and MOS with a higher degree of polymerisation for locust bean gum, and mannobiose, mannotriose, mannotetraose, mannopentaose, and mannohexose and MOS with a higher degree of polymerisation for guar gum, as determined by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Pretreatment and characterisation of pineapple pulp (PP) and pine sawdust (PSD) was conducted, and the impact of the pretreatment procedures was analysed using Megazyme sugar kits, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and microscopic analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy. Compositional analysis of the carbohydrates present in both substrates revealed that they had a glucan content of 36.41 and 50.47% for untreated PP and PSD, respectively. Their respective mannan content was 6.74 and 11.59% and was deemed sufficient for the production of MOS via enzymatic hydrolysis. TGA analysis revealed that untreated and sodium chlorite-acetic acid delignified samples decomposed at approximately the same time, and had a negligible ash content at 600℃, while delignified plus phosphoric acid swollen substrates decomposed at a faster rate, but had a residual ash content at 600℃. FTIR analysis of the substrates revealed slight changes in the structures of untreated and pretreated samples. SEM analysis of PP and PSD showed a change in the morphology of the substrates with subsequent pretreatment steps. Histochemical analysis for lignin for PP and PSD showed successful delignification upon pretreatment. Untreated and sodium chlorite delignified PP and PSD released low amounts of reducing sugars compared to delignified + phosphoric acid swollen substrates. The delignified + phosphoric acid swollen substrates were used for further experiments. MOS produced from delignified and phosphoric acid swollen (Del + PAS) PP and PSD at 0.1 mg/ml enzyme loading and 80 mg/ml (8% (w/v)) substrate concentration, ran between mannose and mannobiose and between mannobiose and manotriose on TLC, with low concentrations of MOS running between mannotetraose and mannopentaose. HPLC analysis of the MOS revealed that Del + PAS PP produced mannose to mannohexose, while Del + PAS PSD produced mannose, mannobiose, and mannotetraose. The MOS were analysed using FTIR, to determine whether the MOS produced contained any acetyl groups, which were present for Del + PAS PSD at 1706 cm-1. The MOS were stable at different pHs, and at temperatures below 200℃. The MOS were also found to be stable in a simulated gastrointestinal environment, in the presence of bile salts and digestive enzymes. The prebiotic effect of the MOS derived from Del + PAS PP and PSD was evaluated. MOS had a proliferative effect on probiotic bacteria (Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Bacillus subtilis and Streptococcus thermophilus). The production of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) was evaluated on TLC, where no SCFAs were observed on the plate. The effect of MOS on the adhesion ability of bacteria revealed that they do not positively influence the adhesion of probiotic bacteria. The antioxidant activities of 1 mg/ml MOS produced from both substrates were determined to be approximately 15% using the ABTS radical scavenging assay, compared to a radical scavenging activity of 45% for the 0.02 mg/ml gallic acid standard. This study demonstrated that biomass waste could be used to produce prebiotic MOS, which play a positive role in gut ecology and provide health benefits. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2022
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- Date Issued: 2022-10-14
Wille Dagga
- Authors: Kruger, Liesel Hilge
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Creative writing (Higher education) South Africa , Diaries -- Authorship , South African poetry 21st century , Graphic novels 21st century , Fiction History and criticism , Kaaps poetry 21st century
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/192230 , vital:45208
- Description: My thesis isse graphic novel/fumetto (photos)/ poetry hybrid. It speel af innie Kylemore, ’n klein ghetto net byte Stellenbosch. Vi ways wat mens genre en visual borders kan veskyf kyk ek ve’al na ‘Arkham Asylum: A Serious House on Serious Earth’ geskryf dee Grant Morrison en illustrated dee Dave McKean. Met ‘Arkham Asylum’ combine McKean painting, photos, collage en illustration. ‘Bitterkomix’ dee Anton Kannemeyer en Conrad Botes is nogge inspirasie in terme vanne meer fluid approach tot style waa die storie die art-style dictate. Ek kyk oek ve’al na ‘Fun Home’ dee Alison Bechdel, vi haa incredible ability om inne tragic, maa somehow humorous way, oo sexual repression te skryf. Oek kyk ek na ‘Dykes to Watch Out For’, dee Bechdel en ‘Wimmen’s Comix’ (Michele Brand, Diane Noomin, et al.) vi die unapologetic manier waa’op díe vrouens oorie vroue liggaam geskryf et. Die struktuur is largely influenced dee Joe Sacco se ‘Palestine’, waa’in hy die broader storie van Palestine vetel innie form van episodic short stories. Vi die sensitiewe handling van LGBTQ themes kyk ek na ‘Death: The Time of Your Life’ dee Neil Gaiman en ‘Blue is the Warmest Colour’ dee Julie Maroh. Ek draw ook oppie wêk van Nathan Trantraal en Gert Vlok Nel se poetry, virrie way hoe hulle oo arme mense skryf, Trantraal oo Bishop Lavis, Vlok Nel oo Beaufort Wes. En oek vi hoe beide skryf innie stem wat hulle praat. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Languages and Literatures, 2021
