South Asian diasporic women's short fiction: the South African contribution
- Authors: Naidu, Samantha
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article , text
- Identifier: vital:26376 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/54037 , https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9456-8657
- Description: Although Indian Women S Short Fiction Has Always Enjoyed Equal Importance And Popularity As Their Novels, Very Little Critical Attention Has Been Paid To It So Far. Indian Women S Short Fiction Seeks To Fulfil This Long Felt Need. It Puts Together Fifteen Perceptive And Analytical Articles By Scholars Across The World. The Articles, Which Are Focussed On Native Indian Writing As Well As Diasporic Short Fiction, Deal With Such Interesting Literary Issues As Construction Of Femininity, Disablement And Enablement, Bengali Heritage, Hybrid Identities, Nostalgia, Representation Of The Partition Violence, Tradition And Modernity, And Cultural Perspectivism.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Naidu, Samantha
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article , text
- Identifier: vital:26376 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/54037 , https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9456-8657
- Description: Although Indian Women S Short Fiction Has Always Enjoyed Equal Importance And Popularity As Their Novels, Very Little Critical Attention Has Been Paid To It So Far. Indian Women S Short Fiction Seeks To Fulfil This Long Felt Need. It Puts Together Fifteen Perceptive And Analytical Articles By Scholars Across The World. The Articles, Which Are Focussed On Native Indian Writing As Well As Diasporic Short Fiction, Deal With Such Interesting Literary Issues As Construction Of Femininity, Disablement And Enablement, Bengali Heritage, Hybrid Identities, Nostalgia, Representation Of The Partition Violence, Tradition And Modernity, And Cultural Perspectivism.
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2007
Evaluating the impact of the Institutional Repository, or positioning innovation between a rock and a hard place
- Authors: Thomas, G M E
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6988 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012411
- Description: Repositories remain an innovative but marginalized technology largely because there is no consensus about an agreed set of Performance Indicators (PIs) that demonstrate their overall impact on the research enterprise of our universities. A successful Institutional Repository should be evaluated in terms of the extent to which the open access repository builds a critical mass of scholarly content which is sustained and available through active university community engagement and ongoing scholarly contributions (faculty, researchers & students) that, when managed efficiently and effectively, ultimately strengthen, promote and give visibility to the research enterprise of the institution, and bring benefit to broader society. However, librarians are grappling with what and how best to demonstrate ‘institutional good’ but without clear evidence, assessment is fed by perception based on limited information which leads to diminished impact and value of the facility, a tyranny described as being caught between a rock and a hard place. Using Illuminative Evaluation to design a series of quantitative and qualitative metrics, it is proposed that a distinction be made between significant and secondary Performance Indicators where the former gather evidence to demonstrate the overall effect or impact of the IR on the individual and collective research community.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Thomas, G M E
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6988 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012411
- Description: Repositories remain an innovative but marginalized technology largely because there is no consensus about an agreed set of Performance Indicators (PIs) that demonstrate their overall impact on the research enterprise of our universities. A successful Institutional Repository should be evaluated in terms of the extent to which the open access repository builds a critical mass of scholarly content which is sustained and available through active university community engagement and ongoing scholarly contributions (faculty, researchers & students) that, when managed efficiently and effectively, ultimately strengthen, promote and give visibility to the research enterprise of the institution, and bring benefit to broader society. However, librarians are grappling with what and how best to demonstrate ‘institutional good’ but without clear evidence, assessment is fed by perception based on limited information which leads to diminished impact and value of the facility, a tyranny described as being caught between a rock and a hard place. Using Illuminative Evaluation to design a series of quantitative and qualitative metrics, it is proposed that a distinction be made between significant and secondary Performance Indicators where the former gather evidence to demonstrate the overall effect or impact of the IR on the individual and collective research community.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
Wave exposure effects on population structure and recruitment in the mussel Perna perna suggest regulation primarily through availability of recruits and food, not space
- McQuaid, Christopher D, Lindsay, Tracy L
- Authors: McQuaid, Christopher D , Lindsay, Tracy L
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6968 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012033
- Description: Recruitment and population structure of Perna perna in low shore mussel beds were investigated over 15 months at six sites along the south coast of South Africa. Initial, subjective classification of sites as wave exposed or wave sheltered (three of each) was confirmed using the dissolution of cement blocks to measure average water flux and dynamometers for maximum wave force. Recruitment occurred throughout the year, but recruit (1–5 mm) densities were significantly higher from January to April 1996 on both shore types. Recruit densities were positively correlated with adult (>15 mm) densities for both shore types (P < 0.05) but the correlations were extremely weak (r 2 < 0.06 in each case). In areas with 100% cover, adult size (mean and maximum lengths) was greater on exposed sites, but density showed the reverse and was negatively correlated with maximum wave strength (r = −0.84). Despite differences in adult densities and sizes, biomass, which is a product of the two, showed no significant difference between the two shore types (ANOVA P > 0.05). Thus wave exposure dramatically affects density, recruitment and mussel size, but not recruitment timing or biomass where there is 100% cover, and mediates a three-way interaction among food supply, larval supply and intraspecific competition for space. In contrast to shores with saturation recruitment, mussel biomass here appears to be limited by recruit supply and constraints of food, especially on sheltered shores, while density is regulated through intraspecific competition for space primarily on exposed shores and at small spatial scales.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: McQuaid, Christopher D , Lindsay, Tracy L
