More media for Southern Africa?: the place of politics, economics and convergence in developing media density
- Authors: Berger, Guy
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/147825 , vital:38676 , https://0-doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.1080/02560240485310041
- Description: In line with global trends, media in Southern Africa in the past decade has been moving slowly towards mergers, partnerships and multi-platform publishing. Driven by politics and facilitated by technology, the process has had to confront the difficulty of establishing viable economic models, the lack of regional integration within Southern African countries, and what is sometimes a difficult political environment. Markets remain largely national or local and economically weak. Print media faces huge hurdles. Broadcast media density is improving, partly through noncommercial mechanisms. News websites are understaffed, lacking in viable survival strategies and skills, and are incompletely integrated with parent media platforms. Economic pressures, however, are likely to force Southern African media operations into greater synergies in search of survival. The various convergences entailed may increase media density.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Berger, Guy
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/147825 , vital:38676 , https://0-doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.1080/02560240485310041
- Description: In line with global trends, media in Southern Africa in the past decade has been moving slowly towards mergers, partnerships and multi-platform publishing. Driven by politics and facilitated by technology, the process has had to confront the difficulty of establishing viable economic models, the lack of regional integration within Southern African countries, and what is sometimes a difficult political environment. Markets remain largely national or local and economically weak. Print media faces huge hurdles. Broadcast media density is improving, partly through noncommercial mechanisms. News websites are understaffed, lacking in viable survival strategies and skills, and are incompletely integrated with parent media platforms. Economic pressures, however, are likely to force Southern African media operations into greater synergies in search of survival. The various convergences entailed may increase media density.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
The new media maelstrom:
- Authors: Berger, Guy
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/159192 , vital:40276 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC146201
- Description: South Africa's democracy decade coincided with the popularisation of the Internet on a global scale. New society, new media, it seemed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Berger, Guy
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/159192 , vital:40276 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC146201
- Description: South Africa's democracy decade coincided with the popularisation of the Internet on a global scale. New society, new media, it seemed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
A histological description of ovarian recrudescence in two Labeo victorianus populations
- Booth, Anthony J, Hecht, Thomas
- Authors: Booth, Anthony J , Hecht, Thomas
- Date: 2010
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/123564 , vital:35455 , https://doi.org/10.2989/16085910409503813
- Description: The ovaries of Labeo victorianus are paired organs situated in the peritoneal cavity and suspended on either side of the midline by a mesovarium. A capsule, composed of dense, regularly-arranged collagen and elastic fibres mixed with a few smooth muscle cells, enclosed the ovaries and gave off connective tissue septa, forming the ovigerous lamellae, which contained germ and follicle cells. Eight discrete stages of recrudescence were identified: oogonia, chromatin nucleolar oocytes, perinucleolar oocytes, primary yolk vesicle oocytes, secondary yolk vesicle oocytes, tertiary yolk vesicle oocytes, post-ovulatory follicles and atretic oocytes. Ovulation seemed to be synchronised with the onset of rainfall, with some deviations in the Sio River population. Gonadosomatic index variation followed a bimodal pattern, with maxima between January–February and between September–October for both populations. The same pattern was exhibited for both rainfall and water levels at the two study sites. Successful ovulation was followed by the formation of post-ovulatory follicles and Type I atresia, while failed spawning was characterised by Type II atresia. Clearance of post-ovulatory follicles was by phagocytosis and formation of melanomacrophage centres. There were variations in post-ovulatory changes between the two populations. Reproductive patterns in the Kagera River population conformed to the ‘norm’ in African labeines of the synchronisation of spawning with rainfall. Slight deviations from this pattern were, however, observed in the Sio River population where spawning occurred prior to the onset of rainfall.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010
- Authors: Booth, Anthony J , Hecht, Thomas
- Date: 2010
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/123564 , vital:35455 , https://doi.org/10.2989/16085910409503813
- Description: The ovaries of Labeo victorianus are paired organs situated in the peritoneal cavity and suspended on either side of the midline by a mesovarium. A capsule, composed of dense, regularly-arranged collagen and elastic fibres mixed with a few smooth muscle cells, enclosed the ovaries and gave off connective tissue septa, forming the ovigerous lamellae, which contained germ and follicle cells. Eight discrete stages of recrudescence were identified: oogonia, chromatin nucleolar oocytes, perinucleolar oocytes, primary yolk vesicle oocytes, secondary yolk vesicle oocytes, tertiary yolk vesicle oocytes, post-ovulatory follicles and atretic oocytes. Ovulation seemed to be synchronised with the onset of rainfall, with some deviations in the Sio River population. Gonadosomatic index variation followed a bimodal pattern, with maxima between January–February and between September–October for both populations. The same pattern was exhibited for both rainfall and water levels at the two study sites. Successful ovulation was followed by the formation of post-ovulatory follicles and Type I atresia, while failed spawning was characterised by Type II atresia. Clearance of post-ovulatory follicles was by phagocytosis and formation of melanomacrophage centres. There were variations in post-ovulatory changes between the two populations. Reproductive patterns in the Kagera River population conformed to the ‘norm’ in African labeines of the synchronisation of spawning with rainfall. Slight deviations from this pattern were, however, observed in the Sio River population where spawning occurred prior to the onset of rainfall.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010
