https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:52617 Wed 29 Jun 2022 15:53:19 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:48393 Wed 16 Mar 2022 12:48:35 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:48381 Wed 16 Mar 2022 12:09:09 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:52052 Wed 15 Jun 2022 10:27:35 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:53068 Wed 13 Jul 2022 09:58:31 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:46375 Wed 09 Feb 2022 14:34:51 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:46607 Tue 15 Feb 2022 11:08:01 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:47437 Tue 01 Mar 2022 11:46:25 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58584 Thu 17 Nov 2022 12:33:56 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:46425 0.05) between workplace position, educational level, work experience, and consumption of unpasteurised milk. This study found that participants had a deficient level of knowledge of mastitis causing pathogens by attaining a pass mark of 1.60 out of a possible 10 (16 percent), and educational level was significantly associated with knowledge of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus spp. However, the participants (64.9 percent) showed good knowledge of clinical signs of mastitis, and this was attributed to the regular mastitis detection with California Mastitis Test (CMT, 60.4 percent) and a strip cup (83.0 percent). The participants had varying perceptions and limited knowledge (28.3 percent pass rate) about the major contributing factors of culling and mortality. The lack of dairy training courses and minimal use of other sources of information such as the internet might contribute to this poor knowledge and perceptions. The second objective involved identifying and describing the factors responsible for culling and mortality in dairy farms in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa. The factors were grouped into seven (7) major factors namely lameness and poor growth (2.33 percent), reproduction problems (35.86 percent), health factors (6.72 percent), production factors (7.11 percent), udder-related factors (3.42 percent), voluntary culls (4.86 percent) and miscellaneous factors (26.03 percent). The most frequent reason for culling dairy cows was reproduction problems which was mainly made up of infertility (7.9 percent), reproductive failure (89.9 percent), and dystocia (1 percent). Miscellaneous factors which mainly consisted of indigenous breeds (8.2 percent), and age (2.7 percent) accounted for the second most prevalent factors for the culling of dairy cows. All the farms recorded stock-theft as part of involuntary culling and accounted for 3.6 percent dairy cows that were culled. Poor milk yield and health-related factors such as red-water (33.8 percent), milk-fever (23.3 percent), and heart-water (6.8 percent) were amongst the major factors responsible for the culling of dairy cows. There were 1774 (13.67 percent) dairy cows that died in the study farms from 2015 to 2019 and causes of death were not specified except for drowning (0.01 percent) and snake bite (1 percent). This study exposed a gap in knowledge about the causes of mastitis, culling and mortality among dairy farmworkers in the southern part of the Eastern Cape Province. Furthermore, this study provided with a baseline information on the leading causes of culling and mortality. There is a need for further research on strategies of enhancing the knowledge of dairy farmworkers about pathogens of mastitis and specific causes of culling and mortality to mitigate the challenge they pose to food security.]]> Thu 10 Feb 2022 14:51:28 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:58074 Thu 03 Nov 2022 15:19:47 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:46153 B > A; (P<0.0001). Performance parameters like Body condition score (BCS), body weight (BW), dry matter intake (DMI), and daily methane were higher (P<0.05) in Bonsmara. However, Methane per BW was higher in Nguni (P<0.05), and methane per DMI did not differ among breeds (P>0.05). Body condition, BW, and DMI were higher (P<0.05) in commercial grazing system. Contrary, daily methane production, methane production per DMI, and methane produced per BW were higher in communal grazing. In the second study, Ruminal NH3-N concentration ranged between 69.05 - 96.78 mg/L and was higher (P<0.05) in Nguni. It was also higher (P<0.05) in the commercial grazing system. Ruminal pH, temperature, total VFAs, and certain individual VFAs (iso-butyrate, valeric and iso-valeric) did not differ (P>0.05) among breeds and grazing systems. However, total VFAs were slightly lower in communal grazing (78.87 mmol/L) than commercial grazing (89.80 mmol/L). Acetate, propionate, butyrate proportions, and acetate to propionate ratio did not differ (P>0.05) among breeds but differed (P<0.05) between grazing systems. Acetate (P<0.05) and acetate to propionate ratio (P<0.05) were higher in the communal grazing system, while the reverse was true for propionate (P<0.05) and butyrate (P<0.05). Bonsmara produced more methane than Nguni under similar conditions, with Nguni uniquely producing more methane per BW, indicating host genetics influence. Communal animals and older animals produced more CH4 than commercial and younger cows regardless of the breed, indicating ruminal inefficiencies in very old cows. These results emphasize the idea that host genetics or breed, grazing system, and age influence methane output and performance. Hence, breeding strategies for hard-to-measure traits like methane production need to put all these factors into consideration.]]> Thu 03 Feb 2022 14:52:24 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:66080 Mon 31 Jul 2023 15:26:55 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:46986 Mon 21 Feb 2022 15:31:02 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:52005 Mon 13 Jun 2022 09:23:01 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:46865 Fri 18 Feb 2022 10:25:54 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:48175 Fri 11 Mar 2022 14:47:39 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:45655 Fri 11 Mar 2022 14:44:30 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:46460 0.05) across all dietary treatments. At 12 to 72 hours, the DMD was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in Vachellia karroo containing diets except at 48 hours. Correlation between DMD and NDF, ADF and fat was only visible at 24 hours. Fibre (ADF and NDF) were negatively related to DMD, while fat was positively related. A positive correlation was observed between DMD and DM, CP and ADFI. The body weight and BCS of goats was similar (P > 0.05) in all dietary treatments (P > 0.05). The ADFI was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in Vachellia karroo supplemented goats. Faecal egg count and FAMACHA scores were significantly higher (P< 0.05) in the control group compared to the Vachellia karroo supplemented treatments; while glucose levels were significantly higher in goats supplemented with Vachellia karroo compared to non-supplemented goats. Cholesterol levels were similar (P > 0.05) across all experimental groups. Goats consuming 30 percent of Vachellia karroo leaf meal had higher (P < 0.05) creatinine levels than the non-supplemented treatment. Urea levels were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in goats fed 30 percent of Vachellia karroo leaf meal than other treatments. It was concluded that the inclusion of Vachellia karroo leaves improves diet quality, diet degradability, average daily feed intake and physiological responses.]]> Fri 11 Feb 2022 10:05:06 SAST ]]> https://commons.ufh.ac.za/vital/access/manager/Repository/vital:52656 Fri 01 Jul 2022 11:25:20 SAST ]]>