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6968 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012033
- Description: Recruitment and population structure of Perna perna in low shore mussel beds were investigated over 15 months at six sites along the south coast of South Africa. Initial, subjective classification of sites as wave exposed or wave sheltered (three of each) was confirmed using the dissolution of cement blocks to measure average water flux and dynamometers for maximum wave force. Recruitment occurred throughout the year, but recruit (1–5 mm) densities were significantly higher from January to April 1996 on both shore types. Recruit densities were positively correlated with adult (>15 mm) densities for both shore types (P < 0.05) but the correlations were extremely weak (r 2 < 0.06 in each case). In areas with 100% cover, adult size (mean and maximum lengths) was greater on exposed sites, but density showed the reverse and was negatively correlated with maximum wave strength (r = −0.84). Despite differences in adult densities and sizes, biomass, which is a product of the two, showed no significant difference between the two shore types (ANOVA P > 0.05). Thus wave exposure dramatically affects density, recruitment and mussel size, but not recruitment timing or biomass where there is 100% cover, and mediates a three-way interaction among food supply, larval supply and intraspecific competition for space. In contrast to shores with saturation recruitment, mussel biomass here appears to be limited by recruit supply and constraints of food, especially on sheltered shores, while density is regulated through intraspecific competition for space primarily on exposed shores and at small spatial scales.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
The need for an inland fisheries policy in South Africa : a case study of the North West Province
- Weyl, Olaf L F, Potts, Warren M, Rouhani, Q
- Authors: Weyl, Olaf L F , Potts, Warren M , Rouhani, Q
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6769 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008056
- Description: In contrast to many other African countries, inland fisheries in South Africa are poorly developed and the fish populations in many of the country’s 3 000 major dams are under-utilised. While the primary purpose South Africa’s dams is to supply water for domestic and agricultural use, there has been an increasing realisation that their fish populations could make a contribution to food security through the establishment of capture fisheries. Historically, the fish in most South African dams have primarily been utilised for recreational fishing purposes, as subsistence use was criminalised by the apartheid regime in all waters except in the former homeland areas. This legacy persists as many of South Africa’s rural communities do not have a fishing tradition and there is a lack of an institutional framework to facilitate managed and sustainable access to the fish resource in inland waters. Current utilisation of many inland dams is often complicated by the existence of multiple authorities and interest groups, often with competing agendas. As a result, the economic potential of these water bodies is unknown and often grossly underutilised. Our study outlines a case study of fisheries resources in the North West Province of South Africa that could be used for the creation of income and food security for local communities through the development of subsistence, commercial, and recreational fisheries. The study identifies the lack of guidelines for the development of inland fisheries and the lack of an inland fisheries policy, both at the provincial and national level, as major bottlenecks for the sustainable development of these resources and outlines possible focal areas for intervention.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Weyl, Olaf L F , Potts, Warren M , Rouhani, Q
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6769 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008056
- Description: In contrast to many other African countries, inland fisheries in South Africa are poorly developed and the fish populations in many of the country’s 3 000 major dams are under-utilised. While the primary purpose South Africa’s dams is to supply water for domestic and agricultural use, there has been an increasing realisation that their fish populations could make a contribution to food security through the establishment of capture fisheries. Historically, the fish in most South African dams have primarily been utilised for recreational fishing purposes, as subsistence use was criminalised by the apartheid regime in all waters except in the former homeland areas. This legacy persists as many of South Africa’s rural communities do not have a fishing tradition and there is a lack of an institutional framework to facilitate managed and sustainable access to the fish resource in inland waters. Current utilisation of many inland dams is often complicated by the existence of multiple authorities and interest groups, often with competing agendas. As a result, the economic potential of these water bodies is unknown and often grossly underutilised. Our study outlines a case study of fisheries resources in the North West Province of South Africa that could be used for the creation of income and food security for local communities through the development of subsistence, commercial, and recreational fisheries. The study identifies the lack of guidelines for the development of inland fisheries and the lack of an inland fisheries policy, both at the provincial and national level, as major bottlenecks for the sustainable development of these resources and outlines possible focal areas for intervention.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
Gowin's Knowledge Vee and the integration of philosophy and methodology : a case study
- Authors: Fox, Roddy C
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6682 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006677
- Description: Universities with a strong research tradition commonly have courses or modules examining the tradition’s philosophies and methodologies to prepare their students to undertake research programmes. Recently, however, authors have called for wider debate concerning how we teach these courses and this paper is intended, in part, to make a contribution to this debate. The Research Philosophy and Methodology module examined here makes an intriguing case study because of a number of distinctive characteristics. The teaching philosophy of the module is social constructivist and it uses Gowin’s Knowledge Vee as its main heuristic device. This facilitates the construction of knowledge about philosophy and methodology in an integrated manner. The module has also been designed for both physical and human geography students at the introductory post-graduate level. There is, therefore, a second element of integration in the curriculum. Lastly, the module is predominantly web-based, being taken by distance students through the exchange agreement between Rhodes University, South Africa, and the University of Trollhättan-Uddevalla, Sweden. Evidence from reflective exercises shows that the learners’ understanding of research and the research process has deepened considerably through using Gowin’s Vee. Furthermore, using the Knowledge Vee in the web-based context has facilitated the integrative aspects of the module.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Fox, Roddy C