Socio-economic differentiation in the trade of wildlife species for traditional medicines in the Lowveld, South Africa: Implications for resource management initiatives
- Botha, Jenny, Witkowski, Ed T F, Shackleton, Charlie M, Fairbanks, Dean H K
- Authors: Botha, Jenny , Witkowski, Ed T F , Shackleton, Charlie M , Fairbanks, Dean H K
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/183071 , vital:43909 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1080/13504500409469832"
- Description: Surveys of trade in wildlife products utilised in traditional medicine were conducted between 1997 and 1999 on the western boundary of the Kruger National Park, South Africa. Although the extent of trade and numbers of people operating in this sector were lower than other regions of South Africa, this study again highlighted the value of indigenous wildlife products to subsistence economies. Apart from cultural diversity, socioeconomic differentiation occurred at a number of levels. (i) There were socio-economic differences between the traders and vendors. (ii) Gender differences were apparent, with women earning significantly less than men and having to undergo more social challenges in their operation in the market place. (iii) Operational differences were noted between the vendors and traders, as well as between the street and pension day vendors. (iv) Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) highlighted the socio-economic differentiation at the household level, emphasizing in particular one of the most vulnerable groups, the elderly. The potential influence of this socio-economic differentiation needs to be considered during the development of Community-Based Conservation programmes, if the dual aims of conserving biodiversity and improving the lives and livelihoods of those who traditionally rely on medicinal plants are to be met.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Botha, Jenny , Witkowski, Ed T F , Shackleton, Charlie M , Fairbanks, Dean H K
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/183071 , vital:43909 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1080/13504500409469832"
- Description: Surveys of trade in wildlife products utilised in traditional medicine were conducted between 1997 and 1999 on the western boundary of the Kruger National Park, South Africa. Although the extent of trade and numbers of people operating in this sector were lower than other regions of South Africa, this study again highlighted the value of indigenous wildlife products to subsistence economies. Apart from cultural diversity, socioeconomic differentiation occurred at a number of levels. (i) There were socio-economic differences between the traders and vendors. (ii) Gender differences were apparent, with women earning significantly less than men and having to undergo more social challenges in their operation in the market place. (iii) Operational differences were noted between the vendors and traders, as well as between the street and pension day vendors. (iv) Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) highlighted the socio-economic differentiation at the household level, emphasizing in particular one of the most vulnerable groups, the elderly. The potential influence of this socio-economic differentiation needs to be considered during the development of Community-Based Conservation programmes, if the dual aims of conserving biodiversity and improving the lives and livelihoods of those who traditionally rely on medicinal plants are to be met.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
Harvesting impacts on commonly used medicinal tree species (Catha edulis and Rapanea melanophloeos) under different land management regimes in the Mpumalanga Lowveld, South Africa
- Botha, Jenny, Witkowski, Ed T F, Shackleton, Charlie M
- Authors: Botha, Jenny , Witkowski, Ed T F , Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/181379 , vital:43728 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.4102/koedoe.v47i2.77"
- Description: Harvesting of products from plants in the wild is widespread throughout southern Africa. Particularly important products are plant parts used in traditional medicine. However, the impacts of harvesting practices are rarely quantified, with as yet insufficient generic rules across species and life forms. This limits the predictive ability to monitor and manage the affected populations. This paper examines the harvesting impact on two popular woody medicinal species used throughout sub-Saharan Africa, namely Catha edulis (Vahl) Forssk. ex Endl. (bushman’s tea) and Rapanea melanophloeos (L.) Mez. (Cape beech). In both species, basal diameters, heights, and the number of size classes in the harvested populations were lower than in unharvested. Densities of harvested populations were higher in both species, including densities of young plants, but the frequency of individuals in larger size classes was lower. The populations of both species being harvested for medicinal products appeared to be withstanding the current levels of harvesting, but the population structure of C. edulis populations being harvested for poles on the roadside and near human settlements had been substantially altered. Despite the resilience of the two species to harvesting for medicinal products, loss of habitat or changes in land use pose a threat to a number of the assessed populations.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Botha, Jenny , Witkowski, Ed T F , Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/181379 , vital:43728 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.4102/koedoe.v47i2.77"
