Investigating the role of the South African Schools Choral Eisteddfod in introducing learners to music career
- Authors: Sibene, Vuyelwa
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Choral music -- South Africa , Choral singing -- Instruction and study -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26382 , vital:65298
- Description: This research investigates the role of South African Schools Choral Eisteddfod (SASCE) in introducing learners in high schools to music career. It attempts to identify learners in grade 12 who want to study music at university and students who were involved in SASCE and are now in university. These learners and students have limited music background and are/were involved in the South African Schools Choral Eisteddfod (SASCE) program. Within the study, I felt to also include a graduated music student to validate the study. The study proceeds with the investigation by exploring numerous areas such as SASCE as a music program, music education, music careers, national curriculum, music literacy etc. Also, I write about the background to the study in which I share my motivation and experiences about the SASCE programme and how it influenced me and other former SASCE participants’ decisions about musical careers. Data collection is executed through the involvement of the sampled learner and students through participating in semi-structured interview, document analysis and personal observations. Four interviews which were in qualitative method were conducted with 4 participants, one interview each participant was in a semi-structure form. Interviews were aimed in recognizing the current status of the learner/students in music literacy and are they coping in their respected places of study. The data is analyzed using a qualitative analyses technique. Further, the study outlines problems and one research question of the investigation, 'To which extent do University music students with limited music background succeed or fail to obtain their music degrees?’. , Thesis (BMUS) -- Faculty of Humanities, 2016
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
- Authors: Sibene, Vuyelwa
- Date: 2016
- Subjects: Choral music -- South Africa , Choral singing -- Instruction and study -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/26382 , vital:65298
- Description: This research investigates the role of South African Schools Choral Eisteddfod (SASCE) in introducing learners in high schools to music career. It attempts to identify learners in grade 12 who want to study music at university and students who were involved in SASCE and are now in university. These learners and students have limited music background and are/were involved in the South African Schools Choral Eisteddfod (SASCE) program. Within the study, I felt to also include a graduated music student to validate the study. The study proceeds with the investigation by exploring numerous areas such as SASCE as a music program, music education, music careers, national curriculum, music literacy etc. Also, I write about the background to the study in which I share my motivation and experiences about the SASCE programme and how it influenced me and other former SASCE participants’ decisions about musical careers. Data collection is executed through the involvement of the sampled learner and students through participating in semi-structured interview, document analysis and personal observations. Four interviews which were in qualitative method were conducted with 4 participants, one interview each participant was in a semi-structure form. Interviews were aimed in recognizing the current status of the learner/students in music literacy and are they coping in their respected places of study. The data is analyzed using a qualitative analyses technique. Further, the study outlines problems and one research question of the investigation, 'To which extent do University music students with limited music background succeed or fail to obtain their music degrees?’. , Thesis (BMUS) -- Faculty of Humanities, 2016
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2016
Exploring visual probability teaching strategies for enhancing mathematical thinking in grade 11 classrooms
- Nghidinwa, Lavinia Tangi-Jehova
- Authors: Nghidinwa, Lavinia Tangi-Jehova
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Mathematics Study and teaching (Secondary) Namibia , Probabilities , Visualization , Learning models (Stochastic processes) , VIPROMaths project
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/192002 , vital:45187
- Description: This Namibian case study aimed to explore the use of visualisation tools associated with different teaching strategies in the teaching of probability concepts in Grade 11 by selected teachers, to promote mathematical thinking. This research project is an integral component of the VIPROMaths project whose goal is to research the effective use of visualisation strategies in the mathematics classroom in the Southern African region. As a mathematics teacher, I have observed that mathematics teaching practices in our classrooms have relatively little connection with actual mathematics and as a result, teaching misses opportunities to promote mathematical thinking. This qualitative case study is underpinned by an interpretive paradigm and it is informed by the dual coding theory. Data was collected through survey questionnaires, reflective journals, field notes, observation schedules and stimulus-recall interviews. Firstly, I piloted my study by conducting a survey with the Grade 10-12 mathematics teachers in the Khomas region. The aim of this survey was to understand and explore how teachers in the Khomas region taught probability prior to the intervention programme. The data was analysed quantitatively using descriptive statistics such as tables and bar graphs. The findings from the survey necessitated the need for an intervention programme with some teachers in the region, focused on the use of visual tools to promote mathematical thinking. Lastly, three schools were selected from which three Grade 11 mathematics teachers were chosen to take part in an intervention programme. The goal was to observe how these three teachers use visual probability teaching strategies to enhance mathematical thinking after participating in an intervention programme. Lesson observations showed that all observed teachers used visual models to generate images and used models to develop a probability idea as well as to create platforms for classroom discussions. Interviews revealed that teachers’ views towards probability have shifted from that of being the centre of knowledge to that of a facilitator. As a result, teachers used different models to build on learners’ prior knowledge, to assess whether they grasped the probability concept and extend their teaching to real-life situations. This study concluded that the teachers need to consider using mathematical models for creating a platform for discussion to ensure that their verbal explanations are in line with the visuals incorporated. Coupled with that, the teachers’ correct use of visual probability teaching strategies has the potential of enhancing learners’ mathematical thinking. Therefore, teachers need to teach the learners how to create visuals for enhancing maximise understanding of probability concepts in mathematics. Furthermore, it is hoped that the findings will be useful to mathematics teachers, scholars and educators to improve the teaching of probability. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, Education, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
- Authors: Nghidinwa, Lavinia Tangi-Jehova
- Date: 2021-10-29
- Subjects: Mathematics Study and teaching (Secondary) Namibia , Probabilities , Visualization , Learning models (Stochastic processes) , VIPROMaths project
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/192002 , vital:45187
- Description: This Namibian case study aimed to explore the use of visualisation tools associated with different teaching strategies in the teaching of probability concepts in Grade 11 by selected teachers, to promote mathematical thinking. This research project is an integral component of the VIPROMaths project whose goal is to research the effective use of visualisation strategies in the mathematics classroom in the Southern African region. As a mathematics teacher, I have observed that mathematics teaching practices in our classrooms have relatively little connection with actual mathematics and as a result, teaching misses opportunities to promote mathematical thinking. This qualitative case study is underpinned by an interpretive paradigm and it is informed by the dual coding theory. Data was collected through survey questionnaires, reflective journals, field notes, observation schedules and stimulus-recall interviews. Firstly, I piloted my study by conducting a survey with the Grade 10-12 mathematics teachers in the Khomas region. The aim of this survey was to understand and explore how teachers in the Khomas region taught probability prior to the intervention programme. The data was analysed quantitatively using descriptive statistics such as tables and bar graphs. The findings from the survey necessitated the need for an intervention programme with some teachers in the region, focused on the use of visual tools to promote mathematical thinking. Lastly, three schools were selected from which three Grade 11 mathematics teachers were chosen to take part in an intervention programme. The goal was to observe how these three teachers use visual probability teaching strategies to enhance mathematical thinking after participating in an intervention programme. Lesson observations showed that all observed teachers used visual models to generate images and used models to develop a probability idea as well as to create platforms for classroom discussions. Interviews revealed that teachers’ views towards probability have shifted from that of being the centre of knowledge to that of a facilitator. As a result, teachers used different models to build on learners’ prior knowledge, to assess whether they grasped the probability concept and extend their teaching to real-life situations. This study concluded that the teachers need to consider using mathematical models for creating a platform for discussion to ensure that their verbal explanations are in line with the visuals incorporated. Coupled with that, the teachers’ correct use of visual probability teaching strategies has the potential of enhancing learners’ mathematical thinking. Therefore, teachers need to teach the learners how to create visuals for enhancing maximise understanding of probability concepts in mathematics. Furthermore, it is hoped that the findings will be useful to mathematics teachers, scholars and educators to improve the teaching of probability. , Thesis (MEd) -- Faculty of Education, Education, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-10-29
Women's and health workers’ Voices in open, inclusive communities and effective spaces (VOICES)
- Kuhlmann, Serbert, Gullo, Sara, Galavotti, Christine, Grant, Carolyn, Cavatore, Maria, Posnock, Samuel
- Authors: Kuhlmann, Serbert , Gullo, Sara , Galavotti, Christine , Grant, Carolyn , Cavatore, Maria , Posnock, Samuel