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6682 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006677
- Description: Universities with a strong research tradition commonly have courses or modules examining the tradition’s philosophies and methodologies to prepare their students to undertake research programmes. Recently, however, authors have called for wider debate concerning how we teach these courses and this paper is intended, in part, to make a contribution to this debate. The Research Philosophy and Methodology module examined here makes an intriguing case study because of a number of distinctive characteristics. The teaching philosophy of the module is social constructivist and it uses Gowin’s Knowledge Vee as its main heuristic device. This facilitates the construction of knowledge about philosophy and methodology in an integrated manner. The module has also been designed for both physical and human geography students at the introductory post-graduate level. There is, therefore, a second element of integration in the curriculum. Lastly, the module is predominantly web-based, being taken by distance students through the exchange agreement between Rhodes University, South Africa, and the University of Trollhättan-Uddevalla, Sweden. Evidence from reflective exercises shows that the learners’ understanding of research and the research process has deepened considerably through using Gowin’s Vee. Furthermore, using the Knowledge Vee in the web-based context has facilitated the integrative aspects of the module.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
Effects of substituents on the photochemical and photophysical properties of main group metal phthalocyanines
- Authors: Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6581 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004146
- Description: The review focuses on the photochemical (singlet oxygen and photobleaching quantum yields) and photophysical (triplet quantum yields and lifetimes and fluorescence lifetimes) properties of metallophthalocyanine complexes containing main group metals (Zn, Al, Ge, Si, Sn, Ga and In) and some unmetallated phthalocyanine complexes. Five tables containing photophysical and photochemical data for sulfonated phthalocyanines, tetra-, octa-substituted and unsubstituted phthalocyanines in a variety of solvents, are included in the review.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6581 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004146
- Description: The review focuses on the photochemical (singlet oxygen and photobleaching quantum yields) and photophysical (triplet quantum yields and lifetimes and fluorescence lifetimes) properties of metallophthalocyanine complexes containing main group metals (Zn, Al, Ge, Si, Sn, Ga and In) and some unmetallated phthalocyanine complexes. Five tables containing photophysical and photochemical data for sulfonated phthalocyanines, tetra-, octa-substituted and unsubstituted phthalocyanines in a variety of solvents, are included in the review.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
Spermiogenesis in three species of cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae)
- Chawanji, A S, Hodgson, Alan N, Villet, Martin H, Sanborn, Allen F, Phillips, P K
- Authors: Chawanji, A S , Hodgson, Alan N , Villet, Martin H , Sanborn, Allen F , Phillips, P K
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6865 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011207
- Description: Spermiogenesis in three species of cicadas representing one cicadettine (Monomatapa matoposa Boulard) and two cicadines (Diceroprocta biconica [Walker] and Kongota punctigera [Walker]) was investigated by light and electron microscopy. Although spermiogenesis was occurring in the testis of adult males of all species, earlier spermiogenic stages were observed in D. biconica only. While spermiogenesis was similar to that described for other insects, some differences were noted. For example granular material did not assemble around the centriole to form a centriolar adjunct but did accumulate in the cytoplasm of early spermatids adjacent to a region of the nuclear membrane where nuclear pores were aggregated. In late spermatids this material accumulated anterior to the mitochondrial derivatives in a developing postero-lateral nuclear groove. While this material has been named the ‘centriolar adjunct’ by previous authors, its formation away from the centriole raises questions about its true identity. Second, during acrosome maturation an ante-acrosomal region of cytoplasm develops. Although present in later spermatids, this region is lost in spermatozoa. Interspecific variations in chromatin condensation patterns and the number of microtubule layers encircling the spermatid nucleus during spermiogenesis were noted.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Chawanji, A S , Hodgson, Alan N , Villet, Martin H , Sanborn, Allen F , Phillips, P K
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6865 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011207
- Description: Spermiogenesis in three species of cicadas representing one cicadettine (Monomatapa matoposa Boulard) and two cicadines (Diceroprocta biconica [Walker] and Kongota punctigera [Walker]) was investigated by light and electron microscopy. Although spermiogenesis was occurring in the testis of adult males of all species, earlier spermiogenic stages were observed in D. biconica only. While spermiogenesis was similar to that described for other insects, some differences were noted. For example granular material did not assemble around the centriole to form a centriolar adjunct but did accumulate in the cytoplasm of early spermatids adjacent to a region of the nuclear membrane where nuclear pores were aggregated. In late spermatids this material accumulated anterior to the mitochondrial derivatives in a developing postero-lateral nuclear groove. While this material has been named the ‘centriolar adjunct’ by previous authors, its formation away from the centriole raises questions about its true identity. Second, during acrosome maturation an ante-acrosomal region of cytoplasm develops. Although present in later spermatids, this region is lost in spermatozoa. Interspecific variations in chromatin condensation patterns and the number of microtubule layers encircling the spermatid nucleus during spermiogenesis were noted.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
Collaborative versus adversarial stances in scientific discourse : implications for the role of systematic case studies in the development of evidence-based practice in psychotherapy
