“Culture” as an Agent of Societal Regeneration: A Study of Selected Dramatic Literature by Soyinka, Osofisan and Rotimi
- Authors: Megbowon, Funmilola Kemi
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Literature English drama
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/15826 , vital:40530
- Description: Contemporary Yoruba society is laden with the burden of diverse societal misconducts and perversions which are seen to be entrenched in the fabric of the individuals’ daily lives and the society. These misconducts have alarming patterns and worrisome future implications. In this study, it is argued that while all-round forward progress is essential in a society, a simultaneous disconnect with some conventional and traditional element stimulates these aforementioned delinquencies. This therefore calls for societal regeneration of the contemporary Yoruba society in view of achieving a sustainable future. The study further argued that societal regeneration could only be achieved by looking backward into some indigenous cultural elements that made the traditional society a relatively non-perverted society. This argument is presented by examining contemporary dramatic works by Nigerian playwrights whose writings are done in the light of the past. Their works are imperatives because literature is viewed as one of the means of preserving and educating the society of their history, culture and beliefs, and also mirroring the present and projecting into the future. Specifically, the objectives of this study are: 1) To evaluate the levels of cultural and moral values in contemporary Yoruba Society; 2) To examine the key moral and cultural paradigms of the traditional Yoruba tribe of Nigeria; 3) To examine the position of the writers as vanguard of moral and cultural values in contemporary and future Nigerian Society; 4) To examine challenges that arise against their efforts to resuscitate traditional morals and culture among the Yoruba people of Nigeria. These objectives were achieved using textual and interpretative analytical procedures in the texts written by Soyinka, Osofisan and Rotimi. These texts which includeThe Swamp Dwellers, Death and the King’s Horseman, The Trials of Brother vi Jero, The Women of Owu, Kurunmi and The Gods are not to Blame, are all examined within the context of postcolonial theory. The historical endowment of examined playwrights motivated their desire to assert their cultural identity and to preserve their traditional values. The playwrights reflect common concern of the need to appreciate and where necessary to retain traditional cultural values as well as the need to rid society of those traditions that hinder human and society's growth. Each author approaches these concerns from a cultural perspective, they emphasise the rationality and need of establishing their national identity, thereby stressing the importance of traditional values in the process. In a society like the Yoruba where each segment has been affected by extended agents of colonisation, the hope of restoration also lies in the hand of the playwrights who have constantly emphasised through their writings the role of the essentials of Yoruba culture in societal development. The examination of the key moral and cultural paradigms of the traditional Yoruba people of Nigeria, which is objective two of this thesis, is presented within the context of each of the six selected texts. They are discussed in Chapters three to five of the study with respect to each of the authors of the play and the identified relevant sociocultural issues. From the examined literary texts, it is seen that the traditional Yoruba moral and cultural paradigms are distinctive and diverse. Some of these key paradigms represented in the texts include religious practices, language, clothing, respect for elders, chastity before marriage, marriage, justice, marital fidelity, hard work, and leadership accountability. All these key paradigms centre on interpersonal relationships and communal interaction together with the irreplaceable position of the vii gods which are observed to have been imperative in the workings of the traditional Yoruba society, making it a less perverse one. In Chapter six, inferences on the inferred pivotal position of playwright as vanguard of indigenous culture and the conflicts that arise against playwrights’ efforts to resuscitate a moral culture in the Yoruba society of Nigeria which are the objectives three and four of the study are explored. It is identified in the chapter that the battle for lost identity and cultural values is being fought on numerous fronts. Some of the key issues identified as confronting and silencing playwrights’ influences in the society include evolving diversities in ideologies, education, technology, the entertainment industry, and urbanisation. This study recommends the necessity of looking into the economic, social, and cultural development of the Yoruba people in the process of cultural recovery via dramatic literary writings and presentations. The playwrights should use their knowledge to spur the people into action, and foster through his writings the hope of a better future. The playwrights are not only responsible to their national culture, but to the nation as a whole, whose culture is, after all, but one aspect. This is also believed to be relevant in the fight against several social anomalies in the African community, thereby aiding the continent’s development
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Megbowon, Funmilola Kemi
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Literature English drama
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/15826 , vital:40530
- Description: Contemporary Yoruba society is laden with the burden of diverse societal misconducts and perversions which are seen to be entrenched in the fabric of the individuals’ daily lives and the society. These misconducts have alarming patterns and worrisome future implications. In this study, it is argued that while all-round forward progress is essential in a society, a simultaneous disconnect with some conventional and traditional element stimulates these aforementioned delinquencies. This therefore calls for societal regeneration of the contemporary Yoruba society in view of achieving a sustainable future. The study further argued that societal regeneration could only be achieved by looking backward into some indigenous cultural elements that made the traditional society a relatively non-perverted society. This argument is presented by examining contemporary dramatic works by Nigerian playwrights whose writings are done in the light of the past. Their works are imperatives because literature is viewed as one of the means of preserving and educating the society of their history, culture and beliefs, and also mirroring the present and projecting into the future. Specifically, the objectives of this study are: 1) To evaluate the levels of cultural and moral values in contemporary Yoruba Society; 2) To examine the key moral and cultural paradigms of the traditional Yoruba tribe of Nigeria; 3) To examine the position of the writers as vanguard of moral and cultural values in contemporary and future Nigerian Society; 4) To examine challenges that arise against their efforts to resuscitate traditional morals and culture among the Yoruba people of Nigeria. These objectives were achieved using textual and interpretative analytical procedures in the texts written by Soyinka, Osofisan and Rotimi. These texts which includeThe Swamp Dwellers, Death and the King’s Horseman, The Trials of Brother vi Jero, The Women of Owu, Kurunmi and The Gods are not to Blame, are all examined within the context of postcolonial theory. The historical endowment of examined playwrights motivated their desire to assert their cultural identity and to preserve their traditional values. The playwrights reflect common concern of the need to appreciate and where necessary to retain traditional cultural values as well as the need to rid society of those traditions that hinder human and society's growth. Each author approaches these concerns from a cultural perspective, they emphasise the rationality and need of establishing their national identity, thereby stressing the importance of traditional values in the process. In a society like the Yoruba where each segment has been affected by extended agents of colonisation, the hope of restoration also lies in the hand of the playwrights who have constantly emphasised through their writings the role of the essentials of Yoruba culture in societal development. The examination of the key moral and cultural paradigms of the traditional Yoruba people of Nigeria, which is objective two of this thesis, is presented within the context of each of the six selected texts. They are discussed in Chapters three to five of the study with respect to each of the authors of the play and the identified relevant sociocultural issues. From the examined literary texts, it is seen that the traditional Yoruba moral and cultural paradigms are distinctive and diverse. Some of these key paradigms represented in the texts include religious practices, language, clothing, respect for elders, chastity before marriage, marriage, justice, marital fidelity, hard work, and leadership accountability. All these key paradigms centre on interpersonal relationships and communal interaction together with the irreplaceable position of the vii gods which are observed to have been imperative in the workings of the traditional Yoruba society, making it a less perverse one. In Chapter six, inferences on the inferred pivotal position of playwright as vanguard of indigenous culture and the conflicts that arise against playwrights’ efforts to resuscitate a moral culture in the Yoruba society of Nigeria which are the objectives three and four of the study are explored. It is identified in the chapter that the battle for lost identity and cultural values is being fought on numerous fronts. Some of the key issues identified as confronting and silencing playwrights’ influences in the society include evolving diversities in ideologies, education, technology, the entertainment industry, and urbanisation. This study recommends the necessity of looking into the economic, social, and cultural development of the Yoruba people in the process of cultural recovery via dramatic literary writings and presentations. The playwrights should use their knowledge to spur the people into action, and foster through his writings the hope of a better future. The playwrights are not only responsible to their national culture, but to the nation as a whole, whose culture is, after all, but one aspect. This is also believed to be relevant in the fight against several social anomalies in the African community, thereby aiding the continent’s development
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
“Attitudes of community members on the professional behaviour displayed by nurses towards their clients in Mnquma Local Municipality, Dutywa
- Authors: Bomela, Nobantu
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Nursing ethics
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSW
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16199 , vital:40695
- Description: This study explored the attitudes of community members on the professional behaviour displayed by nurses towards their clients in Dutywa location of Mnquma local Municipality, Eastern Cape. The study endeavoured to achieve the following specific objectives: (i) to explore the community members’ perceptions towards the professional behaviour displayed by nurses towards their clients; (ii) to establish the community members’ perceptions on the impact of nurses’ professional behaviour towards the healing of patients; and lastly (iii) to establish strategies to enhance the nurses’ positive professional behaviour towards their clients. The study was premised on Socio-Ecological Model. Methodologically, the study used both qualitative and quantitative paradigm and was thus guided by mixed research designs, which were a case study and a mini survey. The data was collected through in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions in the qualitative aspect of the study. In addition, the quantitative data was gathered through the use of questionnaires. The study used both nonprobability and probability methods of sample selection. Specifically, purposive sampling for qualitative sample and cluster random sampling for quantitative sample was used. Using these techniques, ten (10) participants were selected for qualitative individual interviews, and two focus groups which comprised of five (5) members for each group. Furthermore, questionnaires were (30) individual respondents. Qualitative data was analysed using content thematic analysis, while descriptive statistics was used to analyse quantitative data. The study revealed the following: maltreatment of patients by the nurses; nurses’ behaviour revealed professional deficit; nurses manifested bias in treating their patients; the phenomenon of patients being arrogant and impulsive, negative v treatment dissuades patients from visiting the health-care services and a need for more training or holding workshops for in patient-nurse relationship. Based on the evidence gathered in this study, the following recommendations were made: nurses should revisit their nurses’ code of conduct; improving communication between both the nurses and the clients; and lastly increasing of staff members in the clinic. The study concluded that patient abuse has a long-standing history that can be traced back to ancient times, which is mostly common against women and children, in most cases; the client is often vulnerable because the nurse has more power than the client. Moreover, the nurse has influence, access to information, and specialized knowledge and skills, of which that alone can lead to the nurses mistreating their patients.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Bomela, Nobantu
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: Nursing ethics
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSW
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/16199 , vital:40695
