Credit risk management impact on loan performance in development finance institutions in South Africa
- Lekhelebana, Letlatsa George
- Authors: Lekhelebana, Letlatsa George
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Development finance institutions , Credit -- Management -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57698 , vital:58217
- Description: Development Finance Institutions ( play an important role in being a catalyst for economic development and growth where they operate. TUHF Group operates as a niche commercial property D FI funding entrepreneurs that seek to bring to market properties that deliver multi let housing units. This also deals with the pro blem of the lack of housing that South Africa has. For DFIs to operate optimally and be financially sustainable , they need to source funding from either shareholders or the financial markets. Financial markets require that the DFIs operate in a profitable manner to qualify for funding and this is also driven by the way the DFI manages the loan book’s integrity. This study examines the relationship between credit risk management policy, processes and procedures in practice and the TUHF Group and their impa ct on the performance of the loan book. In order that the research aim and objectives are fulfilled, and the research question answered, the study undertook an extensive review of existing literature on DFIs, the impact on economic development and growt h, the impact of badly performing loan books on the performance of companies and how this is impacted on by credit management structures, policies and procedures. An empirical study was conducted through the collection of primary data from the internal doc uments at TUHF Group and among some of the staff members at TUHF through a structured interviews based on open ended questions. The research revealed that there is indeed a link between the credit risk management processes and procedures at TUHF and the performance of the loan book, the findings indicated that the current policy and procedures is not sufficient for a well performing loan book and the pr imary data showed worsening performance of the loan book over time. These findings further indicate a requirement for TUHF to improve the credit policies and architecture for a sustainable financial performance in future. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Lekhelebana, Letlatsa George
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Development finance institutions , Credit -- Management -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57698 , vital:58217
- Description: Development Finance Institutions ( play an important role in being a catalyst for economic development and growth where they operate. TUHF Group operates as a niche commercial property D FI funding entrepreneurs that seek to bring to market properties that deliver multi let housing units. This also deals with the pro blem of the lack of housing that South Africa has. For DFIs to operate optimally and be financially sustainable , they need to source funding from either shareholders or the financial markets. Financial markets require that the DFIs operate in a profitable manner to qualify for funding and this is also driven by the way the DFI manages the loan book’s integrity. This study examines the relationship between credit risk management policy, processes and procedures in practice and the TUHF Group and their impa ct on the performance of the loan book. In order that the research aim and objectives are fulfilled, and the research question answered, the study undertook an extensive review of existing literature on DFIs, the impact on economic development and growt h, the impact of badly performing loan books on the performance of companies and how this is impacted on by credit management structures, policies and procedures. An empirical study was conducted through the collection of primary data from the internal doc uments at TUHF Group and among some of the staff members at TUHF through a structured interviews based on open ended questions. The research revealed that there is indeed a link between the credit risk management processes and procedures at TUHF and the performance of the loan book, the findings indicated that the current policy and procedures is not sufficient for a well performing loan book and the pr imary data showed worsening performance of the loan book over time. These findings further indicate a requirement for TUHF to improve the credit policies and architecture for a sustainable financial performance in future. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Human capital of financial planners and value creation in South African financial planning businesses
- Palframan, Jaqueline birgitta
- Authors: Palframan, Jaqueline birgitta
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Human capital -- South Africa , Corporations--Finance
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58123 , vital:58582
- Description: Improved healthcare enables people to live longer and thus spend more time in retirement than ever before. In addition, South Africans have a low propensity to save and invest, resulting in the danger of them living longer than their finances permit. The financial planning industry is also experiencing the technological automation of many transactional services, which could make the “traditional” role of financial planners redundant. Furthermore, financial planning businesses are prone to failure, especially during the start-up phase. As such, appropriate business management strategies, especially those relating to human capital, are critical to facilitate the effective development of financial planning businesses and which will enable financial planners to better engage with existing and new clients, resulting in creating more value creation for their financial planning businesses and benefitting the South African economy at large. It is a well-known fact that people who engage with a financial planner report better outcomes in terms of financial and general well-being than those who approach financial planning with a “do-it-yourself” mindset, which further emphasises why the longevity of financial planning businesses in South Africa is important. To date, however, limited academic research has been conducted on the influence of financial planners’ human capital on value creation in