- Description: Harvesting of products from plants in the wild is widespread throughout southern Africa. Particularly important products are plant parts used in traditional medicine. However, the impacts of harvesting practices are rarely quantified, with as yet insufficient generic rules across species and life forms. This limits the predictive ability to monitor and manage the affected populations. This paper examines the harvesting impact on two popular woody medicinal species used throughout sub-Saharan Africa, namely Catha edulis (Vahl) Forssk. ex Endl. (bushman’s tea) and Rapanea melanophloeos (L.) Mez. (Cape beech). In both species, basal diameters, heights, and the number of size classes in the harvested populations were lower than in unharvested. Densities of harvested populations were higher in both species, including densities of young plants, but the frequency of individuals in larger size classes was lower. The populations of both species being harvested for medicinal products appeared to be withstanding the current levels of harvesting, but the population structure of C. edulis populations being harvested for poles on the roadside and near human settlements had been substantially altered. Despite the resilience of the two species to harvesting for medicinal products, loss of habitat or changes in land use pose a threat to a number of the assessed populations.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
The impact of commercial harvesting on Warburgia salutaris (‘pepper-bark tree’) in Mpumalanga, South Africa
- Botha, Jenny, Witkowski, Ed T F, Shackleton, Charlie M
- Authors: Botha, Jenny , Witkowski, Ed T F , Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/181391 , vital:43729 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1023/B:BIOC.0000029333.72945.b0"
- Description: Commercialisation often increases the difficulty in managing harvested plant populations sustainably. The bark of the popular medicinal species, Warburgia salutaris (Bertol.f.) Chiov. (Canellaceae) (‘pepper-bark tree’), is widely traded throughout southern Africa. The impact of commercial harvesting on this Red Data species was assessed by comparing commercially harvested populations with populations growing on private land or in protected areas (termed ‘protected populations’) in Mpumalanga and Limpopo Province, South Africa. The basal diameters and heights of stems in commercially harvested populations were significantly lower than those of the protected populations. The density of young/small plants was low in all populations. W. salutaris is usually resilient to high levels of bark harvesting. In this study, 75% of heavily harvested stems (>10% of the stem below 2 m) coppiced (resprouted). However, individuals that had been affected by regular fires, or repeatedly harvested, appeared prone to a fungal disease and had high percentage mortality. The populations occurring on private land appeared the most vigorous. Habitat in one protected area had been reduced through the construction of a dam. In another, small W. salutaris populations exhibited a shrubby growth form, probably due to frequent fires. Our current knowledge for this species supports a global IUCN status of EN A4acd. Plant conservation needs to become a higher priority both within and outside protected areas. Commercially harvested populations should be better managed through improved harvesting techniques and monitoring. Cultivation levels urgently need to be increased. Further research should be conducted on factors limiting regeneration, including the most appropriate fire regime.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Botha, Jenny , Witkowski, Ed T F , Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/181391 , vital:43729 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1023/B:BIOC.0000029333.72945.b0"
- Description: Commercialisation often increases the difficulty in managing harvested plant populations sustainably. The bark of the popular medicinal species, Warburgia salutaris (Bertol.f.) Chiov. (Canellaceae) (‘pepper-bark tree’), is widely traded throughout southern Africa. The impact of commercial harvesting on this Red Data species was assessed by comparing commercially harvested populations with populations growing on private land or in protected areas (termed ‘protected populations’) in Mpumalanga and Limpopo Province, South Africa. The basal diameters and heights of stems in commercially harvested populations were significantly lower than those of the protected populations. The density of young/small plants was low in all populations. W. salutaris is usually resilient to high levels of bark harvesting. In this study, 75% of heavily harvested stems (>10% of the stem below 2 m) coppiced (resprouted). However, individuals that had been affected by regular fires, or repeatedly harvested, appeared prone to a fungal disease and had high percentage mortality. The populations occurring on private land appeared the most vigorous. Habitat in one protected area had been reduced through the construction of a dam. In another, small W. salutaris populations exhibited a shrubby growth form, probably due to frequent fires. Our current knowledge for this species supports a global IUCN status of EN A4acd. Plant conservation needs to become a higher priority both within and outside protected areas. Commercially harvested populations should be better managed through improved harvesting techniques and monitoring. Cultivation levels urgently need to be increased. Further research should be conducted on factors limiting regeneration, including the most appropriate fire regime.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
A new broom: feature
- Cocks, Michelle L, Dold, Anthony P, Sizane, Nomtunzi
- Authors: Cocks, Michelle L , Dold, Anthony P , Sizane, Nomtunzi
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/141404 , vital:37969 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC112779
- Description: Traditional grass brooms keep certain cultural practices alive in urban areas and provide rural people with a means to earn an income.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Cocks, Michelle L , Dold, Anthony P , Sizane, Nomtunzi
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/141404 , vital:37969 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC112779
- Description: Traditional grass brooms keep certain cultural practices alive in urban areas and provide rural people with a means to earn an income.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
Discourse domination?: the role of gender in seminar interaction
- De Klerk, Vivian A, Hunt, Sally
- Authors: De Klerk, Vivian A , Hunt, Sally
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/139160 , vital:37710 , https://www.ajol.info/index.php/salas/article/view/6501
