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A study of Bantu retail traders in certain areas of the Eastern Cape

  • Authors: Savage, Richard Brougham
  • Date: 1966
  • Subjects: Black people -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape
  • Language: English
  • Type: Book , Text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2758 , vital:20323
  • Description: In this study, consideration has been given only to the Bantu in retail trade in the Bantu areas (which are predominantly rural) and in the smaller urban complexes outside these areas. Retail trade m the rural Bantu areas of the Eastern Cape has until recent years been the near-monopoly of the Whites, who still retain the bulk of this business. White traders provide the channel through which most goods are imported' into these areas and it is through them that a large part of all local produce is exported'. They act as 'middlemen', buying local produce for resale on the local domestic market. They are an important source of credit and their trading stations are important social centres in the normal run of events of the local communities. White traders have always offered other services apart from merely supplying material needs. They act as postmasters and there are frequent calls for their advice, and in cases of illness and birth, for their motor cars. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
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  • Date Issued: 1966

A study of irradiation effects in solids

  • Authors: Brown, Michael Ewart
  • Date: 1966
  • Subjects: Decomposition (Chemistry) , Crystals -- Thermal properties , Oxalates -- Thermal properties , Solids -- Effect of radiation on
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: vital:4509 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013387
  • Description: One of the primary objects of this research was to determine, if possible, the nature of the radiation damage prior to thermal decomposition. The X-ray study has not wholly achieved this although more information has been derived from it than from similar work on AgMnO₄ However, the diffuse reflections obtained do indicate, quite strongly, the creation of point defects during irradiation. This is of value since such assumptions have been made in the explanation of the kinetics of decomposition of a number of irradiated solids (BaN₆,CaN₆). In addition the X-ray work has suggested future research which should produce useful information; namely, a precise study of the diffuse reflections. Another object of the research was to attempt to determine what characteristics, if any, of the kinetics of the decomposition of an unirradiated solid would predetermine a marked irradiation effect. It is obvious that the type of nuclear growth which occurs e.g. branching chain, or power law, does not characterise a substance with regard to a possible irradiation effect . The photosensitivity, or otherwise, also does not determine whether there will be an irradiation effect. However, the one property that the substances which have been studied, have in common, is a polyatomic anion, but here again ammonium dichromate does not show an acceleration of the decomposition after irradiation. Consequently it is considered that it is not possible to say, a priori, whether a solid will undergo an accelerated decomposition after irradiation. Each new solid, unless it belongs to a particular class e.g. the alkaline earth azides , must be considered afresh. Nevertheless it does appear that the irradiation effect can take two forms: - (i) the production of an unstable compound e.g. nickel oxalate, the decomposition of which affects the normal pyrolysis; and (ii) the production of point defects which determine the nature of the subsequent thermal decomposition e.g . CaN₆ . It is possible that the effect requires an interaction of the created point defects with the existing line defects.
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  • Date Issued: 1966