- Authors: Edwards, David J A
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6245 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007861
- Description: There is still a need for advocacy in the promotion of case study research because there has been insufficient appreciation of its role as a source of evidence relevant to the development and evaluation of practice in psychotherapy. Distorted use of terms like "gold standard", "anecdotal",and "empirical" in the discourse in which research methodology is typically presented has disempowered the practitioner's perspective and discredited the role of case-based knowledge building. The framework of evidence-based practice (EBP) recognizes the complementarity of different research methods and acknowledges the significance of casebased research. To spell out some of these complementary links, a typology of seven research methods - including both experimental group comparison designs and individual case studies - is proposed and the contribution of each to the development of EBP is set out. Finally some suggestions are made for strategies to promote the publication of high quality case studies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Edwards, David J A
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6245 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007861
- Description: There is still a need for advocacy in the promotion of case study research because there has been insufficient appreciation of its role as a source of evidence relevant to the development and evaluation of practice in psychotherapy. Distorted use of terms like "gold standard", "anecdotal",and "empirical" in the discourse in which research methodology is typically presented has disempowered the practitioner's perspective and discredited the role of case-based knowledge building. The framework of evidence-based practice (EBP) recognizes the complementarity of different research methods and acknowledges the significance of casebased research. To spell out some of these complementary links, a typology of seven research methods - including both experimental group comparison designs and individual case studies - is proposed and the contribution of each to the development of EBP is set out. Finally some suggestions are made for strategies to promote the publication of high quality case studies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
GPS TEC and ionosonde TEC over Grahamstown, South Africa: first comparisons
- McKinnell, Lee-Anne, Opperman, Ben D L, Cilliers, Pierre J
- Authors: McKinnell, Lee-Anne , Opperman, Ben D L , Cilliers, Pierre J
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6800 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004163
- Description: The Grahamstown, South Africa (33.3°S, 26.5°E) ionospheric field station operates a UMass Lowell digital pulse ionospheric sounder (Digisonde) and an Ashtech geodetic grade dual frequency GPS receiver. The GPS receiver is owned by Chief Directorate Surveys and Mapping (CDSM) in Cape Town, forms part of the national TrigNet network and was installed in February 2005. The sampling rates of the GPS receiver and Digisonde were set to 1 s and 15 min, respectively. Data from four continuous months, March–June 2005 inclusive, were considered in this initial investigation. Data available from the Grahamstown GPS receiver was limited, and, therefore, only these 4 months have been considered. Total Electron Content (TEC) values were determined from GPS measurements obtained from satellites passing near vertical (within an 80° elevation) to the station. TEC values were obtained from ionograms recorded at times within 5 min of the near vertical GPS measurement. The GPS derived TEC values are referred to as GTEC and the ionogram derived TEC values as ITEC. Comparisons of GTEC and ITEC values are presented in this paper. The differential clock biases of the GPS satellites and receivers are taken into account. The plasmaspheric contribution to the TEC can be inferred from the results, and confirm findings obtained by other groups. This paper describes the groundwork for a procedure that will allow the validation of GPS derived ionospheric information with ionosonde data. This work will be of interest to the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) community since GPS receivers are becoming recognised as another source for ionospheric information.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: McKinnell, Lee-Anne , Opperman, Ben D L , Cilliers, Pierre J
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6800 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004163
- Description: The Grahamstown, South Africa (33.3°S, 26.5°E) ionospheric field station operates a UMass Lowell digital pulse ionospheric sounder (Digisonde) and an Ashtech geodetic grade dual frequency GPS receiver. The GPS receiver is owned by Chief Directorate Surveys and Mapping (CDSM) in Cape Town, forms part of the national TrigNet network and was installed in February 2005. The sampling rates of the GPS receiver and Digisonde were set to 1 s and 15 min, respectively. Data from four continuous months, March–June 2005 inclusive, were considered in this initial investigation. Data available from the Grahamstown GPS receiver was limited, and, therefore, only these 4 months have been considered. Total Electron Content (TEC) values were determined from GPS measurements obtained from satellites passing near vertical (within an 80° elevation) to the station. TEC values were obtained from ionograms recorded at times within 5 min of the near vertical GPS measurement. The GPS derived TEC values are referred to as GTEC and the ionogram derived TEC values as ITEC. Comparisons of GTEC and ITEC values are presented in this paper. The differential clock biases of the GPS satellites and receivers are taken into account. The plasmaspheric contribution to the TEC can be inferred from the results, and confirm findings obtained by other groups. This paper describes the groundwork for a procedure that will allow the validation of GPS derived ionospheric information with ionosonde data. This work will be of interest to the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) community since GPS receivers are becoming recognised as another source for ionospheric information.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
Physical implications of prolonged sitting in a confined posture - a literature review
- Todd, Andrew I, Bennett, Anthea I, Christie, Candice J
- Authors: Todd, Andrew I , Bennett, Anthea I , Christie, Candice J
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6756 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009458