- Description: This paper focuses on the effect of the gender of participants on the discourse patterns of university seminars, and compares the interaction patterns in two undergraduate seminars with those in two post-graduate seminars at Rhodes University. In the undergraduate seminars, two different groups of students at first year level in different disciplines were videotaped. The major difference was in terms of composition: in one seminar, there were equal numbers of male and female students, while in the other, female students dominated numerically (75%). In addition, five of the six formed a close-knit group of friends, which proved to be an important factor in the analysis. At the postgraduate level, the student participants were identical and met in the same venue and at the same time on two successive days to discuss the same topic (affirmative action in the workplace). The important difference between the two classes was the fact that the first seminar was led by a female tutor and the second seminar by a male tutor, both under 40 years of age and white, both members of staff in the department, and both known to the students. The discourse patterns in these two sets of seminars were analysed in order to investigate the ways in which the gender of tutors and students influenced the floor-winning and floor-holding conventions of participants.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: De Klerk, Vivian A , Hunt, Sally
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/139160 , vital:37710 , https://www.ajol.info/index.php/salas/article/view/6501
- Description: This paper focuses on the effect of the gender of participants on the discourse patterns of university seminars, and compares the interaction patterns in two undergraduate seminars with those in two post-graduate seminars at Rhodes University. In the undergraduate seminars, two different groups of students at first year level in different disciplines were videotaped. The major difference was in terms of composition: in one seminar, there were equal numbers of male and female students, while in the other, female students dominated numerically (75%). In addition, five of the six formed a close-knit group of friends, which proved to be an important factor in the analysis. At the postgraduate level, the student participants were identical and met in the same venue and at the same time on two successive days to discuss the same topic (affirmative action in the workplace). The important difference between the two classes was the fact that the first seminar was led by a female tutor and the second seminar by a male tutor, both under 40 years of age and white, both members of staff in the department, and both known to the students. The discourse patterns in these two sets of seminars were analysed in order to investigate the ways in which the gender of tutors and students influenced the floor-winning and floor-holding conventions of participants.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
The fuelwood crisis in southern Africa: Relating fuelwood use to livelihoods in a rural village
- Dovie, Delali B K, Witkowski, Ed T F, Shackleton, Charlie M
- Authors: Dovie, Delali B K , Witkowski, Ed T F , Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/181402 , vital:43730 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1023/B:GEJO.0000033597.34013.9f"
- Description: The aim of the paper is to examine wood as a source of fuel energy in rural South Africa and factors influencing its usage. The analysis is based on household profiles and characteristics (e.g., gender, caste, population and income) in a livelihood framework. Fuelwood consumption was estimated to be 692 kg/capita, and 4343 kg/user household per annum, valued at $311 per household. Consumption was modelled in relation to informal and formal cash incomes, and population of children, female and male adults. However, only the population of female adults could significantly influence consumption of fuelwood. This implied that where there were more women in a household, consumption was likely to be high. This might be due to the majority of women doing the cooking and heating in the household. Any change in the value of cash income of households had no significant impacts on fuelwood consumed. Cash incomes might therefore not be strong determinants of the types of energy used by rural households. The average quantity of wood consumed for fuel energy in summer was not significantly different from consumption in winter. Some households perpetually used more wood than others. The study further showed that harvesting of wood for fuel energy is not opportunistic, but requires reallocation of time for other livelihood activities in times of shortage. The fuelwood crisis is not simple and not only about shortage of fuelwood and/or population growth but linked to household profiles and other livelihood strategies and subsequently vulnerability of households. These would require thorough investigation and understanding in relation to precise demand and supply data for fuelwood before the fuelwood problem can be sufficiently managed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Dovie, Delali B K , Witkowski, Ed T F , Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/181402 , vital:43730 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1023/B:GEJO.0000033597.34013.9f"
- Description: The aim of the paper is to examine wood as a source of fuel energy in rural South Africa and factors influencing its usage. The analysis is based on household profiles and characteristics (e.g., gender, caste, population and income) in a livelihood framework. Fuelwood consumption was estimated to be 692 kg/capita, and 4343 kg/user household per annum, valued at $311 per household. Consumption was modelled in relation to informal and formal cash incomes, and population of children, female and male adults. However, only the population of female adults could significantly influence consumption of fuelwood. This implied that where there were more women in a household, consumption was likely to be high. This might be due to the majority of women doing the cooking and heating in the household. Any change in the value of cash income of households had no significant impacts on fuelwood consumed. Cash incomes might therefore not be strong determinants of the types of energy used by rural households. The average quantity of wood consumed for fuel energy in summer was not significantly different from consumption in winter. Some households perpetually used more wood than others. The study further showed that harvesting of wood for fuel energy is not opportunistic, but requires reallocation of time for other livelihood activities in times of shortage. The fuelwood crisis is not simple and not only about shortage of fuelwood and/or population growth but linked to household profiles and other livelihood strategies and subsequently vulnerability of households. These would require thorough investigation and understanding in relation to precise demand and supply data for fuelwood before the fuelwood problem can be sufficiently managed.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