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- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
Effects of hydraulic fracking fluid on soil microbial composition and diversity
- Authors: Sianyuka, Nicolette
- Date: 2022-04-06
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/232366 , vital:49985
- Description: Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2022
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- Date Issued: 2022-04-06
The proprietary consequences of foreign marriages for the purposes of estate planning and succession in South Africa
- Authors: Thorne, Aimee Liza
- Date: 2023-03-29
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Academic theses , Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/420725 , vital:71773
- Description: This thesis is intended to provide clarity regarding the proprietary consequences of foreign marriages in the context of estate planning and succession in South Africa. It includes an exploration into the impact of specific legislation on foreign marriages, the implications of matrimonial property regimes on a deceased estate in South Africa, private international law principles affecting matrimonial property and succession claims, the scope of antenuptial contracts and postnuptial contracts as existing remedies for foreign remedies, and the harmonisation of succession and matrimonial property law in the European Union (EU). It furthermore suggests potential reforms for the overhaul of the lex domicilii matrimonii principle and associated issues arising therefrom. Various specific issues discussed include the waiver of accrual claims, maintenance claims by surviving spouses of a foreign marriage, choice-of-law rules for matrimonial property rights and succession rights, the registration of a domestic or foreign antenuptial contract for foreign marriages, the formal validity and proper law of antenuptial contracts, the operation of the immutability principle on a domestic and international level, and the common-law approach to the recognition of postnuptial contracts and spousal donations. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Law, 2023
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- Date Issued: 2023-03-29
Composition portfolio
- Authors: Moss, Keith
- Date: 2007
- Subjects: Uncatalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/193724 , vital:45390
- Description: Whitacre's music is primarily diatonic with subtle modulations, where the new key is always preserved diatonicaliy as well. I refer to this style as expanded diatonicism. Examples in my work of expanded diatonicism within this portfolio are to be found in navem ad somnium, Wynken, Blynken and Nod, as well as Hymn for Brass. My applications of expanded diatonic practices within each of these works are discussed in a separate appendix within the body of this portfolio. That these works are vocal or have a vocal inspiration (Hymn for Brass) reveals the extent of my initial reaction to Whitacre's music during a choral rehearsal. Furthermore, in my vocal compositions especially I chose texts which frequently gravitate towards ideas related to water, the ocean and ships. Whilst water has a soothing and inspiring influence upon me, presumably evidenced in my expanded diatonicism, it also represents my journey and investigation into the sound work of Whitacre in particular. It may be noticed that many of my works in this portfolio have religious orientated themes. I am a Christian, and belong to a Berean 2 Congregational Church. Whilst I am not Catholic or Anglican, I nonetheless have made use of texts from the liturgy of these denominations, as they emphasise the basis of my Christian faith. Why I chose Hymn for Brass as a title could possibly be construed as a religious reference, however it was named after the piece was written, and had no theological connotations in its inception save for the hymnody style of the orchestration. Providence and The Eventide both have a Christian philosophical foundation which is explored in depth in the accompanying appendix. The latter work explores an extension of my expanded diatonic style through incorporating aspects of chromaticism. The rationale for this is dealt with in my discussion of this work. This portfolio represents an overview of my compositional activities to date and displays my growing confidence with the technical aspects of composition as well as my yearning for experimentation with new ideas and manners of expression. , Thesis (MMus) -- Faculty of Humanities, Music and Musicology, 2007
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- Date Issued: 2007
Effect of Mucuna pruriens based-diets on fatty acids composition and sensory attributes of meat from broiler chickens
- Authors: Makhamba, Nasiphi
- Date: 2020-11
- Subjects: Fatty acids , Broilers (Chickens)
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20771 , vital:46554