- Description: This study explored the attitudes of community members on the professional behaviour displayed by nurses towards their clients in Dutywa location of Mnquma local Municipality, Eastern Cape. The study endeavoured to achieve the following specific objectives: (i) to explore the community members’ perceptions towards the professional behaviour displayed by nurses towards their clients; (ii) to establish the community members’ perceptions on the impact of nurses’ professional behaviour towards the healing of patients; and lastly (iii) to establish strategies to enhance the nurses’ positive professional behaviour towards their clients. The study was premised on Socio-Ecological Model. Methodologically, the study used both qualitative and quantitative paradigm and was thus guided by mixed research designs, which were a case study and a mini survey. The data was collected through in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions in the qualitative aspect of the study. In addition, the quantitative data was gathered through the use of questionnaires. The study used both nonprobability and probability methods of sample selection. Specifically, purposive sampling for qualitative sample and cluster random sampling for quantitative sample was used. Using these techniques, ten (10) participants were selected for qualitative individual interviews, and two focus groups which comprised of five (5) members for each group. Furthermore, questionnaires were (30) individual respondents. Qualitative data was analysed using content thematic analysis, while descriptive statistics was used to analyse quantitative data. The study revealed the following: maltreatment of patients by the nurses; nurses’ behaviour revealed professional deficit; nurses manifested bias in treating their patients; the phenomenon of patients being arrogant and impulsive, negative v treatment dissuades patients from visiting the health-care services and a need for more training or holding workshops for in patient-nurse relationship. Based on the evidence gathered in this study, the following recommendations were made: nurses should revisit their nurses’ code of conduct; improving communication between both the nurses and the clients; and lastly increasing of staff members in the clinic. The study concluded that patient abuse has a long-standing history that can be traced back to ancient times, which is mostly common against women and children, in most cases; the client is often vulnerable because the nurse has more power than the client. Moreover, the nurse has influence, access to information, and specialized knowledge and skills, of which that alone can lead to the nurses mistreating their patients.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
“A criminological study on the effectiveness of Environmental Design towards crime prevention: A case study of Thohoyandou Central Business District under Thulamela Local Municipality in Vhembe District, Limpopo Province
- Muvhango, Khathutshelo Moses
- Authors: Muvhango, Khathutshelo Moses
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Crime prevention
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc (Criminology)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18209 , vital:42242
- Description: The main aim of this study was to explore the effectiveness of Environmental Design as method of Crime Prevention. It was carried out in Thohoyandou Central Business District under Thulamela Local Municipality in Vhembe District in Limpopo Province. The qualitative research approach, with non-probability sampling methods, was used in this study. Semi-structured interviews were used as data collection instruments in this study. The study employed thematic data analysis method to generate the findings from the data collected. In this study the researcher used the situational crime theory and the crime pattern theory. The study revealed many challenges hindering the effectiveness of Environmental Design as crime prevention method in Thulamela Local Municipality. The researcher discovered that most of the people are ignorant of where surveillance systems can be found. The study further concludes that though security/help was near, there was need for more police officers within the CBD of Thohoyandou. The areas also need more police posts, bumps and police patrols. Unnecessary security features hinder movement and relaxation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Muvhango, Khathutshelo Moses
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Crime prevention
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc (Criminology)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18209 , vital:42242
- Description: The main aim of this study was to explore the effectiveness of Environmental Design as method of Crime Prevention. It was carried out in Thohoyandou Central Business District under Thulamela Local Municipality in Vhembe District in Limpopo Province. The qualitative research approach, with non-probability sampling methods, was used in this study. Semi-structured interviews were used as data collection instruments in this study. The study employed thematic data analysis method to generate the findings from the data collected. In this study the researcher used the situational crime theory and the crime pattern theory. The study revealed many challenges hindering the effectiveness of Environmental Design as crime prevention method in Thulamela Local Municipality. The researcher discovered that most of the people are ignorant of where surveillance systems can be found. The study further concludes that though security/help was near, there was need for more police officers within the CBD of Thohoyandou. The areas also need more police posts, bumps and police patrols. Unnecessary security features hinder movement and relaxation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
‘The Perceptions of Marginalization by the Ndebele people and its Impact on the Socio-Political Economy of Zimbabwe. A Case of Bulawayo
- Authors: Ndlovu, Bekithemba
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: International organization
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc (Political Science)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18233 , vital:42244
- Description: The study set out to investigate the perceptions of marginalisation by the Ndebele people and its impact on the socio-political economy of Bulawayo. The study is based on both primary and secondary sources of data. In-depth interviews, focus group discussions and questionnaires formed the main sources of primary data. A review of journal articles and books were the main sources of secondary data. The study found out that perceptions of marginalisation among the study group were attributed to lack of employment, poor services, and history of violence, among others. The findings also reveal that the impact of perceived marginalisation of the Ndebele people include rise in levels of crime, abandonment of language, emigration and radicalism. The study recommends the decentralization of the Zimbabwean government and a national dialogue on the Gukurahundi
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Ndlovu, Bekithemba
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: International organization
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc (Political Science)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18233 , vital:42244
- Description: The study set out to investigate the perceptions of marginalisation by the Ndebele people and its impact on the socio-political economy of Bulawayo. The study is based on both primary and secondary sources of data. In-depth interviews, focus group discussions and questionnaires formed the main sources of primary data. A review of journal articles and books were the main sources of secondary data. The study found out that perceptions of marginalisation among the study group were attributed to lack of employment, poor services, and history of violence, among others. The findings also reveal that the impact of perceived marginalisation of the Ndebele people include rise in levels of crime, abandonment of language, emigration and radicalism. The study recommends the decentralization of the Zimbabwean government and a national dialogue on the Gukurahundi
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
ZIMBABWE’S LIBERATION STRUGGLE: A CRITICAL DECADE OF THE ZIMBABWE AFRICAN NATIONAL UNION (ZANU)’S GUERRILLA WAR, 1970-1980
- Dzimbanhete, Jephias Andrew (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7648-8722)
- Authors: Dzimbanhete, Jephias Andrew (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7648-8722)
- Date: 2011-01
- Subjects: National Liberation Movements -- Zimbabwe , Guerillas , Zimbabwe -- History -- Chimurenga
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23315 , vital:57048
- Description: This study offers a comprehensive examination of the Zimbabwean war of independence depicting the mobilisation of forces of liberation against an intransigent colonial Rhodesian settler state during a critical decade of the 1970s. Its introductory outline presents a broad historical context to the decolonisation processes in Africa. It also introduces the two liberation movements that drove the war of independence, and these revolved around the Zimbabwe African People’s Union (ZAPU) and the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU). The empirical chapters of the thesis narrow the focus to the main research subject, that explain the ZANU’s guerrilla warfare and how that was launched under the military wing of the Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army (ZANLA). The study looks, particularly on how and why that formation assembled groundswell support and generated pervasive intelligence to operate relentlessly against the Rhodesian colonial government resulting in a compromised independence in 1980. In addition to a wide-ranging survey of literature that deals with the Zimbabwean war of independence, the production of this thesis is thoroughly grounded on empirical methods that hinge on archival research and oral testimonies. The study breaks new ground in outlining the various facets and different phases of the Zimbabwean liberation war. It reveals that the liberation fighters were not merely provided with arms and deployed to fight the Rhodesian army. Rather they underwent a methodical process, which comprised recruitment, extensive training and fundamental political education. This re-represents an alternative narrative or even eccentric paradigm to that persistently presented within the conventional Zimbabwean liberation war historiography. The thesis breaks further new ground in discussing the complex nature of how intelligence gathering and propaganda uses were also centrally linked to the cooperation of or assistance from the various segments of the colonial African society. Its empirical chapters outline the various actions undertaken by the various groups and individuals, the language they adopted in expressing themselves and the convivial connections between them and the guerrilla fighters in the countryside as the war front expanded within the home boundaries. Chapters also explore in greater detail how the liberation movement bred the complex relation and contestation between the political formation of ZANU and its military wing, ZANLA. The uneven power relations between these two formations somehow dictated the course and the outcome of the liberation war. As a result a constitutional settlement or military victory became the two options by which the Rhodesian question could be resolved in the later 1970s. As it turned out, attempts to seek a constitutional solution became a feature of diplomatic dimensions of the postcolonial Rhodesian political landscape. The study concludes with the latter point. , Thesis (PHD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2011
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011-01
- Authors: Dzimbanhete, Jephias Andrew (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7648-8722)
- Date: 2011-01
- Subjects: National Liberation Movements -- Zimbabwe , Guerillas , Zimbabwe -- History -- Chimurenga
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/23315 , vital:57048
- Description: This study offers a comprehensive examination of the Zimbabwean war of independence depicting the mobilisation of forces of liberation against an intransigent colonial Rhodesian settler state during a critical decade of the 1970s. Its introductory outline presents a broad historical context to the decolonisation processes in Africa. It also introduces the two liberation movements that drove the war of independence, and these revolved around the Zimbabwe African People’s Union (ZAPU) and the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU). The empirical chapters of the thesis narrow the focus to the main research subject, that explain the ZANU’s guerrilla warfare and how that was launched under the military wing of the Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army (ZANLA). The study looks, particularly on how and why that formation assembled groundswell support and generated pervasive intelligence to operate relentlessly against the Rhodesian colonial government resulting in a compromised independence in 1980. In addition to a wide-ranging survey of literature that deals with the Zimbabwean war of independence, the production of this thesis is thoroughly grounded on empirical methods that hinge on archival research and oral testimonies. The study breaks new ground in outlining the various facets and different phases of the Zimbabwean liberation war. It reveals that the liberation fighters were not merely provided with arms and deployed to fight the Rhodesian army. Rather they underwent a methodical process, which comprised recruitment, extensive training and fundamental political education. This re-represents an alternative narrative or even eccentric paradigm to that persistently presented within the conventional Zimbabwean liberation war historiography. The thesis breaks further new ground in discussing the complex nature of how intelligence gathering and propaganda uses were also centrally linked to the cooperation of or assistance from the various segments of the colonial African society. Its empirical chapters outline the various actions undertaken by the various groups and individuals, the language they adopted in expressing themselves and the convivial connections between them and the guerrilla fighters in the countryside as the war front expanded within the home boundaries. Chapters also explore in greater detail how the liberation movement bred the complex relation and contestation between the political formation of ZANU and its military wing, ZANLA. The uneven power relations between these two formations somehow dictated the course and the outcome of the liberation war. As a result a constitutional settlement or military victory became the two options by which the Rhodesian question could be resolved in the later 1970s. As it turned out, attempts to seek a constitutional solution became a feature of diplomatic dimensions of the postcolonial Rhodesian political landscape. The study concludes with the latter point. , Thesis (PHD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2011
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011-01
Youth crime and the rehabilitation of youth caught up in criminal activities: the case of Alice town and surrounding areas