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/281190 , vital:55700 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12209"
- Description: Given the growing popularity of the social accountability approach to governance, we developed and tested measures of governance outcomes to evaluate maternal and reproductive health social accountability interventions. We articulate a theory of change for how CARE's Community Score Card©, a social accountability approach, 1) empowers women, 2) empowers health workers and 3) creates expanded, inclusive and effective spaces for the two to interact. Our measures worked well in surveys of women and health workers. For women, eight of 13 scales had alphas ≥.70. For health workers, five of 11 scales were ≥.70; four were .60–.69. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to develop comprehensive measures of governance outcomes to evaluate a social accountability approach for maternal and reproductive health.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
- Authors: Kuhlmann, Serbert , Gullo, Sara , Galavotti, Christine , Grant, Carolyn , Cavatore, Maria , Posnock, Samuel
- Date: 2017
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/281190 , vital:55700 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12209"
- Description: Given the growing popularity of the social accountability approach to governance, we developed and tested measures of governance outcomes to evaluate maternal and reproductive health social accountability interventions. We articulate a theory of change for how CARE's Community Score Card©, a social accountability approach, 1) empowers women, 2) empowers health workers and 3) creates expanded, inclusive and effective spaces for the two to interact. Our measures worked well in surveys of women and health workers. For women, eight of 13 scales had alphas ≥.70. For health workers, five of 11 scales were ≥.70; four were .60–.69. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to develop comprehensive measures of governance outcomes to evaluate a social accountability approach for maternal and reproductive health.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2017
The rights of children in youth care centres
- Authors: Ngodwana, Gugulethu
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Juvenile delinquents
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51193 , vital:43230
- Description: Poverty is prevalent in the Eastern Cape Province. As a result of poverty and other related factors, there is an increase on percentage of crime. There is a number of case laws where children have been found guilty of committing very serious criminal offences in the Eastern Cape. They are contributing high percentage in crime. In the past, before the dawn of the new constitutional dispensation, children in conflict with the law were not treated any different to adults who were in conflict with the law. There was no separate legislation that was child specific. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Laws, Criminal and Procedural Law, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Ngodwana, Gugulethu
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Gqeberha (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , Juvenile delinquents
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/51193 , vital:43230
- Description: Poverty is prevalent in the Eastern Cape Province. As a result of poverty and other related factors, there is an increase on percentage of crime. There is a number of case laws where children have been found guilty of committing very serious criminal offences in the Eastern Cape. They are contributing high percentage in crime. In the past, before the dawn of the new constitutional dispensation, children in conflict with the law were not treated any different to adults who were in conflict with the law. There was no separate legislation that was child specific. , Thesis (LLM) -- Faculty of Laws, Criminal and Procedural Law, 2021
- Full Text: false
- Date Issued: 2021-04
More than just fields: Reframing deagrarianisation in landscapes and livelihoods
- Hebinck, Paul, Mtati, Nosiseko, Shackleton, Charlie M
- Authors: Hebinck, Paul , Mtati, Nosiseko , Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/180322 , vital:43353 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2018.01.004"
- Description: This paper discusses the emergent properties of deagrarianisation processes in two villages in the central Eastern Cape, South Africa. The claim of is that much of the deagrarianisation literature and debate does not acknowledge the importance of landscapes and the interaction between their constituent elements, notably people, forests, grasslands, fields, grazing lands, open spaces, built environments and homesteads, all of which contribute to shaping and, in turn, are shaped by livelihoods. Conceptualising a landscape as a spatial entity and associated assemblage of practices, discourses and history, this paper dissects the landscape in terms of land uses for residential and cultural purposes, growing, grazing and gathering. These land use categories together represent the rural domain to which the villagers are attached as a place and a home. Their use of the land is not necessarily oriented to fully exploring its productive potential. The article explores the transformation from a productive landscape to one which largely hinges on consumption. The blurring of boundaries between the formally designated land use categories signifies the transformations occurring in many of the rural areas in the former homelands of South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Hebinck, Paul , Mtati, Nosiseko , Shackleton, Charlie M
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/180322 , vital:43353 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2018.01.004"
- Description: This paper discusses the emergent properties of deagrarianisation processes in two villages in the central Eastern Cape, South Africa. The claim of is that much of the deagrarianisation literature and debate does not acknowledge the importance of landscapes and the interaction between their constituent elements, notably people, forests, grasslands, fields, grazing lands, open spaces, built environments and homesteads, all of which contribute to shaping and, in turn, are shaped by livelihoods. Conceptualising a landscape as a spatial entity and associated assemblage of practices, discourses and history, this paper dissects the landscape in terms of land uses for residential and cultural purposes, growing, grazing and gathering. These land use categories together represent the rural domain to which the villagers are attached as a place and a home. Their use of the land is not necessarily oriented to fully exploring its productive potential. The article explores the transformation from a productive landscape to one which largely hinges on consumption. The blurring of boundaries between the formally designated land use categories signifies the transformations occurring in many of the rural areas in the former homelands of South Africa.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
An anthropological investigation on academic performance of grade 12 learners: selected schools in King William’s Town, Eastern Cape
- Authors: Stuart, Sinaed
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Port Elizabeth (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/54816 , vital:47910
- Description: The Eastern Cape is one of the poorest provinces in South Africa. The level of poverty, and lack of basic resources has given way to inadequacies in many of the services available to communities. From improper infrastructure, to a flawed or lacking public education system. Past and future research into the inadequacies and inequity that exists in the public education system need to act as a catalyst to policy changes, and intervention implementations to solve the issues that continue to persist. This study focuses on the factors that influence the academic performance of learners in matric in King Williams Town. The importance of this research is to investigate the issues that negatively impact on the performance of Grade 12 learners at Breidbach High School. Further, the importance of this study is to share the findings of the research with community members as well as the Department of Basic Education with the view and hope that they will address these issues. The research question is: What are the factors influencing academic performance of Grade 12 learners at Breidbach High School in Breidbach outside King Williams Town? The research objectives are as follows: to investigate and highlight factors associated with poor academic performance in the participating high school at Breidbach in King Williams Town, to contribute within the anthropology of education, adding to an already existing body of knowledge, with specific reference to the participating high school in King William’s Town and to come up with the recommendations with the view of addressing some of the challenges faced by the participating high school in King Williams Town. The study followed a qualitative approach which included various techniques and ethical compliance was adhered to. For the proposed study, the researcher will use ‘academic performance’ as a guideline for the conceptual framework. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Stuart, Sinaed
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Port Elizabeth (South Africa) , Eastern Cape (South Africa) , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/54816 , vital:47910
- Description: The Eastern Cape is one of the poorest provinces in South Africa. The level of poverty, and lack of basic resources has given way to inadequacies in many of the services available to communities. From improper infrastructure, to a flawed or lacking public education system. Past and future research into the inadequacies and inequity that exists in the public education system need to act as a catalyst to policy changes, and intervention implementations to solve the issues that continue to persist. This study focuses on the factors that influence the academic performance of learners in matric in King Williams Town. The importance of this research is to investigate the issues that negatively impact on the performance of Grade 12 learners at Breidbach High School. Further, the importance of this study is to share the findings of the research with community members as well as the Department of Basic Education with the view and hope that they will address these issues. The research question is: What are the factors influencing academic performance of Grade 12 learners at Breidbach High School in Breidbach outside King Williams Town? The research objectives are as follows: to investigate and highlight factors associated with poor academic performance in the participating high school at Breidbach in King Williams Town, to contribute within the anthropology of education, adding to an already existing body of knowledge, with specific reference to the participating high school in King William’s Town and to come up with the recommendations with the view of addressing some of the challenges faced by the participating high school in King Williams Town. The study followed a qualitative approach which included various techniques and ethical compliance was adhered to. For the proposed study, the researcher will use ‘academic performance’ as a guideline for the conceptual framework. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