Using visuals to communicate medicine information to patients with low literacy:
- Authors: Dowse, Roslind
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/156958 , vital:40073 , https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/104515950401500106
- Description: The patient was adamant that she had taken her medicine as instructed, pointing to the visual (Visual 1) illustrating the instructions to endorse this. Via an interpreter, she communicated that she took her tablet three times during the day and once at night (which was correct), but only on those days when the sun was shining (not on cloudy days) and the moon was visible (depending on both cloud cover and phases of the moon).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Dowse, Roslind
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/156958 , vital:40073 , https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/104515950401500106
- Description: The patient was adamant that she had taken her medicine as instructed, pointing to the visual (Visual 1) illustrating the instructions to endorse this. Via an interpreter, she communicated that she took her tablet three times during the day and once at night (which was correct), but only on those days when the sun was shining (not on cloudy days) and the moon was visible (depending on both cloud cover and phases of the moon).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
Petrology and geochemistry of early cretaceous bimodal continental flood volcanism of the NW Etendeka, Namibia Part 2: characteristics and petrogenesis of the high-Ti latite and high-Ti and low-Ti voluminous quartz latite eruptives
- Ewart, A, Marsh, Julian S, Milner, Simon C, Duncan, Andrew R, Kamber, B S, Armstrong, R A
- Authors: Ewart, A , Marsh, Julian S , Milner, Simon C , Duncan, Andrew R , Kamber, B S , Armstrong, R A
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/150593 , vital:38987 , https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egg082
- Description: As a result of their relative concentration towards the respective Atlantic margins, the silicic eruptives of the Paraná (Brazil)–Etendeka large igneous province are disproportionately abundant in the Etendeka of Namibia. The NW Etendeka silicic units, dated at ∼132 Ma, occupy the upper stratigraphic levels of the volcanic sequences, restricted to the coastal zone, and comprise three latites and five quartz latites (QL).
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Ewart, A , Marsh, Julian S , Milner, Simon C , Duncan, Andrew R , Kamber, B S , Armstrong, R A
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/150593 , vital:38987 , https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egg082
- Description: As a result of their relative concentration towards the respective Atlantic margins, the silicic eruptives of the Paraná (Brazil)–Etendeka large igneous province are disproportionately abundant in the Etendeka of Namibia. The NW Etendeka silicic units, dated at ∼132 Ma, occupy the upper stratigraphic levels of the volcanic sequences, restricted to the coastal zone, and comprise three latites and five quartz latites (QL).
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2004
Petrology and geochemistry of Early Cretaceous bimodal continental flood volcanism of the NW Etendeka, Namibia Part 1: introduction, mafic lavas and re-evaluation of mantle source components
- Ewart, A, Marsh, Julian S, Milner, Simon C, Duncan, Andrew R, Kamber, B S, Armstrong, R A
- Authors: Ewart, A , Marsh, Julian S , Milner, Simon C , Duncan, Andrew R , Kamber, B S , Armstrong, R A
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/150583 , vital:38986 , https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egg083
- Description: The bimodal NW Etendeka province is located at the continental end of the Tristan plume trace in coastal Namibia. It comprises a high-Ti (Khumib type) and three low-Ti basalt (Tafelberg, Kuidas and Esmeralda types) suites, with, at stratigraphically higher level, interstratified high-Ti latites (three units) and quartz latites (five units), and one low-Ti quartz latite. Khumib basalts are enriched in high field strength elements and light rare earth elements relative to low-Ti types and exhibit trace element affinities with Tristan da Cunha lavas.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Ewart, A , Marsh, Julian S , Milner, Simon C , Duncan, Andrew R , Kamber, B S , Armstrong, R A
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/150583 , vital:38986 , https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egg083
- Description: The bimodal NW Etendeka province is located at the continental end of the Tristan plume trace in coastal Namibia. It comprises a high-Ti (Khumib type) and three low-Ti basalt (Tafelberg, Kuidas and Esmeralda types) suites, with, at stratigraphically higher level, interstratified high-Ti latites (three units) and quartz latites (five units), and one low-Ti quartz latite. Khumib basalts are enriched in high field strength elements and light rare earth elements relative to low-Ti types and exhibit trace element affinities with Tristan da Cunha lavas.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2004
Reviewing review:
- Authors: Garman, Anthea
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/158773 , vital:40227 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC146216
- Description: In this 10th year of freedom of media in South Africa, the Rhodes Journalism Review has entered its 14th year as chronicler of media in South Africa. RJR was started in the year that actually unrolled the changes we now live with - 1990 - and attempted to document the complex journey out of apartheid. In the last 10 years Review has been charting the even more complex journey into freedom.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Garman, Anthea
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/158773 , vital:40227 , https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC146216
- Description: In this 10th year of freedom of media in South Africa, the Rhodes Journalism Review has entered its 14th year as chronicler of media in South Africa. RJR was started in the year that actually unrolled the changes we now live with - 1990 - and attempted to document the complex journey out of apartheid. In the last 10 years Review has been charting the even more complex journey into freedom.