- Authors: Mdoyi, Ziyatandwa
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Crime -- Sociological aspects Juvenile delinquency
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc (Sociology)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18186 , vital:42240
- Description: iv ABSTRACT The nucleus of this study is youth crime and the rehabilitation of the youth caught up in criminal activities. Conducted in Alice in the Eastern Cape, South Africa, this study scrutinized youth crime prevention techniques utilized in Alice and surrounding areas, and it established their efficacy. The study investigated the elements of rehabilitation available for young offenders in this area. With the social control theory, the structural strain theory and the risk-needs-responsivity guiding this study, the findings revealed that loss of control by conventional institutions, strains that individuals experience and inadequate rehabilitation are determinants of youth crime in and around Alice. With lack of resources as well as inconsistent and inadequate application of these programs, efficacy in minimizing and preventing youth crime proves to be low. At some point in the past, communities had effective diversion programs for the youth but these were no longer practiced. Findings revealed that the root causes of youth crime in this area include poor economic background, youth unemployment, broken families, peer pressure and substance abuse among other causes. Prevention programs do not correspond to the actual causes of crime, and, as such, youth crime prevention programs will not achieve efficacy until they address root causes. On the other hand, rehabilitation is of great importance to achieving minimal youth crime rates. The findings revealed that imprisonment is the only source of rehabilitation for young offenders in Alice, and that it yields positive results, albeit for a short period. This is due to neglect of the causes of crime and utilizing general prevention and rehabilitation. The environment into which the young offenders are placed after v socioeconomic status, unemployment, peer pressure and drug abuse. These result in strains that drive young people to committing crime; consequently, engagement in youth crime leads to loss of social control and it becomes an on-going cycle. The risk-needs-responsivity model emphasizes constructing rehabilitative treatment based on the risk the individual poses to society, including the likelihood to reoffend, the offender‟s needs that might lead the individual to deviant ways of achieving them, and the environment into which the individual is exposed. The study adopted a mixed-methods approach. To obtain qualitative data, the researcher made use of 5 focus group discussions each comprising at least 6 members of the community, in-depth interviews with 15 young offenders who had experience with the justice system, and an in-depth interview with the chief community policing officer of the Alice town police department. For the attainment of quantitative data, questionnaires were administered to 100 community members with 61 usable questionnaires upon retrieval. Qualitative data was analysed using the thematic analysis technique while the quantitative data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software. In view of the theoretical framework, weak social bonds and ties to family, school and society at large play a role in the engagement of youth in criminal activities. This spawns a loss of control to some extent and, due to this, individuals will experience strain as they have abandoned genuine ways of attaining needs and achieving goals, in this case adopting new illegitimate ways of meeting their needs. This calls for rehabilitation that is tailored specifically for the offender: treatment that addresses the risk the offender poses to society; needs of the offender that may lead to reoffending; the social context and the role it is anticipated to play once the offender gets out of rehabilitation. The key is who to target, what to target and how to target it. vi The study concludes that in order to make crime prevention techniques effective, the first step is addressing the root causes of youth crime given that general techniques have been used and indicate no efficacy due to the neglecting of the social context when arriving at problem solving techniques. These become unbeneficial as they attempt to control crime without getting rid of the causes of crime. Rehabilitation should be directly proportional to offender risk and needs. Specific rehabilitation that is determined by offender risk and needs should be practiced for the achievement of long-term rehabilitation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Mdoyi, Ziyatandwa
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Crime -- Sociological aspects Juvenile delinquency
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc (Sociology)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18186 , vital:42240
- Description: iv ABSTRACT The nucleus of this study is youth crime and the rehabilitation of the youth caught up in criminal activities. Conducted in Alice in the Eastern Cape, South Africa, this study scrutinized youth crime prevention techniques utilized in Alice and surrounding areas, and it established their efficacy. The study investigated the elements of rehabilitation available for young offenders in this area. With the social control theory, the structural strain theory and the risk-needs-responsivity guiding this study, the findings revealed that loss of control by conventional institutions, strains that individuals experience and inadequate rehabilitation are determinants of youth crime in and around Alice. With lack of resources as well as inconsistent and inadequate application of these programs, efficacy in minimizing and preventing youth crime proves to be low. At some point in the past, communities had effective diversion programs for the youth but these were no longer practiced. Findings revealed that the root causes of youth crime in this area include poor economic background, youth unemployment, broken families, peer pressure and substance abuse among other causes. Prevention programs do not correspond to the actual causes of crime, and, as such, youth crime prevention programs will not achieve efficacy until they address root causes. On the other hand, rehabilitation is of great importance to achieving minimal youth crime rates. The findings revealed that imprisonment is the only source of rehabilitation for young offenders in Alice, and that it yields positive results, albeit for a short period. This is due to neglect of the causes of crime and utilizing general prevention and rehabilitation. The environment into which the young offenders are placed after v socioeconomic status, unemployment, peer pressure and drug abuse. These result in strains that drive young people to committing crime; consequently, engagement in youth crime leads to loss of social control and it becomes an on-going cycle. The risk-needs-responsivity model emphasizes constructing rehabilitative treatment based on the risk the individual poses to society, including the likelihood to reoffend, the offender‟s needs that might lead the individual to deviant ways of achieving them, and the environment into which the individual is exposed. The study adopted a mixed-methods approach. To obtain qualitative data, the researcher made use of 5 focus group discussions each comprising at least 6 members of the community, in-depth interviews with 15 young offenders who had experience with the justice system, and an in-depth interview with the chief community policing officer of the Alice town police department. For the attainment of quantitative data, questionnaires were administered to 100 community members with 61 usable questionnaires upon retrieval. Qualitative data was analysed using the thematic analysis technique while the quantitative data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software. In view of the theoretical framework, weak social bonds and ties to family, school and society at large play a role in the engagement of youth in criminal activities. This spawns a loss of control to some extent and, due to this, individuals will experience strain as they have abandoned genuine ways of attaining needs and achieving goals, in this case adopting new illegitimate ways of meeting their needs. This calls for rehabilitation that is tailored specifically for the offender: treatment that addresses the risk the offender poses to society; needs of the offender that may lead to reoffending; the social context and the role it is anticipated to play once the offender gets out of rehabilitation. The key is who to target, what to target and how to target it. vi The study concludes that in order to make crime prevention techniques effective, the first step is addressing the root causes of youth crime given that general techniques have been used and indicate no efficacy due to the neglecting of the social context when arriving at problem solving techniques. These become unbeneficial as they attempt to control crime without getting rid of the causes of crime. Rehabilitation should be directly proportional to offender risk and needs. Specific rehabilitation that is determined by offender risk and needs should be practiced for the achievement of long-term rehabilitation.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Youth and Gang Violence in South Africa: An Intended or Unintended Outcome of Institutional Systems
- Ndhlovu, Gretchen Nokukhanya
- Authors: Ndhlovu, Gretchen Nokukhanya
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Gangs Juvenile delinquency Youth
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD (Social Work)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18041 , vital:42009
- Description: The issue of youth and gang violence in South Africa is not just an issue of crime, neither is it an issue of a violent and lost generation. It is about the struggle to have a normal life, a struggle for inclusion in mainstream society. Gang violence is, therefore, a result of the way in which essential institutional systems operate in the country, it is a social ill caused by weak and skewed institutional systems, which manifest in unequal access to resources and rights and the African youth of South Africa have been hardest hit. The focus of this study was to explore the intricate link between gang violence and institutional systems. The study specifically sought to examine how four specific institutional systems (the availability and management of resources, organisation of work and production, distribution of rights and responsibilities and processes of governance) have intentionally or unintentionally contributed to the escalation of gang violence in the country. The theoretical frameworks adopted are the social exclusion theory and the unanticipated consequences of purposive social action theory. The study was conducted in the African townships of Bophelong in Gauteng and Nyanga in the Western Cape. It adopted an exploratory qualitative approach for its ability to offer the researcher a platform to explore the experiences of both the youth and informants in detail. Data was collected through focus group discussions and faceto-face interviews. Tesch’s (1990) method of data analysis was used because of its explorative nature suitable for capturing qualitative data. Findings show that the issue of youth and gang violence in marginalised African communities is a social problem perpetuated by institutional systems. It was learned that institutional role players have neither developed nor sustained systems for the creation or management of resources used by marginalised township (ekasi) people vii for development, growth, empowerment and recreation. From the findings, it was learned that while other people in the country are going through various development challenges, young African township (ekasi) people are going through a crisis. Consequently, gangs have stepped in to serve as role players, filling the role that government and civil society is supposed to fill. Findings also show that youth are excluded from the socio-economic activities of the country and are pushed into the illicit economy. Overall, it was found that the socio-economic context, which the African youth in Bophelong and Nyanga found themselves in, is dire, further pushing them into a life of crime in order to meet their needs as well as those of their families. It was found that the structurally violent institutional systems have consequently given birth to a violent society. Therefore, youth gangs are an outcome of these violent institutional systems. The study concludes that the issue of youth and gang violence is both an intended and unintended outcome of institutional systems. It established that the quality of life of young people is affected by processes concerning the management of resources, organisation of work and production, distribution of rights and responsibilities as well as processes of governance. The study recommends that due to the multifaceted and complex nature of youth and gangs in African townships like Bophelong and Nyanga, priority should be placed on basic human needs and realities. This entails poverty eradication, creating employment/production opportunities, equal distribution of rights, good governance as well as effective and efficient management of resources that youth need and use for development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Ndhlovu, Gretchen Nokukhanya
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Gangs Juvenile delinquency Youth
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD (Social Work)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18041 , vital:42009