The Effects of Alcohol and Sunstance Abuse on Productivity in the Sundays River Valley Citrus Industry
- Authors: Fick, Gerard Hendrik
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Substance abuse , Citrus fruit industry , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57654 , vital:58191
- Description: COVID-19 has created a new world to conduct business and few industries were fortunate enough to continue to operate as essential services throughout the pandemic. The South African Citrus Industry was one of these industries. During this pandemic, certain amenities were regarded as dangerous and potentially a contributor to the spread of the COVID-19 virus. Alcohol was deemed one of these contributors. During the lockdown regulations implemented in March of 2020, the Sundays River Valley Citrus Industry noticed certain interesting developments concerning labour and productivity. Initial review of the effects of alcohol and substance abuse on the productivity of citrus workers, revealed limited research into the broader South African Citrus Industry, with more focus on the Western Cape and related wine farms. The aim of this research study is to identify the impact of alcohol and substance abuse on productivity within the Sundays River Valley Citrus Industry. Specifically focusing on absenteeism, workers injuries on duty and workplace incidents pertaining to disciplinary processes. The research further aims to add a monetary value to the implication of these events on the Sundays River Valley Citrus Industry and the possible management strategies involved to remediate the potential affects thereof. This study uses the phenomenological and case study research approaches focusing on the workplace of the researcher within the Sundays River Valley Citrus Industry. Using qualitative content analysis during the interview process, the themes and findings were evaluated alongside the research questions and was found to be in agreement with the views flowing from the research data. The analysis further revealed that Sundays River Valley Citrus Industry is in need of adequate management strategies due to the seasonal nature of the industry to improve labourer job satisfaction and in turn productivity and efficiency. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
- Authors: Fick, Gerard Hendrik
- Date: 2022-04
- Subjects: Substance abuse , Citrus fruit industry , South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/57654 , vital:58191
- Description: COVID-19 has created a new world to conduct business and few industries were fortunate enough to continue to operate as essential services throughout the pandemic. The South African Citrus Industry was one of these industries. During this pandemic, certain amenities were regarded as dangerous and potentially a contributor to the spread of the COVID-19 virus. Alcohol was deemed one of these contributors. During the lockdown regulations implemented in March of 2020, the Sundays River Valley Citrus Industry noticed certain interesting developments concerning labour and productivity. Initial review of the effects of alcohol and substance abuse on the productivity of citrus workers, revealed limited research into the broader South African Citrus Industry, with more focus on the Western Cape and related wine farms. The aim of this research study is to identify the impact of alcohol and substance abuse on productivity within the Sundays River Valley Citrus Industry. Specifically focusing on absenteeism, workers injuries on duty and workplace incidents pertaining to disciplinary processes. The research further aims to add a monetary value to the implication of these events on the Sundays River Valley Citrus Industry and the possible management strategies involved to remediate the potential affects thereof. This study uses the phenomenological and case study research approaches focusing on the workplace of the researcher within the Sundays River Valley Citrus Industry. Using qualitative content analysis during the interview process, the themes and findings were evaluated alongside the research questions and was found to be in agreement with the views flowing from the research data. The analysis further revealed that Sundays River Valley Citrus Industry is in need of adequate management strategies due to the seasonal nature of the industry to improve labourer job satisfaction and in turn productivity and efficiency. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Business and Economic science, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04
Improved Photophysical and Photochemical Properties of Thiopheneethoxy Substituted Metallophthalocyanines on Immobilization onto Gold‐speckled Silica Nanoparticles
- Dube, Edith, Oluwole, David O, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Dube, Edith , Oluwole, David O , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/187699 , vital:44688 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1111/php.12879"
- Description: This work reports on the synthesis of tetrakis-[(thiophineethoxy) phthalocyaninato] indium(II) chloride (3). The photophysical behavior of complex 3 was compared to that of the Zn derivative (tetrakis-[(thiophineethoxy) phthalocyaninato] zinc(II) (complex 2)). The compounds were interacted with gold-speckled silica (GSS) nanoparticles via Au–S self assembly to afford the conjugates (2–GSS and 3–GSS). The photophysicochemical behavior of the compounds and their conjugates were assessed. The conjugates afforded a decrease in fluorescence quantum yields and lifetimes with improved triplet and singlet oxygen quantum yields in comparison with complexes 2 and 3 alone. The complexes and their conjugates could serve as good candidates for photodynamic therapy.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
- Authors: Dube, Edith , Oluwole, David O , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2018
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/187699 , vital:44688 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1111/php.12879"
- Description: This work reports on the synthesis of tetrakis-[(thiophineethoxy) phthalocyaninato] indium(II) chloride (3). The photophysical behavior of complex 3 was compared to that of the Zn derivative (tetrakis-[(thiophineethoxy) phthalocyaninato] zinc(II) (complex 2)). The compounds were interacted with gold-speckled silica (GSS) nanoparticles via Au–S self assembly to afford the conjugates (2–GSS and 3–GSS). The photophysicochemical behavior of the compounds and their conjugates were assessed. The conjugates afforded a decrease in fluorescence quantum yields and lifetimes with improved triplet and singlet oxygen quantum yields in comparison with complexes 2 and 3 alone. The complexes and their conjugates could serve as good candidates for photodynamic therapy.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2018
The incorporation of GeoGebra as a visualisation tool to teach calculus in teacher education institutions: the Zambian case
- Authors: Kangwa, Lemmy
- Date: 2022-10-14
- Subjects: GeoGebra , Calculus Study and teaching (Secondary) Zambia , Visual learning
- Language: English
- Type: Academic theses , Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/405470 , vital:70174 , DOI
- Description: This qualitative case study investigated teacher educators’ (lecturers) use of the dynamic mathematics software, GeoGebra, to teach calculus in three teacher education institutions (TEIs) in Zambia. Visualisation, a key characteristic of GeoGebra, is increasingly gaining recognition of playing a critical role in mathematics teaching and learning, especially in problem solving tasks. It is considered a powerful didactical tool for students to construct mental and physical representations that can enhance conceptual understanding of mathematics. GeoGebra is a visualisation tool that can be used for problem-oriented teaching and foster mathematical experiments and discoveries. GeoGebra’s inherent visualisation characteristics align well with the teaching of calculus, the mathematical domain of this study. The study (whose research methodology was underpinned by the interpretive paradigm) was undertaken with a broader goal of designing and implementing GeoGebra applets and instructional materials on various calculus topics. The study is located within the “Teaching and Learning Mathematics with GeoGebra (TLMG) project” – a project that involves mathematics teachers and lecturers in Zambia. The case in this study is the six mathematics lecturers who co-designed and used GeoGebra applets to teach derivatives and integrals to pre-service mathematics teachers in TEIs. The unit of analysis therefore is the six lecturers’ use of GeoGebra as a visualisation tool to teach calculus to enhance conceptual understanding, their perceptions and experiences of using GeoGebra and the enabling and constraining factors of using GeoGebra to teach and learn mathematics. The data for the study were video recordings of observations and interviews of lecturers. The data was analysed thematically and was guided and informed by an analytical framework adopted from the theory of constructivism – the umbrella theoretical framework of this study – and the models of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK), and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). A detailed analysis of the lecturers’ interactions with the applets enabled me to gain insights into the participants’ experiences and perceptions of GeoGebra applets in the teaching and learning process. The findings of the study revealed that the visualisation characteristics of GeoGebra generally enhanced the conceptual understanding of calculus. It also revealed that adequate training, coupled with sufficient knowledge of the subject matter in calculus, were necessary for lecturers to use GeoGebra effectively, and that the lack of resources and expertise were major hindrances in the use of GeoGebra to teach mathematics in TEIs. It also revealed that there is a need to equip GeoGebra with other features that would make it more versatile, and suggested a teaching approach that would complement the use of conventional methods and GeoGebra to provide a link between abstract and concrete concepts of calculus. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Education, Education, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-10-14
- Authors: Kangwa, Lemmy
- Date: 2022-10-14
- Subjects: GeoGebra , Calculus Study and teaching (Secondary) Zambia , Visual learning
- Language: English
- Type: Academic theses , Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/405470 , vital:70174 , DOI