An examination of the extractives of Leonotis species

  • Authors: Kaplan, Errol R
  • Date: 1966
  • Subjects: Leonotis -- Analysis Botanical chemistry Chemistry, Analytic Chemistry, Organic
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: vital:4481 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012628
  • Description: Marrubiin and the other two diterpenoids, compounds X and Y, which had previously been isolated from Leonotus leonurus have been reinvestigated. Although the structure for marrubiin is well known its stereochemistry has been the subject of protracted discussion and is by no means secure except at C₅ and C₁₀ . N.M.R. spectral evidence showed that the lactone ring was cis-fused and β-orientated. Dehydration experiments carried out by previous workers were repeated, in order to resolve the residual uncertainty regarding the stereochemistry at C₉, an attempt was made to prepare iodoacetyl marrubic acid for X-ray crystallographic studies. Compound Y, C₂₀H₂₈0₃, a triply-unsaturated compound was shown by spectral studies to contain a furan ring and an α,β- unsaturated keto-group. It possesses a hydroxyl group incapable of acetylation, but readily removed by alkali and dehydrating agents to yield a tetraunsaturated compound, anhydro~Y; the hydroxyl is thus tertiary, Isolation of 1:2:5-trimethylnaphthalene on dehydrogenation indicated a relationship with the labdane diterpene group and supported the C₂₀ formula, The position of the α,β-unsaturated keto-group was resolved by interpretation of the ultraviolet spectra of degradation products and also by isolation of 1:2:3:5- trimethylnaphthalene on dehydrogenation of a suitable grignard product, The presence of a β-substituted furan was further indicated by colour reactions and confirmed by mass and n.m.r. spectra. The skeleton of compound Y is correlated with marrubiin via "iso-ambreinolide " and its stereochemistry is discussed. Further stereochemical assignments are postulated from the study of the n.m.r. spectra. Compound X, C₂₀H₂₈0₅, was shown by spectral and chemical evidence to be a diterpenoid dilactone containing an ether bridge between C₉ and C₁₃ Isolation of 1:2:5 trimethylnaphthal ene on dehydrogenation showed it to be closely related to marrubiin, This was supported by n.m.r. spectral results. A structure for compound X is proposed and the stereochemistry discussed. The aerial portions of Leonotis leonitis were also extracted and shown to contain a new compound, compound R. Preliminary investigation showed that it was a dilactone containing a furan ring, The n.m.r. spectrum of the compound is discussed.
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  • Date Issued: 1966

An investigation into the importance of rhythmic and melodic variation for Brahm's development sections, with special reference to his four symphonies

  • Authors: Schoeman, Delene Letitia
  • Date: 1966
  • Subjects: Brahms, Johannes, 1833-1897 -- Symphonies , Variations -- History and criticism
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MMus
  • Identifier: vital:2690 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013170
  • Description: "Variation is one of the oldest and most elemental types of music, beloved and practised by all musicians since the early lute and keyboard composers." The principle of the variation is that of "variety within unity, secured by the reproduction of limited musical material in changing aspects and is fundamental to composition." Typical instances are the use of fugal themes in changing combinations and with changing counter-material; continuous sequential expansion of a single motif in the baroque sonata or suite; the symphonic development in classical sonata form; ornamentation, compression, extension or elaboration of recapitulated sections. Intro., p. 1.
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  • Date Issued: 1966

An investigation of the judgement of a sample of South African adolescent schoolchildren in certain areas of moral behaviour

  • Authors: Hayward, Fritz Reitz
  • Date: 1966
  • Subjects: Teenagers -- South Africa -- Attitudes , Youth -- South Africa -- Conduct of life , Multiculturalism -- Moral and ethical aspects , Moral education -- South Africa , Moral development -- South Africa
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: vital:1998 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015009
  • Description: A. The Aims The modern adolescent is frequently accused of being morally lax; his judgement of moral issues is held in question; and parents, church and school are accused of having lost their influence on present-day youth. The writer wes lnterested in finding out whether these accusations could in fact be substantiated amongst a sample of adolescent school-children in a selected urban area. The aims of the research, therefore, were as follows :- (i) to investigate the judgement of these adolescents in certain given areas of moral behaviour, (ii) to determine whether there were any appreciable differences between the Afrikaans-speaking and English-speaking adolescents of the sample in their judgements of these moral issues, (iii) to determine whether there were any appreciable differences between adolescent boys and girls of the sample in their judgement of these moral issues, (iv) to explore the influences which caused the tested adolescents to re-act as they did.
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  • Date Issued: 1966

Aspects of reality as reflected by the human form in painting

  • Authors: Fourie, F T
  • Date: 1966
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MFA
  • Identifier: vital:21174 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/6739
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  • Date Issued: 1966