- Description: The issue of youth and gang violence in South Africa is not just an issue of crime, neither is it an issue of a violent and lost generation. It is about the struggle to have a normal life, a struggle for inclusion in mainstream society. Gang violence is, therefore, a result of the way in which essential institutional systems operate in the country, it is a social ill caused by weak and skewed institutional systems, which manifest in unequal access to resources and rights and the African youth of South Africa have been hardest hit. The focus of this study was to explore the intricate link between gang violence and institutional systems. The study specifically sought to examine how four specific institutional systems (the availability and management of resources, organisation of work and production, distribution of rights and responsibilities and processes of governance) have intentionally or unintentionally contributed to the escalation of gang violence in the country. The theoretical frameworks adopted are the social exclusion theory and the unanticipated consequences of purposive social action theory. The study was conducted in the African townships of Bophelong in Gauteng and Nyanga in the Western Cape. It adopted an exploratory qualitative approach for its ability to offer the researcher a platform to explore the experiences of both the youth and informants in detail. Data was collected through focus group discussions and faceto-face interviews. Tesch’s (1990) method of data analysis was used because of its explorative nature suitable for capturing qualitative data. Findings show that the issue of youth and gang violence in marginalised African communities is a social problem perpetuated by institutional systems. It was learned that institutional role players have neither developed nor sustained systems for the creation or management of resources used by marginalised township (ekasi) people vii for development, growth, empowerment and recreation. From the findings, it was learned that while other people in the country are going through various development challenges, young African township (ekasi) people are going through a crisis. Consequently, gangs have stepped in to serve as role players, filling the role that government and civil society is supposed to fill. Findings also show that youth are excluded from the socio-economic activities of the country and are pushed into the illicit economy. Overall, it was found that the socio-economic context, which the African youth in Bophelong and Nyanga found themselves in, is dire, further pushing them into a life of crime in order to meet their needs as well as those of their families. It was found that the structurally violent institutional systems have consequently given birth to a violent society. Therefore, youth gangs are an outcome of these violent institutional systems. The study concludes that the issue of youth and gang violence is both an intended and unintended outcome of institutional systems. It established that the quality of life of young people is affected by processes concerning the management of resources, organisation of work and production, distribution of rights and responsibilities as well as processes of governance. The study recommends that due to the multifaceted and complex nature of youth and gangs in African townships like Bophelong and Nyanga, priority should be placed on basic human needs and realities. This entails poverty eradication, creating employment/production opportunities, equal distribution of rights, good governance as well as effective and efficient management of resources that youth need and use for development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Witchcraft beliefs and fears in Malawi: an ethical-theological inquiry within the Church of Central Africa Presbyterian Blantyre Synod
- Authors: Chimenya, Austin Elias
- Date: 2015-06
- Subjects: Witchcraft -- Malawi , Presbyterian Church
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25633 , vital:64345
- Description: Witchcraft beliefs and fear has been a problem for many years in many societies throughout the world. This problem mainly affect old, women and children as they are mostly accused of witchcraft practice in many societies. Witchcraft beliefs and fear is a major problem in Africa as compared to Europe and America. Although Malawi boasts of over 75% of Christians, but witchcraft beliefs and fear still poses a big challenge. There are so many factors that contribute to witchcraft beliefs and fear in Malawi. Some of the major factors include; cultural factors, legal factors, religious factors, social factors and economic factors. This study aimed at establishing a theological and ethical approach to witchcraft beliefs and fear within the Church of Central Africa Presbyterian (CCAP) Blantyre Synod in Malawi. The study established that old people particularly women and the children largely are the victims of witchcraft accusations in Malawi. This revealed that these victimised people needs security support, spiritual support, economic support, legal support as well as social support. The study also established that those that were victimised due to witchcraft accusations are stigmatized by the society and the church as well. As a result of this, there has been unnecessary loss of lives and property. Further, those that are stigmatized have resorted to stop going to church. The problem of witchcraft beliefs and fear has influenced other people to be involved mob justice against the suspected witches. Although the society has used other means to stop witchcraft beliefs and fear but it has failed to end the problem. The church has also used disciplining those suspected to be practising witchcraft among other ways but no solution came out of the problem. As a result, gossip, hatred, loss of trust, un-forgiveness spirit continued to prevail. The data for this research came up with major themes as; cultural, social, religious, legal and economic problems. There was interviews from fifty individuals who were full members of CCAP Blantyre Synod in Malawi from the Presbyteries of Mulanje and Blantyre City with the purpose of getting views from rural and urban areas within the church. In order to minimise or end the problem of witchcraft beliefs and fear, the study came up with other ways as follows: Sound Biblical teaching is needed, Deliverance prayers should be introduced in the church, Building effective Sunday schools, intensifying counselling, lobbying Malawi Parliament to amend the Witchcraft Act and Provide financial support. , Thesis (M.Th) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2015
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015-06
- Authors: Chimenya, Austin Elias
- Date: 2015-06
- Subjects: Witchcraft -- Malawi , Presbyterian Church
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25633 , vital:64345
- Description: Witchcraft beliefs and fear has been a problem for many years in many societies throughout the world. This problem mainly affect old, women and children as they are mostly accused of witchcraft practice in many societies. Witchcraft beliefs and fear is a major problem in Africa as compared to Europe and America. Although Malawi boasts of over 75% of Christians, but witchcraft beliefs and fear still poses a big challenge. There are so many factors that contribute to witchcraft beliefs and fear in Malawi. Some of the major factors include; cultural factors, legal factors, religious factors, social factors and economic factors. This study aimed at establishing a theological and ethical approach to witchcraft beliefs and fear within the Church of Central Africa Presbyterian (CCAP) Blantyre Synod in Malawi. The study established that old people particularly women and the children largely are the victims of witchcraft accusations in Malawi. This revealed that these victimised people needs security support, spiritual support, economic support, legal support as well as social support. The study also established that those that were victimised due to witchcraft accusations are stigmatized by the society and the church as well. As a result of this, there has been unnecessary loss of lives and property. Further, those that are stigmatized have resorted to stop going to church. The problem of witchcraft beliefs and fear has influenced other people to be involved mob justice against the suspected witches. Although the society has used other means to stop witchcraft beliefs and fear but it has failed to end the problem. The church has also used disciplining those suspected to be practising witchcraft among other ways but no solution came out of the problem. As a result, gossip, hatred, loss of trust, un-forgiveness spirit continued to prevail. The data for this research came up with major themes as; cultural, social, religious, legal and economic problems. There was interviews from fifty individuals who were full members of CCAP Blantyre Synod in Malawi from the Presbyteries of Mulanje and Blantyre City with the purpose of getting views from rural and urban areas within the church. In order to minimise or end the problem of witchcraft beliefs and fear, the study came up with other ways as follows: Sound Biblical teaching is needed, Deliverance prayers should be introduced in the church, Building effective Sunday schools, intensifying counselling, lobbying Malawi Parliament to amend the Witchcraft Act and Provide financial support. , Thesis (M.Th) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2015
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015-06
WISC-IV test performance of grade 3 Xhosa-speaking children : an extension of a prior South African normative database
- Authors: Bickell, Alexa
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children Children -- Intelligence testing -- South Africa Education, Elementary -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/5730 , vital:29368
- Description: Introduction. A well-recognized problem exists when commonly employed tests developed in the United States (US) or United Kingdom (UK) are accepted unconditionally for use on local relatively disadvantaged populations, as these tests have questionable validity and therefore incur a high risk of misdiagnosis. Cross-cultural normative research has been conducted in South Africa on some of the Wechsler intelligence scales with respect to participants stratified for level and quality of education, age, race and language, including a study on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – Fourth Edition (WISC-IV) for learners with Grade 7 education (age 12 to 23). The aim of the current study was to conduct a partial duplication of the earlier WISC-IV South African norming study that specifically targeted a younger group of educationally disadvantaged children at a lower level of education. Method. Participants were Black Xhosa-speaking Grade 3 learners in the age range 8 to 9 (N =32 ), who were being schooled in the disadvantaged educational setting of the former Department of Education and Training (former-DET) schools. The WISC-IV results of the current study were statistically compared with the WISC-IV results from Shuttleworth-Edwards, Van der Merwe et al. (2013) study. Results. There was a significant lowering of between 20 to 30 IQ points relative to the UK standardisation on WISC-IV scores for this sample of Grade 3 Xhosa-speaking learners, replicating the earlier outcome for Grade 7 Xhosa-speaking learners relative to the UK standardisation. No differences were in evidence within the WISC-IV sample for the female and male participants on any of the indices. There was equivalence between the Grade 3 and Grade 7 Xhosa-speaking learners on all subtest and Index scores with the exception of the Digit Span subtest. Conclusions. The results confirm prior research indications of the negative impact of educational disadvantage on IQ test results and the need for this to be taken into account by the availability of socio- culturally relevant norms.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Bickell, Alexa
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children Children -- Intelligence testing -- South Africa Education, Elementary -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/5730 , vital:29368
- Description: Introduction. A well-recognized problem exists when commonly employed tests developed in the United States (US) or United Kingdom (UK) are accepted unconditionally for use on local relatively disadvantaged populations, as these tests have questionable validity and therefore incur a high risk of misdiagnosis. Cross-cultural normative research has been conducted in South Africa on some of the Wechsler intelligence scales with respect to participants stratified for level and quality of education, age, race and language, including a study on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – Fourth Edition (WISC-IV) for learners with Grade 7 education (age 12 to 23). The aim of the current study was to conduct a partial duplication of the earlier WISC-IV South African norming study that specifically targeted a younger group of educationally disadvantaged children at a lower level of education. Method. Participants were Black Xhosa-speaking Grade 3 learners in the age range 8 to 9 (N =32 ), who were being schooled in the disadvantaged educational setting of the former Department of Education and Training (former-DET) schools. The WISC-IV results of the current study were statistically compared with the WISC-IV results from Shuttleworth-Edwards, Van der Merwe et al. (2013) study. Results. There was a significant lowering of between 20 to 30 IQ points relative to the UK standardisation on WISC-IV scores for this sample of Grade 3 Xhosa-speaking learners, replicating the earlier outcome for Grade 7 Xhosa-speaking learners relative to the UK standardisation. No differences were in evidence within the WISC-IV sample for the female and male participants on any of the indices. There was equivalence between the Grade 3 and Grade 7 Xhosa-speaking learners on all subtest and Index scores with the exception of the Digit Span subtest. Conclusions. The results confirm prior research indications of the negative impact of educational disadvantage on IQ test results and the need for this to be taken into account by the availability of socio- culturally relevant norms.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Water Struggles and Rural People’s Experiences of Waiting in South Africa’s Eastern Cape Province
- Authors: Twalo, Lindani
- Date: 2021-10
- Subjects: Water security , Right to water
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21201 , vital:47394