their financial planning businesses. Furthermore, although research in the financial planning field is growing, previous research has mostly focused on areas pertaining to financial advice, the financial planning process and products used in financial planning, rather than on the creation of profitable businesses or on how to create value within these businesses. Against this background, the primary objective of this study is to investigate the influence of selected Human capitals of financial planners on value creation in South African financial planning businesses. More specifically, the study investigates the influence of the independent variables of Social capital (measured individually in terms of its sub-categories, Relational social capital, Network social capital and Cognitive social capital), Entrepreneurial capital and Psychological capital on the dependent variables (Perceived financial value creation and Perceived non-financial value creation). v Based on the primary objective and research questions of the study, as well as the assumptions of the researcher, this study was positioned in the positivistic research paradigm and a deductive approach to theory development was adopted. The purpose of the study was explanatory, and a mono-method, quantitative methodological approach was selected. A survey strategy using a cross-sectional approach was undertaken and a measuring instrument in the form of an online questionnaire was developed to gather the data required. After undertaking a pilot study, the electronic link to the covering letter and online questionnaire was sent to potential respondents identified through the convenience and snowball sampling techniques. The data collection yielded 360 usable responses from South African financial planners on which to undertake the statistical analysis. Data analysis ensued to investigate the hypothesised relationships between the independent and dependent variables. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed on each of the factors that made up the measurement models. These CFAs were compared to the various goodness-of-fit indices and then validity and reliability assessments of the factors were conducted to confirm the suitability of the measuring instrument. Thereafter, Cronbach’s alpha coefficients, average variance extracted (AVE) estimates and squared correlations between the constructs were reported. The hypothesised model was confirmed based on these analyses. Descriptive statistics and correlation results on the dependent and independent variables were then reported. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used as the statistical technique to test the significance of the hypothesised direct and moderating relationships. The results confirmed a direct, significant relationship between all the independent variables, namely, Social capital (measured individually in terms of its sub-categories, Relational social capital, Network social capital and Cognitive social capital), Entrepreneurial capital and Psychological capital, and the dependent variables (Perceived financial value creation and Perceived non-financial value creation). Regarding the hypothesised moderating influence of Social capital on the relationships between the independent variables Entrepreneurial capital and Psychological capital, and the dependent variables, it was found that only Relational social capital and Network social capital moderated the relationship between Psychological capital and Perceived financial value creation. vi This study has contributed to the body of knowledge of financial planning in general, as well as how the human capital of financial planners influences both financial and non-financial value creation in financial planning businesses. Practical recommendations were made that could enhance financial planners’ value creation in financial planning businesses, which, in turn, would influence the sustainability of these important businesses. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Palframan, Jaqueline birgitta
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Human capital -- South Africa , Corporations--Finance
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58123 , vital:58582
- Description: Improved healthcare enables people to live longer and thus spend more time in retirement than ever before. In addition, South Africans have a low propensity to save and invest, resulting in the danger of them living longer than their finances permit. The financial planning industry is also experiencing the technological automation of many transactional services, which could make the “traditional” role of financial planners redundant. Furthermore, financial planning businesses are prone to failure, especially during the start-up phase. As such, appropriate business management strategies, especially those relating to human capital, are critical to facilitate the effective development of financial planning businesses and which will enable financial planners to better engage with existing and new clients, resulting in creating more value creation for their financial planning businesses and benefitting the South African economy at large. It is a well-known fact that people who engage with a financial planner report better outcomes in terms of financial and general well-being than those who approach financial planning with a “do-it-yourself” mindset, which further emphasises why the longevity of financial planning businesses in South Africa is important. To date, however, limited academic research has been conducted on the influence of financial planners’ human capital on value creation in their financial planning businesses. Furthermore, although research in the financial planning field is growing, previous research has mostly focused on areas pertaining to financial advice, the financial planning process and products used in financial planning, rather than on the creation of profitable businesses or on how to create value within these businesses. Against this background, the primary objective of this study is to investigate the influence of selected Human capitals of financial planners on value creation in South African financial planning businesses. More specifically, the study investigates the influence of the independent variables of Social capital (measured individually in terms of its sub-categories, Relational social