- Description: The main purpose of this review article was to highlight some of the physical consequences of sitting for prolonged periods in a confined setting. More specifically, the review relates this research to call centre work and where applicable comments on the limited literature relating specifically to ergonomics research within call centre settings. In particular the article explores the biomechanical stresses placed on the musculoskeletal system during prolonged sitting at a workstation, and the physiological consequences thereof. The paper then provides possible solutions to reduce the physical strain placed on these workers by looking at workstation design and work organisation emphasizing worker education and the promotion of worker well being.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Todd, Andrew I , Bennett, Anthea I , Christie, Candice J
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6756 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009458
- Description: The main purpose of this review article was to highlight some of the physical consequences of sitting for prolonged periods in a confined setting. More specifically, the review relates this research to call centre work and where applicable comments on the limited literature relating specifically to ergonomics research within call centre settings. In particular the article explores the biomechanical stresses placed on the musculoskeletal system during prolonged sitting at a workstation, and the physiological consequences thereof. The paper then provides possible solutions to reduce the physical strain placed on these workers by looking at workstation design and work organisation emphasizing worker education and the promotion of worker well being.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
Towards a definition of SUBJECT in binding domains and subject-oriented anaphora
- Authors: de Vos, Mark
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6141 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011593
- Description: The question of subjecthood has dogged linguistic science since ancient times. However, in current versions of Minimalism, subjects do not have primitive status and can only be defined in derived terms. However, subjects and the broader theoretical notion of SUBJECT remain important in linguistic description. This paper develops a definition of subjecthood in terms of set-theoretic notions of functional dependency: when a feature, say phi, determines the value of some other feature, say u-phi. This notion is used to describe various phenomena where subjecthood has been invoked: binding domains and subject-oriented anaphors.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: de Vos, Mark
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6141 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011593
- Description: The question of subjecthood has dogged linguistic science since ancient times. However, in current versions of Minimalism, subjects do not have primitive status and can only be defined in derived terms. However, subjects and the broader theoretical notion of SUBJECT remain important in linguistic description. This paper develops a definition of subjecthood in terms of set-theoretic notions of functional dependency: when a feature, say phi, determines the value of some other feature, say u-phi. This notion is used to describe various phenomena where subjecthood has been invoked: binding domains and subject-oriented anaphors.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
Factors affecting ethical judgement of South African chartered accountants
- Maree, Kevin W, Radloff, Sarah E
- Authors: Maree, Kevin W , Radloff, Sarah E
- Date: 2007
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6073 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001647 , ISSN 1022-2529 , http://0-dx.doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.1108/10222529200700001
- Description: The start of the twenty-first century was marred by a spate of company collapses that involved fraudulent accounting activity. In many cases, company executives, many of whom belonged to the accounting profession, perpetrated the fraud. As a result, internationally, the accounting profession has suffered an enormous loss of goodwill, and its reputation as a profession with integrity has been severely harmed. Accounting professionals are no longer accorded the high regard they commanded in the past. The consequences for the profession have been far-reaching: accounting now faces a long, uphill battle to restore its reputation and to regain the trust of the international business community. This study replicates two famous international studies in the South African context. The focus of the study was to establish whether factors such as the Code of Professional Conduct of the South African Institute of Chartered Accountants (SAICA), the corporate ethical environment and their age influence the ethical judgement of individual accountants. The first such study was conducted in the United States of America (USA), and it was followed by similar research in Turkey. The results of these two studies suggested very different factors that could influence accountants' ethical judgement. The study reported in this article investigated South African chartered accountants; and its results were similar to those obtained in the US study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Maree, Kevin W , Radloff, Sarah E
- Date: 2007
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6073 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001647 , ISSN 1022-2529 , http://0-dx.doi.org.wam.seals.ac.za/10.1108/10222529200700001
- Description: The start of the twenty-first century was marred by a spate of company collapses that involved fraudulent accounting activity. In many cases, company executives, many of whom belonged to the accounting profession, perpetrated the fraud. As a result, internationally, the accounting profession has suffered an enormous loss of goodwill, and its reputation as a profession with integrity has been severely harmed. Accounting professionals are no longer accorded the high regard they commanded in the past. The consequences for the profession have been far-reaching: accounting now faces a long, uphill battle to restore its reputation and to regain the trust of the international business community. This study replicates two famous international studies in the South African context. The focus of the study was to establish whether factors such as the Code of Professional Conduct of the South African Institute of Chartered Accountants (SAICA), the corporate ethical environment and their age influence the ethical judgement of individual accountants. The first such study was conducted in the United States of America (USA), and it was followed by similar research in Turkey. The results of these two studies suggested very different factors that could influence accountants' ethical judgement. The study reported in this article investigated South African chartered accountants; and its results were similar to those obtained in the US study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
The effects of buffer molarity, agitation rate and mesh size on verapamil release from modified release mini-tablets using USP Apparatus 3
- Khamanga, Sandile M, Walker, Roderick B
- Authors: Khamanga, Sandile M , Walker, Roderick B
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6386 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006307