- Description: This study examined water struggles and rural people’s experiences of waiting in South Africa’s Eastern Cape Province. Primarily, it investigated how such struggles connect to people’s experiences of waiting for water services. In essence, the study demonstrates how experiences of waiting are profoundly shaped by subjective meanings that the rural people attach to water at a local level. Thus, the study connects rural water politics to contested meanings over natural resources in South Africa’s communal areas. The empirical analysis in this study goes beyond the largely urban focus in the focus in the politics of waiting – mainly in the informal settlements, slums and other urban peripheries. The study presents some of the less known struggles of rural dwellers, particularly their experiences of waiting for water service provision from the state. South Africa’s Constitution promotes the right to clean water. Despite all the progress made by the democratic government, it is still evident that people in deep rural areas of South Africa are in a very precarious situation when it comes to accessing clean water. The study utilised Auyero (2011) concept of the politics of waiting to examine the poor people’s experiences of waiting for water. The study adopted a case study of Lower Didimana village. The researcher conducted a range of qualitative research techniques – the key informant interviews, focus group discussions, observations and semi-structured interviews. The study found that rural residents of South Africa continue to wait for long periods for water service provision in the current democratic era. Moreover, they are still faced with severe challenges of accessing water; as a result, they are left with no better option but to use traditional ways of retrieving water. It also found that there are strong cultural and spiritual claims that rural dwellers attach to water. To them water is not just only a physiological need which could be addressed through efficient state service – the provision of sufficient tap water. Water is deeply connected in human existence. Just like land, water is a cultural as well as spiritual resource. As such, rural experiences of waiting are not limited to state agency and how the poor experience the state, but are also influences by local struggles over meanings of water. Finally, the study reveals the limitation in state policy on water provision, which is locked in a purely engineering use based paradigm, which mainly strives to address (technically) scarcity of drinking water. However, the findings of this study demonstrates that drinking is just one function of water. Although villagers try to mobilise to engage the state while waiting for water service they articulate other claims that connect to diverse water meanings. Such meanings are barely captured in contemporary literature on rural politics of water. As such, although water is increasing becoming scarce in rural South Africa and the state intervention is increasingly demanded, villagers’ experiences of waiting in Lower Didimana remain strongly connected to what water means to locals. , Thesis (MSoc Sci) (Rural Development) -- University of Fort Hare, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10
- Authors: Twalo, Lindani
- Date: 2021-10
- Subjects: Water security , Right to water
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21201 , vital:47394
- Description: This study examined water struggles and rural people’s experiences of waiting in South Africa’s Eastern Cape Province. Primarily, it investigated how such struggles connect to people’s experiences of waiting for water services. In essence, the study demonstrates how experiences of waiting are profoundly shaped by subjective meanings that the rural people attach to water at a local level. Thus, the study connects rural water politics to contested meanings over natural resources in South Africa’s communal areas. The empirical analysis in this study goes beyond the largely urban focus in the focus in the politics of waiting – mainly in the informal settlements, slums and other urban peripheries. The study presents some of the less known struggles of rural dwellers, particularly their experiences of waiting for water service provision from the state. South Africa’s Constitution promotes the right to clean water. Despite all the progress made by the democratic government, it is still evident that people in deep rural areas of South Africa are in a very precarious situation when it comes to accessing clean water. The study utilised Auyero (2011) concept of the politics of waiting to examine the poor people’s experiences of waiting for water. The study adopted a case study of Lower Didimana village. The researcher conducted a range of qualitative research techniques – the key informant interviews, focus group discussions, observations and semi-structured interviews. The study found that rural residents of South Africa continue to wait for long periods for water service provision in the current democratic era. Moreover, they are still faced with severe challenges of accessing water; as a result, they are left with no better option but to use traditional ways of retrieving water. It also found that there are strong cultural and spiritual claims that rural dwellers attach to water. To them water is not just only a physiological need which could be addressed through efficient state service – the provision of sufficient tap water. Water is deeply connected in human existence. Just like land, water is a cultural as well as spiritual resource. As such, rural experiences of waiting are not limited to state agency and how the poor experience the state, but are also influences by local struggles over meanings of water. Finally, the study reveals the limitation in state policy on water provision, which is locked in a purely engineering use based paradigm, which mainly strives to address (technically) scarcity of drinking water. However, the findings of this study demonstrates that drinking is just one function of water. Although villagers try to mobilise to engage the state while waiting for water service they articulate other claims that connect to diverse water meanings. Such meanings are barely captured in contemporary literature on rural politics of water. As such, although water is increasing becoming scarce in rural South Africa and the state intervention is increasingly demanded, villagers’ experiences of waiting in Lower Didimana remain strongly connected to what water means to locals. , Thesis (MSoc Sci) (Rural Development) -- University of Fort Hare, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10
WAIS-IV test performance in the South African context: a comparison between existing grade 12 WAIS-III norms with grade 12 WAIS-IV for populations that were educated in former-DET schools
- Klopper, Coenraad Christoffel
- Authors: Klopper, Coenraad Christoffel
- Date: 2014-12
- Subjects: Intelligence tests , Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale , Psychological tests
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25891 , vital:64561
- Description: Accurate IQ assessment in the field of psychology is a constant pursuit and an ethical requirement in the field of psychology. In the South African cross cultural context, the use of within group norms are very important in order to improve the accuracy and interpretive value of psychometric tests. This is due to differences between cultural groups in South Africa in terms of IQ test performance of which the biggest mediating factor is quality of education. Shuttleworth-Edwards et al. (2013), performed cross cultural normative research on the WAIS-III in which participants were stringently stratified for age, level of education, quality of education, race and language. The current study is a partial duplication of the WAIS-III normative study by Shuttleworth-Edwards et al. (2013). The sub-group in that study that indicated the most significant lowering relative to the US/UK standardisation of the WAIS-III was duplicated in this study and tested with the WAIS-IV. This group included participants stratified for race (Black South African), language (Xhosa speaking), level of education (Grade 12) and quality of education (previous Department of Education and Training (former-DET) schools). The WAIS-IV results of the current study were statistically compared with the WAIS-III results from Shuttleworth-Edwards et al. (2013). No statistically significant differences were found between the WAIS-III test performance and WAIS-IV test performance in terms of scaled score comparisons, index score comparisons and full scale index comparisons. Further comparisons were made between male and female and urban and rural participants. Significant differences were found between males and females on the verbal comprehension index. No significant differences were found between the urban and rural participants. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Social Science and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014-12
- Authors: Klopper, Coenraad Christoffel
- Date: 2014-12
- Subjects: Intelligence tests , Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale , Psychological tests
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25891 , vital:64561
- Description: Accurate IQ assessment in the field of psychology is a constant pursuit and an ethical requirement in the field of psychology. In the South African cross cultural context, the use of within group norms are very important in order to improve the accuracy and interpretive value of psychometric tests. This is due to differences between cultural groups in South Africa in terms of IQ test performance of which the biggest mediating factor is quality of education. Shuttleworth-Edwards et al. (2013), performed cross cultural normative research on the WAIS-III in which participants were stringently stratified for age, level of education, quality of education, race and language. The current study is a partial duplication of the WAIS-III normative study by Shuttleworth-Edwards et al. (2013). The sub-group in that study that indicated the most significant lowering relative to the US/UK standardisation of the WAIS-III was duplicated in this study and tested with the WAIS-IV. This group included participants stratified for race (Black South African), language (Xhosa speaking), level of education (Grade 12) and quality of education (previous Department of Education and Training (former-DET) schools). The WAIS-IV results of the current study were statistically compared with the WAIS-III results from Shuttleworth-Edwards et al. (2013). No statistically significant differences were found between the WAIS-III test performance and WAIS-IV test performance in terms of scaled score comparisons, index score comparisons and full scale index comparisons. Further comparisons were made between male and female and urban and rural participants. Significant differences were found between males and females on the verbal comprehension index. No significant differences were found between the urban and rural participants. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Social Science and Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014-12
Voices of women who have transitioned from a shelter for survivors of domestic violence to independent living
- Authors: Moonieyan, Chrislynn
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Family violence Shelters for the homeless Homeless persons
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/12939 , vital:39407
- Description: Domestic violence is a devastating social ill in South Africa and especially in the Eastern Cape. There were 12059 cases of domestic violence reported at police stations in the Eastern Cape between 2015 and 2017 (Dayimani, 2017). Domestic violence is broadly defined as any act of abuse resulting in harm or suffering experienced by women enacted by an intimate partner (Goosen & Shaik, 2008). One in four women experience physical violence in their lifetime (Rasool, 2015). Women who experience domestic violence often lack social and economic resources and may have no place to go to escape the abuse. In such cases, shelters are identified as places of safety, providing accommodation and psychosocial support to women and children who have escaped domestic violence. The aim of the study was to explore and understand the experiences of women who have suffered abuse, lived in a shelter for survivors of domestic violence and have then transitioned from life at the shelter back to independent living. Independence is defined as “the freedom to organize your own life, make your own decisions” (Hornby, 2015b) and independent living is a concept of leaving the shelter to live in the community. A phenomenological research design was adopted, with the sample of the study consisting of eight women who had resided at a shelter and three staff members from shelters for domestic violence in the Eastern Cape. Interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) was adopted to analyse the data that was collected from the participants during semi-structured interviews. The study found that the reasons women seek help at a shelter include the severity of the abuse, the gravity of the impact of the abuse upon their own wellbeing, the fact that the abuse is accompanied by substance abuse, and also because the children are exposed and experience the abuse. The study also found that in addition to resources such as government services and civil society organisations, the shelters themselves are most supportive to women as they leave the shelter and transition back to independent living. Lastly, the study highlighted that the challenges women face as they transition to independent living were the lack of support and the lack of social and economic resources. Recommendations based on the findings of the study are to advocate to stop domestic violence, to collaborate with various departments to combat domestic violence and lastly to fund shelters and ensure the shelter staff are adequately trained to work with survivors of domestic violence.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Moonieyan, Chrislynn
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Family violence Shelters for the homeless Homeless persons
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/12939 , vital:39407
- Description: Domestic violence is a devastating social ill in South Africa and especially in the Eastern Cape. There were 12059 cases of domestic violence reported at police stations in the Eastern Cape between 2015 and 2017 (Dayimani, 2017). Domestic violence is broadly defined as any act of abuse resulting in harm or suffering experienced by women enacted by an intimate partner (Goosen & Shaik, 2008). One in four women experience physical violence in their lifetime (Rasool, 2015). Women who experience domestic violence often lack social and economic resources and may have no place to go to escape the abuse. In such cases, shelters are identified as places of safety, providing accommodation and psychosocial support to women and children who have escaped domestic violence. The aim of the study was to explore and understand the experiences of women who have suffered abuse, lived in a shelter for survivors of domestic violence and have then transitioned from life at the shelter back to independent living. Independence is defined as “the freedom to organize your own life, make your own decisions” (Hornby, 2015b) and independent living is a concept of leaving the shelter to live in the community. A phenomenological research design was adopted, with the sample of the study consisting of eight women who had resided at a shelter and three staff members from shelters for domestic violence in the Eastern Cape. Interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) was adopted to analyse the data that was collected from the participants during semi-structured interviews. The study found that the reasons women seek help at a shelter include the severity of the abuse, the gravity of the impact of the abuse upon their own wellbeing, the fact that the abuse is accompanied by substance abuse, and also because the children are exposed and experience the abuse. The study also found that in addition to resources such as government services and civil society organisations, the shelters themselves are most supportive to women as they leave the shelter and transition back to independent living. Lastly, the study highlighted that the challenges women face as they transition to independent living were the lack of support and the lack of social and economic resources. Recommendations based on the findings of the study are to advocate to stop domestic violence, to collaborate with various departments to combat domestic violence and lastly to fund shelters and ensure the shelter staff are adequately trained to work with survivors of domestic violence.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Uthelekiso Lwelizwi leMbongi KwisiHobe sikaZolani Mkiva noMzwakhe Mbuli”
