https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Index en-us 5 https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:45221 Wed 30 Mar 2022 12:24:30 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:45204 Wed 24 Nov 2021 14:53:11 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:47131 Wed 23 Feb 2022 12:00:23 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:52352 Wed 22 Jun 2022 14:44:43 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:51018 Wed 22 Jun 2022 13:41:44 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:45025 Wed 13 Apr 2022 12:03:51 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:42940 Wed 12 May 2021 14:54:05 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:42945 Wed 12 May 2021 14:09:14 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:42898 Wed 12 May 2021 13:51:19 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:51928 Wed 08 Jun 2022 11:01:29 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:45073 Wed 06 Jul 2022 08:47:38 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:45129 Wed 02 Mar 2022 11:42:37 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:46087 Wed 02 Feb 2022 12:22:02 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:48693 Tue 22 Mar 2022 15:30:30 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:48659 Tue 22 Mar 2022 12:09:14 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:45224 Tue 16 Nov 2021 13:34:53 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:46640 Tue 15 Feb 2022 12:39:19 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:45639 Tue 11 Jan 2022 10:54:57 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:45107 Tue 09 Nov 2021 16:29:34 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:48494 Tue 07 May 2024 09:53:41 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:51984 Tue 07 May 2024 08:34:04 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:46008 Tue 01 Feb 2022 12:02:14 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:45054 0.05), with the overall population growth curve being best described as L(t) = 697.15(1-e-0.06(t-6.30)). Males matured at a slightly larger size than females, however, no significant differences were observed (LRT, p > 0.05). The length- and age- at-50% maturity was 330 mm (FL) and 5.73 years for the full population, respectively. Histological analyses showed that Oplegnathus conwayi are asynchronous spawners with a gonochoristic reproductive style. Macroscopic staging and gonadosomatic index results indicated a protracted spawning season for Oplegnathus conwayi, with a peak in spring. A survey was designed and disseminated to collect FEK on the biology and population status of Oplegnathus conwayi and human dimension information on South Africa’s spearfishery. A total of 103 survey responses were received, of which 94 were regarded as specialised (spearfishers who had greater experience, skill and avidity, and maintained spearfishing as an important component of their lifestyle) spearfishers. Based on the responses of the specialist spearfishers, the top four main species caught by spearfishers from this survey were Seriola lalandi (13.9%), Pachymetopon grande (11.7%), Oplegnathus conwayi (11.4%) and Sparodon durbanensis (11%), and the majority of respondents indicated that there had been no changes in abundance, size and catches of these species in the years that they had been spearfishing. Respondents indicated that Oplegnathus conwayi are most commonly targeted in the Eastern Cape and are found at depths of up to 40 m. Respondents also indicated that there may be a seasonal onshore (Summer/Winter) and offshore (Summer/Winter) migration with year-round spawning and a peak in November, December and January. The incorporation of spearfishers into the data collection, both through the collection of specimens and their FEK, was beneficial to this study. Besides providing samples from a broader geographical range than the primary collection area, the collaboration with spearfishers has promoted the inclusion of this group into the management system. The findings of this study also suggest that FEK data can be more reliable if the concept of recreational specialisation is incorporated into data collection. While the FEK suggested that the population was stable, a stock assessment is necessary to fully understand the population status and implement management strategies. Nevertheless, the key life history characteristics (slow growth and late maturation) observed in this study are characteristic of species that is vulnerable to overexploitation, and thus the precautionary approach should be applied. The reproductive information collected in this study has provided information for the implementation of an appropriate size limit regulation for Oplegnathus conwayi. Here, a minimum size limit of 400 mm TL, which corresponds approximately with the length-at-50% maturity of 330 mm FL, would be appropriate to allow fish to mature and spawn, and reduce the likelihood of recruitment overfishing. Reduction in the bag limit from five to two fish per person per day may also be appropriate as a precautionary measure until a stock assessment has been completed. Finally, the incorporation of stakeholder into biological collection and the use of FEK may be a useful approach for other data deficient species and in countries with limited resources for ecological research.]]