- Description: This qualitative case study investigated teacher educators’ (lecturers) use of the dynamic mathematics software, GeoGebra, to teach calculus in three teacher education institutions (TEIs) in Zambia. Visualisation, a key characteristic of GeoGebra, is increasingly gaining recognition of playing a critical role in mathematics teaching and learning, especially in problem solving tasks. It is considered a powerful didactical tool for students to construct mental and physical representations that can enhance conceptual understanding of mathematics. GeoGebra is a visualisation tool that can be used for problem-oriented teaching and foster mathematical experiments and discoveries. GeoGebra’s inherent visualisation characteristics align well with the teaching of calculus, the mathematical domain of this study. The study (whose research methodology was underpinned by the interpretive paradigm) was undertaken with a broader goal of designing and implementing GeoGebra applets and instructional materials on various calculus topics. The study is located within the “Teaching and Learning Mathematics with GeoGebra (TLMG) project” – a project that involves mathematics teachers and lecturers in Zambia. The case in this study is the six mathematics lecturers who co-designed and used GeoGebra applets to teach derivatives and integrals to pre-service mathematics teachers in TEIs. The unit of analysis therefore is the six lecturers’ use of GeoGebra as a visualisation tool to teach calculus to enhance conceptual understanding, their perceptions and experiences of using GeoGebra and the enabling and constraining factors of using GeoGebra to teach and learn mathematics. The data for the study were video recordings of observations and interviews of lecturers. The data was analysed thematically and was guided and informed by an analytical framework adopted from the theory of constructivism – the umbrella theoretical framework of this study – and the models of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK), and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). A detailed analysis of the lecturers’ interactions with the applets enabled me to gain insights into the participants’ experiences and perceptions of GeoGebra applets in the teaching and learning process. The findings of the study revealed that the visualisation characteristics of GeoGebra generally enhanced the conceptual understanding of calculus. It also revealed that adequate training, coupled with sufficient knowledge of the subject matter in calculus, were necessary for lecturers to use GeoGebra effectively, and that the lack of resources and expertise were major hindrances in the use of GeoGebra to teach mathematics in TEIs. It also revealed that there is a need to equip GeoGebra with other features that would make it more versatile, and suggested a teaching approach that would complement the use of conventional methods and GeoGebra to provide a link between abstract and concrete concepts of calculus. , Thesis (PhD) -- Faculty of Education, Education, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-10-14
Exploring the principles of conflict management in community policing: a case study of Broadlands Park
- Authors: De Lange, Romeo
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Conflict management -- South Africa -- Cape Town , Community policing -- South Africa -- Cape Town
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52435 , vital:43642
- Description: Conflict management is about an intervention to help resolve a conflict, and to prevent any harmful outbreak through a process which encourages the interaction of different knowledge, skills and attitudes, towards effectively resolving conflict between people and organisations. The differences of opinion between the police and community causes issues of mistrust and disrespect and can be indicative of a fundamental conflict between them. This treatise explores the principles of conflict management in community policing. The study examines the different theories relating to conflict and the interdisciplinary perspectives on conflict management styles and how this literature relates to community policing. The study applied the interpretive paradigm as a qualitative design to understand the social reality experiences of participants in the empirical study of community policing and how they perceived the research problem; namely, the trust relationships between police officials and community members. A purposive sampling method was used and five Community Police Forum members and five former police officials participated and provided abundant and accurate data that assisted in answering the research questions and guided the researcher towards suitable conflict management tools for community policing. Coding procedures and thematic analysis were applied in the study to perform the data analysis. The findings suggest that utilising conflict management principles can be useful as a tool to manage conflict between the community and police; particular in gang and drug related crime areas. The results of the research study appear to suggest how conflict management in community policing can be applied to alleviate the negative impact conflict is having on community policing. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: De Lange, Romeo
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: Conflict management -- South Africa -- Cape Town , Community policing -- South Africa -- Cape Town
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/52435 , vital:43642
- Description: Conflict management is about an intervention to help resolve a conflict, and to prevent any harmful outbreak through a process which encourages the interaction of different knowledge, skills and attitudes, towards effectively resolving conflict between people and organisations. The differences of opinion between the police and community causes issues of mistrust and disrespect and can be indicative of a fundamental conflict between them. This treatise explores the principles of conflict management in community policing. The study examines the different theories relating to conflict and the interdisciplinary perspectives on conflict management styles and how this literature relates to community policing. The study applied the interpretive paradigm as a qualitative design to understand the social reality experiences of participants in the empirical study of community policing and how they perceived the research problem; namely, the trust relationships between police officials and community members. A purposive sampling method was used and five Community Police Forum members and five former police officials participated and provided abundant and accurate data that assisted in answering the research questions and guided the researcher towards suitable conflict management tools for community policing. Coding procedures and thematic analysis were applied in the study to perform the data analysis. The findings suggest that utilising conflict management principles can be useful as a tool to manage conflict between the community and police; particular in gang and drug related crime areas. The results of the research study appear to suggest how conflict management in community policing can be applied to alleviate the negative impact conflict is having on community policing. , Thesis (MA) -- Faculty of Humanities, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Urban fuelwood demand and markets in a small town in South Africa: Livelihood vulnerability and alien plant control
- Shackleton, Charlie M, McConnachie, Matthew M, Chauke, Maphambe I, Mentz, J, Sutherland, F, Gambiza, James, Jones, R
- Authors: Shackleton, Charlie M , McConnachie, Matthew M , Chauke, Maphambe I , Mentz, J , Sutherland, F , Gambiza, James , Jones, R
- Date: 2006
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/181224 , vital:43710 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1080/13504500609469697"
- Description: Fuelwood is the primary energy for most households throughout the developing world. With increasing urbanization and declining local availability of fuelwood, a growing proportion of households obtain their fuelwood by purchasing it. These fuelwood markets are the key nexus in supply and demand scenarios and can be potentially significant points for intervention to address energy security amongst the urban poor. This paper reports on the fuelwood demand and marketing in a small town in South Africa. Despite the availability of more modern fuels and state subsidization of electricity, fuelwood was still used by half the households. Annual demand was 1.2 t per household. Over half of the households bought their fuelwood requirements because local stocks were limited. Those households that did collect their own fuelwood were significantly poorer than households that purchased fuelwood, as well as households that did not use fuelwood at all. Fuelwood markets operated through 45-60 vendors who transported fuelwood from further afield. Income from the fuelwood trade was low, but was strongly linked to hours worked. Thus, vendors working a full week did earn a meaningful income, especially in the context of high unemployment in the area. Fuelwood vendors also provided casual employment opportunities for unskilled labour. Most vendors harvested fuelwood from commonage lands, with most of the wood being from alien species. Local stocks of wood are declining in the face of constant transformation of commonage to residential areas, and a national water and biodiversity conservation programme to eradicate alien plants. This decline poses a threat to the financial viability of fuelwood markets. Yet, an opportunity exists to incorporate the vendors into the alien plant clearing programme, since they already perform such a function.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
- Authors: Shackleton, Charlie M , McConnachie, Matthew M , Chauke, Maphambe I , Mentz, J , Sutherland, F , Gambiza, James , Jones, R
- Date: 2006
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/181224 , vital:43710 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1080/13504500609469697"
- Description: Fuelwood is the primary energy for most households throughout the developing world. With increasing urbanization and declining local availability of fuelwood, a growing proportion of households obtain their fuelwood by purchasing it. These fuelwood markets are the key nexus in supply and demand scenarios and can be potentially significant points for intervention to address energy security amongst the urban poor. This paper reports on the fuelwood demand and marketing in a small town in South Africa. Despite the availability of more modern fuels and state subsidization of electricity, fuelwood was still used by half the households. Annual demand was 1.2 t per household. Over half of the households bought their fuelwood requirements because local stocks were limited. Those households that did collect their own fuelwood were significantly poorer than households that purchased fuelwood, as well as households that did not use fuelwood at all. Fuelwood markets operated through 45-60 vendors who transported fuelwood from further afield. Income from the fuelwood trade was low, but was strongly linked to hours worked. Thus, vendors working a full week did earn a meaningful income, especially in the context of high unemployment in the area. Fuelwood vendors also provided casual employment opportunities for unskilled labour. Most vendors harvested fuelwood from commonage lands, with most of the wood being from alien species. Local stocks of wood are declining in the face of constant transformation of commonage to residential areas, and a national water and biodiversity conservation programme to eradicate alien plants. This decline poses a threat to the financial viability of fuelwood markets. Yet, an opportunity exists to incorporate the vendors into the alien plant clearing programme, since they already perform such a function.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2006