- Description: The effects of agitation rate, buffer molarity,and mesh size on the dissolution rate of verapamil hydrochloride from sustained release matrix tablets were studied using USP Apparatus 3. Eudragit® and Carbopol® were used as rate-retarding polymers in tablets prepared by wet granulation.The study was conducted to determine whether the drugs exhibit similar release characteristics when tested under the same dissolution conditions. It was found that the dissolution rate of verapamil hydrochloride was affected by the variables assessed in these studies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Khamanga, Sandile M , Walker, Roderick B
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: text , Article
- Identifier: vital:6386 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006307
- Description: The effects of agitation rate, buffer molarity,and mesh size on the dissolution rate of verapamil hydrochloride from sustained release matrix tablets were studied using USP Apparatus 3. Eudragit® and Carbopol® were used as rate-retarding polymers in tablets prepared by wet granulation.The study was conducted to determine whether the drugs exhibit similar release characteristics when tested under the same dissolution conditions. It was found that the dissolution rate of verapamil hydrochloride was affected by the variables assessed in these studies.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
First evidence for the Cenomanian-Turonian oceanic anoxic event (OAE2, Bonarelli event) from the Ionian Zone, western continental Greece
- Karakitsios, V, Tsikos, Harilaos, Van Breugel, Y, Koletti, L, Sinninghe Damsté, J S, Jenkyns, H C
- Authors: Karakitsios, V , Tsikos, Harilaos , Van Breugel, Y , Koletti, L , Sinninghe Damsté, J S , Jenkyns, H C
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6735 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007547
- Description: Integrated biostratigraphic (planktonic foraminifera, calcareous nannofossils), chemostratigraphic (bulk C and O isotopes) and compound-specific organic geochemical studies of a mid-Cretaceous pelagic carbonate—black shale succession of the Ionian Zone (western Greece), provide the first evidence for the Cenomanian–Turonian oceanic anoxic event (OAE2, ‘Bonarelli’ event) in mainland Greece. The event is manifested by the occurrence of a relatively thin (35 cm), yet exceptionally organic carbon-rich (44.5 wt% TOC), carbonate-free black shale, near the Cenomanian–Turonian boundary within the Vigla limestone formation (Berriasian–Turonian). Compared to the ‘Bonarelli’ black-shale interval from the type locality of OAE2 in Marche–Umbria, Italy, this black shale exhibits greatly reduced stratigraphic thickness, coupled with a considerable relative enrichment in TOC. Isotopically, enriched δ[superscript 13]C values for both bulk organic matter (−22.2‰) and specific organic compounds are up to 5‰ higher than those of underlying organic-rich strata of the Aptian-lower Albian Vigla Shale member, and thus compare very well with similar values of Cenomanian–Turonian black shale occurrences elsewhere. The relative predominance of bacterial hopanoids in the saturated, apolar lipid fraction of the OAE2 black shale of the Ionian Zone supports recent findings suggesting the abundance of N[subscript 2]-fixing cyanobacteria in Cretaceous oceans during the Cenomanian–Turonian and early Aptian oceanic anoxic events.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Karakitsios, V , Tsikos, Harilaos , Van Breugel, Y , Koletti, L , Sinninghe Damsté, J S , Jenkyns, H C
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6735 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007547
- Description: Integrated biostratigraphic (planktonic foraminifera, calcareous nannofossils), chemostratigraphic (bulk C and O isotopes) and compound-specific organic geochemical studies of a mid-Cretaceous pelagic carbonate—black shale succession of the Ionian Zone (western Greece), provide the first evidence for the Cenomanian–Turonian oceanic anoxic event (OAE2, ‘Bonarelli’ event) in mainland Greece. The event is manifested by the occurrence of a relatively thin (35 cm), yet exceptionally organic carbon-rich (44.5 wt% TOC), carbonate-free black shale, near the Cenomanian–Turonian boundary within the Vigla limestone formation (Berriasian–Turonian). Compared to the ‘Bonarelli’ black-shale interval from the type locality of OAE2 in Marche–Umbria, Italy, this black shale exhibits greatly reduced stratigraphic thickness, coupled with a considerable relative enrichment in TOC. Isotopically, enriched δ[superscript 13]C values for both bulk organic matter (−22.2‰) and specific organic compounds are up to 5‰ higher than those of underlying organic-rich strata of the Aptian-lower Albian Vigla Shale member, and thus compare very well with similar values of Cenomanian–Turonian black shale occurrences elsewhere. The relative predominance of bacterial hopanoids in the saturated, apolar lipid fraction of the OAE2 black shale of the Ionian Zone supports recent findings suggesting the abundance of N[subscript 2]-fixing cyanobacteria in Cretaceous oceans during the Cenomanian–Turonian and early Aptian oceanic anoxic events.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
Physical and biological processes at the Subtropical Convergence in the South-west Indian Ocean
- Froneman, P William, Ansorge, Isabelle J, Richoux, Nicole B, Blake, Justin, Daly, Ryan, Sterley, Jessica A, Mostert, B, Heyns, Elodie R, Sheppard, Jill N, Kuyper, B, Hart, N, George, C, Howard, J, Mustafa, E, Pey, F, Lutjeharms, Johan R E
- Authors: Froneman, P William , Ansorge, Isabelle J , Richoux, Nicole B , Blake, Justin , Daly, Ryan , Sterley, Jessica A , Mostert, B , Heyns, Elodie R , Sheppard, Jill N , Kuyper, B , Hart, N , George, C , Howard, J , Mustafa, E , Pey, F , Lutjeharms, Johan R E
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6966 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012030
- Description: A detailed hydrographic and biological survey was conducted in the region of the Subtropical Convergence in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean in April 2007. Hydrographic data revealed that the subsurface expression of the Subtropical Convergence (at 200 m), marked by the 10°C isotherm, appeared to meander considerably between 41°S and 42°15’S. Total surface chlorophyll- a concentration was low and ranged from 0.03 to 0.42 µg l–1 and was always dominated by the pico- (<2 µm) and nano- (2–120 µm) size classes, which contributed between 81% and 93% of the total pigment. The total chlorophyll-a integrated over the top 150m of the water column showed no distinct spatial trends, and ranged from 12.8 to 40.1mg chl-a m–2. There were no significant correlations between the total integrated chlorophyll- a concentration and temperature and salinity (P > 0.05). The zooplankton community was dominated, numerically and by biomass, by mesozooplankton comprising mainly copepods of the genera, Oithona,Paraeuchaeta, Pleuromamma, Calanus and Clausocalanus. An exception was recorded at those stations in the region of the front where the tunicate, Salpa thompsoni, dominated the total zooplankton biomass.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Froneman, P William , Ansorge, Isabelle J , Richoux, Nicole B , Blake, Justin , Daly, Ryan , Sterley, Jessica A , Mostert, B , Heyns, Elodie R , Sheppard, Jill N , Kuyper, B , Hart, N , George, C , Howard, J , Mustafa, E , Pey, F , Lutjeharms, Johan R E