- Description: The current study was conducted to determine the effect of feeding different inclusion levels of processed Mucuna pruriens on fatty acid composition and sensory attributes of broiler chickens. 120 Cob500 broilers were used in the experiment. The experiment was divided into 4 treatment (0, 10, 15 and 20 percent of Mucuna pruriens) groups, each treatment with 6 replicates (5 birds per replicate) in a completely randomized design. The first treatment (0 percent) was used as control against the three different levels of Mucuna pruriens. The birds were reared in a deep litter system until they reached slaughter weight of 2kg. At day 42 a total of 80 birds were slaughtered and breast muscles were sampled for the evaluation of sensory attributes and fatty acid composition. For sensory evaluation meat samples were prepared and boiled at 80°C until the internal temperature reached 82°C, 40 consumers were used to assess the meat samples and give scores according to 9-point hedonic scale. The fatty acid content was determined and recorded using the gas chromatography. Total saturated fatty acid (SFA), total monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), and total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) of the breast meat were not affected by diets. Omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acid were also not influenced by treatment diets. However, breast muscle from broilers fed 20 percent Mucuna pruriens seed meal inclusion had lower Myristic acid. The sensory attributes; aroma, colour, flavour, juiciness, tenderness and acceptability were assessed, dietary treatments affected the juiciness, tenderness and acceptability of meat, the treatments showed no significant difference on colour, aroma and flavour. Different age groups accepted the meat differently, the respondents that were between 18 and 22 years old gave the highest scores to the acceptability of meat than the other age groups, and different age groups also gave different scores in the aroma of meat. Females and males accepted the meat differently, the female respondents gave higher scores on the flavour of meat than males. Different inclusion levels of Mucuna pruriens positively affected fatty acid composition and sensory attributes of broiler chickens without causing any detrimental effects. , Thesis (MSc) (Animal Science) -- University of Fort Hare, 2021
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- Date Issued: 2020-11
The concurrent jurisdiction of the high court and labour court
- Authors: Beyleveld, Dominique
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Labor laws and legislation--South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51191 , vital:43218
- Description: The words “concurrent jurisdiction” essentially means that there is more than one court which has the power to hear a matter and therefore, a party may choose which forum to approach.1 The High Court (hereinafter referred to as “HC”) may exercise jurisdiction, together with the Labour Court (hereinafter referred to as “LC”), in enforcing purely contractual and other common law claims as well as for breach of fundamental rights to which the Labour Relations Act (LRA)2 (or other labour statutes) do not give effect to.3 However, this is not without limitations. The HC and the LC have concurrent jurisdiction over claims relating to the lawfulness of dismissal or other conduct by the parties, whereas all claims based on fairness falls within the exclusive jurisdiction of the LC.4 The practical implication of the approach taken by the Constitutional Court (hereinafter referred to as “CC”)5 is that jurisdiction may, to a certain extent,6 be based on the pleadings, and a litigant may in fact have simultaneous claims arising from the same circumstances.7 However, where the basis of the action and the relief sought is clearly identifiable as being part of the machinery of the Labour Relations Act (hereinafter referred to as the “LRA”) or other labour legislation, then the HC will not have jurisdiction and it is up to the LC to remedy the wrong and give effect to the primary objects of the LRA , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Law, Mercantile Law, 2021
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- Date Issued: 2021-04
Investigating Architecture Related to Animals in Captivity Through the Design of a Rhino Sanctuary in the Kruger National Park
- Authors: Kaene, Hansen Mark
- Date: 2020-09
- Subjects: Kruger National Park (South Africa) , Rhinoceroses
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/59040 , vital:60258
- Description: Throughout history, animals have been domesticated and held captive in the interests of man. Animal captivity dates back to Ancient Egypt, however, as humanity has developed and further understood animals, their nature, importance and habitational needs, we have been able to appreciate and respect the value of each living thing that shares our planet alongside us. Humanity has progressed in its realisation that, our own species, is not so much superior to all living things, as it is one small, but very dominant part, of a larger system. This furthered understanding has altered the nature of animal captivity, no longer serving only the purposes of entertainment and observation, but also the interests of safeguarding and protecting our natural environment and all those that reside within it. The emergence of new technologies has advanced man’s ability to study and observe animals within their natural habitat, allowing study of the animals free of the limitations and impact of captivity on their psychological state. Harmful cultural beliefs and black market trade, have depleted the planet’s animal populations at an alarming rate, to the point that we can no longer sit idle while our rich natural resources and ecosystems are being devastated solely for economic gain. The efforts, interventions and support offered by African governments have fallen short in terms of the protection and rehabilitation of one of our continent’s most iconic large fauna, the