- Authors: Makhenyane, Lukhanyo
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: African Languages Language and languages
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters/Doctoral , Degree
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18020 , vital:42004
- Description: Despite the vast research on African poetry by scholars like Qangule (1979), Ntuli (1984), Sirayi (1985), Bokoda (1994), Mtumane (2000), Bobelo (2008) and Jadezweni (2013), there is a paucity of extended research on the aesthetic works of African poets in South Africa in the post-apartheid era. In a quest to redress this imbalance, I undertook a comparative study of two prominent African poets in the post-apartheid era in South Africa. This study adds nuance to our understanding of African poetry as it would define African poetry further from an African perspective. Swanepoel (1990) challenges scholars of African literature to have a critical look on the developments of neighbouring literatures as comparing these literatures produces new and useful ideas about African literature. In addition, scholars such as Gerard (1981) and Perera (1991) advocate for the creation and adoption of a comparative methodology for the study of African literature. This led scholars such as Mdaka (2002) to test comparative methodology in assessing ideology and aesthetics in South African isiXhosa novels and Kenyan novels written in English. Likewise, Cutalele (2007) uses comparative methodology in investigating similar themes in the aesthetics works of S.E.K. Mqhayi and Zolani Mkiva. In responding to Swanepoel’s challenge, this study aims to investigate and evaluate the importance of the voice of imbongi in articulating current and burning issues in the post-apartheid South Africa as well as the solutions they propose to some of the problems facing the country. In this study, the methodology swings on the hinges of Ngara’s Marxist theory. The choice of Ngara’s Marxist theory is based largely on its theoretical insights on ideology, form and communication in analysing poetry. Ngara divides ideology into three sub-themes: dominant ideology, which refers to the beliefs, set of values, thoughts and actions of a people in a particular era, authorial ideology that refers to the set of values espoused by the poet and aesthetics ideology, which is the literary convention and stylistic of the poet. Using the comparative method, the voice of imbongi in Mbuli and Mkiva’s poetry is compared over three ideologies – protest, patriotism and revolution. Under the theme of protest, I compare Mkiva and Mbuli’s poetry under two sub-themes, socio-political protest and socio-cultural protest. Mbuli and Mkiva’s protest agitates for change in the political and cultural spheres of the post-apartheid South Africa. Page viii of 290 They comment on issues like leadership and social welfare of South Africans, burning issues of this era. In the theme of patriotism, I examined poetry that displays love and loyalty for one’s country. In displaying their love and loyalty for their country, it is clear that to Mbuli and Mkiva, country refers to Africa, not just South Africa. Furthermore, under the theme of revolution I examined poetry that praises struggle heroes as well as the one that introduces the new struggles of the people of South Africa. In praising revolutionary leaders, Mbuli and Mkiva parade good leadership skills for the new breed of leaders to learn. In discussing the revolutionary theme, they speak of economic freedom as one of the struggles of the new South Africa. In investigating and evaluating their poetry in post-aparthied South Africa, I discovered that in their protest and their revolutionary ideology they express the theme of disillusionment. They speak against corruption in leadership while they question those who violate children and women’s right to life. Such issues were thought to be buried with the death of apartheid. Furthermore, they introduce us to neo-revolution by showing how the struggle for freedom still continues as freedom without economic freedom falls short of freedom.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Makhenyane, Lukhanyo
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: African Languages Language and languages
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters/Doctoral , Degree
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18020 , vital:42004
- Description: Despite the vast research on African poetry by scholars like Qangule (1979), Ntuli (1984), Sirayi (1985), Bokoda (1994), Mtumane (2000), Bobelo (2008) and Jadezweni (2013), there is a paucity of extended research on the aesthetic works of African poets in South Africa in the post-apartheid era. In a quest to redress this imbalance, I undertook a comparative study of two prominent African poets in the post-apartheid era in South Africa. This study adds nuance to our understanding of African poetry as it would define African poetry further from an African perspective. Swanepoel (1990) challenges scholars of African literature to have a critical look on the developments of neighbouring literatures as comparing these literatures produces new and useful ideas about African literature. In addition, scholars such as Gerard (1981) and Perera (1991) advocate for the creation and adoption of a comparative methodology for the study of African literature. This led scholars such as Mdaka (2002) to test comparative methodology in assessing ideology and aesthetics in South African isiXhosa novels and Kenyan novels written in English. Likewise, Cutalele (2007) uses comparative methodology in investigating similar themes in the aesthetics works of S.E.K. Mqhayi and Zolani Mkiva. In responding to Swanepoel’s challenge, this study aims to investigate and evaluate the importance of the voice of imbongi in articulating current and burning issues in the post-apartheid South Africa as well as the solutions they propose to some of the problems facing the country. In this study, the methodology swings on the hinges of Ngara’s Marxist theory. The choice of Ngara’s Marxist theory is based largely on its theoretical insights on ideology, form and communication in analysing poetry. Ngara divides ideology into three sub-themes: dominant ideology, which refers to the beliefs, set of values, thoughts and actions of a people in a particular era, authorial ideology that refers to the set of values espoused by the poet and aesthetics ideology, which is the literary convention and stylistic of the poet. Using the comparative method, the voice of imbongi in Mbuli and Mkiva’s poetry is compared over three ideologies – protest, patriotism and revolution. Under the theme of protest, I compare Mkiva and Mbuli’s poetry under two sub-themes, socio-political protest and socio-cultural protest. Mbuli and Mkiva’s protest agitates for change in the political and cultural spheres of the post-apartheid South Africa. Page viii of 290 They comment on issues like leadership and social welfare of South Africans, burning issues of this era. In the theme of patriotism, I examined poetry that displays love and loyalty for one’s country. In displaying their love and loyalty for their country, it is clear that to Mbuli and Mkiva, country refers to Africa, not just South Africa. Furthermore, under the theme of revolution I examined poetry that praises struggle heroes as well as the one that introduces the new struggles of the people of South Africa. In praising revolutionary leaders, Mbuli and Mkiva parade good leadership skills for the new breed of leaders to learn. In discussing the revolutionary theme, they speak of economic freedom as one of the struggles of the new South Africa. In investigating and evaluating their poetry in post-aparthied South Africa, I discovered that in their protest and their revolutionary ideology they express the theme of disillusionment. They speak against corruption in leadership while they question those who violate children and women’s right to life. Such issues were thought to be buried with the death of apartheid. Furthermore, they introduce us to neo-revolution by showing how the struggle for freedom still continues as freedom without economic freedom falls short of freedom.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
Uphononongo lwemiba yentlalo inkcubeko noburharha ephembelela ababhali kuthiyo lwabalinganiswa kwiincwadi zedrama zesiXhosa ezichongiweyo
- Authors: Kapa, Nompumelelo
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Characters and characteristics in literature Xhosa drama
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/8440 , vital:32795
- Description: Olu phando luzakuqwalasela iimeko abathi bazilandele ababhali xa bathiya abalinganiswa phantsi kweemeko zenkcubeko noburharha, kwakunye nokubaluleka kwalo gabalala. Oku kuzakwenziwa kuboniswa nenxaxheba elithi liyidlale ebomini. Kuza kuhlalutywa ezi ncwadi zilandelayo:Amaza ngokubhalwe ngu-Z.S. Qangule, Buzani kuBawo ngu-W.K.Tamsanqa Akwaba ng-T.Ntwana, Iziphumo Zodendo ngu-L.E.Menze, Emgxobhozweni ngu-B.B.Mkonto, Yeha Mfazi Obulala Indoda ngu-L.L.Ngewu, Hay’Ukuzenza ngu-C.F.Jaji. Kwezi ncwadi kuzakuhlalutywa iimeko ezilandelwa ngababhali xa bethiya abalinganiswa kunye nendima edlalwa ligama lo mlinganiswa ngamnye ebalini, oku kuza kubonisa indlela ekuthiywa ngayo ekuhlaleni kwakunye nokubaluleka kwegama kumnini lo. Isahluko sokuqala sizakunika amagqabantshintshi ngolu phando. Esi sahlukosiqulathe oku kulandelayo:Ingabula zigcawu ngophando• Imvelaphi ngentsusa yokuthiywa kwegama• Iinjongo zolu phando• Okunye okufunyenweyo kolu phando• Indlela oluza kuqhutywa ngayo olu phando• Iingxaki zolu phando• Imibuzo yolu phando• Amagqabantshintshi ngezahluko zoluphando Isahluko sesibini siqwalasele ithiyori ezakuthi isetyenziswe kolu phando . Oku kwenziwa ngokuthi kuqwalaselwe ukuba bathini abanye ababhali ngothiyo. Isahluko sesithathu luphononongo lwabalinganiswa kwincwadi nganye kwezichongiweyo, kulandelwa inkcubeko neemeko zasekuhlaleni . Isahluko sesine sijonge ubugcisa boburharha obulandelwe ngababhali xa bathiya abalinganiswa, kwiincwadi ezichongiweyo, kwakunye nendima ethi edlalwe ngabalinganiswa ebalini. Isahluko sesihlanu nesisesokugqibela, siveza ulwazi oluthe lwafumaneka kuthiyo ngqo, luthelekisa nothiyo ezincwadini,sishwankathela iziphumo zophando.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Kapa, Nompumelelo
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Characters and characteristics in literature Xhosa drama
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , DPhil
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/8440 , vital:32795
- Description: Olu phando luzakuqwalasela iimeko abathi bazilandele ababhali xa bathiya abalinganiswa phantsi kweemeko zenkcubeko noburharha, kwakunye nokubaluleka kwalo gabalala. Oku kuzakwenziwa kuboniswa nenxaxheba elithi liyidlale ebomini. Kuza kuhlalutywa ezi ncwadi zilandelayo:Amaza ngokubhalwe ngu-Z.S. Qangule, Buzani kuBawo ngu-W.K.Tamsanqa Akwaba ng-T.Ntwana, Iziphumo Zodendo ngu-L.E.Menze, Emgxobhozweni ngu-B.B.Mkonto, Yeha Mfazi Obulala Indoda ngu-L.L.Ngewu, Hay’Ukuzenza ngu-C.F.Jaji. Kwezi ncwadi kuzakuhlalutywa iimeko ezilandelwa ngababhali xa bethiya abalinganiswa kunye nendima edlalwa ligama lo mlinganiswa ngamnye ebalini, oku kuza kubonisa indlela ekuthiywa ngayo ekuhlaleni kwakunye nokubaluleka kwegama kumnini lo. Isahluko sokuqala sizakunika amagqabantshintshi ngolu phando. Esi sahlukosiqulathe oku kulandelayo:Ingabula zigcawu ngophando• Imvelaphi ngentsusa yokuthiywa kwegama• Iinjongo zolu phando• Okunye okufunyenweyo kolu phando• Indlela oluza kuqhutywa ngayo olu phando• Iingxaki zolu phando• Imibuzo yolu phando• Amagqabantshintshi ngezahluko zoluphando Isahluko sesibini siqwalasele ithiyori ezakuthi isetyenziswe kolu phando . Oku kwenziwa ngokuthi kuqwalaselwe ukuba bathini abanye ababhali ngothiyo. Isahluko sesithathu luphononongo lwabalinganiswa kwincwadi nganye kwezichongiweyo, kulandelwa inkcubeko neemeko zasekuhlaleni . Isahluko sesine sijonge ubugcisa boburharha obulandelwe ngababhali xa bathiya abalinganiswa, kwiincwadi ezichongiweyo, kwakunye nendima ethi edlalwe ngabalinganiswa ebalini. Isahluko sesihlanu nesisesokugqibela, siveza ulwazi oluthe lwafumaneka kuthiyo ngqo, luthelekisa nothiyo ezincwadini,sishwankathela iziphumo zophando.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Unravelling the myths about unplanned pregnancy among female students at University of Fort Hare East London Campus, South Africa
- Authors: Chukwunyere , Amadi P
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Unwanted pregnancy , Women college students , College students
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25415 , vital:64237
- Description: This research study examined: 1. the attitudes and perceptions of female university students towards unplanned pregnancies, their (pregnancies’) associated influences and their social economic consequences on the participants and their family. 2. The level of knowledge, the sources thereof, and the girls’ attitudes and perceptions toward contraception, abortion and their actual use as possible barriers in the prevention of unplanned pregnancies. 3. The possible interventions in curbing the phenomenon of unplanned pregnancies. Data for the study was gathered through in-depth-interviews with ten female undergraduate students at the University of Fort Hare in East London campus, who had the experience of unplanned pregnancy while studying. Selection of participants was done through snowball sampling. A number of factors responsible for the unplanned pregnancy are revealed, including: Inadequate and inconsistent use of contraceptives, ignorance about contraception or rejection of contraceptive use due to religious beliefs. Influential factors regarding unplanned child bearing include: The role of the mother and the boyfriend, traditional and religious beliefs, and the desire for child bearing and motherhood. Although the majority of the girls are knowledgeable about contraception, and their right to abortion, a number of barriers hinder them from putting this knowledge into practical use. Some of the most highlighted consequences of unplanned/unwanted pregnancy are the financial burden on the family and loss of study time. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2015