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6966 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012030
- Description: A detailed hydrographic and biological survey was conducted in the region of the Subtropical Convergence in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean in April 2007. Hydrographic data revealed that the subsurface expression of the Subtropical Convergence (at 200 m), marked by the 10°C isotherm, appeared to meander considerably between 41°S and 42°15’S. Total surface chlorophyll- a concentration was low and ranged from 0.03 to 0.42 µg l–1 and was always dominated by the pico- (<2 µm) and nano- (2–120 µm) size classes, which contributed between 81% and 93% of the total pigment. The total chlorophyll-a integrated over the top 150m of the water column showed no distinct spatial trends, and ranged from 12.8 to 40.1mg chl-a m–2. There were no significant correlations between the total integrated chlorophyll- a concentration and temperature and salinity (P > 0.05). The zooplankton community was dominated, numerically and by biomass, by mesozooplankton comprising mainly copepods of the genera, Oithona,Paraeuchaeta, Pleuromamma, Calanus and Clausocalanus. An exception was recorded at those stations in the region of the front where the tunicate, Salpa thompsoni, dominated the total zooplankton biomass.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
How entrepreneurs deal with ethical challenges : an application of the Business Ethics Synergy Star Technique
- Robinson, David A, Davidsson, Per, Van der Mescht, Hennie, Court, Philip
- Authors: Robinson, David A , Davidsson, Per , Van der Mescht, Hennie , Court, Philip
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6079 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006123
- Description: Entrepreneurs typically live with the ever present threat of business failure arising from limited financial resources and aggressive competition in the marketplace. Under these circumstances, conflicting priorities arise and the entrepreneur is thus faced with certain dilemmas. In seeking to resolve these, entrepreneurs must often rely on their own judgment to determine ‘‘what is right’’. There is thus a need for a technique to assist them decide on a course of action when no precedent or obvious solution exists. This research paper examines how entrepreneurs experience and deal with these dilemmas. The research is based on interviews with seven entrepreneurs in established service-oriented ventures, which gave rise to 26 dilemmas. These dilemmas were analyzed by making use of the Synergy Star technique, which is introduced here as a tool that is useful in defining any dilemma, isolating the ethical component, and resolving the dilemma in a way that is congruent with the entrepreneur’s personal world-view.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Robinson, David A , Davidsson, Per , Van der Mescht, Hennie , Court, Philip
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6079 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006123
- Description: Entrepreneurs typically live with the ever present threat of business failure arising from limited financial resources and aggressive competition in the marketplace. Under these circumstances, conflicting priorities arise and the entrepreneur is thus faced with certain dilemmas. In seeking to resolve these, entrepreneurs must often rely on their own judgment to determine ‘‘what is right’’. There is thus a need for a technique to assist them decide on a course of action when no precedent or obvious solution exists. This research paper examines how entrepreneurs experience and deal with these dilemmas. The research is based on interviews with seven entrepreneurs in established service-oriented ventures, which gave rise to 26 dilemmas. These dilemmas were analyzed by making use of the Synergy Star technique, which is introduced here as a tool that is useful in defining any dilemma, isolating the ethical component, and resolving the dilemma in a way that is congruent with the entrepreneur’s personal world-view.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
Enlarged arguments in Bantu : evidence from Chichewa
- Authors: Simango, Silvester Ron
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6140 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011592
- Description: This paper re-examines two types of constructions that have featured in the discussion of possessor ascension in Bantu: one type – an applicative construction – is associated with alienable possession, and the other – non-applicative – is associated with inalienable possession. The study shows that the former expresses affectedness, and that the possessor reading arises only by construal; whereas the latter expresses a part–whole relationship. The paper argues that the two constructions differ in more significant ways than has previously been acknowledged; and that their distinct derivations cannot be captured by traditional possessor ascension (PA) analyses. The putative “alienable” possessor constructions belong to the class of (benefactive) applicative constructions and should be analyzed as such. The paper proposes that the so-called “inalienable” possessor constructions can best be accounted for by positing the existence of “enlarged arguments” wherein the possessum functions as a nominal predicate which more narrowly pinpoints the locus of the action described by the verb.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Simango, Silvester Ron
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6140 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011592
- Description: This paper re-examines two types of constructions that have featured in the discussion of possessor ascension in Bantu: one type – an applicative construction – is associated with alienable possession, and the other – non-applicative – is associated with inalienable possession. The study shows that the former expresses affectedness, and that the possessor reading arises only by construal; whereas the latter expresses a part–whole relationship. The paper argues that the two constructions differ in more significant ways than has previously been acknowledged; and that their distinct derivations cannot be captured by traditional possessor ascension (PA) analyses. The putative “alienable” possessor constructions belong to the class of (benefactive) applicative constructions and should be analyzed as such. The paper proposes that the so-called “inalienable” possessor constructions can best be accounted for by positing the existence of “enlarged arguments” wherein the possessum functions as a nominal predicate which more narrowly pinpoints the locus of the action described by the verb.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
Unconscious nobility: the animal poetry of Harold Farmer