rhinoceros. The war against illegal poaching has been taken up by private individuals. The cost of such efforts, however, weighs heavily on those who attempt to tackle the situation. To address these challenges, wildlife sanctuaries have developed safe havens for animals that have fallen victim to the illegal black-market trade. The design, construction and establishment of rhino sanctuaries is subject to specific legislation and prescribed regulations and standards for meeting the habitational requirements of the various sub-species of rhino. From an architectural standpoint, the narrative of an archi-type for ‘sanctuary’ has not yet been fully developed, as the high costs to private owners of game farms keeping rhinos - for those who have taken it upon themselves to provide for their shelter and enclosure - necessitate that such be undertaken using the most cost-effective means and approach through which to attain regulatory compliance. This treatise explores the narratives of the idealistic architectural approach to designing enclosures for the safeguard of wildlife species. Sanctuaries are designed to accommodate species-specific needs. The species of focus is the African black rhinoceros, the numbers of which, alongside its family of other sub-species, have been devastated by poachers and the black market trade to point of near extinction. The treatise explores the narratives of the ‘restrictive’ and ‘non-restrictive’ senses of animals in captivity through the programme of a sanctuary for black rhino. The aim of the treatise is to understand the specific requirements relating to a species’ natural habitat, and to adopt these principles in the design of an enclosure type that provides security and rehabilitation facilities within a non-stressful and safe environment through architectural intervention. The approach finds anchor in the narrative concerned with those conditions idealistic for a ‘cultural environment’ in which man and animal may dwell together in mutual harmony. This narrative focuses on the phenomenon of the natural versus the man-made, in order to understand meaning, identity and place within the programme of architectural design for wildlife. The Kruger National park exists as the largest natural reserve on the African continent and is situated at the frontlines of the illegal black market trade of rhino horn. This provides an ideal context within which the treatise explores the animal enclosure conceptually and towards serving the needs and requirements for the re-release of a rhino back into its natural habitat post-injury. The architectural intervention is to understand place, meaning and identity through the spatial implications of indigenous Sotho patterns and principles – those of a people whose understanding of context and culture have shaped the orientation of traditional settlements within a natural landscape. The physical form of the architectural intervention is derived from the existing natural materials found within the context of the treatise study, and from making use of affordable, eco-friendly methods and modes of construction. The treatise aspires to identify a new strategy and architectural type for the design of a wildlife sanctuary for poached and orphaned black rhino within an African context. II. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Engineering, the Built Environment, and Technology, 2020
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- Date Issued: 2020-09
The effect of marketing capabilities on the competitive advantage of Small Medium and Micro Enterprises in OR Tambo District Municipality, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Mpongwana, Konaye https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4105-1536
- Date: 2020-01
- Subjects: Market segmentation , Marketing -- Management
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20197 , vital:45407
- Description: It is usually understood that the development of technological marketing capabilities by firms provides them with immense opportunities to transform their business practices and strategies, to strategically position themselves in the market and enhance firm performance. The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of marketing capabilities (Intellectual capital, marketing strategy and market orientation) on the competitive advantage of SMMEs. Prior research has that early development of marketing capabilities enables firms to achieve competitive advantage. The issue to be attended to will be to identify the connection between the incorrect marketing capabilities and failure of SMMEs, if there is any. Furthermore, a thorough investigation looking at how the reduction of failure of SMMEs can be realised by investigating the marketing capabilities of SMMEs. Quantitative research approach was used in the study, with a population of 200 SMMEs, the Raosoft calculator is also used to calculate the sample size of 100 SMMEs which were used to collect the primary data of the study. Convenience sampling method was used by the researcher. The findings also revealed that SMMEs adopt new and advanced technologies when marketing their products and services. The study recommends that SMME Owners/ Managers should consider spending a higher proportion of their time and money engaging in activities related to marketing throughout the life of their business. Therefore, it has concluded that effective deployment of marketing capabilities can lead to competitive advantage and greater performance. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2020