Certain rare fishes from South Africa

Describing behaviour: a philosophical analysis

  • Authors: Bunting, I A
  • Date: 1966
  • Subjects: Human behaviour -- Philosophy , Analysis (Philosophy)
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:2744 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009991 , Human behaviour -- Philosophy , Analysis (Philosophy)
  • Description: Questions revolving around the possibility and justifiability of reductive analyses of the concept 'not', lie at the heart of many of the problems in the philosophical interpretation of not-descriptions. In this thesis, I wish to show, by discussing various problems in the logic of not-descriptions, that, and why, reductive analyses must be unsatisfactory.
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  • Date Issued: 1966

Electron precipitation and ionospheric disturbance

  • Authors: Torr, Marsha R
  • Date: 1966
  • Subjects: Electrons , Electron precipitation , Ionosphere , Ionospheric electron density
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: vital:5509 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007691
  • Description: From Introduction: The minimum in the scalar magnitude of the geographic total field, which lies off the coast of Brazil, allows the mirror points of trapped particles to dip low into the atmosphere over the South Atlantic Ocean, resulting in two regions of maximum intensity of preciptated particles in that region, one from the inner belt and one from the outer. High charged particle fluxes have been observed at low altitudes over these regions by satellites Sputnik 5 and 6 (Ginsburg et al, 1961) and Discoverer 31 (Seward and Kornblum, 1963) amongst others. The more southerly of these two regions acts as a sink for electrons from the outer radiation belt and will be referred to in what follows as the Southern Radiation Anomaly. Gladhill and van Rooyen (1963) predicted that the energy deposited in the upper atmosphere by these charged particles would be sufficient to give rise to enhanced geophysical effects such as auroral emission, X-rays and ionization and heating of the upper atmosphere in this region. Although some of these effects have been correlated with precipitated electrons, no definite relation had until now been established between ionospheric effects and precipitated particles. The aim of this thesis was to investigate such a relationship and the results were extremely successful. It will be shown conclusively in what follows, that the precipitation of electrons can account for the ionospheric disturbances defined by a disturbance criterion at all stations around L=4. Part I describes the exploration of the radiation belts and the magnetosphere with rockets and satellites. The resulting theoretical models based on the observations are discussed. A brief review is given of the work that has been done to date to derive equations for the loss and replenishment of particles in the belts. Because of the complexity of these and the number of doubtful factors involved, a simple model of injection of electrons into the outer belt is devised, giving average values of trapped and precipitated electron fluxes at any point around L=4. In Part II, this model is employed together with the disturbance criterion of Gledhill and Torr (1965) to examine the relationship between ionospheric disturbances and electron fluxes. Also the energy range of the precipitated particles is examined.
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  • Date Issued: 1966

Fishes of the Sub-family Nasinae with a synopsis of the Prionurinae

Genadendal and its satellites : a history of the Moravian Mission stations at the Cape, 1737-1869

  • Authors: Krüger, Bernhard
  • Date: 1966
  • Subjects: Moravians -- Missions -- South Africa -- Genadendal , Missions -- South Africa -- History , Genadendal (South Africa) -- History , Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) -- History -- To 1795 , Cape of Good Hope (South Africa) -- History -- 1795-1872
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: vital:1284 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013470
  • Description: J,F.w. Kühn, a member of the Moravian Mission Board, wrote in 1871 to the Superintendent at Genadendal that the closed settlements in South Africa were a precious and unique feature of mission work for which the brethren should be grateful. While he had been at the Gape, he had suffered under the difficulties of their management, but from the distance, and in comparison with mission work elsewhere, he had learnt to appreciate them as a great blessing. The questions arise: How dld they originate, develop and survive for so long? What were their characteristics, advantages and limitations? What factors contributed to their development? How did they fit into their milieu and influence it? The following thesis is an effort to give a detailed history of their development and an appraisal. I have endeavoured to give a vivid picture of personalities and events within the limits of historical correctness, because I consider it the noblest aim of historical research to confront us with the past in such a way that personal understanding becomes possible. In as much as we meet those who have made history. or have been part of it, in person, we can arrive at a deeper appreciation of their achievements, problems and failures.
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  • Date Issued: 1966