> Thu 29 Sep 2022 14:29:54 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:57262 Thu 20 Oct 2022 15:33:50 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:48537 Thu 17 Mar 2022 16:25:17 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:45658 Thu 13 Jan 2022 14:36:21 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:46438 Thu 10 Feb 2022 15:12:02 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:46422 Thu 10 Feb 2022 11:30:02 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:46423 Thu 10 Feb 2022 11:26:28 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:46417 Thu 10 Feb 2022 10:51:19 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:52424 Thu 07 Jul 2022 10:39:36 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:46124 Thu 03 Feb 2022 10:39:58 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:46120 Thu 03 Feb 2022 10:03:08 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:50042 20 cm) size classes in all the study areas but gatherers avoided harvesting bark from recruits. Although the mean densities of harvested stem was not significant this work indicated higher levels of stem destruction in FC. Harvested dead stems ware significant in the three areas and FC had the higher of (39.5±85.9 stems/ha) compared to 7.6±19.1 and 2.1±4.3 in TR and LM, respectively. Equally, the density of physiologically stressed stems differed substantially in the three areas with higher in FC 20.5± 75.5 stems/ha compared to 18.7±82.9 stems/ha in TR and 3.8±11.8 stems/ha in LM. This results suggests implementation of protection measures such as the inclusion of the species in the national CITES list to regulated cross-border trade and strengthening of the law enforcement. Genetic diversity, structure and gene flow in the exiting populations of southern Mozambique revealed that despite fragmentation and overexploitation, this species maintains a relatively high level of genetic diversity supporting the existence of random mating. Two genetic groups were found corresponding to the northern (LM and TR) and southern (FC) areas. The study suggests that, if local extinctions occurred in Mozambique, the pepper-bark tree persisted in sufficient numbers to retain a large proportion of genetic diversity. Management plans should concentrate on maintaining this high level of genetic variability through both in and ex-situ conservation actions.]]> Thu 01 Sep 2022 11:56:53 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:47406 Mon 28 Feb 2022 15:20:29 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:46939 Mon 21 Feb 2022 12:05:36 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:42890 Mon 17 May 2021 12:46:31 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:45266 Mon 15 Nov 2021 15:27:51 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:45264 Mon 15 Nov 2021 15:06:44 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:45071 500 mg/L), increased viscosity, inability to flocculate microalgal cells, a rhamnolipid content of 32%, and a higher surface-activity. Based on these results, Bacillus strain ECCN 41b was rationalized to produce anionic EPS with potential application in metal or oil recovery. In addition to EPS production, the bacteria Planococcus strain ECCN 45b and Exiguobacterium strain ECCN 46b appeared pigmented. Based on partial characterization using UV/Vis spectrophotometry, thin-layer chromatography, FTIR, and NMR, the pigments produced by these two strains appeared to be identical and were tentatively identified as ketocarotenoids. This study successfully demonstrated the importance of EPS production and formation of MaB-flocs in the MLSS from HRAOP of an IAPS treating domestic sewage. It is evident that increased settleability of the biomass does contribute to the reported efficiency of wastewater treatment by IAPS and would reduce both total suspended solids (TSS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). In addition, demonstration that this biomass contains products of value such as carotenoids and EPS with potential for commercial use strengthens the idea of using IAPS as a platform technology for innovation of the wastewater treatment process to a biorefinery.]]