capital, Network social capital and Cognitive social capital), Entrepreneurial capital and Psychological capital on the dependent variables (Perceived financial value creation and Perceived non-financial value creation). v Based on the primary objective and research questions of the study, as well as the assumptions of the researcher, this study was positioned in the positivistic research paradigm and a deductive approach to theory development was adopted. The purpose of the study was explanatory, and a mono-method, quantitative methodological approach was selected. A survey strategy using a cross-sectional approach was undertaken and a measuring instrument in the form of an online questionnaire was developed to gather the data required. After undertaking a pilot study, the electronic link to the covering letter and online questionnaire was sent to potential respondents identified through the convenience and snowball sampling techniques. The data collection yielded 360 usable responses from South African financial planners on which to undertake the statistical analysis. Data analysis ensued to investigate the hypothesised relationships between the independent and dependent variables. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed on each of the factors that made up the measurement models. These CFAs were compared to the various goodness-of-fit indices and then validity and reliability assessments of the factors were conducted to confirm the suitability of the measuring instrument. Thereafter, Cronbach’s alpha coefficients, average variance extracted (AVE) estimates and squared correlations between the constructs were reported. The hypothesised model was confirmed based on these analyses. Descriptive statistics and correlation results on the dependent and independent variables were then reported. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used as the statistical technique to test the significance of the hypothesised direct and moderating relationships. The results confirmed a direct, significant relationship between all the independent variables, namely, Social capital (measured individually in terms of its sub-categories, Relational social capital, Network social capital and Cognitive social capital), Entrepreneurial capital and Psychological capital, and the dependent variables (Perceived financial value creation and Perceived non-financial value creation). Regarding the hypothesised moderating influence of Social capital on the relationships between the independent variables Entrepreneurial capital and Psychological capital, and the dependent variables, it was found that only Relational social capital and Network social capital moderated the relationship between Psychological capital and Perceived financial value creation. vi This study has contributed to the body of knowledge of financial planning in general, as well as how the human capital of financial planners influences both financial and non-financial value creation in financial planning businesses. Practical recommendations were made that could enhance financial planners’ value creation in financial planning businesses, which, in turn, would influence the sustainability of these important businesses. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Lived Experiences of Repeat Sex Offenders in a Zimbabwean Juvenile Prison Regarding Secondary Desistance
- Authors: Chingozho, Johnson
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Sex Offender -- Zimbabwe , Prison violence
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58750 , vital:60084
- Description: Juvenile sex offending is a serious crime that represents a social dysfunction for the offender, an injury to the community and a traumatic experience for the victim. Sex offending is generally perceived to be a conscious and intentional decision. Adolescent sex offending may be attributed to emotional immaturity and faulty thinking patterns. While interventions have been developed in Western settings, it appears they have failed to reduce reoffending among juvenile sex offenders in Zimbabwe. This is attributed to a lack of a culturally responsive psychological programme developed for the Zimbabwean adolescent sex offender. The study employed a phenomenological qualitative research approach that is exploratory, descriptive and theory generative in design. The Integrated Theory of Desistance from Sex Offending (ITDSO) underpinned the research study. The ITDSO’s three temporal dimensions namely: decisive momentum, rehabilitation and reentry were instrumental in the framing of the interview questions used in fieldwork and the development of the Zimbabwe Adolescent Sex Offender Psychoeducational Programme (ZASOPP). The research study took place in four phases. Phase 1 of the study constituted an integrative literature review utilising Whittemore and Knafl’s framework. Synthesis of the literature was conducted and analysed in terms of the themes that emerged that were relevant to juvenile sex offending and desistance. Phase 2 employed a qualitative phenomenological approach to understand the lived experiences of repeat juvenile sex offenders regarding secondary desistance in a Zimbabwean juvenile prison. The data collection process involved in-depth semi-structured interviews with 11 male repeat juvenile sex offenders between the ages of 17 and 21 years. The interviews were conducted in the Shona language. The data collected from the semi-structured interviews were transcribed verbatim, coded, and analysed by the researcher vii utilising the Colaizzi method. Phase 2 revealed a lack of parental guidance, minimisation, poor social skills, poor academic achievement, alcohol, and drug misuse as perceived factors influencing sex reoffending among juvenile sex offenders. The fear of prison, hopelessness, and challenges in adapting to the new reality in prison contributed to pains of imprisonment. Predictably, the study findings further revealed a lack of an appropriate psychological rehabilitation programme targeted at intervention among juvenile sex offenders. Phase 3 of the research study involved the development of a conceptual framework from the synthesis of findings from the integrative literature review, fieldwork and six concepts of the survey list of the Dickoff, James and Wiedenbach theory. The conceptual framework was used as a basis for the development of a psychoeducational programme. Phase 4 of the research study involved the development of a Zimbabwe Adolescent Sex Offender Psychoeducational Programme as informed by the conceptual framework developed in Phase 3 for clinical assessment and intervention among juvenile sex offenders in prison. The formulated programme would be used to intervene among juvenile sex offenders in a Zimbabwean juvenile prison to assist them to have psychological, mental well-being and to enhance secondary desistance. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Chingozho, Johnson