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- Date Issued: 2020-01
Investigating financing options for business success
- Authors: Vena, Sindile
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/53002 , vital:44908
- Description: The study sought to examine the extent to which the financing options chosen by entrepreneurs will have an impact on business success. The investigator adopted the progression of the ventures along the business life cycle stages as a benchmark for assessing success. The study focused primarily on small, medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs) in the Eastern Cape Information Communication Technologies (ICT) sector. An empirical study, using an online survey was conducted amongst 50 small business owners/ business representative within the ICT sector in the Eastern Cape Province. Key results revealed that the financial support of Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment (BBBEE) and personal savings have played a key role in the success of ICT SMMEs throughout the business life cycle phases. This occurs after an ICT SMME has advanced successfully over the startup stage and aims for success in the development phase. The empirical finding revealed that for these SMMEs to attain success at this stage, they should finance their business investment projects utilising financing and credit trade in the form of bank loans, families, relatives and friends. According to the empirical finding in chapter five, the abovementioned financing options are only substantially linked to good advancement from the development phase onto the expansion phase. In addition, suggestions have been made to the ICT SMME management to include BBBEE finance, personal savings, bank loans, families, relatives and friends and trade credit as suitable funding choices for the ICT SMME's life cycle. The recommendations made included that proponents of the BBBEE legislation underpinning the enterprise development and supplier development, should intentionally pressure the private sector to comply with this legislation, as compliance will increase the pool of capital available to SMMEs.The chances of receiving these forms of support would therefore improve the probabilites of sucess for ICT SMMEs. Moreover, personal financing is crucial to successful progress for ICT SMMEs along the business life cycle. It is recommended that startup owners should always exercise iv saving in their personal capacity. In the early stages, the owner's capital will still be valuable as "seed financing" for start-up businesses., when all the other options of external funding are not available. Moreover, SMMEs should continuously explore the other financing options, such as bank loans, families, relatives and friends and trade credit only when their business goals are achieving success at the development stage. The study calls upon academia to consider performing descriptive studies to look at these findings. Through setting a concise financing approach for SMMEs in the ICT sector, SMMEs may help to close the distance between themselves and access to various financing options and supportive organisations. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, NMU Business School, 2021
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- Date Issued: 2021-04
Yeast-baculovirus synergism: investigating mixed infections for improved management of the false codling moth, Thaumatotibia leucotreta
- Authors: Van der Merwe, Marcel
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Cryptophlebia leucotreta , Baculoviruses , Yeast , Citrus Diseases and pests , Biological pest control agents , Pests Integrated control
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/62963 , vital:28347
- Description: Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) or otherwise commonly known as the false codling moth is an indigenous pest of the citrus industry in southern Africa. The pest is highly significant as it impacts negatively on the export of fresh citrus fruits from South Africa to international markets. To control T. leucotreta in South Africa, an integrated pest management (IPM) programme has been implemented. One component of this programme is the baculovirus Cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus (CrleGV-SA) which has been formulated into the products Cryptogran™ and Cryptex®. It has previously been reported that there is a mutualistic association between Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) also known as codling moth, and epiphytic yeasts. Cydia pomonella larval feeding galleries were colonised by yeasts and this, in turn, reduced larval mortality and enhanced larval development. It has been demonstrated in laboratory assays and field trials that combining yeast and brown cane sugar with Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV) significantly increased larval mortality and lowered the proportion of injured apple fruit. This suggests that yeasts can enhance the effectiveness of an insect virus in managing pest larvae. In this study, we proposed to determine which species of yeast occur naturally in the digestive tract, frass and on the epidermis of T. leucotreta larvae and to examine whether any of these yeasts, when combined with the CrleGV-SA, have a synergistic effect in increasing mortality of T. leucotreta larvae. Firstly, Navel oranges infested with T. leucotreta