Hitherto unknown early developmental larval stadia of the West African albulid fish Pterothrissus Belloci Cadenat, 1937

Industrial development in a border area: facts and figures from East London

  • Authors: Barker, John Percy
  • Date: 1966
  • Subjects: East London (South Africa) -- Economic conditions
  • Language: English
  • Type: Book , Text
  • Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/2634 , vital:20311
  • Description: In the early 1950’s the area of the eastern Cape Province adjoining the Transkei was the object of an intensive study known as the Border Regional Survey and five volumes have already been published. This work is a more detailed investigation of one aspect of the economy, namely the growth of manufacturing industry. Its importance lies in the fact that not only is the African population increasing rapidly, but that effective rehabilitation of peasant farming in the Transkei and Ciskei must necessarily displace large numbers from the land. Expansion of manufacturing industry would appear to be the most effective means of providing remunerative employment for these people, Moreover, the government has embarked upon a policy of encouraging the establishment of factories on the periphery of the Bantu areas, and the eastern Cape is an important area in this general scheme. It may well be the most crucial testing point of the whole policy of border industries', because with its large Transkeian hinterland it is the area most in need of expanding employment opportunities; but, at the same time, by reason of locational and other disabilities, it is the area in which industrial expansion may be most difficult to achieve. , Digitised by Rhodes University Library on behalf of the Institute of Social and Economic Research (ISER)
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  • Date Issued: 1966

Interesting fishes from South Africa

Ionospheric effects in the Southern radiation anomaly

  • Authors: Torr, Douglas G
  • Date: 1966
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: vital:5540 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013305
  • Description: From introduction: As ionosphericist on the 4th South African National Antarctic Expedition, I spent twelve months at Sanae (70°18'S, 2°2l'W, L= 4) in 1963. In the course of routine vertical incidence soundings, it was noticed with some surprise that the frequency of occurrence of ionospheric blackouts was unexpectedly high. Initially this aroused considerable concern about the reliability of the equipment. In fact it has been · observed that some stations lying in and near the Southern Radiation Anomaly report such occasions as records lost due to non-ionospheric reasons. Coincidently, however, Gledhill and van Rooyen (1963), also of Rhodes University, predicted ionospheric irregularities and other geophysical phenomena in a region around Sanae where Ginsburg et al. (1962) observed high intensities of charged particles with Sputniks 5 and 6.
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  • Date Issued: 1966

Johannes van Melle : realist tussen twee werelden

  • Authors: Jonckheere, W F
  • Date: 1966
  • Subjects: Van Melle, J. (Johannes),1887-1953
  • Language: Dutch
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: vital:3645 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015200
  • Description: [From Introduction]. Aan het werk van Johannes Van Melle is tot dusver geen allesomvattende studie gewijd. Het is vooral in dit tekort dat het onderhavige proefschrift wil voorzien. Reeds vroeger hebben enkelen hun aandacht op onderdelen van Van Melles proza gericht maar niemand heeft eft ooit ondernomen de hele reeks van Van Melles gepubliceerde en ongepubliceerde gechriften te onderzoeken en deze zowel in hun samenhang als afzonderlijk naar waarde te schatten.
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  • Date Issued: 1966

Proportional distribution of predominant rumen bacteria between the solid and the liquid portions of ruminal ingesta