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Sex Offender -- Zimbabwe , Prison violence
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58750 , vital:60084
- Description: Juvenile sex offending is a serious crime that represents a social dysfunction for the offender, an injury to the community and a traumatic experience for the victim. Sex offending is generally perceived to be a conscious and intentional decision. Adolescent sex offending may be attributed to emotional immaturity and faulty thinking patterns. While interventions have been developed in Western settings, it appears they have failed to reduce reoffending among juvenile sex offenders in Zimbabwe. This is attributed to a lack of a culturally responsive psychological programme developed for the Zimbabwean adolescent sex offender. The study employed a phenomenological qualitative research approach that is exploratory, descriptive and theory generative in design. The Integrated Theory of Desistance from Sex Offending (ITDSO) underpinned the research study. The ITDSO’s three temporal dimensions namely: decisive momentum, rehabilitation and reentry were instrumental in the framing of the interview questions used in fieldwork and the development of the Zimbabwe Adolescent Sex Offender Psychoeducational Programme (ZASOPP). The research study took place in four phases. Phase 1 of the study constituted an integrative literature review utilising Whittemore and Knafl’s framework. Synthesis of the literature was conducted and analysed in terms of the themes that emerged that were relevant to juvenile sex offending and desistance. Phase 2 employed a qualitative phenomenological approach to understand the lived experiences of repeat juvenile sex offenders regarding secondary desistance in a Zimbabwean juvenile prison. The data collection process involved in-depth semi-structured interviews with 11 male repeat juvenile sex offenders between the ages of 17 and 21 years. The interviews were conducted in the Shona language. The data collected from the semi-structured interviews were transcribed verbatim, coded, and analysed by the researcher vii utilising the Colaizzi method. Phase 2 revealed a lack of parental guidance, minimisation, poor social skills, poor academic achievement, alcohol, and drug misuse as perceived factors influencing sex reoffending among juvenile sex offenders. The fear of prison, hopelessness, and challenges in adapting to the new reality in prison contributed to pains of imprisonment. Predictably, the study findings further revealed a lack of an appropriate psychological rehabilitation programme targeted at intervention among juvenile sex offenders. Phase 3 of the research study involved the development of a conceptual framework from the synthesis of findings from the integrative literature review, fieldwork and six concepts of the survey list of the Dickoff, James and Wiedenbach theory. The conceptual framework was used as a basis for the development of a psychoeducational programme. Phase 4 of the research study involved the development of a Zimbabwe Adolescent Sex Offender Psychoeducational Programme as informed by the conceptual framework developed in Phase 3 for clinical assessment and intervention among juvenile sex offenders in prison. The formulated programme would be used to intervene among juvenile sex offenders in a Zimbabwean juvenile prison to assist them to have psychological, mental well-being and to enhance secondary desistance. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Health Sciences, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Re-industrialisation of the Nelson Mandela Metropole regional economy
- Authors: Sipuka, Msingathi
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Economic growth , Economic development -- Nelson Mandela
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58190 , vital:58675
- Description: The main assumption underlying this study is that structural change brings about growth and in turn translates to poverty reduction through the expansion of labour absorbing economic sectors and employment in higher productivity non-primary sectors. Since labour productivity in non-primary sectors is higher, the large-scale migration of labour out of primary activity should raise labour incomes and result in poverty reducing growth. Economic growth driven by structural change in income and employment should therefore aid and promote poverty reduction. Notwithstanding the important role of the national sphere of government in setting the industrial policy framework in the country, this research places emphasis on the role and contribution of regional economies in translating active industrial policy into implementation and development results. In South Africa the rise in poverty can be partially attributed to an economy that is not growing at the required rates needed to, among others, create the necessary employment opportunities at scale. The ability to adequately respond to these national development challenges depends on key economic regions in the country unlocking growth in several economic sectors, in particular the manufacturing sector which is described as labour-intensive and with a high multiplier effect on the economy. To this end, the capacity of regional governments working with regional stakeholders to plan, coordinate, implement and provide oversight over integrated regional industrialisation strategies and implementation plans becomes pivotal. Equally, the Nelson Mandela Metropole, which is the geographic area of focus for this study, has identified and prioritised the growth of the manufacturing sector as one of its economic priorities, reflecting its ambition of driving a programme of re-industrialisation and positioning the region as one of the country’s industrial centres. The main proposition of this