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- Date Issued: 2004
Language rights, intercultural communication and the law in South Africa
- Kaschula, Russell H, Ralarala, Monwabisi K
- Authors: Kaschula, Russell H , Ralarala, Monwabisi K
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: Language policy -- South Africa , Courts interpreting and translating -- South Africa , Intercultural communication -- South Africa , Conduct of court proceedings -- South Africa , Linguistic rights -- South Africa , Multilingualism -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: article , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/59434 , vital:27602 , https://doi.org/10.1080/02572117.2004.10587242
- Description: This article seeks to explore the present language scenario in courts of law. The article makes use of section 6 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (1996), as a point of departure. At face value this section seems to entrench the language rights of individuals. This would mean that individuals could request trials to be held in their mother tongues, with fluent and competent speakers of that mother tongue sitting on the bench. However, this has not materialised. Contrary to popular opinion, the article argues that individual language rights are to some extent entrenched in the Constitution, but there are no mechanisms to secure such rights in the public domain. The article argues that it is often only language privileges that are preserved in institutions such as the justice system. Legally speaking, there is an obligation on the State to provide interpreters to facilitate access to all eleven official languages in courts of law. This in itself presents numerous challenges. The article argues further that the corollary to this is that there is very little space for intercultural communication in courts of law (as defined by Ting-Toomey, 1999, and Gibson, 2002). There has been little or no capacity building in this regard. It is English, to some extent Afrikaans, and the western cultural paradigm, which prevails. The result is further communication breakdown and language intolerance. In this article, the notion of language rights in courts of law is explored against the backdrop of existing theories of intercultural communication.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Kaschula, Russell H , Ralarala, Monwabisi K
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: Language policy -- South Africa , Courts interpreting and translating -- South Africa , Intercultural communication -- South Africa , Conduct of court proceedings -- South Africa , Linguistic rights -- South Africa , Multilingualism -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: article , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/59434 , vital:27602 , https://doi.org/10.1080/02572117.2004.10587242
- Description: This article seeks to explore the present language scenario in courts of law. The article makes use of section 6 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (1996), as a point of departure. At face value this section seems to entrench the language rights of individuals. This would mean that individuals could request trials to be held in their mother tongues, with fluent and competent speakers of that mother tongue sitting on the bench. However, this has not materialised. Contrary to popular opinion, the article argues that individual language rights are to some extent entrenched in the Constitution, but there are no mechanisms to secure such rights in the public domain. The article argues that it is often only language privileges that are preserved in institutions such as the justice system. Legally speaking, there is an obligation on the State to provide interpreters to facilitate access to all eleven official languages in courts of law. This in itself presents numerous challenges. The article argues further that the corollary to this is that there is very little space for intercultural communication in courts of law (as defined by Ting-Toomey, 1999, and Gibson, 2002). There has been little or no capacity building in this regard. It is English, to some extent Afrikaans, and the western cultural paradigm, which prevails. The result is further communication breakdown and language intolerance. In this article, the notion of language rights in courts of law is explored against the backdrop of existing theories of intercultural communication.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
Sex work from a feminist perspective: a visit to the Jordan case
- Authors: Krüger, Rósaan
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/68877 , vital:29335 , https://doi.org/10.1080/19962126.2004.11864812
- Description: Publisher version , Introduction: Contributors to the prostitution/sex work debate, whether they condone, support or oppose criminalisation, legalisation or decriminalisation of prostitution, often rely on ‘facts’ to support their arguments. A common fact is that the majority of prostitutes/sex workers in the world and in South Africa are women. Thus, when I refer to prostitutes/sex workers, I refer to women working as prostitutes in the commercial sex industry. Furthermore, the fact that the majority of sex workers are women justifies considering prostitution from a feminist perspective – women’s voices on the subject should be heard. In this note I shall use the terms ‘prostitution’ and ‘sex work’ to refer to the exchange of sexual services for money. The former, more conventional term has a negative connotation, while the term ‘sex work’ denotes a movement away from casting a moral judgment towards recognition that sex work is just another job. References will be made to the associated activities of brothel-keeping and pimping, but the focus of this note is mainly on the provision of sexual services by the prostitute/ sex worker herself. Jordan v S is a Constitutional Court judgment in which the constitutional validity of the criminalisation of prostitution and its related activities were challenged. In order to analyse this judgment from a feminist perspective, I shall first briefly set out the current legal position on prostitution. Thereafter, I shall give an overview of Western feminist perspectives on prostitution and then link this perspective with African feminism. The last part of the note will be an analysis of the Jordan judgment in light of the feminist perspectives identified before.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Krüger, Rósaan