  • Authors: Brinkman, Paul A
  • Date: 1966
  • Subjects: Rumen -- Microbiology , Bacteria -- Rumen
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc
  • Identifier: vital:4100 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009715 , Rumen -- Microbiology , Bacteria -- Rumen
  • Description: That certain bacteria in the rumen of sheep and cattle are attached to solid particles in the ruminal ingesta has been known for many years. In 1942 Baker published direct microscopical evidence that bacteria were attached to cellulose food particles and to starch granules in the rumen. The sites of attachment of these bacteria corresponded to sites of disintegration of the particles when viewed by polarised light. This indicated that at least bacteria attacking solid substrates such as cellulose and starch were attached to particles of ruminal ingesta. Van der Wath (1942) found rumen bacteria attached to particles of chemically pure cellulose and of crushed maize which he suspended in separate compartments of a pure silk bag inside the rumen of sheep. The bacteria associated with the particles of cellulose were mainly Gram negative rods , while clusters of iodophilic cocci were observed in most instances around the maize kernels . The latter organisms were isolated in pure culture and found to be heat-tolerant, short-chain, Gram positive cocci fermenting glucose, maltose, and other soluble sugars as well as starch. It was thus not surprising that many years later Schwartz et al (1964) obtained evidence which suggested that bacteria metabolising soluble substrates such as glucose also showed marked attachment to solid particles of ingesta.
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  • Date Issued: 1966

Rhodes University Graduation Ceremony 1966

  • Authors: Rhodes University
  • Date: 1966
  • Subjects: Busschau, William John
  • Language: English
  • Type: text
  • Identifier: vital:8100 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004433
  • Description: Rhodes University Graduation Ceremony on Saturday 2 April 1966 at 10:30 a.m. in the University Great Hall. , The order for the special graduation and the installation of William John Busschau as Chancellor of Rhodes University within the Great Hall on Friday 1 April 1966 at 5.30 p.m.
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  • Date Issued: 1966

Shylock's origins and evolution : the image of the Jew in English literature from the middle ages to the mid-seventeenth century

  • Authors: Durbach, Errol
  • Date: 1966
  • Subjects: Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Characters -- Shylock , Judaism and literature , English literature -- Early modern, 1500-1700 , English literature -- Middle English, 1100-1500
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Masters , MA
  • Identifier: vital:2322 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1014821
  • Description: [From Preface]. Any study centred in the exploratlon and analysis of the medieval and Elizabethen images of the Jew might, with some justification. seem redundant and impertinent to a modern reader; for the third quarter of this century has witnessed the almost total obviatlon of a great many such time-honoured images and symbols. The immemorial figure of the Wandering Jew, to cite a sIngle instance, has for the past two decades, attained his country and place of destination - history no longer condemning him to tarry until the Second Coming of the Messiah. Even the deicide Jew has been granted complete absolution, by an offlcial decree from the Vatican, for his complicity in the killing of Christ. It would seem, moreover, that the atrocities perpetrated against the Jews during the course of the Second World War have resulted in an alteration of the Jewish image radically transforming It from one of contempt into one of compassion a living symbol of "man's inhumanlty to man"; and the modern European dramatist has revived the Jewlsh figure on the stage as an instance of almost personal atonement or, alternatively, as a means of scourging the state of middle-class mind which abetted the persecution of the Nazi regime, attacking state policies of inactio and deploring the failure of influentlal powers to resist the blatant inhumanlty perpetrated within Its boundaries. Max Frisch's Andorre and Rolf Hochhuth's The Representative embody, each in its own way the 2Oth century's sense of shame and horror at those events with which the century has yet to come to terms. They are both extreme reactions agalnst the image of the Jew whlch the Nazi propogandized in the 1930s. And the image which the Nazis propogandized was curiously consistent wlth the medieval and Elizabethan images of the Jew.
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  • Date Issued: 1966

Studies in Gusii kinship

  • Authors: Mayer, Iona
  • Date: 1966
  • Subjects: Gusii (African people) -- Kinship
  • Language: English
  • Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
  • Identifier: vital:2119 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012846
  • Description: This thesis has two aims. In Part I the aim is to present some unpublished field material on Gusii kinship, particularly on domestic relations between the generations and the sexes. In Part II the aim is to clarify a theoretical model of 'relation by kinship', and of ' kinship categories" and 'classificntion', based on an examination of the ways in which Gusii use kinship terms. Intro., p. 1.
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  • Date Issued: 1966
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