In-vitro anti-vibrio activities of crude extracts of Garcinia Kola seeds
- Authors: Penduka, Dambudzo
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Microbial sensitivity tests , Drug resistance in microorganisms , Antibiotics , Garcinia , Medicinal plants
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc (Microbiology)
- Identifier: vital:11256 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/405 , Microbial sensitivity tests , Drug resistance in microorganisms , Antibiotics , Garcinia , Medicinal plants
- Description: The n-Hexane, dichloromethane, methanol and aqueous crude extracts of Garcinia kola (Heckel) seeds were screened for their anti-Vibrio activities against 50 Vibrio bacteria isolated from wastewater final effluents. The 50 isolates consisted of different Vibrio species namely V. fluvialis (14), V. vulnificus (12), V. parahaemolyticus (12), V. metschnikovii (3) and 9 others unidentified to the specie level. The n-Hexane, dichloromethane and methanol extracts had activities against 16 (32 percent) of the Vibrio isolates, while the aqueous extracts had activities against 12 (24 percent) all at a screening concentration of 10 mg/ml. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were 0.313-0.625 mg/ml, 0.313-0.625 mg/ml, 0.313-2.5 mg/ml and 10 mg/ml for n-Hexane, dichloromethane, methanol and aqueous extracts respectively. Rate of kill studies were carried out against three different Vibrio species namely V. vulnificus (AL042), V. parahaemolyticus (AL049) and V. fluvialis ( AL040) using the n-Hexane, dichloromethane and methanol extracts at 1× to 4 × MICs and 2 hour exposure. About 96.3 percent, 82.2 percent, and 78.1 percent (V. fluvialis AL040); 92.6 percent, 87.8 percent and 68.9 percent (V. parahaemolyticus AL049); and 91.6 percent, 64.4 percent, 60 percent (V. vulnificus AL042) of the bacteria were killed by the crude n-Hexane, dichloromethane and methanol extracts respectively after 2 hour exposure time at 4× MIC. The patterns of activity were bacteriostatic, with the n-Hexane extracts being most effective in activity. We conclude that the Garcinia kola seeds have promise in the treatment and management of infections caused by Vibrio species.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
- Authors: Penduka, Dambudzo
- Date: 2011
- Subjects: Microbial sensitivity tests , Drug resistance in microorganisms , Antibiotics , Garcinia , Medicinal plants
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Masters , MSc (Microbiology)
- Identifier: vital:11256 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/405 , Microbial sensitivity tests , Drug resistance in microorganisms , Antibiotics , Garcinia , Medicinal plants
- Description: The n-Hexane, dichloromethane, methanol and aqueous crude extracts of Garcinia kola (Heckel) seeds were screened for their anti-Vibrio activities against 50 Vibrio bacteria isolated from wastewater final effluents. The 50 isolates consisted of different Vibrio species namely V. fluvialis (14), V. vulnificus (12), V. parahaemolyticus (12), V. metschnikovii (3) and 9 others unidentified to the specie level. The n-Hexane, dichloromethane and methanol extracts had activities against 16 (32 percent) of the Vibrio isolates, while the aqueous extracts had activities against 12 (24 percent) all at a screening concentration of 10 mg/ml. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were 0.313-0.625 mg/ml, 0.313-0.625 mg/ml, 0.313-2.5 mg/ml and 10 mg/ml for n-Hexane, dichloromethane, methanol and aqueous extracts respectively. Rate of kill studies were carried out against three different Vibrio species namely V. vulnificus (AL042), V. parahaemolyticus (AL049) and V. fluvialis ( AL040) using the n-Hexane, dichloromethane and methanol extracts at 1× to 4 × MICs and 2 hour exposure. About 96.3 percent, 82.2 percent, and 78.1 percent (V. fluvialis AL040); 92.6 percent, 87.8 percent and 68.9 percent (V. parahaemolyticus AL049); and 91.6 percent, 64.4 percent, 60 percent (V. vulnificus AL042) of the bacteria were killed by the crude n-Hexane, dichloromethane and methanol extracts respectively after 2 hour exposure time at 4× MIC. The patterns of activity were bacteriostatic, with the n-Hexane extracts being most effective in activity. We conclude that the Garcinia kola seeds have promise in the treatment and management of infections caused by Vibrio species.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2011
Assessment of the anti-Listerial properties of Garcinia kola (Heckel) seeds
- Authors: Penduka, Dambudzo
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Microbial sensitivity tests , Garcinia , Medicinal plants , Traditional medicine
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD (Microbiology)
- Identifier: vital:11278 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1015527 , Microbial sensitivity tests , Garcinia , Medicinal plants , Traditional medicine