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/68877 , vital:29335 , https://doi.org/10.1080/19962126.2004.11864812
- Description: Publisher version , Introduction: Contributors to the prostitution/sex work debate, whether they condone, support or oppose criminalisation, legalisation or decriminalisation of prostitution, often rely on ‘facts’ to support their arguments. A common fact is that the majority of prostitutes/sex workers in the world and in South Africa are women. Thus, when I refer to prostitutes/sex workers, I refer to women working as prostitutes in the commercial sex industry. Furthermore, the fact that the majority of sex workers are women justifies considering prostitution from a feminist perspective – women’s voices on the subject should be heard. In this note I shall use the terms ‘prostitution’ and ‘sex work’ to refer to the exchange of sexual services for money. The former, more conventional term has a negative connotation, while the term ‘sex work’ denotes a movement away from casting a moral judgment towards recognition that sex work is just another job. References will be made to the associated activities of brothel-keeping and pimping, but the focus of this note is mainly on the provision of sexual services by the prostitute/ sex worker herself. Jordan v S is a Constitutional Court judgment in which the constitutional validity of the criminalisation of prostitution and its related activities were challenged. In order to analyse this judgment from a feminist perspective, I shall first briefly set out the current legal position on prostitution. Thereafter, I shall give an overview of Western feminist perspectives on prostitution and then link this perspective with African feminism. The last part of the note will be an analysis of the Jordan judgment in light of the feminist perspectives identified before.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2004
Environmental education research and social change: Southern African perspectives
- Authors: Lotz-Sisitka, Heila
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/182709 , vital:43855 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1080/1350462042000258143"
- Description: Environmental issues and risks in southern Africa have, like elsewhere in the world, their roots in the structures and orientations of modern societies. In modernist fashion, we draw on education and research to address socio-ecological concerns. In 1995 Eureta Janse van Rensburg, then Murray and Roberts Chair of Environmental Education at Rhodes University,1 undertook a study to identify environmental education research priorities, and through her study she provided a description of research in environmental education as a ‘landscape of shifting priorites’ (Janse van Rensburg, 1995). The papers in this journal offer a contemporary ‘snapshot’ of the landscape of environmental education research in southern Africa, illustrating a fresh range of ‘shifting priorities’.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Lotz-Sisitka, Heila
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/182709 , vital:43855 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1080/1350462042000258143"
- Description: Environmental issues and risks in southern Africa have, like elsewhere in the world, their roots in the structures and orientations of modern societies. In modernist fashion, we draw on education and research to address socio-ecological concerns. In 1995 Eureta Janse van Rensburg, then Murray and Roberts Chair of Environmental Education at Rhodes University,1 undertook a study to identify environmental education research priorities, and through her study she provided a description of research in environmental education as a ‘landscape of shifting priorites’ (Janse van Rensburg, 1995). The papers in this journal offer a contemporary ‘snapshot’ of the landscape of environmental education research in southern Africa, illustrating a fresh range of ‘shifting priorities’.
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- Date Issued: 2004
On becoming an African-Asian English academic at Rhodes University
- Authors: Naidu, Samantha
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: vital:21926 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/14392 , https://0-www.jstor.org.wam.seals.ac.za/stable/24487641
- Description: preprint , I arrived at Rhodes University English Department with not much more than a passion for literature. During the last fourteen years I have been able to observe the discipline in operation. My perspective has broadened and deepened, taking in the trajectory from Stanley Kidd and the colonial Cambridge practices, and from what might be termed the 'humanist enterprise of English studies', 1 to the white liberalism of Guy Butler in the middle of the twentieth century, then to the present post-apartheid era of humanities cutbacks and increasing commodification of knowledge.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Naidu, Samantha
- Date: 2004
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: vital:21926 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/14392 , https://0-www.jstor.org.wam.seals.ac.za/stable/24487641
- Description: preprint , I arrived at Rhodes University English Department with not much more than a passion for literature. During the last fourteen years I have been able to observe the discipline in operation. My perspective has broadened and deepened, taking in the trajectory from Stanley Kidd and the colonial Cambridge practices, and from what might be termed the 'humanist enterprise of English studies', 1 to the white liberalism of Guy Butler in the middle of the twentieth century, then to the present post-apartheid era of humanities cutbacks and increasing commodification of knowledge.