> Mon 14 Feb 2022 15:19:49 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:52026 Mon 13 Jun 2022 15:28:26 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:52720 1.5g/100g sample) of arginine (1.85), serine (1.63), glycine (1.9) and lysine (1.62); while P. aeruginosa GNFx feather hydrolysate showed high abundance of arginine, serine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, valine, and leucine with respective concentration of 2.06, 1.67, 2.39, 3.05, 1.87, 1.73, 1.56 and 1.65 (g/100g sample). The results showed that keratinases from the two bacterial isolates were optimally active at pH 8, and temperature of 50 oC for FGNn keratinase and 50-60 oC for GNFx keratinase. The enzymes displayed remarkable pH stability. Keratinase from C. proteolyticum was catalytically inhibited by EDTA and 1,10-phenanthroline but not affected by PMSF; while P. aeruginosa keratinase was not significantly affected by those class of protease inhibitors. Adiitionally, FGNn keratinase demonstrated high residual activity of 90percent, 103percent, 101percent, 110percent, 130, and 105percent in the presence of DTT, hydrogen peroxides, acetonitrile, triton X-100, tween-80 and SDS, respectively. Similarly, catalytic efficiency of GNFx keratinase was promoted in the presence of hydrogen peroxides (119percent), triton X-100 (140percent), tween-80 (150percent) and SDS (147percent) compared to the control. Furthermore, the keratinases from the both bacterial isolates exhibited catalytic efficiency enhancement and remarkable structural stability in the presence of laundry detergents tested. The findings from the study suggest the application potentials of the isolates for the bioconversion of recalcitrant keratinous wastes into digestible and quality protein hydrolysates. The properties of these microbial keratinases indicate that they may be exploited for various biotechnological and industrial processes especially in the formulation of detergents.]]> Mon 04 Jul 2022 14:24:50 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:70218 Mon 04 Dec 2023 17:26:19 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:42933 Fri 28 May 2021 08:40:43 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:44791 Fri 22 Oct 2021 15:54:57 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:45041 Fri 18 Feb 2022 14:44:53 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:46876 Fri 18 Feb 2022 11:56:45 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:45667 1.0g/100g sample) include arginine (1.8), serine (1.16), aspartic acid (1.95), glutamic acid (2.47), proline (1.16) and glycine (1.45). Bacillus sp. FHNM feather hydrolysates, contained (g/100g of sample): arginine (1.9), serine (1.4), aspartic acid (2.5), glutamic acid (2.51), glycine (1.51), proline (1.13), leucine (1.030, histidine (1.25), and lysine (1.06) (g/100g of sample) in high concentration. The keratinases were optimally active at pH 8.0. Bacillus sp. FHNM showed an optimal temperature of 100 oC; while Bacillus sp. NFH5 keratinase displayed optimal activity at 90 oC. EDTA and 1,10-phenanthroline inhibited the keratinases, and the inhibition pattern indicated that they belong to metalloprotease. Keratinase from Bacillus sp. FHNM showed considerable residual activity in the presence of Co²⁺ (93percent), Fe³⁺ (99percent), and K⁺ (94percent). Bacillus sp. NFH5 keratinase retained 92percent, 92percent, 93percent of the original activity against Ba²⁺, Na⁺ and Fe³⁺ treatment. Bacillus sp. FHNM keratinase was remarkably stable after 60 min of detergents treatment with residual activity of 89percent, 96percent, 81percent, 73percent, 96percent, 88percent, 88percent and 98percent for Omo, Surf, Ariel, Sunlight, Prowash, Freshwave, Sky, and Evaklin, respectively. Maq impacted the enzyme stability negatively, with residual activity of 48percent after 60 min of incubation. Additionally, keratinase Bacillus sp. NFH5 retained 68percent, 78percent, 80percent, 84percent, 57percent, 80percent, 98percent, 106percent and 106percent of the original activity against Omo, Surf, Ariel, Sunlight, Maq, Prowash, Freshwave, Sky and Evaklin, respectively. Therefore, these results suggest that Bacillus spp. could be ideal candidates for sustainable production of active keratinases and valorization of the abundantly generated keratinous biomass. The stability displayed by keratinases from Bacillus sp. FHNM and Bacillus sp. NFH5 suggests their promising candidacy for detergent formulation.]]> Fri 14 Jan 2022 12:17:38 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:45665 Fri 14 Jan 2022 11:19:02 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:45220 Fri 08 Jul 2022 09:22:31 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:45060 Fri 01 Jul 2022 12:49:32 SAST ]]>