- Description: A follow-up of traditional medicinal plants uses is an important tool in highlighting their therapeutic potentials, as they have been found to be a source of a wide range of bioactive compounds that can be used as base compounds for new pharmaceutical drugs. This study therefore focuses on assessing the anti-Listerial properties of the seeds of Garcinia kola (Heckel) plant, which is a traditional medicinal plant of west and central African origin, and was and is still used to traditionally treat several ailments. Four different solvents crude extracts of the seeds were assessed for their anti-Listerial activities in-vitro, against a panel of 42 Listeria bacteria, which included Listeria monocytogenes, Listeria ivanovii and Listeria grayi species. At 10 mg/ml concentration the aqueous extract had activity against 29% of the test isolates while the other three crude extracts namely dichloromethane, n-hexane and the methanol extracts had activity against 45% of the test bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranges of the extracts were 0.079-0.313 mg/ml for the dichloromethane extract; 0.079-0.625 mg/ml for the n-hexane extract; 0.157-0.625 mg/ml for the methanol extract; and 10->10 mg/ml for the aqueous extract. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) ranges of the extracts were 0.625–10 mg/ml for both the n-hexane and the dichloromethane extract; 5-10 mg/ml for the methanol extract; and those for the aqueous extract were above 10 mg/ml against all the susceptible Listeria isolates. The rate of kill analysis was then determined for the three most active crude extracts that is excluding the aqueous extract and it was assessed against four representative Listeria species namely L. monocytogenes (LAL 8), L. grayi (LAL 15), L. ivanovii (LEL 30) and L. ivanovii (LEL 18). All the three extracts showed a general trend of being concentration and time dependent in their rate of kill profiles such that most bacteria cells were killed at the highest test concentration of 4× MIC value after the maximum exposure time of 2 h. The n-hexane, dichloromethane and methanol extracts were bactericidal against 4, 3 and 1 isolates out of the four test Listeria isolates respectively.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Penduka, Dambudzo
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: Microbial sensitivity tests , Garcinia , Medicinal plants , Traditional medicine
- Language: English
- Type: Thesis , Doctoral , PhD (Microbiology)
- Identifier: vital:11278 , http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1015527 , Microbial sensitivity tests , Garcinia , Medicinal plants , Traditional medicine
- Description: A follow-up of traditional medicinal plants uses is an important tool in highlighting their therapeutic potentials, as they have been found to be a source of a wide range of bioactive compounds that can be used as base compounds for new pharmaceutical drugs. This study therefore focuses on assessing the anti-Listerial properties of the seeds of Garcinia kola (Heckel) plant, which is a traditional medicinal plant of west and central African origin, and was and is still used to traditionally treat several ailments. Four different solvents crude extracts of the seeds were assessed for their anti-Listerial activities in-vitro, against a panel of 42 Listeria bacteria, which included Listeria monocytogenes, Listeria ivanovii and Listeria grayi species. At 10 mg/ml concentration the aqueous extract had activity against 29% of the test isolates while the other three crude extracts namely dichloromethane, n-hexane and the methanol extracts had activity against 45% of the test bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranges of the extracts were 0.079-0.313 mg/ml for the dichloromethane extract; 0.079-0.625 mg/ml for the n-hexane extract; 0.157-0.625 mg/ml for the methanol extract; and 10->10 mg/ml for the aqueous extract. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) ranges of the extracts were 0.625–10 mg/ml for both the n-hexane and the dichloromethane extract; 5-10 mg/ml for the methanol extract; and those for the aqueous extract were above 10 mg/ml against all the susceptible Listeria isolates. The rate of kill analysis was then determined for the three most active crude extracts that is excluding the aqueous extract and it was assessed against four representative Listeria species namely L. monocytogenes (LAL 8), L. grayi (LAL 15), L. ivanovii (LEL 30) and L. ivanovii (LEL 18). All the three extracts showed a general trend of being concentration and time dependent in their rate of kill profiles such that most bacteria cells were killed at the highest test concentration of 4× MIC value after the maximum exposure time of 2 h. The n-hexane, dichloromethane and methanol extracts were bactericidal against 4, 3 and 1 isolates out of the four test Listeria isolates respectively.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
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