study is that the Nelson Mandela Metropole, like other regional economies in the country, is not able to drive the programme of re-industrialisation. The reason for this inability is that it does not have a coherent framework of levers that are at the disposal of regional governments and regional stakeholders to design and implement a programme of re-industrialisation within the ii context of a globalised economy but that takes into consideration national peculiarities of the manufacturing sector. The fact that the regions do not have an integrated regional implementation plan for reviving the manufacturing sector creates an eco-system where there is limited coordination of the actions of different role players, in turn limiting collaboration within the region. The research has identified a gap in the literature between the two areas that impact on this study, namely, industrial development and regional economic development. The study navigates the literature across these two areas to emerge with a synthesised framework of strategic enablers for industrialisation at a regional level. These strategic enablers can be used by regional governments to develop an integrated regional framework to drive the industrialisation programme at this level. With specific reference to the Nelson Mandela Metropole, the study used a mixed methods research approach to assess regional actors’ views on the strategic enablers identified through the literature. A survey was employed to extract data from manufacturing enterprises in the region on the perceived constraints to the growth of the manufacturing sector. The quantitative data were complemented by qualitative data collected through semi-structured interviews with key regional informants. The results of the study reveal some of the general weaknesses that confront the region as it pursues regional industrialisation. Importantly, the study uses the identified regional strategic enablers to develop a framework that can be used by regional actors to design an implementation plan. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Sipuka, Msingathi
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Economic growth , Economic development -- Nelson Mandela
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/58190 , vital:58675
- Description: The main assumption underlying this study is that structural change brings about growth and in turn translates to poverty reduction through the expansion of labour absorbing economic sectors and employment in higher productivity non-primary sectors. Since labour productivity in non-primary sectors is higher, the large-scale migration of labour out of primary activity should raise labour incomes and result in poverty reducing growth. Economic growth driven by structural change in income and employment should therefore aid and promote poverty reduction. Notwithstanding the important role of the national sphere of government in setting the industrial policy framework in the country, this research places emphasis on the role and contribution of regional economies in translating active industrial policy into implementation and development results. In South Africa the rise in poverty can be partially attributed to an economy that is not growing at the required rates needed to, among others, create the necessary employment opportunities at scale. The ability to adequately respond to these national development challenges depends on key economic regions in the country unlocking growth in several economic sectors, in particular the manufacturing sector which is described as labour-intensive and with a high multiplier effect on the economy. To this end, the capacity of regional governments working with regional stakeholders to plan, coordinate, implement and provide oversight over integrated regional industrialisation strategies and implementation plans becomes pivotal. Equally, the Nelson Mandela Metropole, which is the geographic area of focus for this study, has identified and prioritised the growth of the manufacturing sector as one of its economic priorities, reflecting its ambition of driving a programme of re-industrialisation and positioning the region as one of the country’s industrial centres. The main proposition of this study is that the Nelson Mandela Metropole, like other regional economies in the country, is not able to drive the programme of re-industrialisation. The reason for this inability is that it does not have a coherent framework of levers that are at the disposal of regional governments and regional stakeholders to design and implement a programme of re-industrialisation within the ii context of a globalised economy but that takes into consideration national peculiarities of the manufacturing sector. The fact that the regions do not have an integrated regional implementation plan for reviving the manufacturing sector creates an eco-system where there is limited coordination of the actions of different role players, in turn limiting collaboration within the region. The research has identified a gap in the literature between the two areas that impact on this study, namely, industrial development and regional economic development. The study navigates the literature across these two areas to emerge with a synthesised framework of strategic enablers for industrialisation at a regional level. These strategic enablers can be used by regional governments to develop an integrated regional framework to drive the industrialisation programme at this level. With specific reference to the Nelson Mandela Metropole, the study used a mixed methods research approach to assess regional actors’ views on the strategic enablers identified through the literature. A survey was employed to extract data from manufacturing enterprises in the region on the perceived constraints to the growth of the manufacturing sector. The quantitative data were complemented by qualitative data collected through semi-structured interviews with key regional informants. The results of the study reveal some of the general weaknesses that confront the region as it pursues regional industrialisation. Importantly, the study uses the identified regional strategic enablers to develop a framework that can be used by regional actors to design an implementation plan. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
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