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
- Authors: Chukwunyere , Amadi P
- Date: 2015
- Subjects: Unwanted pregnancy , Women college students , College students
- Language: English
- Type: text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25415 , vital:64237
- Description: This research study examined: 1. the attitudes and perceptions of female university students towards unplanned pregnancies, their (pregnancies’) associated influences and their social economic consequences on the participants and their family. 2. The level of knowledge, the sources thereof, and the girls’ attitudes and perceptions toward contraception, abortion and their actual use as possible barriers in the prevention of unplanned pregnancies. 3. The possible interventions in curbing the phenomenon of unplanned pregnancies. Data for the study was gathered through in-depth-interviews with ten female undergraduate students at the University of Fort Hare in East London campus, who had the experience of unplanned pregnancy while studying. Selection of participants was done through snowball sampling. A number of factors responsible for the unplanned pregnancy are revealed, including: Inadequate and inconsistent use of contraceptives, ignorance about contraception or rejection of contraceptive use due to religious beliefs. Influential factors regarding unplanned child bearing include: The role of the mother and the boyfriend, traditional and religious beliefs, and the desire for child bearing and motherhood. Although the majority of the girls are knowledgeable about contraception, and their right to abortion, a number of barriers hinder them from putting this knowledge into practical use. Some of the most highlighted consequences of unplanned/unwanted pregnancy are the financial burden on the family and loss of study time. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2015
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2015
Unleashing the nexus between climate change and food security in rural South Africa: role of three community radio stations in the Eastern Cape Province
- Authors: Bamigboye, Foluke Bosede
- Date: 2023-04
- Subjects: Climatic changes , Food security , South Africa -- Rural conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/27325 , vital:66939
- Description: This study investigates the role of Forte FM, Mdantsane FM and Rhodes Music Community Radios in disseminating the different kinds of messages on the nexus between the impacts of climate change and food security in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Therefore, the study aims to investigate how these community radio stations play their informative, educative and entertainment roles regarding climate change and food security awareness programmes to their listeners. The study employed the qualitative research approach and convenience, and non-probability samplings techniques were subsequently used to select samples for this study. In-depth interviews were conducted individually for Forte FM, Mdantsane FM and Rhodes Music community radio programme managers respectively, who serve as the key informants. One focus group discussion each was held with residents of Golf Course, Mdantsane and Grahamstown areas where these radio stations broadcast from, with eight participants in each focus group. The total number of participants for the focus group discussions was 24 participants. The collected data were coded into themes using NVivo 12 software to generate the theme nodes and case nodes as key findings, analysis and then interpreted. The findings of this study confirmed that these three community radio stations do contribute to climate change communication through their programmes that focus on climate change and food security related issues. Another vital finding from the study showed that listeners do benefit immensely from these climate change and food security related programmes of the under-study community radio stations. Hence, listeners physical, social, and cognitive well-being of their climatic environment have been greatly impacted. In the same vein, the findings of this study further revealed that the rural communities who are mostly affected by the impacts of climate change on food security have been well informed and enlightened on the suitable ways to enhance a sustainable food security and climate adaptation system through Forte FM, Mdantsane FM, and Rhodes Music community radio stations. Significantly, this study has been able to come up with two suggested models and the conceptual frameworks, which are the Local Action Adaptive Communication (LAAC) Model and the Indigenous Behavioral Change Conceptual (IBCC) Model. These models are focused on increasing listeners interests, adaptation, and behavioral change on climate change issues. The models are also aimed at ensuring better climate change and food security communication Author. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-04
- Authors: Bamigboye, Foluke Bosede
- Date: 2023-04
- Subjects: Climatic changes , Food security , South Africa -- Rural conditions
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/27325 , vital:66939
- Description: This study investigates the role of Forte FM, Mdantsane FM and Rhodes Music Community Radios in disseminating the different kinds of messages on the nexus between the impacts of climate change and food security in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Therefore, the study aims to investigate how these community radio stations play their informative, educative and entertainment roles regarding climate change and food security awareness programmes to their listeners. The study employed the qualitative research approach and convenience, and non-probability samplings techniques were subsequently used to select samples for this study. In-depth interviews were conducted individually for Forte FM, Mdantsane FM and Rhodes Music community radio programme managers respectively, who serve as the key informants. One focus group discussion each was held with residents of Golf Course, Mdantsane and Grahamstown areas where these radio stations broadcast from, with eight participants in each focus group. The total number of participants for the focus group discussions was 24 participants. The collected data were coded into themes using NVivo 12 software to generate the theme nodes and case nodes as key findings, analysis and then interpreted. The findings of this study confirmed that these three community radio stations do contribute to climate change communication through their programmes that focus on climate change and food security related issues. Another vital finding from the study showed that listeners do benefit immensely from these climate change and food security related programmes of the under-study community radio stations. Hence, listeners physical, social, and cognitive well-being of their climatic environment have been greatly impacted. In the same vein, the findings of this study further revealed that the rural communities who are mostly affected by the impacts of climate change on food security have been well informed and enlightened on the suitable ways to enhance a sustainable food security and climate adaptation system through Forte FM, Mdantsane FM, and Rhodes Music community radio stations. Significantly, this study has been able to come up with two suggested models and the conceptual frameworks, which are the Local Action Adaptive Communication (LAAC) Model and the Indigenous Behavioral Change Conceptual (IBCC) Model. These models are focused on increasing listeners interests, adaptation, and behavioral change on climate change issues. The models are also aimed at ensuring better climate change and food security communication Author. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2023
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2023-04
Universities and their role in the growth and development of cities in changing global context : a case study of East London and its higher education institutions, with special emphasis on the University of Fort Hare
- Authors: Sibanda, Francis
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Universities and colleges--South Africa--Eastern Cape Education, Higher--Social aspects--zSouth Africa--Eastern Cape Academic-industrial collaboration--Economic aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , Social Sciences
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/15509 , vital:40414
- Description: This thesis uses the urban growth and development theory in analysing and applying place-based approaches in the growth and development of the city of East London. Globalisation despite its seeming elimination of distance has in fact made geographical locations more necessary as agglomeration acts as a comparative and competitive advantage for growth and development. It is the contention of this study that places and spaces can develop more rapidly if there exists factors that support innovation and clustering. In this case, HEIs in cities are described as catalysts for growth and development within cities. By their presence in cities and their contribution through knowledge creation, production, dissemination and sharing, they become anchors of development in post-industrial cities that no longer depend on heavy industries but are driven by knowledge, hence, the knowledge economy. There are several city development theories, those that advocate for the use of big projects; others for infrastructure development; and some, for industrialization as a way to revitalize and drive city economic growth and development. This study argues that these development strategies have previously been used in the East London case but with very little success. It seeks therefore to propose that in addition to these, an anchor strategy, whereby institutions such as universities and hospitals, can be used by cities for their growth and development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Sibanda, Francis
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: Universities and colleges--South Africa--Eastern Cape Education, Higher--Social aspects--zSouth Africa--Eastern Cape Academic-industrial collaboration--Economic aspects
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , Social Sciences
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/15509 , vital:40414
- Description: This thesis uses the urban growth and development theory in analysing and applying place-based approaches in the growth and development of the city of East London. Globalisation despite its seeming elimination of distance has in fact made geographical locations more necessary as agglomeration acts as a comparative and competitive advantage for growth and development. It is the contention of this study that places and spaces can develop more rapidly if there exists factors that support innovation and clustering. In this case, HEIs in cities are described as catalysts for growth and development within cities. By their presence in cities and their contribution through knowledge creation, production, dissemination and sharing, they become anchors of development in post-industrial cities that no longer depend on heavy industries but are driven by knowledge, hence, the knowledge economy. There are several city development theories, those that advocate for the use of big projects; others for infrastructure development; and some, for industrialization as a way to revitalize and drive city economic growth and development. This study argues that these development strategies have previously been used in the East London case but with very little success. It seeks therefore to propose that in addition to these, an anchor strategy, whereby institutions such as universities and hospitals, can be used by cities for their growth and development.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Understanding the sexual risk behaviours of people living with different mental illnesses and their vulnerability to HIV infection
- Authors: Ndlovu, Deogracious
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Health -- Social aspects , HIV infections
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25037 , vital:63899
- Description: This study was primarily carried out in order to assess the sexual risk behaviours of people living with mental illnesses as well as their vulnerability to HIV infection. It sets out the basic realities of the interaction between mental illness and HIV/AIDS and its impact on individuals and communities. This study explores the implications for health policy and practice, and suggests how to provide better support and assistance in the empowerment of people living with mental illness as far as HIV and AIDS is concerned, including community support. It was also the aim of this study to look into the factors that expose this group of people to HIV infection as well as to understand the link between HIV/AIDS and mental illness. It also tested the inclusion of people with mental disabilities in HIV and AIDS prevention and education programmes. The research was conducted on the basis of a qualitative research design. A semi-structured interview schedule was used in broad based interviews to gather information from caregivers or guardians of people with mental disabilities as well as the professionals in the mental health sector. The results of the research revealed that people who are living with mental illnesses are a vulnerable group as regards HIV infection. It also conveys that this group of people presents with sexual risk behaviours, which increase their vulnerability to HIV and AIDS. In addition, there are many barriers against the inclusion of this group of people in HIV and AIDS prevention and education programmes and, as a result, they are often excluded from participating in such programmes. Importantly, the findings of this study acknowledge that there is a two-fold relationship between mental illness and HIV/AIDS. It indicates that mental illnesses are still regarded as mysterious in the community and there is much stigma and discrimination towards the mentally ill, increasing their vulnerability to HIV infection. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2013
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
- Authors: Ndlovu, Deogracious
- Date: 2013
- Subjects: Health -- Social aspects , HIV infections
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25037 , vital:63899