larvae were collected from orchards in Sundays River Valley in Eastern Cape of South Africa. Larvae were extracted and analysed for the presence of yeast on their surface, or in their gut and frass. Four yeasts were isolated from T. leucotreta larvae and identified down to species level via PCR amplification and sequencing of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and D1/D2 domain of the large subunit (LSU) of rDNA region. These yeasts were isolated from the frass, epidermis and digestive tract of T. leucotreta larvae. The yeast isolates were identified as Meyerozyma caribbica, Pichia kluyveri, Pichia kudriavzevii and Hanseniaspora opuntiae. A yeast preference assay was conducted on female T. leucotreta moths to examine whether any of the isolated yeast species affected their oviposition preference. Navel oranges were inoculated with the isolated yeast species at a concentration of 6 × 108 cells.ml-1. The assay also included a Brewer’s yeast and distilled water control. Pichia kudriavzevii was shown to be the preferred yeast species for oviposition, as significantly more eggs were deposited on Navel oranges inoculated with this yeast compared to the other treatments. Lastly, a detached fruit bioassay was performed to evaluate the efficacy of mixing P. kudriavzevii with CrleGV-SA to enhance T. leucotreta larvae mortality. Pichia kudriavzevii was selected as it was demonstrated as having an effect on the oviposition preference of female T. leucotreta moths. The concentration at which P. kudriavzevii was applied remained the same as in the preference assay while CrleGV-SA was applied at lethal concentration required to kill 50 % of the population (9.31 × 107 OBs.ml-1). Although an increase in larval mortality was observed between CrleGV-SA being applied alone and the yeast/virus mixture, this result was determined not to be statistically significant. The experiments performed in this study provide a platform for further research into the application of a yeast-virus combination as a novel control option for T. leucotreta in the field. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science, Biochemistry and Microbiology, 2018
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- Date Issued: 2018
A study on staff provisioning using the Peter Morkel Model with reference to a selected school in the Amathole East District
- Authors: Qaba, Loyiso Siyabulela
- Date: 2020-04
- Subjects: Port Elizabeth (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/55161 , vital:49171
- Description: The Post-Provisioning Model (PPM) is a Resource Allocation Model (RAM) used by the Department of Education to optimize the distribution of available educator resources to public schools. The Department of Education adopted the PPM to distribute the total available posts to all public schools in an “equitable, transparent and resource-efficient manner. The PPM is a formula-driven model that primarily allocates educators, as human capital, to public schools based on learner enrolment numbers. In addition to allocating teaching staff, the PPM allocates the School Management Team (SMT) to each school. The outcome of the PPM formula is called the Post-Provisioning Norm (PPN). The implementation of the PPM has presented various challenges in the management of public schools. The primary aims of this study were to investigate any possible weaknesses of the PPM and to critically evaluate and explore school managers’ views of the PPM in the management of public schools. For the purposes of this study a probability sampling procedure was used. The participants were chosen from the principals within the Department of Education in Amathole East District. The literature review undertaken and the field research findings in the fourth chapter revealed that there is a gap between the ideals of the PPM and its implementation. It was found that there was a poor understanding of the technical aspects of the PPM formula among senior managers of public schools. There is evidence of equitable quantitative distribution of posts through the PPM. However, it was discovered that the PPM does not take into account the distribution of qualified educators. Hence, some of the allocated posts in public schools were often filled by under-qualified or non-qualified staff. The appointment of qualified educators was skewed. Further findings of this study revealed, amongst others, the inability of the PPM to provide for and promote the needs of a diverse curriculum in rural areas, and the inability to factor in and balance the variable that some public schools raise more money in school fees, which enables the advantaged schools to employ additional educators. The primary recommendations of this study are that principals be trained, on an annual basis, on the workings of the PPM and that the South African Schools Act No.84 of 1996 should be amended to grant authority to the Head of Department of the province to appoint and deploy qualified educators to public schools. , Thesis (MPA) -- Faculty of Humanities, School of Governmental and Social Sciences, 2020
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- Date Issued: 2020-04
Adolescent sexual reproductive health and rights in the Alice area, Eastern Cape Province of South Africa
- Authors: Moko, Zukhanye
- Date: 2021-02
- Subjects: Reproductive health , Right to health , HIV infections
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/20676 , vital:46423