- Authors: Wylie, Dan
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6122 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004705
- Description: I want to suggest that Harold Farmer's poetry works repeatedly in this area of ambiguity, a zone of tension triangulated, as it were, between three impulses. First : a notion (or even the fact) that a sense of community depends on 'knowing' what the 'other' is thinking or feeling, and on being able to articulate that knowledge. Second : suspecting, or even knowing, that certain reaches of the mind of the 'other' are fundamentally, and fascinatingly, unknowable - of the realm of the unconscious. And third : knowing (or just fearing or hoping) that any secure distinction between ourselves-as-humans and ourselves-as-sharing-animal-traits is artificial, or at least permeable. Hence, while Farmer's wild animals are perpetually on the brink of disappearing from sight and understanding, it is precisely that mysteriousness which attracts us, can sometimes envelop us, and even speak to us. In having spoken and been spoken to, we are somehow ennobled.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Wylie, Dan
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6122 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004705
- Description: I want to suggest that Harold Farmer's poetry works repeatedly in this area of ambiguity, a zone of tension triangulated, as it were, between three impulses. First : a notion (or even the fact) that a sense of community depends on 'knowing' what the 'other' is thinking or feeling, and on being able to articulate that knowledge. Second : suspecting, or even knowing, that certain reaches of the mind of the 'other' are fundamentally, and fascinatingly, unknowable - of the realm of the unconscious. And third : knowing (or just fearing or hoping) that any secure distinction between ourselves-as-humans and ourselves-as-sharing-animal-traits is artificial, or at least permeable. Hence, while Farmer's wild animals are perpetually on the brink of disappearing from sight and understanding, it is precisely that mysteriousness which attracts us, can sometimes envelop us, and even speak to us. In having spoken and been spoken to, we are somehow ennobled.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
Load carrying : in situ physiological responses of an infantry platoon
- Scott, Patricia A, Ramabhai, L
- Authors: Scott, Patricia A , Ramabhai, L
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6753 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009333
- Description: Morphological diversity is the source of differential stress when heavy work must be done by groups, as in the carrying of military equipment by a platoon. In this study 10 infantrymen each carried 40.5kg at the same pace over a 12km route on one day and 37% of personal body weight on another occasion. Physiological and perceptual responses indicated less stress was experienced when loads were normalised for morphological differences between the troops.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Scott, Patricia A , Ramabhai, L
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6753 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1009333
- Description: Morphological diversity is the source of differential stress when heavy work must be done by groups, as in the carrying of military equipment by a platoon. In this study 10 infantrymen each carried 40.5kg at the same pace over a 12km route on one day and 37% of personal body weight on another occasion. Physiological and perceptual responses indicated less stress was experienced when loads were normalised for morphological differences between the troops.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
Patterns and processes underlying evolutionary significant units in the Platypleura stridula L. species complex (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) in the Cape Floristic Region, South Africa
- Price, Benjamin W, Barker, Nigel P, Villet, Martin H
- Authors: Price, Benjamin W , Barker, Nigel P , Villet, Martin H
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6964 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012027
- Description: Cicadas have been shown to be useful organisms for examining the effects of distribution, plant association and geographical barriers on gene flow between populations. The cicadas of the Platypleura stridula species complex are restricted to the biologically diverse Cape Floristic Region (CFR) of South Africa. They are thus an excellent study group for elucidating the mechanisms by which hemipteran diversity is generated and maintained in the CFR. Phylogeographical analysis of this species complex using mitochondrial DNA Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) and ribosomal 16S sequence data, coupled with preliminary morphological and acoustic data, resolves six clades, each of which has specific host-plant associations and distinct geographical ranges. The phylogeographical structure implies simultaneous or near-simultaneous radiation events, coupled with shifts in host-plant associations. When calibrated using published COI and 16S substitution rates typical for related insects, these lineages date back to the late Pliocene - early Pleistocene, coincident with vegetation change, altered drainage patterns and accelerated erosion in response to neotectonic crustal uplift and cyclic Pleistocene climate change, and glaciation-associated changes in climate and sea level.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007
- Authors: Price, Benjamin W , Barker, Nigel P , Villet, Martin H
- Date: 2007
- Language: English
- Type: Article
- Identifier: vital:6964 , http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012027
- Description: Cicadas have been shown to be useful organisms for examining the effects of distribution, plant association and geographical barriers on gene flow between populations. The cicadas of the Platypleura stridula species complex are restricted to the biologically diverse Cape Floristic Region (CFR) of South Africa. They are thus an excellent study group for elucidating the mechanisms by which hemipteran diversity is generated and maintained in the CFR. Phylogeographical analysis of this species complex using mitochondrial DNA Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) and ribosomal 16S sequence data, coupled with preliminary morphological and acoustic data, resolves six clades, each of which has specific host-plant associations and distinct geographical ranges. The phylogeographical structure implies simultaneous or near-simultaneous radiation events, coupled with shifts in host-plant associations. When calibrated using published COI and 16S substitution rates typical for related insects, these lineages date back to the late Pliocene - early Pleistocene, coincident with vegetation change, altered drainage patterns and accelerated erosion in response to neotectonic crustal uplift and cyclic Pleistocene climate change, and glaciation-associated changes in climate and sea level.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2007