- Description: This study was primarily carried out in order to assess the sexual risk behaviours of people living with mental illnesses as well as their vulnerability to HIV infection. It sets out the basic realities of the interaction between mental illness and HIV/AIDS and its impact on individuals and communities. This study explores the implications for health policy and practice, and suggests how to provide better support and assistance in the empowerment of people living with mental illness as far as HIV and AIDS is concerned, including community support. It was also the aim of this study to look into the factors that expose this group of people to HIV infection as well as to understand the link between HIV/AIDS and mental illness. It also tested the inclusion of people with mental disabilities in HIV and AIDS prevention and education programmes. The research was conducted on the basis of a qualitative research design. A semi-structured interview schedule was used in broad based interviews to gather information from caregivers or guardians of people with mental disabilities as well as the professionals in the mental health sector. The results of the research revealed that people who are living with mental illnesses are a vulnerable group as regards HIV infection. It also conveys that this group of people presents with sexual risk behaviours, which increase their vulnerability to HIV and AIDS. In addition, there are many barriers against the inclusion of this group of people in HIV and AIDS prevention and education programmes and, as a result, they are often excluded from participating in such programmes. Importantly, the findings of this study acknowledge that there is a two-fold relationship between mental illness and HIV/AIDS. It indicates that mental illnesses are still regarded as mysterious in the community and there is much stigma and discrimination towards the mentally ill, increasing their vulnerability to HIV infection. , Thesis (MSoc) -- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2013
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2013
Understanding the role of the media in Zimbabwe African Union-Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF) factional fights and the representations of the Lacoste faction in Zimbabwe public discourses
- Mauswa, Desmond Tagara Tavengwa
- Authors: Mauswa, Desmond Tagara Tavengwa
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: ZANU-PF (Organization : Zimbabwe) Political parties Mass media
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/12582 , vital:39290
- Description: This thesis sought to critically examine the origins, nature and impact of ZANU PF factionalist tendencies and how a particular faction headed by former Vice President Emmerson Dambudzo Mnangagwa was represented in Zimbabwean public discourses. Drawing from comparative politics, history, media studies and Zimbabwean current affairs, this interdisciplinary narrative detailed how the new media played a central role in precipitating factional implosion in the liberation war based political party (ZANU PF). Clearly, ZANU PF internecine conflicts in and outside the state controlled and new media had far-reaching socio-economic and political ramifications as rival ZANU PF factions resorted to dirty strategies and tactics to try and weaken and outwit each other. These political machinations took the form of slandering, use of hate speech, dissemination of fake news, assassinations and poisoning among others. As the battle for factional supremacy raged on, the Zimbabwean economy continued on a downward spiral due to inter alia policy contradictions and uncertainty but at the end, November 2017 saw Mugabe being unexpectedly deposed in a coup after 37 years in power. This study went on to identify a number of factors that were working against Mugabe’s patient and heir apparent – Mnangagwa, as he sought to take over the reins of power. These included inter alia the presence and close proximity of the G40 faction linked to the first family but opposing the former vice president, his tainted political record as a result of his involvement in the Matabeleland massacre of the Ndebele ethnic group in the 1980s, allegedly masterminding and engineering electoral fraud in 2008 and having been Mugabe's right hand man for almost four decades. On the other hand, findings from this study suggest that Mnangagwa’s liberation war credentials and his close association with the military and the war veterans played a pivotal role in assisting him to land the presidency following Mugabe’s forced resignation or what was defined by many as a coup. While the Lacoste faction eventually prevailed over their G40 rivals, the study concluded that ZANU PF factionalism negatively impacted on governmental decisions, policies and systems and the aftermath of the military coup continues to pose serious challenges to Zimbabwe’s political future however defined.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Mauswa, Desmond Tagara Tavengwa
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: ZANU-PF (Organization : Zimbabwe) Political parties Mass media
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSoc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/12582 , vital:39290
- Description: This thesis sought to critically examine the origins, nature and impact of ZANU PF factionalist tendencies and how a particular faction headed by former Vice President Emmerson Dambudzo Mnangagwa was represented in Zimbabwean public discourses. Drawing from comparative politics, history, media studies and Zimbabwean current affairs, this interdisciplinary narrative detailed how the new media played a central role in precipitating factional implosion in the liberation war based political party (ZANU PF). Clearly, ZANU PF internecine conflicts in and outside the state controlled and new media had far-reaching socio-economic and political ramifications as rival ZANU PF factions resorted to dirty strategies and tactics to try and weaken and outwit each other. These political machinations took the form of slandering, use of hate speech, dissemination of fake news, assassinations and poisoning among others. As the battle for factional supremacy raged on, the Zimbabwean economy continued on a downward spiral due to inter alia policy contradictions and uncertainty but at the end, November 2017 saw Mugabe being unexpectedly deposed in a coup after 37 years in power. This study went on to identify a number of factors that were working against Mugabe’s patient and heir apparent – Mnangagwa, as he sought to take over the reins of power. These included inter alia the presence and close proximity of the G40 faction linked to the first family but opposing the former vice president, his tainted political record as a result of his involvement in the Matabeleland massacre of the Ndebele ethnic group in the 1980s, allegedly masterminding and engineering electoral fraud in 2008 and having been Mugabe's right hand man for almost four decades. On the other hand, findings from this study suggest that Mnangagwa’s liberation war credentials and his close association with the military and the war veterans played a pivotal role in assisting him to land the presidency following Mugabe’s forced resignation or what was defined by many as a coup. While the Lacoste faction eventually prevailed over their G40 rivals, the study concluded that ZANU PF factionalism negatively impacted on governmental decisions, policies and systems and the aftermath of the military coup continues to pose serious challenges to Zimbabwe’s political future however defined.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
Uhlalutyo lwenoveli kamahala ethi: yakhal’ indoda (2010).
- Authors: Nyiki, Phumelela Sibahle
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Literature
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA (African Languages)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18257 , vital:42246
- Description: The aim and scope of this study is to analyse the novel Yakhal’ Indoda (2010) written by Siphiwo Mahala. Since this book was written in the period known as the modern times in the new South Africa, it therefore tends to focus on the issues that disturb the peace of the citizens of South Africa exactly in this period of democratic South Africa. For that reason, the objective of this study is to associate the factors which Mahala has written about with those that are found in the contemporary South Africa which are regarded as issues disturbing the lives of South Africans at present. As it is of importance before the researcher deals with the central issue, there has to be a thorough knowledge of the theory of the subject that is being discussed at hand. The Literature Review with regard to this study takes into account the books written by Satyo, Duka, Brooks and Warren, to mention just a few. These authors, from their different academic perspectives, do their best on explaining the theory of the issues that will be discussed in this study. The Theoretical Framework that will be used in this study consists of the views of the writers who fought for a better political dispensation in the countries that were previously colonized. In this regard, the views of Ngùgì wa Thiong’o, and those of Steve Biko will be assessed in this study. The method that will be used in conducting this research is none other than that of Text Analysis. This simply means the researching student will focus mainly on the books found at the UFH library and other libraries. The chapter titles and their relevant outlines follow below: Chapter One is an introduction for this entire research. This chapter focuses more on the aims of this study, the importance or significance, limitations, methodology to be followed. Furthermore, this chapter gives a brief background of the author of the novel that will be analysed as well as the background of the novel. Chapter Two focuses on the theory of this research. This will be done through two theories. The researcher will first present a theory of the novel, as well as the Postcolonial theory. Under the novel theory, the researcher will discuss some vii features of the novel. However, the researcher’s emphasis will be on the theme that underlies in Mahala’s novel, Yakhal’ Indoda (2010). Chapter Three focuses on the theme of this research. The researcher will analyse the way Mahala portrays crime, corruption, unemployment and poverty in his novel. The researcher then will validate Mahala’s point of view against other authors with regards to the identified problems. Chapter Four focuses on the problems found in the Department of Education as well as rights of women as depicted in Mahala’s novel, Yakhal’ Indoda (2010). This will be accomplished through validation of the experienced and witnessed events in the new South Africa. Chapter Five focuses on the factors and events that are commonly associated with the Departments of Health and in Local Government, which are life threatening to society. This will be done by the researcher, pointing out some problems that Mahala in his book Yakhal’ Indoda (2010) attributes to the mentioned departments. Chapter Six is the general conclusion and exegesis on the study. This chapter gives a brief summary of the previous chapters, the findings regarding this study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020
- Authors: Nyiki, Phumelela Sibahle
- Date: 2020
- Subjects: Literature
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MA (African Languages)
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/18257 , vital:42246
- Description: The aim and scope of this study is to analyse the novel Yakhal’ Indoda (2010) written by Siphiwo Mahala. Since this book was written in the period known as the modern times in the new South Africa, it therefore tends to focus on the issues that disturb the peace of the citizens of South Africa exactly in this period of democratic South Africa. For that reason, the objective of this study is to associate the factors which Mahala has written about with those that are found in the contemporary South Africa which are regarded as issues disturbing the lives of South Africans at present. As it is of importance before the researcher deals with the central issue, there has to be a thorough knowledge of the theory of the subject that is being discussed at hand. The Literature Review with regard to this study takes into account the books written by Satyo, Duka, Brooks and Warren, to mention just a few. These authors, from their different academic perspectives, do their best on explaining the theory of the issues that will be discussed in this study. The Theoretical Framework that will be used in this study consists of the views of the writers who fought for a better political dispensation in the countries that were previously colonized. In this regard, the views of Ngùgì wa Thiong’o, and those of Steve Biko will be assessed in this study. The method that will be used in conducting this research is none other than that of Text Analysis. This simply means the researching student will focus mainly on the books found at the UFH library and other libraries. The chapter titles and their relevant outlines follow below: Chapter One is an introduction for this entire research. This chapter focuses more on the aims of this study, the importance or significance, limitations, methodology to be followed. Furthermore, this chapter gives a brief background of the author of the novel that will be analysed as well as the background of the novel. Chapter Two focuses on the theory of this research. This will be done through two theories. The researcher will first present a theory of the novel, as well as the Postcolonial theory. Under the novel theory, the researcher will discuss some vii features of the novel. However, the researcher’s emphasis will be on the theme that underlies in Mahala’s novel, Yakhal’ Indoda (2010). Chapter Three focuses on the theme of this research. The researcher will analyse the way Mahala portrays crime, corruption, unemployment and poverty in his novel. The researcher then will validate Mahala’s point of view against other authors with regards to the identified problems. Chapter Four focuses on the problems found in the Department of Education as well as rights of women as depicted in Mahala’s novel, Yakhal’ Indoda (2010). This will be accomplished through validation of the experienced and witnessed events in the new South Africa. Chapter Five focuses on the factors and events that are commonly associated with the Departments of Health and in Local Government, which are life threatening to society. This will be done by the researcher, pointing out some problems that Mahala in his book Yakhal’ Indoda (2010) attributes to the mentioned departments. Chapter Six is the general conclusion and exegesis on the study. This chapter gives a brief summary of the previous chapters, the findings regarding this study.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020