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- Date Issued: 2004
The renaissance in optical spectroscopy of phthalocyanines and other tetraazaporphyrins
- Nyokong, Tebello, Isago, Hiroaki
- Authors: Nyokong, Tebello , Isago, Hiroaki
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/289388 , vital:56628 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1142/S1088424604000453"
- Description: Spectral properties of metallophthalocyanines and other tetraazaporphyrins are governed mainly by the Q band which originates from the π-π* transitions within the ring. The position and intensity of the Q band is important in tailoring new phthalocyanine derivatives for particular applications. Aggregation, the nature of the central metal, π conjugation, symmetry of the molecules, and axial, peripheral or non-peripheral substitutions affect the spectra and hence the properties of the phthalocyanine molecule. This review gives a brief outline on how optical spectroscopy provides useful informations on molecular and electronic structures, chemistry and physics of phthalocyanines and other tetraazaporphyrins.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Nyokong, Tebello , Isago, Hiroaki
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/289388 , vital:56628 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1142/S1088424604000453"
- Description: Spectral properties of metallophthalocyanines and other tetraazaporphyrins are governed mainly by the Q band which originates from the π-π* transitions within the ring. The position and intensity of the Q band is important in tailoring new phthalocyanine derivatives for particular applications. Aggregation, the nature of the central metal, π conjugation, symmetry of the molecules, and axial, peripheral or non-peripheral substitutions affect the spectra and hence the properties of the phthalocyanine molecule. This review gives a brief outline on how optical spectroscopy provides useful informations on molecular and electronic structures, chemistry and physics of phthalocyanines and other tetraazaporphyrins.
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- Date Issued: 2004
Emerging patterns of abstraction in environmental education: A review of materials, methods and professional development perspectives
- O'Donoghue, Rob B, Russo, Vladimir
- Authors: O'Donoghue, Rob B , Russo, Vladimir
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/373610 , vital:66707 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1080/1350462042000258170"
- Description: The epistemic unconscious is the history of the field. And it is clear that, to secure some chance of really knowing what one is doing, one has to unfold what is inscribed in the various relations of implication in which the thinker and his thoughts are caught up, that is, the presuppositions he engages and the inclusions and exclusions he unwittingly performs. (Bourdieu, 2000, p. 99).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: O'Donoghue, Rob B , Russo, Vladimir
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/373610 , vital:66707 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1080/1350462042000258170"
- Description: The epistemic unconscious is the history of the field. And it is clear that, to secure some chance of really knowing what one is doing, one has to unfold what is inscribed in the various relations of implication in which the thinker and his thoughts are caught up, that is, the presuppositions he engages and the inclusions and exclusions he unwittingly performs. (Bourdieu, 2000, p. 99).
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- Date Issued: 2004
Electrochemical and catalytic properties of chromium tetraaminophthalocyanine
- Obirai, Joe, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Obirai, Joe , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/300310 , vital:57915 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2004.06.026"
- Description: Chromium tetraaminophthalocyanine (CrIIITAPc) has been synthesized and its electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical properties reported. The first reduction and oxidation in this complex occur at the central metal, giving CrIITAPc and CrIVTAPc complexes, respectively, the latter having been observed for the first time. The CrIIITAPc species was polymerized onto glassy carbon (GCE) or indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes and the polymer evolution confirmed by UV/Visible spectroscopy and by scanning electron microscopy. The polymers were employed for the catalytic oxidation of nitrite or nitric oxide, and the catalysis involved the CrIVTAPc−1 species.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004
- Authors: Obirai, Joe , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2004
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/300310 , vital:57915 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2004.06.026"
- Description: Chromium tetraaminophthalocyanine (CrIIITAPc) has been synthesized and its electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical properties reported. The first reduction and oxidation in this complex occur at the central metal, giving CrIITAPc and CrIVTAPc complexes, respectively, the latter having been observed for the first time. The CrIIITAPc species was polymerized onto glassy carbon (GCE) or indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes and the polymer evolution confirmed by UV/Visible spectroscopy and by scanning electron microscopy. The polymers were employed for the catalytic oxidation of nitrite or nitric oxide, and the catalysis involved the CrIVTAPc−1 species.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2004