Electrocatalytic and photosensitizing behavior of metallophthalocyanine complexes
- Authors: Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/265908 , vital:53899 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1142/S1088424608000388"
- Description: Electrocatalytic or photosensitizing (photocatalytic) properties of metallophthalocyanine (MPc) complexes are dependent on the central metal. Electrocatalytic behavior is observed for electroactive central metals such as Co, Mn and Fe, whereas photosensitizing behavior is observed for diamagnetic metals such as Al, Zn and Si. In the presence of nanoparticles such as quantum dots, the photosensitizing behavior of MPc complexes is improved. Carbon nanotubes enhance the electrocatalytic behavior of MPc complexes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
- Authors: Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2008
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/265908 , vital:53899 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1142/S1088424608000388"
- Description: Electrocatalytic or photosensitizing (photocatalytic) properties of metallophthalocyanine (MPc) complexes are dependent on the central metal. Electrocatalytic behavior is observed for electroactive central metals such as Co, Mn and Fe, whereas photosensitizing behavior is observed for diamagnetic metals such as Al, Zn and Si. In the presence of nanoparticles such as quantum dots, the photosensitizing behavior of MPc complexes is improved. Carbon nanotubes enhance the electrocatalytic behavior of MPc complexes.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2008
The effectiveness of networking and collaboration in creative hubs: a case of Hub@Goethe
- Authors: De Beer, Magdalena Gertruda
- Date: 2022-04-06
- Subjects: Cultural industries South Africa , Cultural industries Economic aspects South Africa , Economic development projects South Africa , Social entrepreneurship South Africa , Creative ability Economic aspects South Africa , Social capital (Sociology) South Africa , Social networks South Africa , Hub@Goethe
- Language: English
- Type: Academic theses , Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/284504 , vital:56069
- Description: This research took the form of a case study investigating the effectiveness of a single hub in South Africa, namely Hub@Goethe in Johannesburg. The context of the creative economy and creative industries provided insight into the experiences of creative cultural labourers in the new economic model. The context emphasised the research problem which considered the difficulties experienced by creative and cultural entrepreneurs and their career paths who, through labour precarity, remain isolated from the market, without access to physical spaces, network connections and business knowledge to realise their business ideas. The literature reviewed revealed how co-working office spaces, creative spaces and hubs provide creative entrepreneurs with the spatial infrastructure, amenities, and network access to mitigate challenges in the creative cultural sectors. These spaces offer a multitude of different amenities which is specific to their community’s needs. Guided by the theory of social capital and structural holes reviewed in the literature, the effectiveness was assessed by the hub’s ability to provide network access benefits or resource endowments. The research looked at whether the hub could provide creative cultural entrepreneurs with resource benefits such as a) access to social interactions, collaboration, and knowledge sharing, b) access to business or professional skills-based education programmes and mentorship, c) access to market and d) generation both social and economic benefit. The research adopted a qualitative approach, seeking insights into the creative entrepreneurs’ experiences at the hub utilising one-to-one interviews. The thematic analysis confirmed that the hub was effective overall in providing entrepreneurs with access to benefits or resource endowments embedded in the network, confirming that hubs may be an effective tool in mitigating difficulties experienced by creative entrepreneurs in the creative industries. The research also showed areas of improvement where the hub could increase its experienced effectiveness, especially in reference to routes to market. The research findings inferred the importance of physical space, proximity and accessibility has on collaborative practices amongst creative entrepreneurs within the hub space. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Commerce, Rhodes Business School, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04-06
- Authors: De Beer, Magdalena Gertruda
- Date: 2022-04-06
- Subjects: Cultural industries South Africa , Cultural industries Economic aspects South Africa , Economic development projects South Africa , Social entrepreneurship South Africa , Creative ability Economic aspects South Africa , Social capital (Sociology) South Africa , Social networks South Africa , Hub@Goethe
- Language: English
- Type: Academic theses , Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/284504 , vital:56069
- Description: This research took the form of a case study investigating the effectiveness of a single hub in South Africa, namely Hub@Goethe in Johannesburg. The context of the creative economy and creative industries provided insight into the experiences of creative cultural labourers in the new economic model. The context emphasised the research problem which considered the difficulties experienced by creative and cultural entrepreneurs and their career paths who, through labour precarity, remain isolated from the market, without access to physical spaces, network connections and business knowledge to realise their business ideas. The literature reviewed revealed how co-working office spaces, creative spaces and hubs provide creative entrepreneurs with the spatial infrastructure, amenities, and network access to mitigate challenges in the creative cultural sectors. These spaces offer a multitude of different amenities which is specific to their community’s needs. Guided by the theory of social capital and structural holes reviewed in the literature, the effectiveness was assessed by the hub’s ability to provide network access benefits or resource endowments. The research looked at whether the hub could provide creative cultural entrepreneurs with resource benefits such as a) access to social interactions, collaboration, and knowledge sharing, b) access to business or professional skills-based education programmes and mentorship, c) access to market and d) generation both social and economic benefit. The research adopted a qualitative approach, seeking insights into the creative entrepreneurs’ experiences at the hub utilising one-to-one interviews. The thematic analysis confirmed that the hub was effective overall in providing entrepreneurs with access to benefits or resource endowments embedded in the network, confirming that hubs may be an effective tool in mitigating difficulties experienced by creative entrepreneurs in the creative industries. The research also showed areas of improvement where the hub could increase its experienced effectiveness, especially in reference to routes to market. The research findings inferred the importance of physical space, proximity and accessibility has on collaborative practices amongst creative entrepreneurs within the hub space. , Thesis (MBA) -- Faculty of Commerce, Rhodes Business School, 2022
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022-04-06
Spectral properties and photophysical behaviour of water soluble cationic Mg (II) and Al (III) phthalocyanines
- Idowu, Mopelola A, Arslanoğlu, Yasin, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Idowu, Mopelola A , Arslanoğlu, Yasin , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/241549 , vital:50949 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.2478/s11532-013-0388-z"
- Description: Peripherally and non-peripherally tetrasubstituted-[(N-methyl-2-pyridylthio)]phthalocyaninato magnesium (II) (5 and 6) and chloro aluminium (III) (7 and 8) tetraiodide have been synthesized and characterized. The photophysical properties of the complexes in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and aqueous medium in the presence and absence of cremophore EL have been studied. These complexes show high solubility in aqueous medium though they were aggregated. The triplet state quantum yields (FT) and the triplet lifetimes (tT) were found to be higher in DMSO with ΦT ranging from 0.32 to 0.51, while tT ranged from 282 to 622 ms in DMSO, compared to aqueous medium (pH 7.4 buffer) where ΦT ranged from 0.15 to 0.19 and tT from 26 to 35 ms. Addition of cremophore EL in aqueous solution resulted in partial disaggregation and increased photoactivity. The fluorescence lifetimes of the complexes showed strong dependence on their immediate environment. The ionic magnesium(II) and aluminium(III) phthalocyanines strongly bind to bovine serum albumin (BSA).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
- Authors: Idowu, Mopelola A , Arslanoğlu, Yasin , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2014
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/241549 , vital:50949 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.2478/s11532-013-0388-z"
- Description: Peripherally and non-peripherally tetrasubstituted-[(N-methyl-2-pyridylthio)]phthalocyaninato magnesium (II) (5 and 6) and chloro aluminium (III) (7 and 8) tetraiodide have been synthesized and characterized. The photophysical properties of the complexes in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and aqueous medium in the presence and absence of cremophore EL have been studied. These complexes show high solubility in aqueous medium though they were aggregated. The triplet state quantum yields (FT) and the triplet lifetimes (tT) were found to be higher in DMSO with ΦT ranging from 0.32 to 0.51, while tT ranged from 282 to 622 ms in DMSO, compared to aqueous medium (pH 7.4 buffer) where ΦT ranged from 0.15 to 0.19 and tT from 26 to 35 ms. Addition of cremophore EL in aqueous solution resulted in partial disaggregation and increased photoactivity. The fluorescence lifetimes of the complexes showed strong dependence on their immediate environment. The ionic magnesium(II) and aluminium(III) phthalocyanines strongly bind to bovine serum albumin (BSA).
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2014
The Influence of stakeholder orientation and entrepreneurial orientation on the performance of small tourism businesses in the Eastern Cape Province