- Description: Sexual Reproductive Health (SRH) is a significant aspect of adolescent’s growth. Adolescents particularly girls face the risk of exposure to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs), child marriages, high rates of unwanted pregnancy and the risk of those pregnancies can lead to unsafe abortion. In South Africa, considerable progress has been made in achieving improved access to Sexual Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR) among the general population, however, some factors influencing SRHR of adolescents and young people have been slow to achieve. The study aims to investigate factors influencing Sexual Reproductive Health and Rights of adolescents in Alice, which is located in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The Social-Ecological Model was considered appropriate for this study as it provides a comprehensive understanding of the multiple and interacting determinants of Sexual Reproductive Health and Rights. A qualitative methodology was adopted, involving focus groups with high school learners, in-depth interviews with institutional actors (Department of Health, Basic Education and Social Development), and participant observations. The study reveals that adolescents’ have access to Sexual Reproductive Health services from healthcare centres but only a few utilize or access them due to barriers such as the geographical location, denial and judgement about young people's sexuality limits their access to comprehensive knowledge to protect and promote their Sexual and Reproductive Health. The findings show that the adolescents who were most affected by Sexual Reproductive Health and Rights challenges were those from deep rural areas. They had minimal information/education compared to those residing in areas close to the town of Alice and major roads. Multi-sectoral interventions empowering adolescents and young people to exercise their rights to optimize SRHR service yield better results. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science & Agriculture, 2021
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- Date Issued: 2021-02
The impact of financial literacy on financial performance of SMEs in the Nelson Mandela Bay
- Authors: Malgas, Sergio Duncan
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: small and medium-zised enterprises , Financial literacy -- Nelson Mandela Bay
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58276 , vital:58888
- Description: In extant literature small and medium-zised enterprises (SMEs) are widely recognized for their contribution to economic development which has led to them being described as the backbone of national economies across the world. Although these are several potential benefits of a healthy SMEs sector, stimulating economic growth through job creation, increased market competition and innovation are among the more the commonly reported benefits. Despite this, SMEs owner-managers, particularly those operating in the South African Market, are faced with several obstacles that impede their success, thus contributing to the high and persistent failure rates among SMEs. When considering that SMEs are often comprised of the owner-manager as the principal decisionmaker, their ability to make decisions are crucial to the sustainability and long term success of their businesses. Against this background, the primary objective of this study is to determine the influence of the owner-managers on the financial performance of SMEs operating in the Nelson Mandela Bay. The failure of SMEs are often attributed to the prevalence of financial literacy among owner-managers. While broadly cited in extant literature, few studies have focused on financial literacy from the perspective of small business. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
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- Date Issued: 2022-04
Exploring black South African men’s lived experiences of being fathered
- Authors: Rasebitse, Karabo
- Date: 2022-04-07
- Subjects: Fatherhood South Africa , Fathers and sons South Africa Psychological aspects , Masculinity Social aspects South Africa , Hegemony South Africa , Social constructionism South Africa , Culture , Men, Black Attitudes South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Academic theses , Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/294504 , vital:57227
- Description: There is a lack of research studies in South Africa that explore young men’s lived experiences of being fathered. The aim of this study focused on exploring how Black South African men construct and understand their own lived experiences of being fathered by their biological father. This research study is situated within a social constructionism methodology and theoretical framework. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews with young men between the ages of 18-24. Data were analysed using thematic analysis as a way of analysing participants’ stories. Three central themes with subthemes emerged. The main themes regarded the father behaviour, fatherly roles and participants’ constructions of fatherhood. The study argues that fatherhood is a social construct based on participants’ lived experiences. Participants in this research still view fatherhood from cultural discourses, such as the provider/protector and a moral guider/role to construct fatherhood. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, Psychology, 2022
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- Date Issued: 2022-04-07