- Maseko, Ian https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1374-1660
- Authors: Maseko, Ian https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1374-1660
- Date: 2010-12
- Subjects: Small business -- South Africa , Tourism -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25937 , vital:64635
- Description: Small businesses have been identified as a catalyst for the growth and expansion of both developed and developing economies. In South Africa, tourism is an important element of the economy and small tourism businesses play an integral role in this sector. However, the success of these firms is influenced by the business orientation adopted. In this regard, entrepreneurial orientation and stakeholder orientation are considered key factors in ensuring enterprise performance and longevity. The main objective of this research is to establish the relationship between stakeholder orientation, entrepreneurial orientation and the performance of small tourism businesses. In order to accomplish this purpose, the reliability and validity of the instrument was assessed, followed by a multiple regression analysis and a Pearson correlation analysis to test the proposed hypotheses. Overall findings from this study suggest that one dimension of stakeholder orientation and entrepreneurial orientation has a positive significant relationship with small firm performance. The results also confirm that stakeholder orientation dimensions and entrepreneurial orientation are positively correlated. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2010
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010-12
- Authors: Maseko, Ian https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1374-1660
- Date: 2010-12
- Subjects: Small business -- South Africa , Tourism -- South Africa
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/25937 , vital:64635
- Description: Small businesses have been identified as a catalyst for the growth and expansion of both developed and developing economies. In South Africa, tourism is an important element of the economy and small tourism businesses play an integral role in this sector. However, the success of these firms is influenced by the business orientation adopted. In this regard, entrepreneurial orientation and stakeholder orientation are considered key factors in ensuring enterprise performance and longevity. The main objective of this research is to establish the relationship between stakeholder orientation, entrepreneurial orientation and the performance of small tourism businesses. In order to accomplish this purpose, the reliability and validity of the instrument was assessed, followed by a multiple regression analysis and a Pearson correlation analysis to test the proposed hypotheses. Overall findings from this study suggest that one dimension of stakeholder orientation and entrepreneurial orientation has a positive significant relationship with small firm performance. The results also confirm that stakeholder orientation dimensions and entrepreneurial orientation are positively correlated. , Thesis (MCom) -- Faculty of Management and Commerce, 2010
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2010-12
Nature conservation, protected areas and local communities : the Tsitsikamma National Park
- Authors: Le Fleur, Yvette Adele
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: National parks and reserves -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Protected areas -- Management , Programme of Work on Protected Areas , Human ecology -- South Africa -- Tsitsikamma , Nature conservation -- Citizen participation
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/177247 , vital:42803
- Description: Since the twentieth century, protected areas, usually in the form of nature reserves or national parks, have become increasingly more dominant as an international conservation strategy. An important factor in protected area management is the relationship between protected areas and its surrounding communities. Historically, the fortress conservation model based on the exclusion of human use and occupation prevailed in relation to protected areas. It is known that this approach brought with it many social and environmental injustices to local communities living in or adjacent to parks. However, a shift in conservation thinking occurred towards the end of the twentieth century, where it has increasingly been advocated for a more participatory approach in protected area management. South Africa has signed the international Convention on Biological Diversity that promotes a participatory approach to nature conservation, which is also reflected in the country’s national laws and policies. In relation to the literature and the lens of political ecology, this thesis sets out to assess in what ways and to what extent the participatory approach has been embraced by South Africa’s conservation authorities. As a case study, it looks at the Tsitsikamma National P ark ( incorporated into the larger Garden Route National Park). In order to get insight on h ow the participatory approach plays itself out at the T NP and what the nature of local communities’ relationship with the park is, this study looks at the aspects of (1) local communities’ socio-economic conditions, (2) their relationship with their natural environment, (3) their perception of nature conservation and (4) their perception of tourism. Then, taking all these aspects into account, (5) how local communities, in general, perceive their relationship with the p ark and its authorities. This study looked at the communities of Kurland, Nature’s Valley, Covie and Storms River. It shows in concurrence with other studies, that despite progressive laws and policies that express the intention of the South African state and SANParks to embrace the participatory approach, its implementation o n t he g round is riddled with challenges. , Thesis (MSocSc) -- Faculty of Humanities, Athropology, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
- Authors: Le Fleur, Yvette Adele
- Date: 2021-04
- Subjects: National parks and reserves -- South Africa -- Eastern Cape , Protected areas -- Management , Programme of Work on Protected Areas , Human ecology -- South Africa -- Tsitsikamma , Nature conservation -- Citizen participation
- Language: English
- Type: thesis , text , Masters , MSocSc
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/177247 , vital:42803
- Description: Since the twentieth century, protected areas, usually in the form of nature reserves or national parks, have become increasingly more dominant as an international conservation strategy. An important factor in protected area management is the relationship between protected areas and its surrounding communities. Historically, the fortress conservation model based on the exclusion of human use and occupation prevailed in relation to protected areas. It is known that this approach brought with it many social and environmental injustices to local communities living in or adjacent to parks. However, a shift in conservation thinking occurred towards the end of the twentieth century, where it has increasingly been advocated for a more participatory approach in protected area management. South Africa has signed the international Convention on Biological Diversity that promotes a participatory approach to nature conservation, which is also reflected in the country’s national laws and policies. In relation to the literature and the lens of political ecology, this thesis sets out to assess in what ways and to what extent the participatory approach has been embraced by South Africa’s conservation authorities. As a case study, it looks at the Tsitsikamma National P ark ( incorporated into the larger Garden Route National Park). In order to get insight on h ow the participatory approach plays itself out at the T NP and what the nature of local communities’ relationship with the park is, this study looks at the aspects of (1) local communities’ socio-economic conditions, (2) their relationship with their natural environment, (3) their perception of nature conservation and (4) their perception of tourism. Then, taking all these aspects into account, (5) how local communities, in general, perceive their relationship with the p ark and its authorities. This study looked at the communities of Kurland, Nature’s Valley, Covie and Storms River. It shows in concurrence with other studies, that despite progressive laws and policies that express the intention of the South African state and SANParks to embrace the participatory approach, its implementation o n t he g round is riddled with challenges. , Thesis (MSocSc) -- Faculty of Humanities, Athropology, 2021
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2021-04
Integration of nanostructured metal sulfides into titanium (iv) oxide for high performance dye sensitized solar cell
- Adedoyin Mojeed Agoro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0434-9635
- Authors: Adedoyin Mojeed Agoro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0434-9635
- Date: 2020-01
- Subjects: Nanostructured materials , Sulfur compounds
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21523 , vital:48857
- Description: The work in this thesis describes synthesis, characterization and integration of nanostructured metal sulfides into titanium (IV) oxide for high performance dye sensitized solar cell. The synthesised single source precursors were evaluated using TGA, FTIR, , UV-Vis, PL,1H and 13CNMR, SEM, EDS, HRTEM, XRD, AFM, Raman, I-V, CV, Bode plot and EIS. TGA revealed the thermal degradation and quantified the mass percentage of metal sulphides as 33percent, 45percent and 27percent for CuS, PbS and SnS nanoparticles, respectively. FTIR analysis showed bands at 1580-1450 cm-1, and 1060-940 cm-1 tentatively assigned to C-N and C-S stretching frequencies correspondingly. The (M-S) stretching was observed at 577-406 cm-1 for the complexes using bis(N-di-isopropyl-N-octyldithiocarbamato) as primary ligands. IR spectra of bis(N-1,4-phenyl-N-(4-morpholinedithiocarbamato) as secondary ligands suggested the presence of (C-N) vibrations at 1508-1513 cm-1 for the complexes and 1507-1584 cm-1 for the ligands. The bands in the region of 973-1030 cm-1 were assigned to the complexes and 974- 983 cm-1 were attributed to the ligands, whereas vibration frequencies at 416-625 cm-1 were Nelson's Choice were included in these preliminary variety trials (PVTs) as checks. Twenty-five hybrids expressing high values for the Smith – Hazel selection index were identified across sites over years. Among those hybrids were two checks, namely Q16 (PAN5Q649R) and Q33 (Phb31MO7BR). The top five high – yielding hybrids selected based on the selection index were considered to be the most productive, stable and adaptable based on the GGE biplot and AMMI stability values. None of these single cross hybrids over yielded the best hybrid check (Q16) in the current study. A high potential environment, Centane, was the ideal environments for evaluating genotypes in the present study. The studies showed inbred lines L22, L23, L26, L28, L25, L29 and L31 to be low N stress tolerant at 0 kg N ha-1 based on the low N stress tolerance indices under glasshouse and the field conditions; they were also among the top ten grain-yielders under field conditions at 0 kg N ha-1. Also, in the NUE study, they were found to be among the top ten most N-efficient inbred lines under low N soils, under 30 kg N ha-1, and were among the top twenty-four inbred lines with high NUE values across the N levels in the study. Inbred lines L29 and L22 also produced testcross hybrids that were among the top twenty based on GY under 0 kg N ha-1. The testcross hybrids produced from these inbred lines were also among the top twenty-five with outstanding SCA effects for GY. These inbred lines were also parental lines of some of the top twenty- five best hybrids selected based on the Smith – Hazel selection index in the PVT study. Inbred lines L22, L23, L26, L28, L25, L29 and L31 can therefore further be evaluated and used as sources of N-tolerance genes in QPM breeding programs. tentatively assigned to M-S bond in the complexes. UV-Vis spectroscopy analysis for the complexes and from primary and secondary ligands are between within the range of 338 – 340 nm. PL studies of the primary ligands with metal complexes indicated emissions at 464 nm, 462 nm, 462 nm for Pb(II) and Sn(II), and Cu(II). The presence of secondary ligands was revealed by the absorption peaks at 455, 456 and 457 nm, exhibiting both the signals and chemical constituents of the respective ligands and their corresponding complexes. The electrochemistry in chapters 3 and 4 reveals that phase angle in the Bode plots changes with frequencies for Sn(II) complexes at 58, 57 and 8 respectively. Bode plots showed remarkable electronics of Cu(II) and Pb(II) complex interfaces. The CV curves exhibit two kinds of redox peaks indicating reduction at the negative potentials and oxidation at the positive potentials. The EIS, electrodes produced Rct for Pb(II), Cu(II) and Sn(II) electrodes in chapter 3. Moreover The EIS revealed that Sn(II) sensitizer displaced a stronger chemical capacitance and improved efficiency which could lead to better electron lifetime yield. The obtained CV exhibited anodic and cathodic peaks for Pb(II), connoting a reduction in Pb2+ and oxidation in Pb2-. Bode plot phase angle displayed Sn(II) and Pb(II) with maxima phase, indicating the presence of time constants of the electrode processes in Bis(N-1,4-Phenyl-N-Morhpo-dithiocarbamato bis(Mo/1,4-PHDTC) complexes. From the results in chapter 4, the XRD patterns exhibited good crystalline nature of CuS as a result of sharp and strong diffraction peaks obtained. There are eight peaks of 2θ angle between 26° and 79° relating to orthorhombic structure of SnS. While PbS has a cubic structure with polycrystalline nature, PbS/HDA and PbS both correspond to their crystalline planes of (200), (111), (220), (311), (222), (400), (331), (420) and (422) affirming to PbS QDs structure. SnS/HDA and SnS photosensitizers displayed eleven peaks between the values of 27.02° to 66.05° for SnS/HDA and 26.03° to 66.04° for SnS, in confirming the orthorhombic structure. SEM analysis revealed hexagonal structure for CuS, while PbS and SnS exhibited mesoporous nanostructures with spherical nanoparticles. HRTEM images indicated spherical nano-particles with particle sizes in the range of 3.14 - 44.39 nm. The outcome of HRTEM analysis revealed crystallite sizes varying as 10.90 – 11.57 nm, 3.14 – 5.95 nm and 14.96 – 44.39 nm for the CuS, PbS and SnS, originated from the primary ligands. HRTEM images originating from the Bis(N-1,4-Phenyl-N-Morhpo-dithiocarbamato bis(Mo/1,4-PHDTC) complexes indicated spherical nano-particles with particle sizes of 3.14 - 44.39 nm. Raman images in chapter 5 revealed the presence of Raman active modes of E2g 66 cm-1 and 304, cm-1 and E1g 627 cm-1 and 706 cm-1 for CuS, the active modes of TO 65 cm-1 and 2LO 626 cm-1 for PbS, active modes of B1g 69 cm-1 for SnS and 266 cm-1 for Ag. From the AFM results in chapter 5, CuS photosensitizer displayed a smooth surface and particle estimated to be 0.50 μm and height profile of 12percent. The PbS photosensitizer exhibited particle size of 1.82 μm and 0.654 μm for PbS/HDA, depicting a regular crystal growth rate. The size distribution of SnS nanoparticle at 357 nm connotes smooth surface and good compactness on the substrate. However, SnS/HDA at 122 nm displayed shape and size of non-symmetrical particles. AFM analysis in chapter 8 revealed good size roughness for CuS film. PbS exhibited particle size of 365 nm and size height of 18percent as the smoothest film, while PbS/HDA revealed 1.22 um size with 9percent size height. The evaluated particle sizes varied as 0.11- 1.18 um for SnS/HDA and 0.054 – 0.54 um for SnS films grown at 360 ℃ with size height of 16.8 and 8.4percent. The I-V efficiency obtained indicated that the CuS exhibited a much better efficiency in the QDSCs with higher Voc and the highest η being 2.85percent compared to CuS/HDA and Cu(II). High JSC of 11 mA/cm has been observed in the PbS/HDA QDSSCs, compared to the PbS and Pb(II) cells. The SnS/HDA exhibited a better performance compared to SnS and Sn(II) sensitizers due to the presence of HDA capping agent. , Thesis (MSc -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2020
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020-01
- Authors: Adedoyin Mojeed Agoro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0434-9635
- Date: 2020-01
- Subjects: Nanostructured materials , Sulfur compounds
- Language: English
- Type: Doctoral theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/21523 , vital:48857
- Description: The work in this thesis describes synthesis, characterization and integration of nanostructured metal sulfides into titanium (IV) oxide for high performance dye sensitized solar cell. The synthesised single source precursors were evaluated using TGA, FTIR, , UV-Vis, PL,1H and 13CNMR, SEM, EDS, HRTEM, XRD, AFM, Raman, I-V, CV, Bode plot and EIS. TGA revealed the thermal degradation and quantified the mass percentage of metal sulphides as 33percent, 45percent and 27percent for CuS, PbS and SnS nanoparticles, respectively. FTIR analysis showed bands at 1580-1450 cm-1, and 1060-940 cm-1 tentatively assigned to C-N and C-S stretching frequencies correspondingly. The (M-S) stretching was observed at 577-406 cm-1 for the complexes using bis(N-di-isopropyl-N-octyldithiocarbamato) as primary ligands. IR spectra of bis(N-1,4-phenyl-N-(4-morpholinedithiocarbamato) as secondary ligands suggested the presence of (C-N) vibrations at 1508-1513 cm-1 for the complexes and 1507-1584 cm-1 for the ligands. The bands in the region of 973-1030 cm-1 were assigned to the complexes and 974- 983 cm-1 were attributed to the ligands, whereas vibration frequencies at 416-625 cm-1 were Nelson's Choice were included in these preliminary variety trials (PVTs) as checks. Twenty-five hybrids expressing high values for the Smith – Hazel selection index were identified across sites over years. Among those hybrids were two checks, namely Q16 (PAN5Q649R) and Q33 (Phb31MO7BR). The top five high – yielding hybrids selected based on the selection index were considered to be the most productive, stable and adaptable based on the GGE biplot and AMMI stability values. None of these single cross hybrids over yielded the best hybrid check (Q16) in the current study. A high potential environment, Centane, was the ideal environments for evaluating genotypes in the present study. The studies showed inbred lines L22, L23, L26, L28, L25, L29 and L31 to be low N stress tolerant at 0 kg N ha-1 based on the low N stress tolerance indices under glasshouse and the field conditions; they were also among the top ten grain-yielders under field conditions at 0 kg N ha-1. Also, in the NUE study, they were found to be among the top ten most N-efficient inbred lines under low N soils, under 30 kg N ha-1, and were among the top twenty-four inbred lines with high NUE values across the N levels in the study. Inbred lines L29 and L22 also produced testcross hybrids that were among the top twenty based on GY under 0 kg N ha-1. The testcross hybrids produced from these inbred lines were also among the top twenty-five with outstanding SCA effects for GY. These inbred lines were also parental lines of some of the top twenty- five best hybrids selected based on the Smith – Hazel selection index in the PVT study. Inbred lines L22, L23, L26, L28, L25, L29 and L31 can therefore further be evaluated and used as sources of N-tolerance genes in QPM breeding programs. tentatively assigned to M-S bond in the complexes. UV-Vis spectroscopy analysis for the complexes and from primary and secondary ligands are between within the range of 338 – 340 nm. PL studies of the primary ligands with metal complexes indicated emissions at 464 nm, 462 nm, 462 nm for Pb(II) and Sn(II), and Cu(II). The presence of secondary ligands was revealed by the absorption peaks at 455, 456 and 457 nm, exhibiting both the signals and chemical constituents of the respective ligands and their corresponding complexes. The electrochemistry in chapters 3 and 4 reveals that phase angle in the Bode plots changes with frequencies for Sn(II) complexes at 58, 57 and 8 respectively. Bode plots showed remarkable electronics of Cu(II) and Pb(II) complex interfaces. The CV curves exhibit two kinds of redox peaks indicating reduction at the negative potentials and oxidation at the positive potentials. The EIS, electrodes produced Rct for Pb(II), Cu(II) and Sn(II) electrodes in chapter 3. Moreover The EIS revealed that Sn(II) sensitizer displaced a stronger chemical capacitance and improved efficiency which could lead to better electron lifetime yield. The obtained CV exhibited anodic and cathodic peaks for Pb(II), connoting a reduction in Pb2+ and oxidation in Pb2-. Bode plot phase angle displayed Sn(II) and Pb(II) with maxima phase, indicating the presence of time constants of the electrode processes in Bis(N-1,4-Phenyl-N-Morhpo-dithiocarbamato bis(Mo/1,4-PHDTC) complexes. From the results in chapter 4, the XRD patterns exhibited good crystalline nature of CuS as a result of sharp and strong diffraction peaks obtained. There are eight peaks of 2θ angle between 26° and 79° relating to orthorhombic structure of SnS. While PbS has a cubic structure with polycrystalline nature, PbS/HDA and PbS both correspond to their crystalline planes of (200), (111), (220), (311), (222), (400), (331), (420) and (422) affirming to PbS QDs structure. SnS/HDA and SnS photosensitizers displayed eleven peaks between the values of 27.02° to 66.05° for SnS/HDA and 26.03° to 66.04° for SnS, in confirming the orthorhombic structure. SEM analysis revealed hexagonal structure for CuS, while PbS and SnS exhibited mesoporous nanostructures with spherical nanoparticles. HRTEM images indicated spherical nano-particles with particle sizes in the range of 3.14 - 44.39 nm. The outcome of HRTEM analysis revealed crystallite sizes varying as 10.90 – 11.57 nm, 3.14 – 5.95 nm and 14.96 – 44.39 nm for the CuS, PbS and SnS, originated from the primary ligands. HRTEM images originating from the Bis(N-1,4-Phenyl-N-Morhpo-dithiocarbamato bis(Mo/1,4-PHDTC) complexes indicated spherical nano-particles with particle sizes of 3.14 - 44.39 nm. Raman images in chapter 5 revealed the presence of Raman active modes of E2g 66 cm-1 and 304, cm-1 and E1g 627 cm-1 and 706 cm-1 for CuS, the active modes of TO 65 cm-1 and 2LO 626 cm-1 for PbS, active modes of B1g 69 cm-1 for SnS and 266 cm-1 for Ag. From the AFM results in chapter 5, CuS photosensitizer displayed a smooth surface and particle estimated to be 0.50 μm and height profile of 12percent. The PbS photosensitizer exhibited particle size of 1.82 μm and 0.654 μm for PbS/HDA, depicting a regular crystal growth rate. The size distribution of SnS nanoparticle at 357 nm connotes smooth surface and good compactness on the substrate. However, SnS/HDA at 122 nm displayed shape and size of non-symmetrical particles. AFM analysis in chapter 8 revealed good size roughness for CuS film. PbS exhibited particle size of 365 nm and size height of 18percent as the smoothest film, while PbS/HDA revealed 1.22 um size with 9percent size height. The evaluated particle sizes varied as 0.11- 1.18 um for SnS/HDA and 0.054 – 0.54 um for SnS films grown at 360 ℃ with size height of 16.8 and 8.4percent. The I-V efficiency obtained indicated that the CuS exhibited a much better efficiency in the QDSCs with higher Voc and the highest η being 2.85percent compared to CuS/HDA and Cu(II). High JSC of 11 mA/cm has been observed in the PbS/HDA QDSSCs, compared to the PbS and Pb(II) cells. The SnS/HDA exhibited a better performance compared to SnS and Sn(II) sensitizers due to the presence of HDA capping agent. , Thesis (MSc -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2020
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2020-01
Indium phthalocyanines
- Pinar, Sen, Mack, John, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Pinar, Sen , Mack, John , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/229998 , vital:49731 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131850"
- Description: In this study, the photodynamic antimicrobial activities of a series of new tetra-substituted indium phthalocyanine (InPc) complexes are assessed. An aldehyde substituted complex (2) was initially prepared, which was converted through a condensatioreaction to an imine-pyrrolidine substituted complex (3), which in turn was quaternized to form a tetracationic species (4). Favorable photophysicochemical properties were obtained by incorporating a heavy In(III) ion into the central cavity. Aggregation studies revealed that 2–4 remain non-aggregated in DMSO at concentration below 25 µM. The photodeactivation of S.aureus and E.coli was studied. Log reduction values > 9.0 were obtained for cationic InPc 4 after 30 min of incubation and exposure to light for 75 min.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
- Authors: Pinar, Sen , Mack, John , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2022
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/229998 , vital:49731 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131850"
- Description: In this study, the photodynamic antimicrobial activities of a series of new tetra-substituted indium phthalocyanine (InPc) complexes are assessed. An aldehyde substituted complex (2) was initially prepared, which was converted through a condensatioreaction to an imine-pyrrolidine substituted complex (3), which in turn was quaternized to form a tetracationic species (4). Favorable photophysicochemical properties were obtained by incorporating a heavy In(III) ion into the central cavity. Aggregation studies revealed that 2–4 remain non-aggregated in DMSO at concentration below 25 µM. The photodeactivation of S.aureus and E.coli was studied. Log reduction values > 9.0 were obtained for cationic InPc 4 after 30 min of incubation and exposure to light for 75 min.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2022
Synthesis of bioethanol from lignocellulosic materials: A focus on grass and waste paper as raw materials
- Authors: Vala, Mavula Kikwe
- Date: 2009-12
- Subjects: Ethanol as fuel , Biomass energy , Lignocellulose -- Biotechnology
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24499 , vital:63049
- Description: Biofuels are currently recognized as not only a necessity, but an inevitable pathway to secure the planet future energy needs. Food crops have been used (so far) as the biomass for bioethanol and biodiesel production. This has increased concerns over food security and led to the search for diversification and alternative feedstocks for biofuel production. The use of lignocellulosic materials, the most abundant, low cost and easy feedstock to harvest for bioethanol purpose, involves challenging production processes. Several approaches have been used to facilitate the breakdown of the biopolymer structure to produce fermentable sugars that can be converted to ethanol. Most of the approaches have used high temperatures and pressures and have often led to the production of inhibitors of fermentation. In this study, lignocellulosic materials from grass and newsprint were investigated as sources of biomass for bioethanol production using a chemical route (sulfuric acid hydrolysis) which made use of temperatures below 100°C at normal atmospheric pressure. Fermentation of toxic lignocellulosic hydrolyzates was possible after the development of a method for inhibitors removal. The method used treated wood chips as a stationary phase in a chromatographic column to remove inhibitors. This method is expected to be extended to applications such as in municipal wastewater treatment. Sugar yields of 22.26 and 8.9 g/L of hydrolyzate; and an ethanol yield of 184.5 and 130.4 mg/mL of must were achieved for 5g grass and newsprint respectively using optimum conditions of 2percent H2SO4 at 97.5°C for grass and 0.5percent H2SO4 at 97.5°C for newsprint during the hydrolysis process. Pure cellulose was used as a control for the biomass where 254.1 g/L of fermentable sugars were recovered from soluble cellulose and the yield of ethanol was 201.8 mg/mL. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2009
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2009-12
- Authors: Vala, Mavula Kikwe
- Date: 2009-12
- Subjects: Ethanol as fuel , Biomass energy , Lignocellulose -- Biotechnology
- Language: English
- Type: Master's theses , text
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10353/24499 , vital:63049
- Description: Biofuels are currently recognized as not only a necessity, but an inevitable pathway to secure the planet future energy needs. Food crops have been used (so far) as the biomass for bioethanol and biodiesel production. This has increased concerns over food security and led to the search for diversification and alternative feedstocks for biofuel production. The use of lignocellulosic materials, the most abundant, low cost and easy feedstock to harvest for bioethanol purpose, involves challenging production processes. Several approaches have been used to facilitate the breakdown of the biopolymer structure to produce fermentable sugars that can be converted to ethanol. Most of the approaches have used high temperatures and pressures and have often led to the production of inhibitors of fermentation. In this study, lignocellulosic materials from grass and newsprint were investigated as sources of biomass for bioethanol production using a chemical route (sulfuric acid hydrolysis) which made use of temperatures below 100°C at normal atmospheric pressure. Fermentation of toxic lignocellulosic hydrolyzates was possible after the development of a method for inhibitors removal. The method used treated wood chips as a stationary phase in a chromatographic column to remove inhibitors. This method is expected to be extended to applications such as in municipal wastewater treatment. Sugar yields of 22.26 and 8.9 g/L of hydrolyzate; and an ethanol yield of 184.5 and 130.4 mg/mL of must were achieved for 5g grass and newsprint respectively using optimum conditions of 2percent H2SO4 at 97.5°C for grass and 0.5percent H2SO4 at 97.5°C for newsprint during the hydrolysis process. Pure cellulose was used as a control for the biomass where 254.1 g/L of fermentable sugars were recovered from soluble cellulose and the yield of ethanol was 201.8 mg/mL. , Thesis (MSc) -- Faculty of Science and Agriculture, 2009
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2009-12
Synthesis and photophysicochemical properties of novel axially di-substituted silicon (IV) phthalocyanines and their photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) activity against Staphylococcus aureus
- Sen, Pinar, Sindelo, Azole, Mafukidze, Donovan M, Nyokong, Tebello
- Authors: Sen, Pinar , Sindelo, Azole , Mafukidze, Donovan M , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/186757 , vital:44531 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2019.116203"
- Description: In this study, novel silicon (IV) phthalocyanine axially di-substituted with benzimidazole moieties (3) and its quaternized derivative (4) have been synthesized and fully characterized. The photophysical and photochemical properties of both phthalocyanines such as absorption, fluorescence and, singlet oxygen quantum yields, triplet state quantum yields and exited state lifetimes were investigated in solutions. These new silicon phthalocyanines exhibited low fluorescence but produced high singlet oxygen yields in both DMSO (compound 3 and 4) and aqueous media (compound 4). The quaternization of Si(IV)Pc (3) improved the triplet state quantum yield (ΦT) 0.61 to 0.83, consequently singlet oxygen generation (ΦΔ) increased to 0.69 from 0.42. Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy activities (PACT) of Si(IV)Pc photosensitizers were determined towards Staphylococcus aureus. The higher efficiency was obtained with cationic derivative (4) giving reduction percentage value of 99.75%.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019
- Authors: Sen, Pinar , Sindelo, Azole , Mafukidze, Donovan M , Nyokong, Tebello
- Date: 2019
- Subjects: To be catalogued
- Language: English
- Type: text , article
- Identifier: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/186757 , vital:44531 , xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2019.116203"
- Description: In this study, novel silicon (IV) phthalocyanine axially di-substituted with benzimidazole moieties (3) and its quaternized derivative (4) have been synthesized and fully characterized. The photophysical and photochemical properties of both phthalocyanines such as absorption, fluorescence and, singlet oxygen quantum yields, triplet state quantum yields and exited state lifetimes were investigated in solutions. These new silicon phthalocyanines exhibited low fluorescence but produced high singlet oxygen yields in both DMSO (compound 3 and 4) and aqueous media (compound 4). The quaternization of Si(IV)Pc (3) improved the triplet state quantum yield (ΦT) 0.61 to 0.83, consequently singlet oxygen generation (ΦΔ) increased to 0.69 from 0.42. Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy activities (PACT) of Si(IV)Pc photosensitizers were determined towards Staphylococcus aureus. The higher efficiency was obtained with cationic derivative (4) giving reduction percentage value of 99.75%.
- Full Text:
- Date Issued: 2019